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Ali S, Mushtaq A, Hassan L, Syed MA, Foster JT, Dadar M. Molecular epidemiology of brucellosis in Asia: insights from genotyping analyses. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10519-5. [PMID: 39230771 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Brucellosis infects humans and animals worldwide but is particularly prevalent in Asia. In many Asian countries, molecular diagnostic tools for accurate molecular diagnostics and molecular epidemiology are lacking. Nonetheless, some countries have conducted in-depth molecular epidemiological studies. The objective of this study was to reveal the genetic relationships, geographic origins, and distributions of Brucella strains across Asia for two primary species, B. abortus and B. melitensis. For this, we systematically searched genotyping data from published studies on the molecular epidemiology of Brucella species for both humans and livestock in Asia. We used data from multilocus sequence typing (MLST), multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), and whole genome sequencing analysis of Brucella strains. We also analyzed the MLVA genotypes of 129 B. abortus isolates and 242 B. melitensis isolates with known origins in Asia from an online MLVA database using MLVA-11 data in minimum spanning trees and MLVA-16 data in neighbor-joining trees. We found that the B. melitensis East Mediterranean lineage is predominant across the continent, with only a small number of samples from the Africa and Americas lineages, and none from the West Mediterranean lineage. The "abortus C" genotype was the most common group of B. abortus in Asia, with limited genetic variation for this species. Several studies also reported that Near Eastern countries frequently encounter human brucellosis cases of B. abortus from genotypes 42 and 43. Our study highlights the inconsistent collection of genetic data for Brucella species across Asia and a need for more extensive sampling in most countries. Finally, a consistent nomenclature is necessary to define various groupings of strains within a lineage (i.e., clade) so uniform terminology should denote particular genetic groups that are understood by all researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Ali
- Wildlife Epidemiology and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory (One Health Research Group), Discipline of Zoology, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Ravi Campus, Pattoki, Pakistan.
| | - Areeba Mushtaq
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Syed
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Jeffrey T Foster
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Brucellosis Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
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Yang C, Gao J, Xian R, Liu X, Kuai W, Yin C, Fan H, Tian J, Ma X, Ma J. Molecular epidemiology of Brucella abortus isolated from the environment in Ningxia Hui autonomous region, China. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 123:105635. [PMID: 38969194 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Brucellosis is among the key zoonotic infectious diseases in China, and The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region represents a major endemic area, and it is one of the main causes of poverty in the region due to illness. In Ningxia, there is substantial research on Brucella melitensis, studies on the molecular epidemiology of Brucella abortus are notably scarce. Consequently, this study aims to undertake pathogenic isolation and molecular epidemiological research on Brucella abortus isolated from the environment in Ningxia, providing insights and evidence to advance the prevention and control measures for brucellosis in the region. Building on traditional pathogenic detection methods, this research employs whole-genome sequencing(WGS) techniques and bioinformatics software to conduct a phylogenetic comparison of Ningxia strains and strains of Brucella abortus from various geographical origins. The results indicate that four Brucella abortus strains are classified as biovar 3 and MLST type ST2. It is shown that the local strains were closer phylogenetic relationships with strains from Asian and European countries. The presence of Brucella abortus in certain environmental sectors of Ningxia indicates a risk of transmission from the environment to animals and subsequently to humans. In conclusion, the Brucella abortus exists in some farming environments in Ningxia, and exists for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the disinfection effect of the farming environment to provide a basis for the forward movement of the gate of brucellosis prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yang
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Jianwei Gao
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Ran Xian
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Wenhe Kuai
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Cai Yin
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Animal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Haohao Fan
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Jinhua Tian
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Xueping Ma
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China
| | - Jiangtao Ma
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia, China.
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Wang Y, Vallée E, Heuer C, Wang Y, Guo A, Zhang Z, Compton C. A scoping review on the epidemiology and public significance of Brucella abortus in Chinese dairy cattle and humans. One Health 2024; 18:100683. [PMID: 39010971 PMCID: PMC11247298 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis, caused by Brucella spp., is a re-emerging One Health disease with increased prevalence and incidence in Chinese dairy cattle and humans, severely affecting animal productivity and public health. In dairy cattle, B. abortus is the primary causative agent although infections with other Brucella species occur occasionally. However, the epidemiological and comparative importance of B. abortus in dairy cattle and humans remains inadequately understood throughout China due to the heterogeneity in locations, quality, and study methods. This scoping review aims to describe the changing status of B. abortus infection in dairy cattle and humans, investigate the circulating Brucella species and biovars, and identify factors driving the disease transmission by retrieving publicly accessible literature from four databases. After passing the prespecified inclusion criteria, 60 original articles were included in the final synthesis. Although the reported animal-level and farm-level prevalence of brucellosis in dairy cattle was lower compared to other endemic countries (e.g. Iran and India), it has been reported to increase over the last decade. The incidence of brucellosis in humans displayed seasonal increases. The Rose Bengal Test and Serum Agglutination Test, interpreted in series, were the most used serological test to diagnose Brucella spp. in dairy cattle and humans. B. abortus biovar 3 was the predominant species (81.9%) and biovar (70.3%) in dairy cattle, and B. melitensis biovar 3 was identified as the most commonly detected strain in human brucellosis cases. These strains were mainly clustered in Inner Mongolia and Shannxi Province (75.7%), limiting the generalizability of the results to other provinces. Live cattle movement or trade was identified as the key factor driving brucellosis transmission, but its transmission pattern remains unknown within the Chinese dairy sector. These knowledge gaps require a more effective One Health approach to be bridged. A coordinated and evidence-based research program is essential to inform regional or national control strategies that are both feasible and economical in the Chinese context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Emilie Vallée
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Cord Heuer
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Youming Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Henan Dairy Herd Improvement Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450045, China
| | - Chris Compton
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Huang S, Wang H, Li Z, Wang Z, Ma T, Song R, Lu M, Han X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhen Q, Shui T. Risk effects of meteorological factors on human brucellosis in Jilin province, China, 2005-2019. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29611. [PMID: 38660264 PMCID: PMC11040064 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of climate on zoonotic infectious diseases (or can be referred to as climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases) is confirmed. Yet, research on the association between brucellosis and climate is limited. We aim to understand the impact of meteorological factors on the risk of brucellosis, especially in northeastern China. Methods Monthly incidence data for brucellosis from 2005 to 2019 in Jilin province was obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Monthly meteorological data (average temperature (°C), wind velocity (m/s), relative humidity (%), sunshine hours (h), air pressure (hPa), and rainfall (mm)) in Jilin province, China, from 2005 to 2019 were collected from the China Meteorological Information Center (http://data.cma.cn/). The Spearman's correlation was used to choose among the several meteorological variables. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to estimate the lag and non-linearity effect of meteorological factors on the risk of brucellosis. Results A total of 24,921 cases of human brucellosis were reported in Jilin province from 2005 to 2019, with the peak epidemic period from April to June. Low temperature and low sunshine hours were protective factors for the brucellosis, where the minimum RR values were 0.50 (95 % CI = 0.31-0.82) for -13.7 °C with 1 month lag and 0.61 (95 % CI = 0.41-0.91) for 110.5h with 2 months lag, respectively. High temperature, high sunshine hours, and low wind velocity were risk factors for brucellosis. The maximum RR values were 2.91 (95 % CI = 1.43-5.92, lag = 1, 25.7 °C), 1.85 (95 % CI = 1.23-2.80, lag = 2, 332.6h), and 1.68 (95 % CI = 1.25-2.26, lag = 2, 1.4 m/s). The trends in the impact of extreme temperature and extreme sunshine hours on the transmission of brucellosis were generally consistent. Conclusion High temperature, high sunshine hours, and low wind velocity are more conducive to the transmission of brucellosis with an obvious lag effect. The results will deepen the understanding of the relationship between climate and brucellosis and provide a reference for formulating relevant public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjun Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhaohan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Tian Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ruifang Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Menghan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xin Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yingtong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Qing Zhen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, PR China
| | - Tiejun Shui
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
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Chen H, Wen L, Chen Y, Ji X, Li P, Sun W. The spatiotemporal epidemiological study on human brucellosis in shenyang, China from 2013 to 2022. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29026. [PMID: 38601548 PMCID: PMC11004575 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis (HB) have changed over the last decade. In this study, we depicted the spatiotemporal features of HB in Shenyang, China, from 2013 to 2022 and the objective was to visualise spatiotemporal patterns and identify high-risk regions with the purpose to provide evidence for HB prevention and control. Methods We performed an observational epidemiological study using HB data obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS). Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to determine the changing trends in the annual incidence. A vector boundary map of Shenyang was used to visualise spatial distribution. Spatial autocorrelation was identified using both global and local Moran's autocorrelation coefficients, while hotspot areas were determined using the Getis-Ord statistic. Results A combined sum of 4103 HB cases were analysed, and the average level of annual incidence of HB was 5.52 per 100,000. The incidence of HB showed obvious seasonality, with a notable peak observed from April to July (summer peak). The annual incidence in Shenyang has been on the rise since 2013, with an annual percentage change (APC) of 6.39% (95%CI 1.29%, 12.39%). Xinmin County exhibited the most elevated average annual incidence rate, with Faku County ranking second. The average annual incidence in rural areas exhibited a significantly greater disparity compared to suburban areas (P < 0.001), whereas the incidence rate in suburban areas demonstrated a significantly higher contrast when compared to urban areas (P < 0.001). A clustered distribution of the annual incidence of HB was observed for all years from 2013 to 2022. Abnormally high values were found in suburban areas, and no abnormally high values were found after 2017. The low-low clustering areas were found in urban as well as suburban areas from 2013 to 2022. Hotspots (P < 0.05) were located in rural areas, while cold spots (P < 0.05) were found in both urban and suburban areas. Since 2020, there have been no hotspots in Shenyang. Conclusions Rural areas are high-risk areas for HB and may be key to controlling HB epidemics. Although the annual incidence of HB in rural areas has increased, owing to the stability of spatial relationships and the disappearance of hotspots, there is little possibility of outbreaks; however, stricter monitoring should be applied in rural areas to prevent the emergence of new transmission routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Early Warning and Intervention Technologies and Countermeasures for Major Public Health Events in Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lihai Wen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xingyu Ji
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Early Warning and Intervention Technologies and Countermeasures for Major Public Health Events in Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Early Warning and Intervention Technologies and Countermeasures for Major Public Health Events in Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
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Wen X, Wang Y, Shao Z. The spatiotemporal trend of human brucellosis in China and driving factors using interpretability analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4880. [PMID: 38418566 PMCID: PMC10901783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis has reemerged in China, with a distinct change in its geographical distribution. The incidence of human brucellosis has significantly risen in inland regions of China. To gain insights into epidemic characteristics and identify factors influencing the geographic spread of human brucellosis, our study utilized the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm and interpretable machine learning techniques. The results showed a consistent upward trend in the incidence of human brucellosis, with a significant increase of 8.20% from 2004 to 2021 (95% CI: 1.70, 15.10). The northern region continued to face a serious human situation, with a gradual upward trend. Meanwhile, the western and southern regions have experienced a gradual spread of human brucellosis, encompassing all regions of China over the past decade. Further analysis using Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) demonstrated that higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and increased funding for education have the potential to reduce the spread. Conversely, the expansion of human brucellosis showed a positive correlation with bed availability per 1000 individuals, humidity, railway mileage, and GDP. These findings strongly suggest that socioeconomic factors play a more significant role in the spread of human brucellosis than other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wen
- Department of Epidemiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Central Sterile Services Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710000, China.
