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Pollack LR, Liao J, Powelson EB, Gause E, Robinson BRH, Vavilala MS, Engelberg RA, Reed MJ, Arbabi S, O'Connell KM. Long-term health-related quality of life and independence among older survivors of serious injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023; 94:624-631. [PMID: 36623274 PMCID: PMC10038848 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the recovery experiences of older trauma intensive care unit (TICU) survivors and the relationship between geriatric trauma care and long-term functional ability and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 218 patients (age, ≥65 years) admitted to a Level 1 regional trauma center TICU before versus after implementation of a geriatric care bundle with protocolized geriatrics consultations (Geri-T). Survivors or their proxies were interviewed approximately 1 year after hospitalization. Outcomes included the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), and EQ-5D-5L HRQOL survey. Two investigator-developed questions regarding recovery experiences were included. Differences in outcomes among survivors admitted before versus after Geri-T were analyzed using multivariable linear regression. Responses to questions about recovery experiences were qualitatively assessed using content analysis. RESULTS We reached 67% (146/218) of hospital survivors or their proxies across both groups; 126 patients were still alive and completed the survey. Mean age was 76 (SD, 8), 36% were female, and 90% were independent with ADLs preinjury. At follow-up, independence with ADLs was 76% and IADLs was 63%. The mean EQ-5D-5L index score was 0.78 (SD, 0.18). Most patients (65%) reported having not returned to preinjury functional status. Neither functional ability or HRQOL differed significantly among patients admitted before versus after Geri-T. Content analysis of open-ended questions revealed themes of activity limitations, persistent pain, and cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSION Nearly one-fifth of TICU survivors experienced loss of ADL function 1 year after injury, and most reported having not returned to preinjury functional status. Nonetheless, patient-reported HRQOL was comparable to age-adjusted norms. Geri-T was not associated with differences in HRQOL or functional ability. Survivors reported persistent difficulty with activities beyond those of daily living, pain, and cognition. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic and Epidemiologic, Level III.
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Scott JET, Mazzucchelli TG, Luszcz MA, Windsor TD. Factor structure and measurement invariance of the older people’s quality of life scale. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sterina E, Hermida AP, Gerberi DJ, Lapid MI. Emotional Resilience of Older Adults during COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Studies of Stress and Well-Being. Clin Gerontol 2022; 45:4-19. [PMID: 34080527 PMCID: PMC8639827 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2021.1928355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and well-being in older adults under quarantine. METHODS A systematic review of CINAHL, Ovid EBM Reviews, Ovid Embase, Ovid Medline, Ovid PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science from 2000 to 2020 was conducted. Keywords included coronavirus, epidemic, quarantine, stress, mental health, and similar terms. Included studies enrolled participants under quarantine, quantitatively measured mental health or well-being, and characterized outcomes by age. RESULTS Of 894 initial results, 20 studies met the criteria and were included. Studies comprise 106,553 participants from eight countries, ages 6-100, two epidemics (COVID-19, SARS), and 27 assessment tools. One study found greater distress in older adults relative to younger adults, one found no significant differences, and 18 found lower negative outcomes in older participants in at least one metric. CONCLUSIONS Older adults in this review generally have lower stress and less negative emotions under quarantine than younger adults. It is unknown how this compares to pre-pandemic measures. More representative and longitudinal studies are needed to measure the impact of quarantine on the mental health of older adults. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS As existing scales may not capture the full extent of pandemic psychological effects on older adults, clinicians must vigilantly monitor older adults' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana P Hermida
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Maria I Lapid
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Rorai VO, Perry TE, Whitney SE, Gianfermi HC, Mitchell JA, Key KD, Lichtenberg PA, Taylor RJ, Ilardo JL, Knurek SM, Conyers CS. "It Takes Some Empathy, Sympathy, and Listening": Telephone Outreach to Older Detroiters in a Pandemic as a Modality to Gain an Understanding of Challenges and Resiliency. J Urban Health 2021; 98:91-102. [PMID: 34518983 PMCID: PMC8437335 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-021-00564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes a telephone outreach project for members of a research registry program for older adults in Detroit, Michigan. From April until December 2020, the Healthier Black Elders Center designed and implemented a telephone outreach program, calling 1204 older adults utilizing 15 staff and volunteers. The calls served to check in on registry members and collect data on mental health, coping mechanisms, access to services, masks, testing, and tele-health. This paper details the methods of developing and implementing an innovative engagement program that collected time-sensitive data from older Black adults that has directly been applied to create virtual health education programs, share resource information, and create a program to reduce social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa O Rorai
