1
|
Prazak M, Bacigalupi R, Hamilton SC. Rural Suicide: Demographics, Causes, and Treatment Implications. Community Ment Health J 2024:10.1007/s10597-024-01327-x. [PMID: 39102059 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Suicide rates in rural areas are higher than urban areas and growing, with current treatment developments only exacerbating this discrepancy. Within individual factors, both age and gender relate to and intersect with personal values related to self-reliance and attitudes toward mental health difficulties and treatment to increase suicide risk. The lethality ubiquitous in rural environments and occupations is a leading factor in rural suicide rates, with other factors such as race alternately noted to be a key factor but with more mixed findings. The cultural values of rural communities as typically negative toward mental health disclosure and treatment contribute to the disengagement of rural communities from treatment that may otherwise prevent suicides, exacerbating the physical lack of treatment access many rural communities experience. Working within the primary care system alongside increased telehealth utilization are suggested to reduce rural suicide rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Prazak
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Community Services, University of North Dakota, 231 Centennial Drive Stop 8255, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
| | - Rachel Bacigalupi
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Community Services, University of North Dakota, 231 Centennial Drive Stop 8255, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Stephen C Hamilton
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Community Services, University of North Dakota, 231 Centennial Drive Stop 8255, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nielsen A, Azra KK, Kim C, Dusing GJ, Chum A. Is the association between sexual minority status and suicide-related behaviours modified by rurality? A discrete-time survival analysis using longitudinal health administrative data. Soc Sci Med 2023; 325:115896. [PMID: 37084702 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While self-reported data shows that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LBG) individuals have a greater suicide-related behaviours (SRB) risk, little is known about how rurality may amplify SRB risk associated with sexual minority status. Sexual minority individuals in rural areas may experience unique stressors due to stigma and a lack of LGB-specific social and mental health services. Using a population-representative sample linked to clinical SRB outcomes, we examined whether rurality modifies the association between sexual minority status and SRB risk. METHODS A nationally representative survey linked to administrative health data was used to construct a cohort of individuals (unweighted n = 169,091; weighted n = 8,778,115) in Ontario, Canada, and captured all SRB-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths between 2007 and 2017. Sex-stratified discrete-time survival analyses were used to examine interactions between rurality and sexual minority status on SRB risk while controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS Sexual minority men had 2.18 times higher SRB odds compared to their heterosexual counterparts (95%CI 1.21-3.91), while sexual minority women had 2.07 times higher odds (95%CI 1.48-2.89) after adjusting for the confounders. The Rurality Index of Ontario and the Index of Remoteness were associated with the odds of SRB in a dose-response manner. No significant interactions were observed between rural and sexual minority status. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that rural and sexual minority status both independently contribute to an elevated likelihood of SRB; however, rurality did not appear to modify SRB risk by sexual orientation. Implementation and evaluation of interventions to reduce SRB in both rural and sexual minority populations are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Nielsen
- Canadian Institute for Health Information, 4110 Yonge St Suite 300, North York, ON M2P 2B7, Canada
| | - Karanpreet Kaur Azra
- Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences, 700 Gordon St, Whitby, Ontario, L1N 5S9, Canada
| | - Chungah Kim
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Gabriel John Dusing
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Antony Chum
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada; Unity Health Toronto, MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, 209 Victoria Street, 3rd floor, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Power K, Cientanni F, Wright C. Social Group Identification as a Predictor of Pretreatment Suicidal Ideation and Intent in those Receiving cCBT: Evidence from a Scottish Primary Care Sample. Arch Suicide Res 2023; 27:107-121. [PMID: 34514951 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2021.1972882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal ideation and intent are strongly linked with suicidal attempts and completions; however, no study to date has explored the predictors of ideation and intent within a sample receiving computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) as an intervention for mild to moderate depression. The current study investigates the impact of social group identification and socioeconomic deprivation, together with a number of important clinical and demographic factors, on suicidal ideation and intent within a Scottish primary care sample. Participants (N = 1062) were recruited from referrals to a cCBT program, "Beating the Blues" (BtB), over a 33-month period. Participants completed three versions of the group identifications scale (GIS), one for each of three groups: family, community, and a social group of choice. Single-item questions on suicidal ideation and intent were delivered through the BtB program, and demographic and clinical information were collected on commencing BtB. More severe psychological distress, fewer group identifications, younger age, and being male, all significantly predicted the presence of suicidal ideations, however only greater severity of psychological distress was associated with more serious suicidal intent. These results provide valuable insight into factors associated with suicidal ideation and intent within a clinical population from a psychosocial, psychopharmacological, and demographic perspective.