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Qi Y, Yuan L, Zeng J, Wang X, Ma L, Lv J. Morphological identification and distribution comparison of telocytes in pituitary gland between normal and cryptorchid yaks. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:463. [PMID: 39394144 PMCID: PMC11468414 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telocytes (TCs) is a novel type of interstitial cells in many mammals organs, which participate in the organizational metabolism, mechanical support, immunomodulation and other aspects. The aim of this study was to explore the organizational chemical characteristics of TCs in pituitary gland and their changes in cryptorchid yaks. METHODS Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), toluidine blue staining, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting may enable us to understand TCs distribution characteristics and biological functions. RESULT TEM confirmed the presence of TCs in the pituitary gland with small bodies and moniliform telopodes (Tps). The Tps extending out from the cell body to the peri-sinusoidal vessels spaces, the number of Tps is closely related to the morphology of the nucleus. The most obvious changes of TCs in the pituitary gland of cryptorchid yaks is the Tps are relatively shorter and decreased secretory vesicles. H.E. and toluidine blue staining revealed that TCs not only distributed between the sinusoidal blood vessels and the glandular cell clusters, but also present on the surface of vascular endothelial cells. The co-expression of TCs biomarkers, such as Vimentin/CD34, CD117/CD34 and α-SMA/CD34, were evaluated by immunofluorescence to further determine the phenotypic characteristics of TCs. Besides, we analyzed the mRNA and protein expression of these biomarkers to determine the characteristics of TCs changes and possible biological roles. Both the mRNA and protein expression of CD117 were significantly higher in the pituitary gland of cryptorchid yaks than in the normal (p < 0.01), the protein expression of CD34 in the cryptorchid yaks was significantly higher than the normal (p < 0.01). There were no significant difference in mRNA expression of Vimentin and α-SMA (p>0.05), while the protein expression were significantly increased in the normal yaks (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In summary, this study reports for the first time that the biological characteristics of TCs in yak pituitary gland. Although there is no significant change in the distribution characteristics, the changes in biological features of TCs in cryptorchid yaks are clear, suggesting that TCs participated in alteration in the local microenvironment of the pituitary gland. Therefore, our study provides clues for further investigating the role of TCs in the pituitary gland during the occurrence of cryptorchidism in yaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Jianlin Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaofen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Long Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jinghan Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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2
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Gunage R, Zon LI. Role of RNA modifications in blood development and regeneration. Exp Hematol 2024; 138:104279. [PMID: 39009277 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Blood development and regeneration require rapid turnover of cells, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) modifications play a key role in it via regulating stemness and cell fate regulation. RNA modifications affect gene activity via posttranscriptional and translation-mediated mechanisms. Diverse molecular players involved in RNA-modification processes are abundantly expressed by hematopoietic stem cells and lineages. Close to 150 RNA chemical modifications have been reported, but only N6-methyl adenosine (m6A), inosine (I), pseudouridine (Ψ), and m1A-a handful-have been studied in-cell fate regulation. The role of RNA modification in blood diseases and disorders is an emerging field and offers potential for therapeutic interventions. Knowledge of RNA-modification and enzymatic activities could be used to design therapies in the future. Here, we summarized the recent advances in RNA modification and the epitranscriptome field and discussed their regulation of blood development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Gunage
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA.
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3
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Li Z, Yao X, Zhang J, Yang J, Ni J, Wang Y. Exploring the bone marrow micro environment in thalassemia patients: potential therapeutic alternatives. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403458. [PMID: 39161767 PMCID: PMC11330836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations in the β-globin gene lead to a decrease or removal of the β-globin chain, causing the build-up of unstable alpha-hemoglobin. This condition is referred to as beta-thalassemia (BT). The present treatment strategies primarily target the correction of defective erythropoiesis, with a particular emphasis on gene therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, the presence of inefficient erythropoiesis in BT bone marrow (BM) is likely to disturb the previously functioning BM microenvironment. This includes accumulation of various macromolecules, damage to hematopoietic function, destruction of bone cell production and damage to osteoblast(OBs), and so on. In addition, the changes of BT BM microenvironment may have a certain correlation with the occurrence of hematological malignancies. Correction of the microenvironment can be achieved through treatments such as iron chelation, antioxidants, hypoglycemia, and biologics. Hence, This review describes damage in the BT BM microenvironment and some potential remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengzheng Li
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiangmei Yao
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinghui Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junxue Ni
- Hospital Office, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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4
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Gorur V, Kranc KR, Ganuza M, Telfer P. Haematopoietic stem cell health in sickle cell disease and its implications for stem cell therapies and secondary haematological disorders. Blood Rev 2024; 63:101137. [PMID: 37919142 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Gene modification of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a potentially curative approach to sickle cell disease (SCD) and offers hope for patients who are not eligible for allogeneic HSC transplantation. Current approaches require in vitro manipulation of healthy autologous HSC prior to their transplantation. However, the health and integrity of HSCs may be compromised by a variety of disease processes in SCD, and challenges have emerged in the clinical trials of gene therapy. There is also concern about increased susceptibility to haematological malignancies during long-term follow up of patients, and this raises questions about genomic stability in the stem cell compartment. In this review, we evaluate the evidence for HSC deficits in SCD and then discuss their potential causation. Finally, we suggest several questions which need to be addressed in order to progress with successful HSC manipulation for gene therapy in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishaka Gorur
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Kamil R Kranc
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Miguel Ganuza
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Paul Telfer
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, E1 2AT, UK.
