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Balbi E, Moreira JPDL, Luiz RR, Perez RDM, de Souza HSP. Time trends and geographic distribution of hepatocellular carcinoma in Brazil: An ecological study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30614. [PMID: 36197232 PMCID: PMC9509041 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing globally, and HCC is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. This ecological study aimed to investigate the time trends and geographic distribution of HCC in Brazil. Data from the Brazilian Health Public System were retrospectively collected from January 2005 to December 2018. Hospitalization and intrahospital lethality rates for HCC were stratified by age and sex. Hospitalization rates and associated lethality per 100,000 inhabitants in each municipality were included in a worksheet to build maps displaying the estimates and the geographic distribution of HCC. From 2005 to 2018, a total of 75,466 admissions for HCC were registered and the mean hospitalizations increased from 2.1 to 5.8/100,000 inhabitants (176%). The greatest increase occurred among patients older than 50, particularly in males above 70 years old. Prevalence rates increased throughout the country, with the highest levels detected in the South and Southeast. However, the increase was proportionally higher in the Northeast (377%), especially in municipalities not integrated into metropolitan regions. The HCC lethality rate remained relatively stable in both sexes, ranging from 21% to 25% (19%), but it was higher among older patients. The length of hospital stay did not differ between survivors and nonsurvivors throughout the study period. HCC hospitalizations are rising, particularly above 50 years of age and in rural areas, not paralleled by lethality rates. This suggests ongoing changes in environmental and socioeconomic factors in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Balbi
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
- Quinta D’Or Hospital, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro 20941-150, Brazil
| | | | - Ronir Raggio Luiz
- Institute of Collective Health Studies (IESC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21944-970, Brazil
| | - Renata de Mello Perez
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil
- * Correspondence: Heitor SP de Souza, Department of Clinical Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil (e-mail: )
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Kameyama A, Ye J, Shimomura A, Yokohira M, Nakano-Narusawa Y, Yamakawa K, Mukai Y, Sanomura T, Okuyama H, Miyatake N, Furihata M, Tanaka C, Kitazawa R, Bando Y, Suemitsu Y, Kojima M, Mino-Kenudson M, Suzuki Y, Okano K, Matsuda Y. Reproducibility and prognostic significance of area of residual tumor (ART) in post-neoadjuvant resections of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology 2021; 21:1506-1515. [PMID: 34563448 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathologic assessments of tumor response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) are critical to improving the prognostic stratification for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here we clarified the utility of our new grading system based on the area of residual tumor (ART) as compared to existing systems, such as the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and MD Anderson (MDA) score. METHODS Eight reviewers individually evaluated the tumor regression grade of 30 patients with PDAC based on three types of grading systems. The interobserver concordance and clinicopathological characteristics were compared between the three systems. RESULTS The interobserver concordance (kappa value) of the ART, CAP, and MDA score were 0.61, 0.48, and 0.53, respectively. Discrepant cases, which were 27% of the cases, exhibited smaller tumor and tumor bed sizes than concordant cases. The reduction in tumor size evaluated by microscopy showed a correlation with the rate of change in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, CA19-9 level, and tumor size on computed tomography (CT). The ART score was correlated with the tumor size on CT before and after NACRT and disease-free survival. The CAP and MDA scores were not associated with prognosis. CONCLUSION The ART grading system may be the most practical system to assess the tumor response in post-NACRT resections of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Kameyama
- Oncology Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Juanjuan Ye
- Oncology Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shimomura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Masanao Yokohira
- Oncology Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | | | - Keiko Yamakawa
- Oncology Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Yuri Mukai
- Oncology Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sanomura
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okuyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Miyatake
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | | | | | - Riko Kitazawa
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Ehime University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Bando
- Division of Pathology, Tokushima University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yamato Suemitsu
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kojima
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Keiichi Okano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan
| | - Yoko Matsuda
- Oncology Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan.
