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Liu J, Wang F, Hong Y, Luo F. Bibliometric analysis of the pirfenidone and nintedanib in interstitial lung diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29266. [PMID: 38655311 PMCID: PMC11036012 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background At the beginning of 21st century, reclassification of fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILD) scored academic concerning, and then propelled development. Decade before, pifenidone and nintedanib were approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, but no more drugs are yet available. To evaluate the development traits of pirfenidone and nintedanib in fibrosing ILD, including the influential country, institution, authors, keywords, and the major problems or the priorities of the field emerge and evolve, bibliometric analysis was used to summarize and draw scientific knowledge maps. Methods We confined the words to "pirfenidone", "nintedanib", "pulmonary fibrosis", and "lung disease, interstitial". Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on February 24, 2024 with the search strategies. Citespace and VOSviewer were adopted for bibliometric analysis. Results For the knowledge map of pirfenidone, a total of 4359 authors from 279 institutions in 58 countries/regions contributed to 538 studies. The United States and Italy are way ahead. Genentech Inc and the University of Turin are the institutions with the strongest influence. AM J RESP CRIT CARE is the maximized influential periodical. Raghu G was the most frequently co-cited scholar. keywords cluster demonstrated that vital capacity, safety, outcome, effectiveness, acute exacerbation, pathway, cell, collagen were the hotspots. The burst timeline of hotspots and references revealed academic transitions of pirfenidone-related studies. About the knowledge map of nintedanib, 3297 authors from 238 institutions in 47 countries/regions published 374 studies. Japan, the United States, and Italy are the most productive countries. Boehringer Ingelheim is the overriding productive institution. New ENGL J MED have important roles in reporting milestones of nintedanib. Richeldi L carried numerous capital publications to support the anti-fibrotic effect of nintedanib. From the network of co-occurrence keywords, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, efficacy, and safety were the hotspots. Nintedanib for systemic sclerosis-related ILD and progressive pulmonary fibrosis is the hotspot with sharp evolution recently. Conclusions We summarized and showed developmental alterations of pirfenidone and nintedanib in fibrosing ILD through bibliographic index-based analysis. Our findings showed just dozen years sharp development period of pirfenidone and nintedanib in ILD, and identifies potential partners for interested researchers. The burst of hotspots demonstrated the evolvement of research priorities and major problems, and we observed the transition of keywords from experimental terms like mouse, bleomycin, cell, pathway, collagen, gene expression, to clinical terms including efficacy, safety, survival, acute exacerbation, and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. In the future, exploration about disparity models of drug administration, differences between early and later initiate anti-fibrotic therapy, both short-term and long-term efficacy of pirfenidone and nintedanib in fibrosing ILD, specifically in connective disease associate ILD would be emphatically concerned by pulmonologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Faping Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwen Hong
- The Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengming Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Ma J, Li G, Wang H, Mo C. Comprehensive review of potential drugs with anti-pulmonary fibrosis properties. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116282. [PMID: 38401514 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by the accumulation of scar tissue in the lungs, which leads to impaired lung function and reduced quality of life. The prognosis for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is the most common form of pulmonary fibrosis, is generally poor. The median survival for patients with IPF is estimated to be around 3-5 years from the time of diagnosis. Currently, there are two approved drugs (Pirfenidone and Nintedanib) for the treatment of IPF. However, Pirfenidone and Nintedanib are not able to reverse or cure pulmonary fibrosis. There is a need for new pharmacological interventions that can slow or halt disease progression and cure pulmonary fibrosis. This review aims to provide an updated overview of current and future drug interventions for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and to summarize possible targets of potential anti-pulmonary fibrosis drugs, providing theoretical support for further clinical combination therapy or the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chunheng Mo
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Deng L, Ouyang B, Shi H, Yang F, Li S, Xie C, Du W, Hu L, Wei Y, Dong J. Icariside Ⅱ attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by modulating macrophage polarization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116810. [PMID: 37331450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Numerous studies have provided evidence supporting the significant roles of icariin, in the prevention of multiple chronic diseases like diabetes, liver fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, renal fibrosis, and pulmonary fibrosis. In particular, Icariside II (ISE II), a prominent flavonoid glycoside derived from Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, the principal metabolite of icariin, has demonstrated noteworthy anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, along with its ability to protect against lung remodeling. However, the research exploring ISE Ⅱ's application in treating pulmonary fibrosis remains limited. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of ISE II in models of pulmonary fibrosis, while also investigating its potential mechanisms of action in cell signaling pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in vitro model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by treating NIH-3T3 cells with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Western blot, RT-qPCR, and scratch test were performed to assess the effect of ISE Ⅱ. In addition, a murine model of pulmonary fibrosis was induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin, and the therapeutic effect of ISE Ⅱ was tested by orally administering ISE Ⅱ at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Three weeks later, lung function, micro-CT, hydroxyproline content, pathological staining, and cytokines detection of BALF or serum were used to assess the anti-fibrosis effects of ISE Ⅱ. Next, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, and in vivo transcriptomics were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms of action. RESULTS Our data revealed a significant inhibitory effect of ISE Ⅱ on the upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen production induced by TGF-β1 in fibroblasts. Meanwhile, ISE Ⅱ exerted a therapeutic effect against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by improving lung function, decreasing collagen deposition, and reducing the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), TGF-β1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Additionally, ISE Ⅱ treatment effectively attenuated the infiltration of M2 macrophages, concurrently downregulating the expression level of M2 marker genes, such as CD206, arginase-1(Arg-1), and Chitinase-Like Protein 3 (YM-1). Importantly, we observed a statistically significant reduction in the M2 phenotype of interstitial macrophages (IMs). However, the impact of ISE Ⅱ on the M2 polarization of alveolar macrophages (AMs) did not reach statistical significance. Lastly, transcriptome sequencing results suggested that the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects of ISE Ⅱ may be mediated by the suppression of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, which modulated M2 polarization in macrophages and contributed to the amelioration of pulmonary fibrosis. By immunohistochemical analysis, it was verified that ISE Ⅱ treatment dramatically inhibited the activation of β-catenin in fibrosis murine. