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Fan HY, Lin WY, Lu TP, Chen YY, Hsu JB, Yu SL, Su TC, Lin HJ, Chen YC, Chien KL. Targeted next-generation sequencing for genetic variants of left ventricular mass status among community-based adults in Taiwan. Front Genet 2023; 13:1064980. [PMID: 36712865 PMCID: PMC9879005 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1064980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Left ventricular mass is a highly heritable disease. Previous studies have suggested common genetic variants to be associated with left ventricular mass; however, the roles of rare variants are still unknown. We performed targeted next-generation sequencing using the TruSight Cardio panel, which provides comprehensive coverage of 175 genes with known associations to 17 inherited cardiac conditions. Methods: We conducted next-generation sequencing using the Illumina TruSight Cardiomyopathy Target Genes platform using the 5% and 95% extreme values of left ventricular mass from community-based participants. After removing poor-quality next-generation sequencing subjects, including call rate <98% and Mendelian errors, 144 participants were used for the analysis. We performed downstream analysis, including quality control, alignment, coverage length, and annotation; after setting filtering criteria for depths more than 60, we found a total of 144 samples and 165 target genes for further analysis. Results: Of the 12,287 autosomal variants, most had minor allele frequencies of <1% (rare frequency), and variants had minor allele frequencies ranging from 1% to 5%. In the multi-allele variant analyses, 16 loci in 15 genes were significant using the false discovery rate of less than .1. In addition, gene-based analyses using continuous and binary outcomes showed that three genes (CASQ2, COL5A1, and FXN) remained to be associated with left ventricular mass status. One single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs7538337) was enriched for the CASQ2 gene expressed in aorta artery (p = 4.6 × 10-18), as was another single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs11103536) for the COL5A1 gene expressed in aorta artery (p = 2.0 × 10-9). Among the novel genes discovered, CASQ2, COL5A1, and FXN are within a protein-protein interaction network with known cardiovascular genes. Conclusion: We clearly demonstrated candidate genes to be associated with left ventricular mass. Further studies to characterize the target genes and variants for their functional mechanisms are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Yu Fan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pin Lu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Yu Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Justin BoKai Hsu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ju Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Ching Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Kuo-Liong Chien,
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2
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Jones AC, Patki A, Claas SA, Tiwari HK, Chaudhary NS, Absher DM, Lange LA, Lange EM, Zhao W, Ratliff SM, Kardia SLR, Smith JA, Irvin MR, Arnett DK. Differentially Methylated DNA Regions and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in African Americans: A HyperGEN Study. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101700. [PMID: 36292585 PMCID: PMC9601679 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and African Americans experience a disparate high risk of LVH. Genetic studies have identified potential candidate genes and variants related to the condition. Epigenetic modifications may continue to help unravel disease mechanisms. We used methylation and echocardiography data from 636 African Americans selected from the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN) to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with LVH. DNA extracted from whole blood was assayed on Illumina Methyl450 arrays. We fit linear mixed models to examine associations between co-methylated regions and LV traits, and we then conducted single CpG analyses within significant DMRs. We identified associations between DMRs and ejection fraction (XKR6), LV internal diastolic dimension (TRAK1), LV mass index (GSE1, RPS15 A, PSMD7), and relative wall thickness (DNHD1). In single CpG analysis, CpG sites annotated to TRAK1 and DNHD1 were significant. These CpGs were not associated with LV traits in replication cohorts but the direction of effect for DNHD1 was consistent across cohorts. Of note, DNHD1, GSE1, and PSMD7 may contribute to cardiac structural function. Future studies should evaluate relationships between regional DNA methylation patterns and the development of LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana C. Jones
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Steven A. Claas
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Hemant K. Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Ninad S. Chaudhary
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Devin M. Absher
- Hudson Alpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ethan M. Lange
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Scott M. Ratliff
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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3
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Irvin MR, Aggarwal P, Claas SA, de Las Fuentes L, Do AN, Gu CC, Matter A, Olson BS, Patki A, Schwander K, Smith JD, Srinivasasainagendra V, Tiwari HK, Turner AJ, Nickerson DA, Rao DC, Broeckel U, Arnett DK. Whole-Exome Sequencing and hiPSC Cardiomyocyte Models Identify MYRIP, TRAPPC11, and SLC27A6 of Potential Importance to Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in an African Ancestry Population. Front Genet 2021; 12:588452. [PMID: 33679876 PMCID: PMC7933688 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.588452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Indices of left ventricular (LV) structure and geometry represent useful intermediate phenotypes related to LV hypertrophy (LVH), a predictor of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) outcomes. Methods and Results: We conducted an exome-wide association study of LV mass (LVM) adjusted to height2.7, LV internal diastolic dimension (LVIDD), and relative wall thickness (RWT) among 1,364 participants of African ancestry (AAs) in the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN). Both single-variant and gene-based sequence kernel association tests were performed to examine whether common and rare coding variants contribute to variation in echocardiographic traits in AAs. We then used a data-driven procedure to prioritize and select genes for functional validation using a human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) model. Three genes [myosin VIIA and Rab interacting protein (MYRIP), trafficking protein particle complex 11 (TRAPPC11), and solute carrier family 27 member 6 (SLC27A6)] were prioritized based on statistical significance, variant functional annotations, gene expression in the hiPSC-CM model, and prior biological evidence and were subsequently knocked down in the hiPSC-CM model. Expression profiling of hypertrophic gene markers in the knockdowns suggested a decrease in hypertrophic expression profiles. MYRIP knockdowns showed a significant decrease in atrial natriuretic factor (NPPA) and brain natriuretic peptide (NPPB) expression. Knockdowns of the heart long chain fatty acid (FA) transporter SLC27A6 resulted in downregulated caveolin 3 (CAV3) expression, which has been linked to hypertrophic phenotypes in animal models. Finally, TRAPPC11 knockdown was linked to deficient calcium handling. Conclusions: The three genes are biologically plausible candidates that provide new insight to hypertrophic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Praful Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Steven A Claas
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Anh N Do
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Andrea Matter
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Benjamin S Olson
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Amy J Turner
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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4
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Kim M, Kim SK. Genetic approaches toward understanding the individual variation in cardiac structure, function and responses to exercise training. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:1-14. [PMID: 33361533 PMCID: PMC7756535 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for approximately 30% of all deaths worldwide and its prevalence is constantly increasing despite advancements in medical treatments. Cardiac remodeling and dysfunction are independent risk factors for CVD. Recent studies have demonstrated that cardiac structure and function are genetically influenced, suggesting that understanding the genetic basis for cardiac structure and function could provide new insights into developing novel therapeutic targets for CVD. Regular exercise has long been considered a robust non-therapeutic method of treating or preventing CVD. However, recent studies also indicate that there is inter-individual variation in response to exercise. Nevertheless, the genetic basis for cardiac structure and function as well as their responses to exercise training have yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, this review summarizes accumulated evidence supporting the genetic contribution to these traits, including findings from population-based studies and unbiased large genomic-scale studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsun Kim
- Department of Sports Science, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea
| | - Seung Kyum Kim
- Department of Sports Science, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea
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5