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5
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Sundaram B, Pandian N, Mall R, Wang Y, Sarkar R, Kim HJ, Malireddi RKS, Karki R, Janke LJ, Vogel P, Kanneganti TD. NLRP12-PANoptosome activates PANoptosis and pathology in response to heme and PAMPs. Cell 2023; 186:2783-2801.e20. [PMID: 37267949 PMCID: PMC10330523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic innate immune sensors are critical for host defense and form complexes, such as inflammasomes and PANoptosomes, that induce inflammatory cell death. The sensor NLRP12 is associated with infectious and inflammatory diseases, but its activating triggers and roles in cell death and inflammation remain unclear. Here, we discovered that NLRP12 drives inflammasome and PANoptosome activation, cell death, and inflammation in response to heme plus PAMPs or TNF. TLR2/4-mediated signaling through IRF1 induced Nlrp12 expression, which led to inflammasome formation to induce maturation of IL-1β and IL-18. The inflammasome also served as an integral component of a larger NLRP12-PANoptosome that drove inflammatory cell death through caspase-8/RIPK3. Deletion of Nlrp12 protected mice from acute kidney injury and lethality in a hemolytic model. Overall, we identified NLRP12 as an essential cytosolic sensor for heme plus PAMPs-mediated PANoptosis, inflammation, and pathology, suggesting that NLRP12 and molecules in this pathway are potential drug targets for hemolytic and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Sundaram
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Nagakannan Pandian
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Raghvendra Mall
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yaqiu Wang
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Roman Sarkar
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | | | - Rajendra Karki
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Laura J Janke
- Animal Resources Center and the Veterinary Pathology Core, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Peter Vogel
- Animal Resources Center and the Veterinary Pathology Core, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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Theodoris CV, Xiao L, Chopra A, Chaffin MD, Al Sayed ZR, Hill MC, Mantineo H, Brydon EM, Zeng Z, Liu XS, Ellinor PT. Transfer learning enables predictions in network biology. Nature 2023; 618:616-624. [PMID: 37258680 PMCID: PMC10949956 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mapping gene networks requires large amounts of transcriptomic data to learn the connections between genes, which impedes discoveries in settings with limited data, including rare diseases and diseases affecting clinically inaccessible tissues. Recently, transfer learning has revolutionized fields such as natural language understanding1,2 and computer vision3 by leveraging deep learning models pretrained on large-scale general datasets that can then be fine-tuned towards a vast array of downstream tasks with limited task-specific data. Here, we developed a context-aware, attention-based deep learning model, Geneformer, pretrained on a large-scale corpus of about 30 million single-cell transcriptomes to enable context-specific predictions in settings with limited data in network biology. During pretraining, Geneformer gained a fundamental understanding of network dynamics, encoding network hierarchy in the attention weights of the model in a completely self-supervised manner. Fine-tuning towards a diverse panel of downstream tasks relevant to chromatin and network dynamics using limited task-specific data demonstrated that Geneformer consistently boosted predictive accuracy. Applied to disease modelling with limited patient data, Geneformer identified candidate therapeutic targets for cardiomyopathy. Overall, Geneformer represents a pretrained deep learning model from which fine-tuning towards a broad range of downstream applications can be pursued to accelerate discovery of key network regulators and candidate therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina V Theodoris
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative and Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School Genetics Training Program, Boston, USA.