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Tam E Perry
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kent D Key
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Peter A Lichtenberg
- Institute of Gerontology, Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
- Program for Research on Black Americans, Institute for Social Research, Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Robert Joseph Taylor
- Program for Research on Black Americans, Institute for Social Research, Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
- Research Initiatives, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Joan L Ilardo
- Research Initiatives, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Sean M Knurek
- Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, USA
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Quilis N, Sivera F, Seoane-Mato D, Pérez-Ruiz F, Sánchez-Piedra C, Díaz-González F, Bustabad-Reyes S. Prevalence of gout in the adult general population in Spain: Estimating the proportion of undiagnosed cases. Joint Bone Spine 2021; 89:105257. [PMID: 34325050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2021.105257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of gout in Spain. METHODS Cross-sectional, population-based study of people aged 20 years or older. First, randomly selected individuals were contacted by telephone and rheumatic disease screening questionnaires were conducted. If the first screening was positive, medical records were then reviewed and/or a phone questionnaire was conducted by a rheumatologist, followed by an appointment if necessary. Newly diagnosed cases had to fulfil the ACR/EULAR 2015 criteria. To calculate the prevalence and its 95% CI, the sample design was taken into account and weighing was calculated according to age, sex and geographic origin. RESULTS In all, 4916 individuals were included, 1361 had a positive screening result for gout (59 of them reported a prior diagnosis). Of these, 51 were classified as missing and 95 were classified as gout cases. An additional case was detected through a positive screening for fibromyalgia and Sjögren's syndrome, although a previous gout diagnosis was confirmed by a review of the medical records. Of the 96 gout cases, 31 (32%) were de novo diagnoses. The estimated weighted prevalence of gout was 2.4% (95% CI 1.95-2.95), with a higher prevalence in men (4.55% [95%CI 3.65-5.65]) than women (0.38% [95%CI 0.19-0.76]). CONCLUSION EPISER2016 is the first population-based study to estimate the prevalence of gout in Spain. Undiagnosed patients accounted for a substantial proportion of cases, highlighting the need for population-approaches when estimating the prevalence of infra-diagnosed diseases. Reliable national approaches are key to obtaining accurate estimates of diseases to better aid healthcare and workforce planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Quilis
- Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain
| | - Francisca Sivera
- Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain; Dept Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Spain.
| | - Daniel Seoane-Mato
- Research Unit (UI), Sociedad Española de Reumatologia (SER), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Federico Díaz-González
- Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Cortés Verdú R, Pego-Reigosa JM, Seoane-Mato D, Morcillo Valle M, Palma Sánchez D, Moreno Martínez MJ, Mayor González M, Atxotegi Sáenz de Buruaga J, Urionagüena Onaindia I, Blanco Cáceres BA, Silva-Fernández L, Sivera F, Blanco FJ, Sánchez-Piedra C, Díaz-González F, Bustabad S. Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Spain: higher than previously reported in other countries? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 59:2556-2562. [PMID: 31998955 PMCID: PMC7449807 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prevalence of SLE varies among studies, being influenced by study design, geographical area and ethnicity. Data about the prevalence of SLE in Spain are scarce. In the EPISER2016 study, promoted by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology, the prevalence estimate of SLE in the general adult population in Spain has been updated and its association with sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables has been explored. METHODS Population-based multicentre cross-sectional study, with multistage stratified and cluster random sampling. Participants were contacted by telephone to carry out a questionnaire for the screening of SLE. Investigating rheumatologists evaluated positive results (review of medical records and/or telephone interview, with medical visit if needed) to confirm the diagnosis. To calculate the prevalence and its 95% CI, the sample design was taken into account and weighing was calculated considering age, sex and geographic origin. Multivariate logistic regression models were defined to analyse which sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables included in the telephone questionnaire were associated with the presence of SLE. RESULTS 4916 subjects aged 20 years or over were included. 16.52% (812/4916) had a positive screening result for SLE. 12 cases of SLE were detected. The estimated prevalence was 0.21% (95% CI: 0.11, 0.40). SLE was more prevalent in the rural municipalities, with an odds ratio (OR) = 4.041 (95% CI: 1.216, 13.424). CONCLUSION The estimated prevalence of SLE in Spain is higher than that described in most international epidemiological studies, but lower than that observed in ethnic minorities in the United States or the United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Cortés Verdú
- Rheumatology, Hospital General de Ontinyent, Ontinyent, ValenciaSpain
| | - José M Pego-Reigosa
- Rheumatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Grupo IRIDIS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo, PontevedraSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francisca Sivera
- Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario de Elda, Elda, AlicanteSpain
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Rheumatology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A CoruñaSpain
| | | | - Federico Díaz-González
- Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.,Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sagrario Bustabad
- Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Oikonomou E, Page B, Lawton R, Murray J, Higham H, Vincent C. Validation of the Partners at Care Transitions Measure (PACT-M): assessing the quality and safety of care transitions for older people in the UK. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:608. [PMID: 32611336 PMCID: PMC7329420 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Partners at Care Transitions Measure (PACT-M) is a patient-reported questionnaire for evaluation of the quality and safety of care transitions from hospital to home, as experienced by older adults. PACT-M has two components; PACT-M 1 to capture the immediate post discharge period and PACT-M 2 to assess the experience of managing care at home. In this study, we aim to examine the psychometric properties, factor structure, validity and reliability of the PACT-M. METHODS We administered the PACT-M over the phone and by mail, within one week post discharge with 138 participants and one month after discharge with 110 participants. We performed principal components analysis and factors were assessed for internal consistency, reliability and construct validity. RESULTS Reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha for the 9-item PACT-M 1 and 8-item PACT-M 2 and exploratory factor analysis was performed to evaluate dimensionality of the scales. Principal components analysis was chosen using pair-wise deletion. Both PACT-M 1 and PACT-M 2 showed high internal consistency and good internal reliability values and conveyed unidimensional scale characteristics with high reliability scores; above 0.8. CONCLUSIONS The PACT-M has shown evidence to suggest that it is a reliable measure to capture patients' perception of the quality of discharge arrangements and also on patients' ability to manage their care at home one month post discharge. PACT-M 1 is a marker of patient experience of transition and PACT-M 2 of coping at home.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rebecca Lawton
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Bradford Institute For Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Jenni Murray
- Bradford Institute For Health Research, Bradford, UK
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Narváez J, Sánchez-Fernández SÁ, Seoane-Mato D, Díaz-González F, Bustabad S. Prevalence of Sjögren's syndrome in the general adult population in Spain: estimating the proportion of undiagnosed cases. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10627. [PMID: 32606345 PMCID: PMC7327007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To estimate the prevalence of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in the adult Spanish population we performed a population-based multicenter cross-sectional study. Cases were defined by the American-European Consensus Group criteria proposed in 2002. A total of 4,916 subjects aged 20 years or over were included. The estimated prevalence of SS (including primary and secondary forms) in the adult population in Spain was 0.33% (95% CI 0.21-0.53). Extrapolating to the total population of the country aged ≥ 20 years (around 37.7 million persons), there would be around 125,000 cases of SS in Spain. Considering only primary SS, the estimated prevalence was 0.25% (95% CI 0.15-0.43) or 1 person in 400. The prevalence of primary SS in Spain is comparable to that reported in other European studies with a similar design and diagnostic criteria. Based on these results, primary SS could not be considered a rare (orphan) disease. Only 50% of cases had already been diagnosed with SS prior EPISER 2016 study, confirming the existence of a non-negligible proportion of undiagnosed cases in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Narváez
- Department of Rheumatology (Planta 10-2), Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga, s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Daniel Seoane-Mato
- Unidad de Investigación, Sociedad Española de Reumatología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Díaz-González
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sagrario Bustabad
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Romero Pérez A, Queiro R, Seoane-Mato D, Graell E, Chamizo E, Chaves Chaparro L, Rojas Herrera S, Pons Dolset J, Polo Ostáriz MA, Ruiz-Alejos Garrido S, Macía-Villa C, Cruz-Valenciano A, González Gómez ML, Sánchez-Piedra C, Díaz-González F, Bustabad-Reyes S. Higher prevalence of psoriatic arthritis in the adult population in Spain? A population-based cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234556. [PMID: 32555622 PMCID: PMC7299392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The prevalence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is very heterogeneous. There are no data on its frequency in the general population in Spain. The aim of EPISER2016 study was to estimate the prevalence of PsA in people aged ≥20 years in Spain. Methods Cross-sectional multicenter population-based study. Subjects from all the autonomous communities in Spain were randomly selected using multistage stratified cluster sampling. Participants in each of the municipalities randomly selected for the study were administered a telephone-based questionnaire to screen for the study diseases. If