1
|
Vargas P, Scheffel TB, Diz FM, Rockenbach L, Grave N, Cappellari AR, Kist LW, Bogo MR, Thomé MP, Leal GF, de Fraga Dias A, Figueiró F, Filippi-Chiela EC, Lenz G, Morrone FB. P2Y 12 receptor antagonism inhibits proliferation, migration and leads to autophagy of glioblastoma cells. Purinergic Signal 2022; 18:481-494. [PMID: 35939198 PMCID: PMC9832208 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09888-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal among the primary brain tumors, with a low survival rate and resistance to radio and chemotherapy. The P2Y12 is an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) purinergic chemoreceptor, found mainly in platelets. In cancer cells, its activation has been described to induce proliferation and metastasis. Bearing in mind the need to find new treatments for GBM, this study aimed to investigate the role of the P2Y12R in the proliferation and migration of GBM cells, as well as to evaluate the expression of this receptor in patients' data obtained from the TCGA data bank. Here, we used the P2Y12R antagonist, ticagrelor, which belongs to the antiplatelet agent's class. The different GBM cells (cell line and patient-derived cells) were treated with ticagrelor, with the agonist, ADP, or both, and the effects on cell proliferation, colony formation, ADP hydrolysis, cell cycle and death, migration, and cell adhesion were analyzed. The results showed that ticagrelor decreased the viability and the proliferation of GBM cells. P2Y12R antagonism also reduced colony formation and migration potentials, with alterations on the expression of metalloproteinases, and induced autophagy in GBM cells. Changes were observed at the cell cycle level, and only the U251 cell line showed a significant reduction in the ADP hydrolysis profile. TCGA data analysis showed a higher expression of P2Y12R in gliomas samples when compared to the other tumors. These data demonstrate the importance of the P2Y12 receptor in gliomas development and reinforce its potential as a pharmacological target for glioma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Vargas
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil ,grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Thamiris Becker Scheffel
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Fernando Mendonça Diz
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Liliana Rockenbach
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil ,grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Nathália Grave
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil ,grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Angélica Regina Cappellari
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Luiza Wilges Kist
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil ,grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Maurício Reis Bogo
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil ,grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil ,grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Marcos Paulo Thomé
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Departamento de Biofísica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fernandes Leal
- grid.412519.a0000 0001 2166 9094Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação, Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Amanda de Fraga Dias
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Eduardo Cremonese Filippi-Chiela
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Departmento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Departamento de Biofísica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bueno Morrone
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aria H, Rezaei M, Nazem S, Daraei A, Nikfar G, Mansoori B, Bahmanyar M, Tavassoli A, Vakil MK, Mansoori Y. Purinergic receptors are a key bottleneck in tumor metabolic reprogramming: The prime suspect in cancer therapeutic resistance. Front Immunol 2022; 13:947885. [PMID: 36072596 PMCID: PMC9444135 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.947885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP and other nucleoside phosphates have specific receptors named purinergic receptors. Purinergic receptors and ectonucleotidases regulate various signaling pathways that play a role in physiological and pathological processes. Extracellular ATP in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has a higher level than in normal tissues and plays a role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this review, we investigated the role of purinergic receptors in the development of resistance to therapy through changes in tumor cell metabolism. When a cell transforms to neoplasia, its metabolic processes change. The metabolic reprogramming modified metabolic feature of the TME, that can cause impeding immune surveillance and promote cancer growth. The purinergic receptors contribute to therapy resistance by modifying cancer cells' glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Limiting the energy supply of cancer cells is one approach to overcoming resistance. Glycolysis inhibitors which reduce intracellular ATP levels may make cancer cells more susceptible to anti-cancer therapies. The loss of the P2X7R through glucose intolerance and decreased fatty acid metabolism reduces therapeutic resistance. Potential metabolic blockers that can be employed in combination with other therapies will aid in the discovery of new anti-cancer immunotherapy to overcome therapy resistance. Therefore, therapeutic interventions that are considered to inhibit cancer cell metabolism and purinergic receptors simultaneously can potentially reduce resistance to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Aria
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shima Nazem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ghasem Nikfar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Behnam Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Maryam Bahmanyar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavassoli
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazem Vakil
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou YT, Yu YQ, Yang H, Yang H, Huo YF, Huang Y, Tian XX, Fang WG. Extracellular ATP promotes angiogenesis and adhesion of TNBC cells to endothelial cells via up-regulation of CTGF. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2457-2471. [PMID: 35441763 PMCID: PMC9277410 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous works have indicated that extracellular ATP is an important prometastasis factor. However, the molecular mechanism involved needs to be further studied. We demonstrated that extracellular ATP treatment could upregulate the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in both triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and endothelial cells (ECs). Extracellular ATP stimulated the migration of TNBC cells and ECs, and angiogenesis of ECs via the P2Y2––YAP‐CTGF axis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stimulated TNBC cell adhesion to ECs and transmigration through the EC layer via CTGF by upregulation of integrin β1 on TNBC cells and VCAM‐1 on ECs. Both apyrase (ATP‐diphosphohydrolase) and CTGF shRNA treatments could inhibit the metastasis of inoculated tumors to lung and liver in a mouse model, and these treated tumors had fewer blood vessels. Collectively, our data indicated that extracellular ATP promotes tumor angiogenesis and the interactions between TNBC cells and ECs through upregulation of CTGF, thereby stimulating TNBC metastasis. The pleiotropic effects of ATP in angiogenesis and cell adhesion suggest that extracellular ATP or CTGF could be an effective target for TNBC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu-Qing Yu
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan-Fei Huo
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin-Xia Tian
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei-Gang Fang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matyśniak D, Chumak V, Nowak N, Kukla A, Lehka L, Oslislok M, Pomorski P. P2X7 receptor: the regulator of glioma tumor development and survival. Purinergic Signal 2021; 18:135-154. [PMID: 34964926 PMCID: PMC8850512 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 is an ionotropic nucleotide receptor, forming the cation channel upon ATP stimulation. It can also function as a large membrane pore as well as transmit ATP-dependent signal without forming a channel at all. P2X7 activity in somatic cells is well-known, but remains poorly studied in glioma tumors. The current paper presents the comprehensive study of P2X7 activity in C6 and glioma cell line showing the wide range of effects the receptor has on glioma biology. We observed that P2X7 stimulation boosts glioma cell proliferation and increases cell viability. P2X7 activation promoted cell adhesion, mitochondria depolarization, and reactive oxygen species overproduction in C6 cells. P2X7 receptor also influenced glioma tumor growth in vivo via activation of pro-survival signaling pathways and ATP release. Treatment with Brilliant Blue G, a selective P2X7 antagonist, effectively inhibited glioma tumor development; decreased the expression of negative prognostic cancer markers pro-survival and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins; and modulated the immune response toward glioma tumor in vivo. Finally, pathway-specific enrichment analysis of the microarray data from human patients also showed an upregulation of P2X7 receptor in gliomas from grades I to III. The presented results shed more light on the role of P2X7 receptor in the biology of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Matyśniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vira Chumak
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
- Regenerative Medicine Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Nowak
- Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Kukla
- Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Lilya Lehka
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Magdalena Oslislok
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomorski
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Enhanced Microglia Activation and Glioma Tumor Progression by Inflammagen Priming in Mice with Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Type 2 Deficiency. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11090961. [PMID: 34575110 PMCID: PMC8465392 DOI: 10.3390/life11090961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that accumulation of microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS) are the main feature of glioblastoma, the role of microglia in the progression of glioma is still arguable. Based on the correlation of inflammation with tumor progression, in this study, we attempt to determine if peripheral inflammation aggravates glioma expansion and the activation of microglia associated with the tumor. Experimental animals were administered intraperitoneally by inflammagen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 7 days (LPS priming) before intracerebral implantation of glioma cells. Moreover, a reduced level of tumor necrosis factor receptor type 2 (TNFR2) that is restricted to immune cells, neurons, and microglia has been found in patients with glioblastoma through the clinic analysis of monocyte receptor expression. Thus, in addition to wildtype (WT) mice, heterogeneous TNFR2 gene deficiency (TNFR2+/−) mice and homogeneous TNFR2 gene knockout (TNFR2−/−) mice were used in this study. The results show that peripheral challenge by LPS, Iba1+- or CD11b+-microglia increase in numbers in the cortex and hippocampus of TNFR2−/− mice, when compared to WT or TNFR2+/− mice. We further conducted the intracerebral implantation of rodent glioma cells into the animals and found that the volumes of tumors formed by rat C6 glioma cells or mouse GL261 glioma cells were significantly larger in the cortex of TNFR2−/− mice when compared to that measured in LPS-primed WT or LPS-primed TNFR2+/− mice. Ki67+-cells were exclusively clustered in the tumor of LPS-primed TNFR2−/− mice. Microglia were also extensively accumulated in the tumor formed in LPS-primed TNFR2−/− mice. Accordingly, our findings demonstrate that aggravation of microglia activation by peripheral inflammatory challenge and a loss of TNFR2 function might lead to the promotion of glioma growth.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rat Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells (ADSCs) Increases the Glioblastoma Growth and Decreases the Animal Survival. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:1495-1509. [PMID: 34403074 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their secreted factors may modulate the biology of tumor cells. However, how these interactions happen in vivo remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of rat adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) and their conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) in glioma tumor growth and malignancy in vivo. Our results showed that when we co-injected C6 cells plus ADSCs into the rat brains, the tumors generated were larger and the animals exhibited shorter survival, when compared with tumors of the animals that received only C6 cells or C6 cells pre-treated with ADSC-CM. We further showed that the animals that received C6 plus ADSC did not present enhanced expression of CD73 (a gene highly expressed in ADSCs), indicating that the tumor volume observed in these animals was not a mere consequence of the higher density of cells administered in this group. Finally, we showed that the animals that received C6 + ADSC presented tumors with larger necrosis areas and greater infiltration of immune cells. These results indicate that the immunoregulatory properties of ADSCs and its contribution to tumor stroma can support tumor growth leading to larger zones of necrosis, recruitment of immune cells, thus facilitating tumor progression. Our data provide new insights into the way by which ADSCs and tumor cells interact and highlight the importance of understanding the fate and roles of MSCs in tumor sites in vivo, as well as their intricate crosstalk with cancer cells.