| | - Ling Xiao
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative and Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anant Chopra
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Bayer US LLC, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark D Chaffin
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative and Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zeina R Al Sayed
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative and Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew C Hill
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative and Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helene Mantineo
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative and Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Zexian Zeng
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - X Shirley Liu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative and Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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7
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Yang D, Yuan L, Chen S, Zhang Y, Ma X, Xing Y, Song J. Morphological and histochemical identification of telocytes in adult yak epididymis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5295. [PMID: 37002252 PMCID: PMC10066225 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Telocytes (TCs) are a newly discovered type of mesenchymal cell that are closely related to the tissue's internal environment. The study aimed to investigate the morphological identification of TCs in the epididymis of adult yak and their role in the local microenvironment. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and western blotting were used to analyze the cell morphology of TCs. The results showed that there are two types of TCs in the epididymal stroma of yak by TEM; one type is distributed around the capillaries with full cell bodies, longer TPs, and a large number of secretory vesicles; the other is distributed outside the basement membrane with irregularly long, striped, large nuclei and short telopodes (TPs). In addition, these TCs formed complex TC cell networks through TPs with epididymal interstitial capillaries and basal fibroblasts. TCs often appear near the capillaries and basement membrane by special staining. The surface markers of TCs (CD34, vimentin, and CD117) were positively expressed in the epididymal stroma and epithelium by immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence co-expression of vimentin + CD34 and CD117 + CD34 was observed on the surface of TCs. The trends in the mRNA and protein expression of TCs surface markers revealed expression was highest in the caput epididymis. In summary, this is first report of TCs in the epididymis of yak, and two phenotypes of TCs were observed. The existence and distribution characteristics of TCs in the epididymis of plateau yaks provide important clues for further study of the adaptation to reproductive function in the plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Reproductive Regulation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Reproductive Regulation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Shaoyu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Reproductive Regulation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yindi Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Juanjuan Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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8
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Peng Y, Liang L, Zhang H, Liu H, Zhang G, Sun S, Guo X, Wang Y, Hu B, Liu R, Li Y, Nie L, Zhang J, Ye M, Ginzburg YZ, Lin Z, Yin B, Chen H, Liu J. Single-cell profiling of ineffective erythropoiesis in a mouse model of β-thalassaemia intermedia. Br J Haematol 2023; 201:982-994. [PMID: 36872867 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Beta-thalassaemia is an inherited haemoglobin disorder characterised by ineffective erythropoiesis (IE). The detailed pathogenesis of IE remains unclear. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to examine IE in Th3/+ β-thalassaemic mice. The results showed that the erythroid group was remarkably expanded, and genes involved in biological processes such as iron metabolism, haeme synthesis, protein folding, and response to heat were significantly upregulated from erythroid progenitors to reticulocytes in β-thalassaemic mice. In particular, we identified a unique cell population close to reticulocytes, named ThReticulocytes, characterised by a high level of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression and dysregulation of iron metabolism and haeme synthesis signalling. Treatment of β-thalassaemic mice with the haeme oxygenase inhibitor tin-mesoporphyrin effectively improved the iron disorder and IE, and the ThReticulocyte population and Hsp70 expression were significantly suppressed. This study revealed in detail the progression of IE at the single-cell level and possibly provided clues to find therapeutic targets in thalassaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliang Peng
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Long Liang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haihang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanxiong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuming Sun
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianfeng Guo
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanpeng Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Nie
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yelena Z Ginzburg
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Zhong Lin
- Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Biao Yin
- Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Huiyong Chen
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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Sreenivasan VKA, Henck J, Spielmann M. Single-cell sequencing: promises and challenges for human genetics. MED GENET-BERLIN 2022; 34:261-273. [PMID: 38836091 PMCID: PMC11006387 DOI: 10.1515/medgen-2022-2156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Over the last decade, single-cell sequencing has transformed many fields. It has enabled the unbiased molecular phenotyping of even whole organisms with unprecedented cellular resolution. In the field of human genetics, where the phenotypic consequences of genetic and epigenetic alterations are of central concern, this transformative technology promises to functionally annotate every region in the human genome and all possible variants within them at a massive scale. In this review aimed at the clinicians in human genetics, we describe the current status of the field of single-cell sequencing and its role for human genetics, including how the technology works as well as how it is being applied to characterize and monitor diseases, to develop human cell atlases, and to annotate the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun K A Sreenivasan
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck and Kiel University, 23562 Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jana Henck
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck and Kiel University, 23562 Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Human Molecular Genomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck and Kiel University, 23562 Lübeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Human Molecular Genomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK e. V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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10
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Jia R, Ji M, Li G, Xia Y, Guo S, Li P, Sun Y, Lu F, Zhang J, Zang S, Yan S, Ye J, Xue F, Ma D, Sun T, Ji C. Subclones of bone marrow CD34 + cells in acute myeloid leukemia at diagnosis confer responses of patients to induction chemotherapy. Cancer 2022; 128:3929-3942. [PMID: 36197314 PMCID: PMC9828578 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy with a prognosis that varies with genetic heterogeneity of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and anthracycline has been the standard care for newly diagnosed AML, but about 30% of patients have no response to this regimen. The resistance mechanisms require deeper understanding. METHODS In our study, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we analyzed the heterogeneity of bone marrow CD34+ cells from newly diagnosed patients with AML who were then divided into sensitive and resistant groups according to their responses to induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and anthracycline. We verified our findings by TCGA database, GEO datasets, and multiparameter flow cytometry. RESULTS We established a landscape for AML CD34+ cells and identified HSPC types based on the lineage signature genes. Interestingly, we found a cell population with CRIP1high LGALS1high S100Ashigh showing features of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors was associated with poor prognosis of AML. And two cell populations marked by CD34+ CD52+ or CD34+ CD74+ DAP12+ were related to good response to induction therapy, showing characteristics of hematopoietic stem cells. CONCLUSION Our study indicates the subclones of CD34+ cells confers for outcomes of AML and provides biomarkers to predict the response of patients with AML to induction chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruinan Jia
