1
|
Singh M, Batt SM, Canales CSC, Pavan FR, Kumar SA, Akshatha HS, Bhagyalalitha M, Pujar KG, Bidye D, Pujar GV, Besra GS. Novel hybrids of 1,2,3-triazole-benzoxazole: design, synthesis, and assessment of DprE1 enzyme inhibitors using fluorometric assay and computational analysis. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2403744. [PMID: 39329328 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2403744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-D-ribose-oxidase (DprE1), a subunit of the essential decaprenylphosphoribose-2'-epimerase, plays a crucial role in the synthesis of cell wall arabinan components in mycobacteria, including the pathogen responsible for tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this study, we designed, synthesised, and evaluated 15 (BOK-1-BOK-10 and BOP-1-BOP-5) potential inhibitors of DprE1 from a series of 1,2,3-triazole ligands using a validated DprE1 inhibition assay. Two compounds, BOK-2 and BOK-3, demonstrated significant inhibition with IC50 values of 2.2 ± 0.1 and 3.0 ± 0.6 μM, respectively, whereas the standard drug (TCA-1) showed inhibition at 3.0 ± 0.2 μM. Through molecular modelling and dynamic simulations, we explored the structural relationships between selected 1,2,3-triazole compounds and DprE1, revealing key features for effective drug-target interactions. This study introduces a novel approach for designing ligands against DprE1, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for tuberculosis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Design Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, India
| | - Sarah M Batt
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christian S C Canales
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paulista State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando R Pavan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paulista State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Sethu Arun Kumar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, India
| | - Handattu S Akshatha
- Computer Aided Drug Design Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, India
| | - Meduri Bhagyalalitha
- Computer Aided Drug Design Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, India
| | - Karthik G Pujar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, India
| | - Durgesh Bidye
- Computer Aided Drug Design Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, India
| | - Gurubasavaraj V Pujar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, India
| | - Gurdyal S Besra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Panickar A, Manoharan A, Anbarasu A, Ramaiah S. Respiratory tract infections: an update on the complexity of bacterial diversity, therapeutic interventions and breakthroughs. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:382. [PMID: 39153075 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) have a significant impact on global health, especially among children and the elderly. The key bacterial pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and non-fermenting Gram Negative bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are most commonly associated with RTIs. These bacterial pathogens have evolved a diverse array of resistance mechanisms through horizontal gene transfer, often mediated by mobile genetic elements and environmental acquisition. Treatment failures are primarily due to antimicrobial resistance and inadequate bacterial engagement, which necessitates the development of alternative treatment strategies. To overcome this, our review mainly focuses on different virulence mechanisms and their resulting pathogenicity, highlighting different therapeutic interventions to combat resistance. To prevent the antimicrobial resistance crisis, we also focused on leveraging the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning to manage RTIs. Integrative approaches combining mechanistic insights are crucial for addressing the global challenge of antimicrobial resistance in respiratory infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avani Panickar
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Anand Manoharan
- Infectious Diseases Medical and Scientific Affairs, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Worli, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anand Anbarasu
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Sudha Ramaiah
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khilnani GC, Tiwari P, Mittal S, Kulkarni AP, Chaudhry D, Zirpe KG, Todi SK, Mohan A, Hegde A, Jagiasi BG, Krishna B, Rodrigues C, Govil D, Pal D, Divatia JV, Sengar M, Gupta M, Desai M, Rungta N, Prayag PS, Bhattacharya PK, Samavedam S, Dixit SB, Sharma S, Bandopadhyay S, Kola VR, Deswal V, Mehta Y, Singh YP, Myatra SN. Guidelines for Antibiotics Prescription in Critically Ill Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024; 28:S104-S216. [PMID: 39234229 PMCID: PMC11369928 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
How to cite this article: Khilnani GC, Tiwari P, Mittal S, Kulkarni AP, Chaudhry D, Zirpe KG, et al. Guidelines for Antibiotics Prescription in Critically Ill Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(S2):S104-S216.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopi C Khilnani
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, PSRI Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Tiwari
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Mittal
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul P Kulkarni
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhruva Chaudhry
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Kapil G Zirpe