Collapse
|
7
|
Haas CB, Lovászi M, Braganhol E, Pacher P, Haskó G. Ectonucleotidases in Inflammation, Immunity, and Cancer. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 206:1983-1990. [PMID: 33879578 PMCID: PMC10037530 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) are a family of enzymes that hydrolyze nucleotides such as ATP, UTP, ADP, and UDP to monophosphates derivates such as AMP and UMP. The NTPDase family consists of eight enzymes, of which NTPDases 1, 2, 3, and 8 are expressed on cell membranes thereby hydrolyzing extracellular nucleotides. Cell membrane NTPDases are expressed in all tissues, in which they regulate essential physiological tissue functions such as development, blood flow, hormone secretion, and neurotransmitter release. They do so by modulating nucleotide-mediated purinergic signaling through P2 purinergic receptors. NTPDases 1, 2, 3, and 8 also play a key role during infection, inflammation, injury, and cancer. Under these conditions, NTPDases can contribute and control the pathophysiology of infectious, inflammatory diseases and cancer. In this review, we discuss the role of NTPDases, focusing on the less understood NTPDases 2-8, in regulating inflammation and immunity during infectious, inflammatory diseases, and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; and
| | - Pál Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Giuliani P, Carluccio M, Ciccarelli R. Role of Purinome, A Complex Signaling System, In Glioblastoma Aggressiveness. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:632622. [PMID: 33613296 PMCID: PMC7892952 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.632622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Giuliani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. D'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. D'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marzia Carluccio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. D'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. D'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. D'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. D'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Goodarzi A, Khanmohammadi M, Ai A, Khodayari H, Ai A, Farahani MS, Khodayari S, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Mohandesnezhad S, Ai J. Simultaneous impact of atorvastatin and mesenchymal stem cells for glioblastoma multiform suppression in rat glioblastoma multiform model. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7783-7795. [PMID: 32981013 PMCID: PMC7588373 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05855-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is known as an aggressive glial neoplasm. Recently incorporation of mesenchymal stem cells with anti-tumor drugs have been used due to lack of immunological responses and their easy accessibility. In this study, we have investigated the anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity of atorvastatin (Ator) in combination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. The MSCs isolated from rats and characterized for their multi-potency features. The anti-proliferative and migration inhibition of Ator and MSCs were evaluated by MTT and scratch migration assays. The annexin/PI percentage and cell cycle arrest of treated C6 cells were evaluated until 72 h incubation. The animal model was established via injection of C6 cells in the brain of rats and subsequent injection of Ator each 3 days and single injection of MSCs until 12 days. The growth rate, migrational phenotype and cell cycle progression of C6 cells decreased and inhibited by the interplay of different factors in the presence of Ator and MSCs. The effect of Ator and MSCs on animal models displayed a significant reduction in tumor size and weight. Furthermore, histopathology evaluation proved low hypercellularity and mitosis index as well as mild invasive tumor cells for perivascular cuffing without pseudopalisading necrosis and small delicate vessels in Ator + MSCs condition. In summary, Ator and MSCs delivery to GBM model provides an effective strategy for targeted therapy of brain tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Goodarzi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arman Ai
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, Dusseldorf, Germany.,Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ai
- Scientific Research Center, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Sagharjoghi Farahani
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, Dusseldorf, Germany.,Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, Dusseldorf, Germany.,Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanam Mohandesnezhad
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saisavoey T, Sangtanoo P, Srimongkol P, Reamtong O, Karnchanatat A. Hydrolysates from bee pollen could induced apoptosis in human bronchogenic carcinoma cells (ChaGo-K-1). Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 58:752-763. [PMID: 33568869 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04592-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to examine bee pollen hydrolysates to assess their anticancer and antioxidant properties, hydrolysis of bee pollen was first performed using three different commercially available enzymes: Alcalase®, Neutrase®, and Flavourzyme®. The study used DPPH and ABTS assay to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the hydrolysates obtained from bee pollen. All of the tested hydrolysates demonstrated antioxidant activity, while hydrolysate based on Alcalase® offered a high value for IC50 and was therefore chosen for further separation into five sub-fractions via ultrafiltration. The greatest antioxidant activity was presented by the MW < 0.65 kDa fraction, which achieved an IC50 value of 0.39 ± 0.01 µg/mL in the DPPH assay and 1.52 ± 0.01 µg/mL for ABTS. Purification of the MW < 0.65 kDa fraction was completed using RP-HPLC, whereupon the three fractions from the original six which had the highest antioxidant activity underwent further examination through ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS. These particular peptides had between 7 and 11 amino acid residues. In the case of the MW < 0.65 kDa fraction, testing was also carried out to determine the viability of lung cancer cell lines, represented by ChaGo-K1 cells. Analysis of the antiproliferative properties allowed in vitro assessment of the ChaGo-K1 cells' viability following treatment using the MW < 0.65 kDa fraction. Flow-cytometry generated date which revealed that it was possible for the MW < 0.65 kDa fraction to induce apoptosis in the ChaGo-K1 cells in comparison to the results with cells which had not been treated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanatorn Saisavoey
- Research Unit in Bioconversion/Bioseparation for Value-Added Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Papassara Sangtanoo
- Research Unit in Bioconversion/Bioseparation for Value-Added Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Piroonporn Srimongkol
- Research Unit in Bioconversion/Bioseparation for Value-Added Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Aphichart Karnchanatat
- Research Unit in Bioconversion/Bioseparation for Value-Added Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Maas SLN, Abels ER, Van De Haar LL, Zhang X, Morsett L, Sil S, Guedes J, Sen P, Prabhakar S, Hickman SE, Lai CP, Ting DT, Breakefield XO, Broekman MLD, El Khoury J. Glioblastoma hijacks microglial gene expression to support tumor growth. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:120. [PMID: 32299465 PMCID: PMC7164149 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas are the most common and lethal primary brain tumors. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, survey their environment and respond to pathogens, toxins, and tumors. Glioblastoma cells communicate with microglia, in part by releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs). Despite the presence of large numbers of microglia in glioblastoma, the tumors continue to grow, and these neuroimmune cells appear incapable of keeping the tumor in check. To understand this process, we analyzed gene expression in microglia interacting with glioblastoma cells. METHODS We used RNASeq of isolated microglia to analyze the expression patterns of genes involved in key microglial functions in mice with glioblastoma. We focused on microglia that had taken up tumor-derived EVs and therefore were within and immediately adjacent to the tumor. RESULTS We show that these microglia have downregulated expression of genes involved in sensing tumor cells and tumor-derived danger signals, as well as genes used for tumor killing. In contrast, expression of genes involved in facilitating tumor spread was upregulated. These changes appear to be in part EV-mediated, since intracranial injection of EVs in normal mice led to similar transcriptional changes in microglia. We observed a similar microglial transcriptomic signature when we analyzed datasets from human patients with glioblastoma. CONCLUSION Our data define a microgliaGlioblastoma specific phenotype, whereby glioblastomas have hijacked gene expression in the neuroimmune system to favor avoiding tumor sensing, suppressing the immune response, clearing a path for invasion, and enhancing tumor propagation. For further exploration, we developed an interactive online tool at http://www.glioma-microglia.com with all expression data and additional functional and pathway information for each gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sybren L N Maas
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik R Abels
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Lieke L Van De Haar
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Liza Morsett
- Center for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Srinjoy Sil
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Joana Guedes
- Center for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pritha Sen
- Center for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Shilpa Prabhakar
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Suzanne E Hickman
- Center for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Charles P Lai
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.,Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences/Academia Sinica, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David T Ting
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Xandra O Breakefield
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Marike L D Broekman
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Haaglanden Medical Center, 2512 VA, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph El Khoury
- Center for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Braganhol E, Wink MR, Lenz G, Battastini AMO. Purinergic Signaling in Glioma Progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1202:87-108. [PMID: 32034710 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30651-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Among the pathological alterations that give tumor cells invasive potential, purinergic signaling is emerging as an important component. Studies performed in in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo glioma models indicate that alterations in the purinergic signaling are involved in the progression of these tumors. Gliomas have low expression of all E-NTPDases, when compared to astrocytes in culture. Nucleotides induce glioma proliferation and ATP, although potentially neurotoxic, does not evoke cytotoxic action on the majority of glioma cells in culture. The importance of extracellular ATP for glioma pathobiology was confirmed by the reduction in glioma tumor size by apyrase, which degrades extracellular ATP to AMP, and the striking increase in tumor size by over-expression of an ecto-enzyme that degrades ATP to ADP, suggesting the effect of extracellular ATP on the tumor growth depends on the nucleotide produced by its degradation. The participation of purinergic receptors on glioma progression, particularly P2X7, is involved in the resistance to ATP-induced cell death. Although more studies are necessary, the purinergic signaling, including ectonucleotidases and receptors, may be considered as future target for glioma pharmacological or gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizandra Braganhol
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão S/N Caixa Postal 354, Pelotas, CEP 96010900, RS, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, 245 Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, CEP 90050-170, RS, Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Departamento de Biofísica, IB e Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Av. Bento Goncalves, Porto Alegre, 61501970, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600-anexo Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ferreira LM, Azambuja JH, da Silveira EF, Marcondes Sari MH, da Cruz Weber Fulco B, Costa Prado V, Gelsleichter NE, Beckenkamp LR, da Cruz Fernandes M, Spanevello RM, Wink MR, de Cassia Sant Anna Alves R, Nogueira CW, Braganhol E, Cruz L. Antitumor action of diphenyl diselenide nanocapsules: In vitro assessments and preclinical evidence in an animal model of glioblastoma multiforme. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 55:180-189. [PMID: 31345356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most aggressive malignant tumors of the central nervous system. The diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2] is an organoselenium compound that has multiple pharmacological properties. Previous reports showed that (PhSe)2 nanoencapsulation potentiates its in vitro antitumoral action and reduces its toxicity. OBJECTIVE In this sense, the current study was designed to further evaluate the (PhSe)2 antitumoral effect by a set of in vitro techniques using a glioma cell line as well as by an animal model of gliobastoma. METHODS For the in vitro tests, the cell viability, propidium iodide uptake and nitrite levels of rat glioma C6 cells were determined after incubation with free (PhSe)2 or (PhSe)2-loaded nanocapsules (NC). The glioblastoma model was induced by implantation of C6 glioma cells in the right striatum of rats. Following, animals were submitted to a repeated intragastric administration treatment with (PhSe)2 or NC (PhSe)2 (1 mg/kg/day for 15 days) to assess the possible antitumor effect. MAIN FINDINGS Both compound forms decreased the C6 glioma cells viability without causing any effect in astrocytes cells (healthy control). Importantly, the NC (PhSe)2 had superior cytotoxic effect than its free form and increased the nitrite content. Independent of the (PhSe)2 forms, the intragastric treatment reduced brain tumor size and caused neither alteration in the plasma renal and hepatic markers of function nor in the parameters of oxidative balance in brain, liver and kidneys. PRINCIPAL CONCLUSIONS The (PhSe)2 nanoencapsulation improved its cytotoxic effect against C6 glioma cells and both compound forms attenuated the tumor development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Mota Ferreira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Hofstatter Azambuja