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that ISE Ⅱ exerted anti-fibrotic effects by inhibiting pro-fibrotic macrophage polarization. The underlying mechanism of action might be mediated by modulating the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway to inhibit the M2 program in IMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Deng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Boshu Ouyang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hanlin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fangyong Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shihuan Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Cong Xie
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenjing Du
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lingli Hu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Li W, Shi X, Lv C, Hu H, Sundar IK, Qin S. Editorial: Applications of medicine in treating pulmonary fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1212681. [PMID: 37469878 PMCID: PMC10352825 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1212681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai, China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Haibo Hu
- Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
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COVID-19 therapeutics: Clinical application of repurposed drugs and futuristic strategies for target-based drug discovery. Genes Dis 2023; 10:1402-1428. [PMCID: PMC10079314 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the complicated disease COVID-19. Clinicians are continuously facing huge problems in the treatment of patients, as COVID-19-specific drugs are not available hence the principle of drug repurposing serves as a one-and-only hope. Globally, the repurposing of many drugs is underway; few of them are already approved by the regulatory bodies for their clinical use and most of them are in different phases of clinical trials. Here in this review, our main aim is to discuss in detail the up-to-date information on the target-based pharmacological classification of repurposed drugs, the potential mechanism of actions, and the current clinical trial status of various drugs which are under repurposing since early 2020. At last, we briefly proposed the probable pharmacological and therapeutic drug targets that may be preferred as a futuristic drug discovery approach in the development of effective medicines.
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Hiroyama S, Matsunaga K, Ito M, Iimori H, Tajiri M, Nakano Y, Shimosegawa E, Abe K. Usefulness of 18F-FPP-RGD2 PET in pathophysiological evaluation of lung fibrosis using a bleomycin-induced rat model. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:4358-4368. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05908-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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7
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Kamel AH, Hassanin Sherif EA, Khaled. El Zawawy W, El-shinawy NA. Therapeutic potential of dexamethasone Nano chitosan synthesized from chitosan as a novel treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in C57BL/6 mice. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2021.1987795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Afaf Hendawy Kamel
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Adel Hassanin Sherif
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Waleed Khaled. El Zawawy
- Department of Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Ahmed El-shinawy
- Department of Physiology, Zoology Department, Department of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
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8
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Amin R, Vaishali K, Maiya GA, Mohapatra AK, Yadav UN, Parsekar SS. Effect of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on functional capacity in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2021; 10:297. [PMID: 34782011 PMCID: PMC8591795 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of the common types of interstitial lung disease having high prevalence and mortality worldwide. As a result of patient-centred hindering factors of adherence to centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), home-based PR is an alternate mode of rehabilitating individuals with IPF. This systematic review will evaluate the effectiveness of unsupervised home-based PR on functional capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with IPF. METHODS Clinically stable, high resolution computed tomography and physician diagnosed IPF participants having modified Medical Research Council score below 5 will be considered for the systematic review. Studies involving home-based PR as an intervention to treat individuals with IPF will be considered. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised studies (with two groups followed up) are eligible to be included. Outcomes of our interest are functional capacity (6-min walk distance, shuttle walk test and incremental shuttle walk test) and secondary outcome measure would include assessment of quality of life and adverse effects of intervention. Electronic databases such as SCOPUS, Medline (PubMed and Web of Science), PEDRo and CINAHL will be searched using database specific terms. Additionally, forward and backward citations of included studies will be searched to identify potential records. Two review authors, independently, will conduct the screening, data extraction using a customised standard tool, and critical appraisal using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool of included studies. If data permits, meta-analysis will be conducted. In case of substantial heterogeneity, we will do a narrative synthesis. Subgroup analysis will be undertaken based on various contextual and interventional factors. DISCUSSION This review will provide comprehensive evidence on the effectiveness of unsupervised home-based PR to physiotherapists, policy makers and researchers who are interested in IPF management. Findings from this review may guide the development and evaluation of more robust evidence based home-based PR that aimed to improve functional capacity among people with IPF. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020213883.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revati Amin
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - K Vaishali
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India.