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu Y, Nam S, Quan L, Baek J, Jeon H, Tang B. Linking suicide and social determinants of health in South Korea: An investigation of structural determinants. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1022790. [PMID: 36388317 PMCID: PMC9641084 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1022790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies have shown that suicide is closely related to various social factors. However, due to the restriction in the data scale, our understanding of these social factors is still limited. We propose a conceptual framework for understanding social determinants of suicide at the national level and investigate the relationships between structural determinants (i.e., gender, employment statuses, and occupation) and suicide outcomes (i.e., types of suicide, places of suicide, suicide methods, and warning signs) in South Korea. Methods We linked a national-level suicide registry from the Korea Psychological Autopsy Center with the Social Determinants of Health framework proposed by the World Health Organization's Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Results First, male and female suicide victims have clear differences in their typical suicide methods (fire vs. drug overdose), primary warning signs (verbal vs. mood), and places of death (suburb vs. home). Second, employees accounted for the largest proportion of murder-suicides (>30%). The proportion of students was much higher for joint suicides than for individual suicides and murder-suicides. Third, among individuals choosing pesticides as their suicide method, over 50% were primary workers. In terms of drug overdoses, professionals and laborers accounted for the largest percentage; the former also constituted the largest proportion in the method of jumping from heights. Conclusion A clear connection exists between the investigated structural factors and various suicide outcomes, with gender, social class, and occupation all impacting suicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Library and Information Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Yongjun Zhu
| | - Seojin Nam
- Department of Library and Information Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Lihong Quan
- Department of Media and Communication, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hongjin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea,Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Buzhou Tang
- Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vuscan ME, Faludi C, Buciuta A, Vica ML, Balici S, Siserman CV, Coman HG, Matei HV. Risk factors for suicidal behavior: A Romanian mixed methods study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 69:567-574. [PMID: 36154324 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221121020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study had two purposes: to explore the main socio-demographic and medical characteristics of the psychiatric patients with a history of suicidal behavior, and to identify the main risk factors underlying the suicidal ideation and acts among psychiatric patients, in the light of two recent theories of suicidal behavior. METHODS The study is based on a mixed methodological design. During 2019 to 2021, 65 hospitalized psychiatric patients, who committed at least one non-lethal suicide attempt, were investigated using a questionnaire a scales for data collection. Medical records were used to gather data about certain socio-demographic characteristics and the health status of the respondents. Patients also participated in a narrative interview aimed at disclosing their subjective experiences about their past suicidal behavior. RESULTS The typical psychiatric patient with a history of suicidal behavior, as highlighted by the quantitative analysis, portraits a young old male from an urban environment, childless, educated, having experienced employment problems, being involved in religious activities. The clinical picture of the patient with suicidal antecedents included a moderate or severe level of depression, the presence of socio-emotional loneliness, the manifestation of frequent and long episodes of suicidal ideation, and the intention of committing suicide in order to stop the pain, whose acts resulted in minor injuries. Findings from the qualitative data revealed four major risk factors for the non-lethal suicidal attempts: family disruptions and social problems; economic burdens; a mixture of psychiatric pathologies; and, to a lesser extent, somatic pathologies. CONCLUSION This study is the first to explore the triggers of suicide acts conducted in a clinical environment in the Balkan region. Implications of the pandemic are also discussed. The findings are useful for designing prevention strategies based on individual psychotherapy and therapeutic or support groups, addressing the main risk factors behind the suicidal ideation and gestures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Elvira Vuscan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Haṭieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Legal Medicine Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Faludi
- Department of Social Work, "Babeṣ Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Buciuta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Haṭieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Laura Vica
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Haṭieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Legal Medicine Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stefana Balici
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Haṭieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Costel Vasile Siserman
- Legal Medicine Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Legal Medicine, Iuliu Haṭieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Horia George Coman