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elita Ferreira da Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcel Henrique Marcondes Sari
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna da Cruz Weber Fulco
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Costa Prado
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Liziane Raquel Beckenkamp
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilda da Cruz Fernandes
- Laboratório de Patologia, Departamento de Patologia e de Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosélia Maria Spanevello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcia Rosângela Wink
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Sant Anna Alves
- Laboratório de Patologia, Departamento de Patologia e de Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Wayne Nogueira
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Cruz
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Role of the P2X7 receptor in in vitro and in vivo glioma tumor growth. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4840-4856. [PMID: 31448051 PMCID: PMC6690673 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human glioblastoma cells are strikingly refractory to ATP-stimulated, P2X7 receptor (P2X7R)-mediated cytotoxicity. To elucidate the mechanistic basis of this feature, we investigated P2X7R-dependent responses in wild type and P2X7R-transfected U138 cells. Mouse GL261 glioma cells were used as an additional control. Here, we report that wild type U138 glioma cells expressed the P2X7R to very low level. Contrary to human U138 cells, mouse GL261 cells showed strong P2X7R expression and P2X7R-dependent responses. Transfection of wild type P2RX7 into U138 cells fully restored P2X7R-dependent responses. P2RX7 transfection conferred a negligible in vitro growth advantage to U138 cells, while strongly accelerated in vivo growth. In silico analysis showed that the P2RX7 gene is seldom mutated in specimens from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. These observations suggest that the P2X7R might be an important receptor promoting GBM growth.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the US. Current major treatments for cancer management include surgery, cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, endocrine therapy and immunotherapy. Despite the endeavors and achievements made in treating cancers during the past decades, resistance to classical chemotherapeutic agents and/or novel targeted drugs continues to be a major problem in cancer therapies. Drug resistance, either existing before treatment (intrinsic) or generated after therapy (acquired), is responsible for most relapses of cancer, one of the major causes of death of the disease. Heterogeneity among patients and tumors, and the versatility of cancer to circumvent therapies make drug resistance more challenging to deal with. Better understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance is required to provide guidance to future cancer treatment and achieve better outcomes. In this review, intrinsic and acquired resistance will be discussed. In addition, new discoveries in mechanisms of drug resistance will be reviewed. Particularly, we will highlight roles of ATP in drug resistance by discussing recent findings of exceptionally high levels of intratumoral extracellular ATP as well as intracellular ATP internalized from extracellular environment. The complexity of drug resistance development suggests that combinational and personalized therapies, which should take ATP into consideration, might provide better strategies and improved efficacy for fighting drug resistance in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Xiaozhuo Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Characterization of soluble CD39 (SolCD39/NTPDase1) from PiggyBac nonviral system as a tool to control the nucleotides level. Biochem J 2019; 476:1637-1651. [PMID: 31085558 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) and its metabolites have emerged as key modulators of different diseases and comprise a complex pathway called purinergic signaling. An increased number of tools have been developed to study the role of nucleotides and nucleosides in cell proliferation and migration, influence on the immune system and tumor progression. These tools include receptor agonists/antagonists, engineered ectonucleotidases, interference RNAs and ectonucleotidase inhibitors that allow the control and quantification of nucleotide levels. NTPDase1 (also called apyrase, ecto-ATPase and CD39) is one of the main enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of eATP, and purified enzymes, such as apyrase purified from potato, or engineered as soluble CD39 (SolCD39), have been widely used in in vitro and in vivo experiments. However, the commercial apyrase had its effects recently questioned and SolCD39 exhibits limitations, such as short half-life and need of high doses to reach the expected enzymatic activity. Therefore, this study investigated a non-viral method to improve the overexpression of SolCD39 and evaluated its impact on other enzymes of the purinergic system. Our data demonstrated that PiggyBac transposon system proved to be a fast and efficient method to generate cells stably expressing SolCD39, producing high amounts of the enzyme from a limited number of cells and with high hydrolytic activity. In addition, the soluble form of NTPDase1/CD39 did not alter the expression or catalytic activity of other enzymes from the purinergic system. Altogether, these findings set the groundwork for prospective studies on the function and therapeutic role of eATP and its metabolites in physiological and pathological conditions.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bertoni APS, Bracco PA, de Campos RP, Lutz BS, Assis-Brasil BM, Meyer ELDS, Saffi J, Braganhol E, Furlanetto TW, Wink MR. Activity of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E/CD73) is increased in papillary thyroid carcinoma and its expression is associated with metastatic lymph nodes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 479:54-60. [PMID: 30184475 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been increasing, which raised the interest in its molecular pathways. Although the high expression of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E) gene expression and NT5E enzymatic activity in several types of cancer is associated with tumor progression, its role in PTC remains unknown. Here, we investigated the AMP hydrolysis in human normal thyroid cells and PTC cells, in primary culture, and the association of NT5E expression with clinical aspects of PTC patients. AMPase activity was higher in thyroid cells isolated from PTC, as compared to normal thyroid (P = 0.0063). Significant correlation was observed between AMPase activity and NT5E levels in primary thyroid cell cultures (r = 0.655, P = 0.029). NT5E expression was higher in PTC than in the adjacent non-malignant thyroid tissue (P = 0.0065) and were positively associated with metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.0007), risk of recurrence (P = 0.0033), tumor size (P = 0.049), and nodular hyperplasia in the adjacent thyroid parenchyma, when compared to normal thyroid or lymphocytic thyroiditis (P = 0.0146). After adjusting for potential confounders, the malignant/non-malignant paired expression ratio of NT5E mRNA was independently associated with metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.0005), and tumor size (P=0.0005). In addition, the analysis of PTC described in the TCGA database also showed an association between higher expression of NT5E and metastatic lymph nodes, and tumor microinvasion. These results support the hypothesis that NT5E have a role in PTC microenvironment and might be a potential target for PTC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Santin Bertoni
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (DCBS) e Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula Andreghetto Bracco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Paschoal de Campos
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (DCBS) e Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jenifer Saffi
- DCBS e Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, UFCSPA, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (DCBS) e Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (DCBS) e Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Azambuja JH, Gelsleichter NE, Beckenkamp LR, Iser IC, Fernandes MC, Figueiró F, Battastini AMO, Scholl JN, de Oliveira FH, Spanevello RM, Sévigny J, Wink MR, Stefani MA, Teixeira HF, Braganhol E. CD73 Downregulation Decreases In Vitro and In Vivo Glioblastoma Growth. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3260-3279. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
19
|
Liu Y, Geng YH, Yang H, Yang H, Zhou YT, Zhang HQ, Tian XX, Fang WG. Extracellular ATP drives breast cancer cell migration and metastasis via S100A4 production by cancer cells and fibroblasts. Cancer Lett 2018; 430:1-10. [PMID: 29733962 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work has demonstrated that extracellular ATP is an important pro-invasive factor, and in this study, we tapped into a possible mechanism involved. We discovered that ATP could upregulate both the intracellular expression and secretion of S100A4 in breast cancer cells and fibroblasts. Apart from stimulating breast cancer cell motility via intracellular S100A4, ATP enhanced the ability of breast cancer cells to transform fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like cells, which in turn secreted S100A4 to further promote cancer cell motility. Both apyrase and niclosamide treatments could inhibit metastasis of inoculated tumors to lung, liver and kidney in mice model, and CAFs from these treated tumors exhibited weakened migration-stimulating capacity for breast cancer cells. Collectively, our data indicate that extracellular ATP promotes the interactions between breast cancer cells and fibroblasts, which work collaboratively via production of S100A4 to exacerbate breast cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yue-Hang Geng
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan-Ting Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hong-Quan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin-Xia Tian
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Wei-Gang Fang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Extracellular ATP is Differentially Metabolized on Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells Surface in Comparison to Normal Cells. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2018; 11:61-70. [PMID: 29455338 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-018-0206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer has been increasing. Nevertheless, its molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In recent years, extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides have emerged as important modulators of tumor microenvironment. Extracellular ATP is mainly hydrolyzed by NTPDase1/CD39 and NTPDase2/CD39L1, generating AMP, which is hydrolyzed by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) to adenosine, a possible promoter of tumor growth and metastasis. There are no studies evaluating the expression and functionality of these ectonucleotidases on normal or tumor-derived thyroid cells. Thus, we investigated the ability of thyroid cancer cells to hydrolyze extracellular ATP generating adenosine, and the expression of ecto-enzymes, as compared to normal cells. We found that normal thyroid derived cells presented a higher ability to hydrolyze ATP and higher mRNA levels for ENTDP1-2, when compared to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) derived cells, which had a higher ability to hydrolyze AMP and expressed CD73 mRNA and protein at higher levels. In addition, adenosine induced an increase in proliferation and migration in PTC derived cells, whose effect was blocked by APCP, a non-hydrolysable ADP analogue, which is an inhibitor of CD73. Taken together, these results showed that thyroid follicular cells have a functional purinergic signaling. The higher expression of CD73 in PTC derived cells might favor the accumulation of extracellular adenosine in the tumor microenvironment, which could promote tumor progression. Therefore, as already shown for other tumors, the purinergic signaling should be considered a potential target for thyroid cancer management and treatment.
