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Scarlett H, Davisse-Paturet C, Longchamps C, Aarbaoui TE, Allaire C, Colleville AC, Convence-Arulthas M, Crouzet L, Ducarroz S, Melchior M. Depression during the COVID-19 pandemic amongst residents of homeless shelters in France. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021; 6:100243. [PMID: 34632442 PMCID: PMC8487751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected global mental health and well-being. However, the impact amongst homeless persons has not been fully evaluated. The ECHO study reports factors associated with depression amongst the homeless population living in shelters in France during the spring of 2020. Methods Interview data were collected from 527 participants living in temporary and/or emergency accommodation following France's first lockdown (02/05/20 – 07/06/20), in the metropolitan regions of Paris (74%), Lyon (19%) and Strasbourg (7%). Interviews were conducted in French, English, or with interpreters (33% of participants, ∼20 languages). Presence of depression was ascertained using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results Amongst ECHO study participants, 30% had symptoms of moderate to severe depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). Multivariate analysis revealed depression to be associated with being female (aOR: 2.15; CI: 1.26–3.69), single (aOR: 1.60; CI: 1.01–2.52), chronically ill (aOR: 2.32; CI: 1.43: 3.78), facing food insecurity (aOR: 2.12; CI: 1.40–3.22) and participants’ region of origin. Persons born African and Eastern Mediterranean regions showed higher levels of depression (30–33% of participants) than those migrating from other European countries (14%). Reduced rates of depression were observed amongst participants aged 30–49 (aOR: 0.60; CI: 0.38–0.95) and over 50 (aOR: 0.28; CI: 0.13–0.64), compared to 18–29-year-olds. Limitations These data are cross-sectional, only providing information on a given moment in time. Conclusions Our results indicate high levels of depression amongst homeless persons during the COVID-19 pandemic. Predicted future instability and economic repercussions could particularly impact the mental health of this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honor Scarlett
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris F75012, France
| | - Camille Davisse-Paturet
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris F75012, France
| | - Cécile Longchamps
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris F75012, France
| | - Tarik El Aarbaoui
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris F75012, France
| | - Cécile Allaire
- French National Public Health Agency, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice F94415, France
| | - Anne-Claire Colleville
- French National Public Health Agency, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice F94415, France
| | - Mary Convence-Arulthas
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris F75012, France
| | - Lisa Crouzet
- Research on Healthcare Performance RESHAPE, INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Simon Ducarroz
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris F75012, France.,Research on Healthcare Performance RESHAPE, INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Maria Melchior
- Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris F75012, France.,CNRS, Institut Convergences Migration, Aubervilliers, France
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Halley E, Giai J, Chappuis M, Tomasino A, Henaine R, Letrilliart L. Health Profile of Precarious Migrants Attending the Médecins Du Monde's Health and Social Care Centres in France: a Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Public Health 2021; 66:602394. [PMID: 34456664 PMCID: PMC8386651 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2021.602394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to compare the precarious migrants' health problems managed in Médecins du Monde's health and social care centres (CASO) with those of patients attending general practice in France. Methods: We compared the most frequent health problems managed in the 19 CASO in metropolitan France with those of a national sample of usual general practice consultations, after standardisation for age and sex. Results: Precarious migrants had fewer health problems managed per consultation than other patients (mean: 1.31 vs. 2.16), and these corresponded less frequently to chronic conditions (21.3% vs. 46.8%). The overrepresented health problems among CASO consultations were mainly headache (1.11% vs. 0.45%), viral hepatitis (1.05% vs. 0.20%), type 1 diabetes (1.01% vs. 0.50%) and teeth/gum disease (1.01% vs. 0.23%). Their underrepresented health problems were mainly lipid disorder (0.39% vs. 8.20%), depressive disorder (1.36% vs. 5.28%) and hypothyroidism (0.50% vs. 3.08%). Prevention issues were nominal in precarious migrants (0.16%). Conclusion: Both chronic somatic and mental conditions of precarious migrants are presumably underdiagnosed. Their screening should be improved in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeraude Halley
- Collège universitaire de médecine générale, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ. Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Joris Giai
- Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | | | | | - Roland Henaine
- Unité d'enseignement Libre Médecine Humanitaire et SAMU Social, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Service de chirurgie cardiaque C, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Bron, France
| | - Laurent Letrilliart