- Department of Neuro Trauma Unit, Grant Medical Foundation, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Subhash K Todi
- Department of Critical Care, AMRI Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anant Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashit Hegde
- Department of Medicine & Critical Care, P D Hinduja National Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Bharat G Jagiasi
- Department of Critical Care, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhuvana Krishna
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, St John's Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - Camila Rodrigues
- Department of Microbiology, P D Hinduja National Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Deepak Govil
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesia, Medanta – The Medicity, GuruGram, Haryana, India
| | - Divya Pal
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesia, Medanta – The Medicity, GuruGram, Haryana, India
| | - Jigeeshu V Divatia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manju Sengar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Center, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mansi Gupta
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Desai
- Department of Immunology, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Narendra Rungta
- Department of Critical Care & Anaesthesiology, Rajasthan Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Parikshit S Prayag
- Department of Transplant Infectious Diseases, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pradip K Bhattacharya
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Srinivas Samavedam
- Department of Critical Care, Ramdev Rao Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Subhal B Dixit
- Department of Critical Care, Sanjeevan and MJM Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudivya Sharma
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Susruta Bandopadhyay
- Department of Critical Care, AMRI Hospitals Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Venkat R Kola
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vikas Deswal
- Consultant, Infectious Diseases, Medanta - The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Yatin Mehta
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesia, Medanta – The Medicity, GuruGram, Haryana, India
| | - Yogendra P Singh
- Department of Critical Care, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj, New Delhi, India
| | - Sheila N Myatra
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Q, Song M, Hu Z, Ding Y, Huang C, Liu J. Pediatric respiratory pathogen dynamics in Southern Sichuan, China: a retrospective analysis of gender, age, and seasonal trends. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1374571. [PMID: 39086626 PMCID: PMC11288815 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1374571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To address the research gap in the epidemiology of pediatric respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in Luzhou, Southern Sichuan, China, by analyzing respiratory pathogens in a large pediatric cohort from 2018 to 2021, covering the pre- and during-COVID-19 periods. Methods This study conducted a retrospective analysis of children with RTIs in Luzhou from July 2018 to January 2021. Strict exclusion criteria were applied to ensure an accurate representation of the pediatric population. Pathogen detection included viruses, bacteria, and atypical agents. Results Pathogens were identified in 52.8% of 12,546 cases. Viruses accounted for 32.2% of infections, bacteria for 29.8%, and atypical agents for 29.7%, with significant findings of Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Age-related analysis indicated a higher incidence of bacterial infections in infants and viral infections in preschool-aged children, with atypical pathogens being most prevalent in 3-5-year-olds. Gender-based analysis, adjusted for age, revealed similar overall pathogen presence; however, females were more susceptible to viral infections, while males were more prone to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Notably, there was an unusual increase in pathogen cases during spring, potentially influenced by behavioral changes and public health measures related to COVID-19. Co-infections were identified as a significant risk factor for the development of pneumonia. Conclusion The study provides essential insights into the epidemiology of respiratory pathogens in pediatric populations, emphasizing the need for healthcare strategies tailored to age, gender, and seasonality. The findings highlight the impact of environmental and public health factors, including COVID-19 measures, on respiratory pathogen prevalence, underscoring the importance of targeted diagnostic and treatment protocols in pediatric respiratory infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yinhuan Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chengliang Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cui C, Timbrook TT, Polacek C, Heins Z, Rosenthal NA. Disease burden and high-risk populations for complications in patients with acute respiratory infections: a scoping review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1325236. [PMID: 38818396 PMCID: PMC11138209 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1325236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) represent a significant public health concern in the U.S. This study aimed to describe the disease burden of ARIs and identify U.S. populations at high risk of developing complications. Methods This scoping review searched PubMed and EBSCO