1
|
Liu WT, Li CQ, Fu AN, Yang HT, Xie YX, Yao H, Yi GH. Therapeutic implication of targeting mitochondrial drugs designed for efferocytosis dysfunction. J Drug Target 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39099434 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2386620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Efferocytosis refers to the process by which phagocytes remove apoptotic cells and related apoptotic products. It is essential for the growth and development of the body, the repair of damaged or inflamed tissues, and the balance of the immune system. Damaged efferocytosis will cause a variety of chronic inflammation and immune system diseases. Many studies show that efferocytosis is a process mediated by mitochondria. Mitochondrial metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and communication between mitochondria and other organelles can all affect phagocytes' clearance of apoptotic cells. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to modulate phagocyte efferocytosis is an anticipated strategy to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we introduced the mechanism of efferocytosis and the pivoted role of mitochondria in efferocytosis. In addition, we focused on the therapeutic implication of drugs targeting mitochondria in diseases related to efferocytosis dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Chao-Quan Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Ao-Ni Fu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Hao-Tian Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Yu-Xin Xie
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Uchańska A, Morytko A, Kwiecień K, Oleszycka E, Grygier B, Cichy J, Kwiecińska P. Lazy neutrophils - a lack of DGAT1 reduces the chemotactic activity of mouse neutrophils. Inflamm Res 2024:10.1007/s00011-024-01920-6. [PMID: 39043892 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils are key players in the innate immune system, actively migrating to sites of inflammation in the highly energetic process of chemotaxis. In this study, we focus on the role of acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of triglycerides, the major form of stored energy, in neutrophil chemotaxis. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a mouse model of psoriasis, we show that DGAT1-deficiency reduces energy-demanding neutrophil infiltration to the site of inflammation, but this inhibition is not caused by decreased glycolysis and reduced ATP production by neutrophils lacking DGAT1. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrate that DGAT1 also does not influence lipid accumulation in lipid droplets during inflammation. Interestingly, as has been shown previously, a lack of DGAT1 leads to an increase in the concentration of retinoic acid, and here, using real-time PCR and publicly-available next-generation RNA sequencing datasets, we show the upregulation of retinoic acid-responsive genes in Dgat1KO neutrophils. Furthermore, supplementation of WT neutrophils with exogenous retinoic acid mimics DGAT1-deficiency in the inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis in in vitro transwell assay. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that impaired skin infiltration by neutrophils in Dgat1KO mice is a result of the inhibitory action of an increased concentration of retinoic acid, rather than impaired lipid metabolism in DGAT1-deficient mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Uchańska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
- Selvita S.A, Cracow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Morytko
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Kamila Kwiecień
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Ewa Oleszycka
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Beata Grygier
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Science, Cracow, Poland
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kwiecińska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haist KC, Gibbings SL, Jacobelli J, Mould KJ, Henson PM, Bratton DL. A LTB 4/CD11b self-amplifying loop drives pyogranuloma formation in chronic granulomatous disease. iScience 2024; 27:109589. [PMID: 38623335 PMCID: PMC11016758 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sterile pyogranulomas and heightened cytokine production are hyperinflammatory hallmarks of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD). Using peritoneal cells of zymosan-treated CGD (gp91phox-/-) versus wild-type (WT) mice, an ex vivo system of pyogranuloma formation was developed to determine factors involved in and consequences of recruitment of neutrophils and monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMacs). Whereas WT cells failed to aggregate, CGD cells formed aggregates containing neutrophils initially, and MoMacs recruited secondarily. LTB4 was key, as antagonizing BLT1 blocked neutrophil aggregation, but acted only indirectly on MoMac recruitment. LTB4 upregulated CD11b expression on CGD neutrophils, and the absence/blockade of CD11b inhibited LTB4 production and cell aggregation. Neutrophil-dependent MoMac recruitment was independent of MoMac Nox2 status, BLT1, CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, CXCR2, and CXCR6. As proof of concept, CD11b-deficient CGD mice developed disrupted pyogranulomas with poorly organized neutrophils and diminished recruitment of MoMacs. Importantly, the disruption of cell aggregation and pyogranuloma formation markedly reduced proinflammatory cytokine production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey C. Haist
- National Jewish Health, Department of Pediatrics, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | | | - Jordan Jacobelli
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Barbara Davis Research Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kara J. Mould
- National Jewish Health, Department of Medicine, Denver, CO 80206, USA
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Peter M. Henson
- National Jewish Health, Department of Pediatrics, Denver, CO 80206, USA
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Barbara Davis Research Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- National Jewish Health, Department of Medicine, Denver, CO 80206, USA
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Donna L. Bratton
- National Jewish Health, Department of Pediatrics, Denver, CO 80206, USA
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jercălău CE, Andrei CL, Darabont RO, Guberna S, Staicu AM, Rusu CT, Ceban O, Sinescu CJ. Blood Cell Ratios Unveiled: Predictive Markers of Myocardial Infarction Prognosis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:824. [PMID: 38667586 PMCID: PMC11049867 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12080824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even if the management and treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) have significantly evolved, it is still a burgeoning disease, an active volcano with very high rates of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, novel management and therapeutic strategies for this condition are urgently needed. Lately, theories related to the role of various blood cells in NSTEMI have emerged, with most of this research having so far been focused on correlating the ratios between various leukocyte types (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio-NLR, neutrophil/monocyte ratio-NMR). But what about erythrocytes? Is there an interaction between these cells and leukocytes, and furthermore, can this relationship influence NSTEMI prognosis? Are they partners in crime? METHODS Through the present study, we sought, over a period of sixteen months, to evaluate the neutrophil/red blood cell ratio (NRR), monocyte/red blood cell ratio (MRR) and lymphocyte/red blood cell ratio (LRR), assessing their potential role as novel prognostic markers in patients with NSTEMI. RESULTS There was a statistically significant correlation between the NRR, LRR, MRR and the prognosis of NSTEMI patients. CONCLUSIONS These new predictive markers could represent the start of future innovative therapies that may influence crosstalk pathways and have greater benefits in terms of cardiac repair and the secondary prevention of NSTEMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cosmina Elena Jercălău
- Department of Cardiology, “Bagdasar Arseni” Emergency Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 011241 Bucharest, Romania; (R.O.D.); (C.J.S.)
| | - Cătălina Liliana Andrei
- Department of Cardiology, “Bagdasar Arseni” Emergency Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 011241 Bucharest, Romania; (R.O.D.); (C.J.S.)
| | - Roxana Oana Darabont
- Department of Cardiology, “Bagdasar Arseni” Emergency Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 011241 Bucharest, Romania; (R.O.D.); (C.J.S.)
