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Wu JM, Qiu WR, Liu Z, Xu ZC, Zhang SH. Integrative approach for classifying male tumors based on DNA methylation 450K data. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:19133-19151. [PMID: 38052593 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignancies such as bladder urothelial carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, liver hepatocellular carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma and prostate adenocarcinoma significantly impact men's well-being. Accurate cancer classification is vital in determining treatment strategies and improving patient prognosis. This study introduced an innovative method that utilizes gene selection from high-dimensional datasets to enhance the performance of the male tumor classification algorithm. The method assesses the reliability of DNA methylation data to distinguish the five most prevalent types of male cancers from normal tissues by employing DNA methylation 450K data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. First, the chi-square test is used for dimensionality reduction and second, L1 penalized logistic regression is used for feature selection. Furthermore, the stacking ensemble learning technique was employed to integrate seven common multiclassification models. Experimental results demonstrated that the ensemble learning model utilizing multiple classification models outperformed any base classification model. The proposed ensemble model achieved an astonishing overall accuracy (ACC) of 99.2% in independent testing data. Moreover, it may present novel ideas and pathways for the early detection and treatment of future diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ming Wu
- Computer Department, Jing-De-Zhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Wang-Ren Qiu
- Computer Department, Jing-De-Zhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Zi Liu
- Computer Department, Jing-De-Zhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Zhao-Chun Xu
- Computer Department, Jing-De-Zhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Shou-Hua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
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Patel M, Patel D, Datta S, Singh U. CGGBP1-regulated cytosine methylation at CTCF-binding motifs resists stochasticity. BMC Genet 2020; 21:84. [PMID: 32727353 PMCID: PMC7392725 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00894-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human CGGBP1 binds to GC-rich regions and interspersed repeats, maintains homeostasis of stochastic cytosine methylation and determines DNA-binding of CTCF. Interdependence between regulation of cytosine methylation and CTCF occupancy by CGGBP1 remains unknown. Results By analyzing methylated DNA-sequencing data obtained from CGGBP1-depleted cells, we report that some transcription factor-binding sites, including CTCF, resist stochastic changes in cytosine methylation. By analysing CTCF-binding sites we show that cytosine methylation changes at CTCF motifs caused by CGGBP1 depletion resist stochastic changes. These CTCF-binding sites are positioned at locations where the spread of cytosine methylation in cis depends on the levels of CGGBP1. Conclusion Our findings suggest that CTCF occupancy and functions are determined by CGGBP1-regulated cytosine methylation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manthan Patel
- HoMeCell Lab, Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Divyesh Patel
- HoMeCell Lab, Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Subhamoy Datta
- HoMeCell Lab, Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Umashankar Singh
- HoMeCell Lab, Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Distinct epigenomic and transcriptomic modifications associated with Wolbachia-mediated asexuality. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008397. [PMID: 32187233 PMCID: PMC7105135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia are maternally transmitted intracellular bacteria that induce a range of pathogenic and fitness-altering effects on insect and nematode hosts. In parasitoid wasps of the genus Trichogramma, Wolbachia infection induces asexual production of females, thus increasing transmission of Wolbachia. It has been hypothesized that Wolbachia infection accompanies a modification of the host epigenome. However, to date, data on genome-wide epigenomic changes associated with Wolbachia are limited, and are often confounded by background genetic differences. Here, we took sexually reproducing Trichogramma free of Wolbachia and introgressed their genome into a Wolbachia-infected cytoplasm, converting them to Wolbachia-mediated asexuality. Wolbachia was then cured from replicates of these introgressed lines, allowing us to examine the genome-wide effects of wasps newly converted to asexual reproduction while controlling for genetic background. We thus identified gene expression and DNA methylation changes associated with Wolbachia-infection. We found no overlaps between differentially expressed genes and differentially methylated genes, indicating that Wolbachia-infection associated DNA methylation change does not directly modulate levels of gene expression. Furthermore, genes affected by these mechanisms exhibit distinct evolutionary histories. Genes differentially methylated due to the infection tended to be evolutionarily conserved. In contrast, differentially expressed genes were significantly more likely to be unique to the Trichogramma lineage, suggesting host-specific transcriptomic responses to infection. Nevertheless, we identified several novel aspects of Wolbachia-associated DNA methylation changes. Differentially methylated genes included those involved in oocyte development and chromosome segregation. Interestingly, Wolbachia-infection was associated with higher levels of DNA methylation. Additionally, Wolbachia infection reduced overall variability in gene expression, even after accounting for the effect of DNA methylation. We also identified specific cases where alternative exon usage was associated with DNA methylation changes due to Wolbachia infection. These results begin to reveal distinct genes and molecular pathways subject to Wolbachia induced epigenetic modification and/or host responses to Wolbachia-infection. Wolbachia is an extremely common endosymbiotic infection of arthropods and nematodes. One of the reasons why Wolbachia can so successfully infect diverse species is the bacterium’s ability to profoundly alter the reproductive behavior of its host. It has been proposed that Wolbachia may modify host’s epigenetic programs to alter its reproductive behavior. However, it has been difficult to study how epigenetic programs change with Wolbachia infection, due to the confounding effects of genetic backgrounds. Here, we studied host transcriptome and epigenome changes associated with Wolbachia infection in a homogenous genetic background, by carrying out an innovative introgression scheme. By doing so, we show, for the first time, high-resolution molecular consequences of intracellular infection and offer insights into epigenetic and transcriptomic regulation of invertebrates.
