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The dynamics of metabolic syndrome development from its isolated components among Iranian adults: findings from 17 years of the Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS). J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:95-105. [PMID: 34178824 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Evaluating the process of changes in the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) components over time is one of the ways to study of the MetS natural history. This study aimed to determine the trend of changes in the progression of MetS from its isolated components. Methods This longitudinal study was performed on four follow-up periods of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) between 1999 and 2015. The research population consisted of 3905 adults over the age of 18 years. MetS was diagnosed based on the Joint Interim Statement (JIS). The considered components were abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Results The highest incidence of MetS from its components was related to hypertension in the short term (3.6-year intervals). In the long run, however, the highest increase in the MetS incidence occurred due to abdominal obesity. Overall, the incidence of MetS increased due to obesity and dyslipidemia, but decreased due to the other factors. Nonetheless, the trend of MetS incidence from all components increased in total. The most common components were dyslipidemia with a decreasing trend and obesity with an increasing trend during the study. Conclusion The results indicated that obesity and hypertension components played a more important role in the further development of MetS compared to other components in the Iranian adult population. This necessitates careful and serious attention in preventive and control planning.
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Mesgari-Abbasi M, Mahmoudinezhad M, Farhangi MA. Soluble P-selectin, procalcitonin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and apo-proteins in association with the components of metabolic syndrome in obese individuals. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 41:386-390. [PMID: 33487294 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical disorder with widespread prevalence. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the association between serum soluble P-selectin, procalcitonin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and apo-proteins with the components of metabolic syndrome in obese individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty two obese patients with MetS and sixty five obese apparently healthy controls were participated in the current case-control study. The participants' anthropometric assessments and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were measured. Serum lipids and the concentrations of ox-LDL, P-selectin, procalcitonin, TGF-β and apo-proteins were measured with commercial ELIZA kits. RESULTS Serum TG and TC were significantly higher in obese subjects with MetS; while TGF-β, procalcitonin, apoprotein B and insulin concentrations were higher in obese non- MetS group. In obese subjects with MetS, procalcitonin was in positive association with ox-LDL and apoprotein-B was in positive association with HDL. In obese subjects without MetS, apoprotein -B was in positive association with WC and HDL and WC. CONCLUSION The current study found several associations between serum lipids and PCT and serum apo-proteins in obese individuals either with or without MetS. Further studies with large sample size are warranted to better elucidate the observed relationships and underlying mechanism. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not Applicable.
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Farmanfarma KK, Kaykhaei MA, Mohammadi M, Adineh HA, Ansari-Moghaddam A. The Prevalence and Trend of Metabolic Syndrome in the South-East of Iran. J Med Life 2021; 13:587-599. [PMID: 33456611 PMCID: PMC7803315 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2020-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is a set of metabolic disorders including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance or disorders of glucose absorption and metabolism, lipid disorders, and hypertension, which increases the risk of chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and mortality. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the trend of Mets and its components in Zahedan, a city located in South-East of Iran, from 2009 to 2017. A total of 761 individuals aged >20 years were followed from 2009 to 2017. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was measured at two-time points based on four criteria: International Diabetes Federation (IDF), National Cholesterol Education Program-Third Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP III), Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III), and American Heart Association and the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI). The prevalence of Mets ranged from 16.6 (95% CI: 13.9 - 19.2) (ATP III) to 23.70% (95% CI: 20.6 - 26.6) (AHA/NHLBI) in 2009. Accordingly, it increased from 5.2% to 7.3% during the study period using different criteria such that the frequency of Mets varied from 21.8 (95% CI: 18.8 - 24.7) (ATP III) to 31.0% (95% CI: 27.7 - 34.3) (AHA/NHLBI) in 2017. The increasing trend was prominent among females, persons aged <40 years, and those with the lowest educational level. Two components of Mets (abdominal obesity and diabetes) increased in prevalence, whereas elevated blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL declined. The study revealed an annual increase rate of about 1% in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, the increasing trend of some components of Mets highlights the urgency of addressing these components as health priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Kalan Farmanfarma
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ali Kaykhaei