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Sun ZX, Wang Y, Li YJ, Yu SH, Wu W, Huang DS, Guan P. Socioeconomic, meteorological factors and spatiotemporal distribution of human brucellosis in China between 2004 and 2019-A study based on spatial panel model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011765. [PMID: 37956207 PMCID: PMC10681303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human brucellosis continues to be a great threat to human health in China. The present study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of human brucellosis in China from 2004 to 2019, to analyze the socioeconomic factors, meteorological factors and seasonal effect affecting human brucellosis incidence in different geographical regions with the help of spatial panel model, and to provide a scientific basis for local health authorities to improve the prevention of human brucellosis. METHODS The monthly reported number and incidence of human brucellosis in China from January 2004 to December 2019 were obtained from the Data Center for China Public Health Science. Monthly average air temperature and monthly average relative humidity of 31 provincial-level administrative units (22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 4 municipalities directly under the central government) in China from October 2003 to December 2019 were obtained from the National Meteorological Science Data Centre. The inventory of cattle, the inventory of sheep, beef yield, mutton yield, wool yield, milk yield and gross pastoral product of 31 provincial-level administrative units in China from 2004 to 2019 were obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics of China. The temporal and geographical distribution of human brucellosis was displayed with Microsoft Excel and ArcMap software. The spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis was used to describe the association among different areas. Spatial panel model was constructed to explore the combined effects on the incidence of human brucellosis in China. RESULTS A total of 569,016 cases of human brucellosis were reported in the 31 provincial-level administrative units in China from January 2004 to December 2019. Human brucellosis cases were concentrated between March and July, with a peak in May, showing a clear seasonal increase. The incidence of human brucellosis in China from 2004 to 2019 showed significant spatial correlations, and hotspot analysis indicated that the high incidence of human brucellosis was mainly in the northern China, particularly in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, and Heilongjiang. The results from spatial panel model suggested that the inventory of cattle, the inventory of sheep, beef yield, mutton yield, wool yield, milk yield, gross pastoral product, average air temperature (the same month, 2-month lagged and 3-month lagged), average relative humidity (the same month) and season variability were significantly associated with human brucellosis incidence in China. CONCLUSIONS The epidemic area of human brucellosis in China has been expanding and the spatial clustering has been observed. Inner Mongolia and adjacent provinces or autonomous regions are the high-risk areas of human brucellosis. The inventory of cattle and sheep, beef yield, mutton yield, wool yield, milk yield, gross pastoral product, average air temperature, average relative humidity and season variability played a significant role in the progression of human brucellosis. The present study strengthens the understanding of the relationship between socioeconomic, meteorological factors and the spatial heterogeneity of human brucellosis in China, through which 'One Health'-based strategies and countermeasures can be provided for the government to tackle the brucellosis menace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi-Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - De-Sheng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Intelligent Computing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Yu X, Fang M, Li Y, Yu J, Cheng L, Ding S, Kou Z. Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal analysis of brucellosis in Shandong province, 2015-2021. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:669. [PMID: 37814221 PMCID: PMC10561485 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis is one of the major public health problems in China, it not only causes huge economic losses to the society, but also threatens the human's physical and mental health. The reported cases of brucellosis in Shandong province were at a high level, therefore, it is necessary for us to understand the epidemic characteristics and distribution trend of Brucellosis in Shandong province. This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering characteristics of brucellosis in Shandong Province, provide a reference for the scientific prevention and control. METHODS Human brucellosis data in Shandong province from 2015 to 2021 were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, the data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods, spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial-temporal cluster analysis methods use ArcGIS and SaTScan software, the results were presented in ArcMap. RESULTS A total of 22,251 human cases of brucellosis were reported, the annual incidence ranged between 2.41/100,000 and 4.07/100,000 from 2015 to 2021 in Shandong province, incidence has been decreasing year by year, while there was a significant increase in 2021. The distribution of brucellosis was of a seasonal trend, mainly concentrating during March to August. The age of the cases was mainly concentrated in the 30-74 age ranges, the average annual incidence rate was significantly higher in males than in females. The spatial analysis showed that the epidemics were mainly concentrated in the north and southwest. For the spatial autocorrelation analysis, a high global autocorrelation was observed at the county level, and the high-high clusters mainly distributed in the north and southwest region. For the spatio-temporal scanning, the most likely cluster areas mainly distributed in the north area, and then gradually moved southward, and the radius of clustered narrowed. CONCLUSIONS Human brucellosis remains a common challenge, particularly in northern region in spring and summer. More disease prevention and control measures should be taken in high-risk populations, and such higher-risk susceptible areas to reduce the incidence of brucellosis and ensure the health of the people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yu
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Fang
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianmei Yu
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of public health and health management, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lixiao Cheng
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shujun Ding
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Zhao C, Nie S, Sun Y, An C, Fan S, Luo B, Chang W, Liu K, Shao Z. Detrended seasonal relationships and impact of climatic factors combined with spatiotemporal effect on the prevalence of human brucellosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:104043-104055. [PMID: 37698797 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Human brucellosis (HB) is a seasonal and climate-affected infectious disease that is posing an increasing threat to public health and economy. However, most of the research on the seasonal relationships and impact of climatic factors on HB did not consider the secular trend and spatiotemporal effect related to the disease. We herein utilized long-term surveillance data on HB from 2008 to 2020 using sinusoidal models to explore detrended relationships between climatic factors and HB. In addition, we assessed the impact of such climatic factors on HB using a spatial panel data model combined with the spatiotemporal effect. HB peaked around mid-May. HB was significantly correlated with climatic factors with 1-5-month lag when the respective correlations reached the maximum across the different lag periods. Each 0.1 °C increase in temperature led to 0.5% decrease in the 5-month lag incidence of HB. We also observed a positive spatiotemporal effect on the disease. Our study provides a detailed and in-depth overview of seasonal relationships and impact of climatic factors on HB. In addition, it proposes a novel approach for exploring the seasonal relationships and quantifying the impacts of climatic factors on various infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shoumin Nie
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yangxin Sun
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Cuihong An
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Suoping Fan
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Boyan Luo
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Wenhui Chang
- Department of Plague and Brucellosis, Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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10
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Su L, Cao Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhang G. Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Blood Cell in Adult Patients with Brucella Bloodstream Infection of Different Blood Groups. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2023; 39:429-434. [PMID: 37304470 PMCID: PMC10247920 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01617-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical manifestations and blood cell varied among patients with Brucella bloodstream infection. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and blood cells of adult Brucella bloodstream infection patients with different ABO blood groups. This study retrospectively analyzed 77 adult Brucella bloodstream infection patients. Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory data, and blood cell differences of adult Brucella bloodstream infection patients were analyzed. For Brucella bloodstream infection patients, the blood group was distributed as: B > O > A > AB. The main symptoms of the patients were fever (94.81%), and 56 patients (72.70%) were complicated with liver injury. The highest proportion of liver injury was 93.33% in patients with blood group A and 52.38% in blood group O (P < 0.05). There were 19 cases (24.68%) with spondylitis, 30 cases (38.96%) with anemia, 28 (36.36%) with leukopenia, 16 (20.78%) with thrombocytopenia, without notable differences between different blood groups (P > 0.05). The proportion of lymphocytes in patients with the AB blood group was the highest (39.46 ± 11.21), and in patients with the B blood group was the lowest (28.00 ± 12.10), with significant difference between different blood groups (P < 0.05). Patients with Brucella bloodstream infection with blood group A were more prone to liver injury than those with blood group O. More attention should be paid to liver injury when receiving patients with blood group A. The proportion of lymphocytes in patients with blood group B and AB was different, suggesting that they may have different immune states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 36, Nanyingzi Street, Chengde City, 067000 China
| | - Yawen Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Hebei, 067000 China
| | - Yaomin Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 36, Nanyingzi Street, Chengde City, 067000 China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 36, Nanyingzi Street, Chengde City, 067000 China
| | - Guomin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 36, Nanyingzi Street, Chengde City, 067000 China
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Chen H, Lin MX, Wang LP, Huang YX, Feng Y, Fang LQ, Wang L, Song HB, Wang LG. Driving role of climatic and socioenvironmental factors on human brucellosis in China: machine-learning-based predictive analyses. Infect Dis Poverty 2023; 12:36. [PMID: 37046326 PMCID: PMC10091610 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-023-01087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis is a common zoonotic infectious disease in China. This study aimed to investigate the incidence trends of brucellosis in China, construct an optimal prediction model, and analyze the driving role of climatic factors for human brucellosis. METHODS Using brucellosis incidence, and the socioeconomic and climatic data for 2014-2020 in China, we performed spatiotemporal analyses and calculated correlations with brucellosis incidence in China, developed and compared a series of regression and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average X (SARIMAX) models for brucellosis prediction based on socioeconomic and climatic data, and analyzed the relationship between extreme weather conditions and brucellosis incidence using copula models. RESULTS In total, 327,456 brucellosis cases were reported in China in 2014-2020 (monthly average of 3898 cases). The incidence of brucellosis was distinctly seasonal, with a high incidence in spring and summer and an average annual peak in May. The incidence rate was highest in the northern regions' arid and continental climatic zones (1.88 and 0.47 per million people, respectively) and lowest in the tropics (0.003 per million people). The incidence of brucellosis showed opposite trends of decrease and increase in northern and southern China, respectively, with an overall severe epidemic in northern China. Most regression models using socioeconomic and climatic data cannot predict brucellosis incidence. The SARIMAX model was suitable for brucellosis prediction. There were significant negative correlations between the proportion of extreme weather values for both high sunshine and high humidity and the incidence of brucellosis as follows: high sunshine, [Formula: see text] = -0.59 and -0.69 in arid and temperate zones; high humidity, [Formula: see text] = -0.62, -0.64, and -0.65 in arid, temperate, and tropical zones. CONCLUSIONS Significant seasonal and climatic zone differences were observed for brucellosis incidence in China. Sunlight, humidity, and wind speed significantly influenced brucellosis. The SARIMAX model performed better for brucellosis prediction than did the regression model. Notably, high sunshine and humidity values in extreme weather conditions negatively affect brucellosis. Brucellosis should be managed according to the "One Health" concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 20 Dong-Da-Jie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Meng-Xuan Lin
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Science of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100036, China
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yin-Xiang Huang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Science of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100036, China.
