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Lin ECY, Davis MP, Lee MS, Ma G, Xu W, Chang YI, Li WJ. Advancing immunomodulatory functions in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells through targeting the GATA6-mediated pathway. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00823-5. [PMID: 39207345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The immunomodulatory capacity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is a key feature that makes them particularly valuable for regenerative medicine. However, this potential is affected by the chronological aging of the donors and the cell expansion procedures in culture. We have demonstrated that GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6) plays a pivotal role in the aging of MSCs and inhibiting GATA6 rejuvenates the characteristics of MSCs. METHODS In this study, we compared the immunomodulatory capabilities of young and old MSC models, using induced pluripotent stem cells-derived rejuvenated MSCs (rMSCs) and their parental MSCs (pMSCs), respectively, to identify a key mechanism involved in the differential regulation of these capabilities. Additionally, we explored the role of GATA6 in mediating the mechanism. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that rMSCs exhibited downregulated aging-associated regulators, including p53, p21 and GATA6, and showed enhanced suppression of T cell proliferation compared to pMSCs. Through analyzing our previous RNA-seq data and employing target gene knockdown, we determined both suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and interleukin 6 were involved in GATA6-induced regulation, collectively affecting the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) in both pMSCs and rMSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underline the significance of the GATA6/SOCS3/PDL1 pathway in regulating aging-associated changes in MSC immunomodulatory activity, providing valuable insights into the potential use of rMSCs in the treatment of immune diseases and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chang-Yi Lin
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Madison P Davis
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ming-Song Lee
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gui Ma
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yuan-I Chang
- Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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2
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Manohar SM. Shedding Light on Intracellular Proteins using Flow Cytometry. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01338-1. [PMID: 38831173 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular protein abundance is routinely measured in mammalian cells using population-based techniques such as western blotting which fail to capture single cell protein levels or using fluorescence microscopy which is although suitable for single cell protein detection but not for rapid analysis of large no. of cells. Flow cytometry offers rapid, high-throughput, multiparameter-based analysis of intracellular protein expression in statistically significant no. of cells at single cell resolution. In past few decades, customized assays have been developed for flow cytometric detection of specific intracellular proteins. This review discusses the scope of flow cytometry for intracellular protein detection in mammalian cells along with specific applications. Technological advancements to overcome the limitations of traditional flow cytometry for the same are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal M Manohar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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3
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Summers BS, Thomas Broome S, Pang TWR, Mundell HD, Koh Belic N, Tom NC, Ng ML, Yap M, Sen MK, Sedaghat S, Weible MW, Castorina A, Lim CK, Lovelace MD, Brew BJ. A Review of the Evidence for Tryptophan and the Kynurenine Pathway as a Regulator of Stem Cell Niches in Health and Disease. Int J Tryptophan Res 2024; 17:11786469241248287. [PMID: 38757094 PMCID: PMC11097742 DOI: 10.1177/11786469241248287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are ubiquitously found in various tissues and organs in the body, and underpin the body's ability to repair itself following injury or disease initiation, though repair can sometimes be compromised. Understanding how stem cells are produced, and functional signaling systems between different niches is critical to understanding the potential use of stem cells in regenerative medicine. In this context, this review considers kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolism in multipotent adult progenitor cells, embryonic, haematopoietic, neural, cancer, cardiac and induced pluripotent stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and mesenchymal stromal cells. The KP is the major enzymatic pathway for sequentially catabolising the essential amino acid tryptophan (TRP), resulting in key metabolites including kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and quinolinic acid (QUIN). QUIN metabolism transitions into the adjoining de novo pathway for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) production, a critical cofactor in many fundamental cellular biochemical pathways. How stem cells uptake and utilise TRP varies between different species and stem cell types, because of their expression of transporters and responses to inflammatory cytokines. Several KP metabolites are physiologically active, with either beneficial or detrimental outcomes, and evidence of this is presented relating to several stem cell types, which is important as they may exert a significant impact on surrounding differentiated cells, particularly if they metabolise or secrete metabolites differently. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in mesenchymal stromal cells, for instance, highly upregulates rate-limiting enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1), initiating TRP depletion and production of metabolites including kynurenine/kynurenic acid, known agonists of the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) transcription factor. AhR transcriptionally regulates an immunosuppressive phenotype, making them attractive for regenerative therapy. We also draw attention to important gaps in knowledge for future studies, which will underpin future application for stem cell-based cellular therapies or optimising drugs which can modulate the KP in innate stem cell populations, for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Sebastian Summers
- Applied Neurosciences Program, Peter Duncan Neurosciences Research Unit, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Thomas Broome
- Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Hamish D Mundell
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales Brain Tissue Resource Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Naomi Koh Belic
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole C Tom
- Formerly of the Department of Physiology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mei Li Ng
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maylin Yap
- Formerly of the Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Monokesh K Sen
- Applied Neurosciences Program, Peter Duncan Neurosciences Research Unit, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sara Sedaghat
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael W Weible
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alessandro Castorina
- Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chai K Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael D Lovelace
- Applied Neurosciences Program, Peter Duncan Neurosciences Research Unit, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce J Brew
- Applied Neurosciences Program, Peter Duncan Neurosciences Research Unit, St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Departments of Neurology and Immunology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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4
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Szűcs D, Monostori T, Miklós V, Páhi ZG, Póliska S, Kemény L, Veréb Z. Licensing effects of inflammatory factors and TLR ligands on the regenerative capacity of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1367242. [PMID: 38606318 PMCID: PMC11007080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1367242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells are promising contributors to regenerative medicine, exhibiting the ability to regenerate tissues and modulate the immune system, which is particularly beneficial for addressing chronic inflammatory ulcers and wounds. Despite their inherent capabilities, research suggests that pretreatment amplifies therapeutic effectiveness. Methods: Our experimental design exposed adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to six inflammatory factors for 24 h. We subsequently evaluated gene expression and proteome profile alterations and observed the wound closure rate post-treatment. Results: Specific pretreatments, such as IL-1β, notably demonstrated an accelerated wound-healing process. Analysis of gene and protein expression profiles revealed alterations in pathways associated with tissue regeneration. Discussion: This suggests that licensed cells exhibit potentially higher therapeutic efficiency than untreated cells, shedding light on optimizing regenerative strategies using adipose tissue-derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diána Szűcs
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Monostori
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán G. Páhi
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-USz Skin Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Biobank, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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5
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Blitzer GC, Paz C, Glassey A, Ganz OR, Giri J, Pennati A, Meyers RO, Bates AM, Nickel KP, Weiss M, Morris ZS, Mattison RJ, McDowell KA, Croxford E, Chappell RJ, Glazer TA, Rogus-Pulia NM, Galipeau J, Kimple RJ. Functionality of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells derived from head and neck cancer patients - A FDA-IND enabling study regarding MSC-based treatments for radiation-induced xerostomia. Radiother Oncol 2024; 192:110093. [PMID: 38224919 PMCID: PMC10922976 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Salivary dysfunction is a significant side effect of radiation therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC). Preliminary data suggests that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can improve salivary function. Whether MSCs from HNC patients who have completed chemoradiation are functionally similar to those from healthy patients is unknown. We performed a pilot clinical study to determine whether bone marrow-derived MSCs [MSC(M)] from HNC patients could be used for the treatment of RT-induced salivary dysfunction. METHODS An IRB-approved pilot clinical study was undertaken on HNC patients with xerostomia who had completed treatment two or more years prior. Patients underwent iliac crest bone marrow aspirate and MSC(M) were isolated and cultured. Culture-expanded MSC(M) were stimulated with IFNγ and cryopreserved prior to reanimation and profiling for functional markers by flow cytometry and ELISA. MSC(M) were additionally injected into mice with radiation-induced xerostomia and the changes in salivary gland histology and salivary production were examined. RESULTS A total of six subjects were enrolled. MSC(M) from all subjects were culture expanded to > 20 million cells in a median of 15.5 days (range 8-20 days). Flow cytometry confirmed that cultured cells from HNC patients were MSC(M). Functional flow cytometry demonstrated that these IFNγ-stimulated MSC(M) acquired an immunosuppressive phenotype. IFNγ-stimulated MSC(M) from HNC patients were found to express GDNF, WNT1, and R-spondin 1 as well as pro-angiogenesis and immunomodulatory cytokines. In mice, IFNγ-stimulated MSC(M) injection after radiation decreased the loss of acinar cells, decreased the formation of fibrosis, and increased salivary production. CONCLUSIONS MSC (M) from previously treated HNC patients can be expanded for auto-transplantation and are functionally active. Furthermore IFNγ-stimulated MSC(M) express proteins implicated in salivary gland regeneration. This study provides preliminary data supporting the feasibility of using autologous MSC(M) from HNC patients to treat RT-induced salivary dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace C Blitzer
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Cristina Paz
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Annemarie Glassey
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Olga R Ganz
- Department of Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Jayeeta Giri
- Department of Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Andrea Pennati
- Department of Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Ross O Meyers
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA; Department of Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Amber M Bates
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Kwangok P Nickel
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Marissa Weiss
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Ryan J Mattison
- Department of Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Kimberly A McDowell
- Department of Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Emma Croxford
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, 610 Walnut Street, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726 USA
| | - Richard J Chappell
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, 610 Walnut Street, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726 USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Tiffany A Glazer
- Department of Surgery, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Nicole M Rogus-Pulia
- Department of Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, 2500 Overlook Terrace, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Randall J Kimple
- Department of Human Oncology, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, 600 Highland Ave, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
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6
