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Quirke-McFarlane S, Carstairs SA, Cecil JE. 'You just eyeball it': Parent and nursery staff perceptions and influences on child portion size: A reflexive thematic analysis. Nutr Health 2024:2601060241245255. [PMID: 38623628 DOI: 10.1177/02601060241245255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health epidemics of the 21st century. Observational studies report that increases in portion size (PS) have occurred in parallel with levels of obesity. Increased PSs of high-energy-dense foods can promote overeating, and without compensatory behaviours, can contribute to childhood obesity. Caregivers make decisions about PSs for children in the home and nursery environment, thus are gatekeepers to child food intake. Understanding caregiver PS decisions can aid in the best practice of PS provision to young children. The aim of this study was to explore parent and nursery staff influences on child PS selection and their suggestions for useful tools/strategies in PS decisions. Methods: A qualitative design was employed using focus group discussions (FGDs) with parents and nursery staff of children aged 3-5 years. FGDs were employed given their ability to generate rich data, as well as permit the exploration of collective perceptions, attitudes, behaviours and experiences. Data were analysed using an inductive, semantic approach to reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Four FGDs were conducted: two with parents (n = 13), two with nursery staff (n = 17). Four overarching themes were derived: (i) awareness of PS guidelines; (ii) control over PS; (iii) social influences on children's eating behaviours; (iv) child-specific, social and external factors influencing parent and nursery staff PS decisions. Additionally, participants discussed tools/strategies they believe would be useful in PS decisions. Conclusion: Data from the themes suggest that caregiver control, social, child-specific and external factors are more influential than PS guidelines in both parent and nursery staff PS decisions for young children aged 3-5 years. These findings can inform future childhood obesity prevention initiatives focussed on improving parent and nursery staff provision/use of age-appropriate PSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Quirke-McFarlane
- Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Sharon A Carstairs
- Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Joanne E Cecil
- Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
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Acolatse L, Pourshahidi LK, Logue C, McCann MT, Kerr MA. Child food portion sizes in the home environment: how do parents decide? Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:386-393. [PMID: 36866645 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123000071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of larger portion sizes (PS) of food has been implicated in the increased prevalence of childhood obesity. The home is usually the first place children learn about food, however, little is known about how parents determine child PS in the home environment. This narrative review aimed to explore parental beliefs, decisions, strategies and barriers to the provision of appropriate food PS for children in the home environment. Results indicate that parental decisions on child food PS are based on the amounts they serve themselves, personal intuition and knowledge of child appetite. Owing to the habitual nature of food provision, parental decisions on child PS may be taken without conscious thought and/or could be part of a complex decision-making process influenced by several interlinked factors, including parental childhood mealtime experiences, other family members and child weight status. Strategies to determine child-appropriate PS include modelling the desired PS behaviour, use of unit-based food packaging and PS estimation aids, and providing the child with a degree of autonomy to rely on their own appetite cues. A lack of knowledge/awareness of PS guidance is a key barrier identified by parents to the provision of age-appropriate PS, warranting the inclusion of salient child-appropriate PS guidance within national dietary recommendations. Further home-based interventions to improve the provision of appropriate child PS are required, leveraged on parental strategies already in use, as outlined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Acolatse
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - L Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Caomhan Logue
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mary T McCann
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Maeve A Kerr
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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Saunders LA, Jackson B, Gibson LY, Doust J, Dimmock JA, Davis EA, Price L, Budden T. 'It's been a lifelong thing for me': parents' experiences of facilitating a healthy lifestyle for their children with severe obesity. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1176. [PMID: 37337142 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For parents and guardians, assisting children/adolescents with severe obesity to lose weight is often a key objective but a complex and difficult challenge. Our aim in this study was to explore parents' (and guardians') perspectives on the challenges they have faced in assisting their children/adolescents with severe obesity to lead a healthy lifestyle. METHODS Thirteen parents/guardians were interviewed from a pool of families who had been referred but did not engage between 2016 and 2018 (N = 103), with the Perth Children's Hospital Healthy Weight Service, a clinical obesity program for children/adolescents (parent age M = 43.2 years, children age M = 10.3 years). Using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, we identified 3 broad themes. RESULTS Parental weight-related factors reflected parents' own lifelong obesity narrative and its effect on their own and their families' ability to live a healthy lifestyle. Perceived inevitability of obesity in their child reflected parents' feelings that the obesity weight status of their children/adolescent was a persistent and overwhelming problem that felt 'out of control'. Lastly, parents reported challenges getting medical help stemming from co-morbid medical diagnosis in their child/adolescent, and difficulties with medical professionals. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that parents face challenges in supporting healthy lifestyle for children/adolescents with severe obesity due to parents own internal weight biases and their negative experiences within the healthcare system when seeking help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz A Saunders
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia.