the participant reported being previously diagnosed, rheumatologists from the participant’s reference hospital confirmed the diagnosis based on a review of the clinical history. Subjects not previously diagnosed but whose screening result was positive based on symptoms received a second telephone call from the investigating rheumatologist in order to evaluate the suspicion. If the suspicion remained, an appointment was made at the reference hospital to complete the diagnostic confirmation process according to CASPAR criteria. To calculate the prevalence and its 95% confidence interval (CI), the sample design was taken into account and weighing was calculated considering age, sex and geographic origin. Results The sample comprised 4916 subjects. The prevalence of PsA was 0.58% (95%CI: 0.38–0.87). All but 1 of the 27 cases (96.30%) had been diagnosed prior to EPISER2016. Conclusion The prevalence of PsA in Spain was among the highest reported to date, only below that reported in Norway (0.67%) and slightly higher than that reported in Italy (0.42%).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rubén Queiro
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Daniel Seoane-Mato
- Research Unit, Spanish Society of Rheumatology, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (SBR); (DSM)
| | - Eduard Graell
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eugenio Chamizo
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital de Mérida, Mérida, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | | | - Jordi Pons Dolset
- Department of Rheumatology, Fundación Hospital Calahorra, Calahorra, La Rioja, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Macía-Villa
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Cruz-Valenciano
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Federico Díaz-González
- Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sagrario Bustabad-Reyes
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- * E-mail: (SBR); (DSM)
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Macinko J, Andrade FCD, Nunes BP, Guanais FC. Primary care and multimorbidity in six Latin American and Caribbean countries. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2019; 43:e8. [PMID: 31093232 PMCID: PMC6393736 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2019.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To describe patterns of multimorbidity in six diverse Latin American and Caribbean countries, examine its effects on primary care experiences, and assess its influence on reported overall health care assessments. Methods Cross-sectional data are from the Inter-American Development Bank's international primary care survey, conducted in 2013/2014, and represent the adult populations of Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, Jamaica, Mexico and Panama. Robust Poisson regression models were used to estimate the extent to which those with multimorbidity receive adequate and appropriate primary care, have confidence in managing their health condition, and are able to afford needed medical care. Results The prevalence of multimorbidity ranged from 17.5% in Colombia to 37.3% in Jamaica. Most of the examined conditions occur along with others, with diabetes and heart disease being the two problems most associated with other conditions. The proportions of adults with high out-of-pocket payments, problems paying their medical bills, seeing multiple doctors, and being in only fair/poor health were higher among those with greater levels of multimorbidity and poorer primary care experiences. Multimorbidity and difficulties with primary care were positively associated with trouble paying for medical care and managing one's conditions. Nonetheless, adults with multimorbidity were more likely to have received lifestyle advice and to be up to date with preventive exams. Conclusions Multimorbidity is reported frequently. Providing adequate care for the growing number of such patients is a major challenge facing most health systems, which will require considerable strengthening of primary care along with financial protection for those most in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Macinko
- UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Flavia C D Andrade
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Bruno P Nunes
- Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Abstract
During the 2009 influenza pandemic, a rapid assessment of disease severity was a challenge as a significant proportion of cases did not seek medical care; care-seeking behaviour changed and the proportion asymptomatic was unknown. A random-digit-dialling telephone survey was undertaken during the 2011/12 winter season in England and Wales to address the feasibility of answering these questions. A proportional quota sampling strategy was employed based on gender, age group, geographical location, employment status and level of education. Households were recruited pre-season and re-contacted immediately following peak seasonal influenza activity. The pre-peak survey was undertaken in October 2011 with 1061 individuals recruited and the post-peak telephone survey in March 2012. Eight hundred and thirty-four of the 1061 (78.6%) participants were successfully re-contacted. Their demographic characteristics compared well to national census data. In total, 8.4% of participants self-reported an influenza-like illness (ILI) in the previous 2 weeks, with 3.2% conforming to the World Health Organization (WHO) ILI case definition. In total, 29.6% of the cases reported consulting their general practitioner. 54.1% of the 1061 participants agreed to be re-contacted about providing biological samples. A population-based cohort was successfully recruited and followed up. Longitudinal survey methodology provides a practical tool to assess disease severity during future pandemics.