databases to analyze U.S. studies from 2013 to 2022, focusing on disease burden, complications, and high-risk populations associated with ARIs. Results The study included 60 studies and showed that ARI is associated with a significant disease burden and healthcare resource utilization (HRU). In 2019, respiratory infection and tuberculosis caused 339,703 cases per 100,000 people, with most cases being upper respiratory infections and most deaths being lower respiratory infections. ARI is responsible for millions of outpatient visits, especially for influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia, and indirect costs of billions of dollars. ARI is caused by multiple pathogens and poses a significant burden on hospitalizations and outpatient visits. Risk factors for HRU associated with ARI include age, chronic conditions, and socioeconomic factors. Conclusion The review underscores the substantial disease burden of ARIs and the influence of age, chronic conditions, and socioeconomic status on developing complications. It highlights the necessity for targeted strategies for high-risk populations and effective pathogen detection to prevent severe complications and reduce HRU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chendi Cui
- PINC, AI Applied Sciences, Premier Inc., Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Tristan T. Timbrook
- Global Medical Affairs, bioMérieux, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Cate Polacek
- PINC, AI Applied Sciences, Premier Inc., Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Zoe Heins
- Global Medical Affairs, bioMérieux, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Ning A. Rosenthal
- PINC, AI Applied Sciences, Premier Inc., Charlotte, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Starshinova A, Kudryavtsev I, Rubinstein A, Malkova A, Dovgaluk I, Kudlay D. Tuberculosis and COVID-19 Dually Affect Human Th17 Cell Immune Response. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2123. [PMID: 37626620 PMCID: PMC10452633 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 infection not only profoundly impacts the detection of tuberculosis infection (Tbc) but also affects modality in tuberculosis patient immune response. It is important to determine immune response alterations in latent tuberculosis infection as well as in SARS-CoV-2-infected tuberculosis patients. Such changes may have underlying effects on the development and course of further tuberculosis. Here, we aimed to review the characteristics of immune response in TB patients or convalescent COVID-19 patients with latent TB infection (LTBI). MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the features of immune response in tuberculosis and COVID-19 patients. For this, we analyzed publications released from December 2019 to March 2023; those which were published in accessible international databases ("Medline", "PubMed", "Scopus") and with keywords such as "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "tuberculosis", "pulmonary tuberculosis", "latent tuberculosis infection", "Treg", "follicular Treg", and "Treg subsets", we considered. RESULTS Through our analysis, we found that tuberculosis patients who had been infected with COVID-19 previously and elevated Th1 and Th2 cell levels. High levels of Th1 and Th2 cells may serve as a positive marker, characterizing activated immune response during TB infection. COVID-19 or post-COVID-19 subjects showed decreased Th17 levels, indicating a lack of tuberculosis development. Moreover, the typical course of tuberculosis is associated with an increase in Treg level, but COVID-19 contributes to a hyperinflammatory response. CONCLUSION According to the data obtained, the course of tuberculosis proceeds in a dissimilar way due to the distinct immune response, elicited by SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, the development of active tuberculosis with a severe course is associated with a decline in Treg levels. Both pathogens lead to disturbed immune responses, increasing the risk of developing severe TB. The insights and findings of this paper may be used to improve the future management of individuals with latent and active tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starshinova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor Kudryavtsev
- Department of Immunology, Institution of Experimental Medicine, 197022 St-Petersburg, Russia; (I.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Artem Rubinstein
- Department of Immunology, Institution of Experimental Medicine, 197022 St-Petersburg, Russia; (I.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Anna Malkova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Irina Dovgaluk
- Phthisiopulmonology Department, Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 191036 St-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Dmitry Kudlay
- Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chapman R, D'Angelo A, Bagby S. Nanopore-based metagenomic sequencing: a diagnostic tool in respiratory tract infection. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00461-2022. [PMID: 36545212 PMCID: PMC9761407 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00461-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This correspondence highlights the burden of respiratory tract infection and focuses on nanopore sequencing as a promising approach in diagnostics https://bit.ly/3fgs8zg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Chapman
- Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow, UK,Robert Chapman ()
| | | | - Stefan Bagby