Collapse
|
21
|
P2Y14 receptor activation decreases interleukin-6 production and glioma GL261 cell proliferation in microglial transwell cultures. J Neurooncol 2017; 137:23-31. [PMID: 29189936 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-017-2700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are rich in extracellular nucleotides that modulate glioma cell production of multiple cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6, which strongly contributes to glioma cell proliferation. However, little is known about how nucleotide signaling modulates microglial/macrophage (MG/MP) cytokine production in the context of gliomas, nor how MG/MP purinergic P2 receptor expression changes in the tumor micro-environment. We hypothesized that: (1) expression of key P2Y receptors will be augmented in glioma-derived MG/MP, and (2) selective activation of these receptors in vitro will regulate microglial production of IL-6 and glioma cell proliferation. We tested these hypotheses using the murine GL261 glioma model. Compared to MG/MP isolated from the normal brain tissue, CD11b+ cells isolated from GL261 tumors expressed higher levels of several P2 receptors, including P2Y14 receptors. To evaluate microglial P2Y14 receptor function in the context of tumor cells, we first cultured N9 microglia in transwells with GL261 cells and found that microglial P2Y14 mRNA levels were similarly increased in transwell cultures. GL261 cells did not express detectable P2Y14 levels either when they were cultured alone or in transwell cultures with N9 cells. Selective P2Y14 receptor activation with UDP-glucose (UDPG) did not affect IL-6 levels in either cell type cultured alone, but in transwell cultures, UDPG decreased IL-6 protein levels in the medium. Application of conditioned medium from UDPG-treated microglia reduced GL261 cell proliferation. Together, these data suggest that P2Y14 receptors may be a key a receptor involved in glioma cell-MG/MP communication in the tumor environment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang X, Li Y, Qian Y, Cao Y, Shriwas P, Zhang H, Chen X. Extracellular ATP, as an energy and phosphorylating molecule, induces different types of drug resistances in cancer cells through ATP internalization and intracellular ATP level increase. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87860-87877. [PMID: 29152126 PMCID: PMC5675678 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are able to uptake extracellular ATP (eATP) via macropinocytosis to elevate intracellular ATP (iATP) levels, enhancing their survival in drug treatment. However, the involved drug resistance mechanisms are unknown. Here we investigated the roles of eATP as either an energy or a phosphorylating molecule in general drug resistance mediated by ATP internalization and iATP elevation. We report that eATP increased iATP levels and promoted drug resistance to various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and chemo-drugs in human cancer cell lines of five cancer types. In A549 lung cancer cells, the resistance was downregulated by macropinocytosis inhibition or siRNA knockdown of PAK1, an essential macropinocytosis enzyme. The elevated iATP upregulated the efflux activity of ABC transporters in A549 and SK-Hep-1 cells as well as phosphorylation of PDGFRα and proteins in the PDGFR-mediated Akt-mTOR and Raf-MEK signaling pathways in A549 cells. Similar phosphorylation upregulations were found in A549 tumors. These results demonstrate that eATP induces different types of drug resistance by eATP internalization and iATP elevation, implicating the ATP-rich tumor microenvironment in cancer drug resistance, expanding our understanding of the roles of eATP in the Warburg effect and offering new anticancer drug resistance targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Yunsheng Li
- The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Yanrong Qian
- The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Yanyang Cao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Pratik Shriwas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Xiaozhuo Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,The Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bergamin LS, Figueiró F, Dietrich F, Manica FDM, Filippi-Chiela EC, Mendes FB, Jandrey EHF, Lopes DV, Oliveira FH, Nascimento IC, Ulrich H, Battastini AMO. Interference of ursolic acid treatment with glioma growth: An in vitro and in vivo study. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 811:268-275. [PMID: 28663034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most devastating tumor in the brain. Ursolic acid (UA) is found in a variety of plants, and exhibits several pharmacological activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of UA in vitro, clarifying the mechanisms that mediate its toxicity and the long-lasting actions of UA in C6 glioma cells. We also evaluated the antitumor activity of UA in an in vivo orthotopic glioma model. Cell numbers were assessed using the Trypan blue exclusion test, and the cell cycle was characterized by flow cytometry using propidium iodide staining. Apoptosis was analyzed using an Annexin V kit and by examining caspase-3. Akt immunocontent was verified by Western blot and the long-lasting actions of UA were measured by cumulative population doubling (CPD). In vivo experiments were performed in rats to measure the effects on tumor size, malignant features and toxicological parameters. In vitro results showed that UA decreased glioma cell numbers, increased the sub-G1 fraction and induced apoptotic death, accompanied by increased active caspase-3 protein levels. Akt phosphorylation/activation in cells was also diminished by UA. With regard to CPD, cell proliferation was almost completely restored upon single UA treatments, but when the UA was added again, the majority of cells died, demonstrating the importance of re-treatment cycles with chemotherapeutic agents for abolishing tumor growth. In vivo, ursolic acid slightly reduced glioma tumor size but did not decrease malignant features. Ursolic acid may be a potential candidate as an adjuvant for glioblastoma therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Scussel Bergamin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Dietrich
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Mattos Manica
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Filippi-Chiela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Franciane Brackman Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francine H Oliveira
- Serviço de Patologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Isis C Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Martin S, Dudek-Peric AM, Garg AD, Roose H, Demirsoy S, Van Eygen S, Mertens F, Vangheluwe P, Vankelecom H, Agostinis P. An autophagy-driven pathway of ATP secretion supports the aggressive phenotype of BRAF V600E inhibitor-resistant metastatic melanoma cells. Autophagy 2017; 13:1512-1527. [PMID: 28722539 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1332550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The ingrained capacity of melanoma cells to rapidly evolve toward an aggressive phenotype is manifested by their increased ability to develop drug-resistance, evident in the case of vemurafenib, a therapeutic-agent targeting BRAFV600E. Previous studies indicated a tight correlation between heightened melanoma-associated macroautophagy/autophagy and acquired Vemurafenib resistance. However, how this vesicular trafficking pathway supports Vemurafenib resistance remains unclear. Here, using isogenic human and murine melanoma cell lines of Vemurafenib-resistant and patient-derived melanoma cells with primary resistance to the BRAFV600E inhibitor, we found that the enhanced migration and invasion of the resistant melanoma cells correlated with an enhanced autophagic capacity and autophagosome-mediated secretion of ATP. Extracellular ATP (eATP) was instrumental for the invasive phenotype and the expansion of a subset of Vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells. Compromising the heightened autophagy in these BRAFV600E inhibitor-resistant melanoma cells through the knockdown of different autophagy genes (ATG5, ATG7, ULK1), reduced their invasive and eATP-secreting capacity. Furthermore, eATP promoted the aggressive nature of the BRAFV600E inhibitor-resistant melanoma cells by signaling through the purinergic receptor P2RX7. This autophagy-propelled eATP-dependent autocrine-paracrine pathway supported the maintenance and expansion of a drug-resistant melanoma phenotype. In conclusion, we have identified an autophagy-driven response that relies on the secretion of ATP to drive P2RX7-based migration and expansion of the Vemurafenib-resistant phenotype. This emphasizes the potential of targeting autophagy in the treatment and management of metastatic melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Martin
- a Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg , Leuven , Belgium.,b Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven , Belgium
| | - Aleksandra M Dudek-Peric
- a Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- a Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Heleen Roose
- c Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Stem Cell Biology and Embryology , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven , Belgium
| | - Seyma Demirsoy
- a Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Sofie Van Eygen
- a Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Freya Mertens
- c Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Stem Cell Biology and Embryology , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven , Belgium
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- b Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven , Belgium
| | - Hugo Vankelecom
- c Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Stem Cell Biology and Embryology , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven , Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- a Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Campus Gasthuisberg , Leuven , Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Biasibetti E, Valazza A, Capucchio MT, Annovazzi L, Battaglia L, Chirio D, Gallarate M, Mellai M, Muntoni E, Peira E, Riganti C, Schiffer D, Panciani P, Lanotte M. Comparison of Allogeneic and Syngeneic Rat Glioma Models by Using MRI and Histopathologic Evaluation. Comp Med 2017; 67:147-156. [PMID: 28381315 PMCID: PMC5402734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Research in neurooncology traditionally requires appropriate in vivo animal models, on which therapeutic strategies are tested before human trials are designed and proceed. Several reproducible animal experimental models, in which human physiologic conditions can be mimicked, are available for studying glioblastoma multiforme. In an ideal rat model, the tumor is of glial origin, grows in predictable and reproducible patterns, closely resembles human gliomas histopathologically, and is weakly or nonimmunogenic. In the current study, we used MRI and histopathologic evaluation to compare the most widely used allogeneic rat glioma model, C6-Wistar, with the F98-Fischer syngeneic rat glioma model in terms of percentage tumor growth or regression and growth rate. In vivo MRI demonstrated considerable variation in tumor volume and frequency between the 2 rat models despite the same stereotactic implantation technique. Faster and more reproducible glioma growth occurred in the immunoresponsive environment of the F98-Fischer model, because the immune response is minimized toward syngeneic cells. The marked inability of the C6-Wistar allogeneic system to generate a reproducible model and the episodes of spontaneous tumor regression with this system may have been due to the increased humoral and cellular immune responses after tumor implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Biasibetti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Alberto Valazza