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Kim SJ, Kwon S, Chung S, Lee EJ, Park SE, Choi SJ, Oh SY, Ryu GH, Jeon HB, Chang JW. Nervonic Acid Inhibits Replicative Senescence of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2024; 17:80-90. [PMID: 37822280 PMCID: PMC10899888 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc23101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence causes cell cycle arrest and promotes permanent cessation of proliferation. Since the senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduces proliferation and multipotency and increases immunogenicity, aged MSCs are not suitable for cell therapy. Therefore, it is important to inhibit cellular senescence in MSCs. It has recently been reported that metabolites can control aging diseases. Therefore, we aimed to identify novel metabolites that regulate the replicative senescence in MSCs. Using a fecal metabolites library, we identified nervonic acid (NA) as a candidate metabolite for replicative senescence regulation. In replicative senescent MSCs, NA reduced senescence-associated β-galactosidase positive cells, the expression of senescence-related genes, as well as increased stemness and adipogenesis. Moreover, in non-senescent MSCs, NA treatment delayed senescence caused by sequential subculture and promoted proliferation. We confirmed, for the first time, that NA delayed and inhibited cellular senescence. Considering optimal concentration, duration, and timing of drug treatment, NA is a novel potential metabolite that can be used in the development of technologies that regulate cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jeong Kim
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soojin Kwon
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soobeen Chung
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Lee
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Eon Park
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Joo Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Young Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyu Ha Ryu
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- The Office of R&D Strategy & Planning, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Bae Jeon
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Wook Chang
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Gao M, Guo H, Dong X, Wang Z, Yang Z, Shang Q, Wang Q. Regulation of inflammation during wound healing: the function of mesenchymal stem cells and strategies for therapeutic enhancement. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1345779. [PMID: 38425646 PMCID: PMC10901993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1345779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A wound takes a long time to heal and involves several steps. Following tissue injury, inflammation is the primary cause of tissue regeneration and repair processes. As a result, the pathophysiological processes involving skin damage, healing, and remodeling depend critically on the control of inflammation. The fact that it is a feasible target for improving the prognosis of wound healing has lately become clear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an innovative and effective therapeutic option for wound healing due to their immunomodulatory and paracrine properties. By controlling the inflammatory milieu of wounds through immunomodulation, transplanted MSCs have been shown to speed up the healing process. In addition to other immunomodulatory mechanisms, including handling neutrophil activity and modifying macrophage polarization, there may be modifications to the activation of T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, several studies have shown that pretreating MSCs improves their ability to modulate immunity. In this review, we summarize the existing knowledge about how MSCs influence local inflammation in wounds by influencing immunity to facilitate the healing process. We also provide an overview of MSCs optimizing techniques when used to treat wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiying Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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8
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Burnham AJ, Foppiani EM, Goss KL, Jang-Milligan F, Kamalakar A, Bradley H, Goudy SL, Trochez CM, Dominici M, Daley-Bauer L, Gibson G, Horwitz EM. Differential response of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to type 1 ex vivo cytokine priming: implications for MSC therapy. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:1277-1284. [PMID: 37815775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are polymorphic, adherent cells with the capability to stimulate tissue regeneration and modulate immunity. MSCs have been broadly investigated for potential therapeutic applications, particularly immunomodulatory properties, wound healing and tissue regeneration. The exact physiologic role of MSCs, however, remains poorly understood, and this gap in knowledge significantly impedes the rational development of therapeutic cells. Here, we considered interferon γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), two cytokines likely encountered physiologically and commonly used in cell manufacturing. For comparison, we studied interleukin-10 (IL-10) (anti-inflammatory) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) (type 2 cytokine). METHODS We directly assessed the effects of these cytokines on bone marrow MSCs by comparing RNA Seq transcriptional profiles. Western blotting and flow cytometry were also used to evaluate effects of cytokine priming. RESULTS The type 1 cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α) induced striking changes in gene expression and remarkably different profiles from one another. Importantly, priming MSCs with either of these cytokines did not increase variability among multiple donors beyond what is intrinsic to non-primed MSCs from different donors. IFN-γ-primed MSCs expressed IDO1 and chemokines that recruit activated T cells. In contrast, TNF-α-primed MSCs expressed genes in alternate pathways, namely PGE2 and matrix metalloproteinases synthesis, and chemokines that recruit neutrophils. IL-10 and IL-4 priming had little to no effect. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that IFN-γ-primed MSCs may be a more efficacious immunosuppressive therapy aimed at diseases that target T cells (ie, graft-versus-host disease) compared with TNF-α-primed or non-primed MSCs, which may be better suited for therapies in other disease settings. These results contribute to our understanding of MSC bioactivity and suggest rational ex vivo cytokine priming approaches for MSC manufacturing and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre J Burnham
- Department of Pediatrics, Marcus Center for Pediatric Cellular Therapy, Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elisabetta M Foppiani
- Department of Pediatrics, Marcus Center for Pediatric Cellular Therapy, Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kyndal L Goss
- Department of Pediatrics, Marcus Center for Pediatric Cellular Therapy, Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Division of Biologic and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fraser Jang-Milligan
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Archana Kamalakar
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Heath Bradley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Steven L Goudy
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lisa Daley-Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Marcus Center for Pediatric Cellular Therapy, Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Marcus Center for Pediatric Cellular Therapy, Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Division of Biologic and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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9
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Blitzer GC, Glazer T, Burr A, Gustafson S, Ganz O, Meyers R, McDowell KA, Nickel KP, Mattison RJ, Weiss M, Chappell R, Rogus-Pulia NM, Galipeau J, Kimple RJ. Marrow-Derived Autologous Stromal Cells for the Restoration of Salivary Hypofunction (MARSH): A pilot, first-in-human study of interferon gamma-stimulated marrow mesenchymal stromal cells for treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:1139-1144. [PMID: 37589639 PMCID: PMC10615723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Xerostomia, or the feeling of dry mouth, is a significant side effect of radiation therapy for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Preliminary data suggest that mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) can improve salivary function. We performed a first-in-human pilot study of interferon gamma (IFNγ)-stimulated autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs, or MSC(M), for the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia (RIX). Here we present the primary safety and secondary efficacy endpoints. METHODS A single-center pilot clinical trial was conducted investigating the safety and tolerability of autologous IFNγ-stimulated MSC(M). The study was conducted under an approved Food and Drug Administration Investigational New Drug application using an institutional review board-approved protocol (NCT04489732). Patients underwent iliac crest bone marrow aspirate and MSC(M) were isolated, cultured, stimulated with IFNγ and cryopreserved for later use. Banked cells were thawed and allowed to recover in culture before patients received a single injection of 10 × 106 MSC(M) into the right submandibular gland under ultrasound guidance. The primary objective was determination of safety and tolerability by evaluating dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). A DLT was defined as submandibular pain >5 on a standard 10-point pain scale or any serious adverse event (SAE) within 1 month after injection. Secondary objectives included analysis of efficacy as measured by salivary quantification and using three validated quality of life instruments. Quantitative results are reported as mean and standard deviation. RESULTS Six patients with radiation-induced xerostomia who had completed radiation at least 2 years previously (average 7.8 years previously) were enrolled in the pilot study. The median age was 71 (61-74) years. Five (83%) patients were male. Five patients (83%) were treated with chemoradiation and one patient (17%) with radiation alone. Grade 1 pain was seen in 50% of patients after submandibular gland injection; all pain resolved within 4 days. No patients reported pain 1 month after injection, with no SAE or other DLTs reported 1 month after injection. The analysis of secondary endpoints demonstrated a trend of increased salivary production. Three patients (50%) had an increase in unstimulated saliva at 1 and 3 months after MSC(M) injection. Quality of life surveys also showed a trend toward improvement. CONCLUSIONS Injection of autologous IFNγ-stimulated MSC(M) into a singular submandibular gland of patients with RIX is safe and well tolerated in this pilot study. A trend toward an improvement in secondary endpoints of salivary quantity and quality of life was observed. This first-in-human study provides support for further investigation into IFNγ-stimulated MSC(M) injected in both submandibular glands as an innovative approach to treat RIX and improve quality of life for patients with HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace C Blitzer
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
| | - Tiffany Glazer
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Adam Burr
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sara Gustafson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Olga Ganz
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ross Meyers
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kimberly A McDowell
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kwangok P Nickel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ryan J Mattison
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Marissa Weiss
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Richard Chappell
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nicole M Rogus-Pulia
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Randall J Kimple
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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Hawthorne IJ, Dunbar H, Tunstead C, Schorpp T, Weiss DJ, Enes SR, Dos Santos CC, Armstrong ME, Donnelly SC, English K. Human macrophage migration inhibitory factor potentiates mesenchymal stromal cell efficacy in a clinically relevant model of allergic asthma. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3243-3258. [PMID: 37735872 PMCID: PMC10638061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Current asthma therapies focus on reducing symptoms but fail to restore existing structural damage. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) administration can ameliorate airway inflammation and reverse airway remodeling. However, differences in patient disease microenvironments seem to influence MSC therapeutic effects. A polymorphic CATT tetranucleotide repeat at position 794 of the human macrophage migration inhibitory factor (hMIF) gene has been associated with increased susceptibility to and severity of asthma. We investigated the efficacy of human MSCs in high- vs. low-hMIF environments and the impact of MIF pre-licensing of MSCs using humanized MIF mice in a clinically relevant house dust mite (HDM) model of allergic asthma. MSCs significantly attenuated airway inflammation and airway remodeling in high-MIF-expressing CATT7 mice but not in CATT5 or wild-type littermates. Differences in efficacy were correlated with increased MSC retention in the lungs of CATT7 mice. MIF licensing potentiated MSC anti-inflammatory effects at a previously ineffective dose. Mechanistically, MIF binding to CD74 expressed on MSCs leads to upregulation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression. Blockade of CD74 or COX-2 function in MSCs prior to administration attenuated the efficacy of MIF-licensed MSCs in vivo. These findings suggest that MSC administration may be more efficacious in severe asthma patients with high MIF genotypes (CATT6/7/8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J Hawthorne
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Hazel Dunbar
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Courteney Tunstead
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Tamara Schorpp
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, 226 Health Sciences Research Facility, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Sara Rolandsson Enes
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Karen English
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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11