| | - Hong-Bin Song
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 20 Dong-Da-Jie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Li-Gui Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 20 Dong-Da-Jie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
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12
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Jafarzadeh M, Habibzadeh S, Moradi-Asl E, Mohamadshahi J, Abishvand J, Nakhostin B. Spatial Distribution and Epidemiological Factors of Brucellosis in Ardabil Province, Iran. Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2023; 10:23333928231211412. [PMID: 37954480 PMCID: PMC10637137 DOI: 10.1177/23333928231211412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world that infects humans directly through contaminated livestock or indirectly through animal products and induces high medical and economic damage annually. Objective Using geographic information system (GIS) software to determine the hot spots of brucellosis and the spatial correlation and type of disease distribution. Methods We extracted the incidence cases of the disease from 2016 to 2020 in this retrospective cross-sectional study using the disease registration system of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. The interpolation method (IDW) was employed for spatial analysis and disease distribution and determination of hotspot points, Moran I and General G analysis were used to determine spatial autocorrelation at a significant level (P < 0.05). GIS software 10.4.1 was applied to determine areas. Results 2679 cases of brucellosis were diagnosed in the province during the study that 96.97% were Iranian, 2.95% Azerbaijani, and 0.08% were Iraqi. 40.5% of patients were female and 59.5% were male. The highest number of infected cases was reported in 2020 with 29.2% and the lowest number was reported in 2016 with 16%. Rural areas had a high prevalence in terms of distribution and the north of Aslanduz and the central part of Sarein were determined as two significant rural areas of the disease. The trend of disease was increasing from east to west of the province. Conclusion Brucellosis is very widespread in rural areas in Ardabil Province. Ardabil University of Medical Sciences is required to take practical and educational measures to control this disease in high-risk centers. It is expected to take measures in order to educate villagers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafarzadeh
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Shahram Habibzadeh
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Eslam Moradi-Asl
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Arthropod-Borne Diseases Research Centre, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Jafar Mohamadshahi
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Javad Abishvand
- CDC of Ardabil Health Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Babak Nakhostin
- CDC of Ardabil Health Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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13
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Zhao D, Zhang H. The research on TBATS and ELM models for prediction of human brucellosis cases in mainland China: a time series study. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:934. [PMID: 36510150 PMCID: PMC9746081 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07919-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human brucellosis is a serious public health concern in China. The objective of this study is to develop a suitable model for forecasting human brucellosis cases in mainland China. METHODS Data on monthly human brucellosis cases from January 2012 to December 2021 in 31 provinces and municipalities in mainland China were obtained from the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China website. The TBATS and ELM models were constructed. The MAE, MSE, MAPE, and RMSE were calculated to evaluate the prediction performance of the two models. RESULTS The optimal TBATS model was TBATS (1, {0,0}, -, {< 12,4 >}) and the lowest AIC value was 1854.703. In the optimal TBATS model, {0,0} represents the ARIMA (0,0) model, {< 12,4 >} are the parameters of the seasonal periods and the corresponding number of Fourier terms, respectively, and the parameters of the Box-Cox transformation ω are 1. The optimal ELM model hidden layer number was 33 and the R-squared value was 0.89. The ELM model provided lower values of MAE, MSE, MAPE, and RMSE for both the fitting and forecasting performance. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the forecasting performance of ELM model outperforms the TBATS model in predicting human brucellosis between January 2012 and December 2021 in mainland China. Forecasts of the ELM model can help provide early warnings and more effective prevention and control measures for human brucellosis in mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daren Zhao
- Department of Medical Administration, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedics Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Huiwu Zhang
- Department of Medical Administration, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedics Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan China
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14
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Driving effect of multiplex factors on human brucellosis in high incidence region, implication for brucellosis based on one health concept. One Health 2022; 15:100449. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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15
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Expression of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome in Peripheral blood in Chinese patients with acute and chronic brucellosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15123. [PMID: 36068262 PMCID: PMC9448728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella abortus. An efficient immune response is crucial for curing brucellosis. The inflammasome plays a significant role in the immune response. It is unclear which inflammasome is active in acute and chronic brucellosis and how its levels relate to inflammatory cytokines. A total of 40 patients with acute or chronic brucellosis and 20 healthy volunteers had peripheral blood samples collected. The expression levels of AIM2, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 were determined by a real-time polymerase chain reaction from RNA and serum samples, and IL-1β, IL-18, and IFN-γ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In the acute brucellosis group, AIM2 expression was significantly higher, while ACS expression was significantly lower than that of healthy volunteers. In patients with chronic brucellosis, AIM2 expression was significantly lower, while Caspase-1 expression was significantly higher than that of healthy volunteers. Serum IL-18 and IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in patients with acute brucellosis than in healthy controls. The IFN-γ level was also significantly higher in patients with chronic brucellosis than in healthy controls. The inflammasome responds differently in different stages of brucellosis. The inflammasome may be the site of action of immune escape in brucellosis.
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16
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Zheng J, Shen G, Hu S, Han X, Zhu S, Liu J, He R, Zhang N, Hsieh CW, Xue H, Zhang B, Shen Y, Mao Y, Zhu B. Small-scale spatiotemporal epidemiology of notifiable infectious diseases in China: a systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:723. [PMID: 36064333 PMCID: PMC9442567 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of infectious diseases remains one of the major challenges faced by the Chinese health sector. Policymakers have a tremendous interest in investigating the spatiotemporal epidemiology of infectious diseases. We aimed to review the small-scale (city level, county level, or below) spatiotemporal epidemiology of notifiable infectious diseases in China through a systematic review, thus summarizing the evidence to facilitate more effective prevention and control of the diseases. Methods We searched four English language databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, WanFang, and SinoMed), for studies published between January 1, 2004 (the year in which China’s Internet-based disease reporting system was established) and December 31, 2021. Eligible works were small-scale spatial or spatiotemporal studies focusing on at least one notifiable infectious disease, with the entire territory of mainland China as the study area. Two independent reviewers completed the review process based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Results A total of 18,195 articles were identified, with 71 eligible for inclusion, focusing on 22 diseases. Thirty-one studies (43.66%) were analyzed using city-level data, 34 (47.89%) were analyzed using county-level data, and six (8.45%) used community or individual data. Approximately four-fifths (80.28%) of the studies visualized incidence using rate maps. Of these, 76.06% employed various spatial clustering methods to explore the spatial variations in the burden, with Moran’s I statistic being the most common. Of the studies, 40.85% explored risk factors, in which the geographically weighted regression model was the most commonly used method. Climate, socioeconomic factors, and population density were the three most considered factors. Conclusions Small-scale spatiotemporal epidemiology has been applied in studies on notifiable infectious diseases in China, involving spatiotemporal distribution and risk factors. Health authorities should improve prevention strategies and clarify the direction of future work in the field of infectious disease research in China. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07669-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyao Zheng
- China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoquan Shen
- School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Hu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinxin Han
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyu Zhu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongxin He
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and the Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Chih-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Public Policy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Laboratory for Urban Future, School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Mao
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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17
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Adabi M, Khazaiee S, Sadeghi-Nasab A, Alamian S, Arabestani MR, Valiei Z, Gharekhani J. Brucellosis in livestock: First study on seroepidemiology, risk factors, and preventive strategies to manage the disease in Famenin, Iran. Vet World 2022; 15:2102-2110. [PMID: 36313852 PMCID: PMC9615486 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2102-2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Brucellosis is an infectious disease in humans and livestock. The disease is endemic in many regions of Iran, for example, Hamedan Province. Knowledge of infection rate and associated risk factors is essential to control and prevent the disease. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of brucellosis and associated risk factors in cattle, sheep, and goats in Famenin, Hamedan Province, West of Iran. Materials and Methods: Blood samples of 1758 animals (1470 sheep, 190 goats, and 98 cattle) were obtained in different rural regions of Famenin. The samples were evaluated to detect of Brucella-antibodies using rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), Wright standard tube agglutination test (SAT), and 2-Mercapto-Ethanol (2-ME) techniques. The risk factors associated with brucellosis such as age, gender, history of vaccination against brucellosis, and abortion history in animals were evaluated. In the sampling process, the critical gaps related to the distribution of brucellosis in the herds and regions are identified for designing the strategies to prevent and control the disease. Results: About 6.88% and 89.31% of animals had a history of abortion and vaccination against brucellosis, respectively. Most of the animals were female (92.49%) and in the range of 2–3 age old (39.8%). The antibodies to the Brucella-infection in animals were 2.73% with RBPT and 1.30% with SAT and 2-ME. The prevalence of brucellosis was detected 1.3% among individual animals and 11% among herds. This rate was 1.43% for sheep and 1.05% for goats, with no significant statistical difference. No seropositive case was detected in cattle samples using RBPT, STAT, and 2-ME. The highest rate of brucellosis (6.25%) was detected in Emamzadeh-Pirnahan region (22.2% goats and 5.6% sheep). In sheep, most cases of the disease were in 3–4 age-old group (1.92%), animals without a history of abortion (1.58%), and without a history of vaccination against brucellosis (2.80%). Furthermore, 5.94% of males and 1.11% of females were detected positive for brucellosis (p < 0.001). The chance of brucellosis in rams was 5.6 folds higher than in others (odds ratio = 5.64). Brucellosis in goats was detected 2.94% and 1.89% in the age groups <1 and 2–3 year-old. Furthermore, 1.22% of females and 1.34% of animals without a history of abortion were positive. Brucellosis was found in 0.61% of vaccinated and 3.85% of non-vaccinated goats. Except for gender in sheep, no significant statistical correlation (p > 0.05) was observed between prevalence of brucellosis and risk factors. In farmers, low level of information about the transmission and also control and preventive methods of the disease was dominant. Consumption of traditional and unpasteurized dairy products is also very common in the studied regions. Conclusion: This is a comprehensive evaluation of animal brucellosis parallel to humans’ cohort study in the Famenin region for the first time. Although the rate of brucellosis in animals is low in the region, explaining the risk factors to farmers, mass vaccination, regular screening of animals, and culling the positive animals are very important for controlling and reducing the disease in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Adabi
- Brucellosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaiee
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Sadeghi-Nasab
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Saeed Alamian
- Department of Brucellosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Valiei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hamadan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jamal Gharekhani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Hamedan, Iran
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18