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Dong K, He X, Su H, Fulton DJR, Zhou J. Genomic analysis of circular RNAs in heart. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:167. [PMID: 33160353 PMCID: PMC7648966 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of human morbidity and mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly discovered class of RNA that have been found to have important physiological and pathological roles. In the current study, we de novo analyzed existing whole transcriptome data from 5 normal and 5 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) human heart samples and compared the results with circRNAs that have been previously reported in human, mouse and rat hearts. RESULTS Our analysis identifies a list of cardiac circRNAs that are reliably detected in multiple studies. We have also defined the top 30 most abundant circRNAs in healthy human hearts which include some with previously unrecognized cardiac roles such as circHIPK3_11 and circTULP4_1. We further found that many circRNAs are dysregulated in DCM, particularly transcripts originating from DCM-related gene loci, such as TTN and RYR2. In addition, we predict the potential of cardiac circRNAs to sponge miRNAs that have reported roles in heart disease. We found that circALMS1_6 has the highest potential to bind miR-133, a microRNA that can regulate cardiac remodeling. Interestingly, we detected a novel class of circRNAs, referred to as read-though (rt)-circRNAs which are produced from exons of two different neighboring genes. Specifically, rt-circRNAs from SCAF8 and TIAM2 were observed to be dysregulated in DCM and these rt-circRNAs have the potential to sponge multiple heart disease-related miRNAs. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this study provides a valuable resource for exploring the function of circRNAs in human heart disease and establishes a functional paradigm for identifying novel circRNAs in other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Huabo Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - David J R Fulton
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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6
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Park HJ, Kim SS, Jin HS. Genetic Polymorphisms of SLC8A1Are Associated with Hypertension and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in the Korean Population. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2019.51.3.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jeong Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Jin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
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7
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van der Ende MY, Said MA, van Veldhuisen DJ, Verweij N, van der Harst P. Genome-wide studies of heart failure and endophenotypes: lessons learned and future directions. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:1209-1225. [PMID: 29912321 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome resulting from structural or functional impairments of ventricular filling or ejection of blood. HF has a poor prognosis and the burden to society remains tremendous. The unfulfilled expectation is that expanding our knowledge of the genetic architecture of HF will help to quickly advance the quality of risk assessment, diagnoses, and treatment. To date, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of HF have led to disappointing results with only limited progress in our understanding and tempering the earlier expectations. However, the analyses of traits closely related to HF (also called 'endophenotypes') have led to promising and novel findings. For example, GWAS of NT-proBNP levels not only identified variants in the NNPA-NPPB locus but also substantiated data suggesting that natriuretic peptides in itself are associated with a lower risk of hypertension and HF. Many other genetic associates currently await experimental follow-up in which genes are prioritized based on bioinformatic analyses and various model organisms are employed to obtain functional insights. Promising genes with identified function could later be used in personalized medicine. Also, targeting specific pathogenic gene mutations is promising to protect future generations from HF, such as recently done in human embryos carrying the cardiomyopathy-associated MYBPC3 mutation. This review discusses the current status of GWAS of HF and its endophenotypes. In addition, future directions such as functional follow-up and application of GWAS results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Yldau van der Ende
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mir Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Jan van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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8
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Dueker ND, Guo S, Beecham A, Wang L, Blanton SH, Di Tullio MR, Rundek T, Sacco RL. Sequencing of Linkage Region on Chromosome 12p11 Identifies PKP2 as a Candidate Gene for Left Ventricular Mass in Dominican Families. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2018; 8:659-668. [PMID: 29288195 PMCID: PMC5919734 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.300358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased left ventricular mass (LVM) is an intermediate phenotype for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a predictor of stroke. Using families from the Dominican Republic, we have previously shown LVM to be heritable and found evidence for linkage to chromosome 12p11. Our current study aimed to further characterize the QTL by sequencing the 1 LOD unit down region in 10 families from the Dominican Republic with evidence for linkage to LVM. Within this region, we tested 5477 common variants [CVs; minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥5%] using the Quantitative Transmission-Disequilibrium Test (QTDT). Gene-based analyses were performed to test rare variants (RVs; MAF < 5%) in 181 genes using the family-based sequence kernel association test. A sample of 618 unrelated Dominicans from the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) and 12 Dominican families with Exome Array data were used for replication analyses. The most strongly associated CV with evidence for replication was rs1046116 (Discovery families P = 9.0 × 10-4; NOMAS P = 0.03; replication families P = 0.46), a missense variant in PKP2 In nonsynonymous RV analyses, PKP2 was one of the most strongly associated genes (P = 0.05) with suggestive evidence for replication in NOMAS (P = 0.05). PKP2 encodes the plakophilin 2 protein and is a desmosomal gene implicated in arrythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and recently in arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy, which makes PKP2 an excellent candidate gene for LVM. In conclusion, sequencing of our previously reported QTL identified common and rare variants within PKP2 to be associated with LVM. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the role these variants play in influencing LVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Dueker
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Shengru Guo
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Ashley Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Liyong Wang
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Florida 33136
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Susan H Blanton
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Florida 33136
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Marco R Di Tullio
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida 33136
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Ralph L Sacco
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Florida 33136
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida 33136
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida 33136
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9
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Biffi C, de Marvao A, Attard MI, Dawes TJW, Whiffin N, Bai W, Shi W, Francis C, Meyer H, Buchan R, Cook SA, Rueckert D, O’Regan DP. Three-dimensional cardiovascular imaging-genetics: a mass univariate framework. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:97-103. [PMID: 28968671 PMCID: PMC5870605 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is a strong predictor of cardiovascular outcomes, but its genetic regulation remains largely unexplained. Conventional phenotyping relies on manual calculation of LV mass and wall thickness, but advanced cardiac image analysis presents an opportunity for high-throughput mapping of genotype-phenotype associations in three dimensions (3D). Results High-resolution cardiac magnetic resonance images were automatically segmented in 1124 healthy volunteers to create a 3D shape model of the heart. Mass univariate regression was used to plot a 3D effect-size map for the association between wall thickness and a set of predictors at each vertex in the mesh. The vertices where a significant effect exists were determined by applying threshold-free cluster enhancement to boost areas of signal with spatial contiguity. Experiments on simulated phenotypic signals and SNP replication show that this approach offers a substantial gain in statistical power for cardiac genotype-phenotype associations while providing good control of the false discovery rate. This framework models the effects of genetic variation throughout the heart and can be automatically applied to large population cohorts. Availability and implementation The proposed approach has been coded in an R package freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.834610 together with the clinical data used in this work. Contact declan.oregan@imperial.ac.uk. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Biffi
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Genetics, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Antonio de Marvao
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Genetics, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Mark I Attard
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Genetics, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Timothy J W Dawes
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Genetics, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