- Paediatric Consultation Liaison Program, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Perth Children's Hospital, Western, Australia.
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Lisa Y Gibson
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western, Australia
| | - Justine Doust
- Paediatric Consultation Liaison Program, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Perth Children's Hospital, Western, Australia
- Healthy Weight Service, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Perth Children's Hospital, Western, Australia
| | - James A Dimmock
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Davis
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- Healthy Weight Service, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Perth Children's Hospital, Western, Australia
| | - Lyndsey Price
- Healthy Weight Service, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Perth Children's Hospital, Western, Australia
| | - Timothy Budden
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
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Mäenpää T, Vuori A. Broaching overweight and obesity at maternity and child health clinics. Int J Nurs Pract 2021; 27:e12958. [PMID: 33977644 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim was to describe the experiences of nurses in broaching the issue of overweight and obesity at maternity and child health clinics. BACKGROUND The mother's obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy and rapid weight gain in early childhood increase the risk of obesity of the newborn baby both in childhood and throughout life. Attention must be paid to the prevention of weight gain in families already during pregnancy and before school age. METHODS Informants were nurses working at maternity and child health clinics (N = 28). The qualitative data were collected by a focus group interview in spring 2016 and analysed using inductive content analysis. FINDINGS The nurses interviewed considered it their duty to broach the issue and felt that they have sufficient courage to bring up overweight. They sometimes found it frustrating to talk about overweight and obesity, because families do not commit themselves to making lifestyle changes, and changes happen slowly. Nurses found the lasting relationship with families helpful for bringing up overweight. CONCLUSION Nurses need more broaching skills, more training, supervising and tools for bringing up overweight and obesity with client families. The continuity of care in primary health care supports bringing up overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Mäenpää
- School of Wellbeing, Häme University of Applied Sciences, Hämeenlinna, Finland
| | - Anne Vuori
- Faculty of Social and Health Care, LAB University of Applied Sciences, Lahti, Finland
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Harms LSE, Gerards SMPL, Kremers SPJ, Bessems KMHH, van Luijk C, Arslan T, Mombers FM, Gubbels JS. Involving Parents in Promoting Healthy Energy Balance-Related Behaviors in Preschoolers: A Mixed Methods Impact and Process Evaluation of SuperFIT. Nutrients 2021; 13:1605. [PMID: 34064826 PMCID: PMC8150277 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental involvement is an essential component of obesity prevention interventions for children. The present study provides a process and impact evaluation of the family component of SuperFIT. SuperFIT is a comprehensive, integrated intervention approach aiming to improve energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) of young children (2-4 years). A mixed methods design combined in-depth interviews with parents (n = 15) and implementers (n = 3) with questionnaire data on nutritional and physical activity-related parenting practices (CFPQ and PPAPP), the physical home environment (EPAO_SR) (n = 41), and intervention appreciation (n = 19). Results were structured using the concepts of reach, adoption, implementation, and perceived impact. Findings indicated that the families reached were mostly those that were already interested in the topic. Participants of the intervention appreciated the information received and the on-the-spot guidance on their child's behavior. Having fun was considered a success factor within the intervention. Parents expressed the additional need for peer-to-peer discussion. SuperFIT increased awareness and understanding of parents' own behavior. Parents made no changes in daily life routines or the physical home environment. Translating knowledge and learned strategies into behavior at home has yet to be achieved. To optimize impact, intervention developers should find the right balance between accessibility, content, and intensity of interventions for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S. E. Harms
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.M.P.L.G.); (S.P.J.K.); (K.M.H.H.B.); (C.v.L.); (T.A.); (F.M.M.); (J.S.G.)
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Howlett N, Roberts KPJ, Swanston D, Edmunds LD, Willis TA. Testing the feasibility of a sustainable preschool obesity prevention approach: a mixed-methods service evaluation of a volunteer-led HENRY programme. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:46. [PMID: 33407291 PMCID: PMC7789777 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10031-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last 10 years HENRY has been working to reduce and prevent child obesity by training health and early years professionals to deliver its evidence-based programme to parents. The aim and unique contribution of this study was to evaluate whether training volunteers to deliver this programme on a one-to-one basis was feasible. METHODS Mixed-methods service evaluation with parent-reported pre- and post-programme outcomes and focus groups conducted with parents and volunteer facilitators. The programme consisted of 8 one-to-one sessions delivered weekly by volunteers (n = 18) to build food and activity-related knowledge, skills, and understanding, and improve parenting efficacy, and parent and child eating and physical activity. Programmes took place at parent's (n = 69) home or local community venues in four London boroughs, United Kingdom. Parent-reported parenting efficacy, emotional wellbeing, eating, and physical activity data were captured, alongside parent ratings of the programme and volunteer ratings of the training. Parent and volunteer focus groups explored involvement, expectations, and experiences of the programme, training and delivery, feedback, and impact. RESULTS Parents were mostly female, had varied ethnic backgrounds, and were often not working but well educated. There were statistically significant improvements of a medium-to-large size in parent and child emotional wellbeing, parenting efficacy, fruit and vegetable consumption, family eating and food purchasing behaviours. Parent ratings of the programme were positive and qualitative data highlighted the holistic nature of the programme, which focused on more than just food, and the relationships with volunteers as key facets. Volunteers were also mostly female, had varied ethnic backgrounds, and were often well educated, but more likely to be employed than parents. Volunteers rated the training and delivery as useful in enabling them to deliver the programme confidently and for their own wellbeing. Despite finding some sessions challenging emotionally, volunteers reported positive family lifestyle improvements by parents and children and that the experience would be useful for future employment. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to recruit and train volunteers to deliver a structured preschool obesity prevention programme, which parents considered acceptable and enjoyable, with preliminary reports of parent and child benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Howlett
- Department of Psychology, Sport, and Geography, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Herts, AL10 9AB, UK.