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Liang D, Liu D, Yang M, Wang X, Li Y, Guo W, Du M, Wang W, Xue M, Wu J, Cui B, Yin S, Wang R, Li S. Spatiotemporal distribution of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia, China, in 2010-2015, and influencing factors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24213. [PMID: 34930982 PMCID: PMC8688419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03723-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis is caused by Brucella species and remains a major burden in both human and domesticated animal populations, especially in Inner Mongolia, China. The aims of this study were to analyze the spatiotemporal trends in human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia during 2010 to 2015, to explore the factors affecting the incidence of brucellosis. The results showed that the annual incidence was 29.68–77.67 per 100,000, and peaked from March to June. The majority of human brucellosis was male farmers and herdsmen, aged 40–59 years. The high-risk areas were mainly Xilin Gol League and Hulunbeier City. The incidence of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia decreased during 2010 to 2015, although the middle and eastern regions were still high-risk areas. The regions with larger number of sheep and cattle, lower GDP per capita, less number of hospital beds, higher wind speed, lower mean temperature more likely to become high-risk areas of human brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyan Liang
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Department of Medicine, Hetao College, Bayan Nur, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Yunpeng Li
- Inner Mongolia Ecology and Agrometeorology Center, Hohhot, China
| | - Weidong Guo
- Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China
| | - Maolin Du
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenrui Wang
- Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China
| | - Mingming Xue
- School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jing Wu
- National Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Buyun Cui
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohua Yin
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shiyuan Li
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Li W, Yang X, Lindahl JF, Yang G, Gilbert J, Unger F. Participatory and Transdisciplinary Studies of Brucella Infection in Humans and Animals in Yunnan Province, China-Lessons Learned. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021; 6:tropicalmed6030134. [PMID: 34287375 PMCID: PMC8293356 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed6030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is an important zoonosis occurring globally. In addition to the risk for disease in humans, the disease causes production losses, since the disease in livestock is characterized by abortion and other reproductive failures. The disease is a public health concern in China, but no information is available on knowledge, perception and awareness of potential risk groups such as farmers, butchers and animal health workers; yet successful control requires compliance of those affected groups to be effective. Following the principles of the Ecohealth approach, emphasis was given to participation of all relevant stakeholders, use of qualitative and quantitative tools, and cross-sectorial collaboration. Data collection included on-farm questionnaires (N = 192) and collection of bulk milk samples of goat (N = 40), cattle (N = 45) and buffalo (N = 41) from farms, as well as serum samples (N = 228) from humans. Milk samples were tested with an ELISA for presence of antibodies, while a serum agglutination test was used for human samples. Qualitative work included 17 focus group discussion (FGD) with villagers and 47 in-depth interviews (IDI) with village animal health workers, doctors, and butchers, focused on knowledge, perception and awareness on zoonoses including brucellosis. Results from questionnaires indicate that abortions are a common problem; cattle with abortion history are kept for further insemination and the milk still consumed or sold. Antibodies against Brucella were detected in cows' (5/45) and goats' (1/40) milk samples, and in human samples (5/126) in Yiliang, while in Mangshi, all buffalo (N = 41) and humans (N = 102) were negative. FGD and IDI results showed an alarmingly low knowledge and awareness on zoonoses; particularly, low awareness about brucellosis was noted, even among the professional groups. Collaboration between village animal health workers and doctors was uncommon. No confirmed brucellosis cases were found in retrospective investigation of hospital and veterinary stations. This study demonstrates the presence of brucellosis in livestock and humans in Yunnan, indicating a non-negligible risk for humans. It is also made apparent that there is a need for increased awareness among both farmers and professionals in order to reduce the risk of zoonotic transmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali 671000, China;
| | - Johanna F. Lindahl
- Department of Biosciences, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 30709, Kenya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: (J.F.L.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guorong Yang
- Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science, Kunming 650212, China
- Correspondence: (J.F.L.); (G.Y.)
| | | | - Fred Unger
- International Livestock Research Institute, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang A, Yan Y, Chen Y, Li X, Guo A, Robertson ID. An epidemiological study of brucellosis on mainland China during 2004-2018. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 68:2353-2363. [PMID: 33118288 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis has re-emerged in China in recent years, resulting in an increasing health burden and economic losses for humans and the livestock industries. This study integrated data from human and livestock brucellosis surveillance systems to explore the changing epidemiology of brucellosis from 2004 to 2018 in China. A total of 524,980 human cases of brucellosis were reported, with the average annual incidence in humans being significantly higher for the period 2012-2018 than for 2004-2011 (3.3 vs. 1.9 per 100,000 residents). An autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model predicted an upward trend in the monthly incidence of brucellosis in humans in 2019 and 2020. Characteristics including being male, aged 45-54 years, working in the livestock industries, and residing in the northern provinces of China increased the risk of people contracting brucellosis. The percentage of provinces with infected people increased from 67.7% (21/31) in 2004 to all provinces in 2018. A total of 29,115 outbreaks were reported in livestock from 2004 to 2018, with 443,883 seropositive animals although only 381,224 (85.9%) of these were culled. The monthly incidence of brucellosis in humans was strongly positively correlated (r = .539, p < .001) with the number of outbreaks of brucellosis in livestock reported 3 months prior to the human cases. At the provincial level, the annual incidence of brucellosis in humans was significantly positively correlated with the sheep population (r = .786, p < .01). In conclusion, brucellosis in humans and livestock has been spreading in mainland China in the past decade. A more active surveillance of brucellosis in both livestock and humans in China should be coordinated and adjusted by adopting an evidence-based 'One Health' approach, particularly in high-risk regions and livestock industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Anping Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,China-Australia Joint Research and Training Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,China-Australia Joint Research and Training Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ian D Robertson
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,China-Australia Joint Research and Training Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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21
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Mohammadian-Khoshnoud M, Sadeghifar M, Cheraghi Z, Hosseinkhani Z. Predicting the incidence of brucellosis in Western Iran using Markov switching model. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:79. [PMID: 33648578 PMCID: PMC7923320 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Brucellosis is a zoonosis almost chronic disease. Brucellosis bacteria can remain in the environment for a long time. Thus, climate irregularities could pave the way for the survival of the bacterium brucellosis. Brucellosis is more common in men 25 to 29 years of age, in the western provinces, and in the spring months. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of climatic factors as well as predicting the incidence of brucellosis in Qazvin province using the Markov switching model (MSM). This study is a secondary study of data collected from 2010 to 2019 in Qazvin province. The data include brucellosis cases and climatic parameters. Two state MSM with time lags of 0, 1 and 2 was fitted to the data. The Bayesian information criterion (BIC) was used to evaluate the models. Results According to the BIC, the two-state MSM with a 1-month lag is a suitable model. The month, the average-wind-speed, the minimum-temperature have a positive effect on the number of brucellosis, the age and rainfall have a negative effect. The results show that the probability of an outbreak for the third month of 2019 is 0.30%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Sadeghifar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Zahra Cheraghi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseinkhani
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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22
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Zhao GP, Wang YX, Fan ZW, Ji Y, Liu MJ, Zhang WH, Li XL, Zhou SX, Li H, Liang S, Liu W, Yang Y, Fang LQ. Mapping ticks and tick-borne pathogens in China. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1075. [PMID: 33597544 PMCID: PMC7889899 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding ecological niches of major tick species and prevalent tick-borne pathogens is crucial for efficient surveillance and control of tick-borne diseases. Here we provide an up-to-date review on the spatial distributions of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in China. We map at the county level 124 tick species, 103 tick-borne agents, and human cases infected with 29 species (subspecies) of tick-borne pathogens that were reported in China during 1950-2018. Haemaphysalis longicornis is found to harbor the highest variety of tick-borne agents, followed by Ixodes persulcatus, Dermacentor nutalli and Rhipicephalus microplus. Using a machine learning algorithm, we assess ecoclimatic and socioenvironmental drivers for the distributions of 19 predominant vector ticks and two tick-borne pathogens associated with the highest disease burden. The model-predicted suitable habitats for the 19 tick species are 14‒476% larger in size than the geographic areas where these species were detected, indicating severe under-detection. Tick species harboring pathogens of imminent threats to public health should be prioritized for more active field surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Jin Liu
- College of Public Health and Health Professions and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wen-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Lou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Song Liang
- College of Public Health and Health Professions and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China.
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Public Health and Health Professions and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P.R. China.
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23
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Li Y, Tan D, Xue S, Shen C, Ning H, Cai C, Liu Z. Prevalence, distribution and risk factors for brucellosis infection in goat farms in Ningxiang, China. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:39. [PMID: 33468123 PMCID: PMC7814720 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In south China, goats are the major source of Brucellosis for human infection. However, there are few studies on the prevalence of and risk factors for goat brucellosis in south China. In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the herd prevalence, spatial distribution and relevant risk factors for goat brucellosis in Ningxiang county, south China. Commercial goat farms (n = 457) were randomly selected, and their disease status was ascertained by testing serum samples of chosen individuals using the Rose Bengal Test (screening test) and the Serum Agglutination Test (confirmatory test) in series. A farm with at least two positive individuals was defined as a case farm. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect information on management and hygiene practices in farms. A logistic model with a binomial outcome was built to identify risk factors for being seropositive. Results The true herd prevalence in commercial goat farms was 4.5% (95%CI: 0.2%-12.2%) and the townships in the centre of the county had higher herd prevalence. The risk factors associated with seropositive on local goat farms include “Introduction in the past 12 months” (OR= 61, 95%CI: 16-333), “Improperly disposal of the sick or dead goats” (OR= 33, 95%CI: 5-341) and “Poor hygiene in lambing pen” (OR= 25, 95%CI: 5-192). Conclusions These findings will aid in the development of control strategies of Brucellosis in south China and risk factors identified in this study should be taken into consideration when designing a control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Li
- Changsha Animal Disease Control Center, No.12 Xianjiahu Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, P.R. China.,Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6155, WA, Australia.,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, St Lucia, 4067, QLD, Australia
| | - Dan Tan
- Changsha Animal Disease Control Center, No.12 Xianjiahu Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Xue
- Changsha Animal Disease Control Center, No.12 Xianjiahu Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Chaojian Shen
- Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, No. 369 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266032, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Huajie Ning
- Changsha Animal Disease Control Center, No.12 Xianjiahu Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Chang Cai
- Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zengzai Liu
- Changsha Animal Disease Control Center, No.12 Xianjiahu Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, P.R. China.