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Uwazie CC, Pirlot BM, Faircloth TU, Patel M, Parr RN, Zastre HM, Hematti P, Moll G, Rajan D, Chinnadurai R. Effects of Atrazine exposure on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells assessed by combinatorial assay matrix. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1214098. [PMID: 37588595 PMCID: PMC10426140 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1214098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem cells (MSCs) are an essential component of the regenerative and immunoregulatory stem cell compartment of the human body and thus of major importance in human physiology. The MSCs elicit their beneficial properties through a multitude of complementary mechanisms, which makes it challenging to assess their phenotype and function in environmental toxicity screening. We here employed the novel combinatorial assays matrix approach/technology to profile the MSC response to the herbicide Atrazine, which is a common environmental xenobiotic, that is in widespread agricultural use in the US and other countries, but banned in the EU. Our here presented approach is representative for screening the impact of environmental xenobiotics and toxins on MSCs as an essential representative component of human physiology and well-being. Methods We here employed the combinatorial assay matrix approach, including a panel of well standardized assays, such as flow cytometry, multiplex secretome analysis, and metabolic assays, to define the phenotype and functionality of human-donor-derived primary MSCs exposed to the representative xenobiotic Atrazine. This assay matrix approach is now also endorsed for characterization of cell therapies by leading regulatory agencies, such as FDA and EMA. Results Our results show that the exposure to Atrazine modulates the metabolic activity, size, and granularity of MSCs in a dose and time dependent manner. Intriguingly, Atrazine exposure leads to a broad modulation of the MSCs secretome (both upregulation and downmodulation of certain factors) with the identification of Interleukin-8 as the topmost upregulated representative secretory molecule. Interestingly, Atrazine attenuates IFNγ-induced upregulation of MHC-class-II, but not MHC-class-I, and early phosphorylation signals on MSCs. Furthermore, Atrazine exposure attenuates IFNγ responsive secretome of MSCs. Mechanistic knockdown analysis identified that the Atrazine-induced effector molecule Interleukin-8 affects only certain but not all the related angiogenic secretome of MSCs. Discussion The here described Combinatorial Assay Matrix Technology identified that Atrazine affects both the innate/resting and cytokine-induced/stimulated assay matrix functionality of human MSCs, as identified through the modulation of selective, but not all effector molecules, thus vouching for the great usefulness of this approach to study the impact of xenobiotics on this important human cellular subset involved in the regenerative healing responses in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal C. Uwazie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Bonnie M. Pirlot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Tyler U. Faircloth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Mihir Patel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Rhett N. Parr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Halie M. Zastre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Guido Moll
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Devi Rajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
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12
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Szűcs D, Miklós V, Monostori T, Guba M, Kun-Varga A, Póliska S, Kis E, Bende B, Kemény L, Veréb Z. Effect of Inflammatory Microenvironment on the Regenerative Capacity of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1966. [PMID: 37566046 PMCID: PMC10416993 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are increasingly being used in regenerative medicine as cell therapy targets, including in the treatment of burns and ulcers. The regenerative potential of AD-MSCs and some of their immunological properties are known from in vitro studies; however, in clinical applications, cells are used in non-ideal conditions and can behave differently in inflammatory environments, affecting the efficacy and outcome of therapy. Our aim was to investigate and map the pathways that the inflammatory microenvironment can induce in these cells. High-throughput gene expression assays were performed on AD-MSCs activated with LPS and TNFα. Analysis of RNA-Seq data showed that control, LPS-treated and TNFα-treated samples exhibited distinct gene expression patterns. LPS treatment increased the expression of 926 genes and decreased the expression of 770 genes involved in cell division, DNA repair, the cell cycle, and several metabolic processes. TNFα treatment increased the expression of 174 genes and decreased the expression of 383 genes, which are related to cell division, the immune response, cell proliferation, and differentiation. We also map the biological pathways by further investigating the most altered genes using the Gene Ontology and KEGG databases. Secreted cytokines, which are important in the immunological response, were also examined at the protein level, and a functional assay was performed to assess wound healing. Activated AD-MSC increased the secretion of IL-6, IL-8 and CXCL-10, and also the closure of wounds. AD-MSCs presented accelerated wound healing under inflammation conditions, suggesting that we could use this cell in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diána Szűcs
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.S.); (T.M.); (M.G.); (A.K.-V.); (L.K.)
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vanda Miklós
- Biobank, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Monostori
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.S.); (T.M.); (M.G.); (A.K.-V.); (L.K.)
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Melinda Guba
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.S.); (T.M.); (M.G.); (A.K.-V.); (L.K.)
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anikó Kun-Varga
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.S.); (T.M.); (M.G.); (A.K.-V.); (L.K.)
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Erika Kis
- Dermatosurgery and Plastic Surgery, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (E.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Balázs Bende
- Dermatosurgery and Plastic Surgery, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (E.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.S.); (T.M.); (M.G.); (A.K.-V.); (L.K.)
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-USz Skin Research Group, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.S.); (T.M.); (M.G.); (A.K.-V.); (L.K.)
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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13
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Wang H, Luo Y, Wang H, Li F, Yu F, Ye L. Mechanistic advances in osteoporosis and anti-osteoporosis therapies. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e244. [PMID: 37188325 PMCID: PMC10175743 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a type of bone loss disease characterized by a reduction in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. With the intensification of global aging, this disease is now regarded as one of the major public health problems that often leads to unbearable pain, risk of bone fractures, and even death, causing an enormous burden at both the human and socioeconomic layers. Classic anti-osteoporosis pharmacological options include anti-resorptive and anabolic agents, whose ability to improve bone mineral density and resist bone fracture is being gradually confirmed. However, long-term or high-frequency use of these drugs may bring some side effects and adverse reactions. Therefore, an increasing number of studies are devoted to finding new pathogenesis or potential therapeutic targets of osteoporosis, and it is of great importance to comprehensively recognize osteoporosis and develop viable and efficient therapeutic approaches. In this study, we systematically reviewed literatures and clinical evidences to both mechanistically and clinically demonstrate the state-of-art advances in osteoporosis. This work will endow readers with the mechanistical advances and clinical knowledge of osteoporosis and furthermore present the most updated anti-osteoporosis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of EndodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuchuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of EndodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Haisheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Feifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Fanyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of EndodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of EndodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
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14
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Anbazhagan M, Geem D, Venkateswaran S, Pelia R, Kolachala VL, Dodd A, Maddipatla SC, Cutler DJ, Matthews JD, Chinnadurai R, Kugathasan S. Characterization of Intestinal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease for Autologous Cell Therapy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:112-122. [PMID: 36869704 PMCID: PMC9985114 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has shown promise in inflammatory bowel disease-leveraging their immunosuppressive and regenerative properties. However, the potential immunogenic complications of allogenic MSCs sourced from different tissues raise concern. Thus, we assessed the fitness and functionality of autologous intestinal MSCs as a potential platform for cellular therapy. Mucosal biopsy-derived MSCs from Crohn's disease (n = 11), ulcerative colitis (n = 12), and controls (n = 14) were analyzed by microscopy and flow cytometry for doubling-time, morphology, differentiation potential, and immunophenotype. Gene expression, cell-subtype composition, along with surface marker and secretome changes after IFN-γ priming were measured by bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with a 30-plex Luminex panel. MSCs expanded ex vivo demonstrate canonical MSC markers, similar growth kinetics, and tripotency regardless of the patient phenotype. Global transcription patterns were similar at baseline though inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) rectal MSCs showed changes in select immunomodulatory genes. IFN-γ priming resulted in upregulation of shared immunoregulatory genes (particularly in PD-1 signaling) and overrode the transcriptional differences observed at baseline. Furthermore, MSCs secrete key immunomodulatory molecules at baseline and in response to IFN-γ including CXCL10, CXCL9, and MCP-1. Overall, MSCs from IBD patients have normal transcriptional and immunomodulatory properties with therapeutic potential and can be sufficiently expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugadas Anbazhagan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Duke Geem
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Suresh Venkateswaran
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ranjit Pelia
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vasantha L Kolachala
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne Dodd
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sushma C Maddipatla
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David J Cutler
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason D Matthews
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine & Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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15
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Rattananinsruang P, Noonin C, Yoodee S, Thongboonkerd V. Comparative analysis of markers for H 2O 2-induced senescence in renal tubular cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:104039. [PMID: 36528215 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To address what marker(s) is/are most suitable for determining renal cell senescence, cell area, granularity, cycle shift/arrest, SA-β-Gal, SIRT1 and p16 were evaluated after inducing senescence in HK-2 cells with 0.2-0.8 mM H2O2. Only cell area and granularity concentration-dependently increased at all time-points, whereas SA-β-Gal, SIRT1 and p16 showed significant coefficient of determination (R2) at two time-points. Cell granularity had significant correlation coefficient (R) with other six, whereas SA-β-Gal had significant R with five, and cell area, SIRT1 and p16 had significant R with four others. Comparing to SA-β-Gal, other markers had significantly lower fold-changes only at 72-h with 0.8 mM H2O2, whereas p16 provided greater fold-changes at 48-h with 0.4 and 0.8 mM H2O2. Therefore, cell area, granularity, SA-β-Gal and p16 may serve as the most suitable markers for determining H2O2-induced senescence in HK-2 renal cells, whereas other markers can be also used but with inferior quantitative precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyaporn Rattananinsruang
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chadanat Noonin
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Sunisa Yoodee
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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Chinnadurai R. Advanced Technologies for Potency Assay Measurement. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1420:81-95. [PMID: 37258785 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30040-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Crucial for their application, cell products need to be well-characterized in the cell manufacturing facilities and conform to regulatory approval criteria before infusion into the patients. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) are the leading cell therapy candidate in clinical trials worldwide. Early phase clinical trials have demonstrated that MSCs display an excellent safety profile and are well tolerated. However, MSCs have also exhibited contradictory efficacy in later-phase clinical trials with reasons for this discrepancy including poorly understood mechanism of MSC therapeutic action. With likelihood that a number of attributes are involved in MSC derived clinical benefit, an assay that measures a single quality of may not adequately reflect potency, thus a combination of bioassays and analytical methods, collectively called "assay matrix" are favoured for defining the potency of MSC more adequately. This chapter highlights advanced technologies and targets that can achieve quantitative measurement for a range of MSC attributes, including immunological, genomic, secretome, phosphorylation, morphological, biomaterial, angiogenic and metabolic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA.