| | - Suzana Guberna
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.G.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Arina Maria Staicu
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (S.G.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Cătălin Teodor Rusu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Coltea” Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Octavian Ceban
- Economic Cybernetics and Informatics Department, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010374 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Crina Julieta Sinescu
- Department of Cardiology, “Bagdasar Arseni” Emergency Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 011241 Bucharest, Romania; (R.O.D.); (C.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen L, Shao Z, Zhang Z, Teng W, Mou H, Jin X, Wei S, Wang Z, Eloy Y, Zhang W, Zhou H, Yao M, Zhao S, Chai X, Wang F, Xu K, Xu J, Ye Z. An On-Demand Collaborative Innate-Adaptive Immune Response to Infection Treatment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304774. [PMID: 37523329 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Deep tissue infection is a common clinical issue and therapeutic difficulty caused by the disruption of the host antibacterial immune function, resulting in treatment failure and infection relapse. Intracellular pathogens are refractory to elimination and can manipulate host cell biology even after appropriate treatment, resulting in a locoregional immunosuppressive state that leads to an inadequate response to conventional anti-infective therapies. Here, a novel antibacterial strategy involving autogenous immunity using a biomimetic nanoparticle (NP)-based regulating system is reported to induce in situ collaborative innate-adaptive immune responses. It is observed that a macrophage membrane coating facilitates NP enrichment at the infection site, followed by active NP accumulation in macrophages in a mannose-dependent manner. These NP-armed macrophages exhibit considerably improved innate capabilities, including more efficient intracellular ROS generation and pro-inflammatory factor secretion, M1 phenotype promotion, and effective eradication of invasive bacteria. Furthermore, the reprogrammed macrophages direct T cell activation at infectious sites, resulting in a robust adaptive antimicrobial immune response to ultimately achieve bacterial clearance and prevent infection relapse. Overall, these results provide a conceptual framework for a novel macrophage-based strategy for infection treatment via the regulation of autogenous immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxuan Shao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zengjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Wangsiyuan Teng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Haochen Mou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Shenyu Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Yinwang Eloy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Minjun Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Shenzhi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Xupeng Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Fangqian Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Kaiwang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hegemann N, Barth L, Döring Y, Voigt N, Grune J. Implications for neutrophils in cardiac arrhythmias. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H441-H458. [PMID: 38099844 PMCID: PMC11219058 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00590.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias commonly occur as a result of aberrant electrical impulse formation or conduction in the myocardium. Frequently discussed triggers include underlying heart diseases such as myocardial ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, or genetic anomalies of ion channels involved in the tightly regulated cardiac action potential. Recently, the role of innate immune cells in the onset of arrhythmic events has been highlighted in numerous studies, correlating leukocyte expansion in the myocardium to increased arrhythmic burden. Here, we aim to call attention to the role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of cardiac arrhythmias and their expansion during myocardial ischemia and infectious disease manifestation. In addition, we will elucidate molecular mechanisms associated with neutrophil activation and discuss their involvement as direct mediators of arrhythmogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Hegemann
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Barth
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yannic Döring
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jana Grune
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gibbings SL, Haist KC, Redente EF, Henson PM, Bratton DL. TNFα: TNFR1 signaling inhibits maturation and maintains the pro-inflammatory programming of monocyte-derived macrophages in murine chronic granulomatous disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354836. [PMID: 38404573 PMCID: PMC10884288 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Loss of NADPH oxidase activity results in proinflammatory macrophages that contribute to hyperinflammation in Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD). Previously, it was shown in a zymosan-induced peritonitis model that gp91phox-/- (CGD) monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMacs) fail to phenotypically mature into pro-resolving MoMacs characteristic of wild type (WT) but retain the ability to do so when placed in the WT milieu. Accordingly, it was hypothesized that soluble factor(s) in the CGD milieu thwart appropriate programming. Methods We sought to identify key constituents using ex vivo culture of peritoneal inflammatory leukocytes and their conditioned media. MoMac phenotyping was performed via flow cytometry, measurement of efferocytic capacity and multiplex analysis of secreted cytokines. Addition of exogenous TNFα, TNFα neutralizing antibody and TNFR1-/- MoMacs were used to study the role of TNFα: TNFR1 signaling in MoMac maturation. Results More extensive phenotyping defined normal MoMac maturation and demonstrated failure of maturation of CGD MoMacs both ex vivo and in vivo. Protein components, and specifically TNFα, produced and released by CGD neutrophils and MoMacs into conditioned media was identified as critical to preventing maturation. Exogenous addition of TNFα inhibited WT MoMac maturation, and its neutralization allowed maturation of cultured CGD MoMacs. TNFα neutralization also reduced production of IL-1β, IL-6 and CXCL1 by CGD cells though these cytokines played no role in MoMac programming. MoMacs lacking TNFR1 matured more normally in the CGD milieu both ex vivo and following adoptive transfer in vivo. Discussion These data lend mechanistic insights into the utility of TNFα blockade in CGD and to other diseases where such therapy has been shown to be beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L. Gibbings
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Kelsey C. Haist
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Elizabeth F. Redente
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Peter M. Henson
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Donna L. Bratton
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Brown GC. Cell death by phagocytosis. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:91-102. [PMID: 37604896 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Cells can die as a consequence of being phagocytosed by other cells - a form of cell death that has been called phagotrophy, cell cannibalism, programmed cell removal and primary phagocytosis. However, these are all different manifestations of cell death by phagocytosis (termed 'phagoptosis' for short). The engulfed cells die as a result of cytotoxic oxidants, peptides and degradative enzymes within acidic phagolysosomes. Cell death by phagocytosis was discovered by Metchnikov in the 1880s, but was neglected until recently. It is now known to contribute to developmental cell death in nematodes, Drosophila and mammals, and is central to innate and adaptive immunity against pathogens. Cell death by phagocytosis mediates physiological turnover of erythrocytes and other leucocytes, making it the most abundant form of cell death in the mammalian body. Immunity against cancer is also partly mediated by macrophage phagocytosis of cancer cells, but cancer cells can also phagocytose host cells and other cancer cells in order to survive. Recent evidence indicates neurodegeneration and other neuropathologies can be mediated by microglial phagocytosis of stressed neurons. Thus, despite cell death by phagocytosis being poorly recognized, it is one of the oldest, commonest and most important forms of cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy C Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tu H, Ren H, Jiang J, Shao C, Shi Y, Li P. Dying to Defend: Neutrophil Death Pathways and their Implications in Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306457. [PMID: 38044275 PMCID: PMC10885667 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils, accounting for ≈70% of human peripheral leukocytes, are key cells countering bacterial and fungal infections. Neutrophil homeostasis involves a balance between cell maturation, migration, aging, and eventual death. Neutrophils undergo different death pathways depending on their interactions with microbes and external environmental cues. Neutrophil death has significant physiological implications and leads to distinct immunological outcomes. This review discusses the multifarious neutrophil death pathways, including apoptosis, NETosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, and outlines their effects on immune responses and disease progression. Understanding the multifaceted aspects of neutrophil death, the intersections among signaling pathways and ramifications of immunity will help facilitate the development of novel therapeutic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Tu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionInstitutes for Translational MedicineSuzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Haoyu Ren