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24
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Yang Z, Pang M, Zhou Q, Song S, Liang W, Chen J, Guo T, Shao Z, Liu K. Spatiotemporal expansion of human brucellosis in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China and model for risk prediction. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10113. [PMID: 33133781 PMCID: PMC7580622 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human brucellosis imposes a heavy burden on the health and economy of endemic regions. Since 2011, China has reported at least 35,000 human brucellosis cases annually, with more than 90% of these cases reported in the northern. Given the alarmingly high incidence and variation in the geographical distribution of human brucellosis cases, there is an urgent need to decipher the causes of such variation in geographical distribution. Method We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study in Shaanxi Province from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2018 to investigate the association between meteorological factors and transmission of human brucellosis according to differences in geographical distribution and seasonal fluctuation in northwestern China for the first time. Results Human brucellosis cases were mainly distributed in the Shaanbei upland plateau before 2008 and then slowly extended towards the southern region with significant seasonal fluctuation. The results of quasi-Poisson generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) indicated that air temperature, sunshine duration, rainfall, relative humidity, and evaporation with maximum lag time within 7 months played crucial roles in the transmission of human brucellosis with seasonal fluctuation. Compared with the Shaanbei upland plateau, Guanzhong basin had more obvious fluctuations in the occurrence of human brucellosis due to changes in meteorological factors. Additionally, the established GAMM model showed high accuracy in predicting the occurrence of human brucellosis based on the meteorological factors. Conclusion These findings may be used to predict the seasonal fluctuations of human brucellosis and to develop reliable and cost-effective prevention strategies in Shaanxi Province and other areas with similar environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurong Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Disease Prevention and Control in Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Pang
- Shaanxi Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyang Zhou
- Centre for Disease Prevention and Control in Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxuan Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Liang
- Health Commission of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjiang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianci Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Zhang H, Deng X, Cui B, Shao Z, Zhao X, Yang Q, Song S, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu Z, Sheng J, Chen C. Abortion and various associated risk factors in dairy cow and sheep in Ili, China. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232568. [PMID: 33125372 PMCID: PMC7598486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied livestock abortion and various associated risk factors in the Ili region of northwest China. Livestock abortion prevalence was estimated and correlated with infections (Brucellosis, Salmonellosis, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia seropositivity) and management (farming type and contact with other herds/flocks) risk factors. A total of 2996 serum samples (1406 cow, 1590 sheep) were identified by RBPT (Rose Bengal Plate Test) and c-ELISA (competitive-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), and they showed the overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in the study area was cow 6.76%, sheep 9.50%. The seroprevalence of brucellosis in X county was cow 7.06%, sheep 9.12%; in H county was cow 11.70%, sheep 10.80%; and in Q county was cow 4.22%, sheep 9.11%. The overall seroprevalence of Mycoplasma in the study area was cow 3.20%, sheep 6.42%. The seroprevalence of Mycoplasma in X county was cow 3.39%, sheep 7.98%; in H county was cow 5.26%, sheep 9.97%; and in Q county was cow 2.11%, sheep 4.33%. The Odds ratio of brucellosis for cow and sheep, respectively, were 45.909 [95% CI 26.912-78.317, P<0.001] and 70.507 [95% CI 43.783-113.544, P<0.001] times higher than other abortion-related factors including mixed farming, contact with other flocks and Mycoplasma infection. A total of 54 samples, including aborted cow (22), sheep (30) fetuses and milk samples (2), were identified as Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis) positive. A total of 38 Brucella were isolated from 16 aborted cow, 20 sheep fetuses and 2 milk samples. All of these isolates were identified, and confirmed, as B. melitensis. A phylogenetic tree showed that the Brucella isolates closely matched the B. melitensis biovar 3 isolated in Inner Mongolia, China, and B. melitensis isolated from Norway and India. These results suggest that B. melitensis biovar 3 is the main pathogen responsible for cow and sheep abortion and also pose a human health risk. Additionally, livestock reproduction can also be influenced by Mycoplasma infection and managerial factors (farming type and contact with other herds/flocks), especially in remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Deng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Buyun Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiran Shao
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qin Yang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shengnan Song
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Jinliang Sheng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
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26
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Liang PF, Zhao Y, Zhao JH, Pan DF, Guo ZQ. Human distribution and spatial-temporal clustering analysis of human brucellosis in China from 2012 to 2016. Infect Dis Poverty 2020; 9:142. [PMID: 33050950 PMCID: PMC7557093 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brucellosis is a major public health issue in China, while its temporal and spatial distribution have not been studied in depth. This study aims to better understand the epidemiology of brucellosis in the mainland of China, by investigating the human, temporal and spatial distribution and clustering characteristics of the disease. Methods Human brucellosis data from the mainland of China between 2012 and 2016 were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The spatial autocorrelation analysis of ArcGIS10.6 and the spatial-temporal scanning analysis of SaTScan software were used to identify potential changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of human brucellosis in the mainland of China during the study period. Results A total of 244 348 human brucellosis cases were reported during the study period of 2012–2016. The average incidence of human brucellosis was higher in the 40–65 age group. The temporal clustering analysis showed that the high incidence of brucellosis occurred between March and July. The spatial clustering analysis showed that the location of brucellosis clustering in the mainland of China remained relatively fixed, mainly concentrated in most parts of northern China. The results of the spatial-temporal clustering analysis showed that Heilongjiang represents a primary clustering area, and the Tibet, Shanxi and Hubei provinces represent three secondary clustering areas. Conclusions Human brucellosis remains a widespread challenge, particularly in northern China. The clustering analysis highlights potential high-risk human groups, time frames and areas, which may require special plans and resources to monitor and control the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Feng Liang
- Department of medical record and statistics, People's hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, Yinchuan, 750004, China.,Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhao
- Ningxia Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Dong-Feng Pan
- Department of Emergency, People's hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zhong-Qin Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China.
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27
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Yang J, Wang G, Li H, Zheng W, Guo B, Wang Z. Knockdown of Mg 2+/Mn 2+ dependent protein phosphatase 1A promotes apoptosis in BV2 cells infected with Brucella suis strain 2 vaccine. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:926-932. [PMID: 32742335 PMCID: PMC7388305 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to inhibit host macrophage apoptosis is one of the survival strategies of intracellular bacteria, including Brucella. In the present study the role of Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent protein phosphatase 1A (PPM1A) in the apoptosis of Brucella suis (B. suis) strain 2 vaccine-infected BV2 cells was investigated. Compared with control cells, the protein expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 were markedly increased in PPM1A short hairpin (sh)RNA-transfected BV2 cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with JNK activator anisomycin significantly increased the rate of apoptosis in BV2 cells in comparison with the control cells. Furthermore, PPM1A shRNA significantly increased the levels of JNK phosphorylation and the levels of cleaved caspase-3 in BV2 cells infected with B. suis strain 2 in comparison with the control cells. DAPI staining showed nuclear condensation in B. suis infected BV2 cells transfected with PPM1A shRNA in comparison with the control shRNA cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that PPM1A shRNA significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic BV2 cells infected with B. suis strain 2 compared with those transfected with control shRNA. Taken together, these data suggested that knockdown of PPM1A promotes apoptosis in B. suis strain 2-infected BV2 cells and that PPM1A may be a potential target in the development of treatments to inhibit intracellular growth of B. suis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Haining Li
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Burui Guo
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
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Zhang Q, Li C, Wang Y, Li Y, Han X, Zhang H, Wang D, Liao Y, Chen Z. Temporal and spatial distribution trends of human brucellosis in Liaoning Province, China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:747-757. [PMID: 32696554 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a natural epidemic zoonotic disease. Liaoning province, north-east of China, has been among the top 10 provinces with highest brucellosis incidence. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of brucellosis in Liaoning Province from 2006 through 2017 was analysed using the Bayesian theory of space-time modelling. The study found that in Liaoning Province, (a) all regions of the entire study area were stable counties; (b) the risk of brucellosis declined slowly with time without an obvious trend; (c) the declining trend of disease risk in three sub-hot-spot counties was faster than the overall trend, whereas in other counties, the trend was similar to the overall trend. Furthermore, the time and spatial trends of brucellosis incidence in Liaoning Province were calculated and analysed. These results may provide a theoretical and scientific basis for the public health department to develop targeted effective prevention and control measures for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Plague and Brucellosis Prevention and Control Base, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baicheng, P. R. China
| | - Ye Li
- Plague and Brucellosis Prevention and Control Base, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baicheng, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohu Han
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Dali Wang
- Plague and Brucellosis Prevention and Control Base, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baicheng, P. R. China
| | - Yilan Liao
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Ma SY, Liu ZG, Zhu X, Zhao ZZ, Guo ZW, Wang M, Cui BY, Li JY, Li ZJ. Molecular epidemiology of Brucella abortus strains from cattle in Inner Mongolia, China. Prev Vet Med 2020; 183:105080. [PMID: 32919319 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although the prevalence of brucellosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region currently remains high, data available on the epidemiological of circulating Brucella abortus strains were limited. A total of 75 isolates obtained from cattle, sheep, and humans were analysed using both the classical method and multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). There are at least three B. abortus biovars (1, 3 and 6) in this region, and B. abortus biovar 3 is the predominant one. Ten known MLVA-11 genotypes were identified, of which five genotypes (72, 75, 78, 82 and 210) were shared among strains from this study and others previously collected in two to seven different nations, suggesting that this population has multiple geographic origins. An MLVA-16 assay sorted the 75 B. abortus strains into two groups (I and II), 5 clusters (A-E) and 44 genotypes (GT1-44), with 26 unique genotypes represented by single isolates, indicating that these B. abortus brucellosis cases were not directly epidemiologically related. The remaining 18 shared genotypes (among a total of 47 isolates) were represented by two to eight isolates, suggesting that there were epidemiologically related pathogens from each shared genotype among the cases. Importantly, the cluster B1 branch including 22 cluster isolates with identical or similar genotypes confirmed the occurrence of a concentrated outbreak epidemic in the eastern region during 1988-1995. This work will contribute to better understanding of B. abortus brucellosis epidemiology in Inner Mongolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Ma
- School of Medical Technology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040 China.
| | - Zhi-Guo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xiong Zhu
- Sanya People' s Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan, China.
| | - Zhong-Zhi Zhao
- Qinghai Institute for Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control, Xining, 811602, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Guo
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Comprehensive Disease Control and Prevention, Huhhot 010031, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- Ulanqab Centre for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Jining, 012000, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Bu-Yun Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Jun-Yan Li
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Zhen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping, Beijing 102206, China.