- Department of Medical Psychology, Iuliu Haṭieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Horea Vladi Matei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Haṭieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Legal Medicine Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Disadvantaged by More Than Distance: A Systematic Literature Review of Injury in Rural Australia. SAFETY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/safety8030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rural populations experience injury-related mortality and morbidity rates 1.5 times greater than metropolitan residents. Motivated by a call for stronger epidemiological evidence around rural injuries to inform prevention, a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published between January 2010 and March 2021 was undertaken to explore the epidemiology of rural injury and associated risk factors in Australia. A subsequent aim was to explore definitions of rurality used in injury prevention studies. There were 151 papers included in the review, utilizing 23 unique definitions to describe rurality. People living in rural areas were more likely to be injured, for injuries to be more severe, and for injuries to have greater resulting morbidity than people in metropolitan areas. The increase in severity reflects the mechanism of rural injury, with rural injury events more likely to involve a higher energy exchange. Risk-taking behavior and alcohol consumption were significant risk factors for rural injury, along with rural cluster demographics such as age, sex, high socio-economic disadvantage, and health-related comorbidities. As injury in rural populations is multifactorial and nonhomogeneous, a wide variety of evidence-based strategies are needed. This requires funding, political leadership for policy formation and development, and implementation of evidence-based prevention interventions.
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiong F, Wang L, Shen L, Guo W, Li S, Guan Q. The relationship between multimorbidity and suicidal ideation: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2020; 138:110257. [PMID: 32992210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multimorbidity refers to the individual has two or more medical conditions, which include physical multimorbidity (two or more physical conditions), mental multimorbidity (two or more mental conditions) and physical and mental multimorbidity (one or more mental and one or more physical conditions). This study is to assess the relationship between multimorbidity and suicidal ideation (SI) by conducting a meta-analysis. METHODS Through using subject word and random word, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and PubMed were searched for related records up to March 2020. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality were used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed. The publication bias was evaluated by the funnel plots, Begg's test and Egger's test. RESULTS A total of 19 studies were included for analysis. The pooled odd ratio (OR) for the association between multimorbidity and SI was 2.90 (95%CI 2.29-3.67, P < .001). Subgroup analysis based on nature of study, category of multimorbidity, country, whether adjusted the covariates, and quality ratings was performed. The result of sensitivity analysis indicated that no individual studies had a substantial impact on the pooled OR. There was no publication bias in the studies. CONCLUSIONS Multimorbidity is one important factor in increased risk of SI. It is critical to assessing SI among patients with multimorbidity in primary care and specialty medical practices, particularly among physical and mental multimorbidity patients who may have higher risk of SI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Xiong
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Li Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Lianlian Shen
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Wenhui Guo
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Shixue Li
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Qiangdong Guan
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Factors Affecting Happiness Among Rural Residents: A Cross Sectional Survey. Community Ment Health J 2020; 56:915-924. [PMID: 32020386 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional and descriptive study aimed to investigate factors that affected the happiness of rural residents. The study used a convenience sample consisting of 1029 Korean rural residents from the Gyeong-gi Province collected between November and December 2014. The results found that people aged 60 and over were happier than those between 15 and 19 years old. Happiness was correlated with age, income, violence, social support, subjective health, depression, and suicidal ideation. Factors affecting the happiness of rural residents were depression, social support, suicidal ideation, and age, and these factors explained 48.0% of the variance in happiness. The results demonstrate that the happiness of rural residents was affected by various psychological factors and supportive intervention should be developed to enhance the happiness of people living in rural areas.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang YR, Sun JW, Lin PZ, Zhang HH, Mu GX, Cao FL. Suicidality among young adults: Unique and cumulative roles of 14 different adverse childhood experiences. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2019; 98:104183. [PMID: 31521907 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND College students with suicidal ideation (SI) are at high risk of suicide. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are important risk factors for suicidal behavior. Most research in this area has been restricted to 10 conventional ACEs and suggests negative long-term developmental effects from other common childhood adversities such as peer victimization, peer isolation/rejection, exposure to community violence, and low socioeconomic status. OBJECTIVE To test the unique and cumulative associations of 14 different ACEs with SI among young adults. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Participants were 989 college students from two universities in China's provincial-leveled Hui Autonomous Region. METHODS Associations between ACEs and SI were analyzed by logistic regression. A Chi-square trend test was used to examine the association between cumulative ACEs and SI. RESULTS The rates of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among the cohort were 11.9%, 3.7%, and 1.6%, respectively; 43.9% had experienced at least one ACE. The strongest predictor of SI in adulthood was peer isolation/rejection, followed by emotional neglect, then low socioeconomic status. There was a cumulative effect of ACEs and SI, whereby the greater the number of ACEs, the greater the likelihood of SI. CONCLUSION Peer isolation/rejection, emotional neglect, and low socioeconomic status were associated with increased risk of SI in adulthood. Two (peer isolation/rejection and low socioeconomic status) of the three factors that emerged from the analysis are not typically included in ACEs research. There was a cumulative effect of 14 kinds of ACEs on SI among young adults. Early recognition of risk factors is therefore important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Rong Wang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China; School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ji-Wei Sun
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 E. Daniel St. Champaign, IL, 61820, United States
| | - Ping-Zhen Lin
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China; The First Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China; The Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Guo-Xia Mu
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China; School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Feng-Lin Cao
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, No.44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ge D, Zhang X, Guo X, Chu J, Sun L, Zhou C. Suicidal ideation among the hypertensive individuals in Shandong, China: a path analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:266. [PMID: 31477070 PMCID: PMC6719379 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although massive studies have explored the risk factors of suicidal ideation (SI), the prevalence of SI and its associated factors in the hypertensive individuals are largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with SI in the hypertensive individuals. METHODS Three thousand nine hundred eleven hypertensive individuals in Shandong, China were included in the analysis. SI was assessed by using a question from the NCS (National Comorbidity Survey). We used binary logistic regression analysis to explore the factors associated with SI, and path analysis to test the direct and indirect relationships between associated factors and SI among hypertensive patients. RESULTS The prevalence of SI in the hypertensive individual was19.6%. Psychological distress had the greatest direct (β = 0.640, p-value <0.01) and total effect (β = 0.640, p-value <0.01) on SI. Other factors including comorbidity (β = 0.090, p-value <0.01), gender (β = 0.088, p-value <0.01), marital status (β = - 0.037, p-value <0.01), economic status (β = - 0.106, p-value <0.01), residence (β = - 0.050, p-value <0.01), alcohol use (β = 0.011, p-value <0.01), exercise (β = - 0.114, p-value <0.01), hospitalization (β = 0.041, p-value <0.01) only had indirect effects on SI. Psychological distress was a mediator between SI and those variables. CONCLUSION A significant mediation effect of psychological distress on the associations between SI and some associated factors (i.e., economic status, comorbidity) was demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ge
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Xiaolei Guo
- 0000 0000 8803 2373grid.198530.6Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Chu
- Shandong Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Long Sun
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Chengchao Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China. .,School of Public Health, NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fitzpatrick SJ, Brew BK, Read DMY, Inder KJ, Hayes A, Perkins D. Rethinking Suicide in Rural Australia: A study Protocol for Examining and Applying Knowledge of the Social Determinants to Improve Prevention in Non-Indigenous Populations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162944. [PMID: 31426302 PMCID: PMC6719075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Disproportionate rates of suicide in rural Australia in comparison to metropolitan areas pose a significant public health challenge. The dynamic interrelationship between mental and physical health, social determinants, and suicide in rural Australia is widely acknowledged. Advancement of this knowledge, however, remains hampered by a lack of adequate theory and methods to understand how these factors interact, and the translation of this knowledge into constructive strategies and solutions. This paper presents a protocol for generating a comprehensive dataset of suicide deaths and factors related to suicide in rural Australia, and for building a program of research to improve suicide prevention policy and practice to better address the social determinants of suicide in non-indigenous populations. The two-phased study will use a mixed-methods design informed by intersectionality theory. Phase One will extract, code, and analyse quantitative and qualitative data on suicide in regional and remote Australia from the National Coronial Information System (NCIS). Phase Two will analyse suicide prevention at three interrelated domains: policy, practice, and research, to examine alignment with evidence generated in Phase One. Findings from Phase One and Two will then be integrated to identify key points in suicide prevention policy and practice where action can be initiated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott J Fitzpatrick
- Centre for Rural and Remote Mental Health, The University of Newcastle, PO Box 8043, Orange East, NSW 2800, Australia.