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Preclinical Evaluation of the Tumorigenic and Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Populations with Clonal Trisomy 5. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:1613636. [PMID: 36035513 PMCID: PMC9417782 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1613636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytogenetic aberrations may emerge in human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) during ex vivo expansion for cell therapy. We have detected clonal trisomy 5 in two distinct autologous MSC products expanded from bone marrow which, based on the current quality control criteria, could not be released for clinical use. Although a safety concern, it is still unclear to what extent recurrent aneuploidies detected in MSC products may affect the threshold for neoplastic transformation or the medicinal properties of these cells. We have carried out an exploratory preclinical study to evaluate these MSC products with clonal trisomy 5, regarding their oncogenic and immunomodulatory potential. Cell population growth in vitro was reduced in MSC cultures with clonal trisomy 5 compared with the population growth of their euploid MSC counterparts, based on a lower cumulative population doubling level, reduced cell proliferation index, and increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity. Subcutaneous injection of clinically relevant amount of MSC population, either with or without clonal trisomy 5, did not generate tumors in immunodeficient mice within a follow-up period of six months. Most importantly, MSC population with clonal trisomy 5 kept immunomodulatory properties upon interferon gamma (IFNγ) licensing, displaying overexpression of IDO, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, in a similar fashion than that of IFNγ-licensed euploid MSC. Our findings suggest that bone marrow MSC products with clonal trisomy 5 may retain their therapeutic potential, based on poor tumor initiating capability and preserved immunomodulatory potency. This preclinical evidence may further support the definition of release criteria of autologous MSC products for cell therapy under critical clinical scenarios. This trial is registered with Clinical Study registration number: RBR-29x2pr.
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18
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Lipat AJ, Cottle C, Pirlot BM, Mitchell J, Pando B, Helmly B, Kosko J, Rajan D, Hematti P, Chinnadurai R. Chemokine Assay Matrix Defines the Potency of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:971-986. [PMID: 35881077 PMCID: PMC9492268 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Potency analysis of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is required for their use in advanced clinical trials. Assay matrix strategy evaluating more than a single property of MSCs is an emerging strategy in potency analysis. Here we developed an assay matrix approach focusing on the secretory chemokine responses of MSCs using multiplex analytical method. MSCs’ innate fitness in secreting matrix of chemokines is correlated with their metabolic fitness in differential degrees. In addition, innately secreting chemokines are correlated among themselves in a unique pattern. MSC’s matrix chemokine responses to exogenous stimulation of IFNγ and/or TNFα are distinct. However, the combination of IFNγ and TNFα is superior than individual stimulations in eliciting robust and broad matrix chemokine responses of MSCs. Correlation matrix analysis has identified that chemokine responses to IFNγ and/or TNFα display unique correlative secretion patterns. MSC and peripheral blood mononuclear cells coculture analysis has identified the correlation matrix responses of chemokines that predicted immune suppression. In addition, MSC-mediated blocking of T-cell proliferation predominantly correlates with chemokines in an inverse manner. Knockdown of chemokines has demonstrated that MSC-sourced inherent chemokines do not actively play a role in T-cell suppression and thus are the bystander predictors of T-cell suppression. The present analysis of MSC’s matrix chemokine responses can be deployed in the advanced potency analysis of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Joy Lipat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Chasen Cottle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Bonnie M Pirlot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - James Mitchell
- Diagnostic Radiology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Brian Pando
- Diagnostic Radiology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Brian Helmly
- Diagnostic Radiology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Joanna Kosko
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Devi Rajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
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19
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Wiese DM, Wood CA, Ford BN, Braid LR. Cytokine Activation Reveals Tissue-Imprinted Gene Profiles of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:917790. [PMID: 35924240 PMCID: PMC9341285 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of standardized metrics to support manufacturing and regulatory approval of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) products is confounded by heterogeneity of MSC populations. Many reports describe fundamental differences between MSCs from various tissues and compare unstimulated and activated counterparts. However, molecular information comparing biological profiles of activated MSCs across different origins and donors is limited. To better understand common and source-specific mechanisms of action, we compared the responses of 3 donor populations each of human umbilical cord (UC) and bone marrow (BM) MSCs to TNF-α, IL-1β or IFN-γ. Transcriptome profiles were analysed by microarray and select secretome profiles were assessed by multiplex immunoassay. Unstimulated (resting) UC and BM-MSCs differentially expressed (DE) 174 genes. Signatures of TNF-α-stimulated BM and UC-MSCs included 45 and 14 new DE genes, respectively, while all but 7 of the initial 174 DE genes were expressed at comparable levels after licensing. After IL-1β activation, only 5 of the 174 DE genes remained significantly different, while 6 new DE genes were identified. IFN-γ elicited a robust transcriptome response from both cell types, yet nearly all differences (171/174) between resting populations were attenuated. Nine DE genes predominantly corresponding to immunogenic cell surface proteins emerged as a BM-MSC signature of IFN-γ activation. Changes in protein synthesis of select analytes correlated modestly with transcript levels. The dynamic responses of licensed MSCs documented herein, which attenuated heterogeneity between unstimulated populations, provide new insight into common and source-imprinted responses to cytokine activation and can inform strategic development of meaningful, standardized assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barry N. Ford
- Defence Research and Development Canada Suffield Research Centre, Casualty Management Section, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
| | - Lorena R. Braid
- Aurora BioSolutions Inc., Medicine Hat, AB, Canada
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Lorena R. Braid, ;
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20
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Skibber MA, Olson SD, Prabhakara KS, Gill BS, Cox CS. Enhancing Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Potency: Inflammatory Licensing via Mechanotransduction. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874698. [PMID: 35874742 PMCID: PMC9297916 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) undergo functional maturation upon their migration from bone marrow and introduction to a site of injury. This inflammatory licensing leads to heightened immune regulation via cell-to-cell interaction and the secretion of immunomodulatory molecules, such as anti-inflammatory mediators and antioxidants. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are a recognized catalyst of inflammatory licensing; however, biomechanical forces, such as fluid shear stress, are a second, distinct class of stimuli that incite functional maturation. Here we show mechanotransduction, achieved by exposing MSC to various grades of wall shear stress (WSS) within a scalable conditioning platform, enhances the immunomodulatory potential of MSC independent of classical pro-inflammatory cytokines. A dose-dependent effect of WSS on potency is evidenced by production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), as well as suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by activated immune cells. Consistent, reproducible licensing is demonstrated in adipose tissue and bone marrow human derived MSC without significant impact on cell viability, cellular yield, or identity. Transcriptome analysis of WSS-conditioned BM-MSC elucidates the broader phenotypic implications on the differential expression of immunomodulatory factors. These results suggest mechanotransduction as a viable, scalable pre-conditioning alternative to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Enhancing the immunomodulatory capacity of MSC via biomechanical conditioning represents a novel cell therapy manufacturing approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max A. Skibber
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Scott D. Olson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Scott D. Olson, ; Brijesh S. Gill, ; Charles S. Cox Jr,
| | - Karthik S. Prabhakara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Brijesh S. Gill
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Scott D. Olson, ; Brijesh S. Gill, ; Charles S. Cox Jr,
| | - Charles S. Cox
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Scott D. Olson, ; Brijesh S. Gill, ; Charles S. Cox Jr,
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21
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Labuz DF, Whitlock AE, Kycia I, Zurakowski D, Fauza DO. Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) as a potential target for transamniotic stem cell therapy. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:999-1003. [PMID: 35277250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to determine whether intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) could be a target for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based transamniotic stem cell therapy (TRASCET). METHODS Pregnant dams subjected to hypoxia (10.5% O2) cycles had their fetuses divided into four groups: untreated (n = 24) and three groups receiving volume-matched intra-amniotic injections of either saline (sham; n = 16), or suspensions of luciferase-labeled, syngeneic amniotic fluid-derived MSCs that were either native (TRASCET-unprimed; n = 29), or primed by exposure to IFNγ and IL-1β (TRASCET-primed; n = 31). Normal fetuses served as additional controls (n = 22). Multiple analyses were performed at term. RESULTS Compared to normal, fetal weights were significantly decreased in all hypoxia groups (p = 0.002 to <0.001), except for TRASCET-primed. Placental efficiency (fetal/placental weight) was significantly decreased in all hypoxia groups (p = 0.002 to <0.001), but normalized in both TRASCET groups. A significant increase in metrial expression of IFNγ in both the untreated and sham groups (p = 0.04 to 0.02) was reversed only in the TRASCET-primed group. Luciferase DNA was present in both TRASCET groups' placentas. CONCLUSIONS Transamniotic stem cell therapy with primed mesenchymal stem cells reverses some of the effects of intrauterine growth restriction in a rat model. Further study into this novel approach for the treatment of this disease is warranted. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A (Animal and Laboratory Study).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Labuz
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ashlyn E Whitlock
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ina Kycia
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Dario O Fauza
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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22
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Han Y, Yang J, Fang J, Zhou Y, Candi E, Wang J, Hua D, Shao C, Shi Y. The secretion profile of mesenchymal stem cells and potential applications in treating human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:92. [PMID: 35314676 PMCID: PMC8935608 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractMesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) possess multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potentials. MSCs-based therapies have been widely utilized for the treatment of diverse inflammatory diseases, due to the potent immunoregulatory functions of MSCs. An increasing body of evidence indicates that MSCs exert their therapeutic effects largely through their paracrine actions. Growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix components, and metabolic products were all found to be functional molecules of MSCs in various therapeutic paradigms. These secretory factors contribute to immune modulation, tissue remodeling, and cellular homeostasis during regeneration. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the secretory behavior of MSCs and the intracellular communication that accounts for their potential in treating human diseases.