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Maria T Capucchio
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy;,
| | - Laura Annovazzi
- NeuroBioOncology Center, Polyclinic of Monza, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Departments of Science and Pharmaceutical Technology , University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Chirio
- Departments of Science and Pharmaceutical Technology , University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marina Gallarate
- Departments of Science and Pharmaceutical Technology , University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Mellai
- NeuroBioOncology Center, Polyclinic of Monza, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Muntoni
- Departments of Science and Pharmaceutical Technology , University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Peira
- Departments of Science and Pharmaceutical Technology , University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Davide Schiffer
- NeuroBioOncology Center, Polyclinic of Monza, Vercelli, Italy
| | | | - Michele Lanotte
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Morrone FB, Gehring MP, Nicoletti NF. Calcium Channels and Associated Receptors in Malignant Brain Tumor Therapy. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:403-9. [PMID: 27418672 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.103770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors are highly lethal and aggressive. Despite recent advances in the current therapies, which include the combination of surgery and radio/chemotherapy, the average survival rate remains poor. Altered regulation of ion channels is part of the neoplastic transformation, which suggests that ion channels are involved in cancer. Distinct classes of calcium-permeable channels are abnormally expressed in cancer and are likely involved in the alterations underlying malignant growth. Specifically, cytosolic Ca(2+) activity plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, and Ca(2+) signaling is altered in proliferating tumor cells. A series of previous studies emphasized the importance of the T-type low-voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) in different cancer types, including gliomas, and remarkably, pharmacologic inhibition of T-type VGCC caused antiproliferative effects and triggered apoptosis of human glioma cells. Other calcium permeable channels, such as transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, contribute to changes in Ca(2+) by modulating the driving force for Ca(2+) entry, and some TRP channels are required for proliferation and migration in gliomas. Furthermore, recent evidence shows that TRP channels contribute to the progression and survival of the glioblastoma patients. Likewise, the purinergic P2X7 receptor acts as a direct conduit for Ca(2+)-influx and an indirect activator of voltage-gated Ca(2+)-channel. Evidence also shows that P2X7 receptor activation is linked to elevated expression of inflammation promoting factors, tumor cell migration, an increase in intracellular mobilization of Ca(2+), and membrane depolarization in gliomas. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent findings on calcium channels and associated receptors as potential targets to treat malignant gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda B Morrone
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (F.B.M., M.P.G., N.F.N), Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Farmácia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do RS, Porto Alegre (F.B.M.); Laboratório de Terapia Celular, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul (N.F.N.), Brasil
| | - Marina P Gehring
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (F.B.M., M.P.G., N.F.N), Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Farmácia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do RS, Porto Alegre (F.B.M.); Laboratório de Terapia Celular, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul (N.F.N.), Brasil
| | - Natália F Nicoletti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (F.B.M., M.P.G., N.F.N), Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Farmácia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do RS, Porto Alegre (F.B.M.); Laboratório de Terapia Celular, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul (N.F.N.), Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bergamin LS, Braganhol E, Figueiró F, Casali EA, Zanin RF, Sévigny J, Battastini AMO. Involvement of purinergic system in the release of cytokines by macrophages exposed to glioma-conditioned medium. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:721-9. [PMID: 25546398 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are involved in cancer progression. M1 macrophages have an antitumor effect, whereas M2 phenotype are associated with tumor growth. The progression of gliomas involves the participation of an inflammatory microenvironment. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can act as pro-inflammatory signal, whereas adenosine has opposite properties. The biological effects of extracellular nucleotides/nucleosides mediated by purinergic receptors are controlled by ectonucleotidases. In the present work, we evaluated whether glioma-conditioned medium (GL-CM) modulates macrophage differentiation and the participation of ATP and adenosine in the release of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines by these cells. The results show that macrophages exposed to GL-CM were modulated to an M2-like phenotype. HPLC analysis of GL-CM demonstrated the presence of significant amounts of ATP and its metabolites. Macrophages exposed to GL-CM presented decreased ATP and AMP hydrolysis and increased IL-10 and MCP-1 secretion, effects that were diminished by P1 or P2 antagonists. GL-CM did not alter the release of IL-6 by macrophages, although treatment with ATP promoted an increase in the release of IL-6, which was prevented by a P2X7 antagonist. In summary, we found that A2A and P2X7 activation is necessary for IL-10, MCP-1, and IL-6 release by macrophages exposed to GL-CM, which, in turn, modulates the macrophages to M2-phenotype. The present study establishes a relationship between M2-like polarization, cytokine release and purinergic receptor activation in macrophages exposed to GL-CM. Therefore, the data presented herein contributes to advancing in the field of cancer-related inflammation and point specific purinergic receptors as targets for modulation of the phenotype of glioma-associated macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Scussel Bergamin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gehring MP, Kipper F, Nicoletti NF, Sperotto ND, Zanin R, Tamajusuku ASK, Flores DG, Meurer L, Roesler R, Filho AB, Lenz G, Campos MM, Morrone FB. P2X7 receptor as predictor gene for glioma radiosensitivity and median survival. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 68:92-100. [PMID: 26358881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered the most lethal intracranial tumor and the median survival time is approximately 14 months. Although some glioma cells present radioresistance, radiotherapy has been the mainstay of therapy for patients with malignant glioma. The activation of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is responsible for ATP-induced death in various cell types. In this study, we analyzed the importance of ATP-P2X7R pathway in the radiotherapy response P2X7R silenced cell lines, in vivo and human tumor samples. Both glioma cell lines used in this study present a functional P2X7R and the P2X7R silencing reduced P2X7R pore activity by ethidium bromide uptake. Gamma radiation (2Gy) treatment reduced cell number in a P2X7R-dependent way, since both P2X7R antagonist and P2X7R silencing blocked the cell cytotoxicity caused by irradiation after 24h. The activation of P2X7R is time-dependent, as EtBr uptake significantly increased after 24h of irradiation. The radiotherapy plus ATP incubation significantly increased annexin V incorporation, compared with radiotherapy alone, suggesting that ATP acts synergistically with radiotherapy. Of note, GL261 P2X7R silenced-bearing mice failed in respond to radiotherapy (8Gy) and GL261 WT-bearing mice, that constitutively express P2X7R, presented a significant reduction in tumor volume after radiotherapy, showing in vivo that functional P2X7R expression is essential for an efficient radiotherapy response in gliomas. We also showed that a high P2X7R expression is a good prognostic factor for glioma radiosensitivity and survival probability in humans. Our data revealed the relevance of P2X7R expression in glioma cells to a successful radiotherapy response, and shed new light on this receptor as a useful predictor of the sensitivity of cancer patients to radiotherapy and median survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina P Gehring
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Franciele Kipper
- Laboratório de Sinalização e Plasticidade Celular, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Natália F Nicoletti
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia D Sperotto
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Zanin
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra S K Tamajusuku
- Laboratório de Sinalização e Plasticidade Celular, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Debora G Flores
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Luise Meurer
- Departamento de Patologia, HCPA, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90420-010 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neural Tumor Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, Sala 202, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Aroldo B Filho
- Serviço de Radioterapia, Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Guido Lenz
- Laboratório de Sinalização e Plasticidade Celular, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Maria M Campos
- PUCRS, Instituto de Toxicologia e Farmacologia e Faculdade de Odontologia, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda B Morrone
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
P2X and P2Y receptors—role in the pathophysiology of the nervous system. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23672-704. [PMID: 25530618 PMCID: PMC4284787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signalling plays a crucial role in proper functioning of the nervous system. Mechanisms depending on extracellular nucleotides and their P2 receptors also underlie a number of nervous system dysfunctions. This review aims to present the role of purinergic signalling, with particular focus devoted to role of P2 family receptors, in epilepsy, depression, neuropathic pain, nervous system neoplasms, such as glioma and neuroblastoma, neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. The above-mentioned conditions are associated with changes in expression of extracellular ectonucleotidases, P2X and P2Y receptors in neurons and glial cells, as well as releasing considerable amounts of nucleotides from activated or damaged nervous tissue cells into the extracellular space, which contributes to disturbance in purinergic signalling. The numerous studies indicate a potential possibility of using synthetic agonists/antagonists of P2 receptors in treatment of selected nervous system diseases. This is of particular significance, since numerous available agents reveal a low effectiveness and often produce side effects.