- Quantitative Physiology and Genetics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Whiffin
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Genetics, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
- Quantitative Physiology and Genetics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Wenjia Bai
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Wenzhe Shi
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Catherine Francis
- Quantitative Physiology and Genetics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Hannah Meyer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Rachel Buchan
- Quantitative Physiology and Genetics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Stuart A Cook
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Genetics, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
- Quantitative Physiology and Genetics, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Rueckert
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Declan P O’Regan
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Genetics, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
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10
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Shenasa M, Shenasa H. Hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and sudden cardiac death. Int J Cardiol 2017; 237:60-63. [PMID: 28285801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is the most common cause of hypertensive heart disease, which comprises of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left atrial enlargement, diastolic dysfunction, functional mitral regurgitation and neurohormonal changes. All of these lead to significant arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation (AF) as well as ventricular arrhythmias, and are known risk factors for sudden cardiac death (SCD). The association between LVH and SCD is well established, especially in the presence of myocardial ischemia, fibrosis and scar tissue, and AF. Inflammation, fibrosis and oxidative stress, as well as ischemia play a significant role and are the leading pathways to remodeling, arrhythmias, and SCD. Aggressive HTN control may lead, at least in part, to regression of LVH and thus lower the risk of AF and SCD. Therefore, LVH is a powerful, independent predictor of AF, ventricular arrhythmias and SCD, and is significantly underrecognized. Further investigation of the relationship and management of diastolic dysfunction, LVH and genetic factors and their association with SCD is certainly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shenasa
- Department of Cardiovascular Services, O'Connor Hospital, Heart & Rhythm Medical Group, 105 North Bascom Ave, Suite 204, San Jose, CA 95128, United States.
| | - Hossein Shenasa
- Department of Cardiovascular Services, O'Connor Hospital, Heart & Rhythm Medical Group, 105 North Bascom Ave, Suite 204, San Jose, CA 95128, United States
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Iyngkaran P, Thomas MC, Johnson R, French J, Ilton M, McDonald P, Hare DL, Fatkin D. Contextualizing Genetics for Regional Heart Failure Care. Curr Cardiol Rev 2016; 12:231-42. [PMID: 27280306 PMCID: PMC5011192 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x12666160606123103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a chronic and often devastating cardiovascular disorder with no cure. There has been much advancement in the last two decades that has seen improvements in morbidity and mortality. Clinicians have also noted variations in the responses to therapies. More detailed observations also point to clusters of diseases, phenotypic groupings, unusual severity and the rates at which CHF occurs. Medical genetics is playing an increasingly important role in answering some of these observations. This developing field in many respects provides more information than is currently clinically applicable. This includes making sense of the established single gene mutations or uncommon private mutations. In this thematic series which discusses the many factors that could be relevant for CHF care, once established treatments are available in the communities; this section addresses a contextual role for medical genetics.
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Raghow R. An 'Omics' Perspective on Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:813-827. [PMID: 27499035 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pathological enlargement of the heart, represented by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), occurs in response to many genetic and non-genetic factors. The clinical course of cardiac hypertrophy is remarkably variable, ranging from lifelong absence of symptoms to rapidly declining heart function and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Unbiased omics studies have begun to provide a glimpse into the molecular framework underpinning altered mechanotransduction, mitochondrial energetics, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix in the heart undergoing physiological and pathological hypertrophy. Omics analyses indicate that post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays an overriding role in the normal and diseased heart. Studies to date highlight a need for more effective bioinformatics to better integrate patient omics data with their comprehensive clinical histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Raghow
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center and the VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
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Sano M, Kamitsuji S, Kamatani N, Tabara Y, Kawaguchi T, Matsuda F, Yamagishi H, Fukuda K. Genome-Wide Association Study of Absolute QRS Voltage Identifies Common Variants of TBX3 as Genetic Determinants of Left Ventricular Mass in a Healthy Japanese Population. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155550. [PMID: 27195777 PMCID: PMC4873129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) represents a common final pathway leading to heart failure. We have searched for genetic determinants of left ventricular (LV) mass using values for absolute electrocardiographic QRS voltage in a healthy Japanese population. After adjusting for covariates, the corrected S and R wave voltages in leads V1 and V5 from 2,994 healthy volunteers in the Japan Pharmacogenomics Data Science Consortium (JPDSC) database were subjected to a genome-wide association study. Potential associations were validated by an in silico replication study using an independent Japanese population obtained from the Nagahama Prospective Genome Cohort for Comprehensive Human Bioscience. We identified a novel association between the lead V5, R wave voltage in Japanese individuals and SNP rs7301743[G], which maps near the gene encoding T-box transcription factor Tbx3. Meta-analysis of two independent Japanese datasets demonstrated a marginally significant association of SNP rs7301743 in TBX3|MED13L with a 0.071 mV (95% CI, 0.038–0.11 mV) shorter R wave amplitude in the V5 lead per minor allele copy (P = 7.635 x 10−8). The transcriptional repressor, TBX3, is proposed to suppress the development of working ventricular myocardium. Our findings suggest that genetic variation of Tbx3 is associated with LV mass in a healthy Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoaki Sano
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamagishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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A functional variant in the coding region of CAMTA2 is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy by affecting the activation of Nkx2.5-dependent transcription. J Hypertens 2016; 34:942-9. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Yu Y, Wang J, Kang R, Dong J, Zhang Y, Liu F, Yan Y, Zhu R, Xia L, Peng X, Zhang L, He D, Gaisano HY, Herbert G, Chen Z, He Y. Association of KCNB1 polymorphisms with lipid metabolisms and insulin resistance: a case-control design of population-based cross-sectional study in Chinese Han population. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:112. [PMID: 26377690 PMCID: PMC4574025 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In our previous study, we had assessed in the Chinese Han population the association of KCNB1 rs1051295 with metabolic traits indicating metabolic syndrome, and showed that KCNB1 rs1051295 genotype TT was associated with increase of waist to hip ratio (WHR), fasting insulin (FINS), triglycerides (TG) and decreased insulin sensitivity at basal condition. Here, we aimed at detecting whether there were associations between other tag SNPs of KCNB1 and favorable or unfavorable metabolic traits. Methods We conducted a case–control design of population-based cross-sectional study to investigate the association between each of the 22 candidates tag SNPs of KCNB1 and metabolic traits in a population of 733 Chinese Han individuals. The association was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis or unconditional logistic regression analysis. Results We found that among the 22 selected tag SNPs, four were associated with an increase (rs3331, rs16994565) or decrease (rs237460, rs802950) in serum cholesterol levels; two of these (rs237460, rs802590) further associated or were associated with reduced serum LDL-cholesterol. Two novel tag SNPs (rs926672, rs1051295) were associated with increased serum TG levels. We also showed that KCNB1 rs926672 associated with insulin resistance by a case–control study, and two tag SNPs (rs2057077and rs4810952) of KCNB1 were associated with the measure of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in a cross-section study. Conclusion These results indicate that KCNB1 is likely associated with metabolic traits that may either predispose or protect from progression to metabolic syndrome. This study provides initial evidence that the gene variants of KCNB1, encoding Kv2.1 channel, is associated with perturbation of lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncui Yu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Departments of Emergency, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45Changchun Street, Xuanwu District, Beijing, 100053, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Ruiying Kang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Jing Dong