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Lorini C, Santomauro F, Grazzini M, Mantwill S, Vettori V, Lastrucci V, Bechini A, Boccalini S, Bussotti A, Bonaccorsi G. Health literacy in Italy: a cross-sectional study protocol to assess the health literacy level in a population-based sample, and to validate health literacy measures in the Italian language. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017812. [PMID: 29138204 PMCID: PMC5695375 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health literacy (HL) concerns the knowledge and competences necessary for people to meet complex health demands. The aims of this study are to assess the level of HL in a sample using the Italian version of the Newest Vital Sign and the association of HL and selected antecedents with health outcomes, and to develop and validate the Italian version of the three Brief Health Literacy Screeners, two subjective numeracy items and the short form and the short-short form of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study adopts a cross-sectional design and is being conducted in Florence, with information collected through telephone interviews. The population-based sample has been randomly selected using the registries of eight general practitioners (GPs). Based on a power calculation, 480 subjects will be included. Participants have been randomly offered two different questionnaires, each containing different HL measures. Data on sociodemographics and important antecedents and consequences of HL will be collected and the distribution of HL levels calculated. The mediating role of HL will be assessed using Preacher and Hayes' model. To assess the concurrent validity of the HL scales, correlation and receiver operating characteristic analyses will be performed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Area Vasta Centro. Results will be disseminated via scientific journals and conference presentations, and individual data made available to the GPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lorini
- Departement of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Maddalena Grazzini
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sarah Mantwill
- Department of Health Sciences & Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Virginia Vettori
- Departement of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Vieri Lastrucci
- Departement of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angela Bechini
- Departement of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Boccalini
- Departement of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Ford ME, Sterba KR, Bearden JD, Gansauer L, Moore LA, Zapka J. Recruiting colorectal cancer survivors to a surveillance study: Barriers and successful strategies. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2017; 100:526-533. [PMID: 28277291 PMCID: PMC5985812 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) survival rates are increasing. Effective strategies to recruit CRC survivors to surveillance studies are needed. OBJECTIVE We analyzed the barriers encountered while recruiting CRC survivors to a study assessing their surveillance care experiences. METHODS The study included three phases: (I) focus groups/key informant interviews; (II) cognitive interviews; and (III) a statewide population-based telephone survey. PARTICIPANTS In Phases I-II, clinic-based data and cancer center registries were used to identify CRC survivors who had received CRC resection within the past 18 months. In Phase III, survivors who had received CRC resection within the past two years were identified via a statewide, population-based cancer registry. RESULTS In Phase I, 16 survivors participated in focus groups at two National Cancer Center-affiliated sites (response rate=29.6%). Eighteen additional survivors participated in individual interviews (response rate=50%). In Phase II, 11 survivors participated in cognitive interviews (response rate=81.8%). In Phase III, 150 survivors participated in the statewide survey (response rate=62.2%). CONCLUSIONS Group-based/in-person recruitment efforts were unsuccessful due to scheduling barriers, lack of transportation, and remaining discomfort from previous resection surgery. Telephone-based data collection strategies produced higher response rates. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS To enhance CRC surveillance research, future studies could incorporate CRC survivor-centered recruitment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvella E Ford
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Cancer Disparities, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Katherine R Sterba
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - James D Bearden
- Gibbs Cancer Center & Research Institute, Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC, USA.
| | - Lucy Gansauer
- Gibbs Cancer Center & Research Institute, Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC, USA.