| | - Bronwyn K Brew
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health and National Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, School of Women and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Level 4, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Cnr High & Botany St, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Donna M Y Read
- Centre for Rural and Remote Mental Health, The University of Newcastle, PO Box 8043, Orange East, NSW 2800, Australia
| | - Kerry J Inder
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Alan Hayes
- Family Action Centre, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - David Perkins
- Centre for Rural and Remote Mental Health, The University of Newcastle, PO Box 8043, Orange East, NSW 2800, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Perceval M, Kõlves K, Ross V, Reddy P, De Leo D. Environmental factors and suicide in Australian farmers: A qualitative study. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2019; 74:279-286. [PMID: 29558258 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2018.1453774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Farmers and farm workers have been recognized as a group at high risk of suicide in Australia. This study aims to identify and better understand environmental factors associated with suicide among Australian farmers and farm workers. Qualitative analysis was undertaken in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Male and female focus groups were conducted separately with people who lived or worked on a farm in six farming communities. Qualitative analyses showed that a number of environmental influences may contribute to the increased risk of suicide: extreme climatic events; isolation; service availability; access to, and frequent use of firearms; death and suffering of animals; government and legislation; technology; and property values. Both the physical and socio-cultural environments in which farmers operate appear to contribute to farmer suicide and need to be considered in suicide prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meg Perceval
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Griffith University , Australia
| | - Kairi Kõlves
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Griffith University , Australia
| | - Victoria Ross
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Griffith University , Australia
| | - Prasuna Reddy
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney , Australia
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London , United Kingdom
| | - Diego De Leo
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Griffith University , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Perceval M, Ross V, Kõlves K, Reddy P, De Leo D. Social factors and Australian farmer suicide: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1367. [PMID: 30541526 PMCID: PMC6292011 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farmers and farm workers have been recognised as a group at high risk of suicide in Australia; however this risk is not without geographic and demographic variation. This study aims to identify and better understand the complex interplay of risk and protective factors surrounding farmer suicide, with an emphasis on social influences, so as to inform tailored and effective suicide prevention initiatives. METHODS Focus groups were conducted in three diverse sites across two states in Australia with men and women separately to gain perceptions about suicide risk and protective factors and attitudes towards suicide and help seeking. The three communities in each state represented areas with a suicide rate similar to, above, and below the state average. The communities were also diverse in their population, types of farming, geographic location, distance from and access to services. There were a total of 33 female and 30 male participants. RESULTS Qualitative analysis indicated three major interrelated social factors: (1) changing rural communities, (2) community attitudes and stigma and (3) relationship issues. CONCLUSIONS The biopsycho-ecological model is considered useful to better understand and address social, as well as individual and environmental factors, pertaining to farmer suicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meg Perceval
- National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Mt Gravatt campus, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, Brisbane, QLD 4122 Australia
| | - Victoria Ross
- National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Mt Gravatt campus, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, Brisbane, QLD 4122 Australia
| | - Kairi Kõlves
- National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Mt Gravatt campus, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, Brisbane, QLD 4122 Australia
| | - Prasuna Reddy
- Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Diego De Leo
- National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Mt Gravatt campus, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, Brisbane, QLD 4122 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu Q, Fukasawa M, Kawakami N, Baba T, Sakata K, Suzuki R, Tomita H, Nemoto H, Yasumura S, Yabe H, Horikoshi N, Umeda M, Suzuki Y, Shimoda H, Tachimori H, Takeshima T, Bromet EJ. Cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among adults living in temporary housing during the three years after the Great East Japan Earthquake. J Affect Disord 2018; 232:1-8. [PMID: 29454980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of disasters on suicidality is not known. We aimed to retrospectively determine the cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation during the 3 years after the Great East Japan Earthquake among residents in temporary housing without prior suicidal ideation, as compared to the general population. Moreover, we aimed to identify the risk factors for the onset of suicidal ideation. METHODS A cross-sectional survey involving face-to-face interviews was conducted 3 years after the earthquake with