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hussein Ali Adineh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Fatahi A, Doosti-Irani A, Cheraghi Z. Prevalence and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Prev Med 2020; 11:64. [PMID: 32577194 PMCID: PMC7297433 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_489_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a predictor of several diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, osteoarthritis, certain cancers, and death leading to public health concern in most societies. We aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and incidence of MetS in Iranian population through a meta-analysis study. We included cross-sectional and cohort studies to estimate the overall prevalence and incidence rates of MetS in Iran National databases including MagIran, Science Information Database, IranMedex, and international databases including Medline, Web of Sciences, and Scopus were searched up to October 2017. Finally, 125 studies were included. The total sample size was 472,401 with a mean age of 38 ± 7.8 years. The overall pooled prevalence and incidence rate among the general population of Iran was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.26, 0.29) and 97.96 (95% CI: 75.98, 131.48), respectively. The pooled prevalence of MetS was higher in females and in urban areas. The highest and lowest prevalence of MetS was obtained by the Iranian definition criteria (0.43) and the NHANES III (0.12). The highest and lowest incidence rates of MetS were obtained by IDF (144.07 per 1000) and the JIS (89.73 per 1000). The prevalence of MetS was higher in women and those living in urban areas. Furthermore, the prevalence of MetS increased with increasing age in both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azad Fatahi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amin Doosti-Irani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Cheraghi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Association of Weight Status with Dietary Intake and Dietary Diversity Score in 10 - 12-Year-Old Children in Tehran: A Cross-Sectional Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/ijp.85317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Farhangiyan Z, Latifi SM, Rashidi H, Shahbazian H. The most appropriate cut-off point of anthropometric indices in predicting the incidence of metabolic syndrome and its components. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2739-2745. [PMID: 31405702 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The association of individuals' anthropometric indices with their development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been investigated in several studies. Taking into account the ethnic differences, this study aimed to determine the most appropriate cut-off points of anthropometric indices in predicting the incidence of MetS and its components in Ahvaz. METHODS This study is part of a cohort study conducted at the Diabetes Research Center of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences on a population of over 20 in Ahvaz during 2009-2014. Of the 592 patients, 505 patients who were not diagnosed with MetS in 2009, were entered into this study. The data analyzed involved demographic information including age and sex, anthropometric information including height, weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and the ratios between them, laboratory data including blood levels of Triglyceride (TG), Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and clinical data including systolic(S) and diastolic(D)blood pressure(BP). After 5 years, the subjects were re-evaluated for MetS based on the National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria and the most appropriate cut-off points of anthropometric indices for the prediction of the incidence of MetS using the Receiver Operative Characteristic (ROC) curves were obtained. RESULTS Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) index with a cut-off point of 0.53 followed by WC with a cut-off point of 87.5 cm had the highest power to predict the incidence of MetS. The cut-off points of WC and Body mass index (BMI) were respectively 89.5 cm and 26 kg/m2 for men, and 83.5 cm and 27.5 kg/m2 for women. All anthropometric indices were able to predict the components of this syndrome (with the exception of low HDL-C). The cut-off point of WC in predicting High FBS, High TG and High BP was 84.5, 84.8, and 86.5 cm, respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, it seems that given its ease of measurement, the WC index is preferred to other indices for predicting the incidence of MetS and its components in clinical screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Farhangiyan
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Latifi
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Homeira Rashidi
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Hajieh Shahbazian
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Early weight gain predicts later metabolic syndrome in depressed patients treated with antidepressants: Findings from the METADAP cohort. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 107:120-127. [PMID: 30390577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public health issue. We assessed whether early weight gain predicts later MetS in depressed patients treated with antidepressants. METHODS In the 6-month prospective METADAP cohort, 260 non-overweight patients with a Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and a current Major Depressive Episode (MDE) were assessed for early weight gain (>5%) after one month of treatment, and for the later incidence of MetS after three and six months of treatment. Outcome variables were MetS, the number of MetS criteria, and each MetS criterion (high Waist Circumference (WC), high Blood Pressure (BP), high triglyceridemia (TG), low HDL-Cholesterolemia, and high Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG). Multivariate models were adjusted for age, sex, previous MDD duration, severity of current MDE, and antidepressants. RESULTS 24.6% of patients had early weight gain. Compared to those without weight gain, patients with early weight gain had higher MetS incidence: 16.7% vs. 6.9% after 3 months (p = 0.07), and 23.8% vs. 7.1% after 6 months (p = 0.02). Among completers (n = 120), early weight gain was significantly associated with later MetS incidence (OR: 5.5) and a higher number of MetS criteria (IRR: 1.7). This effect was driven by the WC, TG, and HDL-C criteria. CONCLUSION Compared to Non-early weight gainers, patients with early weight gain in the first month of antidepressant treatment have a significant higher risk of developing MetS during the 6 months of treatment. Early weight monitoring is recommended in order to set preventive measures to avoid new metabolic syndromes in depressed patients treated with antidepressants.