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Liu K, Yang Z, Liang W, Guo T, Long Y, Shao Z. Effect of climatic factors on the seasonal fluctuation of human brucellosis in Yulin, northern China. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:506. [PMID: 32299414 PMCID: PMC7164191 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brucellosis is a serious public health problem primarily affecting livestock workers. The strong seasonality of the disease indicates that climatic factors may play important roles in the transmission of the disease. However, the associations between climatic variability and human brucellosis are still poorly understood. Methods Data for a 14-year series of human brucellosis cases and seven climatic factors were collected in Yulin City from 2005 to 2018, one of the most endemic areas in northern China. Using cross-correlation analysis, the Granger causality test, and a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM), we assessed the quantitative relationships and exposure-lag-response effects between monthly climatic factors and human brucellosis. Results A total of 7103 cases of human brucellosis were reported from 2005 to 2018 in Yulin City with a distinct peak between April and July each year. Seasonal fluctuations in the transmission of human brucellosis were significantly affected by temperature, sunshine duration, and evaporation. The effects of climatic factors were non-linear over the 6-month period, and higher values of these factors usually increased disease incidence. The maximum separate relative risk (RR) was 1.36 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.81) at a temperature of 17.4 °C, 1.12 (95% CI, 1.03–1.22) with 311 h of sunshine, and 1.18 (95% CI, 0.94–1.48) with 314 mm of evaporation. In addition, the effects of these three climatic factors were cumulative, with the highest RRs of 2.27 (95% CI, 1.09–4.57), 1.54 (95% CI, 1.10–2.18), and 1.27 (95% CI, 0.73–2.14), respectively. Conclusions In Yulin, northern China, variations in climatic factors, especially temperature, sunshine duration, and evaporation, contributed significantly to seasonal fluctuations of human brucellosis within 6 months. The key determinants of brucellosis transmission and the identified complex associations are useful references for developing strategies to reduce the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zurong Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Weifeng Liang
- Health Commission of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Tianci Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yong Long
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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31
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Search trends and prediction of human brucellosis using Baidu index data from 2011 to 2018 in China. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5896. [PMID: 32246053 PMCID: PMC7125199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reporting on brucellosis, a relatively rare infectious disease caused by Brucella, is often delayed or incomplete in traditional disease surveillance systems in China. Internet search engine data related to brucellosis can provide an economical and efficient complement to a conventional surveillance system because people tend to seek brucellosis-related health information from Baidu, the largest search engine in China. In this study, brucellosis incidence data reported by the CDC of China and Baidu index data were gathered to evaluate the relationship between them. We applied an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and an ARIMA model with Baidu search index data as the external variable (ARIMAX) to predict the incidence of brucellosis. The two models based on brucellosis incidence data were then compared, and the ARIMAX model performed better in all the measurements we applied. Our results illustrate that Baidu index data can enhance the traditional surveillance system to monitor and predict brucellosis epidemics in China.
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Yang H, Zhang S, Wang T, Zhao C, Zhang X, Hu J, Han C, Hu F, Luo J, Li B, Zhao W, Li K, Wang Y, Zhen Q. Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatiotemporal Trend Analysis of Human Brucellosis in China, 1950-2018. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2382. [PMID: 32244493 PMCID: PMC7178157 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The rate of brucellosis, a zoonotic disease, has rapidly increased in humans brucellosis(HB) in recent years. In 1950-2018, a total of 684,380 HB cases (median 2274/year (interquartile range (IQR) 966-8325)) were reported to the National Infectious Disease Surveillance System in mainland China. The incidence of HB peaked in 2014 (4.32/100,000), and then showed a downward trend; we predict that it will maintain a steady downward trend in 2019-2020. Since 2015, the incidence of HB has shown opposite trends in the north and south of China; rates in the north have fallen and rates in the south have increased. In 2004-2018, the most significant increases in incidence of HB were in Yunnan (IQR 0.002-0.463/100,000), Hubei (IQR 0.000-0.338/100,000), and Guangdong (IQR 0.015-0.350/100,000). The areas where HB occurs have little overlap with areas with high per capita GDP in China. The "high-high" clusters of HB are located in northeastern China (Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shanxi, and Gansu), and the "low-low" clusters of HB are located in southern China (Yunnan, Jiangxi, Shanghai, Guangxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Guizhou, and Hunan). In recent years, the incidence of HB in China has been controlled to some extent, but the incidence of HB has increased in southern China, and the disease has spread geographically in China from north to south. Further research is needed to address this change and to continue to explore the relationship between the incidence of HB and relevant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Yang
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Siwen Zhang
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Taijun Wang
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Chenhao Zhao
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Xiangyi Zhang
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Jing Hu
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Chenyu Han
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Fangfang Hu
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Jingjing Luo
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Biao Li
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological laboratory, Changchun 130000, China; (W.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Kewei Li
- Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological laboratory, Changchun 130000, China; (W.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Jilin Province First Institute of Endemic Disease Control, Brucellosis Research Laboratory, Changchun 130000, China;
| | - Qing Zhen
- Jilin University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130000, China; (H.Y.); (S.Z.); (T.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (F.H.); (J.L.); (B.L.)
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Liang P, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Pan D, Guo Z. The spatiotemporal distribution of human brucellosis in mainland China from 2007-2016. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:249. [PMID: 32216760 PMCID: PMC7099799 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the considerable efforts made to address the issue of brucellosis worldwide, its prevalence in dairy products continues to be difficult to estimate and represents a key public health issue around the world today. The aim of the present study was to better understand the epidemiology of this disease in mainland China. We set out to investigate the yearly spatial distribution and possible hotspots of the disease. Methods Human brucellosis data from mainland China between 2007 and 2016 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. A geographic information system ArcGIS10.3 (ESRI, Redlands) was used to identify potential changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of human brucellosis in mainland China during the study period. These distributions were evaluated using three-dimensional trend analysis and spatial autocorrelation analyse. A gravity-center was used to analyse the migration track of human brucellosis. Results A total of 399,578 cases of human brucellosis were reported during the 10-year study period. The monthly incidence of brucellosis in China demonstrates clear seasonality. Spring and summer are the peak seasons, while May is the peak month for brucellosis. Three-dimensional trend analysis suggests that brucellosis is on the rise from south to north, and that the epidemic situation in northern China is more severe. Between 2007 and 2016, the overall migration distance of the brucellosis incidence gravity-center was 906.43 km, and the direction was southwest. However, the overall gravity center of brucellosis was still in the northern part of China. In the global autocorrelation analysis, brucellosis in China demonstrated a non-random distribution between 2013 and 2014, with spatial autocorrelation (Z > 1.96, P < 0.05) and a clustering trend, while no clustering trend was found from 2007 to 2012 or from 2015 to 2016. In the local autocorrelation analysis, a Low-Low cluster phenomenon was found in the south of China in 2013 and 2014. Conclusion Human brucellosis remains a widespread challenge, particularly in northern China. The hotspots highlight potential high-risk areas which may require special plans and resources for monitoring and controlling the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Liang
- Department of medical record and statistics, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Ningxia Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zhongqin Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China.
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Cao LT, Liu HH, Li J, Yin XD, Duan Y, Wang J. Relationship of meteorological factors and human brucellosis in Hebei province, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:135491. [PMID: 31740063 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis has always been one of the major public health problems in China. Investigating the influencing factors of brucellosis is conducive to its prevention and control. The incidence trend of brucellosis shows an obvious seasonality, suggesting that there may be a correlation between brucellosis and meteorological factors, but related studies were few. We aimed to use the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to analyze the relationship between meteorological factors and brucellosis. METHODS The data of monthly incidence of brucellosis and meteorological factors in Hebei province from January 2004 to December 2015 were collected from the Chinese Public Health Science Data Center and Chinese meteorological data website. An ARIMA model incorporated with covariables was conducted to estimate the effects of meteorological variables on brucellosis. RESULTS There was a highest peak from May to July every year and an upward trend during the study period. Atmospheric pressure, wind speed, mean temperature, and relative humidity had significant effects on brucellosis. The ARIMA(1,0,0)(1,1,0)12 model with the covariates of atmospheric pressure, wind speed and mean temperature was the optimal model. The results showed that the atmospheric pressure with a 2-month lag (β = -0.004, p = 0.037), the wind speed with a 1-month lag (β = 0.030, p = 0.035), and the mean temperature with a 2-month lag (β = -0.003, p = 0.034) were significant predictors. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that atmospheric pressure, wind speed, mean temperature, and relative humidity have a significant impact on brucellosis. Further understanding of its mechanism would help facilitate the monitoring and early warning of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Ting Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Hong-Hui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.
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Li D, Li L, Zhai J, Wang L, Zhang B. Epidemiological features of human brucellosis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia province, China: a cross-sectional study over an 11-year period (2007-2017). BMJ Open 2020; 10:e031206. [PMID: 31900267 PMCID: PMC6955466 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiology of human brucellosis in the past decade and provide evidence of disease control in Tongliao city, which is one of the highest-risk areas of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia province, China. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Clinically and bacteriologically confirmed human brucellosis cases. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES An analysis of the reported cases of human brucellosis during 2007-2017 was carried out to describe the age, sex and occupational distributions of the cases. The time series analysis model and the geographical information system were explored to describe the seasonality and spatiotemporal distribution, respectively, at the county level. RESULTS A total of 13 938 cases of human brucellosis was collected in Tongliao from 2007 to 2017; the majority was aged 25 years to 59 years (85.4%) and the male-to-female ratio was 2.64:1; most of them were agriculturalists (81.9%) and pastoralists (12.4%). The incidence rates increased dramatically from 9.22/100 000 in 2007 to 69.16/100 000 in 2011 with an annual increase of 14.99%. They decreased during 2012-2016 (annual decrease of 8.37%) and rose again in 2017 (44.32/100 000). The disease peaked during March-July, with a clear periodicity and trend of monthly anterior displacement since 2012. Jarud Banner, the region located in the north-west of Tongliao, had the highest accumulated incidence rate (130.1/100 000) compared with other counties. The high-risk regions were spread from the north-west to the south and east of Tongliao during the past decade. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of human brucellosis in Tongliao was aggravated during the past decade and peaked during March-July. High-risk areas were mainly concentrated in the counties with extensive prairies and livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Li
- Department of Anatomy, The Medical College of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lifei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering, Technology Research Center of Mongolia Autonomous region, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lingzhan Wang
- Institute of Applied Anatomy, The Medical College of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