| | - G Arun Maiya
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | | | - Uday Narayan Yadav
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Shradha S Parsekar
- Public Health Evidence South Asia, Prasanna School of Public Health, MAHE, Manipal, India
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9
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Cheng PTW, Kaltenbach RF, Zhang H, Shi J, Tao S, Li J, Kennedy LJ, Walker SJ, Shi Y, Wang Y, Dhanusu S, Reddigunta R, Kumaravel S, Jusuf S, Smith D, Krishnananthan S, Li J, Wang T, Heiry R, Sum CS, Kalinowski SS, Hung CP, Chu CH, Azzara AV, Ziegler M, Burns L, Zinker BA, Boehm S, Taylor J, Sapuppo J, Mosure K, Everlof G, Guarino V, Zhang L, Yang Y, Ruan Q, Xu C, Apedo A, Traeger SC, Cvijic ME, Lentz KA, Tirucherai G, Sivaraman L, Robl J, Ellsworth BA, Rosen G, Gordon DA, Soars MG, Gill M, Murphy BJ. Discovery of an Oxycyclohexyl Acid Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 1 (LPA 1) Antagonist BMS-986278 for the Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrotic Diseases. J Med Chem 2021; 64:15549-15581. [PMID: 34709814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The oxycyclohexyl acid BMS-986278 (33) is a potent lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) antagonist, with a human LPA1 Kb of 6.9 nM. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies starting from the LPA1 antagonist clinical compound BMS-986020 (1), which culminated in the discovery of 33, are discussed. The detailed in vitro and in vivo preclinical pharmacology profiles of 33, as well as its pharmacokinetics/metabolism profile, are described. On the basis of its in vivo efficacy in rodent chronic lung fibrosis models and excellent overall ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) properties in multiple preclinical species, 33 was advanced into clinical trials, including an ongoing Phase 2 clinical trial in patients with lung fibrosis (NCT04308681).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T W Cheng
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Robert F Kaltenbach
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Hao Zhang
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jun Shi
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Shiwei Tao
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lawrence J Kennedy
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Steven J Walker
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Yan Shi
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Suresh Dhanusu
- Biocon-Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development Center, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Ramesh Reddigunta
- Biocon-Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development Center, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Selvakumar Kumaravel
- Biocon-Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development Center, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Sutjano Jusuf
- Computer Aided Drug Design, Molecular Structure & Design, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Daniel Smith
- Discovery Chemistry Synthesis, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Subramaniam Krishnananthan
- Discovery Chemistry Synthesis, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jianqing Li
- Discovery Chemistry Synthesis, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Lead Evaluation, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Rebekah Heiry
- Lead Evaluation, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Chi Shing Sum
- Lead Evaluation, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Stephen S Kalinowski
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Chen-Pin Hung
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Ching-Hsuen Chu
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Anthony V Azzara
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Milinda Ziegler
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lisa Burns
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Bradley A Zinker
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Stephanie Boehm
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Joseph Taylor
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Julia Sapuppo
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Kathy Mosure
- Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Gerry Everlof
- Pharmaceutics, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Victor Guarino
- Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Lisa Zhang
- Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Yanou Yang
- Biotransformation, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Qian Ruan
- Biotransformation, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Carrie Xu
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Atsu Apedo
- Discovery Analytical Sciences, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Sarah C Traeger
- Discovery Analytical Sciences, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research and Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Lead Evaluation, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Kimberley A Lentz
- Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Giridhar Tirucherai
- Clinical Pharmacology, Immunology, Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Research and Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5326, United States
| | - Lakshmi Sivaraman
- Nonclinical Safety Evaluation, Research & Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Jeffrey Robl
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Bruce A Ellsworth
- Fibrosis Chemistry, Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Glenn Rosen
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - David A Gordon
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Matthew G Soars
- Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Michael Gill
- Discovery Toxicology, Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Research and Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Brian J Murphy
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Research & Early Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
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Li S, Xu A, Li Y, Tan C, La Regina G, Silvestri R, Wang H, Qi W. RS4651 suppresses lung fibroblast activation via the TGF-β1/SMAD signalling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 903:174135. [PMID: 33940030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease resulting in respiratory failure with no efficient treatment options. We investigated the protective effect of RS4651 on pulmonary fibrosis in mice and the mechanism. METHODS Intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM) was used to induce pulmonary fibrosis in mice. RS4561 was administered intraperitoneally at different doses. Histopathological changes were observed. The level of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were also tested. In vitro, the proliferation and migratory effects of RS4651 treatment on MRC-5 cells pre-treated with transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) were examined. RNA-sequencing was used to detect differentially expressed target genes. Then, the expression of α-SMA, pSMAD2 and SMAD7 were analysed during RS4651 treatment of MRC-5 cells with or without silencing by SMAD7 siRNA. RESULTS Histopathological staining results showed decreased collagen deposition in RS4651 administered mice. Additionally, a lower level of α-SMA was also observed compared to the BLM group. The results of in vitro studies confirmed that RS4651 can inhibit the proliferation and migration, as well as α-SMA and pSMAD2 expression in MRC-5 cells treated with TGF-β1. RNA-sequencing data identified the target gene SMAD7. We found that RS4651 could upregulate SMAD7 expression and inhibit the proliferation and migration of MRC-5 cells via SMAD7, and RS4651 inhibition of α-SMA and pSMAD2 expression was blocked in SMAD7-siRNA MRC-5 cells. In vivo studies further confirmed that RS4651 could upregulate SMAD7 expression in BLM-induced lung fibrosis in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that RS4651 alleviates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the TGF-β1/SMAD signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Anjian Xu
- Experimental Center, Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yanmeng Li
- Experimental Center, Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Chunting Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Laboratory Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Romano Silvestri
- Laboratory Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy.
| | - Haoyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Wenjie Qi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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11
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Ballester B, Milara J, Montero P, Cortijo J. MUC16 Is Overexpressed in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Induces Fibrotic Responses Mediated by Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Canonical Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126502. [PMID: 34204432 PMCID: PMC8235375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several transmembrane mucins have demonstrated that they contribute intracellularly to induce fibrotic processes. The extracellular domain of MUC16 is considered as a biomarker for disease progression and death in IPF patients. However, there is no evidence regarding the signalling capabilities of MUC16 that contribute to IPF development. Here, we demonstrate that MUC16 was overexpressed in the lung tissue of IPF patients (n = 20) compared with healthy subjects (n = 17) and localised in fibroblasts and hyperplastic alveolar type II cells. Repression of MUC16 expression by siRNA-MUC16 transfection inhibited the TGF-β1-induced fibrotic processes such as mesenchymal/ myofibroblast transformations of alveolar type II A549 cells and lung fibroblasts, as well as fibroblast proliferation. SiRNA-MUC16 transfection also decreased the TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 phosphorylation, thus inhibiting the Smad Binding Element activation. Immunoprecipitation assays and confocal immunofluorescence showed the formation of a protein complex between MUC16/p-SMAD3 in the cell membrane after TGF-β1 stimulation. This study shows that MUC16 is overexpressed in IPF and collaborates with the TGF-β1 canonical pathway to induce fibrotic processes. Therefore, direct or indirect targeting of MUC16 could be a potential drug target for human IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ballester
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Munich, Germany
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Correspondence: (B.B.); (J.M.); Tel.: +34-605148470 (B.B.); +34-963864631 (J.M.)
| | - Javier Milara
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Pharmacy Unit, General University Hospital, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Correspondence: (B.B.); (J.M.); Tel.: +34-605148470 (B.B.); +34-963864631 (J.M.)
| | - Paula Montero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Julio Cortijo
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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12
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Airway Redox Homeostasis and Inflammation Gone Awry: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Emerging Therapeutics in Respiratory Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239317. [PMID: 33297418 PMCID: PMC7731288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As aerobic organisms, we are continuously and throughout our lifetime subjected to an oxidizing atmosphere and, most often, to environmental threats. The lung is the internal organ most highly exposed to this milieu. Therefore, it has evolved to confront both oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a variety of pollutants, pathogens, and allergens that promote inflammation and can harm the airways to different degrees. Indeed, an excess of ROS, generated intrinsically or from external sources, can imprint direct damage to key structural cell components (nucleic acids, sugars, lipids, and proteins) and indirectly perturb ROS-mediated signaling in lung epithelia, impairing its homeostasis. These early events complemented with efficient recognition of pathogen- or damage-associated recognition patterns by the airway resident cells alert the immune system, which mounts an inflammatory response to remove the hazards, including collateral dead cells and cellular debris, in an attempt to return to homeostatic conditions. Thus, any major or chronic dysregulation of the redox balance, the air-liquid interface, or defects in epithelial proteins impairing mucociliary clearance or other defense systems may lead to airway damage. Here, we review our understanding of the key role of oxidative stress and inflammation in respiratory pathology, and extensively report current and future trends in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatments focusing on the following major acute and chronic lung diseases: acute lung injury/respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis.
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13
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Lucarini L, Durante M, Sgambellone S, Lanzi C, Bigagli E, Akgul O, Masini E, Supuran CT, Carta F. Effects of New NSAID-CAI Hybrid Compounds in Inflammation and Lung Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091307. [PMID: 32927723 PMCID: PMC7564963 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe lung disease with progressive worsening of dyspnea, characterized by chronic inflammation and remodeling of lung parenchyma. Carbonic anhydrases are a family of zinc-metallo-enzymes that catalyze the reversible interconversion of carbon-dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (CAI) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in animals with permanent-middle-cerebral artery occlusion, arthritis and neuropathic pain. The pharmacological profile of a new class of hybrid compounds constituted by a CAI connected to a Nonsteroidal-Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) was studied in the modulation of inflammation and fibrosis. In-vitro tests were performed to assess their effects on cyclo-oxygenase enzyme (COX)-1 and COX-2, namely inhibition of platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 production in the human-platelet-rich plasma, and reduction of Prostaglandin-E2 production in lipopolysaccharide-treated-RAW-264.7 macrophage cell line. The activity of compound 3, one of the most active, was studied in a model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in C57BL/6 mice. The hybrid compounds showed a higher potency in inhibiting PGE2 production, but not in modifying the platelet aggregation and the TXB2 production in comparison to the reference molecules, indicating an increased activity in COX-2 inhibition. In the in-vivo murine model, the compound 3 was more effective in decreasing inflammation, lung stiffness and oxidative stress in comparison to the reference drugs given alone or in association. In conclusion, these CAI-NSAID hybrid compounds are promising new anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of lung chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-2758299
| | - Mariaconcetta Durante
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Silvia Sgambellone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Cecilia Lanzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Bigagli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Ozlem Akgul
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ege University Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Emanuela Masini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini n. 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.D.); (S.S.); (C.L.); (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical Science Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.T.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical Science Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.T.S.); (F.C.)