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionInstitutes for Translational MedicineSuzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Junjie Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionInstitutes for Translational MedicineSuzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionInstitutes for Translational MedicineSuzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionInstitutes for Translational MedicineSuzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Peishan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionInstitutes for Translational MedicineSuzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lyu J, Liu H, Chen L, Liu C, Tao J, Yao Y, Li L, Huang Y, Zhou Z. In situ hydrogel enhances non-efferocytic phagocytosis for post-surgical tumor treatment. J Control Release 2023; 363:402-414. [PMID: 37751825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Post-surgical efferocytosis of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) originates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and facilitates abscopal metastasis of residual tumor cells. Currently, few strategies could inhibit efferocytosis while recovering the tumor-eliminative phagocytosis of TAMs. Herein, we developed an in situ hydrogel that contains anti-CD47 antibody (aCD47) and apocynin (APO), an inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. This hydrogel amplifies the non-efferocytic phagocytosis of TAMs by (1) blocking the extracellular "Don't eat me" signal of efferocytosis with aCD47, which enhances the receptor-mediated recognition and engulfment of tumor cells by TAMs in the post-surgical tumor bed, and (2) by utilizing APO to dispose of tumor debris in a non-efferocytic manner, which prevents acidification and maturation of efferosomes and allows for M1-polarization of TAMs, leading to improved antigen presentation ability. With the complementary intervention of extracellular and intracellular, this hydrogel reverses the immunosuppressive effects of efferocytosis, and induces a potent M1-associated Th1 immune response against tumor recurrence. In addition, the in situ detachment and distal colonization of metastatic tumor cells were efficiently restrained due to the intervention of efferocytosis. Collectively, the hydrogel potentiates surgery treatment of tumor by recovering the tumor-elimination ability of post-surgical TAMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Huizhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chendong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cheng J, Wang W, Xia Y, Li Y, Jia J, Xiao G. Regulators of phagocytosis as pharmacologic targets for stroke treatment. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1122527. [PMID: 37601043 PMCID: PMC10433754 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke, including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, causes massive cell death in the brain, which is followed by secondary inflammatory injury initiated by disease-associated molecular patterns released from dead cells. Phagocytosis, a cellular process of engulfment and digestion of dead cells, promotes the resolution of inflammation and repair following stroke. However, professional or non-professional phagocytes also phagocytose stressed but viable cells in the brain or excessively phagocytose myelin sheaths or prune synapses, consequently exacerbating brain injury and impairing repair following stroke. Phagocytosis includes the smell, eating and digestion phases. Notably, efficient phagocytosis critically depends on phagocyte capacity to take up dead cells continually due to the limited number of phagocytes vs. dead cells after injury. Moreover, phenotypic polarization of phagocytes occurring after phagocytosis is also essential to the proresolving and prorepair properties of phagocytosis. Much has been learned about the molecular signals and regulatory mechanisms governing the sense and recognition of dead cells by phagocytes during the smell and eating phase following stroke. However, some key areas remain extremely understudied, including the mechanisms involved in digestion regulation, continual phagocytosis and phagocytosis-induced phenotypic switching following stroke. Here, we summarize new discoveries related to the molecular mechanisms and multifaceted effects of phagocytosis on brain injury and repair following stroke and highlight the knowledge gaps in poststroke phagocytosis. We suggest that advancing the understanding of poststroke phagocytosis will help identify more biological targets for stroke treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cheng
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guodong Xiao
- Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pampuscenko K, Morkuniene R, Krasauskas L, Smirnovas V, Brown GC, Borutaite V. Extracellular tau stimulates phagocytosis of living neurons by activated microglia via Toll-like 4 receptor-NLRP3 inflammasome-caspase-1 signalling axis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10813. [PMID: 37402829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37887-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In tauopathies, abnormal deposition of intracellular tau protein followed by gradual elevation of tau in cerebrospinal fluids and neuronal loss has been documented, however, the mechanism how actually neurons die under tau pathology is largely unknown. We have previously shown that extracellular tau protein (2N4R isoform) can stimulate microglia to phagocytose live neurons, i.e. cause neuronal death by primary phagocytosis, also known as phagoptosis. Here we show that tau protein induced caspase-1 activation in microglial cells via 'Toll-like' 4 (TLR4) receptors and neutral sphingomyelinase. Tau-induced neuronal loss was blocked by caspase-1 inhibitors (Ac-YVAD-CHO and VX-765) as well as by TLR4 antibodies. Inhibition of caspase-1 by Ac-YVAD-CHO prevented tau-induced exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of neuronal membranes and reduced microglial phagocytic activity. We also show that suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome, which is down-stream of TLR4 receptors and mediates caspase-1 activation, by a specific inhibitor (MCC550) also prevented tau-induced neuronal loss. Moreover, NADPH oxidase is also involved in tau-induced neurotoxicity since neuronal loss was abolished by its pharmacological inhibitor. Overall, our data indicate that extracellular tau protein stimulates microglia to phagocytose live neurons via Toll-like 4 receptor-NLRP3 inflammasome-caspase-1 axis and NADPH oxidase, each of which may serve as a potential molecular target for pharmacological treatment of tauopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katryna Pampuscenko
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Ramune Morkuniene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lukas Krasauskas
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Smirnovas
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Guy C Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Vilmante Borutaite
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Uriarte SM, Hajishengallis G. Neutrophils in the periodontium: Interactions with pathogens and roles in tissue homeostasis and inflammation. Immunol Rev 2023; 314:93-110. [PMID: 36271881 PMCID: PMC10049968 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are of key importance in periodontal health and disease. In their absence or when they are functionally defective, as occurs in certain congenital disorders, affected individuals develop severe forms of periodontitis in early age. These observations imply that the presence of immune-competent neutrophils is essential to homeostasis. However, the presence of supernumerary or hyper-responsive neutrophils, either because of systemic priming or innate immune training, leads to imbalanced host-microbe interactions in the periodontium that culminate in dysbiosis and inflammatory tissue breakdown. These disease-provoking imbalanced interactions are further exacerbated by periodontal pathogens capable of subverting neutrophil responses to their microbial community's benefit and the host's detriment. This review attempts a synthesis of these findings for an integrated view of the neutrophils' ambivalent role in periodontal disease and, moreover, discusses how some of these concepts underpin the development of novel therapeutic approaches to treat periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M. Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang YT, Trzeciak AJ, Rojas WS, Saavedra P, Chen YT, Chirayil R, Etchegaray JI, Lucas CD, Puleston DJ, Keshari KR, Perry JSA. Metabolic adaptation supports enhanced macrophage efferocytosis in limited-oxygen environments. Cell Metab 2023; 35:316-331.e6. [PMID: 36584675 PMCID: PMC9908853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cell (AC) clearance (efferocytosis) is performed by phagocytes, such as macrophages, that inhabit harsh physiological environments. Here, we find that macrophages display enhanced efferocytosis under prolonged (chronic) physiological hypoxia, characterized by increased internalization and accelerated degradation of ACs. Transcriptional and translational analyses revealed that chronic physiological hypoxia induces two distinct but complimentary states. The first, "primed" state, consists of concomitant transcription and translation of metabolic programs in AC-naive macrophages that persist during efferocytosis. The second, "poised" state, consists of transcription, but not translation, of phagocyte function programs in AC-naive macrophages that are translated during efferocytosis. Mechanistically, macrophages efficiently flux glucose into a noncanonical pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) loop to enhance NADPH production. PPP-derived NADPH directly supports enhanced efferocytosis under physiological hypoxia by ensuring phagolysosomal maturation and redox homeostasis. Thus, macrophages residing under physiological hypoxia adopt states that support cell fitness and ensure performance of essential homeostatic functions rapidly and safely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Wang
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alissa J Trzeciak
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Waleska Saitz Rojas
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedro Saavedra
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yan-Ting Chen
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Chirayil
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jon Iker Etchegaray
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Christopher D Lucas
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK; Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Daniel J Puleston
- Bloomberg, Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin S A Perry
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu CY, Fan WL, Yang HY, Chu PS, Liao PC, Chen LC, Yao TC, Yeh KW, Ou LS, Lin SJ, Lee WI, Huang JL. Contribution of genetic variants associated with primary immunodeficiencies to childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematous. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 151:1123-1131. [PMID: 36586539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dysregulated immune response is a hallmark of autoimmune disorders. Evidence suggests that systemic autoimmune diseases and primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) may be similar diseases with different clinical phenotypes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the burden of PID-associated genetic variants in patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). METHODS We enrolled 118 cSLE patients regularly followed at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Targeted next-generation sequencing identified PID genetic variants in patients versus 1475 unrelated healthy individuals, which were further filtered by allelic frequency and various functional scores. Customized immune assays tested the functions of the identified variants. RESULTS On filtration, 36 patients (30.5%) harbored rare variants in PID-associated genes predicted to be damaging. One homozygous TREX1 (c.294dupA) mutation and 4 heterozygous variants with possible dominant PID traits, including BCL11B (c.G1040T), NFKB1 (c.T695G), and NFKB2 (c.G1210A, c.G1651A), were discovered. With recessive traits, variants were found across all PID types; one fifth involved phagocyte number or function defects. Predicted pathogenic PID variants were more predominant in those with a family history of lupus, regardless of infection susceptibility. Moreover, mutation loads were greater among cSLE patients than controls despite sex or age at disease onset. While greater mutation loads were observed among cSLE patients with peripubertal disease onset, no significant differences in sex or phenotype were noted among cSLE patients. CONCLUSION cSLE is mostly not monogenic. Gene-specific analysis and mutation load investigations suggested that rare and predicted damaging variants in PID-related genes can potentially contribute to cSLE susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lang Fan
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Shuang Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shiou Ou