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Min Ji
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Guosheng Li
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina,Shandong Key Laboratory of ImmunohematologyQilu HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yuan Xia
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Shouhui Guo
- Department of BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina,National Institute of Health Data Science of ChinaShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Peng Li
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yanping Sun
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Fei Lu
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Jingru Zhang
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Shaolei Zang
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Shuxin Yan
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Jingjing Ye
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina,Shandong Key Laboratory of ImmunohematologyQilu HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- Department of BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina,National Institute of Health Data Science of ChinaShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Daoxin Ma
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina,Shandong Key Laboratory of ImmunohematologyQilu HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina,Shandong Key Laboratory of ImmunohematologyQilu HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Chunyan Ji
- Department of HematologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina,Shandong Key Laboratory of ImmunohematologyQilu HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina
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11
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Ferrall-Fairbanks MC, Dhawan A, Johnson B, Newman H, Volpe V, Letson C, Ball M, Hunter AM, Balasis ME, Kruer T, Ben-Crentsil NA, Kroeger JL, Balderas R, Komrokji RS, Sallman DA, Zhang J, Bejar R, Altrock PM, Padron E. Progenitor Hierarchy of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia Identifies Inflammatory Monocytic-Biased Trajectory Linked to Worse Outcomes. Blood Cancer Discov 2022; 3:536-553. [PMID: 36053528 PMCID: PMC9627238 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-21-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloblast expansion is a hallmark of disease progression and comprises CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC). How this compartment evolves during disease progression in chronic myeloid neoplasms is unknown. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and high-parameter flow cytometry, we show that chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) CD34+ HSPC can be classified into three differentiation trajectories: monocytic, megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor (MEP), and normal-like. Hallmarks of monocytic-biased trajectory were enrichment of CD120b+ inflammatory granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP)-like cells, activated cytokine receptor signaling, phenotypic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) depletion, and adverse outcomes. Cytokine receptor diversity was generally an adverse feature and elevated in CD120b+ GMPs. Hypomethylating agents decreased monocytic-biased cells in CMML patients. Given the enrichment of RAS pathway mutations in monocytic-biased cells, NRAS-competitive transplants and LPS-treated xenograft models recapitulated monocytic-biased CMML, suggesting that hematopoietic stress precipitates the monocytic-biased state. Deconvolution of HSPC compartments in other myeloid neoplasms and identifying therapeutic strategies to mitigate the monocytic-biased differentiation trajectory should be explored. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings establish that multiple differentiation states underlie CMML disease progression. These states are negatively augmented by inflammation and positively affected by hypomethylating agents. Furthermore, we identify HSC depletion and expansion of GMP-like cells with increased cytokine receptor diversity as a feature of myeloblast expansion in inflammatory chronic myeloid neoplasms. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan C. Ferrall-Fairbanks
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Abhishek Dhawan
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Brian Johnson
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Hannah Newman
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Virginia Volpe
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Christopher Letson
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Markus Ball
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anthony M. Hunter
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Maria E. Balasis
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Traci Kruer
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Jodi L. Kroeger
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Rami S. Komrokji
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - David A. Sallman
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jing Zhang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Rafael Bejar
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, California
| | - Philipp M. Altrock
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Evolutionary Theory, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Ploen, Germany
| | - Eric Padron
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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12
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Meléndez AV, Velasco Cárdenas RMH, Lagies S, Strietz J, Siukstaite L, Thomas OS, Tomisch J, Weber W, Kammerer B, Römer W, Minguet S. Novel lectin-based chimeric antigen receptors target Gb3-positive tumour cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:513. [PMID: 36097202 PMCID: PMC9468074 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The link between cancer and aberrant glycosylation has recently become evident. Glycans and their altered forms, known as tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), are diverse, complex and difficult to target therapeutically. Lectins are naturally occurring glycan-binding proteins that offer a unique opportunity to recognise TACAs. T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have proven to be a successful immunotherapy against leukaemias, but so far have shown limited success in solid tumours. We developed a panel of lectin-CARs that recognise the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), which is overexpressed in various cancers, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, colorectal, breast and pancreatic. We have selected the following lectins: Shiga toxin's B-subunit from Shigella dysenteriae, LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the engineered lectin Mitsuba from Mytilus galloprovincialis as antigen-binding domains and fused them to a well-known second-generation CAR. The Gb3-binding lectin-CARs have demonstrated target-specific cytotoxicity against Burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines as well as solid tumour cells from colorectal and triple-negative breast cancer. Our findings reveal the big potential of lectin-based CARs as therapeutical applications to target Gb3 and other TACAs expressed in haematological malignancies and solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Valeria Meléndez
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS, Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19a, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rubí M-H Velasco Cárdenas
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS, Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Lagies
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79102, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Lina Siukstaite
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS, Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver S Thomas
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS, Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19a, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jana Tomisch
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS, Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS, Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19a, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79102, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Signalling Analysis, University of Freiburg, Habsburgerstraße 49, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- CIBSS, Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19a, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Susana Minguet
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- CIBSS, Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19a, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany.