- Departments of Emergency, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.45Changchun Street, Xuanwu District, Beijing, 100053, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Fen Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Yuxiang Yan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Rong Zhu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Lili Xia
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxia Peng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Dian He
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Herbert Y Gaisano
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of Toronto, 315 Bloor Street West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Zhenwen Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Yan He
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Zang J, Wang B, Li B, Yao X, Zhao H, Li W. CD36 genotype associated with ischemic stroke in Chinese Han. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:16149-16157. [PMID: 26629128 PMCID: PMC4659017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CD36 is involved in oxidant stress, hyperlipidemia, and thrombosis in the pathology of stroke. CD 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were reported to be associated with abnormalities of serum FA, triglyceride level and to increase risk of metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes. Based on these finding we hypothesized that CD36 is an important candidate gene of stroke; therefore, we set out a case-control study to explore the association of CD36 SNPs with ischemic stroke. METHODS We enrolled 374 patients with atherothrombotic stroke as cases and 1,013 people without stroke as controls. CD36 rs3211842, rs3211870, rs1761667, rs9784998, and rs10499859 loci were detected by PCR-ligase detection reaction. RESULTS Only rs1761667 (P=0.042) and rs10499859 (P=0.038) polymorphisms were associated with cases of ischemic stroke. Under a dominant genetic model, logistic regression analysis revealed a 1.34-fold increased risk (95% CI 1.05-1.72) of ischemic stroke with rs1761667 A than non-A carriers (P=0.020); the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was 1.38 (95% CI 1.06-1.78) after adjusting for the covariates age, gender, body mass index (BMI), cigarette smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. For rs10499859, the risk was increased 1.36-fold for G than non-G carriers (P=0.016), and the AOR was 1.39 (95% CI 1.08-1.81) (P=0.012). The 5 SNPs were in strong linkage disequilibrium. CD36 SNPs may have no association with plasma lipid levels and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) expression. CONCLUSION CD36 rs1761667 and rs10499859 may indicate genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke among Chinese Han.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityShandong, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zang
- Department of Neurology, Rizhao People’s HospitalShandong, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityShandong, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityShandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Yao
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityShandong, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityShandong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong UniversityShandong, P. R. China
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Swerdlow DI, Hingorani AD, Humphries SE. Genetic Risk Factors and Mendelian Randomization in Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2015; 17:33. [DOI: 10.1007/s11886-015-0584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) poses an independent risk of increased morbidity and mortality, including atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. The most common causes of LVH are hypertension and valvular heart disease. Electrocardiography and echocardiography are the first steps in the diagnosis and evaluation of therapy in patients with LVH. Cardiac MRI is the gold standard in diagnosis and assessment of response to therapy. Management of LVH should be based on etiology, evidence, and guideline adherence. Timely and optimal management of the underlying cause of LVH results in improvement (regression) of LVH and its related complications.
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Park JK, Kim MK, Choi BY, Jung Y, Song K, Kim YM, Shin J. Validation study of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in the Korean population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:13. [PMID: 25927456 PMCID: PMC4422470 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a valid predictor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity regardless of age, gender, and race. The HyperGEN study conducted a genome-wide association study and identified twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with LVH. The aim of this study was to validate these candidate SNPs in the Korean population. Methods Among 1637 individuals from the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study (MRCohort) of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES), we carried out a linear regression analysis with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and a logistic regression analysis for LVH status. Results The rs4129218 on chromosome 12 tended to be associated with LVM/body surface area (adjusted β = −0.023; p = 0.036) and LVM/height2.7 (adjusted β = −0.027; p = 0.016), and was marginally protective against LVH after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, serum creatinine, systolic blood pressure, heart rate and antihypertensive medication (adjusted odds ratio = 0.766 and 0.731; p = 0.027 and 0.007 according to indexation by BSA and height2.7, respectively). Conclusions In the Korean population, the minor allele of rs4129218 had borderline association with lower LVM. This study suggests that rs4129218 on chromosome 12 showed consistent tendency of possibly related loci for LVH independent of ethnic background. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-015-0158-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kyu Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Yusun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kyuyoung Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.
| | - Jinho Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Gautam S, Agrawal CG, Banerjee M. CD36 gene variants in early prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2015; 19:144-9. [PMID: 25565374 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2014.0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a noncommunicable disease affecting huge populations in India and abroad. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CD36, a macrophage scavenger receptor, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of T2DM and its complications. Eleven SNPs in the CD36 gene and their association with 100 each of control subjects and T2DM patients were investigated in the present study. The haplotype analysis of a few significant SNPs was carried out in individuals from families with diabetic history to evaluate its utility in disease prediction. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for genotyping. Ten families with a family history of diabetes were identified and blood samples were collected from as many family members as possible. Genotyping of three SNPs, namely rs1761667 (G>A) in exon 1 A, rs3211938 (T>G) in exon 10, and rs3212018 (16 bp del) in exon 14, was performed in all samples. Our results suggested that individuals having a GATTC1 haplotype might be at risk of developing T2DM (p<0.001) and, therefore, might be susceptible to related complications. Moreover, the presence of A, G, and G alleles of SNPs rs1761667 (G>A), rs3211938 (T>G), and rs1984112 (T>G) tends to have increased BMI, respectively. Such studies may be helpful for disease prediction in individuals at risk of T2DM. The predictive potential of CD36 variants can be explored with more families in the study population to use this as a genetic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunaina Gautam
- 1 Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow , Lucknow, India
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Peprah E, Xu H, Tekola-Ayele F, Royal CD. Genome-wide association studies in Africans and African Americans: expanding the framework of the genomics of human traits and disease. Public Health Genomics 2014; 18:40-51. [PMID: 25427668 DOI: 10.1159/000367962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic research is one of the tools for elucidating the pathogenesis of diseases of global health relevance and paving the research dimension to clinical and public health translation. Recent advances in genomic research and technologies have increased our understanding of human diseases, genes associated with these disorders, and the relevant mechanisms. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proliferated since the first studies were published several years ago and have become an important tool in helping researchers comprehend human variation and the role genetic variants play in disease. However, the need to expand the diversity of populations in GWAS has become increasingly apparent as new knowledge is gained about genetic variation. Inclusion of diverse populations in genomic studies is critical to a more complete understanding of human variation and elucidation of the underpinnings of complex diseases. In this review, we summarize the available data on GWAS in recent African ancestry populations within the western hemisphere (i.e. African Americans and peoples of the Caribbean) and continental African populations. Furthermore, we highlight ways in which genomic studies in populations of recent African ancestry have led to advances in the areas of malaria, HIV, prostate cancer, and other diseases. Finally, we discuss the advantages of conducting GWAS in recent African ancestry populations in the context of addressing existing and emerging global health conditions.