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Syh-Jae Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Loh W, Vermeren S. Anti-Inflammatory Neutrophil Functions in the Resolution of Inflammation and Tissue Repair. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244076. [PMID: 36552840 PMCID: PMC9776979 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are highly abundant circulating leukocytes that are amongst the first cells to be recruited to sites of infection or sterile injury. Their ability to generate and release powerful cytotoxic products ties with their role in host defence from bacterial and fungal infections. Neutrophilic inflammation is tightly regulated to limit the amount of 'bystander injury' caused. Neutrophils were in the past regarded as short-lived, indiscriminate killers of invading microorganisms. However, this view has changed quite dramatically in recent years. Amongst other insights, neutrophils are now recognised to also have important anti-inflammatory functions that are critical for the resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. This minireview focusses on anti-inflammatory neutrophil functions, placing a particular focus on recent findings linked to neutrophil cell death, several types of which may be anti-inflammatory (apoptosis, secondary necrosis, and neutrophil extracellular traps). These are discussed together with features that may further promote the clearance of dead cells by efferocytosis and reprogramming of macrophages to promote resolution and repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waywen Loh
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Sonja Vermeren
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shen S, Cheng X, Zhou L, Zhao Y, Wang H, Zhang J, Sun X, Wang Y, Shu Y, Xu Y, Tao Y, Li M, Lu Z, Cai W, Nie G, Qiu W. Neutrophil Nanovesicle Protects against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through Enhancing Myelin Clearance by Microglia. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18886-18897. [PMID: 36288210 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Timely clearance of myelin debris is the premise of neuroinflammation termination and tissue regeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Microglia are the main scavengers of myelin debris in MS lesions, but its phagocytic capability is limited in MS patients. Here, we develop neutrophil-derived nanovesicles (NNVs) to enhance the efficiency of myelin debris clearance in microglia for MS therapy. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) results demonstrate that NNVs treatment ameliorates lesional neuroinflammation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Consequently, EAE mice exhibit favorable neurological functions and white matter integrity after NNVs treatment. Specifically, NNVs treatment upregulates the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in microglia, as revealed by Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATACseq). We also demonstrate that NRF2 can activate the transcription of RUBCN (RUN domain and cysteine-rich domain containing Beclin 1-interacting protein), which in turn enhances LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) in microglia. As a result, myelin debris engulfed by microglia can be efficiently catabolized in NNVs-treated EAE mice without obvious side effects. Together, this study proves that NNVs can modulate neuroinflammation by clearing myelin debris and is a promising MS treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shishi Shen
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Luyao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yipeng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yuge Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yaqing Shu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yanteng Xu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhengqi Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yan X, He M, Huang H, Wang Q, Hu Y, Wang X, Jin M, Wang Y, Xia Y, Li Y, Chen G, Cheng J, Jia J. Endogenous H 2S targets mitochondria to promote continual phagocytosis of erythrocytes by microglia after intracerebral hemorrhage. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102442. [PMID: 35998432 PMCID: PMC9420393 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematoma clearance, which is achieved largely by phagocytosis of erythrocytes in the hemorrhagic brain, limits injury and facilitates recovery following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Efficient phagocytosis critically depends on the capacity of a single phagocyte to phagocytize dead cells continually. However, the mechanism underlying continual phagocytosis following ICH remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the mechanism in this study. By using ICH models, we found that the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous modulator of continual phagocytosis following ICH. The expression of the H2S synthase cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and CBS-derived H2S were elevated in brain-resident phagocytic microglia following ICH, which consequently promoted continual phagocytosis of erythrocytes by microglia. Microglia-specific deletion of CBS delayed spontaneous hematoma clearance via an H2S-mediated mechanism following ICH. Mechanistically, oxidation of CBS-derived endogenous H2S by sulfide-quinone oxidoreductase initiated reverse electron transfer at mitochondrial complex I, leading to superoxide production. Complex I-derived superoxide, in turn, activated uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) to promote microglial phagocytosis of erythrocytes. Functionally, complex I and UCP2 were required for spontaneous hematoma clearance following ICH. Moreover, hyperhomocysteinemia, an established risk factor for stroke, impaired ICH-enhanced CBS expression and delayed hematoma resolution, while supplementing exogenous H2S accelerated hematoma clearance in mice with hyperhomocysteinemia. The results suggest that the microglial CBS-H2S-complex I axis is critical to continual phagocytosis following ICH and can be targeted to treat ICH. CBS-derived H2S is elevated in brain-resident phagocytic microglia following ICH. CBS-derived H2S promotes continual erythrophagocytosis and hematoma clearance. CBS-derived H2S promotes microglial phagocytosis via complex I-derived ROS. Hyperhomocysteinemia inhibits CBS expression to delay hematoma resolution. The CBS-H2S-complex I axis can be targeted to treat ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Yan
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Meijun He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Meng Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yiqing Xia
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yi Li
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Jian Cheng
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Jia Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases & College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Trzeciak A, Mongre RK, Kim MR, Lim K, Madero RA, Parkhurst CN, Pietropaoli AP, Kim M. Neutrophil heterogeneity in complement C1q expression associated with sepsis mortality. Front Immunol 2022; 13:965305. [PMID: 35983035 PMCID: PMC9380571 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.965305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening systemic inflammatory condition causing approximately 11 million annual deaths worldwide. Although key hyperinflammation-based organ dysfunctions that drive disease pathology have been recognized, our understanding of the factors that predispose patients to septic mortality is limited. Due to the lack of reliable prognostic measures, the development of appropriate clinical management that improves patient survival remains challenging. Here, we discovered that a subpopulation of CD49chigh neutrophils with dramatic upregulation of the complement component 1q (C1q) gene expression arises during severe sepsis. We further found that deceased septic patients failed to maintain C1q protein expression in their neutrophils, whereas septic survivors expressed higher levels of C1q. In mouse sepsis models, blocking C1q with neutralizing antibodies or conditionally knocking out C1q in neutrophils led to a significant increase in septic mortality. Apoptotic neutrophils release C1q to control their own clearance in critically injured organs during sepsis; thus, treatment of septic mice with C1q drastically increased survival. These results suggest that neutrophil C1q is a reliable prognostic biomarker of septic mortality and a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Trzeciak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Raj Kumar Mongre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ma Rie Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kihong Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Rafael A. Madero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Christopher N. Parkhurst
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anthony P. Pietropaoli
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xiong F, Mao R, Zhao R, Zhang L, Tan K, Liu C, Wang S, Xu M, Li Y, Zhang T. Plasma Exosomal S1PR5 and CARNS1 as Potential Non-invasive Screening Biomarkers of Coronary Heart Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:845673. [PMID: 35837598 PMCID: PMC9273894 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.845673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve the prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD), but no convenient screening tools are available. This study aims to find potential non-invasive screening biomarkers of coronary heart disease. Method We performed microarray analysis to investigate the mRNA expression levels in Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and screen significantly differentially expressed mRNAs in CHD patients vs. non-CHD patients. We then performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to validate the microarray results, and we calculated the correlations between expression levels and clinicopathological data. Microarray analysis identified 72 downregulated mRNAs and 31 upregulated mRNAs in CHD patients relative to non-CHD patients. Results From the study, we found that upregulated sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 5 (S1PR5) and downregulated carnosine synthase 1 (CARNS1) had the most significant differences between the patient group and the control group. S1PR5 expression was correlated with diabetes, heart rate, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and fasting blood glucose (P < 0.05). CARNS1 level was correlated with uric acid (UA) (P < 0.05). Overexpressed S1PR5 and downregulated CARNS1 were independent risk factors for CHD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of S1PR5 was 0.838 for diagnosing CHD; the AUC of CARNS1 was 0.883 for non-CHD; and the AUC of S1PR5 plus CARNS1 was 0.921 for CHD. Conclusions Microarray analysis showed that upregulated S1PR5 and downregulated CARNS1 in sEVs have the potential to become non-invasive biomarkers for CHD screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute of Chengdu, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruohan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute of Chengdu, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute of Chengdu, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Kunyue Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute of Chengdu, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute of Chengdu, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuzhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute of Chengdu, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute of Chengdu, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Tongtong Zhang