Collapse
|
30
|
Braganhol E, Kukulski F, Lévesque SA, Fausther M, Lavoie EG, Zanotto-Filho A, Bergamin LS, Pelletier J, Bahrami F, Ben Yebdri F, Fonseca Moreira JC, Battastini AMO, Sévigny J. Nucleotide receptors control IL-8/CXCL8 and MCP-1/CCL2 secretions as well as proliferation in human glioma cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:120-30. [PMID: 25445541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioma cells release cytokines to stimulate inflammation that facilitates cell proliferation. Here, we show that Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment could induce glioma cells to proliferate and this process was dependent on nucleotide receptor activation as well as interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8) secretion. We observed that extracellular nucleotides controlled IL-8/CXCL8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1/CCL2) release by U251MG and U87MG human glioma cell lines via P2X7 and P2Y6 receptor activation. The LPS-induced release of these cytokines was also modulated by purinergic receptor activation since IL-8 and MCP-1 release was decreased by the nucleotide scavenger apyrase as well as by the pharmacological P2Y6 receptor antagonists suramin and MRS2578. In agreement with these observations, the knockdown of P2Y6 expression decreased LPS-induced IL-8 release as well as the spontaneous release of IL-8 and MCP-1, suggesting an endogenous basal release of nucleotides. Moreover, high millimolar concentrations of ATP increased IL-8 and MCP-1 release by the glioma cells stimulated with suboptimal LPS concentration which were blocked by P2X7 and P2Y6 antagonists. Altogether, these data suggest that extracellular nucleotides control glioma growth via P2 receptor-dependent IL-8 and MCP-1 secretions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizandra Braganhol
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Filip Kukulski
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Sébastien A Lévesque
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Michel Fausther
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Elise G Lavoie
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Alfeu Zanotto-Filho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leticia S Bergamin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julie Pelletier
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Fariborz Bahrami
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Fethia Ben Yebdri
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | | | - Ana Maria O Battastini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bensalma S, Chadeneau C, Legigan T, Renoux B, Gaillard A, de Boisvilliers M, Pinet-Charvet C, Papot S, Muller JM. Evaluation of cytotoxic properties of a cyclopamine glucuronide prodrug in rat glioblastoma cells and tumors. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 55:51-61. [PMID: 25280457 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0395-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Activation of the developmental hedgehog (Hh) pathway is observed in GBM, particularly in the so-called glioma stem cells (GSCs). An inhibitor of this pathway is the steroidal alkaloid cyclopamine, an antagonist of the Hh coreceptor Smoothened (SMO). To limit the toxicity of cyclopamine toward Hh-dependent non-tumor cells, our group previously reported the synthesis of a prodrug (called 1b), designed to deliver cyclopamine in the presence of β-glucuronidase, an enzyme found in the necrotic area of GBM. Here, we aimed to analyze the in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo cytotoxic properties of this prodrug in the C6 rat GBM cells. In the presence of β-glucuronidase, the activated prodrug 1b was toxic and downregulated expression of Gli1, a Hh target gene, in C6 cells and C6-GSCs, but not in normal rat astrocytes in which the Hh pathway is weakly activated. In the absence of β-glucuronidase, prodrug 1b displayed no obvious toxicity toward rat brain tissue explants while cyclopamine clearly affected brain tissue viability. When administered to rats bearing fluorescent C6-derived GBM, the prodrug 1b reduced the tumor density more efficiently than cyclopamine. Prodrug 1b thus appears as a promising concept to optimize confinement of cyclopamine cytotoxicity within the tumors, with more limited effects in the surrounding normal brain tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souheyla Bensalma
- "Récepteurs, Régulations et Cellules Tumorales" (2RCT) Group, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, 86022, Poitiers, France.,CNRS FRE 3511, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Corinne Chadeneau
- "Récepteurs, Régulations et Cellules Tumorales" (2RCT) Group, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, 86022, Poitiers, France.,CNRS FRE 3511, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Thibaut Legigan
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers, UMR-CNRS 7285, 4 Rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Brigitte Renoux
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers, UMR-CNRS 7285, 4 Rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Afsaneh Gaillard
- Laboratoire des Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques (LNEC), Université de Poitiers, INSERM U 1084, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Madryssa de Boisvilliers
- "Récepteurs, Régulations et Cellules Tumorales" (2RCT) Group, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, 86022, Poitiers, France.,CNRS FRE 3511, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Caroline Pinet-Charvet
- CNRS FRE 3511, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Sébastien Papot
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers, UMR-CNRS 7285, 4 Rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean Marc Muller
- "Récepteurs, Régulations et Cellules Tumorales" (2RCT) Group, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, 86022, Poitiers, France. .,CNRS FRE 3511, Université de Poitiers, 1 Rue Georges Bonnet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ibrahim M, Wang X, Puyo CA, Montecalvo A, Huang HJ, Hachem RR, Andreetti C, Menna C, Chen R, Krupnick AS, Kreisel D, Rendina EA, Gelman AE. Human recombinant apyrase therapy protects against canine pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014; 34:247-53. [PMID: 25455749 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is accumulating evidence that extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) promotes many of the underlying mechanisms that exacerbate acute lung injury. However, much of these data are from inbred rodent models, indicating the need for further investigation in higher vertebrates to better establish clinical relevance. To this end we evaluated a human recombinant apyrase therapy in a canine warm pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model and measured eATP levels in human lung recipients with or without primary lung graft dysfunction (PGD). METHODS Warm ischemia was induced for 90 minutes in the left lung of 14 mongrel dogs. Seven minutes after reperfusion, the apyrase APT102 (1 mg/kg, n = 7) or saline vehicle (n = 7) was injected into the pulmonary artery. Arterial blood gases were obtained every 30 minutes up to 180 minutes after reperfusion. Bronchioalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed for eATP concentration, cellularity, and inflammatory mediator accumulation. Thirty bilateral human lung transplant recipients were graded for immediate early PGD and assessed for BALF eATP levels. RESULTS APT102-treated dogs had progressively better lung function and less pulmonary edema during the 3-hour reperfusion period compared with vehicle-treated controls. Protection from IRI was observed, with lower BALF eATP levels, fewer airway leukocytes, and blunted inflammatory mediator expression. Human lung recipients with moderate to severe PGD had significantly higher eATP levels compared with recipients without this injury. CONCLUSIONS Extracellular ATP accumulates in acutely injured canine and human lungs. Strategies that target eATP reduction may help protect lung recipients from IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ibrahim
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Xingan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Alessandro Montecalvo
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | | | | | - Cecilia Menna
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alexander S Krupnick
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Erino A Rendina
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrew E Gelman
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Burnstock G, Di Virgilio F. Purinergic signalling and cancer. Purinergic Signal 2014; 9:491-540. [PMID: 23797685 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-013-9372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptors for extracellular nucleotides are widely expressed by mammalian cells. They mediate a large array of responses ranging from growth stimulation to apoptosis, from chemotaxis to cell differentiation and from nociception to cytokine release, as well as neurotransmission. Pharma industry is involved in the development and clinical testing of drugs selectively targeting the different P1 nucleoside and P2 nucleotide receptor subtypes. As described in detail in the present review, P2 receptors are expressed by all tumours, in some cases to a very high level. Activation or inhibition of selected P2 receptor subtypes brings about cancer cell death or growth inhibition. The field has been largely neglected by current research in oncology, yet the evidence presented in this review, most of which is based on in vitro studies, although with a limited amount from in vivo experiments and human studies, warrants further efforts to explore the therapeutic potential of purinoceptor targeting in cancer.
Collapse
|
34
|
Pereira MSL, Zenki K, Cavalheiro MM, Thomé CC, Filippi-Chiela EC, Lenz G, de Souza DOG, de Oliveira DL. Cellular senescence induced by prolonged subculture adversely affects glutamate uptake in C6 lineage. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:973-84. [PMID: 24706093 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several researchers have recently used C6 cells to evaluate functional properties of high-affinity glutamate transporters. However, it has been demonstrated that this lineage suffers several morphological and biochemical alterations according to the number of passages in culture. Currently, there are no reports showing whether functional properties of high-affinity glutamate transporters comply with these sub culturing-dependent modifications. The present study aimed to compare the functional properties of high-affinity glutamate transporters expressed in early (EPC6) and late (LPC6) passage C6 cells through a detailed pharmacological and biochemical characterization. Between 60-180 min of L-[(3)H]glu incubation, LPC6 presented an intracellular [(3)H] 55% lower than EPC6. Both cultures showed a time-dependent increase of intracellular [(3)H] reaching maximal levels at 120 min. Cultures incubated with D-[(3)H]asp showed a time-dependent increase of [(3)H] until 180 min. Moreover, LPC6 have a D-[(3)H]asp-derived intracellular [(3)H] 30-45% lower than EPC6 until 120 min. Only EAAT3 was immunodetected in cultures and its total content was equal between them. PMA-stimulated EAAT3 trafficking to membrane increased 50% of L-[(3)H]glu-derived intracellular [(3)H] in EPC6 and had no effect in LPC6. LPC6 displayed characteristics that resemble senescence, such as high β-Gal staining, cell enlargement and increase of large and regular nuclei. Our results demonstrated that LPC6 exhibited glutamate uptake impairment, which may have occurred due to its inability to mobilize EAAT3 to cell membrane. This profile might be related to senescent process observed in this culture. Our results suggest that LPC6 cells are an inappropriate glial cellular model to investigate the functional properties of high-affinity glutamate transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mery Stéfani Leivas Pereira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 prédio anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jevtić P, Levy DL. Mechanisms of nuclear size regulation in model systems and cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 773:537-69. [PMID: 24563365 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-8032-8_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Changes in nuclear size have long been used by cytopathologists as an important parameter to diagnose, stage, and prognose many cancers. Mechanisms underlying these changes and functional links between nuclear size and malignancy are largely unknown. Understanding mechanisms of nuclear size regulation and the physiological significance of proper nuclear size control will inform the interplay between altered nuclear size and oncogenesis. In this chapter we review what is known about molecular mechanisms of nuclear size control based on research in model experimental systems including yeast, Xenopus, Tetrahymena, Drosophila, plants, mice, and mammalian cell culture. We discuss how nuclear size is influenced by DNA ploidy, nuclear structural components, cytoplasmic factors and nucleocytoplasmic transport, the cytoskeleton, and the extracellular matrix. Based on these mechanistic insights, we speculate about how nuclear size might impact cell physiology and whether altered nuclear size could contribute to cancer development and progression. We end with some outstanding questions about mechanisms and functions of nuclear size regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Jevtić
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA,
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zamin LL, Filippi-Chiela EC, Vargas J, Demartini DR, Meurer L, Souza AP, Bonorino C, Salbego C, Lenz G. Quercetin promotes glioma growth in a rat model. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 63:205-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
37
|
Xu S, Shao QQ, Sun JT, Yang N, Xie Q, Wang DH, Huang QB, Huang B, Wang XY, Li XG, Qu X. Synergy between the ectoenzymes CD39 and CD73 contributes to adenosinergic immunosuppression in human malignant gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:1160-72. [PMID: 23737488 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of ectoenzymes CD39 and CD73 in mediating adenosinergic immunosuppression has been recognized, but their roles in human malignant glioma-associated immunosuppression remain largely unknown. METHODS In this study, the ectoenzyme characteristics of malignant glioma cells and infiltrating CD4(+) T lymphocytes isolated from newly diagnosed malignant glioma patients were investigated. The ectoenzyme activities of both cell populations were determined by nucleotide hydrolysis assay. The immunosuppressive property of the CD39-CD73 synergic effect was evaluated via responder T-cell proliferation assay. RESULTS We observed that CD39(-)CD73(+) glioma cells and infiltrating CD4(+)CD39(high)CD73(low) T lymphocytes exhibited 2 distinct but complementary ectoenzyme phenotypes, which were further verified by enzyme activity assay. The nucleotide hydrolysis cascade was incomplete unless CD39 derived from T lymphocytes and CD73 collaborated synergistically. We demonstrated that increased suppression of responder CD4(+) T-cell proliferation suppression was induced by CD4(+)CD39(+) T cells in the presence of CD73(+) glioma cells, which could be alleviated by the CD39 inhibitor ARL67156, the CD73 inhibitor APCP, or the adenosine receptor A2aR antagonist SCH58261. In addition, survival analysis suggested that CD73 downregulation was a positive prognostic factor related to the extended disease-free survival of glioblastoma patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that glioma-derived CD73 contributes to local adenosine-mediated immunosuppression in synergy with CD39 from infiltrating CD4(+)CD39(+) T lymphocytes, which could become a potential therapeutic target for treatment of malignant glioma and other immunosuppressive diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Purinergic signaling in glioma progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 986:81-102. [PMID: 22879065 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4719-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Among the pathological alterations that give tumor cells invasive potential, purinergic signaling is emerging as an important component. Studies performed in in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo glioma models indicate that alterations in the purinergic signaling are involved in the progression of these tumors. Gliomas have low expression of all E-NTPDases, when compared to astrocytes in culture. Nucleotides induce glioma proliferation and ATP, although potentially neurotoxic, does not evoke cytotoxic action on the majority of glioma cells in culture. The importance of extracellular ATP for glioma pathobiology was confirmed by the reduction in glioma tumor size by apyrase, which degrades extracellular ATP to AMP, and the striking increase in tumor size by over-expression of an ecto-enzyme that degrades ATP to ADP, suggesting the effect of extracellular ATP on the tumor growth depends on the nucleotide produced by its degradation. The participation of purinergic receptors on glioma progression, particularly P2X(7), is involved in the resistance to ATP-induced cell death. Although more studies are necessary, the purinergic signaling, including ectonucleotidases and receptors, may be considered as future target for glioma pharmacological or gene therapy.