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Rac M, Kurzawski G, Safranow K, Rac M, Sagasz-Tysiewicz D, Krzystolik A, Poncyljusz W, Olszewska M, Dawid G, Chlubek D. Association of CD36 gene polymorphisms with echo- and electrocardiographic parameters in patients with early onset coronary artery disease. Arch Med Sci 2013; 9:640-50. [PMID: 24049523 PMCID: PMC3776168 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2012.32619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CD36 plays an important role in long-chain fatty acid homeostasis in skeletal muscle and the myocardium. CD36 deficiency may lead to reduced myocardial uptake of long-chain fatty acid. Therefore, different mutations of the CD36 gene may contribute to the clinical heterogeneity of cardiac hypertrophy. MATERIAL AND METHODS The objective of the study was to investigate whether there is an association between the sequence changes in CD36 and echocardiographic and electrocardiographic parameters in Caucasian patients with early onset coronary artery disease. The study group comprised 100 patients. Electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed in all patients. Amplicons of exons 4 to 6 including fragments of introns were studied using the denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography technique. RESULTS IVS3-6TC (rs3173798) heterozygotes had impaired left ventricle diastolic function. 573GA heterozygotes (rs5956) had higher frequency of pseudonormal left ventricular diastolic function and it was confirmed by the increase in wave A' in the tissue Doppler. 591AT genotype was associated with borderline higher posterior wall end-diastolic thickness and lower E/A ratio. These results are consistent with electrocardiography parameters which could reflect left ventricular hypertrophy (higher RV5(6) and RV5(6) + SV1(2) parameters, depressed ST segments and tendency to longer Qtc II interval) in 591AT heterozygotes. CONCLUSIONS Detected variant alleles of CD36 may be associated with features of left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired diastolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rac
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kurzawski
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Michal Rac
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | | | - Wojciech Poncyljusz
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maria Olszewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Grażyna Dawid
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Rać M, Safranow K, Kurzawski G, Krzystolik A, Chlubek D. Is CD36 gene polymorphism in region encoding lipid-binding domain associated with early onset CAD? Gene 2013; 530:134-7. [PMID: 23856131 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CD36 is a fatty acid translocase in striated muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. Some study suggested that alterations in CD36 gene may be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. The aim of the current study was to compare the frequency of CD36 variants in region encoding lipid-binding domain in Caucasian patients with early-onset CAD, no-CAD adult controls and neonates. The study group comprised 100 patients with early onset CAD. The genetic control groups were 306 infants and 40 no-CAD adults aged over 70years. Exons 4, 5 and 6 including fragments of flanking introns were studied using the denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography technique and direct sequencing. Changes detected in analyzed fragment of CD36: IVS3-6 T/C (rs3173798), IVS4-10 G/A (rs3211892), C311T (Thr104Ile, not described so far) in exon 5, G550A (Asp184Asn, rs138897347), C572T (Pro191Leu, rs143150225), G573A (Pro191Pro, rs5956) and A591T (Thr197Thr, rs141680676) in exon 6. No significant differences in the CD36 genotype, allele and haplotype frequencies were found between the three groups. Only borderline differences (p=0.066) were found between early onset CAD patients and newborns in the frequencies of 591T allele (2.00% vs 0.50%) and CGCGCGT haplotype (2.00% vs 0.50%) with both IVS3-6C and 591T variant alleles. In conclusion, CD36 variants: rs3173798, rs3211892, rs138897347, rs5956, rs143150225 rs141680676 and C311T do not seem to be involved in the risk of early-onset CAD in Caucasian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rać
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
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Association study of CD36 single nucleotide polymorphisms with essential hypertension in the Northeastern Han Chinese. Gene 2013; 527:410-5. [PMID: 23792019 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We found that cluster determinant 36 (CD36) gene is up-regulated in essential hypertension (EH) patients in our former research, but the association between CD36 gene variations and EH has not yet been clearly demonstrated. The relationship between CD36 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and EH in the northeastern Han Chinese was examined in the present study through direct sequencing and genotype-detection. A total of 589 unrelated northeastern Han Chinese including 276 with EH and 313 controls were studied. SNPs in exon 7, exon 13 and intron 4 were detected using PCR-sequencing. The genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) or polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). +216T/C, +273A/G, +132C/T, +217T/C, +212T/G and +233T/C polymorphisms were identified. Distributions of genotypes AA, GA and GG of +273A/G polymorphism were significantly different between EH group and the control group (χ2: 9.056, p=0.011) and G allelic frequency was higher in EH (p=0.006, OR=1.629, 95% CI [1.224-2.168]). Logistic regression analysis showed that +273A/G polymorphism was closely associated with blood pressure (BP) after adjusting for ages. When subclassified by sex, the genotype distribution of +273A/G (p=0.011) and allelic frequency of G allele (p=0.006) were significantly different between EH participants and controls in males, but not in females. Subgroup analysis performed by body mass index (BMI) suggested that the genotype distribution of +273A/G and allelic frequency were significantly different in non-obese group and non-obese men, but the associations were not significant (non-obese group: p=0.016, OR=1.664, 95% CI [1.459-2.409]; non-obese men: p=0.073, OR=1.898, 95% CI [1.033-3.487]). +273A/G polymorphism in CD36 gene was associated with EH, and +273G could be an independent predictor.