adult community residents in disaster-affected areas and a control area using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0. We compared the cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation between the two areas using the Cox proportional hazard model and examined risk factors for the onset of suicidal ideation using a multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Among 1019 respondents in the disaster-affected areas, the cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation over 1, 2, and 3 years after the earthquake was 1.4%, 2.4%, and 2.8%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in the control area. Not being married, being injured in the disaster, and poor subjective physical health were associated with the onset of suicidal ideation. LIMITATIONS We estimated the time of onset of suicidal ideation based on the respondents' current age and self-reported onset age, which limits the accuracy of the onset timing. CONCLUSIONS We revealed a higher incidence of suicidal ideation in temporary housing residents and identified several risk factors, which suggests the importance of developing countermeasures to prevent suicide after a disaster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Xu
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Psychology, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Maiko Fukasawa
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Baba
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroaki Tomita
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Japan
| | - Harumi Nemoto
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Japan
| | | | - Hirooki Yabe
- Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Maki Umeda
- Graduate School of Nursing Science, St Luke's International University, Japan
| | - Yuriko Suzuki
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | | | - Hisateru Tachimori
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | - Tadashi Takeshima
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Predicting Suicidal Ideation in Adolescent Boys and Girls: The Role of Psychological Maturity, Personality Traits, Depression and Life Satisfaction. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 21:E10. [PMID: 29633678 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2018.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, suicide rates have increased in adolescents and the young population, so these age groups are considered as populations at risk. Considering that suicidal ideation is the first sign of possible future suicide behavior, the objective of this study is to determine the relative importance of psychological maturity, personality, depression and life satisfaction in predicting suicidal ideation in adolescents. Results show that depressive symptoms is the variable that best predicts suicidal ideation, but psychological maturity, life satisfaction and emotional stability are predictors as well (R2 = .51, p < .001). However, the Multigroup Structural Equation Models analyses carried out show that emotional stability has an indirect relationship with suicidal ideation, through its relationship with depressive symptoms, life satisfaction and identity. Two Multigroup Structural Equation Models were proposed to better understand the relationships between these variables for each sex. The results show that the fit of the model that includes the variable Self-reliance is better for boys than for girls (chi-square contributions of 8.175 for girls and 1.978 for boys) unlike the other model (chi-square contributions of 0.288 for girls and 1.650 for boys). These results suggest that the psychological maturity subscale Self-reliance play a role in suicidal ideation in males but not in females. Although there have been no previous studies on the role of psychological maturity as a predictor of suicidal phenomena, the current study suggests that it is a feature to be considered in the prediction of adolescent suicidal ideation.
Collapse
|
16
|
Thompson RG, Alonzo D, Hu MC, Hasin DS. Substance Use Disorders and Poverty as Prospective Predictors of Adult First-Time Suicide Ideation or Attempt in the United States. Community Ment Health J 2017; 53:324-333. [PMID: 27423659 PMCID: PMC5239762 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-016-0045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether substance use disorders (SUD) and poverty predicted first-time suicide ideation or attempt in United States national data. Respondents without prior histories of suicide ideation or attempt at Wave 1 of the NESARC (N = 31,568) were analyzed to determine the main and interactive effects of SUD and poverty on first-time suicide ideation or attempt by Wave 2, 3 years later. Adjusted for controls, poverty (AOR = 1.35, CI = 1.05-1.73) and drug use disorders (AOR = 2.10, CI = 1.07-4.14) independently increased risk for first-time suicide ideation or attempt at Wave 2. SUD and poverty did not interact to differentially increase risk for first-time suicide ideation or attempt, prior to or after adjustment for controls. This study reinforces the importance of SUD and poverty in the risk for first-time suicide ideation or attempt. Public health efforts should target messages to drug users and the impoverished that highlight their increased risk for first-time suicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 123, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Dana Alonzo
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, West Harrison, NY, 10604, USA
| | - Mei-Chen Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 123, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 123, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Padurariu M, Prepelita R, Ciobica A, Dobrin R, Timofte D, Stefanescu C, Chirita R. Concept of Suicide: Neurophysiological/Genetic Theories and Possible Oxytocin Relevance. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-016-9603-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
18
|