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23
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Kim M, Go J, Kwon JH, Jin HJ, Bae YK, Kim EY, Chang EJ, Choi SJ, Kim SW. CD26 Inhibition Potentiates the Therapeutic Effects of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Delaying Cellular Senescence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:803645. [PMID: 35178399 PMCID: PMC8846329 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.803645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized as potential treatments for multiple degenerative and inflammatory disorders as a number of animal and human studies have indicated their therapeutic effects. There are also several clinically approved medicinal products that are manufactured using these cells. For such large-scale manufacturing requirements, the in vitro expansion of harvested MSCs is essential. Multiple subculturing of MSCs, however, provokes cellular senescence processes which is known to deteriorate the therapeutic efficacy of the cells. Strategies to rejuvenate or selectively remove senescent MSCs are therefore highly desirable for fostering future clinical applications of these cells. In this present study, we investigated gene expression changes related to cellular senescence of MSCs derived from umbilical cord blood and found that CD26, also known as DPP4, is significantly upregulated upon cellular aging. We further observed that the inhibition of CD26 by genetic or pharmacologic means delayed the cellular aging of MSCs with their multiple passaging in culture. Moreover, the sorting and exclusion of CD26-positive MSCs from heterogenous cell population enhanced in vitro cell attachment and reduced senescence-associated cytokine secretion. CD26-negative MSCs also showed superior therapeutic efficacy in mouse lung emphysema model. Our present results collectively suggest CD26 is a potential novel target for the rejuvenation of senescent MSCs for their use in manufacturing MSC-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyeon Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Go
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kwon
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jin
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Bae
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Jin Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seong Who Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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24
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Blitzer GC, Rogus-Pulia NM, Mattison RJ, Varghese T, Ganz O, Chappell R, Galipeau J, McDowell KA, Meyers RO, Glazer TA, Kimple RJ. Marrow-Derived Autologous Stromal Cells for the Restoration of Salivary Hypofunction (MARSH): Study protocol for a phase 1 dose-escalation trial of patients with xerostomia after radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:534-543. [PMID: 35183442 PMCID: PMC9038658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xerostomia, or dry mouth, is a common side effect of head and neck radiation. Current treatment options for radiation-induced xerostomia are generally supportive in nature. Adult stem cells are the ultimate source for replenishment of salivary gland tissue. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are a viable cell-based therapy for xerostomia. We have undertaken studies enabling U.S. Food and Drug Administration Investigational New Drug status, demonstrating the normal phenotype, intact functionality, and pro-growth secretome of interferon-γ (IFNγ)-stimulated BM-MSCs taken from patients with head and neck cancer who have undergone radiation ± chemotherapy. Here we present the protocol of MARSH, a first-in-human clinical trial of bone marrow-derived, IFNγ-activated BM-MSCs for the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia. METHODS This single-center phase 1 dose-escalation with expansion cohort, non-placebo-controlled study will assess the safety and tolerability of BM-MSCs for the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia in patients who had head and neck cancer. The phase 1 dose-escalation study will be a 3 + 3 design with staggered enrollment. A total of 21 to 30 subjects (9 to 18 in phase 1 study, 12 in expansion cohort) will be enrolled. The primary endpoint is determining the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of IFNγ-stimulated BM-MSCs to enable further studies on the efficacy of BM-MSCs. Patients' bone marrow will be aspirated, and BM-MSCs will be expanded, stimulated with IFNγ, and injected into the submandibular gland. The RP2D will be determined by dose-limiting toxicities occurring within 1 month of BM-MSC injection. Secondary outcomes of saliva amounts and composition, ultrasound of salivary glands, and quality of life surveys will be taken at 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month visits. DISCUSSION Autotransplantation of IFNγ-stimulated BM-MSCs in salivary glands after radiation therapy or chemoradiation therapy may provide an innovative remedy to treat xerostomia and restore quality of life. This is the first therapy for radiation-induced xerostomia that may be curative. TRIAL REGISTRATION World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform: NCT04489732.
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25
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Infante A, Rodríguez CI. Cell and Cell-Free Therapies to Counteract Human Premature and Physiological Aging: MSCs Come to Light. J Pers Med 2021; 11:1043. [PMID: 34683184 PMCID: PMC8541473 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive loss of the regenerative potential of tissues is one of the most obvious consequences of aging, driven by altered intercellular communication, cell senescence and niche-specific stem cell exhaustion, among other drivers. Mesenchymal tissues, such as bone, cartilage and fat, which originate from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation, are especially affected by aging. Senescent MSCs show limited proliferative capacity and impairment in key defining features: their multipotent differentiation and secretory abilities, leading to diminished function and deleterious consequences for tissue homeostasis. In the past few years, several interventions to improve human healthspan by counteracting the cellular and molecular consequences of aging have moved closer to the clinic. Taking into account the MSC exhaustion occurring in aging, advanced therapies based on the potential use of young allogeneic MSCs and derivatives, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), are gaining attention. Based on encouraging pre-clinical and clinical data, this review assesses the strong potential of MSC-based (cell and cell-free) therapies to counteract age-related consequences in both physiological and premature aging scenarios. We also discuss the mechanisms of action of these therapies and the possibility of enhancing their clinical potential by exposing MSCs to niche-relevant signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Infante
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Clara I Rodríguez
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
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26
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Krampera M, Le Blanc K. Mesenchymal stromal cells: Putative microenvironmental modulators become cell therapy. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1708-1725. [PMID: 34624232 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An exceptional safety profile has been shown in a large number of cell therapy clinical trials that use mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, reliable potency assays are still lacking to predict MSC immunosuppressive efficacy in the clinical setting. Nevertheless, MSCs are approved in Japan and Europe for the treatment of graft-versus-host and Crohn's fistular diseases, but not in the United States for any clinical indication. We discuss potential mechanisms of action for the therapeutic effects of MSC transplantation, experimental models that dissect tissue modulating function of MSCs, and approaches for identifying MSC effects in vivo by integrating biomarkers of disease and MSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Krampera
- Section of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Katarina Le Blanc
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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27
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Wruck W, Graffmann N, Spitzhorn LS, Adjaye J. Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Acquire Rejuvenation and Reduced Heterogeneity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717772. [PMID: 34604216 PMCID: PMC8481886 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the uniform selection criteria for the isolation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), considerable heterogeneity exists which reflects the distinct tissue origins and differences between individuals with respect to their genetic background and age. This heterogeneity is manifested by the variabilities seen in the transcriptomes, proteomes, secretomes, and epigenomes of tissue-specific MSCs. Here, we review literature on different aspects of MSC heterogeneity including the role of epigenetics and the impact of MSC heterogeneity on therapies. We then combine this with a meta-analysis of transcriptome data from distinct MSC subpopulations derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, cruciate, tonsil, kidney, umbilical cord, fetus, and induced pluripotent stem cells derived MSCs (iMSCs). Beyond that, we investigate transcriptome differences between tissue-specific MSCs and pluripotent stem cells. Our meta-analysis of numerous MSC-related data sets revealed markers and associated biological processes characterizing the heterogeneity and the common features of MSCs from various tissues. We found that this heterogeneity is mainly related to the origin of the MSCs and infer that microenvironment and epigenetics are key drivers. The epigenomes of MSCs alter with age and this has a profound impact on their differentiation capabilities. Epigenetic modifications of MSCs are propagated during cell divisions and manifest in differentiated cells, thus contributing to diseased or healthy phenotypes of the respective tissue. An approach used to reduce heterogeneity caused by age- and tissue-related epigenetic and microenvironmental patterns is the iMSC concept: iMSCs are MSCs generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). During iMSC generation epigenetic and chromatin remodeling result in a gene expression pattern associated with rejuvenation thus allowing to overcome age-related shortcomings (e.g., limited differentiation and proliferation capacity). The importance of the iMSC concept is underlined by multiple clinical trials. In conclusion, we propose the use of rejuvenated iMSCs to bypass tissue- and age-related heterogeneity which are associated with native MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasco Wruck
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Graffmann
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - James Adjaye
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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28
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Heidari F, Razmkhah M, Razban V, Erfani N. Effects of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) silencing on immunomodulatory function and cancer-promoting characteristic of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2544-2556. [PMID: 34498786 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) catabolizes tryptophan, mediates immunomodulatory functions, and is released by stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of IDO silencing on immunosuppressive function of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), T cells phenotype, and the proliferation/migration of tumor cells. ASCs isolated from adipose tissues of healthy women were transfected with IDO-siRNA. Galectin-3, transforming growth factor-β1, hepatocyte growth factor, and interleukin-10 as immunomodulators were measured in ASCs using qRT-PCR. T cells phenotype, interferon-γ, and interleukin-17 expression were evaluated in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) cocultured with IDO silenced-ASCs by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR, respectively. Scratch assay was applied to assess the proliferation/migration of MDA-MB-231 cell line. Galectin-3 was upregulated (p ˂ 0.05) while hepatocyte growth factor was downregulated (p ˂ 0.05) in IDO-silenced ASCs compared to control groups. Regulatory T cells were inhibited in PBLs cocultured with IDO-silenced ASCs; also T helper2 was decreased in PBLs cocultured with IDO-silenced ASCs relative to the scramble group. IDO-silenced ASCs caused interferon-γ overexpression but interleukin-17 downregulation in PBLs. The proliferation/migration of MDA-MB-231 was suppressed after exposing to condition media of IDO-silenced ASCs compared with condition media of untransfected (p < 0.01) and scramble-transfected ASCs (p < 0.05). The results exhibited the weakened capacity of IDO-silenced ASCs for suppressing the immune cells and promoting the tumor cells' proliferation/migration. IDO suppression may be utilized as a strategy for cancer treatment. Simultaneous blocking of immunomodulators along with IDO inhibitors may show more effects on boosting the efficiency of immune-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Heidari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Razmkhah
- School of Medicine, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Razban
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Erfani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,School of Medicine, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mesenchymal stromal cell therapeutic potency is dependent upon viability, route of delivery, and immune match. Blood Adv 2021; 4:1987-1997. [PMID: 32384543 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Culture-adapted bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) deploy paracrine anti-inflammatory and tissue regenerative functionalities that can be harnessed as a living cell pharmaceutical product. Independent of clinical indication, a near majority of human clinical trials administer MSC IV, often with an allogeneic MSC cell product immediately after thawing from cryostorage. Despite hundreds of studies in a wide assortment of inflammatory, degenerative, and acute tissue injury syndromes, human clinical outcomes often fail to mirror promising rigorously conducted preclinical animal studies. Using a mouse model of toxic colitis, we demonstrate that replication fit MSCs harvested in log phase of growth have substantial impact on colitis clinical and pathologic endpoints when delivered subcutaneously or intraperitoneally, whereas the maximum tolerated IV bolus dosing failed to do so. We also demonstrate that heat-inactivated MSCs lose all therapeutic utility and the observation is mirrored by use of viable MSC administered immediately postthaw from cryostorage. Using luciferase transgenic MSC as donor cells, we demonstrate that transient in vivo engraftment is severely compromised when MSCs are dead or thawed and further demonstrate that MSC redosing is feasible in relapsing colitis, but only syngeneic MSCs lead to sustained improvement of clinical endpoints. These data support the notion that pharmaceutical potency of MSC requires viability and functional fitness. Reciprocally, IV administration of thawed MSC products may be biased against positive clinical outcomes for treatment of colitis and that extravascular administration of syngeneic, fit MSCs allows for effect in a recurrent therapy model.