| | - Kim P J Roberts
- HENRY, 8 Elm Place, Old Witney Road, Oxfordshire, OX29 4BD, UK
| | - Di Swanston
- HENRY, 8 Elm Place, Old Witney Road, Oxfordshire, OX29 4BD, UK
| | - Laurel D Edmunds
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Thomas A Willis
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
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Snack Portion Sizes for Preschool Children Are Predicted by Caregiver Portion Size, Caregiver Feeding Practices and Children's Eating Traits. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11123020. [PMID: 31835571 PMCID: PMC6950396 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caregivers are mostly responsible for the foods young children consume; however, it is unknown how caregivers determine what portion sizes to serve. This study examined factors which predict smaller or larger than recommended snack portion sizes in an online survey. Caregivers of children aged 2 to 4 years were presented with 10 snack images, each photographed in six portion sizes. Caregivers (n = 659) selected the portion they would usually serve themselves and their child for an afternoon snack. Information on child eating traits, parental feeding practices and demographics were provided by caregivers. Most caregivers selected portions in line with recommended amounts for preschool children, demonstrating their ability to match portion sizes to their child′s energy requirements. However, 16% of caregivers selected smaller than recommended low energy-dense (LED, e.g., fruits and vegetables) snacks for their child which was associated with smaller caregiver′s own portion size, reduced child food liking and increased satiety responsiveness. In contrast, 28% of caregivers selected larger than recommended amounts of high energy-dense (HED, e.g., cookies, crisps) snacks for their child which were associated with larger caregiver′s own portion size, greater frequency of consumption, higher child body mass index (BMI), greater pressure to eat and lower child food liking. These findings suggest that most caregivers in this study select portions adjusted to suit their child′s age and stage of development. Future interventions could provide support to caregivers regarding the energy and nutrient density of foods given the relatively small portion sizes of LED and large portions of HED snacks offered to some children.
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8
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Nimegeer A, Patterson C, Hilton S. Media framing of childhood obesity: a content analysis of UK newspapers from 1996 to 2014. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e025646. [PMID: 30948586 PMCID: PMC6500306 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Media can influence public and policy-makers' perceptions of causes of, and solutions to, public health issues through selective presentation and framing. Childhood obesity is a health issue with both individual-level and societal-level drivers and solutions, but public opinion and mass media representations of obesity have typically focused on individual-level framings, at the cost of acknowledgement of a need for regulatory action. OBJECTIVE AND SETTING To understand the salience and framing of childhood obesity across 19 years of UK national newspaper content. DESIGN AND OUTCOME MEASURES Quantitative content analysis of 757 articles about childhood obesity obtained from six daily and five Sunday newspapers. Articles were coded manually for definitions, drivers and potential solutions. Data were analysed statistically, including analysis of time trends and variations by political alignment of source. RESULTS The frequency of articles grew from a low of two in 1996 to a peak of 82 in 2008, before declining to 40 in 2010. Individual-level drivers (59.8%) and solutions (36.5%) were mentioned more frequently than societal-level drivers (28.3%) and solutions (28.3%) across the sample, but societal solutions were mentioned more frequently during the final 8 years, coinciding with a marked decline in yearly frequency of articles. CONCLUSIONS Increased focus on societal solutions aligns with public health goals, but coincided with a reduction in the issue's salience in the media. Those advocating public policy solutions to childhood obesity may benefit from seeking to raise the issue's media profile while continuing to promote structural conceptualisations of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Nimegeer
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chris Patterson
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shona Hilton
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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9
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Kairey L, Matvienko-Sikar K, Kelly C, McKinley MC, O'Connor EM, Kearney PM, Woodside JV, Harrington JM. Plating up appropriate portion sizes for children: a systematic review of parental food and beverage portioning practices. Obes Rev 2018; 19:1667-1678. [PMID: 30160009 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of larger portion sizes is associated with higher energy intake and weight status in children. As parents play a pivotal role in child feeding, we synthesized literature on 'parental portioning practices' using a mixed methods systematic design to inform future strategies addressing portion sizes served to children. Electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, PsycINFO and CINAHL Plus were searched. Two reviewers independently screened 385 abstracts and assessed 71 full-text articles against eligibility criteria: studies assessing portioning of foods or beverages by parent(s) with ≥1 child aged 2-12 years. Narrative synthesis of 14 quantitative studies found that portion sizes parents serve vary substantially and are influenced by amounts parents serve themselves, perceived child hunger and parent and child body size. Thematic synthesis of 14 qualitative studies found that parents serve the portion sizes they learn to be appropriate for their child to be fed. Portioning is influenced by parents' desires for a healthy child with a balanced diet. Future guidance on appropriate portion sizes for children would ideally present recommended portion sizes for first serving, incremental with age. Future research is however needed to assess the adoption and efficacy of providing such guidance to families.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kairey