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Larsson E, Wahlstrand B, Hedblad B, Hedner T, Kjeldsen SE, Melander O, Lindahl P. Hypertension and genetic variation in endothelial-specific genes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62035. [PMID: 23637959 PMCID: PMC3639261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association (GWA) studies usually detect common genetic variants with low-to-medium effect sizes. Many contributing variants are not revealed, since they fail to reach significance after strong correction for multiple comparisons. The WTCCC study for hypertension, for example, failed to identify genome-wide significant associations. We hypothesized that genetic variation in genes expressed specifically in the endothelium may be important for hypertension development. Results from the WTCCC study were combined with previously published gene expression data from mice to specifically investigate SNPs located within endothelial-specific genes, bypassing the requirement for genome-wide significance. Six SNPs from the WTCCC study were selected for independent replication in 5205 hypertensive patients and 5320 population-based controls, and successively in a cohort of 16537 individuals. A common variant (rs10860812) in the DRAM (damage-regulated autophagy modulator) locus showed association with hypertension (P = 0.008) in the replication study. The minor allele (A) had a protective effect (OR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.88–0.98 per A-allele), which replicates the association in the WTCCC GWA study. However, a second follow-up, in the larger cohort, failed to reveal an association with blood pressure. We further tested the endothelial-specific genes for co-localization with a panel of newly discovered SNPs from large meta-GWAS on hypertension or blood pressure. There was no significant overlap between those genes and hypertension or blood pressure loci. The result does not support the hypothesis that genetic variation in genes expressed in endothelium plays an important role for hypertension development. Moreover, the discordant association of rs10860812 with blood pressure in the case control study versus the larger Malmö Preventive Project–study highlights the importance of rigorous replication in multiple large independent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Larsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail: (EL); (PL)
| | - Björn Wahlstrand
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Hedblad
- Clinical research Center (CRC), Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hedner
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sverre E. Kjeldsen
- Department of Cardiology/Cardiovascular and Renal Research Center, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olle Melander
- Clinical research Center (CRC), Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Per Lindahl
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail: (EL); (PL)
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Stevens SM, Reinier K, Chugh SS. Increased left ventricular mass as a predictor of sudden cardiac death: is it time to put it to the test? Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2013; 6:212-7. [PMID: 23424223 DOI: 10.1161/circep.112.974931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Stevens
- Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Boonpeng H, Yusoff K. The utility of copy number variation (CNV) in studies of hypertension-related left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH): rationale, potential and challenges. Mol Cytogenet 2013; 6:8. [PMID: 23448375 PMCID: PMC3599593 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-6-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal of human genetics is to understand the role of genome variation in elucidating human traits and diseases. Besides single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), copy number variation (CNV), defined as gains or losses of a DNA segment larger than 1 kb, has recently emerged as an important tool in understanding heritable source of human genomic differences. It has been shown to contribute to genetic susceptibility of various common and complex diseases. Despite a handful of publications, its role in cardiovascular diseases remains largely unknown. Here, we deliberate on the currently available technologies for CNV detection. The possible utility and the potential roles of CNV in exploring the mechanisms of cardiac remodeling in hypertension will also be addressed. Finally, we discuss the challenges for investigations of CNV in cardiovascular diseases and its possible implications in diagnosis of hypertension-related left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoh Boonpeng
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai, Buloh, 47000, Malaysia.
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Genetic variants implicated in telomere length associated with left ventricular function in patients with hypertension and cardiac organ damage. J Mol Med (Berl) 2013; 90:1059-67. [PMID: 22314626 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-012-0874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Telomere length has emerged as a biological correlate for ageing, which in turn is a risk factor for the manifestation of cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the relation between leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and its genetic background to cardiac structure and function in patients with arterial hypertension. We analysed a cohort of 1,106 treated hypertensive patients (83.3% males; mean age, 57.9 ± 9.8 years) with an ejection fraction (EF) over 40% and documented cardiovascular disease or target organ damage. LTL and genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), previously implicated in LTL, were determined by real-time PCR. The mean left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and EF were 51.8 ± 21.0 g/H2.7 and 61.1 ± 9.6%, respectively. In multivariate adjusted analysis, a 1.5-fold LTL was positively related with a 2.2% increase of LVMI (CI = 0.1% to 4.2%, p = 0.044) and an absolute increase in EF of 0.6% (CI = 0.1% to 1.1%, p = 0.028). One SNP near TERC (rs16847897) showed a significant absolute difference in EF dependent on allele status (rs16847897, G allele 2.7%; CI = 0.7% to 4.6%; p raw = 0.008, p mt = 0.048, after adjustment for multiple testing). This applied also for two SNPs in BICD1 (rs2630578, C allele −1.8%; CI = −2.8% to −0.7%; p raw = 0.002, p mt = 0.018; rs1151026, G allele −1.9%, CI = −3.0% to −0.8%; p raw < 0.001, p mt = 0.002) with the extension that a frequent haplotype in BICD1 showed an absolute −1.8% (CI = −3.0% to −0.7%; p raw = 0.002, p mt = 0.008) lower EF compared with those lacking this haplotype. Our results point to a role of genetic variants recently implicated in LTL for left ventricular function in hypertensive patients.
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Zhi D, Irvin MR, Gu CC, Stoddard AJ, Lorier R, Matter A, Rao DC, Srinivasasainagendra V, Tiwari HK, Turner A, Broeckel U, Arnett DK. Whole-exome sequencing and an iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte model provides a powerful platform for gene discovery in left ventricular hypertrophy. Front Genet 2012; 3:92. [PMID: 22654895 PMCID: PMC3361011 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2012.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a heritable predictor of cardiovascular disease, particularly in blacks. Objective: Determine the feasibility of combining evidence from two distinct but complementary experimental approaches to identify novel genetic predictors of increased LV mass. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted in seven African-American sibling trios ascertained on high average familial LV mass indexed to height (LVMHT) using Illumina HiSeq technology. Identified missense or nonsense (MS/NS) mutations were examined for association with LVMHT using linear mixed models adjusted for age, sex, body weight, and familial relationship. To functionally assess WES findings, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (induced pluripotent stem cell-CM) were stimulated to induce hypertrophy; mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to determine gene expression differences associated with hypertrophy onset. Statistically significant findings under both experimental approaches identified LVH candidate genes. Candidate genes were further prioritized by seven supportive criteria that included additional association tests (two criteria), regional linkage evidence in the larger HyperGEN cohort (one criterion), and publically available gene and variant based annotations (four criteria). Results: WES reads covered 91% of the target capture region (of size 37.2 MB) with an average coverage of 65×. WES identified 31,426 MS/NS mutations among the 21 individuals. A total of 295 MS/NS variants in 265 genes were associated with LVMHT with q-value <0.25. Of the 265 WES genes, 44 were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) in hypertrophied cells. Among the 44 candidate genes identified, 5, including HLA-B, HTT, MTSS1, SLC5A12, and THBS1, met 3 of 7 supporting criteria. THBS1 encodes an adhesive glycoprotein that promotes matrix preservation in pressure-overload LVH. THBS1 gene expression was 34% higher in hypertrophied cells (P = 0.0003) and a predicted conserved and damaging NS variant in exon 13 (A2099G) was significantly associated with LVHMT (P = 4 × 10−6). Conclusion: Combining evidence from cutting-edge genetic and cellular experiments can enable identification of novel LVH risk loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The review summarizes our current understanding of the function of the fatty acid translocase, CD36, in lipid metabolism with an emphasis on the influence of CD36 genetic variants and their potential contribution to obesity-related complications. RECENT FINDINGS Studies in rodents implicate CD36 in a number of metabolic pathways with relevance to obesity and its associated complications. These include pathways related to fat utilization such as taste perception, intake, intestinal processing, and storage in adipose tissue. Dysfunction in these pathways, coupled with the ability of CD36 to transduce intracellular signals that initiate inflammation in response to excess fat supply, promotes metabolic pathology. In the last few years, the relevance of discoveries in rodents to humans has been highlighted by genetic studies, which identified common CD36 variants that influence circulating lipid levels and cardiometabolic phenotypes. SUMMARY Recent genetic studies suggest that CD36 plays an important role in lipid metabolism in humans and may be involved in obesity-related complications. These findings may accelerate the translation of CD36 metabolic functions determined in rodents to humans. Importantly, these studies highlight the potential utility of assessing CD36 expression and common single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes.