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3
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Matsuda Y, Ohkubo S, Nakano-Narusawa Y, Fukumura Y, Hirabayashi K, Yamaguchi H, Sahara Y, Kawanishi A, Takahashi S, Arai T, Kojima M, Mino-Kenudson M. Objective assessment of tumor regression in post-neoadjuvant therapy resections for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: comparison of multiple tumor regression grading systems. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18278. [PMID: 33106543 PMCID: PMC7588464 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant therapy is increasingly used to control local tumor spread and micrometastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Pathology assessments of treatment effects might predict patient outcomes after surgery. However, there are conflicting reports regarding the reproducibility and prognostic performance of commonly used tumor regression grading systems, namely College of American Pathologists (CAP) and Evans' grading system. Further, the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center group (MDA) and the Japan Pancreas Society (JPS) have introduced other grading systems, while we recently proposed a new, simple grading system based on the area of residual tumor (ART). Herein, we aimed to assess and compare the reproducibility and prognostic performance of the modified ART grading system with those of the four grading systems using a multicenter cohort. The study cohort consisted of 97 patients with PDAC who had undergone post-neoadjuvant pancreatectomy at four hospitals. All patients were treated with gemcitabine and S-1 (GS)-based chemotherapies with/without radiation. Two pathologists individually evaluated tumor regression in accordance with the CAP, Evans', JPS, MDA and ART grading systems, and interobserver concordance was compared between the five systems. The ART grading system was a 5-tiered system based on a number of 40× microscopic fields equivalent to the surface area of the largest ART. Furthermore, the final grades, which were either the concordant grades of the two observers or the majority grades, including those given by the third observer, were correlated with patient outcomes in each system. The interobserver concordance (kappa value) for Evans', CAP, MDA, JPS and ART grading systems were 0.34, 0.50, 0.65, 0.33, and 0.60, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that higher ART grades were significantly associated with shorter overall survival (p = 0.001) and recurrence-free survival (p = 0.005), while the other grading systems did not show significant association with patient outcomes. The present study revealed that the ART grading system that was designed to be simple and more objective has achieved high concordance and showed a prognostic value; thus it may be most practical for assessing tumor regression in post-neoadjuvant resections for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Oncology Pathology, Department of Pathology and Host-Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohkubo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakano-Narusawa
- Oncology Pathology, Department of Pathology and Host-Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukumura
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Hirabayashi
- Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yatsuka Sahara
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Kawanishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kojima
- Division of Pathology, Research Center for Innovative Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Warren 122, Boston, MA, USA.
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Schmidt K, Carroll JS, Yee E, Thomas DD, Wert-Lamas L, Neier SC, Sheynkman G, Ritz J, Novina CD. The lncRNA SLNCR Recruits the Androgen Receptor to EGR1-Bound Genes in Melanoma and Inhibits Expression of Tumor Suppressor p21. Cell Rep 2020; 27:2493-2507.e4. [PMID: 31116991 PMCID: PMC6668037 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, affecting men more frequently and severely than women. Although recent studies suggest that differences in activity of the androgen receptor (AR) underlie the observed sex bias, little is known about AR activity in melanoma. Here we show that AR and EGR1 bind to the long non-coding RNA SLNCR and increase melanoma proliferation through coordinated transcriptional regulation of several growth-regulatory genes. ChIP-seq reveals that ligand-free AR is enriched on SLNCR-regulated melanoma genes and that AR genomic occupancy significantly overlaps with EGR1 at consensus EGR1 binding sites. We present a model in which SLNCR recruits AR to EGR1-bound genomic loci and switches EGR1-mediated transcriptional activation to repression of the tumor suppressor p21Waf1/Cip1. Our data implicate the regulatory triad of SLNCR, AR, and EGR1 in promoting oncogenesis and may help explain why men have a higher incidence of and more rapidly progressive melanomas compared with women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyn Schmidt
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Johanna S Carroll
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Elaine Yee
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Dolly D Thomas
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Leon Wert-Lamas
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Steven C Neier
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Gloria Sheynkman
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB) and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Justin Ritz
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carl D Novina
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA.