- Collège universitaire de médecine générale, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ. Lyon, Lyon, France.,Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE), INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Fakhoury J, Burton-Jeangros C, Consoli L, Duvoisin A, Courvoisier D, Jackson Y. Mental health of undocumented migrants and migrants undergoing regularization in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:175. [PMID: 33794822 PMCID: PMC8012741 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undocumented migrants live and work in precarious conditions. Few studies have explored the mental health consequences of such environment. The objective of this study is to describe the mental health of migrants at different stages of a regularization program. METHODS This cross-sectional study included migrants undocumented or in the process of regularization. We screened for symptoms of anxiety, depression and sleep disturbance using validated tools. We created a composite outcome of altered mental health including these components plus self-report of a recent diagnosis of mental health condition by a health professional. RESULTS We enrolled 456 participants of whom 246 (53.9%) were undocumented. They were predominantly women (71.9%) with a median age of 43.3 (interquartile range: 15.5) years, from Latin America (63.6%) or Asia (20.2%) who had lived in Switzerland for 12 (IQR: 7) years. Overall, 57.2% presented symptoms of altered mental health. Prevalence of symptoms of anxiety, depression and sleep disturbance were 36% (95% confidence interval: 31.6-40.6%), 45.4% (95% CI: 40.8-50.1%) and 23% (95% CI: 19.2-27.2), respectively. Younger age (adjusted odd ratio: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-0.9 for each additional decade), social isolation (aOR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.4-4.2), exposure to abuse (aOR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1-3.5), financial instability (aOR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.4-3.7) and multi-morbidity (aOR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.7-6.5) were associated with increased risk of having altered mental health while being in the early stages of the process of regularization had no effect (aOR: 1.3: 95% CI: 0.8-2.2). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the need for multi-pronged social and health interventions addressing the various domains of undocumented migrants living difficulties as complement to legal status regularization policies. Protection against unfair working conditions and abuse, access to adequate housing, promoting social integration and preventive interventions to tackle the early occurrence of chronic diseases may all contribute to reduce the burden of altered mental health in this group. More research is needed to assess the long-term impact of legal status regularization on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Fakhoury
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Swiss NCCR “LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claudine Burton-Jeangros
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Institute of sociological research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Liala Consoli
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Swiss NCCR “LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Duvoisin
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Swiss NCCR “LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Courvoisier
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yves Jackson
- Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4, 1211, 14, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Gharraee B, Zahedi Tajrishi K, Sheybani F, Tahmasbi N, Mirzaei M, Farahani H, Naserbakht M. Prevalence of major depressive disorder in the general population of Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019; 33:151. [PMID: 32280657 PMCID: PMC7137832 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common psychological disorder and affects many people worldwide. Surveying the prevalence of mental disorders, especially general disorders, such as major depressive disorder, is highly important for health professionals and policymakers. Due to a wide variation of studies concerning the prevalence of major depressive disorder in Iran, the present study was conducted to integrate such results. Methods: To conduct this study, English (PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science) and Persian (MHRN, Noormgs, Magiran, Iran-Medex, Irandoc, and SID) databases, from 1990 to 2018, were explored. All articles related to the point prevalence of depressive disorders in the general population of Iran were reviewed. The inclusion criteria of the present study were as follow: cross sectional studies based on general populations; the expression of the point prevalence rate and incidence of major depressive disorder for people over 15 years; and the use of a structured or semi-structured clinical interview for diagnosis of the disorder. Studies that were not original (such as review studies) and those that did not represent general populations were excluded from the study. To analyze the data obtained from this study, the second version of Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software was used. The total point prevalence was calculated using the meta-analysis method, and the I2 index was used to measure the heterogeneity of the studies. Results: Of 6734 studies, 30 studies with a total sample size of 37 867 were finally included based on proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample included 20641 women (55%), and 17 226 (45%) men. In the present meta-analysis study, due to significant heterogeneity (I=97.1%, p=0.001) among studies, the randomized method was used, and the total point prevalence was 4.1% (CI: 3.1% 5.5%). The overall point prevalence of major depressive disorder was 4.8% (CI: 3.6% -5.6%) in women and 2.3% (CI: 1.6% -3.6%)in men, which indicated that the incidence of this disorder was 1.95 times more in women than in men. Conclusion: This meta-analysis study found a considerable prevalence of major depressive disorder among Iranian participants and revealed that the point prevalence of the disease was more than two-fold in women compared to men. Considering these findings and the high burden of this disorder for communities, the need to formulate and implement prevention and treatment programs is highly required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Gharraee