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Wineinger NE, Pajewski NM, Kennedy RE, Wojczynski MK, Vaughan LK, Hunt SC, Gu CC, Rao DC, Lorier R, Broeckel U, Arnett DK, Tiwari HK. Characterization of autosomal copy-number variation in African Americans: the HyperGEN Study. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 19:1271-5. [PMID: 21673747 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
African Americans are a genetically diverse population with a high burden of many, common heritable diseases. However, our understanding of genetic variation in African Americans is substandard because of a lack of published population-based genetic studies. We report the distribution of copy-number variation (CNV) in African Americans collected as part of the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN) using the Affymetrix 6.0 array and the CNV calling algorithms Birdsuite and PennCNV. We present population estimates of CNV from 446 unrelated African-American subjects randomly selected from the 451 families collected within HyperGEN. Although the majority of CNVs discovered were individually rare, we found the frequency of CNVs to be collectively high. We identified a total of 11 070 CNVs greater than 10 kb passing quality control criteria that were called by both algorithms - leading to an average of 24.8 CNVs per person covering 2214 kb (median). We identified 1541 unique copy-number variable regions, 309 of which did not overlap with the Database of Genomic Variants. These results provide further insight into the distribution of CNV in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan E Wineinger
- Department of Biostatistics, Section on Statistical Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Increased left ventricular mass and decreased left ventricular systolic function have independent pathways to ventricular arrhythmogenesis in coronary artery disease. Heart Rhythm 2011; 8:1177-82. [PMID: 21376836 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following myocardial infarction, individual patients can have wide variations in the extent of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and increased left ventricular (LV) mass. Both affect the risk for sudden cardiac death, but only LV ejection fraction is used for risk prediction. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the independent as well as the additive contributions of increased LV mass and decreased LV ejection fraction to sudden cardiac death in the general population. METHODS In the ongoing Oregon Sudden Unexpected Death Study, we studied consecutive SCD cases (n = 191) and coronary artery disease controls (n = 203) from the Portland, Oregon, metropolitan area (population approximately 1,000,000; 2002-2008). Comparisons of echocardiographic LV mass obtained prior and unrelated to sudden cardiac death (SCD) were conducted, and a logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between SCD, severe LVSD, LV mass, and other relevant clinical variables. RESULTS In a multivariate model, both severe LVSD and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were associated with increased SCD risk (odds ratio [OR] 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-3.2 for severe LVSD; OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.9 for LVH). In patients with coexisting severe LVSD and LVH, risk of SCD was additive (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.7-7.2). In the same model, increased age, atrial fibrillation/flutter, elevated creatinine, and diabetes independently increased risk, and use of angiotensin receptor blockers attenuated risk. CONCLUSION Reduced LV ejection fraction and increased LV mass had independent and additive effects on risk of sudden death. Despite the significant overlap between the two conditions, these findings point toward the existence of independent mechanistic pathways for ventricular arrhythmias that occur due to LVSD and LVH.
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Love-Gregory L, Sherva R, Schappe T, Qi JS, McCrea J, Klein S, Connelly MA, Abumrad NA. Common CD36 SNPs reduce protein expression and may contribute to a protective atherogenic profile. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 20:193-201. [PMID: 20935172 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane CD36 functions in the uptake of fatty acids (FAs), oxidized lipoproteins and in signal transduction after binding these ligands. In rodents, CD36 is implicated in abnormal lipid metabolism, inflammation and atherosclerosis. In humans, CD36 variants have been identified to influence free FA and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and to associate with the risk of the metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease and stroke. In this study, 15 common lipid-associated CD36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated for the impact on monocyte CD36 expression (protein and transcript) in 104 African Americans. In a subset of subjects, the SNPs were tested for association with monocyte surface CD36 (n=65) and platelet total CD36 (n=57). The relationship between CD36 expression and serum HDL and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) levels was also examined. After a permutation-based correction for multiple tests, four SNPs (rs1761667, rs3211909, rs3211913, rs3211938) influenced monocyte CD36 protein and two (rs3211909, rs3211938) platelet CD36. The effect of the HDL-associated SNPs on CD36 expression inversely related to the impact on serum HDL and potential causality was supported by Mendelian randomization analysis. Consistent with this, monocyte CD36 protein negatively correlated with total HDL and HDL subfractions. In contrast, positive correlations were documented between monocyte CD36 and VLDL lipid, particle number and apolipoprotein B. In conclusion, CD36 variants that reduce protein expression appear to promote a protective metabolic profile. The SNPs in this study may have predictive potential on CD36 expression and disease susceptibility in African Americans. Further studies are warranted to validate and determine whether these findings are population specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latisha Love-Gregory
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Folkersen L, van't Hooft F, Chernogubova E, Agardh HE, Hansson GK, Hedin U, Liska J, Syvänen AC, Paulsson-Berne G, Paulssson-Berne G, Franco-Cereceda A, Hamsten A, Gabrielsen A, Eriksson P. Association of genetic risk variants with expression of proximal genes identifies novel susceptibility genes for cardiovascular disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 3:365-73. [PMID: 20562444 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.110.948935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based genome-wide association studies have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with cardiovascular disease or its risk factors. Genes in close proximity to these risk-SNPs are often thought to be pathogenetically important based on their location alone. However, the actual connections between SNPs and disease mechanisms remain largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS To identify novel susceptibility genes, we investigated how 166 SNPs previously found to be associated with increased cardiovascular risk and/or predisposing metabolic traits relate to the expression of nearby genes. Gene expression in 577 samples of aorta, liver, mammary artery, and carotid atherosclerotic plaque was measured using expression arrays. For 47 SNPs, the expression levels of proximal genes (located within 200 kb) were affected (P<0.005). More than 20 of these genes had not previously been identified as candidate genes for cardiovascular or related metabolic traits. SNP-associated gene effects were tissue-specific and the tissue specificity was phenotype-dependent. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates several instances of association between risk-SNPs and genes immediately adjacent to them. It also demonstrates instances in which the associated gene is not the immediately proximal and obvious candidate gene for disease. This shows the necessity of careful studies of genetic marker data as a first step toward application of genome-wide association studies findings in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Folkersen