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5
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Xu JH, Zhao WY, Fang QQ, Wang XF, Zhang DD, Hu YY, Zheng B, Tan WQ. Long Noncoding RNA LUADT1 Is Upregulated in Melanoma and May Sponge miR-28-5p to Upregulate RAP1B. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:307-312. [PMID: 32191497 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LUADT1 is a known oncogenic lncRNA in lung cancer. This study aimed to explore the roles of LUADT1 in melanoma. Materials and Methods: Sixty pairs of melanoma and nontumor tissues were obtained from 60 melanoma patients (37 men and 23 women, 38-68 years, 52.1 ± 4.9 years) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Gene expression was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell transfections were performed to analyze gene expression. Results: We found that LUADT1 was upregulated in melanoma and high levels of LUADT1 predicted poor survival. RNA interaction prediction showed that LUADT1 can form base pairing with miR-28-5p. In melanoma cells, LUADT1 overexpression mediated the upregulated Ras-related protein Rap-1b (RAP1B). Cell proliferation assay showed that LUADT1 and RAP1B overexpression mediated the increased proliferation rate of melanoma cells. In addition, miR-28-5p overexpression played opposite roles attenuating the effects of LUADT1 overexpression on both RAP1B expression and cancer cell proliferation. Conclusions: LUADT1 in melanoma and may sponge miR-28-5p to upregulate RAP1B, thereby promoting cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hua Xu
- Department of Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Yi Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Qing Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China
| | - Ding-Ding Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Yan Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Department of Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, P.R. China
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6
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Yin P, Lin Y, Zhou M. Burden of melanoma in China, 1990-2017: Findings from the 2017 global burden of disease study. Int J Cancer 2019; 147:692-701. [PMID: 31671209 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer, and a worldwide problem with increasing incidence. Little is known about the burden of melanoma in the Chinese population. We evaluated temporal trends and geographic variation in melanoma-associated burden, to narrow an important knowledge gap concerning the consequences of this disorder across time, provinces in China. After the general analytic strategy used in the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study, we analyzed the incidence, mortality, prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of melanoma, by age, sex and geography from 1990 to 2017. Levels in melanoma burden were assessed for 33 province-level administrative units between 1990 and 2017. We used joinpoint regression analysis to estimate the slope of incidence and mortality trends. The age-standardized incidence rate of melanoma was 0.9 per 100,000 in 2017, with a 110.3% rise compared to 1990. Although the age-standardized DALYs rate (per 100,000) decreased from 9.1 in 1990 to 7.6 in 2017, it showed an upward trend from 2007 to 2017. The DALYs rate increased steadily with age for females while increased and peaked at 55-59 years for males. The incidence of melanoma was higher in the clustered eastern provinces than western provinces, while the DALYs showed a pattern in opposite direction. In China, there has been a substantial increase in the burden of melanoma over the last decade, representing an ongoing challenge in Chinese population. More targeted strategies should be developed for elderly population, especially for females, to reduce the melanoma burden throughout China, particularly the western provinces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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7
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Identification of gene expression levels in primary melanoma associated with clinically meaningful characteristics. Melanoma Res 2019; 28:380-389. [PMID: 29975213 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Factors influencing melanoma survival include sex, age, clinical stage, lymph node involvement, as well as Breslow thickness, presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes based on histological analysis of primary melanoma, mitotic rate, and ulceration. Identification of genes whose expression in primary tumors is associated with these key tumor/patient characteristics can shed light on molecular mechanisms of melanoma survival. Here, we show results from a gene expression analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary melanomas with extensive clinical annotation. The Cancer Genome Atlas data on primary melanomas were used for validation of nominally significant associations. We identified five genes that were significantly associated with the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the joint analysis after adjustment for multiple testing: IL1R2, PPL, PLA2G3, RASAL1, and SGK2. We also identified two genes significantly associated with melanoma metastasis to the regional lymph nodes (PIK3CG and IL2RA), and two genes significantly associated with sex (KDM5C and KDM6A). We found that LEF1 was significantly associated with Breslow thickness and CCNA2 and UBE2T with mitosis. RAD50 was the gene most significantly associated with survival, with a higher level of expression associated with worse survival.