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Dynamics of the Epidemic Indicators before and after COVID-19 Pandemic. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101468. [PMID: 36294903 PMCID: PMC9605375 DOI: 10.3390/life12101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The measures taken against tuberculosis (TB) in recent years in the Russian Federation have been highly effective. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic may seriously undermine the progress that has been made in the fight against TB. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the epidemiological rates of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The analysis was conducted by considering the main epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis, according to the federal statistics for the period from 2017 to 2021. The parameters were estimated according to the data received from 11 areas in the North-Western region. Statistical analysis was carried out using the free software computing environment R (v.3.5.1) and the commercial software package Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 24.0, IBM Corp., 2016). Research results. We found a positive correlation between the incidence among the overall population and the incidence among children aged 0–17, inclusively (r = 0.55 in 2017, r = 0.60 in 2020, and r = 0.53 in 2021). Along with the received regularities, a different trend is shown in the data analysis of general incidence and health X-ray examination for tuberculosis among the general population. The correlation has decreased threefold from 2017 (r = 0.72) to 2020 (r = 0.32); this negative trend might be the result of factors such as the quality of X-ray screening examinations among the general population, and the reduced assessment objectivity of the tuberculosis incidence rate. Conclusions. In assessing the correlation between general incidence and incidence in children under 17 years of age, as well as between incidence and mortality in the Russian Federation, a positive correlation was found with an increasing trend. Such a discrepancy might be due to decreases in the occupational health examination coverage among the general population. Therefore, in the years ahead, we can expect epidemiological indicators to increase incidence and mortality, including child mortality, associated with the insufficient detection of tuberculosis among the population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
|
9
|
Safont G, Latorre I, Villar-Hernández R, Stojanovic Z, Marín A, Pérez-Cano C, Lacoma A, Molina-Moya B, Solis AJ, Arméstar F, Matllo J, Díaz-Fernández S, Cendón A, Sokalchuk L, Tolosa G, Casas I, Rosell A, Domínguez J. Measuring T-Cell Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Is of Utility for Disease and Vaccination Management. J Clin Med 2022; 11:5103. [PMID: 36079033 PMCID: PMC9457376 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The measurement of specific T-cell responses can be a useful tool for COVID-19 diagnostics and clinical management. In this study, we evaluated the IFN-γ T-cell response against the main SARS-CoV-2 antigens (spike, nucleocapsid and membrane) in acute and convalescent individuals classified according to severity, and in vaccinated and unvaccinated controls. IgG against spike and nucleocapsid were also measured. Spike antigen triggered the highest number of T-cell responses. Acute patients showed a low percentage of positive responses when compared to convalescent (71.6% vs. 91.7%, respectively), but increased during hospitalization and with severity. Some convalescent patients showed an IFN-γ T-cell response more than 200 days after diagnosis. Only half of the vaccinated individuals displayed an IFN-γ T-cell response after the second dose. IgG response was found in a higher percentage of individuals compared to IFN-γ T-cell responses, and moderate correlations between both responses were seen. However, in some acute COVID-19 patients specific T-cell response was detected, but not IgG production. We found that the chances of an IFN-γ T-cell response against SARS-CoV-2 is low during acute phase, but may increase over time, and that only half of the vaccinated individuals had an IFN-γ T-cell response after the second dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Safont
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Irene Latorre
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Raquel Villar-Hernández
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Zoran Stojanovic
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Alicia Marín
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Cristina Pérez-Cano
- Basic Unit for the Prevention of Occupational Risks (UBP), Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Alicia Lacoma
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Bárbara Molina-Moya
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alan Jhunior Solis
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Fernando Arméstar
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Joan Matllo
- Basic Unit for the Prevention of Occupational Risks (UBP), Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Sergio Díaz-Fernández
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Arnau Cendón
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Liliya Sokalchuk
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Guillermo Tolosa
- Diagnostic and Research in Immunodeficiencies Jeffrey Modell Center, Cytometry and Cellular Culture Area, La Frontera University, Temuco 01145, Chile
| | - Irma Casas
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Preventive Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - José Domínguez
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|