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gibbings SL, Haist KC, Nick H, Frasch SC, Glass TH, Vestal B, Danhorn T, Mould KJ, Henson PM, Bratton DL. Heightened turnover and failed maturation of monocyte-derived macrophages in murine chronic granulomatous disease. Blood 2022; 139:1707-1721. [PMID: 34699591 PMCID: PMC8931516 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of NADPH oxidase activity leads to altered phagocyte responses and exaggerated inflammation in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). We sought to assess the effects of Nox2 absence on monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMacs) in gp91phox-/y mice during zymosan-induced peritonitis. MoMacs from CGD and wild-type (WT) peritonea were characterized over time after zymosan injection. Although numbers lavaged from both genotypes were virtually identical, there were marked differences in maturation: newly recruited WT MoMacs rapidly enlarged and matured, losing Ly6C and gaining MHCII, CD206, and CD36, whereas CGD MoMacs remained small and were mostly Ly6C+MHCII-. RNA-sequencing analyses showed few intrinsic differences between genotypes in newly recruited MoMacs but significant differences with time. WT MoMacs displayed changes in metabolism, adhesion, and reparative functions, whereas CGD MoMacs remained inflammatory. PKH dye labeling revealed that although WT MoMacs were mostly recruited within the first 24 hours and remained in the peritoneum while maturing and enlarging, CGD monocytes streamed into the peritoneum for days, with many migrating to the diaphragm where they were found in fibrin(ogen) clots surrounding clusters of neutrophils in nascent pyogranulomata. Importantly, these observations seemed to be driven by milieu: adoptive transfer of CGD MoMacs into inflamed peritonea of WT mice resulted in immunophenotypic maturation and normal behavior, whereas altered maturation/behavior of WT MoMacs resulted from transfer into inflamed peritonea of CGD mice. In addition, Nox2-deficient MoMacs behaved similarly to their Nox2-sufficient counterparts within the largely WT milieu of mixed bone marrow chimeras. These data show persistent recruitment with fundamental failure of MoMac maturation in CGD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey C Haist
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Heidi Nick
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | | | - Teagan H Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | | | | | - Kara J Mould
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO; and
| | - Peter M Henson
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Donna L Bratton
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Environment tames CGD macrophages. Blood 2022; 139:1611-1612. [PMID: 35298607 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
23
|
Teng X, Brown J, Morel L. Redox Homeostasis Involvement in the Pharmacological Effects of Metformin in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:462-479. [PMID: 34619975 PMCID: PMC8982129 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Metformin has been proposed as a treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The primary target of metformin, the electron transport chain complex I in the mitochondria, is associated with redox homeostasis in immune cells, which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This review addresses the evidence and knowledge gaps on whether a beneficial effect of metformin in lupus may be due to a restoration of a balanced redox state. Recent Advances: Clinical trials in SLE patients with mild-to-moderate disease activity and preclinical studies in mice have provided encouraging results for metformin. The mechanism by which this therapeutic effect was achieved is largely unknown. Metformin regulates redox homeostasis in a context-specific manner. Multiple cell types contribute to SLE, with evidence of increased mitochondrial oxidative stress in T cells and neutrophils. Critical Issues: The major knowledge gaps are whether the efficacy of metformin is linked to a restored redox homeostasis in the immune system, and if it does, in which cell types it occurs? We also need to know which patients may have a better response to metformin, and whether it corresponds to a specific mechanism? Finally, the identification of biomarkers to predict treatment outcomes would be of great value. Future Directions: Mechanistic studies must address the context-dependent pharmacological effects of metformin. Multiple cell types as well as a complex disease etiology should be considered. These studies must integrate the rapid advances made in understanding how metabolic programs direct the effector functions of immune cells. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 462-479.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Teng
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Josephine Brown
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Herrero-Cervera A, Soehnlein O, Kenne E. Neutrophils in chronic inflammatory diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:177-191. [PMID: 35039631 PMCID: PMC8803838 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a component of many disease conditions that affect a large group of individuals worldwide. Chronic inflammation is characterized by persistent, low-grade inflammation and is increased in the aging population. Neutrophils are normally the first responders to acute inflammation and contribute to the resolution of inflammation. However, in chronic inflammation, the role of neutrophils is less well understood and has been described as either beneficial or detrimental, causing tissue damage and enhancing the immune response. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils are important players in several chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and autoimmune disorders. This review will highlight the interaction of neutrophils with other cells in the context of chronic inflammation, the contribution of neutrophils to selected chronic inflammatory diseases, and possible future therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Herrero-Cervera
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellinor Kenne
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Effect of Copper Nanoparticles and Ions on Epididymis and Spermatozoa Viability of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtles Pelodiscus sinensis. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have been widely used in various industrial and commercial applications, which become a potential threat to aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, their potential toxicity to the epididymis and sperm remains little known. In this study, we evaluated the effect of CuNPs and copper ions (CuSO4) on the spermatozoa viability, epididymal structure, antioxidant enzyme activity, and inflammatory cytokines in cauda epididymis of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle. Results showed that the spermatozoa viability of Chinese soft-shelled turtles decreased significantly with an increase in CuNPs or Cu ions concentrations. The epithelial cells of the epididymal duct of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles with the treatment of 5 mg kg−1 CuNPs were slightly swollen, and the connective tissue between the epididymal ducts was loose. The epithelial structure of the epididymal tube was severely damaged with an increase in Cu ion concentrations. Compared to the control, the antioxidative enzymes activities and the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 mRNA in the epididymis significantly increased with the treatment of CuNPs or CuSO4. The present study revealed that Cu ions exert more harmful effect on the epididymis and spermatozoa viability of Chinese soft-shelled turtles than copper nanoparticles.
Collapse
|
26
|
Bakutenko IY, Haurylchyk ID, Nikitchenko NV, Sechko E, Kozyro IA, Tchitchko AM, Batyan GM, Sukalo AV, Ryabokon NI. Neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF2) gene polymorphism is associated with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, but probably not with other autoimmune rheumatic diseases in children. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e1859. [PMID: 34971477 PMCID: PMC8801135 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variations of neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF2), a subunit of NADPH oxidase, are usually associated with chronic granulomatous disease, and their relationship with autoimmune disorders through the defective NADPH oxidase function during phagocytosis is suggested. Our study aimed to explore whether there is an association between the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the NCF2 gene (rs17849502, NC_000001.11:g.183563445G>T) and the development of juvenile autoimmune rheumatic diseases. METHODS In order to test this hypothesis, we conducted a pilot case-control study. In total, 709 children and adolescents, all Belarusians, were involved in the study including patients with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), Kawasaki disease (KD), and subjects without autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as the clinical control, as well as health newborns as the population control. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for genotyping. RESULTS The minor T allele of NCF2 occurred most frequently in patients with JSLE (OR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.18-5.73, p = 0.023 as compared to the clinical control). In groups with JIA and KD, its frequency did not differ from the control. The TT genotype was only observed in 5.7% of patients with JSLE (p = 0.007), but not in other groups. CONCLUSION Therefore, our study suggested that NCF2 rs17849502 polymorphism is a potential genetic risk factor for JSLE, while it is probably not for such autoimmune rheumatic diseases as JIA or KD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Y. Bakutenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genome StabilityInstitute of Genetics and CytologyNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinskBelarus
| | - Irena D. Haurylchyk
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genome StabilityInstitute of Genetics and CytologyNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinskBelarus
| | - Natalia V. Nikitchenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genome StabilityInstitute of Genetics and CytologyNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinskBelarus
| | - Elena V. Sechko
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Inna A. Kozyro
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Alexei M. Tchitchko
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Galina M. Batyan
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Alexander V. Sukalo
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Nadezhda I. Ryabokon
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genome StabilityInstitute of Genetics and CytologyNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinskBelarus
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Efferocytosis induces macrophage proliferation to help resolve tissue injury. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2445-2463.e8. [PMID: 34784501 PMCID: PMC8665147 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Apoptotic cell clearance by macrophages (efferocytosis) promotes resolution signaling pathways, which can be triggered by molecules derived from the phagolysosomal degradation of apoptotic cells. We show here that nucleotides derived from the hydrolysis of apoptotic cell DNA by phagolysosomal DNase2a activate a DNA-PKcs-mTORC2/Rictor pathway that increases Myc to promote non-inflammatory macrophage proliferation. Efferocytosis-induced proliferation expands the pool of resolving macrophages in vitro and in mice, including zymosan-induced peritonitis, dexamethasone-induced thymocyte apoptosis, and atherosclerosis regression. In the dexamethasone-thymus model, hematopoietic Rictor deletion blocked efferocytosing macrophage proliferation, apoptotic cell clearance, and tissue resolution. In atherosclerosis regression, silencing macrophage Rictor or DNase2a blocked efferocyte proliferation, apoptotic cell clearance, and plaque stabilization. In view of previous work showing that other types of apoptotic cell cargo can promote resolution in individual efferocytosing macrophages, the findings here suggest that signaling-triggered apoptotic cell-derived nucleotides can amplify this benefit by increasing the number of these macrophages.