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Komeil Zahedi Tajrishi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Sheybani
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Tahmasbi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mirzaei
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Naserbakht
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jackson Y, Courvoisier DS, Duvoisin A, Ferro-Luzzi G, Bodenmann P, Chauvin P, Guessous I, Wolff H, Cullati S, Burton-Jeangros C. Impact of legal status change on undocumented migrants' health and well-being (Parchemins): protocol of a 4-year, prospective, mixed-methods study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028336. [PMID: 31154311 PMCID: PMC6549650 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Migrants without residency permit, known as undocumented, tend to live in precarious conditions and be exposed to an accumulation of adverse determinants of health. Only scarce evidence exists on the social, economic and living conditions-related factors influencing their health status and well-being. No study has assessed the impact of legal status regularisation. The Parchemins study is the first prospective, mixed-methods study aiming at measuring the impact on health and well-being of a regularisation policy on undocumented migrants in Europe. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Parchemins study will compare self-rated health and satisfaction with life in a group of adult undocumented migrants who qualify for applying for a residency permit (intervention group) with a group of undocumented migrants who lack one or more eligibility criteria for regularisation (control group) in Geneva Canton, Switzerland. Asylum seekers are not included in this study. The total sample will include 400 participants. Data collection will consist of standardised questionnaires complemented by semidirected interviews in a subsample (n=38) of migrants qualifying for regularisation. The baseline data will be collected just before or during the regularisation, and participants will subsequently be followed up yearly for 3 years. The quantitative part will explore variables about health (ie, health status, occupational health, health-seeking behaviours, access to care, healthcare utilisation), well-being (measured by satisfaction with different dimensions of life), living conditions (ie, employment, accommodation, social support) and economic situation (income, expenditures). Several confounders including sociodemographic characteristics and migration history will be collected. The qualitative part will explore longitudinally the experience of change in legal status at individual and family levels. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Geneva, Switzerland. All participants provided informed consent. Results will be shared with undocumented migrants and disseminated in scientific journals and conferences. Fully anonymised data will be available to researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Jackson
- Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Delphine S Courvoisier
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Duvoisin
- Institute of sociological research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Ferro-Luzzi
- Haute Ecole de Gestion, University of applied sciences of Western Switzerland, Carouge, Switzerland
- Geneva School of Economics and Management, Universite de Geneve, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Bodenmann
- Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Chauvin
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Inserm, UMRS 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France
- UMRS 1136, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Idris Guessous
- Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hans Wolff
- Division of Prison Health, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Cullati
- Institute of sociological research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss NCCR LIVES, Universite de Geneve, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claudine Burton-Jeangros
- Institute of sociological research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss NCCR LIVES, Universite de Geneve, Geneva, Switzerland