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14
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Worthington EN, Hagood JS. Therapeutic Use of Extracellular Vesicles for Acute and Chronic Lung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072318. [PMID: 32230828 PMCID: PMC7177288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess regenerative properties and have been shown to improve outcomes and survival in acute and chronic lung diseases, but there have been some safety concerns raised related to MSC-based therapy. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that many of the regenerative effects of MSCs can be attributed to the MSC-derived secretome, which contains soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-derived EVs) replicate many of the beneficial effects of MSCs and contain a variety of bioactive factors that are transferred to recipient cells, mediating downstream signaling. MSC-derived EV therapy holds promise as a safe and effective treatment for pulmonary disease, but there remain many scientific and clinical questions that will need to be addressed before EVs are widely applied as a therapy. To date, the use of MSC-derived EVs as a treatment for lung disease has been conducted primarily in in vitro or pre-clinical animal models. In this review, we will discuss the current published research investigating the use of EVs as a potential therapeutic for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), asthma, and silicosis.
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15
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Maher TM, Simpson JK, Porter JC, Wilson FJ, Chan R, Eames R, Cui Y, Siederer S, Parry S, Kenny J, Slack RJ, Sahota J, Paul L, Saunders P, Molyneaux PL, Lukey PT, Rizzo G, Searle GE, Marshall RP, Saleem A, Kang'ombe AR, Fairman D, Fahy WA, Vahdati-Bolouri M. A positron emission tomography imaging study to confirm target engagement in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis following a single dose of a novel inhaled αvβ6 integrin inhibitor. Respir Res 2020; 21:75. [PMID: 32216814 PMCID: PMC7099768 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive lung disease with poor prognosis and a significant unmet medical need. This study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and target engagement in the lungs, of GSK3008348, a novel inhaled alpha-v beta-6 (αvβ6) integrin inhibitor, in participants with IPF. Methods This was a phase 1b, randomised, double-blind (sponsor unblind) study, conducted in the UK (two clinical sites, one imaging unit) between June 2017 and July 2018 (NCT03069989). Participants with a definite or probable diagnosis of IPF received a single nebulised dose of 1000 mcg GSK3008348 or placebo (ratio 5:2) in two dosing periods. In period 1, safety and PK assessments were performed up to 24 h post-dose; in period 2, after a 7-day to 28-day washout, participants underwent a total of three positron emission tomography (PET) scans: baseline, Day 1 (~ 30 min post-dosing) and Day 2 (~ 24 h post-dosing), using a radiolabelled αvβ6-specific ligand, [18F]FB-A20FMDV2. The primary endpoint was whole lung volume of distribution (VT), not corrected for air volume, at ~ 30 min post-dose compared with pre-dose. The study success criterion, determined using Bayesian analysis, was a posterior probability (true % reduction in VT > 0%) of ≥80%. Results Eight participants with IPF were enrolled and seven completed the study. Adjusted posterior median reduction in uncorrected VT at ~ 30 min after GSK3008348 inhalation was 20% (95% CrI: − 9 to 42%). The posterior probability that the true % reduction in VT > 0% was 93%. GSK3008348 was well tolerated with no reports of serious adverse events or clinically significant abnormalities that were attributable to study treatment. PK was successfully characterised showing rapid absorption followed by a multiphasic elimination. Conclusions This study demonstrated engagement of the αvβ6 integrin target in the lung following nebulised dosing with GSK3008348 to participants with IPF. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time a target-specific PET radioligand has been used to assess target engagement in the lung, not least for an inhaled drug. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03069989; date of registration: 3 March 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby M Maher
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Robert Chan
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK
| | - Rhena Eames
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK
| | - Yi Cui
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK
| | | | - Simon Parry
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK
| | - Julia Kenny
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK
| | | | | | - Lyn Paul
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Peter Saunders
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philip L Molyneaux
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Gaia Rizzo
- Invicro, A Konica Minolta Company, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - David Fairman
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, UK
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16
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Xiao H, Huang X, Wang S, Liu Z, Dong R, Song D, Dai H. Metformin ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by suppressing IGF-1. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:940-949. [PMID: 32269725 PMCID: PMC7137034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease, which is characterized by the progressive deterioration in lung function. In the pathogenesis of IPF, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been found to be heavily involved. Metformin, a commonly used oral antidiabetic agent, is known to inhibit IGF-1 by the reversal of hyperinsulinemia. In this study, we evaluated the effects of metformin in pulmonary fibrosis in C57/BL6J mice, and further understand the role of IGF-1 signaling pathway involving in this process. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced experimentally in these mice by the intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM). Metformin was given orally the day before or 14 days after bleomycin injection, while pirfenidone was used as the positive control. Our study showed that intratracheal injection of bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, with observed elevation in collagen, fibronectin and α-SMA level, characterized by the enhanced IGF-1 and PI3K expression. Metformin was able to inhibit these effects significantly, and its antifibrotic effect had no marked difference with pirfenidone. Our results show that metformin attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via IGF-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Xiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100054, P. R. China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020, P. R. China
| | - Shiyao Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020, P. R. China
| | - Run Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhengzhou Central HospitalZhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dingyun Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100054, P. R. China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesBeijing 100029, P. R. China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100029, P. R. China
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17