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhao J, Zhang W, Wu T, Wang H, Mao J, Liu J, Zhou Z, Lin X, Yan H, Wang Q. Efferocytosis in the Central Nervous System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:773344. [PMID: 34926460 PMCID: PMC8678611 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.773344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective clearance of apoptotic cells is essential for maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and restoring homeostasis after injury. In most cases of physiological apoptotic cell death, efferocytosis prevents inflammation and other pathological conditions. When apoptotic cells are not effectively cleared, destruction of the integrity of the apoptotic cell membrane integrity, leakage of intracellular contents, and secondary necrosis may occur. Efferocytosis is the mechanism by which efferocytes quickly remove apoptotic cells from tissues before they undergo secondary necrosis. Cells with efferocytosis functions, mainly microglia, help to eliminate apoptotic cells from the CNS. Here, we discuss the impacts of efferocytosis on homeostasis, the mechanism of efferocytosis, the associations of efferocytosis failure and CNS diseases, and the current clinical applications of efferocytosis. We also identify efferocytosis as a novel potential target for exploring the causes and treatments of CNS diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Mao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziheng Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianfeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huige Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cell-based therapeutics for the treatment of hematologic diseases inside the bone marrow. J Control Release 2021; 339:1-13. [PMID: 34536449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies could overcome the limitations of traditional drugs for the treatment of refractory diseases. Cell exchange between the bone marrow and blood is bidirectional. Several kinds of cells in the blood have the capability to enter the bone marrow by interacting with sinusoidal cells under specific physiological or pathological conditions. These cells are the potential living therapeutics or delivery vehicles to treat or prevent bone marrow-related hematologic diseases. In this review, we summarized the in vivo molecular mechanisms and kinetics of these cells in entering the bone marrow. The advances in the fabrication of living cell drugs and the strategies to design cell-based carriers into the bone marrow were discussed. The latest studies on how to use blood cells as living drugs or as drug carriers to improve therapeutic outcomes of hematologic diseases inside the bone marrow were highlighted.
Collapse
|
30
|
Singhal A, Kumar S. Neutrophil and remnant clearance in immunity and inflammation. Immunology 2021; 165:22-43. [PMID: 34704249 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-centred inflammation and flawed clearance of neutrophils cause and exuberate multiple pathological conditions. These most abundant leukocytes exhibit very high daily turnover in steady-state and stress conditions. Various armours including oxidative burst, NETs and proteases function against pathogens, but also dispose neutrophils to spawn pro-inflammatory responses. Neutrophils undergo death through different pathways upon ageing, infection, executing the intruder's elimination. These include non-lytic apoptosis and other lytic deaths including NETosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis with distinct disintegration of the cellular membrane. This causes release and presence of different intracellular cytotoxic, and tissue-damaging content as cell remnants in the extracellular environment. The apoptotic cells and apoptotic bodies get cleared with non-inflammatory outcomes, while lytic deaths associated remnants including histones and cell-free DNA cause pro-inflammatory responses. Indeed, the enhanced frequencies of neutrophil-associated proteases, cell-free DNA and autoantibodies in diverse pathologies including sepsis, asthma, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, imply disturbed neutrophil resolution programmes in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Thus, the clearance mechanisms of neutrophils and associated remnants are vital for therapeutics. Though studies focused on clearance mechanisms of senescent or apoptotic neutrophils so far generated a good understanding of the same, clearance of neutrophils undergoing distinct lytic deaths, including NETs, are being the subjects of intense investigations. Here, in this review, we are providing the current updates in the clearance mechanisms of apoptotic neutrophils and focusing on not so well-defined recognition, uptake and degradation of neutrophils undergoing lytic death and associated remnants that may provide new therapeutic approaches in inflammation and autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apurwa Singhal
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Postal Staff College Area, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Geng L, Zhao J, Deng Y, Molano I, Xu X, Xu L, Ruiz P, Li Q, Feng X, Zhang M, Tan W, Kamen DL, Bae SC, Gilkeson GS, Sun L, Tsao BP. Human SLE variant NCF1-R90H promotes kidney damage and murine lupus through enhanced Tfh2 responses induced by defective efferocytosis of macrophages. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 81:255-267. [PMID: 34556485 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We previously identified a hypomorphic variant, p.Arg90His (p.R90H) of neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1, a regulatory subunit of phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 complex), as an putative causal variant for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and established a knock-in (KI) H90 variant in the C57BL/6 background to study how this variant promotes lupus development. METHODS Wild type (WT) and KI littermates were assessed for immune profiles and lupus-like features. Disease activity and renal damage of patients with SLE were assessed by systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) and renal items of systemic lupus international collaborating clinics (SLICC), respectively. RESULTS Compared with WT littermates, 5-week-old homozygous KI mice had reduced oxidative burst, splenomegaly, elevated type I interferon (IFN-I) scores, increased ratios of splenic follicular T helper 2 (Tfh2) to either T follicular regulatory (Tfr) or Tfh1 cells, increased ANA+ follicular, germinal centre and plasma cells without spontaneous kidney disease up to 1 year of age. Pristane treatment exacerbated the immune dysregulation and induced IFN-I-dependent kidney disease in 36-week-old H90 KI female mice. Decreased efferocytosis of macrophages derived from KI mice and patients with homozygous H90 SLE promoted elevated ratios of Tfh2/Tfr and Tfh2/Tfh1 as well as dysregulated humoral responses due to reduced voltage-gated proton channel 1 (Hv1)-dependent acidification of phagosome pH to neutralise the decreased electrogenic effect of the H90 variant, resulting in impaired maturation and phagosome proteolysis, and increased autoantibody production and kidney damage in mice and patients with SLE of multiple ancestries. CONCLUSIONS A lupus causal variant, NCF1-H90, reduces macrophage efferocytosis, enhances Tfh2 responses and promotes autoantibody production and kidney damage in both mice and patients with SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Geng
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yun Deng
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ivan Molano
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xue Xu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lingxiao Xu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Phillip Ruiz
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Quanzhen Li
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Xuebing Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaojia Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Diane L Kamen
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases and Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Gary S Gilkeson
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wu YH, Kuo CF, Hsieh AH, Hsieh HL, Chan YF, Hwang TL. Upregulation of miR-210-5p impairs dead cell clearance by macrophages through the inhibition of Sp1-and HSCARG-dependent NADPH oxidase pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:441-450. [PMID: 34197940 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The deficiency of dead cell clearance is a prominent pathogenic factor in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, the overexpression of miR-210-5p resulted in the accumulation of secondary necrotic cells (SNECs) in macrophages through the reduction of protein degradation. The upreguation of miR-210-5p inhibited NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and SNEC clearance. miR-210-5p overexpression suppressed Sp1 and HSCARG expression, and the knockdown of SP1 and HSCARG inhibited NOX expression and superoxide production in macrophages. Furthermore, patients with active SLE expressed a higher level of miR-210-5p and lower expression of SP1 and HSCARG in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In summary, our findings indicate that the upregulation of miR-210-5p increases the accumulation of SNECs through a decrease in the Sp1-and HSCARG-mediated NOX activity and ROS generation in macrophages. Our results also suggest that targeting miR-210-5p may have therapeutic potential for SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Wu
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Fu Kuo
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Ao-Ho Hsieh
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Fan Chan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Driving regeneration, instead of healing, in adult mammals: the decisive role of resident macrophages through efferocytosis. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:41. [PMID: 34344890 PMCID: PMC8333253 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue repair after lesion usually leads to scar healing and thus loss of function in adult mammals. In contrast, other adult vertebrates such as amphibians have the ability to regenerate and restore tissue homeostasis after lesion. Understanding the control of the repair outcome is thus a concerning challenge for regenerative medicine. We recently developed a model of induced tissue regeneration in adult mice allowing the comparison of the early steps of regenerative and scar healing processes. By using studies of gain and loss of function, specific cell depletion approaches, and hematopoietic chimeras we demonstrate here that tissue regeneration in adult mammals depends on an early and transient peak of granulocyte producing reactive oxygen species and an efficient efferocytosis specifically by tissue-resident macrophages. These findings highlight key and early cellular pathways able to drive tissue repair towards regeneration in adult mammals.