- HRB Centre for Health and Diet Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - K Matvienko-Sikar
- HRB Centre for Health and Diet Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Kelly
- Health Promotion Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - M C McKinley
- Northern Ireland Centre of Excellence for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - E M O'Connor
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - P M Kearney
- HRB Centre for Health and Diet Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - J V Woodside
- Northern Ireland Centre of Excellence for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - J M Harrington
- HRB Centre for Health and Diet Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Figueroa R, Saltzman J, Jarick Metcalfe J, Wiley A. "Culture Is So Interspersed": Child-Minders' and Health Workers' Perceptions of Childhood Obesity in South Africa. J Obes 2017; 2017:9629748. [PMID: 28367326 PMCID: PMC5358443 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9629748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Forty-one million children globally are overweight or obese, with most rapid rate increases among low- and middle-income nations. Child-minders and health workers play a crucial role in obesity prevention efforts, but their perceptions of childhood obesity in low- and middle-income countries are poorly understood. This study aims to (1) explore child-minders and health workers' perceptions of the causes, consequences, potential strategies, and barriers for childhood obesity prevention and intervention in Cape Town, South Africa and (2) to provisionally test the fit of a socioecological framework to explain these perceptions. Methods. Twenty-one interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through analytic induction. Results. Participants identified multilevel factors and contexts, as well as potential consequences and priorities of interest in addressing childhood obesity. An adapted childhood obesity perceptions model was generated, which introduces an overarching cultural dimension embedded across levels of the socioecological framework. Conclusions. Culture plays a pivotal role in explaining obesogenic outcomes, and the results of this study demonstrate the need for further research investigating how obesity perceptions are shaped by cultural frames (e.g., social, political, and historical). Understanding the causes, consequences, and potential interventions to address obesity through a cultural lens is critical for promoting health in low- and middle-income nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Figueroa
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 South Goodwin Ave., 230 Bevier Hall MC-180, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- *Roger Figueroa:
| | - Jaclyn Saltzman
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 904 W. Nevada St., #1014, MC-081, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jessica Jarick Metcalfe
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 904 W. Nevada St., #1014, MC-081, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Angela Wiley
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 904 W. Nevada St., #2004, MC-081, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Buying less and wasting less food. Changes in household food energy purchases, energy intakes and energy density between 2007 and 2012 with and without adjustment for food waste. Public Health Nutr 2016; 20:1248-1256. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016003256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveConsumers in the UK responded to the rapid increases in food prices between 2007 and 2009 partly by reducing the amount of food energy bought. Household food and drink waste has also decreased since 2007. The present study explored the combined effects of reductions in food purchases and waste on estimated food energy intakes and dietary energy density.DesignThe amount of food energy purchased per adult equivalent was calculated from Kantar Worldpanel household food and drink purchase data for 2007 and 2012. Food energy intakes were estimated by adjusting purchase data for food and drink waste, using waste factors specific to the two years and scaled for household size.SettingScotland.SubjectsHouseholds in Scotland (n 2657 in 2007; n 2841 in 2012).ResultsThe amount of food energy purchased decreased between 2007 and 2012, from 8·6 to 8·2 MJ/adult equivalent per d (P<0·001). After accounting for the decrease in food waste, estimated food energy intake was not significantly different (7·3 and 7·2 MJ/adult equivalent per d for 2007 and 2012, respectively; P=0·186). Energy density of foods purchased increased slightly from 700 to 706 kJ/100 g (P=0·010).ConclusionsWhile consumers in Scotland reduced the amount of food energy that they purchased between 2007 and 2012, this was balanced by reductions in household food and drink waste over the same time, resulting in no significant change in net estimated energy intake of foods brought into the home.
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