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Experimental Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Morrison AC, Felix JF, Cupples LA, Glazer NL, Loehr LR, Dehghan A, Demissie S, Bis JC, Rosamond WD, Aulchenko YS, Wang YA, Haritunians T, Folsom AR, Rivadeneira F, Benjamin EJ, Lumley T, Couper D, Stricker BH, O'Donnell CJ, Rice KM, Chang PP, Hofman A, Levy D, Rotter JI, Fox ER, Uitterlinden AG, Wang TJ, Psaty BM, Willerson JT, van Duijn CM, Boerwinkle E, Witteman JCM, Vasan RS, Smith NL. Genomic variation associated with mortality among adults of European and African ancestry with heart failure: the cohorts for heart and aging research in genomic epidemiology consortium. CIRCULATION. CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS 2010; 3:248-55. [PMID: 20400778 PMCID: PMC3033765 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.109.895995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis and survival are significant concerns for individuals with heart failure (HF). To better understand the pathophysiology of HF prognosis, the association between 2,366,858 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and all-cause mortality was evaluated among individuals with incident HF from 4 community-based prospective cohorts: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, the Cardiovascular Health Study, the Framingham Heart Study, and the Rotterdam Study. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants were 2526 individuals of European ancestry and 466 individuals of African ancestry who experienced an incident HF event during follow-up in the respective cohorts. Within each study, the association between genetic variants and time to mortality among individuals with HF was assessed by Cox proportional hazards models that included adjustment for sex and age at the time of the HF event. Prospective fixed-effect meta-analyses were conducted for the 4 study populations of European ancestry (N=1645 deaths) and for the 2 populations of African ancestry (N=281 deaths). Genome-wide significance was set at P=5.0x10(-7). Meta-analytic findings among individuals of European ancestry revealed 1 genome-wide significant locus on chromosome 3p22 in an intron of CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 7 (CMTM7, P=3.2x10(-7)). Eight additional loci in individuals of European ancestry and 4 loci in individuals of African ancestry were identified by high-signal SNPs (P<1.0x10(-5)) but did not meet genome-wide significance. CONCLUSIONS This study identified a novel locus associated with all-cause mortality among individuals of European ancestry with HF. This finding warrants additional investigation, including replication, in other studies of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna C Morrison
- Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study: University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Human Genetics Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Kitsios GD, Stefanidis I, Zintzaras E. Lack of association between common endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene haplotypes and left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension. DNA Cell Biol 2010; 29:273-6. [PMID: 20482221 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2010.1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension-related left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Candidate-gene studies have examined the role of NOS3 variation, but reported results are inconsistent. In this study, we investigated the association of three clinically relevant polymorphisms (promoter T786C, intronic 4a/b, and nonsynonymous G894T) in a case-control sample of 230 ethnically homogeneous (Caucasians) patients with essential hypertension, with (n = 64) and without (n = 166) clinically diagnosed LVH. Haplotype analysis was also performed. In single-marker analyses, no significant associations with LVH were detected by univariate and multivariate regression models. In the haplotype-based association analysis, no common haplotype was associated with the development of LVH. A rare haplotype consisting of the three mutant alleles (C-a-T*) was found to be present only in patients with LVH (3.4%) and not in control hypertensive patients. Despite the biological rationale for the involvement of the NOS3 gene in LVH, no evidence for a major role of common NOS3 haplotypic variation was found. Considering the totality of available evidence, single-gene analyses of the NOS3 gene have not uncovered detectable genetic effects, and pathway-based analyses that examine interactions of multiple loci may be more informative about the complex genetic etiology of LVH.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease are complex and determined by both genetic and environmental factors and their inter-relationships. Many associations from genome-wide association studies and candidate gene approaches have described a multitude of polymorphisms associating with lipid and obesity phenotypes but identified genetic variants account for only a small fraction of phenotypic variation. RECENT FINDINGS That many genotype-phenotype associations involve variants under positive selection and that those variants respond to environmental cues together suggest prominent roles for both genetic adaptation and their interactions with the environment. Adaptive genetic variations interacting with environment modulate disease susceptibility but the level to which those variants contribute to dyslipidemia and obesity and how environmental factors, especially diet, alter the genetic association is not yet completely known. SUMMARY It is evident that genetic variants under positive selection make important contributions to obesity and heart disease risk. Advances in resequencing the entire human genome will enable accurate identification of adaptive variants. Considering interactions between environmental factors and genotypes will empower both genome-wide association studies and characterization of the relationship between positive selection and the obese and dyslipidemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence D Parnell
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Aberg K, Dai F, Viali S, Tuitele J, Sun G, Indugula SR, Deka R, Weeks DE, McGarvey ST. Suggestive linkage detected for blood pressure related traits on 2q and 22q in the population on the Samoan islands. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:107. [PMID: 19852796 PMCID: PMC2770055 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background High blood pressure or hypertension is a major risk factor involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases. We conducted genome-wide variance component linkage analyses to search for loci influencing five blood pressure related traits including the quantitative traits systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse pressure (PP), the dichotomous trait hypertension (HT) and the bivariate quantitative trait SBP-DBP in families residing in American Samoa and Samoa, as well as in the combined sample from the two polities. We adjusted the traits for a number of environmental covariates such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and material life style. Results We found suggestive univariate linkage for SBP on chromosome 2q35-q37 (LOD 2.4) and for PP on chromosome 22q13 (LOD 2.2), two chromosomal regions that recently have been associated with SBP and PP, respectively. Conclusion We have detected additional evidence for a recently reported locus associated with SBP on chromosome 2q and a susceptibility locus for PP on chromosome 22q. However, differences observed between the results from our three partly overlapping genetically homogenous study samples from the Samoan islands suggest that additional studies should be performed in order to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Aberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 Desoto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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