Collapse
|
34
|
Schulz C, Petzold T, Ishikawa-Ankerhold H. Macrophage Regulation of Granulopoiesis and Neutrophil Functions. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:182-191. [PMID: 33107319 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Neutrophils are potent effector cells of innate immunity requiring precise regulation of their numbers and functions in blood and tissues. Recent Advances: Macrophages have emerged as modulators of neutrophil properties. In inflammatory conditions, tissue macrophages modulate neutrophil trafficking and activation. Further, macrophages govern granulopoiesis in the bone marrow hematopoietic niche. Interactions of macrophages and neutrophils can be induced by cytokines and damage-associated molecular patterns, and they are also regulated by oxidative signaling. Critical Issues: We review the impact of macrophages on neutrophil development and function, and its consequences in health and disease. Future Directions: Targeting the liaison between macrophages and neutrophils might provide an interesting therapeutic strategy to reduce tissue inflammation and promote immune tolerance. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 182-191.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I., LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Petzold
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I., LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I., LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Moghadam ZM, Henneke P, Kolter J. From Flies to Men: ROS and the NADPH Oxidase in Phagocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:628991. [PMID: 33842458 PMCID: PMC8033005 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.628991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) represents an evolutionary ancient antimicrobial defense system against microorganisms. The NADPH oxidases (NOX), which are predominantly localized to endosomes, and the electron transport chain in mitochondria are the major sources of ROS. Like any powerful immunological process, ROS formation has costs, in particular collateral tissue damage of the host. Moreover, microorganisms have developed defense mechanisms against ROS, an example for an arms race between species. Thus, although NOX orthologs have been identified in organisms as diverse as plants, fruit flies, rodents, and humans, ROS functions have developed and diversified to affect a multitude of cellular properties, i.e., far beyond direct antimicrobial activity. Here, we focus on the development of NOX in phagocytic cells, where the so-called respiratory burst in phagolysosomes contributes to the elimination of ingested microorganisms. Yet, NOX participates in cellular signaling in a cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic manner, e.g., via the release of ROS into the extracellular space. Accordingly, in humans, the inherited deficiency of NOX components is characterized by infections with bacteria and fungi and a seemingly independently dysregulated inflammatory response. Since ROS have both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, their tight regulation in space and time is required for an efficient and well-balanced immune response, which allows for the reestablishment of tissue homeostasis. In addition, distinct NOX homologs expressed by non-phagocytic cells and mitochondrial ROS are interlinked with phagocytic NOX functions and thus affect the overall redox state of the tissue and the cellular activity in a complex fashion. Overall, the systematic and comparative analysis of cellular ROS functions in organisms of lower complexity provides clues for understanding the contribution of ROS and ROS deficiency to human health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mansoori Moghadam
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Henneke
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Kolter
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Iwamoto KS, Sandstrom RE, Bryan M, Liu Y, Elgart SR, Sheng K, Steinberg ML, McBride WH, Low DA. Weak Magnetic Fields Enhance the Efficacy of Radiation Therapy. Adv Radiat Oncol 2021; 6:100645. [PMID: 33748547 PMCID: PMC7966835 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2021.100645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The clinical efficacy of radiation therapy is mechanistically linked to ionization-induced free radicals that cause cell and tissue injury through direct and indirect mechanisms. Free radical reaction dynamics are influenced by many factors and can be manipulated by static weak magnetic fields (WMF) that perturb singlet-triplet state interconversion. Our study exploits this phenomenon to directly increase ionizing radiation (IR) dose absorption in tumors by combining WMF with radiation therapy as a new and effective method to improve treatment. Methods and Materials Coils were custom made to produce both homogeneous and gradient magnetic fields. The gradient coil enabled simultaneous in vitro assessment of free radical/reactive oxygen species reactivity across multiple field strengths from 6 to 66 G. First, increases in IR-induced free radical concentrations using oxidant-sensitive fluorescent dyes in a cell-free system were measured and verified. Next, human and murine cancer cell lines were evaluated in in vitro and in vivo models after exposure to clinically relevant doses of IR in combination with WMF. Results Cellular responses to IR and WMF were field strength and cell line dependent. WMF was able to enhance IR effects on reactive oxygen species formation, DNA double-strand break formation, cell death, and tumor growth. Conclusions We demonstrate that the external presence of a magnetic field enhances radiation-induced cancer cell injury and death in vitro and in vivo. The effect extends beyond the timeframe when free radicals are induced in the presence of radiation into the window when endogenous free radicals are produced and therefore extends the applicability of this novel adjunct to cancer therapy in the context of radiation treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke S Iwamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Mark Bryan
- Mark Bryan & Company LLC, Arcadia, California
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - S Robin Elgart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ke Sheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael L Steinberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - William H McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel A Low
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lin W, Shen P, Song Y, Huang Y, Tu S. Reactive Oxygen Species in Autoimmune Cells: Function, Differentiation, and Metabolism. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635021. [PMID: 33717180 PMCID: PMC7946999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly contribute to biomacromolecule damage and influence various inflammatory responses. Reactive oxygen species act as mediator between innate and adaptive immune cells, thereby influencing the antigen-presenting process that results in T cell activation. Evidence from patients with chronic granulomatous disease and mouse models support the function of ROS in preventing abnormal autoimmunity; for example, by supporting maintenance of macrophage efferocytosis and T helper 1/T helper 2 and T helper 17/ regulatory T cell balance. The failure of many anti-oxidation treatments indicates that ROS cannot be considered entirely harmful. Indeed, enhancement of ROS may sometimes be required. In a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), absence of NOX2-derived ROS led to higher prevalence and more severe symptoms. In patients with RA, naïve CD4+ T cells exhibit inhibited glycolysis and enhanced pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity, leading to ROS exhaustion. In this "reductive" state, CD4+ T cell immune homeostasis is disrupted, triggering joint destruction, together with oxidative stress in the synovium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiji Lin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqin Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cooper KN, Bagaitkar J. Altruistic death: Neutrophil apoptosis maintains gingival health. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1497-1499. [PMID: 32531810 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ce0520-122r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Discussion on targeting LXR and PPAR agonists as therapeutic alternatives to ustekinumab therapy in LAD-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelley N Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Juhi Bagaitkar
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lawrence SM, Corriden R, Nizet V. How Neutrophils Meet Their End. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:531-544. [PMID: 32303452 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil death can transpire via diverse pathways and is regulated by interactions with commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, environmental exposures, and cell age. At steady state, neutrophil turnover and replenishment are continually maintained via a delicate balance between host-mediated responses and microbial forces. Disruptions in this equilibrium directly impact neutrophil numbers in circulation, cell trafficking, antimicrobial defenses, and host well-being. How neutrophils meet their end is physiologically important and can result in different immunologic consequences. Whereas nonlytic forms of neutrophil death typically elicit anti-inflammatory responses and promote healing, pathways ending with cell membrane rupture may incite deleterious proinflammatory responses, which can exacerbate local tissue injury, lead to chronic inflammation, or precipitate autoimmunity. This review seeks to provide a contemporary analysis of mechanisms of neutrophil death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelley M Lawrence
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Ross Corriden
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Victor Nizet
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Colbert JD, Cruz FM, Rock KL. Cross-presentation of exogenous antigens on MHC I molecules. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 64:1-8. [PMID: 31927332 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In order to get recognized by CD8 T cells, most cells present peptides from endogenously expressed self or foreign proteins on MHC class I molecules. However, specialized antigen-presenting cells, such as DCs and macrophages, can present exogenous antigen on MHC-I in a process called cross-presentation. This pathway plays key roles in antimicrobial and antitumor immunity, and also immune tolerance. Recent advances have broadened our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of cross-presentation. Here, we review some of these recent advances, including the distinct pathways that result in the cross-priming of CD8 T cells and the source of the class I molecules presenting exogenous peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff D Colbert
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States
| | - Freidrich M Cruz
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States
| | - Kenneth L Rock