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Peng C, Li YJ, Huang DS, Guan P. Spatial-temporal distribution of human brucellosis in mainland China from 2004 to 2017 and an analysis of social and environmental factors. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:1. [PMID: 31898483 PMCID: PMC6941396 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-019-0839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to describe the changing distribution of human brucellosis between 2004 and 2017 in mainland China and seek scientific evidence of the relationship between socio-economic, environmental, and ecological factors and human brucellosis incidence. Methods The annual numbers of brucellosis cases and incidence rates from 31 provinces in mainland China between 2004 and 2017 were obtained from the Data-Center for China Public Health Science. The number of monthly brucellosis cases in 2018 was obtained from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The electronic map of the People’s Republic of China was downloaded from the National Earth System Science Data Sharing Platform. Human population density, gross domestic product (GDP), and an inventory of cattle and sheep at the end of each year from 2004 to 2017 were obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics of China. Annual rainfall data from 31 provinces in the People’s Republic of China from 2004 to 2017 were collected from the China Meteorological Data Service Center. The risk distribution and changing trends of human brucellosis were mapped with ArcGIS. A cluster analysis was employed to identify geographical areas and periods with statistically significant incidence rates. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine possible factors that were significantly correlated with the presence of human brucellosis cases. Results Human brucellosis cases have spread throughout the whole country. Human brucellosis cases occurred mostly from March to August and were concentrated from April to July. The inventory of sheep, GDP, and climate were significantly correlated with the presence of brucellosis cases in mainland China. Conclusions The geographical expansion of human brucellosis in mainland China was observed, so did the high-incidence clusters between 2004 and 2017. Most of the cases were reported during the early spring to early summer (February–August). Results from the multivariate linear regression suggested that the inventory of sheep, GDP, and climate were significantly associated with the incidence of human brucellosis in mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yan-Jun Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - De-Sheng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Department of Mathematics, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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Askarpour H, Pordanjani S, Atamaleki A, Amiri M, Khazaei Z, Fallahzadeh H, Alayi R, Naemi H. Study on epidemiological status, spatial and temporal distribution of human brucellosis in kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province during 2011–2017. ADVANCES IN HUMAN BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_14_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Yang X, Piao D, Mao L, Pang B, Zhao H, Tian G, Jiang H, Kan B. Whole-genome sequencing of rough Brucella melitensis in China provides insights into its genetic features. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:2147-2156. [PMID: 32936049 PMCID: PMC7580580 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1824549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Brucella spp. can cause the zoonosis brucellosis, which affects public health and safety and even economic development. B. melitensis has a smooth phenotype, while 28 B. melitensis isolates had a rough phenotype in 2018. In this study, rough phenotype detection and whole genome sequencing methods were used to analyze the genetic features of rough B. melitensis. A drug susceptibility test was also performed. The results showed that the rough B. melitensis strains originated from strains isolated in China rather than from foreign strains. Furthermore, an MS tree showed that 9 complexes to be epidemic in China. For the rough B. melitensis strains, expression of the metabolic function genes varied in the earlier stages of evolution compared to the cellular process and signalling function genes. Expression of some transcriptional regulatory factors also varied in the later stages of evolution, and compared to MFS transporter genes, ABC transporter genes varied in the earlier stages. Moreover, as there was no significant difference in rifampicin, doxycycline and streptomycin susceptibility between the smooth and rough B. melitensis strains, treatment of brucellosis was not affected by strain type. This study provided important information for understanding the genetics and evolution of rough B. melitensis in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongri Piao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Mao
- Liaoning Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guozhong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Biao Kan
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Bagheri H, Tapak L, Karami M, Amiri B, Cherghi Z. Epidemiological Features of Human Brucellosis in Iran (2011-2018) and Prediction of Brucellosis with Data-Mining Models. J Res Health Sci 2019; 19:e00462. [PMID: 32291361 PMCID: PMC7183567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis is known as the major zoonotic disease. We aimed to compare the performance of some data-mining models in predicting the monthly brucellosis cases in Iran. STUDY DESIGN Population-based cohort study. METHODS Three data mining techniques including the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS), and Random Forest (RF) besides to one classic model including Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) was used to predict the monthly incidence of brucellosis in Iran during 2011-2018. We used several criteria (root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), coefficient of determination (R2) and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for appraising the accuracy of prediction and performance of our models. All analysis was done using free statistical software of R3.4.0 RESULTS: Overall 118867 cases (with a mean age of 34.01±1.65 yr) of brucellosis were observed and seven-year incidence rate of brucellosis in Iran was 21.78 (95% CI: 21.66, 21.91). The majority of patients (58.84%) were male and 25-29 yr old. The first three provinces with the highest incidence rate of brucellosis included the following; Kurdistan (71.39 per 100000), Lorestan (68.09 per 100000) and Hamadan (56.24 per 100000). CONCLUSION Brucellosis was more common in males, 25-29 aged yr, western provinces and spring months. The disease had a decreasing trend in the last years. MARS model was more appropriate rather than data mining models for prediction of monthly incidence rate of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Bagheri
- 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leili Tapak
- 2Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran,5Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Karami
- 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran,3Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Behzad Amiri
- 4Centers for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Cherghi
- 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran,5Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran,Correspondence : Zahra Cheraghi (PhD) Tel: +98 9183177990 E-mail:
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Prediction of Human Brucellosis in China Based on Temperature and NDVI. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214289. [PMID: 31694212 PMCID: PMC6862670 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis occurs periodically and causes great economic and health burdens. Brucellosis prediction plays an important role in its prevention and treatment. This paper establishes relationships between human brucellosis (HB) and land surface temperature (LST), and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). A seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous variables (SARIMAX) model is constructed to predict trends in brucellosis rates. The fitted results (Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) = 807.58, Schwarz Bayes Criterion (SBC) = 819.28) showed obvious periodicity and a rate of increase of 138.68% from January 2011 to May 2016. We found a significant effect between HB and NDVI. At the same time, the prediction part showed that the highest monthly incidence per year has a decreasing trend after 2015. This may be because of the brucellosis prevention and control measures taken by the Chinese Government. The proposed model allows the early detection of brucellosis outbreaks, allowing more effective prevention and control.
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Li Z, Zhang F, Zhang C, Wang C, Lu P, Zhao X, Hao L, Ding J. Immunoinformatics prediction of OMP2b and BCSP31 for designing multi-epitope vaccine against Brucella. Mol Immunol 2019; 114:651-660. [PMID: 31557626 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Brucella poses a serious threat to human health. High quality vaccines for Brucella are urgently needed to effectively reduce the incidence of brucellosis. OMP2b and BCSP31 are important component proteins of the Brucella outer membrane and are highly immunogenic. Here, we used the bioinformatics software ProtParam, SOPMA, SWISS-MODEL, Rasmol, BepiPred, SYFPEITHI and IEDB to analyze the structure of these two proteins and predict the epitopes of T cells and B cells. Through analysis, we predicted three Th cell epitopes, seven CTL epitopes, eight B cell epitopes, and one T-B combined epitope of OMP2b protein. Subsequently, we also obtained three Th cell epitopes, six CTL epitopes, nine B cell epitopes and one T-B combined epitope of BCSP31 protein. The T-B combined epitopes and CTL epitopes of OMP2b and those of BCSP31 were synthesized to detect their immunogenicity. The IFN-γ ELISPOT assay showed that the T-B combined epitope peptides of OMP2b and BCSP31 activated Th cell immune responses. ELISA analysis detected the specific antibodies against the T-B combined epitope peptide of OMP2b and BCSP31 in the serum of Brucellosis patients. Additionally, CTL epitope peptide of OMP2b and BCSP31 proteins promoted the secretion of soluble perforin and granzyme B in the culture supernatant. In conclusion, our study shows that the T-B combined epitopes and CTL epitopes of OMP2b and BCSP31 have immunogenicity and immunoreactivity. Our results may lay a theoretical foundation for the development of vaccines against Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, PR China; Clinical Laboratory Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, PR China
| | - Fengbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, PR China
| | - Chuntao Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, PR China
| | - Changmin Wang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, PR China
| | - Peipei Lu
- Clinical Laboratory Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, PR China
| | - Lijun Hao
- Clinical Laboratory Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, PR China
| | - Jianbing Ding
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, PR China.
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Yang J, Li H, Wang Z, Yu L, Liu Q, Niu X, Xu T, Wang Z. Dihydroartemisinin inhibits multiplication of Brucella suis vaccine strain 2 in murine microglia BV2 cells via stimulation of caspase‑dependent apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4067-4072. [PMID: 31545433 PMCID: PMC6797990 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis, caused by a facultative intracellular parasite Brucella species, is the most common bacterial zoonotic infection worldwide. Brucella can survive and proliferate in several phagocytic and non‑phagocytic cell types. Human brucellosis has similar clinical symptoms with systemic diseases, which may lead to delay of diagnosis and increasing of complications. Therefore, investigating the proliferation of Brucella in host cells is important to understand the pathogenesis of the disease. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a semi‑synthetic derivative of artemisinin, has been recommended by World Health Organization as an anti‑malarial drug. However, there have been few studies regarding its effectiveness against bacteria. In the present study, it was revealed that B. suis vaccine strain 2 (S2) grew in BV2 cells without significant cytotoxicity, and less than 20 µM DHA had no inhibitory effects on BV2 cells. Furthermore, DHA reduced B. suis S2 growth in BV2 cells, and increased the percentage of apoptosis and the expression of cleaved caspase‑3 in B. suis S2‑infected cells. Collectively, the present data indicated that DHA induced the caspase‑dependent apoptotic pathway to inhibit the intracellular B. suis S2 growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Haining Li
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Liming Yu
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Niu
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
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Yespembetov BA, Syrym NS, Syzdykov MS, Kuznetsov AN, Koshemetov ZK, Mussayeva AK, Basybekov SZ, Kanatbayev SG, Mankibaev AT, Romashev CM. Impact of geographical factors on the spread of animal brucellosis in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 67:101349. [PMID: 31525572 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In Latin and Central America and in most Asian countries, brucellosis remains an insufficiently studied disease. This study aims to determine the national and regional incidence of brucellosis among cattle (cows) and small ruminants (sheep, goats) in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as to identify the effect of climatic and geographical factors on the incidence rates. Thematic maps were created in an open geographic information system QGIS version 2.8. in order to identify the natural and socio-economic factors that influence the spread of the disease overlay method was used. Local cluster analysis was used in order to identify additional causes of the disease. Findings show the following values of Pearson correlation between the overall population and the number of animals infected: 0.68 for cows, p ≤ 0.005, and 0.56 for sheep and goats, p ≤ 0.03. Thus, the larger the heard in a given area, the greater likelihood of having brucellosis. Data processing reveals that Kazakhstan has almost twice as many regions good for cattle breeding as regions that are good for the small ruminants farming. The correlation variables for cattle and small ruminants are approximately the same. On the basis of the performed research the author proposes to amend the accepted methodology of epidemiology surveillance by the methods based on spatial (geographical) analysis. It is also proposed to adjust the process of breeding cattle and small ruminants considering the additional health recommendations that take into account the geographical aspects of the spread of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nazym S Syrym
- Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Kazakhstan.