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Lu Q, El-Hashash AHK. Cell-based therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:22. [PMID: 31559309 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.06.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an example of interstitial lung diseases that is characterized by chronic, progressive, and fibrotic lung injuries. During lung fibrosis, normal healthy lung tissues are replaced by remarkably destroyed alveolar architecture and altered extracellular cell matrix. These changes eventually cause severe disruption of the tightly-controlled gas exchange process and reduction of lung compliance that ultimately lead to both respiratory failure and death. In the last decade, progress has been made toward understanding the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, and two novel disease-modifying therapies were approved. However, finding more effective treatments for pulmonary fibrosis is still a challenge, with its incidence continues to increase globally, which is associated with significantly high mortality, morbidity and economical healthcare burden. Different stem cell types have recently emerged as a promising therapy for human diseases, including lung fibrosis, with numerous studies on the identification, characterization, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. A large body of both basic and pre-clinical research on stem cells has been recently translated to patient care worldwide. Herein, we review recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of IPF, and types of cells used in IPF cell-based therapies, including alveolar and mixed lung epithelial cells, different stem cell types (MSCs, ADSCs, IPSCs…etc.), endogenous lung tissue-specific stem cells, and circulating endothelial progenitors (EPCs). We also discuss recent studies on the applications of these cells in IPF therapy and their delivery routes, effective doses for cell therapy, and timing of delivery. Finally, we discuss attractive recent and current clinical trials conducted on cell-based therapy for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lu
- The University of Edinburgh-Zhejiang International campus (UoE-ZJU Institute), Haining, China.,Centre of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Schools of Medicine & Basic Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ahmed H K El-Hashash
- The University of Edinburgh-Zhejiang International campus (UoE-ZJU Institute), Haining, China.,Centre of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Schools of Medicine & Basic Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Nie Y, Zhang D, Qian F, Wu Y. Baccatin III ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via suppression of TGF-β1 production and TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105696. [PMID: 31229901 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and generally lethal lung disease with a high mortality rate. Current therapeutic drugs exhibit limited efficacy but severe adverse effects. Paclitaxel has been identified to exert both anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis activity. Baccatin III (BAC), an important precursor of paclitaxel, has been identified as exhibiting immunomodulatory activity with decisively lower toxicity. However, its effects on pulmonary fibrosis remain unknown. In this study, the role of BAC in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation in mice was investigated in addition to elucidation of its mechanism of action. Our results demonstrated that administration of BAC in a dose-dependent manner reduced inflammatory infiltration, secretion of the pro-fibrotic mediator TGF-β1 and deposition of collagen and other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin. Administration of BAC to treat isolated macrophages stimulated with IL-13, known to activate macrophages, the principal source of TGF-β1, resulted in markedly reduced TGF-β1 expression from macrophages. The AKT/STAT6 signaling pathway was shown to be involved in this process. In addition, we have provided in vitro evidence that BAC inhibits TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation via the Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, intratracheal injection of rTGF-β1 significantly exacerbated the degree of fibrosis which was down-regulated by treatment with BAC. Taken together, our data suggest that BAC exerts a protective effect against lung fibrosis and may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Yaxian Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China.
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19
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Maher TM, Kreuter M, Lederer DJ, Brown KK, Wuyts W, Verbruggen N, Stutvoet S, Fieuw A, Ford P, Abi-Saab W, Wijsenbeek M. Rationale, design and objectives of two phase III, randomised, placebo-controlled studies of GLPG1690, a novel autotaxin inhibitor, in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ISABELA 1 and 2). BMJ Open Respir Res 2019; 6:e000422. [PMID: 31179008 PMCID: PMC6530501 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2019-000422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction While current standard of care (SOC) for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) slows disease progression, prognosis remains poor. Therefore, an unmet need exists for novel, well-tolerated agents that reduce lung function decline and improve quality of life. Here we report the design of two phase III studies of the novel IPF therapy, GLPG1690. Methods and analysis Two identically designed, phase III, international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre studies (ISABELA 1 and 2) were initiated in November 2018. It is planned that, in each study, 750 subjects with IPF will be randomised 1:1:1 to receive oral GLPG1690 600 mg, GLPG1690 200 mg or placebo, once daily, on top of local SOC, for at least 52 weeks. The primary endpoint is rate of decline of forced vital capacity (FVC) over 52 weeks. Key secondary endpoints are week 52 composite endpoint of disease progression or all-cause mortality (defined as composite endpoint of first occurrence of ≥10% absolute decline in per cent predicted FVC or all-cause mortality at week 52); time to first respiratory-related hospitalisation until end of study; and week 52 change from baseline in the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score (a quality-of-life measure). Ethics and dissemination Studies will be conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines, Declaration of Helsinki principles, and local ethical and legal requirements. Results will be reported in a peer-reviewed publication. Trial registration numbers NCT03711162; NCT03733444.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby M Maher
- NIHR Respiratory Clinical Research Facility, Royal Brompton Hospital, and Fibrosis Research Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Centre for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg, and German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David J Lederer
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Kevin K Brown
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Wim Wuyts
- Unit for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marlies Wijsenbeek