Collapse
|
39
|
da Silva AC, Cabral FR, Mamani JB, Malheiros JM, Polli RS, Tannus A, Vidoto E, Martins MJ, Sibov TT, Pavon LF, Miyaki LAM, Cárdenas WHZ, Malheiros SMF, Brandt RA, Amaro Júnior E, Gamarra LF. Tumor growth analysis by magnetic resonance imaging of the C6 glioblastoma model with prospects for the assessment of magnetohyperthermia therapy. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2012; 10:11-5. [PMID: 23045819 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-45082012000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to establish a pattern of tumor growth of the C6 model of glioblastoma multiform in Wistar rats via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the subsequent verification of tumor volume reduction due to magnetic hyperthermia therapy. METHODS Young male Wistar rats weighing between 250 and 300 g were used for the C6 model. After the rats were anesthetized (55 mg/ kg ketamine and 11 mg/kg xylazine), C6 lineage tumorigenic cells suspended in culture medium (10(5) cells in 10 microl) were stereotaxically injected into the right frontal cortex (bregma coordinates: 2.0 mm anteroposterior, 3.0 mm laterolateral, and 2.5 mm depth) of the rats using a Hamilton syringe. For the control group, the rats were injected with culture medium without cells. MRI scans were performed at 14, 21, and 28 d after the injection using a 2.0 T MRI scanner (Bruker BioSpec, Germany). The animals were anesthetized with 55 mg/kg ketamine and 11 mg/kg xylazine before being examined. Coronal multilayers were acquired using a standard spin echo sequence with the following parameters: repetition/echo time = 4.000 ms/67.1 ms, field of view = 3.50, matrix = 192, slice thickness = 0.4 mm, and slice separation = 0 mm. RESULTS The MRI analysis enabled a clear visualization of the tumor mass, and it was possible to establish the tumor volume parameters on the various days that were examined. The volume at 14 d after induction was 13.7 +/- 2.5 mm3. On days 21 and 28, the tumor volumes were 31.7 +/- 6.5 mm3 and 122.1 +/- 11.8 mm3, respectively. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that it is possible to evaluate the C6 model tumor volume in rats, which will allow for the future implementation and verification of magnetic hyperthermia therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André César da Silva
- Brain Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - HIAE, São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Purines were long thought to be restricted to the intracellular compartment, where they are used for energy transactions, nucleic acid synthesis, and a multiplicity of biochemical reactions. However, it is now clear that both adenosine and adenosine triphosphate are (i) abundant biochemical components of the tumor microenvironment, (ii) potent modulators of immune cell responses and cytokine release, and (iii) key players in host-tumor interaction. Moreover, both ATP and adenosine directly affect tumor cell growth. Adenosine is a powerful immunosuppressant (mainly acting at A2A receptors) and a modulator of cell growth (mainly acting at A3 receptors). ATP is a proinflammatory (acting at P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, and P2Y12, and at P2X4 and P2X7 receptors), an immunosuppressant (acting at P2Y11), and a growth-promoting agent (acting at P2Y1, P2Y2, and P2X7 receptors). This complex signaling network generates an array of inhibitory and stimulatory responses that affect immune cell function, tumor growth, and metastatic dissemination. Investigation of purinergic signaling has increased our understanding of the tumor microenvironment and opened new and exciting avenues for the development of novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ectonucleotidases in tumor cells and tumor-associated immune cells: an overview. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:959848. [PMID: 23118517 PMCID: PMC3477596 DOI: 10.1155/2012/959848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence points out that genetic alteration does not guarantee the development of a tumor and indicates that complex interactions of tumor cells with the microenvironment are fundamental to tumorigenesis. Among the pathological alterations that give tumor cells invasive potential, disruption of inflammatory response and the purinergic signaling are emerging as an important component of cancer progression. Nucleotide/nucleoside receptor-mediated cell communication is orchestrated by ectonucleotidases, which efficiently hydrolyze ATP, ADP, and AMP to adenosine. ATP can act as danger signaling whereas adenosine, acts as a negative feedback mechanism to limit inflammation. Many tumors exhibit alterations in ATP-metabolizing enzymes, which may contribute to the pathological events observed in solid cancer. In this paper, the main changes occurring in the expression and activity of ectonucleotidases in tumor cells as well as in tumor-associated immune cells are discussed. Furthermore, we focus on the understanding of the purinergic signaling primarily as exemplified by research done by the group on gliomas.
Collapse
|
42
|
Smith-Vikos T. A report of the James Watson lecture at Yale University. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 85:417-9. [PMID: 23012589 PMCID: PMC3447206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In March 2012, Nobel Prize winner James Watson gave a seminar at Yale University entitled "Driven by Ideas." In his lecture, Watson discussed his personal vision for the future of science, specifically addressing how the scientific community should approach developing anticancer agents. He discussed the use of glycolytic inhibitors as anticancer agents due to the Warburg effect, as well as the benefits of metformin and anti-inflammatory drugs to help prevent cancer. He also compared drugs that target cell proliferation instead of targeting cell growth. Additionally, Watson commented on the mechanisms for how research should be conducted in the laboratory.
Collapse
|
43
|
Chu SH, Ma YB, Feng DF, Zhang H, Zhu ZA, Li ZQ, Jiang PC. Upregulation of SATB1 is associated with the development and progression of glioma. J Transl Med 2012; 10:149. [PMID: 22839214 PMCID: PMC3492129 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1) has been reported to be expressed in several human cancers and may have malignant potential. This study was aimed at investigating the expression and potential role of SATB1 in human glioma. Method The relationship between SATB1 expression, clinicopathological parameters, Ki67 expression and MGMT promoter methylation status was evaluated, and the prognostic value of SATB1 expression in patients with gliomas was analyzed. SATB1-specific shRNA sequences were synthesized, and U251 cells were transfected with SATB1 RNAi plasmids. Expression of SATB1 mRNA and protein was investigated by RT-PCR and immunofluoresence staining and western blotting. The expression of c-Met, SLC22A18, caspase-3 and bcl-2 protein was determined by western blotting. U251 cell growth and adherence was detected by methyl thiazole tetrazolium assay. The apoptosis of U251 cells was examined with a flow cytometer. The adherence, invasion, and in vitro angiogenesis assays of U251 cells were done. The growth and angiogenesis of SATB1 low expressing U251 cells was measured in an in vivo xenograft model. Results Of 70 tumors, 44 (62.9%) were positive for SATB1 expression. SATB1 expression was significantly associated with a high histological grade and with poor survival in univariate and multivariate analyses. SATB1 expression was also positively correlated with Ki67 expression but negatively with MGMT promoter methylation in glioma tissues. SATB1 shRNA expression vectors could efficiently induce the expression of SLC22A18 protein, increase the caspase-3 protein, inhibit the expression of SATB1, c-Met and bcl-2 protein, the growth, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis of U251 cells, and induce apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, the tumor growth of U251 cells expressing SATB1 shRNA were inhibited in vivo, and immunohistochemical analyses of tumor sections revealed a decreased vessel density in the animals where shRNA against SATB1 were expressed. Conclusions SATB1 may have an important role as a positive regulator of glioma development and progression, and that SATB1 might be a useful molecular marker for predicting the prognosis of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hua Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, NO 3 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mo He Road, Bao Shan District, Shanghai 201900, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
The curry spice curcumin selectively inhibits cancer cells growth in vitro and in preclinical model of glioblastoma. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:591-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
45
|
Gehring MP, Pereira TCB, Zanin RF, Borges MC, Braga Filho A, Battastini AMO, Bogo MR, Lenz G, Campos MM, Morrone FB. P2X7 receptor activation leads to increased cell death in a radiosensitive human glioma cell line. Purinergic Signal 2012; 8:729-39. [PMID: 22644907 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-012-9319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most lethal tumors of central nervous system. ATP is an important signaling molecule in CNS and it is a selective P2X7 purinergic receptor ligand at high concentrations. Herein, we investigated whether the activation of P2X7R might be implicated in death of a radiosensitive human glioma lineage. The effects of P2X7R agonists (ATP and BzATP) and irradiation (2 Gy) on glioma cells were analyzed by MTT assay and annexin-V/PI determination, whereas mRNA and protein P2X7R expression was assessed by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. P2X7R pore formation was functionality examined by analyzing ethidium bromide uptake. The human glioma cells U-138 MG and U-251 MG were resistant to death when treated with either ATP (5 mM) or BzATP (100 μM), but the radiosensitive M059J glioma cells displayed a significant decrease of cell viability (32.4 ± 4.1 % and 25.6 ± 3.3 %, respectively). The M059J lineage expresses significantly higher mRNA P2X7R levels when compared to the U-138 MG and U-251 cell lines (0.40 ± 0.00; 0.28 ± 0.01, and 0.31 ± 0.01, respectively), and irradiation upregulated P2X7R expression (0.55 ± 0.08) in this lineage. Noteworthy, P2X7R protein doubled after irradiation on M059J lineage, and increased in 50 % and 42.6 % when comparing M059J-irradiated to irradiated U-138 MG and U-251 MG cells, respectively. Ethidium bromide uptake was significantly increased in 104 % and 77.8 % when comparing M059J to U-138 MG and U-251MG, respectively. Finally, the selective P2X7R antagonist A740003 significantly decreased the cell death caused by irradiation. We provide novel evidence indicating that M059J human glioma cell line is ATP-P2X7R sensitive, pointing out the relevance of the purinergic P2X7R on glioma radiosensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Petersen Gehring