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Aprile A, Sighinolfi S, Raggi L, Ferrari G. Targeting the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche in β-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050592. [PMID: 35631417 PMCID: PMC9146437 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, research on pathophysiology and therapeutic solutions for β-thalassemia (BThal) and sickle cell disease (SCD) has been mostly focused on the primary erythroid defect, thus neglecting the study of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. The quality and engraftment of HSCs depend on the BM microenvironment, influencing the outcome of HSC transplantation (HSCT) both in allogeneic and in autologous gene therapy settings. In BThal and SCD, the consequences of severe anemia alter erythropoiesis and cause chronic stress in different organs, including the BM. Here, we discuss the recent findings that highlighted multiple alterations of the BM niche in BThal and SCD. We point out the importance of improving our understanding of HSC biology, the status of the BM niche, and their functional crosstalk in these disorders towards the novel concept of combined therapies by not only targeting the genetic defect, but also key players of the HSC–niche interaction in order to improve the clinical outcomes of transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Aprile
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.F.)
| | - Silvia Sighinolfi
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Raggi
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.)
- University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ferrari
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.F.)
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14
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Prime Editor 3 Mediated Beta-Thalassemia Mutations of the HBB Gene in Human Erythroid Progenitor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095002. [PMID: 35563395 PMCID: PMC9099916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently developed Prime Editor 3 (PE3) has been implemented to induce genome editing in various cell types but has not been proven in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Using PE3, we successfully installed the beta-thalassemia (beta-thal) mutations in the HBB gene in the erythroid progenitor cell line HUDEP-2. We inserted the mCherry reporter gene cassette into editing plasmids, each including the prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA) and nick sgRNA. The plasmids were electroporated into HUDEP-2 cells, and the PE3 modified cells were identified by mCherry expression and collected using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Sanger sequencing of the positive cells confirmed that PE3 induced precise beta-thal mutations with editing ratios from 4.55 to 100%. Furthermore, an off-target analysis showed no unintentional edits occurred in the cells. The editing ratios and parameters of pegRNA and nick sgRNA were also analyzed and summarized and will contribute to enhanced PE3 design in future studies. The characterization of the HUDEP-2 beta-thal cells showed typical thalassemia phenotypes, involving ineffective erythropoiesis, abnormal erythroid differentiation, high apoptosis rate, defective alpha-globin colocalization, cell viability deterioration, and ROS resisting deficiency. These HUDEP-2 beta-thal cells could provide ideal models for future beta-thal gene therapy studies.
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15
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Watt SM. The long and winding road: homeostatic and disordered haematopoietic microenvironmental niches: a narrative review. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2022; 3:31-54. [PMID: 35837343 PMCID: PMC9255786 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic microenvironmental niches have been described as the 'gatekeepers' for the blood and immune systems. These niches change during ontogeny, with the bone marrow becoming the predominant site of haematopoiesis in post-natal life under steady state conditions. To determine the structure and function of different haematopoietic microenvironmental niches, it is essential to clearly define specific haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell subsets during ontogeny and to understand their temporal appearance and anatomical positioning. A variety of haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic cells contribute to haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell niches. The latter is reported to include endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), skeletal stem cells and/or C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12-abundant-reticular cell populations, which form crucial components of these microenvironments under homeostatic conditions. Dysregulation or deterioration of such cells contributes to significant clinical disorders and diseases worldwide and is associated with the ageing process. A critical appraisal of these issues and of the roles of MSC/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12-abundant-reticular cells and the more recently identified skeletal stem cell subsets in bone marrow haematopoietic niche function under homeostatic conditions and during ageing will form the basis of this research review. In the context of haematopoiesis, clinical translation will deal with lessons learned from the vast experience garnered from the development and use of MSC therapies to treat graft versus host disease in the context of allogeneic haematopoietic transplants, the recent application of these MSC therapies to treating emerging and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, and, given that skeletal stem cell ageing is one proposed driver for haematopoietic ageing, the potential contributions of these stem cells to haematopoiesis in healthy bone marrow and the benefits and challenges of using this knowledge for rejuvenating the age-compromised bone marrow haematopoietic niches and restoring haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
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16