Fernández-Arteaga V, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Fresán A, González-Castro TB, Juárez-Rojop IE, López-Narváez L, Hernández-Díaz Y. Association between completed suicide and environmental temperature in a Mexican population, using the Knowledge Discovery in Database approach. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 135:219-224. [PMID: 27586493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Suicide is a worldwide health problem and climatological characteristics have been associated with suicide behavior. However, approaches such as the Knowledge Discovery in Database are not frequently used to search for an association between climatological characteristics and suicide. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between weather data and suicide in a Mexican population. METHODS We used the information of 1357 patients who completed suicide from 2005 to 2012. Alternatively, weather data were provided by the National Water Commission. We used the Knowledge Discovery in Database approach with an Apriori algorithm and the data analyses were performed with the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis software. One hundred rules of association were generated with a confidence of 0.86 and support of 1. RESULTS We found an association between environmental temperature and suicide: days with no rain and temperatures between 30 °C and 40 °C (86-104 °F) were related to males completing suicide by hanging. CONCLUSIONS In the prevention of suicidal behavior, the Knowledge Discovery in Database could be used to establish climatological characteristics and their association with suicide. This approach must be considered in future prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Fernández-Arteaga
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico.
| | - Ana Fresán
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Isela E Juárez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | | | - Yazmín Hernández-Díaz
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim DK, Song HJ, Lee EK, Kwon JW. Effect of sex and age on the association between suicidal behaviour and obesity in Korean adults: a cross-sectional nationwide study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010183. [PMID: 27256086 PMCID: PMC4893869 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the hypothesis that the relationship between obesity and the risk of suicidal behaviour would differ according to sex and age. SETTING Data from the 2007-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used. PARTICIPANTS 36 211 adults with body mass index (BMI) data were included and the mean age was 49.6 years. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE BMI. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Suicide ideation and attempts. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS A cross-sectional study was performed. Multiple logistic regressions after controlling for socioeconomic variables and concomitant diseases were applied to see the relationship between obesity level and suicidal ideation or attempt. RESULTS Women with severe obesity had the highest prevalence of suicide attempts and ideation, whereas among males, underweight men had the highest prevalence. After adjustment, obese men had a lower OR for suicide ideation (OR=0.87, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.00). Among women, the ORs of severely obese and underweight women were 1.27 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.52) and 1.24 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.45), respectively. When grouped by age category, the ORs for suicide ideation in severely obese women aged 18 to <30 years or attempts in severely obese women aged 30 to <50 years were 2.30 (95% CI 1.36 to 3.89) and 3.07 (95% CI 1.50 to 6.31), respectively. However, overweight and obese women aged more than 50 years exhibited significantly less ORs of suicide ideation, when compared with counterparts of normal weight. CONCLUSIONS The association between obesity and suicidal behaviour exhibited a different pattern by sex and age in South Korea. In particular, severely obese young women had a substantial risk of suicidal behaviour. Our study results highlighted the importance of obesity management in the prevention of suicide among young women, and may be helpful for the drafting of the health agenda in Asian countries with an obesity prevalence and culture similar to those in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Kwon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of South Korea
- Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Song
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of South Korea
| | - Eui-Kyung Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of South Korea
| | - Jin-Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Martin MS, Dykxhoorn J, Afifi TO, Colman I. Child abuse and the prevalence of suicide attempts among those reporting suicide ideation. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2016; 51:1477-1484. [PMID: 27290608 PMCID: PMC5101274 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-016-1250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Victims of child abuse may be at increased risk of acting on suicide ideation, although this has not been empirically tested. We estimated the risk of suicide attempts associated with child abuse among individuals who reported suicide ideation. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from the population-based Canadian Community Health Survey Mental Health (n = 828). This population-based survey included various structured questionnaires, including the Composite International Diagnostic Interview to assess mental illness and suicidal thoughts and behaviours. RESULTS Approximately 80 % of those who attempted suicide had a history of child abuse. Poor mental health, financial difficulties, poor coping skills, and reporting a suicide plan were also associated with an increased prevalence of attempting suicide; adjusted for these factors, child abuse was associated with a 1.77-fold increased prevalence (95 % CI 0.93, 3.36) of suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS Most individuals who attempt suicide experience child abuse, and worse health and social functioning. Adopting a life-course perspective to understand trajectories of suicide risk factors may inform prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Martin