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Para R, Romero F, George G, Summer R. Metabolic Reprogramming as a Driver of Fibroblast Activation in PulmonaryFibrosis. Am J Med Sci 2019; 357:394-398. [PMID: 30879738 PMCID: PMC6478549 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders that scar the lung, most often irreversibly. To date, there are limited effective treatments for these conditions, despite decades of research in this area of investigation. In pulmonary fibrosis, the principle cell responsible for producing the vast majority of scar tissue is the fibroblast, making these cells ideally suited for drug targeting. For decades, the major experimental approach to blocking the activity of lung fibroblasts has been either to inhibit the interaction of fibroblast growth factors with their receptors or interfere with downstream effector molecules regulating extracellular matrix production. However, emerging evidence now indicates that lung fibroblasts also undergo dramatic metabolic reprogramming in the setting of growth factor stimulation. These discoveries, along with preclinical investigations showing marked reductions in lung fibrosis after targeting specific metabolic pathways, has led to a total rethinking of drug development in the pulmonary fibrosis field. Here, we review the major metabolic pathways and highlight some of the key metabolic events that occur in the transition of fibroblasts from quiescent to activated states. Moreover, we discuss the emerging evidence linking changes in fibroblast metabolism to pulmonary fibrosis and propose how targeting specific metabolic pathways could be employed in the treatment of fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Para
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Research and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and; Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Freddy Romero
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Research and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and; Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gautam George
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Research and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and; Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ross Summer
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Research and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and; Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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21
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Ikeda S, Sekine A, Baba T, Katano T, Tabata E, Shintani R, Sadoyama S, Yamakawa H, Oda T, Okuda R, Kitamura H, Iwasawa T, Takemura T, Ogura T. Negative impact of anorexia and weight loss during prior pirfenidone administration on subsequent nintedanib treatment in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:78. [PMID: 30975118 PMCID: PMC6458823 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current clinical practice guidelines for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) conditionally recommend use of pirfenidone and nintedanib. However, an optimal treatment sequence has not been established, and the data of treatment sequence from pirfenidone to nintedanib are limited. This study aimed to evaluate safety, tolerability and efficacy of nintedanib switched from pirfenidone in patients with IPF. METHODS Thirty consecutive IPF cases, which discontinued pirfenidone because of a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) or intolerable adverse event (AE), and newly started nintedanib (150 mg twice daily) from September 2015 to August 2017 (switch-group) were retrospectively reviewed. Subsequently, we compared the characteristics, treatment status, and AEs between the switch-group and other 64 IPF patients newly started nintedanib during the same period without any prior anti-fibrotic treatment (pirfenidone-naïve group). RESULTS In the switch group, median age, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and %FVC were 72 years old, 54.9 kg, 21.0 kg/m2, and 52.9%, respectively. Most common AE of nintedanib was aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase elevation (71.9%), followed by anorexia (46.7%) and diarrhea (46.7%); whereas, anorexia (63.3%) and ≥ 5% weight loss from baseline (56.7%) were common during pirfenidone administration. Sixteen patients (53.3%) discontinued nintedanib within 6 months (early termination). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between low BMI and early nintedanib termination in the switch-group (p = 0.0239). Nintedanib suppressed FVC decline as compared with that during administration period of pirfenidone in 70% of the patients who could undergo lung function before and after switching to nintedanib. The incidence of early termination of nintedanib was higher in the switch-group than in the pirfenidone-naïve group, whereas body-weight, BMI, absolute FVC values, and %FVC were significantly lower in the switch-group (just before nintedanib initiation) than in the pirfenidone-naïve group. Nintedanib-induced anorexia was more frequent and severer in the switch-group than in the pirfenidone-naïve group, but no significant differences were observed in terms of other AEs. CONCLUSIONS A high incidence of early termination of nintedanib was noted when patients were switched from pirfenidone. Anorexia and weight loss during prior pirfenidone administration may increase the rate of the early termination of subsequent nintedanib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ikeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan.
| | - Akimasa Sekine
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Baba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Takuma Katano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Erina Tabata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Ryota Shintani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Shinko Sadoyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yamakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Oda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Ryo Okuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Hideya Kitamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Tae Iwasawa
- Department of Radiology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Tamiko Takemura
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0051, Japan
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22
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Huang X, Li L, Ammar R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ravi K, Thompson J, Jarai G. Molecular characterization of a precision-cut rat lung slice model for the evaluation of antifibrotic drugs. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L348-L357. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00339.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The translation of novel pulmonary fibrosis therapies from preclinical models into the clinic represents a major challenge demonstrated by the high attrition rate of compounds that showed efficacy in preclinical models but demonstrated no significant beneficial effects in clinical trials. A precision-cut lung tissue slice (PCLS) contains all major cell types of the lung and preserves the original cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. It represents a promising ex vivo model to study pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, using RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) induced robust fibrotic responses in the rat PCLS model, as it changed the expression of genes functionally related to extracellular matrix remodeling, cell adhesion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and various immune responses. Nintedanib, pirfenidone, and sorafenib each reversed a subset of genes modulated by TGFβ1, and of those genes we identified 229 whose expression was reversed by all three drugs. These genes define a molecular signature characterizing many aspects of pulmonary fibrosis pathology and its attenuation in the rat PCLS fibrosis model. A panel of 12 genes and three secreted biomarkers, including procollagen I, hyaluronic acid, and WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 were validated as efficacy end points for the evaluation of antifibrotic activity of experimental compounds. Finally, we showed that blockade of αV-integrins suppressed TGFβ1-induced fibrotic responses in the rat PCLS fibrosis model. Overall, our results suggest that the TGFβ1-induced rat PCLS fibrosis model may represent a valuable system for target validation and to determine the efficacy of experimental compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Ron Ammar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Yihe Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Kandasamy Ravi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - John Thompson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Gabor Jarai