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Watt SM, Hua P, Roberts I. Increasing Complexity of Molecular Landscapes in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells during Development and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3675. [PMID: 35409034 PMCID: PMC8999121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The past five decades have seen significant progress in our understanding of human hematopoiesis. This has in part been due to the unprecedented development of advanced technologies, which have allowed the identification and characterization of rare subsets of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and their lineage trajectories from embryonic through to adult life. Additionally, surrogate in vitro and in vivo models, although not fully recapitulating human hematopoiesis, have spurred on these scientific advances. These approaches have heightened our knowledge of hematological disorders and diseases and have led to their improved diagnosis and therapies. Here, we review human hematopoiesis at each end of the age spectrum, during embryonic and fetal development and on aging, providing exemplars of recent progress in deciphering the increasingly complex cellular and molecular hematopoietic landscapes in health and disease. This review concludes by highlighting links between chronic inflammation and metabolic and epigenetic changes associated with aging and in the development of clonal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9BQ, UK
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide 5005, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Peng Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Irene Roberts
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
- Department of Paediatrics and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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17
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Multi-Omics Analysis in β-Thalassemia Using an HBB Gene-Knockout Human Erythroid Progenitor Cell Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052807. [PMID: 35269949 PMCID: PMC8911073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemia is a hematologic disease that may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Increased expression of HBG1/2 can ameliorate the severity of β-thalassemia. Compared to the unaffected population, some β-thalassemia patients display elevated HBG1/2 expression levels in their red blood cells. However, the magnitude of up-regulation does not reach the threshold of self-healing, and thus, the molecular mechanism underlying HBG1/2 expression in the context of HBB-deficiency requires further elucidation. Here, we performed a multi-omics study examining chromatin accessibility, transcriptome, proteome, and phosphorylation patterns in the HBB homozygous knockout of the HUDEP2 cell line (HBB-KO). We found that up-regulation of HBG1/2 in HBB-KO cells was not induced by the H3K4me3-mediated genetic compensation response. Deletion of HBB in human erythroid progenitor cells resulted in increased ROS levels and production of oxidative stress, which led to an increased rate of apoptosis. Furthermore, in response to oxidative stress, slower cell cycle progression and proliferation were observed. In addition, stress erythropoiesis was initiated leading to increased intracellular HBG1/2 expression. This molecular model was also validated in the single-cell transcriptome of hematopoietic stem cells from β-hemoglobinopathy patients. These findings further the understanding of HBG1/2 gene regulatory networks and provide novel clinical insights into β-thalassemia phenotypic diversity.
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18
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Roy A, Wang G, Iskander D, O'Byrne S, Elliott N, O'Sullivan J, Buck G, Heuston EF, Wen WX, Meira AR, Hua P, Karadimitris A, Mead AJ, Bodine DM, Roberts I, Psaila B, Thongjuea S. Transitions in lineage specification and gene regulatory networks in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells over human development. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109698. [PMID: 34525349 PMCID: PMC8456780 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human hematopoiesis is a dynamic process that starts in utero 18-21 days post-conception. Understanding the site- and stage-specific variation in hematopoiesis is important if we are to understand the origin of hematological disorders, many of which occur at specific points in the human lifespan. To unravel how the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) compartment changes during human ontogeny and the underlying gene regulatory mechanisms, we compare 57,489 HSPCs from 5 different tissues spanning 4 developmental stages through the human lifetime. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identifies significant site- and developmental stage-specific transitions in cellular architecture and gene regulatory networks. Hematopoietic stem cells show progression from cycling to quiescence and increased inflammatory signaling during ontogeny. We demonstrate the utility of this dataset for understanding aberrant hematopoiesis through comparison to two cancers that present at distinct time points in postnatal life-juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, a childhood cancer, and myelofibrosis, which classically presents in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Roy
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, and MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK.
| | - Guanlin Wang
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Computational Biology, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (MRC WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Deena Iskander
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sorcha O'Byrne
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, and MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Natalina Elliott
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, and MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Jennifer O'Sullivan
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Gemma Buck
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, and MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Elisabeth F Heuston
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA
| | - Wei Xiong Wen
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Computational Biology, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (MRC WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Alba Rodriguez Meira
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Centre for Computational Biology, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (MRC WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Peng Hua
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Anastasios Karadimitris
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Adam J Mead
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - David M Bodine
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA
| | - Irene Roberts
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, and MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Bethan Psaila
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK.