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Office 3230A, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5 Canada
| | - Jennifer Dykxhoorn
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Office 3230A, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5 Canada ,Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tracie O. Afifi
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Office 3230A, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kashyap S, Hooke GR, Page AC. Identifying risk of deliberate self-harm through longitudinal monitoring of psychological distress in an inpatient psychiatric population. BMC Psychiatry 2015; 15:81. [PMID: 25884421 PMCID: PMC4422411 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-015-0464-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While cross-sectional correlates of deliberate self-harm, such as psychological distress, have been identified; it is still difficult to predict which individuals experiencing distress will engage in deliberate self-harm, and when this may occur. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the ability of longitudinal measurements of psychological distress to predict deliberate self-harm in a psychiatric population. METHOD Participants (N = 933; age range 14-93 (M = 38.95, SD = 14.64; 70% female) were monitored daily in terms of suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, worthlessness and perceptions of not coping. Latent Growth Curve Analysis was used to check if groups of inpatients reporting suicidal ideation, who shared early change in measures of psychological distress, existed. Logistic regression tested whether different groups were at higher (or lower) risks of deliberate self-harm. RESULTS Four groups were found. Of these, Non-Responders (high symptoms, remaining high) were more likely to engage in deliberate self-harm than patients with high, medium and low symptoms which improved over one week. Group membership was a greater predictor of deliberate self-harm than initial distress scores. Females and patients with personality disorders were significantly more likely to be Non-Responders. CONCLUSIONS Continuous monitoring and subsequent grouping of inpatients according to their early change in psychological distress provides a novel and practical approach to risk management. A lack of early improvement in psychological distress may indicate a higher risk of deliberate self-harm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Kashyap
- School of Psychology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia.
| | - Geoffrey R Hooke
- Perth Clinic, 21 Havelock Street, West Perth, WA, 600, Australia.
| | - Andrew C Page
- University of Western Australia & Perth Clinic, Perth, Western Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shin J, Choi Y, Han KT, Cheon SY, Kim JH, Lee SG, Park EC. The combined effect of subjective body image and body mass index (distorted body weight perception) on suicidal ideation. J Prev Med Public Health 2015; 48:94-104. [PMID: 25857647 PMCID: PMC4398151 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.14.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Mental health disorders and suicide are an important and growing public health concern in Korea. Evidence has shown that both globally and in Korea, obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing some psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we examined the association between distorted body weight perception (BWP) and suicidal ideation. Methods: Data were obtained from the 2007-2012 Korea National Health and Nutritional Evaluation Survey (KNHANES), an annual cross-sectional nationwide survey that included 14 276 men and 19 428 women. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between nine BWP categories, which combined body image (BI) and body mass index (BMI) categories, and suicidal ideation. Moreover, the fitness of our models was verified using the Akaike information criterion. Results: Consistent with previous studies, suicidal ideation was associated with marital status, household income, education level, and perceived health status in both genders. Only women were significantly more likely to have distorted BWP; there was no relationship among men. In category B1 (low BMI and normal BI), women (odds ratio [OR], 2.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48 to 3.42) were more likely to express suicidal ideation than women in category B2 (normal BMI and normal BI) were. Women in overweight BWP category C2 (normal BMI and fat BI) also had an increased OR for suicidal ideation (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.48 to 3.42). Those in normal BWP categories were not likely to have suicidal ideation. Among women in the underweight BWP categories, only the OR for those in category A2 (normal BMI and thin BI) was significant (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.59). Conclusions: Distorted BWP should be considered an important factor in the prevention of suicide and for the improvement of mental health among Korean adults, especially Korean women with distorted BWPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea ; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Choi
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea ; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Han
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea ; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Youn Cheon
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea ; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea ; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Lee
- Department of Hospital Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea ; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|