| | - Leslie A Moore
- Medical Student, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Jane Zapka
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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Johnson ST, Eurich DT, Lytvyak E, Mladenovic A, Taylor LM, Johnson JA, Vallance JK. Walking and type 2 diabetes risk using CANRISK scores among older adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:33-38. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the association between pedometer-assessed steps and type 2 diabetes risk using the Public Health Agency of Canada-developed 16-item Canadian Diabetes Risk Questionnaire (CANRISK) among a large population-based sample of older adults across Alberta, Canada. To achieve our study objective, adults without type 2 diabetes (N = 689) aged 55 years and older provided demographic data and CANRISK scores through computer-assisted telephone interviews between September and November 2012. Respondents also wore a step pedometer over 3 consecutive days to estimate average daily steps. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between achieving 7500 steps/day and risk of diabetes (low vs. moderate and high). Overall, 41% were male, average age was 63.4 (SD 5.5) years, body mass index was 26.7 (SD 5.0) kg/m2, and participants averaged 5671 (SD 3529) steps/day. All respondents indicated they were capable of walking for at least 10 min unassisted. CANRISK scores ranged from 13–60, with 18% in the low-risk category (<21). After adjustment, those not achieving 7500 steps/day (n = 507) were more than twice as likely to belong to the higher risk categories for type 2 diabetes compared with those walking ≥7500 steps/day (n = 182) (73.6% vs. 26.4%; odds ratio: 2.37; 95% confidence interval: 1.58 – 3.57). Among older adults without diabetes, daily steps were strongly and inversely associated with diabetes risk using the CANRISK score. Walking remains an important modifiable risk factor target for type 2 diabetes and achieving at least 7500 steps/day may be a reasonable target for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven T. Johnson
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada
| | - Dean T. Eurich
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Ellina Lytvyak
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Ana Mladenovic
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Lorian M. Taylor
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A. Johnson
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Jeff K. Vallance
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada
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Sitting Time and Mortality in Older Adults With Disability: A National Cohort Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:960.e15-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Al Sayah F, Johnson ST, Vallance J. Health Literacy, Pedometer, and Self-Reported Walking Among Older Adults. Am J Public Health 2015; 106:327-33. [PMID: 26691129 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2015.302901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the association of health literacy with physical activity and physical activity guideline adherence in older adults. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from a 2012 population-based study in Alberta, Canada, assessing health literacy, and deriving moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and metabolic equivalent of task (MET) minutes per week from the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, and steps per day via a pedometer. RESULTS Mean age of participants (n = 1296) was 66.4 (SD = 8.2) years, 57% were female, and 94% were White. Nine percent had inadequate health literacy, and 46% met guidelines for self-reported physical activity and 18% for steps per day. Participants with inadequate health literacy had nonsignificant adjusted decrements of 58 MVPA minutes and 218 MET minutes per week and were less likely to meet physical activity guidelines (MVPA: odds ratio = 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.41, 0.97; P = .037; MET: odds ratio = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.42, 1.01; P = .057) compared with their health-literate counterparts. Such differences were nonsignificant for steps per day. CONCLUSIONS Inadequate health literacy was associated with less likelihood of meeting MVPA guidelines based on self-reported physical activity, but not based on an objective measure of steps per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Al Sayah
- Fatima Al Sayah is with School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Steven T. Johnson and Jeff K. Vallance are with Centre for Nursing and Health Studies, Athabasca University, Edmonton
| | - Steven T Johnson
- Fatima Al Sayah is with School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Steven T. Johnson and Jeff K. Vallance are with Centre for Nursing and Health Studies, Athabasca University, Edmonton
| | - Jeff Vallance
- Fatima Al Sayah is with School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Steven T. Johnson and Jeff K. Vallance are with Centre for Nursing and Health Studies, Athabasca University, Edmonton
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Vallance J, Eurich D, Gardiner P, Taylor L, Johnson S. Associations of Daily Pedometer Steps and Self-Reported Physical Activity With Health-Related Quality of Life: Results From the Alberta Older Adult Health Survey. J Aging Health 2015; 28:661-74. [PMID: 26486783 DOI: 10.1177/0898264315609905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this article is to examine associations of self-reported physical activity (PA) and pedometer steps with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among a population-based sample of older adults. METHOD Adults ≥55 years (N = 1,296) were recruited through random-digit dialing and responded to a questionnaire via computer-assisted telephone interviewing methods. Questionnaires assessed demographic variables and validated measures of PA and HRQoL. Participants received a step pedometer and waist circumference tape measure via post. RESULTS Compared with participants in the low-step group (0-6,999 steps/day), participants in the high-step group (>10,000 steps/day) had significantly higher scores on mental health (Mdiff = 3.1, p < .001, confidence intervals [CI] = [1.8, 4.3]), physical health (Mdiff = 3.5, p < .001, CI = [2.2, 4.7]), and global health (Mdiff = 3.5, p < .001, CI = [2.3, 4.7]). Waist circumference and body mass index did not moderate any associations of pedometer steps and PA with HRQoL. CONCLUSION Older adults exceeding established step thresholds reported significantly higher HRQoL indices compared with those achieving lower thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Gardiner
- The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
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