| | - Supat Thongjuea
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; Centre for Computational Biology, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (MRC WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
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Bode D, Cull AH, Rubio-Lara JA, Kent DG. Exploiting Single-Cell Tools in Gene and Cell Therapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702636. [PMID: 34322133 PMCID: PMC8312222 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell molecular tools have been developed at an incredible pace over the last five years as sequencing costs continue to drop and numerous molecular assays have been coupled to sequencing readouts. This rapid period of technological development has facilitated the delineation of individual molecular characteristics including the genome, transcriptome, epigenome, and proteome of individual cells, leading to an unprecedented resolution of the molecular networks governing complex biological systems. The immense power of single-cell molecular screens has been particularly highlighted through work in systems where cellular heterogeneity is a key feature, such as stem cell biology, immunology, and tumor cell biology. Single-cell-omics technologies have already contributed to the identification of novel disease biomarkers, cellular subsets, therapeutic targets and diagnostics, many of which would have been undetectable by bulk sequencing approaches. More recently, efforts to integrate single-cell multi-omics with single cell functional output and/or physical location have been challenging but have led to substantial advances. Perhaps most excitingly, there are emerging opportunities to reach beyond the description of static cellular states with recent advances in modulation of cells through CRISPR technology, in particular with the development of base editors which greatly raises the prospect of cell and gene therapies. In this review, we provide a brief overview of emerging single-cell technologies and discuss current developments in integrating single-cell molecular screens and performing single-cell multi-omics for clinical applications. We also discuss how single-cell molecular assays can be usefully combined with functional data to unpick the mechanism of cellular decision-making. Finally, we reflect upon the introduction of spatial transcriptomics and proteomics, its complementary role with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and potential application in cellular and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bode
- Wellcome Medical Research Council (MRC) Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alyssa H. Cull
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Juan A. Rubio-Lara
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Kent
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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The BET inhibitor CPI203 promotes ex vivo expansion of cord blood long-term repopulating HSCs and megakaryocytes. Blood 2021; 136:2410-2415. [PMID: 32599615 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cytokine-mediated expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can result in high yields of hematopoietic progenitor cells, this generally occurs at the expense of reduced bone marrow HSC repopulating ability, thereby limiting potential therapeutic applications. Because bromodomain-containing proteins (BCPs) have been demonstrated to regulate mouse HSC self-renewal and stemness, we screened small molecules targeting various BCPs as potential agents for ex vivo expansion of human HSCs. Of 10 compounds tested, only the bromodomain and extra-terminal motif inhibitor CPI203 enhanced the expansion of human cord blood HSCs without losing cell viability in vitro. The expanded cells also demonstrated improved engraftment and repopulation in serial transplantation assays. Transcriptomic and functional studies showed that the expansion of long-term repopulating HSCs was accompanied by synchronized expansion and maturation of megakaryocytes consistent with CPI203-mediated reprogramming of cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. This approach may therefore prove beneficial for ex vivo gene editing, for enhanced platelet production, and for the improved usage of cord blood for transplantation research and therapy.
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21
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Single-cell proteo-genomic reference maps of the hematopoietic system enable the purification and massive profiling of precisely defined cell states. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1577-1589. [PMID: 34811546 PMCID: PMC8642243 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell genomics technology has transformed our understanding of complex cellular systems. However, excessive cost and a lack of strategies for the purification of newly identified cell types impede their functional characterization and large-scale profiling. Here, we have generated high-content single-cell proteo-genomic reference maps of human blood and bone marrow that quantitatively link the expression of up to 197 surface markers to cellular identities and biological processes across all main hematopoietic cell types in healthy aging and leukemia. These reference maps enable the automatic design of cost-effective high-throughput cytometry schemes that outperform state-of-the-art approaches, accurately reflect complex topologies of cellular systems and permit the purification of precisely defined cell states. The systematic integration of cytometry and proteo-genomic data enables the functional capacities of precisely mapped cell states to be measured at the single-cell level. Our study serves as an accessible resource and paves the way for a data-driven era in cytometry.
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22
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Tolu SS, Wang K, Yan Z, Zhang S, Roberts K, Crouch AS, Sebastian G, Chaitowitz M, Fornari ED, Schwechter EM, Uehlinger J, Manwani D, Minniti CP, Bouhassira EE. Characterization of Hematopoiesis in Sickle Cell Disease by Prospective Isolation of Stem and Progenitor Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102159. [PMID: 32987729 PMCID: PMC7598721 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The consequences of sickle cell disease (SCD) include ongoing hematopoietic stress, hemolysis, vascular damage, and effect of chronic therapies, such as blood transfusions and hydroxyurea, on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) have been poorly characterized. We have quantified the frequencies of nine HSPC populations by flow cytometry in the peripheral blood of pediatric and adult patients, stratified by treatment and control cohorts. We observed broad differences between SCD patients and healthy controls. SCD is associated with 10 to 20-fold increase in CD34dim cells, a two to five-fold increase in CD34bright cells, a depletion in Megakaryocyte-Erythroid Progenitors, and an increase in hematopoietic stem cells, when compared to controls. SCD is also associated with abnormal expression of CD235a as well as high levels CD49f antigen expression. These findings were present to varying degrees in all patients with SCD, including those on chronic therapy and those who were therapy naive. HU treatment appeared to normalize many of these parameters. Chronic stress erythropoiesis and inflammation incited by SCD and HU therapy have long been suspected of causing premature aging of the hematopoietic system, and potentially increasing the risk of hematological malignancies. An important finding of this study was that the observed concentration of CD34bright cells and of all the HSPCs decreased logarithmically with time of treatment with HU. This correlation was independent of age and specific to HU treatment. Although the number of circulating HSPCs is influenced by many parameters, our findings suggest that HU treatment may decrease premature aging and hematologic malignancy risk compared to the other therapeutic modalities in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda S. Tolu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.T.); (A.S.C.); (G.S.); (M.C.); (C.P.M.)