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Güngör T, Chiesa R. Cellular Therapies in Chronic Granulomatous Disease. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:327. [PMID: 32676488 PMCID: PMC7333593 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has become the main curative treatment in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). CGD is caused by inherited defects of the phagolysomal NADPH-oxidase, leading to a lifelong propensity for invasive infections and granulomatous inflammation. After successful allogeneic HSCT, chronic infections and inflammation resolve and quality-of-life improves. Favorable long-term outcome after HSCT is dependent on the prevention of primary and secondary graft failure (GF), including falling myeloid donor chimerism (DC) below 10 %, and chronic graft-vs.-host-disease (cGVHD). The risk of GF and GvHD increases with the use of HLA-incompatible donors and this may outweigh the benefits of HSCT, mainly in patients with severe co-morbidities and in asymptomatic patients with residual NADPH-oxidase function. Seventeen scientific papers have reported on a total of 386 CGD-patients treated by HSCT with HLA-matched family/sibling (MFD/MSD), 9/10-/10/10-matched-unrelated volunteer (MUD) and cord blood donors. The median OS/EFS-rate of these 17 studies was 91 and 82%, respectively. The median rates of GF, cGVHD and de-novo autoimmune diseases were 14, 10, and 12%, respectively. Results after MFD/MSD and 10/10-MUD-transplants were rather similar, but outcome in adults with significant co-morbidities and after transplants with 9/10 HLA-MUD were less successful, mainly due to increased GF and chronic GVHD. Transplantation protocols using T-cell depleted haploidentical donors with post-transplant cyclophosphamide or TCR-alpha/beta depletion have recently reported promising results. Autologous gene-therapy after lentiviral transduction of HSC achieved OS/EFS-rates of 78/67%, respectively. Careful retrospective and prospective studies are mandatory to ascertain the most effective cellular therapies in patients with CGD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayfun Güngör
- Department of Immunology, Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Chiesa
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wirestam L, Arve S, Linge P, Bengtsson AA. Neutrophils-Important Communicators in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2734. [PMID: 31824510 PMCID: PMC6882868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are two autoimmune diseases that can occur together or separately. Insights into the pathogenesis have revealed similarities, such as development of autoantibodies targeting subcellular antigens as well as a shared increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity, potentially due to mutual pathologic mechanisms. In this review, we will address the evidence implicating neutrophils in the pathogenesis of these conditions, highlighting their shared features. The neutrophil is the most abundant leukocyte, recognized for its role in infectious and inflammatory diseases, but dysregulation of neutrophil effector functions, including phagocytosis, oxidative burst and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may also contribute to an autoimmune process. The phenotype of neutrophils in SLE and APS differs from neutrophils of healthy individuals, where neutrophils in SLE and APS are activated and prone to aggregate. A specific subset of low-density neutrophils with different function compared to normal-density neutrophils can also be found within the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) fraction after density gradient centrifugation of whole blood. Neutrophil phagocytosis is required for regular clearance of cell remnants and nuclear material. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) released by neutrophils during oxidative burst are important for immune suppression and impairment of ROS production is seen in SLE. NETs mediate pathology in both SLE and APS via several mechanisms, including exposure of autoantigens, priming of T-cells and activation of autoreactive B-cells. NETs are also involved in cardiovascular events by forming a pro-thrombotic scaffolding surface. Lastly, neutrophils communicate with other cells by producing cytokines, such as Interferon (IFN) -α, and via direct cell-cell contact. Physiological neutrophil effector functions are necessary to prevent autoimmunity, but in SLE and APS these are altered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wirestam
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sabine Arve
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petrus Linge
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders A Bengtsson
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Urbonaviciute V, Luo H, Sjöwall C, Bengtsson A, Holmdahl R. Low Production of Reactive Oxygen Species Drives Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:826-835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
44
|
Hahn J, Euler M, Kilgus E, Kienhöfer D, Stoof J, Knopf J, Hahn M, Harrer T, Hultqvist M, Olofsson P, Mokhir A, Holmdahl R, Herrmann M, Schett G, Muñoz LE, Hoffmann MH. NOX2 mediates quiescent handling of dead cell remnants in phagocytes. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101279. [PMID: 31349119 PMCID: PMC6669319 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The phagocyte NADPH oxidase (the NOX2 complex) generates superoxide, the precursor to reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS possess both antimicrobial and immunoregulatory function. Inactivating mutations in alleles of the NOX2 complex cause chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), characterized by an enhanced susceptibility to infections and autoimmune diseases such as Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The latter is characterized by insufficient removal of dead cells, resulting in an autoimmune response against components of the cell's nucleus when non-cleared apoptotic cells lose their membrane integrity and present autoantigenic molecules in an inflammatory context. Here we aimed to shed light on the role of the NOX2 complex in handling of secondary necrotic cells (SNECs) and associated consequences for inflammation and autoimmunity during lupus. We show that individuals with SLE and CGD display accumulation of SNECs in blood monocytes and neutrophils. In a CGD phenotypic mouse strain (Ncf1** mice) build-up of SNECs in Ly6CHI blood monocytes was connected with a delayed degradation of the phagosomal cargo and accompanied by production of inflammatory mediators. Treatment with H2O2 or activators of ROS-formation reconstituted phagosomal abundance of SNECs to normal levels. Induction of experimental lupus further induced increased antibody-dependent uptake of SNECs into neutrophils. Lupus-primed Ncf1** neutrophils took up more SNECs than wild type neutrophils, whereas SNEC-accumulation in regulatory Ly6C−/LO monocytes was lower in Ncf1**mice. We deduce that the inflammatory rerouting of immune-stimulatory necrotic material into inflammatory phagocyte subsets contributes to the connection between low ROS production by the NOX2 complex and SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Hahn
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilien Euler
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Emelie Kilgus
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Deborah Kienhöfer
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Stoof
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Madelaine Hahn
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Harrer
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Peter Olofsson
- Redoxis/Pronoxis AB, Medicon Village Lund, Sweden; Section of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andriy Mokhir
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Section of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luis E Muñoz
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus H Hoffmann
- Department of Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nauseef WM. The phagocyte NOX2 NADPH oxidase in microbial killing and cell signaling. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 60:130-140. [PMID: 31302569 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The phagocyte NADPH oxidase possesses a transmembrane electron transferase comprised of gp91phox (aka NOX2) and p22phox and two multicomponent cytosolic complexes, which in stimulated phagocytes translocate to assemble a functional enzyme complex at plasma or phagosomal membranes. The NOX2-centered NADPH oxidase shuttles electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH to molecular oxygen in phagosomes or the extracellular space to produce oxidants that support optimal antimicrobial activity by phagocytes. Additionally, NOX2-generated oxidants have been implicated in both autocrine and paracrine signaling in a variety of biological contexts. However, when interpreting experimental results, investigators must recognize the complexity inherent in the biochemistry of oxidant-mediated attack of microbial targets and the technical limitations of the probes currently used to detect intracellular oxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William M Nauseef
- Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 501 EMRB, 431 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Dinauer MC. Inflammatory consequences of inherited disorders affecting neutrophil function. Blood 2019; 133:2130-2139. [PMID: 30898864 PMCID: PMC6524563 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-844563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiencies affecting the function of neutrophils and other phagocytic leukocytes are notable for an increased susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections as a result of impaired leukocyte recruitment, ingestion, and/or killing of microbes. The underlying molecular defects can also impact other innate immune responses to infectious and inflammatory stimuli, leading to inflammatory and autoimmune complications that are not always directly related to infection. This review will provide an update on congenital disorders affecting neutrophil function in which a combination of host defense and inflammatory complications are prominent, including nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate oxidase defects in chronic granulomatous disease and β2 integrin defects in leukocyte adhesion deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Dinauer
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zeng MY, Miralda I, Armstrong CL, Uriarte SM, Bagaitkar J. The roles of NADPH oxidase in modulating neutrophil effector responses. Mol Oral Microbiol 2019; 34:27-38. [PMID: 30632295 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are phagocytic innate immune cells essential for killing bacteria via activation of a wide variety of effector responses and generation of large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Majority of the ROS in neutrophils is generated by activation of the superoxide-generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. Independent of their anti-microbial function, NADPH oxidase-derived ROS have emerged as key regulators of host immune responses and neutrophilic inflammation. Data from patients with inherited defects in the NADPH oxidase subunit alleles that ablate its enzyme function as well as mouse models demonstrate profound dysregulation of host inflammatory responses, neutrophil hyper-activation and tissue damage in response to microbial ligands or tissue trauma. A large body of literature now demonstrates how oxidants function as essential signaling molecules that are essential for the regulation of neutrophil responses during priming, degranulation, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and apoptosis, independent of their role in microbial killing. In this review we summarize how NADPH oxidase-derived oxidants modulate neutrophil function in a cell intrinsic manner and regulate host inflammatory responses. In addition, we summarize studies that have elucidated possible roles of oxidants in neutrophilic responses within the oral mucosa and periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melody Y Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics and Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York
| | - Irina Miralda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Cortney L Armstrong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Juhi Bagaitkar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Assays based on ectopic expression of NOX NADPH oxidase subunits in heterologous mammalian cells are an important approach for investigating features of this family of enzymes. These model systems have been used to analyze the biosynthesis and functional domains of NOX enzyme components as well as their regulation and cellular activities. This chapter provides an overview of the basic principles and applications of heterologous whole cell assays in studying NOX NADPH oxidases.
Collapse
|