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
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23
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Kim HS, Yoon YM, Meang MK, Park YE, Lee JY, Lee TH, Lee JE, Kim IH, Youn BS. Reversion of in vivo fibrogenesis by novel chromone scaffolds. EBioMedicine 2019; 39:484-496. [PMID: 30611717 PMCID: PMC6355727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myofibroblasts are known to play a key role in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Two drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, are the only approved therapeutic options for IPF, but their applications are limited due to their side effects. Thus, curative IPF drugs represent a huge unmet medical need. METHODS A mouse hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line was established that could robustly differentiate into myofibroblasts upon treatment with TGF-β. Eupatilin was assessed in diseased human lung fibroblasts from IPF patients (DHLFs) as well as in human lung epithelial cells (HLECs). The drug's performance was extensively tested in a bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model (BLM). Global gene expression studies and proteome analysis were performed. FINDINGS Eupatilin attenuated disease severity of BLM in both preventative and therapeutic studies. The drug inhibited the in vitro transdifferantiation of DHLFs to myofibroblasts upon stimulation with TGF-β. No such induction of the in vitro transdifferantiation was observed in TGF-β treated HLECs. Specific carbons of eupatilin were essential for its anti-fibrotic activity. Eupatilin was capable of dismantling latent TGF-β complex, specifically by eliminating expression of the latent TGF-β binding protein 1 (LTBP1), in ECM upon actin depolymerization. Unlike eupatilin, pirfenidone was unable to block fibrosis of DHLFs or HSCs stimulated with TGF-β. Eupatilin attenuated phosphorylation of Smad3 by TGF-β. Eupatilin induced myofibroblasts to dedifferentiate into intermediate HCS-like cells. INTERPRETATION Eupatilin may act directly on pathogenic myofibroblasts, disarming them, whereas the anti-fibrotic effect of pirfenidone may be indirect. Eupatilin could increase the efficacy of IPF treatment to curative levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25601, Republic of Korea; Basic Research Division, Biomedical Institute of Mycological Resource, College of Medicine,Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Moon Kee Meang
- OsteoNeuroGenInc, Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yae Eun Park
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korean Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Lee
- School of Oriental Medicine, Formulae Pharmacology Department, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korean Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Aubert JD, Mikulic J, Golshayan D. Fibrogenic Disorders in Human Diseases: From Inflammation to Organ Dysfunction. J Med Chem 2018; 61:9811-9840. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucienne Juillerat-Jeanneret
- Transplantation Center and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John-David Aubert
- Pneumology Division and Transplantation Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), CH1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Josip Mikulic
- Transplantation Center and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dela Golshayan
- Transplantation Center and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Serotonin Exhibits Accelerated Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis through TPH1 Knockout Mouse Experiments. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:7967868. [PMID: 29849496 PMCID: PMC5926513 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7967868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive fibrosis interstitial lung disease that is characterized by inflammatory infiltration and fibrotic changes. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is an important regulatory factor in inflammation, immunomodulation, and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of 5-HT in bleomycin- (BLM-) induced pulmonary fibrosis through wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) and TPH1 knockout (KO) mouse experiments. Methods The mice were grouped as follows: WT control group, KO control group, WT BLM group, and KO BLM group. Mice were administrated bleomycin hydrochloride through intratracheal instillation to induce pulmonary fibrosis. Mice were sacrificed 0, 7, 14, and 21 days after modeling, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected to determine the severity of fibrotic changes. Results The results showed that the weight loss of mice in the WT BLM group was more severe than that in the KO BLM group. H&E and Sirius Red staining revealed that 5-HT markedly aggravated histological damage and fibrotic changes in the lung. Significantly lower levels of hydroxyproline, Ashcroft fibrosis score, total BALF protein and cells, BALF tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α and interleukin- (IL-) 6, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA, malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase- (MPO-) positive cells in the lung tissues, and fibrosis-associated proteins were discovered in the mice from the KO BLM group compared with the WT BLM group. Conclusion 5-HT aggravated pulmonary fibrosis mainly by promoting the inflammation, exudation of proteins and cells, oxidative stress, and upregulation of fibrosis-associated genes in the lung tissues.
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Abstract
Pirfenidone (Esbriet®) is available as capsules containing 267 mg of pirfenidone and, more recently, as bioequivalent tablets containing 267, 534 or 801 mg of pirfenidone. Both formulations are indicated to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), with pirfenidone being shown to generally reduce the rate of decline in forced vital capacity in patients with mild to moderate IPF, while prolonging progression-free survival and reducing the risk of IPF-related and all-cause mortality. The availability of the tablet formulation reduces the daily pill burden of pirfenidone, as the recommended daily divided maintenance dose of 2403 mg/day may be administered as one 801 mg tablet three times daily instead of three 267 mg capsules three times daily. Pirfenidone is associated with gastrointestinal and skin-related events, with such events generally being manageable.
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Harari S, Humbert M. Rare pulmonary diseases: a common fight. Eur Respir Rev 2017; 26:26/145/170059. [PMID: 28877977 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0059-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Harari
- U.O. di Pneumologia e Terapia Semi-Intensiva Respiratoria, Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria ed Emodinamica Polmonare, Ospedale San Giuseppe, MultiMedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marc Humbert
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Service de Pneumologie, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre (Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Inserm UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
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