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8
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Matsuda Y, Tanaka M, Sawabe M, Mori S, Muramatsu M, Mieno MN, Ishiwata T, Arai T. The stem cell-specific intermediate filament nestin missense variation p.A1199P is associated with pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4647-4654. [PMID: 30988821 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intermediate filament nestin is upregulated in stem/progenitor cells and cancers, and regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness. The present study comparatively analyzed serial autopsies of Japanese patients (n=2,206; males, 1,225; females, 981; median, 80.7 years old; range, 33-104 years old) with malignant tumors of whole organs, with respect to the clinical information, and 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms of the nestin gene. p.A1199P associated with pancreatic cancer (odds ratio, 4.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-10.0, P=0.001) while it did not associate with malignant neoplasms in other organs. p.A1199P did not associate with precancerous lesions of the pancreas. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of nestin were not associated with sex, drinking, smoking, or body weight. In conclusion, the amino acid 1,199 of nestin is localized in the tail structure of the filament and polymerizes with other intermediate filament proteins. The present results suggest that missense variations of nestin affect pancreatic carcinogenesis in Japanese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Motoji Sawabe
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Seijiro Mori
- Center for Promotion of Clinical Investigation, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masaaki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Makiko Naka Mieno
- Department of Medical Informatics, Center for Information, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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9
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Matsuda Y, Esaka S, Suzuki A, Hamashima Y, Imaizumi M, Matsukawa M, Fujii Y, Aida J, Takubo K, Ishiwata T, Nishimura M, Arai T. Abnormal immunolabelling of SMAD4 in cell block specimens to distinguish malignant and benign pancreatic cells. Cytopathology 2018; 30:201-208. [PMID: 30421464 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate diagnosis of malignant and benign pancreatic lesions can be challenging, especially with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) samples that are small and/or degraded. In the present study, we determined how to best evaluate abnormal SMAD4 expression by immunohistochemical staining on cell block specimens from EUS-FNA samples. RESULTS In surgically resected pancreas, when abnormal SMAD4 immunolabelling was evaluated as negative SMAD4 expression, the sensitivity was low (33%), but when it was evaluated as decreased SMAD4 expression, the sensitivity improved (53%). Specificity and positive predictive value were high for both evaluations. There were no false-positive cases. In cell block specimens, decreased SMAD4 expression showed 47% sensitivity and 72% specificity, while negative SMAD4 expression showed lower sensitivity (20%) and higher specificity (100%). Both evaluations in cell block specimens showed lower sensitivity and specificity compared to resected specimens. False-positive and -negative rates were higher for cell blocks than for resected specimens. CONCLUSIONS Decreased SMAD4 immunolabelling provided improved sensitivity as compared to negative SMAD4 immunolabelling; therefore, it is important to compare SMAD4 expression in a sample to its expression in normal cells. Abnormal SMAD4 labelling showed low sensitivity and high specificity; therefore, SMAD4 staining using EUS-FNA samples might be helpful to detect malignancies that possess SMAD4 gene abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shikine Esaka
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akemi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Hamashima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Imaizumi
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Matsukawa
- Department of Endoscopy, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Fujii
- Department of Endoscopy, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaiyo Takubo
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishimura
- Department of Endoscopy, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Badu-Peprah A, Adu-Sarkodie Y. Accuracy of clinical diagnosis, mammography and ultrasonography in preoperative assessment of breast cancer. Ghana Med J 2018; 52:133-139. [PMID: 30602798 PMCID: PMC6303551 DOI: 10.4314/gmj.v52i3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer of the breast is the most common malignancy affecting women in many parts of the world. Its early detection has, therefore, become necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality from the disease. In sub-Saharan Africa, radiological imaging, histology and management programs are associated with challenges. OBJECTIVES This study seeks to assess the validity of clinical diagnosis, mammography and breast ultrasonography in the preoperative assessment of suspected breast cancer patients for accurate detection of the disease to enable appropriate management. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Radiology Department of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana, between November 2007 and July 2008 with a sample size of 103. All patients with a clinical suspicion of breast cancer who gave informed consent were recruited, underwent bilateral mammography and whole breast ultrasonography and then biopsy for all BIRADS categories 4 or 5 lesions. The histopathology results were retrieved to complete the study. RESULT In this study the definition of malignancy was made using histology as the gold standard. A total of 103 patients were recruited for this study with mean age of 55(±15) years, out of which 52 (50.5%) had malignant lesions. The overall sensitivity of clinical diagnosis was 50.5%. While the overall sensitivity and specificity for mammogram and ultrasound were 73.0%, 80.0% and 100%, 80.4% respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that clinical diagnosis, ultrasound and mammography can potentially predict breast cancer disease with considerable sensitivity and specificity. FUNDING Not declared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustina Badu-Peprah
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi Ghana
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Yaw Adu-Sarkodie
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi Ghana
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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11
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Matsuda Y, Tanaka M, Sawabe M, Mori S, Muramatsu M, Mieno MN, Furukawa T, Arai T. Relationship between pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in autopsied elderly patients. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology; Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo Japan
| | - Motoji Sawabe
- Molecular Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Health Care Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Seijiro Mori
- Center for Promotion of Clinical Investigation, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masaaki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology; Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Makiko Naka Mieno
- Department of Medical Informatics; Center for Information, Jichi Medical University; Tochigi Japan
| | - Toru Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo Women's Medical University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology; Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital; Tokyo Japan
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12
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The Prevalence and Clinicopathological Characteristics of High-Grade Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Autopsy Study Evaluating the Entire Pancreatic Parenchyma. Pancreas 2017; 46:658-664. [PMID: 28196020 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to identify clinicopathological characteristics of high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN)/carcinoma in situ to facilitate screening for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS We evaluated PanIN lesions in 173 consecutive autopsy cases with no evidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and/or intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (mean age, 80.5 years) by submitting the entire pancreas for microscopic examination. RESULTS PanIN-3 was found in 4% of examined cases, whereas PanIN-1 and PanIN-2 were present in 77% and 28%, respectively. PanIN-3 was more frequently identified in patients with diabetes mellitus and/or older age. PanIN-3 lesions were always multifocal, and the number of PanIN-3 foci was positively associated with those of PanIN-1 or PanIN-2. PanIN-3 was located more frequently in the pancreatic body and tail than in the head and predominantly involved small interlobular/intralobular ducts rather than the main duct. Notably, 71% of pancreata with PanIN-3 showed cystic changes in PanIN-3 and lower grade PanIN lesions. PanIN-3 was also accompanied by higher grade extralobular fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS We found that 4% of the examined pancreata harbored PanIN-3 lesions that were associated with several unique clinicopathological features. The cystic change along with fibrotic pancreatic parenchyma may be detected by imaging studies such as endoscopic ultrasound.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe incidence and lethality time trends rates of pancreatic cancer (PC) in Brazil. METHODS Data from Brazilian Health National Public System (SUS) were retrospectively collected with regard to PC from January 2005 to December 2012. Pancreatic cancer incidence and lethality rates were estimated from SUS hospitalizations and in-hospital PC deaths and adjusted to total available hospital beds. RESULTS From 2005 to 2012, a total of 36,332 admissions for PC were registered in Brazil. Pancreatic cancer incidence nearly doubled from 2.4/100,000 to 4.5/100,000, particularly among patients older than 70 years, whereas no difference in sex was noted. The greatest incidence rates increase (+109%) occurred in the northeast, a less developed region that has recently achieved significant economic advances. Dynamic changes were observed, notably a shift to increasing PC incidence in rural areas. Lethality rates increased from mean 25% to 27%, the highest rates registered in those 70 years or older. CONCLUSIONS Overall increase trends in PC incidence and lethality were observed. Pancreatic cancer remains an urban disease in Brazil, the highest incidence found in the most developed regions as in large metropolitan integrated municipalities. Improvement in diagnosis, notification quality, a rapidly aging population, and a great demographic dynamism could in part explain this fact.