| | - Marat S Syzdykov
- M. Aikimbayev Kazakh Scientific Centre for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, Kazakhstan
| | - Andrey N Kuznetsov
- M. Aikimbayev Kazakh Scientific Centre for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, Kazakhstan
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Arif S, Thomson PC, Hernandez‐Jover M, McGill DM, Warriach HM, Hayat K, Heller J. Bovine brucellosis in Pakistan; an analysis of engagement with risk factors in smallholder farmer settings. Vet Med Sci 2019; 5:390-401. [PMID: 30957947 PMCID: PMC6682800 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in smallholder farms in seven regions in Pakistan, identify herd and individual level risk factors for seropositivity and assess the level of engagement of farmers with risk factors. In total, 1063 cattle and buffalo belonging to 420 herds in seven districts were sampled. The Rose Bengal test (RBT), indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) were used for the serological diagnosis of bovine brucellosis on all the serum samples. The associations between herd-and animal-level risk factors and seropositivity were investigated using logistic regression analyses. In addition, herd management practice scores, created to quantify the number of management practices undertaken that pose a risk for Brucella transmission, were calculated and compared between seropositive and negative herds within each district. Overall herd and animal prevalence were estimated to be 16.2% (95% CI, 13-20%) and 8.7% (95% CI, 7.2-10.6%), respectively, across all districts sampled. Herds with a history of last trimester abortion were found to be more likely to be positive than herds without such history (OR = 2.06, 95% CI, 1.09-3.89), providing validation of our findings and identifying that clinical disease is occurring in this region. It was also identified that herds with five to eight buffalo (OR = 3.80, 95% CI, 1.69-8.49), and those with more than eight buffalo (OR = 3.81, 95% CI, 1.51-9.58) were more likely to be positive for Brucella than those with less (one to two and three to four) buffaloes present in the herd. The presence of other domestic animals at the farm and purchasing animals in last year were found to have no association with seropositivity. The findings of this study support the need for the development of targeted intervention strategies specific to the disease status of each district.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Arif
- School of Animal and Veterinary SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia
- Graham Centre for Agricultural InnovationCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Peter C. Thomson
- Graham Centre for Agricultural InnovationCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneyCamdenNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Marta Hernandez‐Jover
- School of Animal and Veterinary SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia
- Graham Centre for Agricultural InnovationCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia
| | - David M. McGill
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- AVCCR Dairy‐Beef ProjectUniversity of Veterinary & Animal SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Hassan M. Warriach
- AVCCR Dairy‐Beef ProjectUniversity of Veterinary & Animal SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Khizar Hayat
- AVCCR Dairy‐Beef ProjectUniversity of Veterinary & Animal SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Jane Heller
- School of Animal and Veterinary SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia
- Graham Centre for Agricultural InnovationCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia
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Lin Y, Xu M, Zhang X, Zhang T. An exploratory study of factors associated with human brucellosis in mainland China based on time-series-cross-section data from 2005 to 2016. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208292. [PMID: 31199806 PMCID: PMC6568380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Many studies focused on reasons behind the increasing incidence and the spread of human brucellosis in mainland China, yet most of them lacked comprehensive consideration with quantitative evidence. Hence, this study aimed to further investigate the epidemic mechanism and associated factors of human brucellosis so as to provide thoughts for future countermeasures in China and the rest of the world. Methods Data of human brucellosis incidence and some associated factors in economy, animal husbandry, transportation as well as health and hygiene were collected at provincial level from 2005–2016. Time series plots were first used to visualize the annual incidence and annual rate of change of human brucellosis for each province, then cluster analysis categorized all the 31 provinces of mainland China based on their incidence time series during the study period. In addition, according to the characteristics of data, the dynamic panel data model in combination with supervised principal component analysis was proposed to explore effects of associated factors on human brucellosis. Results 1. The incidence rate of human brucellosis in mainland China increased three-fold from 1.41 per 100,000 people in 2005 to 4.22 per 100,000 people in 2014, though it went down a little in 2015 and 2016. Incidence rates in the north have always been higher than those in the south, but the latter also experienced an upward trend especially between 2012 and 2016. 2. The 31 provinces of mainland China were categorized into three clusters, and each cluster had its own characteristics of incidence time series. 3. The impact of health and hygiene situations on the prevention and control work of human brucellosis was still very limited and trivial (regression coefficient = -0.02). Therefore, it was plausible to presume that improving the personal average number of medical institutes and the proportion of rural medical expenditure might be helpful in preventing and controlling human brucellosis. Conclusions The epidemic status of human brucellosis has changed in both spatial and temporal dimensions in recent years in mainland China. Apart from traditional control measures, more attention should be paid to the improvement of medical healthcare especially in rural areas in the hope of enhancing the control effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Minghan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Applied Biostatistics Laboratory, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail:
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Jiang W, Chen J, Li Q, Jiang L, Huang Y, Lan Y, Li Y. Epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in 850 patients with brucellosis in Heilongjiang Province, China. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:439. [PMID: 31109292 PMCID: PMC6528215 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis has extensive clinical spectrum, clinicians have insufficient understanding of the disease, and the misdiagnosis rate is still high. By collecting and analyzing the clinical characteristics of patients with brucellosis in Heilongjiang Province to provide guidance and reference for clinicians to make timely diagnosis and treatment. METHODS The demographic and epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, complications, laboratory findings were retrospectively evaluated in 850 brucellosis patients admitted in the Department of Infectious Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and the Second Hospital of Daqing from 2012 to 2017. RESULTS Of the 850 patients, the most common clinical manifestations were fever (93.3%), joint pain (69.8%), sweating (45.2%), fatigue (38.6%), and splenomegaly (34.0%). Peripheral arthritis, spondylitis and epididymal-orchitis were the common complications. Of the 398 patients who were followed up and completed treatment, 22 (5.5%) had relapse. CONCLUSIONS Brucellosis is a multisystem disease with diverse clinical manifestations. In areas where brucellosis is endemic, the possibility of the disease should be considered in patients with unexplained fever and joints pain. In addition, the high rate of relapse is mainly due to the misdiagnosis of complications, so local CT or MRI examination is necessary for patients with joint pain and low back pain. Timely diagnosis, early detection of complications are essential to improve the prognosis and reduce relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Jiang
- Department of Infection Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Jiwang Chen
- The Second Hospital of Daqing, Daqing, 163000 Heilongjiang China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Infection Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Lisheng Jiang
- Department of Infection Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Yanxin Huang
- Department of Infection Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Yinghua Lan
- Department of Infection Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Yongguo Li
- Department of Infection Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
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The use of CaSO 4 drug delivery system in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for spinal brucellosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2019; 182:5-10. [PMID: 31054425 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The incidence of human brucellosis has risen dramatically in China with few reports regarding the operation on spinal brucellosis. In this retrospective study we introduced CaSO4drug delivery system into the TLIF surgical procedure and evaluated its clinical effectiveness and feasibility. PATIENTS AND METHODS 36 patients with lumbar brucellosis were enrolled and treated by posterior transforaminal decompression, instrumentation and fusion. Prepared CaSO4 beads carrying doxycycline were placed into the disc space and around pedicle screws. The activity of infection and pain-related function scales were recorded. Neurologic and functional recovery was evaluated using ASIA and Kirkaldy-Willis scale. Segmental and overall lordotic angles were measured and fusion status was assessed at final follow up. RESULTS The average follow-up period was 15.6 ± 3.73 months. The level of ESR and CRP returned to normal at 3 months post-op. 14 patients with ASIA grade D pre-op returned ASIA grade E with 3 months. The improvement of VAS and ODI was 82% and 85.8% at 3 months post-op. The corrections of segmental and overall lordotic angle were 5.98 ± 3.54° and 6.24 ± 7.93°. 69% of patients reached definitive union at 12 months after surgery. The satisfactory rate on Kirkaldy-Willis functional outcome criteria was 88.9%. CONCLUSION The use of CaSO4 drug delivery system during single-stage TLIF for spinal brucellosis was safe and showed no negative impacts on fusion status and neurological function recovery. Our results are promising and the drug delivery system may be considered as a choice for future treatment in spinal brucellosis or other spondylodiscitis.
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Spatial analysis to assess the relationship between human and bovine brucellosis in South Korea, 2005-2010. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6657. [PMID: 31040303 PMCID: PMC6491422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first case of human brucellosis in South Korea was reported in 2002, and cases of human infection continue to occur. Although an association between human and bovine brucellosis has been identified, the spatial relationship has not been studied in South Korea. Here, we analysed the spatial patterns of human and bovine brucellosis retrieved from the human and veterinary surveillance data, as well as the spatial correlation between human and bovine brucellosis and associated factors that contribute to its occurrence. The risk of human brucellosis was analysed using a Bayesian spatial model with potential risk factors. Our results show that, for both human and bovine brucellosis, hotspots were clustered in the southeast regions of Korea, whereas coldspots were clustered in the northwest regions of Korea. Our study suggests that the risk of human brucellosis increases in rural regions with the highest risk of bovine brucellosis. Collaborative strategies between human and veterinary health sectors (e.g, public health intervention and region-specific eradication programs for bovine brucellosis) would reduce the burden of brucellosis in South Korea.
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Qekwana DN, Oguttu JW, Odoi A. Geographic distribution of staphylococcus spp. infections and antimicrobial resistance among dogs from Gauteng Province presented at a veterinary teaching hospital in South Africa. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2019; 28:14-23. [PMID: 30739651 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate spatial patterns of staphylococcal infections and resistance patterns of clinical isolates among dogs from Gauteng province in South Africa. Data from records of 1497 dog clinical samples submitted to a veterinary teaching hospital between 2007 and 2012 were used in the study. Spatial empirical Bayesian smoothed risk maps were used to investigate spatial patterns of staphylococcal infections, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and multidrug resistance (MDR). Moran's I and spatial scan statistics were used to investigate spatial clusters at municipal and town spatial scales. Significant clusters of staphylococcal infections were identified at both the municipal (Relative Risk [RR] = 1.71, p = 0.003) and town (RR = 1.65, p = 0.039) scales. However, significant clusters of AMR (p = 0.003) and MDR (p = 0.007) were observed only at the town scale. Future larger studies will need to investigate local determinants of geographical distribution of the clusters so as to guide targeted control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nenene Qekwana
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Section Veterinary Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - James Wabwire Oguttu
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Agricola Odoi
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Section Veterinary Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa; Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States.
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Ran X, Chen X, Wang M, Cheng J, Ni H, Zhang XX, Wen X. Brucellosis seroprevalence in ovine and caprine flocks in China during 2000-2018: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:393. [PMID: 30541567 PMCID: PMC6292006 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brucellosis remains one of the most common zoonotic diseases globally, with more than half million human cases reported annually. Brucellosis is an emerging and re-emerging disease in China since the 1990s. An infectious reservoir constituted by domestic animals with brucellosis, especially ovine and caprine herds, poses a significant threat to public health. The seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep and goat flocks in a national context is unavailable so far. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the overall status of brucellosis in sheep and goats in China in almost two decades. Results The pooled prevalence of brucellosis in ovine and caprine flocks in China increased in 2000–2009 (1.00%; 95% CI, 0.70–1.30) to 2010–2018 (3.20%; 95% CI, 2.70–3.60). The seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep and goat flocks was higher in Eastern China, with 7.00% of positive rate, than that in any other region, especially Shandong province (18.70%). Brucellosis is highly endemic in some local regions. The high prevalence of brucellosis in agricultural regions is suggestive of a shift of geographic distribution. The pooled prevalence of brucellosis is higher in goat flocks than in sheep flocks in China. Conclusions The overall data in this meta-analysis demands comprehensive intervention measures and further surveillance to facilitate the control of brucellosis in livestock. Further studies aimed at evaluating the risk factors associated with spreads of brucellosis in domestic animals unaddressed so far, and sufficient epidemiological data is important to the exploration and understanding of the prevalent status of brucellosis throughout the country and to disease control. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1715-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhua Ran
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5, XinFeng Rd., Saertu District, Daqing City, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5, XinFeng Rd., Saertu District, Daqing City, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5, XinFeng Rd., Saertu District, Daqing City, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiajia Cheng
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5, XinFeng Rd., Saertu District, Daqing City, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hongbo Ni
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5, XinFeng Rd., Saertu District, Daqing City, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5, XinFeng Rd., Saertu District, Daqing City, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5, XinFeng Rd., Saertu District, Daqing City, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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