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Hosseini-Esfahani F, Bahadoran Z, Moslehi N, Asghari G, Yuzbashian E, Hosseinpour-Niazi S, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Metabolic Syndrome: Findings from 20 Years of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2018; 16:e84771. [PMID: 30584438 PMCID: PMC6289295 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.84771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT In recent decades, investigations have been focused on the definition, incidence and predictors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Iranians. This study aimed to review systematically investigations on MetS, conducted among the Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS) participants. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Literature on MetS documented by TLGS studies published from 2000 to 2017 were searched using Pubmed and Scopus database in English language with a combination of following keywords: Metabolic syndrome, TLGS. RESULTS The harmonized definition of MetS was confirmed, based on the estimated cut point of waist circumference (WC) ≥ 95 cm for both genders in Iran. The incidence rate was 550.9/10000 person/years, lower among women (433.5/10000) than men (749.2/10000). The prevalence of abdominal obesity, high triglycerides (TG), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high blood pressure (BP), and high fasting blood glucose (FBG) was 30, 46, 69, 34, and 12%, respectively. The prevalence of MetS in adolescents was 10.1% with no significant difference between boys and girls (10.3% in boys and 9.9% in girls). A strong association of WC (OR: 2.32, CI: 2.06 - 2.59) and TGs (OR: 1.95, CI: 1.65 - 2.11) with development of MetS was found. In adolescent boys, WC had the highest OR for MetS risk. WHO-defined MetS was a significant predictor of total and cardiovascular mortality both in men (HR: 1.66, CI: 1.23 - 2.24; HR:1.93, CI: 1.26 - 2.94) and women (HR: 2.01, CI: 1.39 - 2.88; HR:2.71, CI: 1.44 - 5.09). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate high incidence of MetS in Tehranian adults and adolescents; high WC also appears to be a strong predictor of MetS. All definitions of MetS predicted cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Moslehi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golaleh Asghari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Yuzbashian
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Mohammadbeigi A, Farahani H, Moshiri E, Sajadi M, Ahmadli R, Afrashteh S, Khazaei S, Ansari H. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Associations with Lipid Profiles in Iranian Men: A Population-Based Screening Program. World J Mens Health 2017; 36:50-56. [PMID: 29164829 PMCID: PMC5756807 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.17014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by a collection of interdependent disorders, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and diabetes. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MS in Qom, Iran. Materials and Methods A population-based screening program was conducted in the city of Qom, in 845 urban adult men over 25 years old in 2014. Abdominal obesity, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure, and the serum lipid profile were measured in subjects after fasting for at least 8 hours. MS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression. Results The overall prevalence of MS was 23.0%, and the most common prevalent metabolic abnormalities associated with MS were low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<40 mg/dL) in 34.3% of subjects, a waist circumference >102 cm in 33.9%, blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg in 27.6%, fasting triglycerides (TG) ≥150 mg/dL in 25%, and FBG ≥110 mg/dL in 20.6%. A FBG level ≥110 mg/dL (odds ratio [OR]=4.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.14~8.24), dyslipidemia (OR=3.51; 95% CI, 2.10~5.89), and a fasting TG ≥150 mg/dL were the most important factors contributing to MS. Conclusions The prevalence of MS in men in Qom was higher than has been reported in other countries, but it was lower than the mean values that have been reported elsewhere in Iran. FBG was the most important factor contributing to MS, and all elements of the lipid profile showed important associations with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Disease Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Hamid Farahani
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Disease Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Esmail Moshiri
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Mahbobeh Sajadi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Robabeh Ahmadli
- Health Policy and Promotion Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Sima Afrashteh