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Abstract
Flow cytometry (FCM) is a sophisticated technique that works on the principle of light scattering and fluorescence emission by the specific fluorescent probe-labeled cells as they pass through a laser beam. It offers several unique advantages as it allows fast, relatively quantitative, multiparametric analysis of cell populations at the single cell level. In addition, it also enables physical sorting of the cells to separate the subpopulations based on different parameters. In this constantly evolving field, innovative technologies such as imaging FCM, mass cytometry and Raman FCM are being developed in order to address limitations of traditional FCM. This review explains the general principles, main applications and recent advances in the field of FCM.
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Ryan MM, Patel M, Hogan K, Lipat AJ, Scandolara R, Das R, Bruker C, Galipeau J, Chinnadurai R. Ruxolitinib Inhibits IFNγ Licensing of Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Transplant Cell Ther 2021; 27:389.e1-389.e10. [PMID: 33965175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ruxolitinib is a JAK2/JAK1 inhibitor that blocks the inflammatory JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Ruxolitinib has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Ruxolitinib's effect on inflammatory cells of hematopoietic origin is known. However, its effect on nonhematopoietic cell types with immune-modulating and antigen-presenting cell competency plausibly involved in pathogenesis of GVHD has not been explored. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are CD45- nonhematopoietic cells of the bone marrow with immune modulatory functions in vivo. MSCs' immunobiology largely depends on their responsiveness to IFNγ. We aimed to define the effect of ruxolitinib on the immunobiology of MSCs that are modulated by IFNγ. Human bone marrow derived MSCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and primary bone marrow aspirates were analyzed for their sensitivity to ruxolitinib-mediated blocking of IFNγ-induced STAT-1 phosphorylation and downstream effector molecules, utilizing Western blot, flow cytometry, secretome analysis, and phosflow techniques. IFNγ-induced cytostatic effects on MSCs are reversed by ruxolitinib. Ruxolitinib inhibits IFNγ and secretome of activated peripheral PBMC-induced STAT-1 phosphorylation on human bone marrow derived MSCs. In addition, ruxolitinib inhibits IFNγ-induced pro-GVHD pathways on MSCs, which includes HLAABC(MHCI), HLADR(MHCII), CX3CL1, and CCL2. IFNγ-induced immunosuppressive molecules IDO and PDL-1 were also inhibited by ruxolitinib on MSCs. Comparative analysis with PBMCs has demonstrated that MSCs are as equal as to HLADR+ PBMC populations in responding to ruxolitinib-mediated inhibition of IFNγ-induced STAT-1 phosphorylation. Ex vivo analysis of human marrow aspirates has demonstrated that ruxolitinib blocks IFNγ-induced STAT-1 phosphorylation in CD45+/-HLADR+/- populations at different levels, which is depending on their sensitivity to IFNγ responsiveness. These results inform the hypothesis that ruxolitinib's immune-modulatory effects in vivo may pharmacologically involve marrow and tissue-resident MSCs. Ruxolitinib affects the immunobiology of MSCs equivalent to professional HLADR+ antigen presenting cells, which collectively mitigate GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Mercedes Ryan
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mihir Patel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia
| | - Keenan Hogan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia
| | - Ariel Joy Lipat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia
| | - Rafaela Scandolara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia
| | - Rahul Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Charles Bruker
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia.
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Zhou C, Zhang Y, Yan R, Huang L, Mellor AL, Yang Y, Chen X, Wei W, Wu X, Yu L, Liang L, Zhang D, Wu S, Wang W. Exosome-derived miR-142-5p remodels lymphatic vessels and induces IDO to promote immune privilege in the tumour microenvironment. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:715-729. [PMID: 32929219 PMCID: PMC7862304 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00618-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical response to immunotherapy is closely associated with the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME), and influenced by the dynamic interaction between tumour cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Here, we show that high levels of miR-142-5p positively correlate with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression in tumour-associated lymphatic vessels in advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The miR-142-5p is transferred by CSCC-secreted exosomes into LECs to exhaust CD8+ T cells via the up-regulation of lymphatic IDO expression, which was abrogated by an IDO inhibitor. Mechanistically, miR-142-5p directly down-regulates lymphatic AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 2 (ARID2) expression, inhibits DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) recruitment to interferon (IFN)-γ promoter, and enhances IFN-γ transcription by suppressing promoter methylation, thereby leading to elevated IDO activity. Furthermore, increased serum exosomal miR-142-5p levels and the consequent IDO activity positively correlate with CSCC progression. In conclusion, exosomes secreted by CSCC cells deliver miR-142-5p to LECs and induce IDO expression via ARID2-DNMT1-IFN-γ signalling to suppress and exhaust CD8+ T cells. Our study suggests that LECs act as an integral component of the immune checkpoint(s) in the TME and may serve as a potential new target for CSCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Immunology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ruiming Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Andrew L Mellor
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wenfei Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiangguang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Luojiao Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Immunology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Mesenchymal stromal cells for systemic sclerosis treatment. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102755. [PMID: 33476823 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare chronic autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy, dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, and progressive fibrosis. SSc remains an orphan disease, with high morbity and mortality in SSc patients. The mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) demonstrate in vitro and in vivo pro-angiogenic, immuno-suppressive, and anti-fibrotic properties and appear as a promising stem cell therapy type, that may target the key pathological features of SSc disease. This review aims to summarize acquired knowledge in the field of :1) MSC definition and in vitro and in vivo functional properties, which vary according to the donor type (allogeneic or autologous), the tissue sources (bone marrow, adipose tissue or umbilical cord) or inflammatory micro-environment in the recipient; 2) preclinical studies in various SSc animal models , which showed reduction in skin and lung fibrosis after MSC infusion; 3) first clinical trials in human, with safety and early efficacy results reported in SSc patients or currently tested in several ongoing clinical trials.