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Zou X, Santa-Maria CA, O'Brien J, Gius D, Zhu Y. Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Acetylation and Dysregulation, Due to Loss of SIRT3 Activity, Promote a Luminal B-Like Breast Carcinogenic-Permissive Phenotype. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:326-36. [PMID: 26935174 PMCID: PMC4991597 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Breast cancer is the most common nondermatologic malignancy among women in the United States, among which endocrine receptor-positive breast cancer accounts for up to 80%. Endocrine receptor-positive breast cancers can be categorized molecularly into luminal A and B subtypes, of which the latter is an aggressive form that is less responsive to endocrine therapy with inferior prognosis. RECENT ADVANCES Sirtuin, an aging-related gene involved in mitochondrial metabolism, is associated with life span, and more importantly, murine models lacking Sirt3 spontaneously develop tumors that resemble human luminal B breast cancer. Furthermore, these tumors exhibit aberrant manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) acetylation at lysine 68 and lysine 122 and have abnormally high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which have been observed in many types of breast cancer. CRITICAL ISSUES The mechanism of how luminal B breast cancer develops resistance to endocrine therapy remains unclear. MnSOD, a primary mitochondrial detoxification enzyme, functions by scavenging excessive ROS from the mitochondria and maintaining mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis. Sirt3, a mitochondrial fidelity protein, can regulate the activity of MnSOD through deacetylation. In this study, we discuss a possible mechanism of how loss of SIRT3-guided MnSOD acetylation results in endocrine therapy resistance of human luminal B breast cancer. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Acetylation of MnSOD and other mitochondrial proteins, due to loss of SIRT3, may explain the connection between ROS and development of luminal B breast cancer and how luminal B breast cancer becomes resistant to endocrine therapy. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 326-336.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Zou
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois.,3 Driskill Graduate Program in Life Science, Feinburg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cesar Augusto Santa-Maria
- 4 Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joseph O'Brien
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - David Gius
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yueming Zhu
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
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15
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Schmidt K, Joyce CE, Buquicchio F, Brown A, Ritz J, Distel RJ, Yoon CH, Novina CD. The lncRNA SLNCR1 Mediates Melanoma Invasion through a Conserved SRA1-like Region. Cell Rep 2016; 15:2025-37. [PMID: 27210747 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in numerous physiological processes and diseases, most notably cancers. However, little is known about the mechanism of many functional lncRNAs. We identified an abundantly expressed lncRNA associated with decreased melanoma patient survival. Increased expression of this lncRNA, SLNCR1, mediates melanoma invasion through a highly conserved sequence similar to that of the lncRNA SRA1. Using a sensitive technique we term RATA (RNA-associated transcription factor array), we show that the brain-specific homeobox protein 3a (Brn3a) and the androgen receptor (AR) bind within and adjacent to SLNCR1's conserved region, respectively. SLNCR1, AR, and Brn3a are specifically required for transcriptional activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and increased melanoma invasion. Our observations directly link AR to melanoma invasion, possibly explaining why males experience more melanoma metastases and have an overall lower survival in comparison to females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyn Schmidt
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Cailin E Joyce
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Frank Buquicchio
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Adam Brown
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Justin Ritz
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert J Distel
- Belfer Office for Dana-Farber Innovation, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Charles H Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Carl D Novina
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA.
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Matsuda Y, Ishiwata T, Yachida S, Suzuki A, Hamashima Y, Hamayasu H, Yoshimura H, Honma N, Aida J, Takubo K, Arai T. Clinicopathological Features of 15 Occult and 178 Clinical Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas in 8339 Autopsied Elderly Patients. Pancreas 2016; 45:234-40. [PMID: 26474426 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the clinicopathological features of pancreatic cancer at different stages using autopsy results. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 8399 consecutive cases of autopsy performed between 1972 and 2013 at our geriatric hospital. RESULTS Macroscopic pancreatic lesions were detected in 6.13% of the cases. Primary and secondary pancreatic tumors were observed in 2.88% and 2.10% of the cases, respectively. Most primary tumors were invasive ductal adenocarcinomas (193 cases [2.31%]; mean patient age, 78.09 years) with a peak incidence at 50 to 59 years. Occult invasive ductal adenocarcinoma was discovered incidentally in 15 cases, with distant metastasis present in 26.67% of those. Microscopically, occult and advanced tumors exhibited similar characteristics such as hyalinized fibrous stroma, necrosis, invasion into vessels, peripancreatic fat tissues, and extrapancreatic nerve plexus. Mucin 1 and 2 immunohistochemical expression levels were also similar. Occult cancer incidence increased with age. Patients aged 85 years or older had shorter survival, a small tumor size, and a low incidence of lymph node metastasis. Approximately 8% of pancreatic invasive ductal adenocarcinomas progressed asymptomatically and were discovered incidentally at autopsy. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic cancers in elderly patients tend to progress asymptomatically, but once symptoms develop, they are more often fatal than those in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- From the *Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku; †Department of Pathology and Integrative Oncological Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku; ‡Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku; and §Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsuda Y, Ishiwata T, Izumiyama-Shimomura N, Hamayasu H, Fujiwara M, Tomita KI, Hiraishi N, Nakamura KI, Ishikawa N, Aida J, Takubo K, Arai T. Gradual telomere shortening and increasing chromosomal instability among PanIN grades and normal ductal epithelia with and without cancer in the pancreas. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117575. [PMID: 25658358 PMCID: PMC4319908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence supports a key role for telomere dysfunction in carcinogenesis due to the induction of chromosomal instability. To study telomere shortening in precancerous pancreatic lesions, we measured telomere lengths using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization in the normal pancreatic duct epithelium, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs), and cancers. The materials employed included surgically resected pancreatic specimens without cancer (n = 33) and with invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 36), as well as control autopsy cases (n = 150). In comparison with normal ducts, telomere length was decreased in PanIN-1, −2 and −3 and cancer. Furthermore, telomeres were shorter in cancer than in PanIN-1 and −2. Telomere length in cancer was not associated with histological type, lesion location, or cancer stage. PanINs with or without cancer showed similar telomere lengths. The incidences of atypical mitosis and anaphase bridges, which are morphological characteristics of chromosomal instability, were negatively correlated with telomere length. The telomeres in normal duct epithelium became shorter with aging, and those in PanINs or cancers were shorter than in age-matched controls, suggesting that telomere shortening occurs even when histological changes are absent. Our data strongly suggest that telomere shortening occurs in the early stages of pancreatic carcinogenesis and progresses with precancerous development. Telomere shortening and chromosomal instability in the duct epithelium might be associated with carcinogenesis of the pancreas. Determination of telomere length in pancreatic ductal lesions may be valuable for accurate detection and risk assessment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (KT)
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Department of Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Naotaka Izumiyama-Shimomura
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hideki Hamayasu
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Mutsunori Fujiwara
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Tomita
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiraishi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hadano Red Cross Hospital, Hadano, Kanagawa, 257-0017, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Nakamura
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Naoshi Ishikawa
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kaiyo Takubo
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (KT)
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
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Crispo A, Barba M, Malvezzi M, Arpino G, Grimaldi M, Rosso T, Esposito E, Sergi D, Ciliberto G, Giordano A, Montella M. Cancer mortality trends between 1988 and 2009 in the metropolitan area of Naples and Caserta, Southern Italy: Results from a joinpoint regression analysis. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 14:1113-22. [PMID: 24025410 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.26425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality data by geographic area and trend-based surveillance are particularly relevant in orienting public health decisions targeting specific populations. We analyzed overall and site-specific cancer mortality between 1988 and 2009 in the metropolitan area of Naples and Caserta in southern Italy. Age-standardized mortality rates (SMR) were computed for each 5-y age group, by gender, primitive cancer site and specific Province in the overall population and age-defined subgroups. Cancer mortality trends were quantified by annual percent change (APC) and 95% confidence interval (CI). From Naples and Caserta, the reduction observed between 1988 and 2009 in SMR in males, but not in females, was significantly lower compared with the decrease reported at a national level (-11.4% and -28.4%, respectively). In elderly men, differences between local and national SMR were more pronounced (+13.6% compared with -2.7%). In males, the joinpoint regression analysis showed the following APC and 95% CI: -0.9%/year (-1.2; -0.7) and -0.6%/year (-1.0; -0.2) for Naples and Caserta, respectively. In females, estimates were -0.6%/year (-0.8; -0.5) and -0.7%/year (-1.2; -0.3). The overall orientation toward declining cancer mortality trends appeared in antithesis with the slight, but significant, increase for some tumors (e.g., pancreatic cancer in both genders). A complex mixture of heterogeneous factors concurs to explain the evidence observed including lifestyle, access to screening procedures, advancements in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Further details might eventually derive from biomonitoring studies for ascertaining the causal link between exposure to potential contaminants in air, water, and soil and cancer-related outcomes in the area of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Crispo
- Epidemiology Unit; National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation; Naples, Italy
| | - Maddalena Barba
- Medical Oncology B-Scientific Direction; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Malvezzi
- Department of Epidemiology; Mario Negri Institute; Milan, Italy
| | - Grazia Arpino
- Department of Oncology and Experimental-Clinical Endocrinology; Federico II University of Naples; Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grimaldi
- Epidemiology Unit; National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation; Naples, Italy
| | - Tiziana Rosso
- Department of Epidemiology; Mario Negri Institute; Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Epidemiology Unit; National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation; Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Medical Oncology B; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Director; Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation; Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center of Biotechnology; College of Science and Technology; Temple University; Philadelphia, PA USA; Department of Pathology & Oncology; University of Siena; Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Montella
- Epidemiology Unit; National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation; Naples, Italy
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