- Vic-Chancellor for Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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The Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and the Most Powerful Components as Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Central Iran: A 10-Year Follow-Up in a Cohort Study. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.14934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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Hajiluian G, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Jahangiry L. Mediterranean dietary pattern and VEGF +405 G/C gene polymorphisms in patients with metabolic syndrome: An aspect of gene-nutrient interaction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171637. [PMID: 28212431 PMCID: PMC5315280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the relationship between Mediterranean dietary pattern, anthropometric and metabolic biomarkers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +405 G/C gene polymorphism in patient with metabolic syndrome (Mets). Materials and methods In this study 150 patients with Mets and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled. Dietary intakes were evaluated with a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and Mediterranean dietary quality index (Med-DQI) was assessed. Anthropometric assessments and blood pressure measurement were performed. Biochemical assays including fasting serum glucose (FSG), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), liver enzymes and lipid profiles were also assessed. Polymorphism of +405 G/C VEGF gene was determined utilizing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results Serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) concentrations and FSG were significantly higher in metabolic syndrome patients compared with control group (P < 0.05). Metabolic syndrome group with high consumption of “cholesterol” had significantly upper serum TG; also high consumption of “fish” and “vegetables-fruits” was associated with a significantly lower serum LDL concentrations. In metabolic syndrome patients with CC genotype, mean score of “saturated fatty acid” subgroup was significantly higher compared with other genotypes; whereas, in healthy individuals, mean score of “fruit-vegetable” subgroup in individuals of CC and GG genotype was significantly higher (P<0.05). Conclusion Our findings indicated a significant relationship between Mediterranean dietary quality index and both anthropometric and metabolic risk factors. We also indicated a higher “saturated fatty acid” intake in CC genotype among metabolic syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Hajiluian
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Nutrition Research Center, Drug Applied Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Leila Jahangiry
- Health Education and Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Payab M, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Merati Y, Esteghamati A, Qorbani M, Hematabadi M, Rashidian H, Shirzad N. The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Different Obesity Phenotype in Iranian Male Military Personnel. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:404-413. [PMID: 28201955 PMCID: PMC5675284 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316683120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, especially when concentrated in the abdominal area, is often associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome. Stress, particularly occupational stress, is one of the most important factors contributing to the increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome components among different populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity as well as the criteria for metabolic syndrome and its risk factors and different obesity phenotype in a population of military personnel aged 20 to 65 years. This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study in which data are extracted from the database of a military hospital (2,200 participants). The records of participants contained information such as age, marital status, educational level, weight, height, body mass index, blood pressure, waist circumference, history of drug use and smoking, as well as the results of tests including lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. The Adult Treatment Panel III criteria as well as two national criteria were used to identify metabolic syndrome among participants. Data analysis was p1erformed using SPSS version 16. The average age of participants was 33.37 (7.75) years. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to Iranian cutoff was 26.6% for the waist circumference >90 cm (585 persons) and 19.6% for the waist circumference >95 cm (432 persons). The rate of metabolic syndrome was identified as 11.1% (432 cases) according to Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Results of the current study identified that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among military individuals is less than other populations, but the prevalence of the syndrome is higher than other military personnel in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moloud Payab
- 1 Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- 1 Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,2 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Merati
- 3 Internal Medicine Resident,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Esteghamati
- 4 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- 5 Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Hematabadi
- 6 Department of Endocrinology, Vali-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Rashidian
- 2 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Shirzad