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Prévalence de la dépression majeure en France en population générale et en populations spécifiques de 2000 à 2018 : une revue systématique de la littérature. Presse Med 2019; 48:365-375. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Patel A, Cadet VE. Free clinic educational interventions for patients with chronic disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40639-017-0039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang J, Wu X, Lai W, Long E, Zhang X, Li W, Zhu Y, Chen C, Zhong X, Liu Z, Wang D, Lin H. Prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms among outpatients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017173. [PMID: 28838903 PMCID: PMC5640125 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression and depressive symptoms are common mental disorders that have a considerable effect on patients' health-related quality of life and satisfaction with medical care, but the prevalence of these conditions varies substantially between published studies. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a precise estimate of the prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms among outpatients in different clinical specialties. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES AND ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA The PubMed and PsycINFO, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify observational studies that contained information on the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms in outpatients. All studies included were published before January 2016. Data characteristics were extracted independently by two investigators. The point prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms was measured using validated self-report questionnaires or structured interviews. Assessments were pooled using a random-effects model. Differences in study-level characteristics were estimated by meta-regression analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using standard χ2 tests and the I2 statistic. The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO under number CRD42017054738. RESULTS Eighty-three cross-sectional studies involving 41 344 individuals were included in this study. The overall pooled prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms was 27.0% (10 943/41 344 individuals; 95% CI 24.0% to 29.0%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (p<0.0001, τ2=0.3742, I2=96.7%). Notably, a significantly higher prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms was observed in outpatients than in the healthy controls (OR 3.16, 95% CI 2.66 to 3.76, I2=72.0%, χ 2 =25.33). The highest depression/depressive symptom prevalence estimates occurred in studies of outpatients from otolaryngology clinics (53.0%), followed by dermatology clinics (39.0%) and neurology clinics (35.0%). Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms in different specialties varied from 17.0% to 53.0%. The prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms was higher among outpatients in developing countries than in outpatients from developed countries. Moreover, the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms in outpatients slightly decreased from 1996 to 2010. Regarding screening instruments, the Beck Depression Inventory led to a higher estimate of the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms (1316/4702, 36.0%, 95% CI 29.0% to 44.0%, I2=94.8%) than the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (1003/2025, 22.0%, 95% CI 12.0% to 35.0%, I2=96.6%). CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that a significant proportion of outpatients experience depression or depressive symptoms, highlighting the importance of developing effective management strategies for the early identification and treatment of these conditions among outpatients in clinical practice. The substantial heterogeneity between studies was not fully explained by the variables examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyi Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Erping Long
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiayin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wangting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Xiaojian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haotian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Akbaba Turkoglu S, Essizoglu A, Kosger F, Aksaray G. Relationship between dysfunctional attitudes and childhood traumas in women with depression. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2015; 61:796-801. [PMID: 25977359 DOI: 10.1177/0020764015585328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Psychological traumas in childhood could lead to dysfunctional attitudes causing negative cognitive structuring and mistakes in data processing. In this study, we aimed to research the relation of childhood traumas with dysfunctional attitudes in female patients with depressive disorder. METHOD Seventy female patients diagnosed with depressive disorder and 50 healthy volunteers participated in the study, and the participants were administered a socio-demographic form, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS). RESULTS Comparing the two groups by median values of CTQ, total CTQ, sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect and emotional neglect, median values of the patient group were significantly higher compared to the control group, and comparison by median values of DAS revealed that median values of the patient group was significantly lower compared to the control group. In the correlation analysis carried out for finding the relation between CTQ and DAS, there was a significant negative correlation between DAS score and emotional abuse score. In the patient group, all kinds of abuses and neglects except for sexual abuse were at a higher rate in those with a history of depression in the family. CONCLUSION In our study, a negative correlation was determined between DAS and only emotional abuse leading us to the finding that one of the factors mediating childhood traumas to cause depression could lead to dysfunctional attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Altan Essizoglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ferdi Kosger