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Prédio 12C, Sala 148, Partenon, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Franke H, Verkhratsky A, Burnstock G, Illes P. Pathophysiology of astroglial purinergic signalling. Purinergic Signal 2012; 8:629-57. [PMID: 22544529 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-012-9300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are fundamental for central nervous system (CNS) physiology and are the fulcrum of neurological diseases. Astroglial cells control development of the nervous system, regulate synaptogenesis, maturation, maintenance and plasticity of synapses and are central for nervous system homeostasis. Astroglial reactions determine progression and outcome of many neuropathologies and are critical for regeneration and remodelling of neural circuits following trauma, stroke, ischaemia or neurodegenerative disorders. They secrete multiple neurotransmitters and neurohormones to communicate with neurones, microglia and the vascular walls of capillaries. Signalling through release of ATP is the most widespread mean of communication between astrocytes and other types of neural cells. ATP serves as a fast excitatory neurotransmitter and has pronounced long-term (trophic) roles in cell proliferation, growth, and development. During pathology, ATP is released from damaged cells and acts both as a cytotoxic factor and a proinflammatory mediator, being a universal "danger" signal. In this review, we summarise contemporary knowledge on the role of purinergic receptors (P2Rs) in a variety of diseases in relation to changes of astrocytic functions and nucleotide signalling. We have focussed on the role of the ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2YRs working alone or in concert to modify the release of neurotransmitters, to activate signalling cascades and to change the expression levels of ion channels and protein kinases. All these effects are of great importance for the initiation, progression and maintenance of astrogliosis-the conserved and ubiquitous glial defensive reaction to CNS pathologies. We highlighted specific aspects of reactive astrogliosis, especially with respect to the involvement of the P2X(7) and P2Y(1)R subtypes. Reactive astrogliosis exerts both beneficial and detrimental effects in a context-specific manner determined by distinct molecular signalling cascades. Understanding the role of purinergic signalling in astrocytes is critical to identifying new therapeutic principles to treat acute and chronic neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heike Franke
- Rudolf Boehm Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ostertag D, Amundson KK, Lopez Espinoza F, Martin B, Buckley T, Galvão da Silva AP, Lin AH, Valenta DT, Perez OD, Ibañez CE, Chen CI, Pettersson PL, Burnett R, Daublebsky V, Hlavaty J, Gunzburg W, Kasahara N, Gruber HE, Jolly DJ, Robbins JM. Brain tumor eradication and prolonged survival from intratumoral conversion of 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil using a nonlytic retroviral replicating vector. Neuro Oncol 2011; 14:145-59. [PMID: 22070930 PMCID: PMC3266384 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with the most common and aggressive form of high-grade glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, have poor prognosis and few treatment options. In 2 immunocompetent mouse brain tumor models (CT26-BALB/c and Tu-2449-B6C3F1), we showed that a nonlytic retroviral replicating vector (Toca 511) stably delivers an optimized cytosine deaminase prodrug activating gene to the tumor lesion and leads to long-term survival after treatment with 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC). Survival benefit is dose dependent for both vector and 5-FC, and as few as 4 cycles of 5-FC dosing after Toca 511 therapy provides significant survival advantage. In the virally permissive CT26-BALB/c model, spread of Toca 511 to other tissues, particularly lymphoid tissues, is detectable by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) over a wide range of levels. In the Tu-2449-B6C3F1 model, Toca 511 PCR signal in nontumor tissues is much lower, spread is not always observed, and when observed, is mainly detected in lymphoid tissues at low levels. The difference in vector genome spread correlates with a more effective antiviral restriction element, APOBEC3, present in the B6C3F1 mice. Despite these differences, neither strain showed signs of treatment-related toxicity. These data support the concept that, in immunocompetent animals, a replicating retroviral vector carrying a prodrug activating gene (Toca 511) can spread through a tumor mass, leading to selective elimination of the tumor after prodrug administration, without local or systemic pathology. This concept is under investigation in an ongoing phase I/II clinical trial of Toca 511 in combination with 5-FC in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01156584).
Collapse
|
48
|
Overexpression of NTPDase2 in gliomas promotes systemic inflammation and pulmonary injury. Purinergic Signal 2011; 8:235-43. [PMID: 22038661 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-011-9276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common and devastating type of primary brain tumor. Many non-neoplastic cells, including immune cells, comprise the tumor microenvironment where they create a milieu that appears to dictate cancer development. ATP and the phosphohydrolytic products ADP and adenosine by activating P2 and P1 receptors may participate in these interactions among malignant and immune cells. Purinergic receptor-mediated cell communication is closely regulated by ectonucleotidases, such as by members of the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) family, which hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides. We have shown that gliomas, unlike astrocytes, exhibit low NTPDase activity. Furthermore, ATP induces glioma cell proliferation and the co-administration of apyrase decreases progression of injected cells in vivo. We have previously shown that NTPDase2 reconstitution dramatically increases tumor growth in vivo. Here we evaluated whether NTPDase2 reconstitution to gliomas modulates systemic inflammatory responses. We observed that NTPDase2 overexpression modulated pro-inflammatory cytokine production and platelet reactivity. Additionally, pathological alterations in the lungs were observed in rats bearing these tumors. Our results suggest that disruption of purinergic signaling via ADP accumulation creates an inflammatory state that may promote tumor spread and dictate clinical progression.
Collapse
|
49
|
Häusler SFM, Montalbán del Barrio I, Strohschein J, Chandran PA, Engel JB, Hönig A, Ossadnik M, Horn E, Fischer B, Krockenberger M, Heuer S, Seida AA, Junker M, Kneitz H, Kloor D, Klotz KN, Dietl J, Wischhusen J. Ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 on OvCA cells are potent adenosine-generating enzymes responsible for adenosine receptor 2A-dependent suppression of T cell function and NK cell cytotoxicity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:1405-18. [PMID: 21638125 PMCID: PMC11028787 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 degrade immune stimulatory ATP to adenosine that inhibits T and NK cell responses via the A(2A) adenosine receptor (ADORA2A). This mechanism is used by regulatory T cells (T(reg)) that are associated with increased mortality in OvCA. Immunohistochemical staining of human OvCA tissue specimens revealed further aberrant expression of CD39 in 29/36 OvCA samples, whereas only 1/9 benign ovaries showed weak stromal CD39 expression. CD73 could be detected on 31/34 OvCA samples. While 8/9 benign ovaries also showed CD73 immunoreactivity, expression levels were lower than in tumour specimens. Infiltration by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells was enhanced in tumour specimens and significantly correlated with CD39 and CD73 levels on stromal, but not on tumour cells. In vitro, human OvCA cell lines SK-OV-3 and OaW42 as well as 11/15 ascites-derived primary OvCA cell cultures expressed both functional CD39 and CD73 leading to more efficient depletion of extracellular ATP and enhanced generation of adenosine as compared to activated T(reg). Functional assays using siRNAs against CD39 and CD73 or pharmacological inhibitors of CD39, CD73 and ADORA2A revealed that tumour-derived adenosine inhibits the proliferation of allogeneic human CD4(+) T cells in co-culture with OvCA cells as well as cytotoxic T cell priming and NK cell cytotoxicity against SK-OV3 or OAW42 cells. Thus, both the ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 and ADORA2A appear as possible targets for novel treatments in OvCA, which may not only affect the function of T(reg) but also relieve intrinsic immunosuppressive properties of tumour and stromal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian F M Häusler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Würzburg, School of Medicine, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 4, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Extracellular ATP reduces tumor sphere growth and cancer stem cell population in glioblastoma cells. Purinergic Signal 2011; 8:39-48. [PMID: 21818572 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-011-9252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive tumor in the CNS and is characterized by having a cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation essential for tumor survival. The purinergic system plays an important role in glioma growth, since adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can induce proliferation of glioma cells, and alteration in extracellular ATP degradation by the use of exogenous nucleotidases dramatically alters the size of gliomas in rats. The aim of this work was to characterize the effect of the purinergic system on glioma CSCs. Human U87 glioma cultures presented tumor spheres that express the markers of glioma cancer stem cells CD133, Oct-4, and Nanog. Messenger RNA of several purinergic receptors were differently expressed in spheres when compared to a cell monolayer not containing spheres. Treatment of human gliomas U87 or U343 as well as rat C6 gliomas with 100 μM of ATP reduced the number of tumor spheres when grown in neural stem cell medium supplemented with epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Moreover, ATP caused a decline in the number of spheres observed in culture in a dose-dependent manner. ATP also reduces the expression of Nanog, as determined by flow cytometry, as well as CD133 and Oct-4, as analyzed by flow cytometry and RT-PCR in U87 cells. The differential expression of purinergic receptor in tumor spheres when compared to adherent cells and the effect of ATP in reducing tumor spheres suggest that the purinergic system affects CSC biology and that ATP may be a potential agonist for differentiation therapy.
Collapse
|