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González-Gualda E, Baker AG, Fruk L, Muñoz-Espín D. A guide to assessing cellular senescence in vitro and in vivo. FEBS J 2021; 288:56-80. [PMID: 32961620 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a physiological mechanism whereby a proliferating cell undergoes a stable cell cycle arrest upon damage or stress and elicits a secretory phenotype. This highly dynamic and regulated cellular state plays beneficial roles in physiology, such as during embryonic development and wound healing, but it can also result in antagonistic effects in age-related pathologies, degenerative disorders, ageing and cancer. In an effort to better identify this complex state, and given that a universal marker has yet to be identified, a general set of hallmarks describing senescence has been established. However, as the senescent programme becomes more defined, further complexities, including phenotype heterogeneity, have emerged. This significantly complicates the recognition and evaluation of cellular senescence, especially within complex tissues and living organisms. To address these challenges, substantial efforts are currently being made towards the discovery of novel and more specific biomarkers, optimized combinatorial strategies and the development of emerging detection techniques. Here, we compile such advances and present a multifactorial guide to identify and assess cellular senescence in cell cultures, tissues and living organisms. The reliable assessment and identification of senescence is not only crucial for better understanding its underlying biology, but also imperative for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting senescence in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela González-Gualda
- CRUK Cambridge Centre Early Detection Programme, Department of Oncology, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew G Baker
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Muñoz-Espín
- CRUK Cambridge Centre Early Detection Programme, Department of Oncology, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Jauković A, Kukolj T, Obradović H, Okić-Đorđević I, Mojsilović S, Bugarski D. Inflammatory niche: Mesenchymal stromal cell priming by soluble mediators. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:922-937. [PMID: 33033555 PMCID: PMC7524701 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells of stromal origin that possess self-renewal capacity and the ability to differentiate into multiple mesodermal cell lineages. They play a critical role in tissue homeostasis and wound healing, as well as in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment through interactions with immune cells. Hence, MSCs have garnered great attention as promising candidates for tissue regeneration and cell therapy. Because the inflammatory niche plays a key role in triggering the reparative and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs, priming of MSCs with bioactive molecules has been proposed as a way to foster the therapeutic potential of these cells. In this paper, we review how soluble mediators of the inflammatory niche (cytokines and alarmins) influence the regenerative and immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs, highlighting the major advantages and concerns regarding the therapeutic potential of these inflammatory primed MSCs. The data summarized in this review may provide a significant starting point for future research on priming MSCs and establishing standardized methods for the application of preconditioned MSCs in cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jauković
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Tamara Kukolj
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Hristina Obradović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Ivana Okić-Đorđević
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Slavko Mojsilović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Diana Bugarski
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
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Johnstone BH, Miller HM, Beck MR, Gu D, Thirumala S, LaFontaine M, Brandacher G, Woods EJ. Identification and characterization of a large source of primary mesenchymal stem cells tightly adhered to bone surfaces of human vertebral body marrow cavities. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:617-628. [PMID: 32873509 PMCID: PMC8919862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Therapeutic allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are currently in clinical trials to evaluate their effectiveness in treating many different disease indications. Eventual commercialization for broad distribution will require further improvements in manufacturing processes to economically manufacture MSCs at scales sufficient to satisfy projected demands. A key contributor to the present high cost of goods sold for MSC manufacturing is the need to create master cell banks from multiple donors, which leads to variability in large-scale manufacturing runs. Therefore, the availability of large single donor depots of primary MSCs would greatly benefit the cell therapy market by reducing costs associated with manufacturing. Methods: We have discovered that an abundant population of cells possessing all the hallmarks of MSCs is tightly associated with the vertebral body (VB) bone matrix and only liberated by proteolytic digestion. Here we demonstrate that these vertebral bone-adherent (vBA) MSCs possess all the International Society of Cell and Gene Therapy-defined characteristics (e.g., plastic adherence, surface marker expression and trilineage differentiation) of MSCs, and we have therefore termed them vBA-MSCs to distinguish this population from loosely associated MSCs recovered through aspiration or rinsing of the bone marrow compartment. Results: Pilot banking and expansion were performed with vBA-MSCs obtained from 3 deceased donors, and it was demonstrated that bank sizes averaging 2.9 × 108 ± 1.35 × 108 vBA-MSCs at passage 1 were obtainable from only 5 g of digested VB bone fragments. Each bank of cells demonstrated robust proliferation through a total of 9 passages, without significant reduction in population doubling times. The theoretical total cell yield from the entire amount of bone fragments (approximately 300 g) from each donor with limited expansion through 4 passages is 100 trillion (1 × 1014) vBA-MSCs, equating to over 105 doses at 10 × 106 cells/kg for an average 70-kg recipient. Discussion: Thus, we have established a novel and plentiful source of MSCs that will benefit the cell therapy market by overcoming manufacturing and regulatory inefficiencies due to donor-to-donor variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian H Johnstone
- Ossium Health, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
| | - Hannah M Miller
- Ossium Health, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Madelyn R Beck
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Dongsheng Gu
- Ossium Health, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sreedhar Thirumala
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Michael LaFontaine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Erik J Woods
- Ossium Health, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
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Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Able to Use bFGF Treatment and Represent a Superb Tool for Immunosuppressive Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155366. [PMID: 32731615 PMCID: PMC7432622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a promising tool in cellular therapy for restoring immune system haemostasis; however, the success of clinical trials has been impaired by the lack of standardized manufacturing processes. This study aims to determine the suitability of source tissues and culture media for the production of MSC-based advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) and to define parameters to extend the set of release criteria. MSCs were isolated from umbilical cord (UC), bone marrow and lipoaspirate and expanded in three different culture media. MSC phenotype, proliferation capacity and immunosuppressive parameters were evaluated in normal MSCs compared to primed MSCs treated with cytokines mimicking an inflammatory environment. Compared to bone marrow and lipoaspirate, UC-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) showed the highest proliferative capacity, which was further enhanced by media supplemented with bFGF, while the cells maintained their immunosuppressive characteristics. Moreover, UC-MSCs expanded in the bFGF-enriched medium were the least sensitive to undesirable priming-induced changes in the MSC phenotype. Surface markers and secreted factors were identified to reflect the cell response to inflammatory priming and to be variable among MSCs from different source tissues. This study demonstrates that UC is a favorable cell source for manufacturing MSC-based ATMPs for immunosuppressive applications. UC-MSCs are able to use the bFGF-enriched medium for higher cell yields without the impairment of immunosuppressive parameters and undesirable phenotype changes after inflammatory preconditioning of MSCs before transplantation. Additionally, immunosuppressive parameters were identified to help finding predictors of clinically efficient MSCs in the following clinical trials.
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Jie Z, Huan Y, Mengyun W, Yasha L, Huafeng P, Ke Y. Nrf2 modulates immunosuppressive ability and cellular senescence of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:1021-1027. [PMID: 32317184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the application of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) as clinical therapeutics, long term cells ex vivo expansion results in decline in their function. It has been widely concerned that cellular senescence is associated with UC-MSCs immunomodulatory ability. In this study, we evaluated the effects of consecutive passages on cellular senescence and the immunomodulatory abilities of UC-MSCs. Long term-cultured UC-MSCs showed decreased proliferation, senescence phenotypes and impaired immunosuppressive effects on PHA induced peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation. We found that Nrf2, a transcription factor that responds to oxidative stress, that showed decreased expression in long term-cultured UC-MSCs, and the further knock-down of Nrf2 in UC-MSCs induced premature senescence, decreased proliferation ability and immunosuppressive abilities. Furthermore, the protein expression of IDO-1 were decreased in response to the downregulation of Nrf2 in UC-MSCs, suggesting that Nrf2 regulates the immunosuppressive properties of UC-MSCs via Nrf2-mediated IDO-1 expression. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that Nrf2 plays a key role in the regulation of the immunosuppressive properties of UC-MSCs, and we suggest that these findings might provide a strategy to enhance the functionality of UC-MSCs for use in therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Jie
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yao Huan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Wu Mengyun
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Li Yasha
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Pan Huafeng
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yang Ke
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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Caplan H, Olson SD, Kumar A, George M, Prabhakara KS, Wenzel P, Bedi S, Toledano-Furman NE, Triolo F, Kamhieh-Milz J, Moll G, Cox CS. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapeutic Delivery: Translational Challenges to Clinical Application. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1645. [PMID: 31417542 PMCID: PMC6685059 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For several decades, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been extensively studied for their therapeutic potential across a wide range of diseases. In the preclinical setting, MSCs demonstrate consistent ability to promote tissue healing, down-regulate excessive inflammation and improve outcomes in animal models. Several proposed mechanisms of action have been posited and demonstrated across an array of in vitro models. However, translation into clinical practice has proven considerably more difficult. A number of prominent well-funded late-phase clinical trials have failed, thus calling out for new efforts to optimize product delivery in the clinical setting. In this review, we discuss novel topics critical to the successful translation of MSCs from pre-clinical to clinical applications. In particular, we focus on the major routes of cell delivery, aspects related to hemocompatibility, and potential safety concerns associated with MSC therapy in the different settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Caplan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Scott D. Olson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Akshita Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mitchell George
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Karthik S. Prabhakara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pamela Wenzel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Supinder Bedi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Naama E. Toledano-Furman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Fabio Triolo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Julian Kamhieh-Milz
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Moll
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Charles S. Cox
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Zhai W, Yong D, El-Jawhari JJ, Cuthbert R, McGonagle D, Win Naing M, Jones E. Identification of senescent cells in multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell cultures: Current methods and future directions. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:803-819. [PMID: 31138507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regardless of their tissue of origin, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are commonly expanded in vitro for several population doublings to achieve a sufficient number of cells for therapy. Prolonged MSC expansion has been shown to result in phenotypical, morphological and gene expression changes in MSCs, which ultimately lead to the state of senescence. The presence of senescent cells in therapeutic MSC batches is undesirable because it reduces their viability, differentiation potential and trophic capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells acquire senescence-activated secretory phenotype, which may not only induce apoptosis in the neighboring host cells following MSC transplantation, but also trigger local inflammatory reactions. This review outlines the current and promising new methodologies for the identification of senescent cells in MSC cultures, with a particular emphasis on non-destructive and label-free methodologies. Technologies allowing identification of individual senescent cells, based on new surface markers, offer potential advantage for targeted senescent cell removal using new-generation senolytic agents, and subsequent production of therapeutic MSC batches fully devoid of senescent cells. Methods or a combination of methods that are non-destructive and label-free, for example, involving cell size and spectroscopic measurements, could be the best way forward because they do not modify the cells of interest, thus maximizing the final output of therapeutic-grade MSC cultures. The further incorporation of machine learning methods has also recently shown promise in facilitating, automating and enhancing the analysis of these measured data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Zhai
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK; Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Derrick Yong
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Jehan Jomaa El-Jawhari
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Richard Cuthbert
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK
| | - May Win Naing
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK.