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Gokay Aksaray
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Rondet C, Parizot I, Cadwallader JS, Lebas J, Chauvin P. Why underserved patients do not consult their general practitioner for depression: results of a qualitative and a quantitative survey at a free outpatient clinic in Paris, France. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2015; 16:57. [PMID: 25951898 PMCID: PMC4438336 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-015-0273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of depression in the general population is 5 to 10% but can exceed 50% in the most socially vulnerable populations. The perceptions of this disease are widely described in the literature, but no research has been carried out in France to explain the reasons for not consulting a general practitioner during a depressive episode, particularly in people in the most precarious situations. The objective of this study was to describe the reasons for not seeking primary care during a depressive episode in a socially vulnerable population. METHODS An exploratory sequential design with a preliminary qualitative study using a phenomenological approach. Subsequently, themes that emerged from the qualitative analysis were used in a questionnaire administered in a cross-sectional observational study at a free outpatient clinic in Paris in 2010. Lastly, a logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS The qualitative analysis revealed four aspects that explain the non-consulting of a general practitioner during a depressive episode: the negative perception of treatment, the negative perception of the disease, the importance of the social environment, and the doctor-patient relationship. The quantitative analysis showed that close to 60% of the patients who visited the free clinic were depressed and that only half of them had talked with a care provider. The results of the statistical analysis are in line with those of the qualitative analysis, since the most common reasons for not seeing a general practitioner were the negative perception of the disease (especially among the men and foreigners) and its treatments (more often among the men and French nationals). CONCLUSIONS Close to 50% of the depressed individuals did not seek primary care during a depressive episode, and close to 80% of them would have liked their mental health to be discussed more often by a health professional. Better information on depression and its treatments, and more-systematic screening by primary care personnel would improve the treatment of depressed patients, especially those in the most precarious situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Rondet
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Social Epidemiology, F-75013, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, School of Medicine, Department of General Practice, F-75012, Paris, France.
| | - Isabelle Parizot
- CNRS, UMR 8097, Centre Maurice Halbwachs, Research Team on Social Inequalities, F-75014, Paris, France.
| | - Jean Sebastien Cadwallader
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, School of Medicine, Department of General Practice, F-75012, Paris, France.
- INSERM, U669, Paris Sud Innovation Group In Adolescent Mental Health, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Jacques Lebas
- AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Policlinique Baudelaire, Paris, F-75012, France.
| | - Pierre Chauvin
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Social Epidemiology, F-75013, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France.
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González-López MC, Rodríguez-López CM, Parrón-Carreño T, Luna JD, Del Pozo E. Trends in the dispensation of antidepressant drugs over the past decade (2000-2010) in Andalusia, Spain. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2015; 50:705-12. [PMID: 25527208 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-014-0995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study antidepressant drug dispensation in the Spanish region of Andalusia and in the Almeria Health Area (AHA) over the past decade, analyzing the variability, trends, and influential factors. METHODS We conducted an observational ecological study of antidepressant drug dispensation between 2000 and 2010 in Andalusia. Dispensation was measured as Defined Daily Dose (DDD) per 1,000 inhabitants per day. A multilevel analysis (STATA 11.1) was performed to determine the variability among the basic health zones (BHZs) (2004-2010) and influential factors. RESULTS Between 2000 and 2010, the total dispensation of antidepressant drugs increased by more than 100 % in Andalusia and in the AHA. This increase was primarily caused by the greater dispensation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (ATC-N06AB) and other antidepressants (ATC-N06AX). Multilevel analysis revealed a wide variability in the levels and trends of antidepressant dispensation among BHZs. Urbanicity and the percentage of immigrants in the BHZ were negatively associated with their dispensation, which was positively influenced by a higher proportion of women and over 65-year-olds in the population. CONCLUSIONS The elevated dispensation of several groups of antidepressant drugs in this study population indicates the need for health policies to rationalize their use. Further research is required into the differences in antidepressant dispensations between immigrant and native populations and the implications for public health policies.
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