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (K.W.); (Z.Y.); (S.Z.); (K.R.)
| | - Zi Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (K.W.); (Z.Y.); (S.Z.); (K.R.)
| | - Shouping Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (K.W.); (Z.Y.); (S.Z.); (K.R.)
| | - Karl Roberts
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (K.W.); (Z.Y.); (S.Z.); (K.R.)
| | - Andrew S. Crouch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.T.); (A.S.C.); (G.S.); (M.C.); (C.P.M.)
| | - Gracy Sebastian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.T.); (A.S.C.); (G.S.); (M.C.); (C.P.M.)
| | - Mark Chaitowitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.T.); (A.S.C.); (G.S.); (M.C.); (C.P.M.)
| | - Eric D. Fornari
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (E.D.F.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Evan M. Schwechter
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (E.D.F.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Joan Uehlinger
- Department of Pathology, Division of Transfusion Medicine, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY 10467, USA;
| | - Deepa Manwani
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Marrow and Blood Cell Transplantation, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY 10467, USA;
| | - Caterina P. Minniti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.T.); (A.S.C.); (G.S.); (M.C.); (C.P.M.)
| | - Eric E. Bouhassira
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (S.S.T.); (A.S.C.); (G.S.); (M.C.); (C.P.M.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (K.W.); (Z.Y.); (S.Z.); (K.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-430-2000
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23
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Psaila B, Wang G, Rodriguez-Meira A, Li R, Heuston EF, Murphy L, Yee D, Hitchcock IS, Sousos N, O'Sullivan J, Anderson S, Senis YA, Weinberg OK, Calicchio ML, Iskander D, Royston D, Milojkovic D, Roberts I, Bodine DM, Thongjuea S, Mead AJ. Single-Cell Analyses Reveal Megakaryocyte-Biased Hematopoiesis in Myelofibrosis and Identify Mutant Clone-Specific Targets. Mol Cell 2020; 78:477-492.e8. [PMID: 32386542 PMCID: PMC7217381 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myelofibrosis is a severe myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by increased numbers of abnormal bone marrow megakaryocytes that induce fibrosis, destroying the hematopoietic microenvironment. To determine the cellular and molecular basis for aberrant megakaryopoiesis in myelofibrosis, we performed single-cell transcriptome profiling of 135,929 CD34+ lineage- hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), single-cell proteomics, genomics, and functional assays. We identified a bias toward megakaryocyte differentiation apparent from early multipotent stem cells in myelofibrosis and associated aberrant molecular signatures. A sub-fraction of myelofibrosis megakaryocyte progenitors (MkPs) are transcriptionally similar to healthy-donor MkPs, but the majority are disease specific, with distinct populations expressing fibrosis- and proliferation-associated genes. Mutant-clone HSPCs have increased expression of megakaryocyte-associated genes compared to wild-type HSPCs, and we provide early validation of G6B as a potential immunotherapy target. Our study paves the way for selective targeting of the myelofibrosis clone and illustrates the power of single-cell multi-omics to discover tumor-specific therapeutic targets and mediators of tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan Psaila
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA.
| | - Guanlin Wang
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Alba Rodriguez-Meira
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Rong Li
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Elisabeth F Heuston
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA
| | - Lauren Murphy
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Daniel Yee
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Ian S Hitchcock
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Nikolaos Sousos
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Jennifer O'Sullivan
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Stacie Anderson
- NHGRI Flow Cytometry Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA
| | - Yotis A Senis
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1255, Etablissement Français du Sang Grand Est, Strasbourg 67065, France
| | - Olga K Weinberg
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Monica L Calicchio
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Deena Iskander
- Centre for Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College of Medicine, London W12 OHS, UK
| | - Daniel Royston
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Dragana Milojkovic
- Centre for Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College of Medicine, London W12 OHS, UK
| | - Irene Roberts
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David M Bodine
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA
| | - Supat Thongjuea
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Adam J Mead
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK.
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