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Huh I, Wu X, Park T, Yi SV. Detecting differential DNA methylation from sequencing of bisulfite converted DNA of diverse species. Brief Bioinform 2019; 20:33-46. [PMID: 28981571 PMCID: PMC6357555 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbx077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of the most extensively studied epigenetic modifications of genomic DNA. In recent years, sequencing of bisulfite-converted DNA, particularly via next-generation sequencing technologies, has become a widely popular method to study DNA methylation. This method can be readily applied to a variety of species, dramatically expanding the scope of DNA methylation studies beyond the traditionally studied human and mouse systems. In parallel to the increasing wealth of genomic methylation profiles, many statistical tools have been developed to detect differentially methylated loci (DMLs) or differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between biological conditions. We discuss and summarize several key properties of currently available tools to detect DMLs and DMRs from sequencing of bisulfite-converted DNA. However, the majority of the statistical tools developed for DML/DMR analyses have been validated using only mammalian data sets, and less priority has been placed on the analyses of invertebrate or plant DNA methylation data. We demonstrate that genomic methylation profiles of non-mammalian species are often highly distinct from those of mammalian species using examples of honey bees and humans. We then discuss how such differences in data properties may affect statistical analyses. Based on these differences, we provide three specific recommendations to improve the power and accuracy of DML and DMR analyses of invertebrate data when using currently available statistical tools. These considerations should facilitate systematic and robust analyses of DNA methylation from diverse species, thus advancing our understanding of DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iksoo Huh
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Taesung Park
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University
| | - Soojin V Yi
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology
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Mendizabal I, Berto S, Usui N, Toriumi K, Chatterjee P, Douglas C, Huh I, Jeong H, Layman T, Tamminga CA, Preuss TM, Konopka G, Yi SV. Cell type-specific epigenetic links to schizophrenia risk in the brain. Genome Biol 2019; 20:135. [PMID: 31288836 PMCID: PMC6617737 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of cell type-specific epigenetic variation of non-coding regions in neuropsychiatric disorders is increasingly appreciated, yet data from disease brains are conspicuously lacking. We generate cell type-specific whole-genome methylomes (N = 95) and transcriptomes (N = 89) from neurons and oligodendrocytes obtained from brain tissue of patients with schizophrenia and matched controls. RESULTS The methylomes of the two cell types are highly distinct, with the majority of differential DNA methylation occurring in non-coding regions. DNA methylation differences between cases and controls are subtle compared to cell type differences, yet robust against permuted data and validated in targeted deep-sequencing analyses. Differential DNA methylation between control and schizophrenia tends to occur in cell type differentially methylated sites, highlighting the significance of cell type-specific epigenetic dysregulation in a complex neuropsychiatric disorder. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide novel and comprehensive methylome and transcriptome data from distinct cell populations within patient-derived brain tissues. This data clearly demonstrate that cell type epigenetic-differentiated sites are preferentially targeted by disease-associated epigenetic dysregulation. We further show reduced cell type epigenetic distinction in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Mendizabal
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Stefano Berto
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Noriyoshi Usui
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Center for Medical Research and Education, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuya Toriumi
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Paramita Chatterjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Connor Douglas
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Iksoo Huh
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hyeonsoo Jeong
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Thomas Layman
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Todd M Preuss
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Department of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Genevieve Konopka
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Soojin V Yi
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Jeong H, Wu X, Smith B, Yi SV. Genomic Landscape of Methylation Islands in Hymenopteran Insects. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:2766-2776. [PMID: 30239702 PMCID: PMC6195173 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide DNA methylation analyses of insect genomes accentuate an intriguing contrast compared with those in mammals. In mammals, most CpGs are heavily methylated, with the exceptions of clusters of hypomethylated sites referred to as CpG islands. In contrast, DNA methylation in insects is localized to a small number of CpG sites. Here, we refer to clusters of methylated CpGs as “methylation islands (MIs),” and investigate their characteristics in seven hymenopteran insects with high-quality bisulfite sequencing data. Methylation islands were primarily located within gene bodies. They were significantly overrepresented in exon–intron boundaries, indicating their potential roles in splicing. Methylated CpGs within MIs exhibited stronger evolutionary conservation compared with those outside of MIs. Additionally, genes harboring MIs exhibited higher and more stable levels of gene expression compared with those that do not harbor MIs. The effects of MIs on evolutionary conservation and gene expression are independent and stronger than the effect of DNA methylation alone. These results indicate that MIs may be useful to gain additional insights into understanding the role of DNA methylation in gene expression and evolutionary conservation in invertebrate genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonsoo Jeong