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41
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Noronha NDC, Mizukami A, Caliári-Oliveira C, Cominal JG, Rocha JLM, Covas DT, Swiech K, Malmegrim KCR. Priming approaches to improve the efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:131. [PMID: 31046833 PMCID: PMC6498654 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been widely explored for cell-based therapy of immune-mediated, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases, due to their immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory, and regenerative potentials. Preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated promising therapeutic results although these have been somewhat limited. Aspects such as low in vivo MSC survival in inhospitable disease microenvironments, requirements for ex vivo cell overexpansion prior to infusions, intrinsic differences between MSC and different sources and donors, variability of culturing protocols, and potency assays to evaluate MSC products have been described as limitations in the field. In recent years, priming approaches to empower MSC have been investigated, thereby generating cellular products with improved potential for different clinical applications. Herein, we review the current priming approaches that aim to increase MSC therapeutic efficacy. Priming with cytokines and growth factors, hypoxia, pharmacological drugs, biomaterials, and different culture conditions, as well as other diverse molecules, are revised from current and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia de Cássia Noronha
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program on Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Amanda Mizukami
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Juçara Gastaldi Cominal
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program on Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - José Lucas M Rocha
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program on Basic and Applied Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kelen C R Malmegrim
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. .,Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14010-903, Brazil.
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42
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Ozay EI, Vijayaraghavan J, Gonzalez-Perez G, Shanthalingam S, Sherman HL, Garrigan DT, Chandiran K, Torres JA, Osborne BA, Tew GN, Slukvin II, Macdonald RA, Kelly K, Minter LM. Cymerus™ iPSC-MSCs significantly prolong survival in a pre-clinical, humanized mouse model of Graft-vs-host disease. Stem Cell Res 2019; 35:101401. [PMID: 30738321 PMCID: PMC6544140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune-mediated tissue destruction of graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) remains a major barrier to greater use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have intrinsic immunosuppressive qualities and are being actively investigated as a therapeutic strategy for treating GvHD. We characterized Cymerus™ MSCs, which are derived from adult, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and show they display surface markers and tri-lineage differentiation consistent with MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BM). Administering iPSC-MSCs altered phosphorylation and cellular localization of the T cell-specific kinase, Protein Kinase C theta (PKCθ), attenuated disease severity, and prolonged survival in a humanized mouse model of GvHD. Finally, we evaluated a constellation of pro-inflammatory molecules on circulating PBMCs that correlated closely with disease progression and which may serve as biomarkers to monitor therapeutic response. Altogether, our data suggest Cymerus iPSC-MSCs offer the potential for an off-the-shelf, cell-based therapy to treat GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ilker Ozay
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Jyothi Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Gabriela Gonzalez-Perez
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Sudarvili Shanthalingam
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Heather L Sherman
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Daniel T Garrigan
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Karthik Chandiran
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Joe A Torres
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Barbara A Osborne
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Gregory N Tew
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Igor I Slukvin
- Cynata Therapeutics Limited, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia; Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Ross A Macdonald
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Kilian Kelly
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
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43
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Wobma HM, Tamargo MA, Goeta S, Brown LM, Duran-Struuck R, Vunjak-Novakovic G. The influence of hypoxia and IFN-γ on the proteome and metabolome of therapeutic mesenchymal stem cells. Biomaterials 2018; 167:226-234. [PMID: 29574308 PMCID: PMC5894357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been assessed for their capacity to suppress inflammation and promote tissue repair. Regardless of whether the cells are primed (exposed to instructive cues) before administration, their phenotype will respond to environmental signals present in the pathophysiological setting being treated. Since hypoxia and inflammation coexist in the settings of acute injury and chronic disease we sought to explore how the proteome and metabolome of MSCs changes when cells were exposed to 48 h of 1% oxygen, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), or both cues together. We specifically focused on changes in cell metabolism, immune modulation, extracellular matrix secretion and modification, and survival capacity. IFN-γ promoted expression of anti-pathogenic proteins and induced MSCs to limit inflammation and fibrosis while promoting their own survival. Hypoxia instead led to cell adaptation to low oxygen, including upregulation of proteins involved in anaerobic metabolism, autophagy, angiogenesis, and cell migration. While dual priming resulted in additive effects, we also found many instances of synergy. These data lend insight to how MSCs may behave after administration to a patient and suggest how priming cells beforehand could improve their therapeutic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly M Wobma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manuel A Tamargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shahar Goeta
- Quantitative Proteomics and Metabolomics Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lewis M Brown
- Quantitative Proteomics and Metabolomics Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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44
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Goedhart M, Cornelissen AS, Kuijk C, Geerman S, Kleijer M, van Buul JD, Huveneers S, Raaijmakers MHGP, Young HA, Wolkers MC, Voermans C, Nolte MA. Interferon-Gamma Impairs Maintenance and Alters Hematopoietic Support of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:579-589. [PMID: 29649408 PMCID: PMC5934977 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) provide microenvironmental support to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Culture-expanded MSCs are interesting candidates for cellular therapies due to their immunosuppressive and regenerative potential which can be further enhanced by pretreatment with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). However, it remains unknown whether IFN-γ can also influence hematopoietic support by BM-MSCs. In this study, we elucidate the impact of IFN-γ on the hematopoietic support of BM-MSCs. We found that IFN-γ increases expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and stem cell factor by human BM-MSCs. IFN-γ-treated BM-MSCs drive HSPCs toward myeloid commitment in vitro, but impair subsequent differentiation of HSPC. Moreover, IFN-γ-ARE-Del mice with increased IFN-γ production specifically lose their BM-MSCs, which correlates with a loss of hematopoietic stem cells' quiescence. Although IFN-γ treatment enhances the immunomodulatory function of MSCs in a clinical setting, we conclude that IFN-γ negatively affects maintenance of BM-MSCs and their hematopoietic support in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Goedhart
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne S Cornelissen
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Kuijk
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sulima Geerman
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marion Kleijer
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- 2 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- 2 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marc H G P Raaijmakers
- 3 Department of Hematology and Erasmus Stem Cell Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Howard A Young
- 4 Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, Maryland
| | - Monika C Wolkers
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Voermans
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Nolte
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands
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45
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Wobma HM, Kanai M, Ma SP, Shih Y, Li HW, Duran-Struuck R, Winchester R, Goeta S, Brown LM, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Dual IFN-γ/hypoxia priming enhances immunosuppression of mesenchymal stromal cells through regulatory proteins and metabolic mechanisms. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 1:45-56. [PMID: 30364570 PMCID: PMC6197483 DOI: 10.1016/j.regen.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive capacity of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) renders them promising candidates for treating diverse immune disorders. However, after hundreds of clinical trials, there are still no MSC therapies approved in the United States. MSCs require specific cues to adopt their immunosuppressive phenotype, and yet most clinical trials use cells expanded in basic culture medium and growth conditions. We propose that priming MSCs prior to administration will improve their therapeutic efficacy. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) priming are cues common to situations of immune escape that have individually shown promise as MSC priming cues but have not been systematically compared. Using mixed lymphocyte reactions, we show that priming MSCs with either cue alone improves T-cell inhibition. However, combining the two cues results in additive effects and markedly enhances the immunosuppressive phenotype of MSCs. We demonstrate that IFN-γ induces expression of numerous immunosuppressive proteins (IDO, PD-L1, HLA-E, HLA-G), whereas hypoxia switches MSCs to glycolysis, causing rapid glucose consumption and production of T-cell inhibitory lactate levels. Dual IFN-γ/hypoxia primed MSCs display both attributes and have even higher induction of immunosuppressive proteins over IFN-γ priming alone (IDO and HLA-G), which may reflect another benefit of metabolic reconfiguration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly M. Wobma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariko Kanai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen P. Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Shih
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hao Wei Li
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Robert Winchester
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shahar Goeta
- Quantitative Proteomics and Metabolomics Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lewis M. Brown
- Quantitative Proteomics and Metabolomics Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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46
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Insights into inflammatory priming of mesenchymal stromal cells: functional biological impacts. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:467-477. [PMID: 29362849 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult cells with relevant biological properties making them interesting tools for cell-based therapy. These cells have the ability to home to sites of injury and secrete bioactive factors as part of their therapeutic functions. However, depending on the local environment, diverse functions of MSCs can be modulated and thus can influence their therapeutic value. The specific cytokine milieu within the site of inflammation is vital in determining the fate and cell behaviors of MSCs. Indeed, inflammatory signals (called as inflammatory priming), may induce critical changes on the phenotype, multilineage potential, hematopoietic support and immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs. Thus, for appropriate clinical application of MSCs, it is important to well know and understand these effects. In summary, investigating MSC interactions with the inflammatory environment is necessary to empower the therapeutic value of MSCs.
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47
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Dunavin N, Dias A, Li M, McGuirk J. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: What Is the Mechanism in Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease? Biomedicines 2017; 5:biomedicines5030039. [PMID: 28671556 PMCID: PMC5618297 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
After more than a decade of preclinical and clinical development, therapeutic infusion of mesenchymal stromal cells is now a leading investigational strategy for the treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). While their clinical use continues to expand, it is still unknown which of their immunomodulatory properties contributes most to their therapeutic activity. Herein we describe the proposed mechanisms, focusing on the inhibitory activity of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) at immunologic checkpoints. A deeper understanding of the mechanism of action will allow us to design more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Dunavin
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Cancer Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Pkwy., Westwood, KS 66205, USA.
| | - Ajoy Dias
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Cancer Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Pkwy., Westwood, KS 66205, USA.
| | - Meizhang Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Joseph McGuirk
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Cancer Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Pkwy., Westwood, KS 66205, USA.
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