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brandon Smith
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Soojin V Yi
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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Cantone L, Iodice S, Tarantini L, Albetti B, Restelli I, Vigna L, Bonzini M, Pesatori AC, Bollati V. Particulate matter exposure is associated with inflammatory gene methylation in obese subjects. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 152:478-484. [PMID: 27838013 PMCID: PMC5250798 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are becoming more widespread with alarming projections for the coming years. Obesity may increase susceptibility to the adverse effects of PM exposure, exacerbating the effects on cardiovascular diseases and altering the biomarkers of vascular inflammation. The associated biological mechanisms have not been fully understood yet; the common denominator in the pathogenesis of the co-morbidities of obesity is the presence of an active, low-grade inflammatory process. DNA methylation has been shown to regulate inflammatory pathways that are responsible for the development of cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate, in a population of overweight/obese subjects, the effects of PM on blood DNA methylation in genes associated to inflammatory response. METHODS Using bisulfite pyrosequencing, we measured DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 186 overweighted/obese subjects. In particular, we quantified DNA methylation in a set of 3 candidate genes, including CD14, TLR4 and TNF-α, because of the important roles that these genes play in the inflammatory pathway. Personal exposure to PM10 was estimated for each subject based on the local PM10 concentrations, measured by monitoring stations at residential address. Repeated measure models were used to evaluate the association of PM10 with each genes, accounting for possible correlations among the genes that regulate the same inflammatory pathway. RESULTS We found an inverse association between the daily PM10 exposure and the DNA methylation of inflammatory genes, measured in peripheral blood of healthy overweight/obese subjects. Considering different exposure time-windows, the effect on CD14 and TLR4 methylation was observed, respectively, in days 4-5-6, and days 6-7-8. TNF-α methylation was not associated to PM10. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a picture in which PM10 exposure and transcriptional regulation of inflammatory gene pathway in obese subjects are associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cantone
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab., Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Simona Iodice
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab., Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Tarantini
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab., Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Albetti
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab., Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Restelli
- Department of Preventive Medicine, UOC Protezione e Promozione Salute Lavoratori Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisella Vigna
- Department of Preventive Medicine, UOC Protezione e Promozione Salute Lavoratori Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonzini
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab., Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Preventive Medicine, UOC Protezione e Promozione Salute Lavoratori Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Cecilia Pesatori
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab., Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab., Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Sun D, Yi SV. Impacts of Chromatin States and Long-Range Genomic Segments on Aging and DNA Methylation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128517. [PMID: 26091484 PMCID: PMC4475080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the fundamental dynamics of epigenome variation during normal aging is critical for elucidating key epigenetic alterations that affect development, cell differentiation and diseases. Advances in the field of aging and DNA methylation strongly support the aging epigenetic drift model. Although this model aligns with previous studies, the role of other epigenetic marks, such as histone modification, as well as the impact of sampling specific CpGs, must be evaluated. Ultimately, it is crucial to investigate how all CpGs in the human genome change their methylation with aging in their specific genomic and epigenomic contexts. Here, we analyze whole genome bisulfite sequencing DNA methylation maps of brain frontal cortex from individuals of diverse ages. Comparisons with blood data reveal tissue-specific patterns of epigenetic drift. By integrating chromatin state information, divergent degrees and directions of aging-associated methylation in different genomic regions are revealed. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing data also open a new door to investigate whether adjacent CpG sites exhibit coordinated DNA methylation changes with aging. We identified significant 'aging-segments', which are clusters of nearby CpGs that respond to aging by similar DNA methylation changes. These segments not only capture previously identified aging-CpGs but also include specific functional categories of genes with implications on epigenetic regulation of aging. For example, genes associated with development are highly enriched in positive aging segments, which are gradually hyper-methylated with aging. On the other hand, regions that are gradually hypo-methylated with aging ('negative aging segments') in the brain harbor genes involved in metabolism and protein ubiquitination. Given the importance of protein ubiquitination in proteome homeostasis of aging brains and neurodegenerative disorders, our finding suggests the significance of epigenetic regulation of this posttranslational modification pathway in the aging brain. Utilizing aging segments rather than individual CpGs will provide more comprehensive genomic and epigenomic contexts to understand the intricate associations between genomic neighborhoods and developmental and aging processes. These results complement the aging epigenetic drift model and provide new insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
| | - Soojin V. Yi
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States of America
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