- 2 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,6 Department of Endocrinology, Vali-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Du S, Wang C, Jiang W, Li C, Li Y, Feng R, Sun C. The impact of body weight gain on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome during earlier and later adulthood. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 116:183-91. [PMID: 27321334 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Body weight gain adds risk for metabolic disorders and there are different metabolic changes in earlier and later adulthood. However, its impact on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was indeterminate. The aim of current study was to evaluate the impact of body weight gain on NAFLD and metabolic syndrome (MetS) during overall, earlier (25-40y) and later (over 40y) adulthood. METHODS 1119 subjects were selected to calculate changes in body weight (ΔBW), body mass index (BMI) (ΔBMI) and bodyweight per year (ΔBW/y) to analysis their impact on NAFLD and MetS in multi-variable regression models, and explored the potential mediators that associated ΔBMI with NAFLD by mediation analysis. RESULTS ΔBMI, ΔBW and ΔBW/y in whole adulthood were all positively associated with NAFLD and MetS. Body weight gain during earlier adulthood was more strongly associated with NAFLD than those during later adulthood. In NAFLD, the ORs of ΔBMI (third trisection), ΔBW and ΔBW/y were 3.86 (2.25, 6.57), 1.05 (1.02, 1.09) and 2.05 (1.29, 3.24) during earlier adulthood, and 1.47 (1.09, 2.02), 1.02 (1.00, 1.06), and 1.04 (.99, 1.13) over 40y. Insulin and HOMA-IR were important intermediates that associated ΔBMI with NAFLD. ΔBMI in earlier adulthood increased higher insulin and insulin resistance (IR) than later adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Body weight gain in adulthood was positively associated with NAFLD and MetS, and the association was stronger in earlier than later adulthood. Insulin and IR were important mediators that contributed to the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Du
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Physical Examination Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanchuan Li
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rennan Feng
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Changhao Sun
- National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Eftekhari MH, Sohrabi Z, Parsa N, Zibaee Nezhad MJ. Role of Gender in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Related Risk Factors in Shiraz Healthy Heart Center Population. Int Cardiovasc Res J 2015. [DOI: 10.17795/icrj-9(4)231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Salehi-Abargouei A, Akbari F, Bellissimo N, Azadbakht L. Dietary diversity score and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Mirmiran P, Moslehi N, Mahmoudof H, Sadeghi M, Azizi F. A Longitudinal Study of Adherence to the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Metabolic Syndrome in a Non-Mediterranean Population. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2015; 13:e26128. [PMID: 26425127 PMCID: PMC4584365 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.26128v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been proposed to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the association of the diet on MetS in non-Mediterranean populations remains unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether adherence to the MedDiet is related to the incident MetS and its components during a 3-year follow-up among Iranian adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS Longitudinal associations between the MedDiet and MetS components were investigated on 2241 adults, aged 18 - 74 years, without type 2 diabetes selected from participants of the Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS). The association between the MedDiet and MetS incidence was also examined in 1661 participants, free of Mets at baseline. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using the traditional Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and a recently posteriori adaptation of the MDS of Sofi et al. (Sofi-MDS). MetS was defined according to the recent interim consensus. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, neither higher MDS nor higher Sofi-MDS were significantly associated with the mean values of MetS components and the risk of metabolic abnormalities incidence after 3 years follow-up. During the 3 years of follow-up, 246 developed MetS were identified. In multivariable model, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of developing MetS did not differ significantly in participants with the highest tertile of the MDS (OR (95% CI): 0.88 (0.62 - 1.23)) or sofi-MDS (OR (95% CI):1.12 (0.77 - 1.62)) compared to those in the lowest tertiles. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the MedDiet, according to MDS and Sofi-MDS, may not predict MetS components and MetS incidence after 3 years of follow-up in Iranian adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Nazanin Moslehi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hessameddin Mahmoudof
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Prevention of Malnutrition and Linked Pathologies, University Montpellier South of France, Montpellier, France
| | - Mahbubeh Sadeghi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Lee S, Shin C. Habitual sleep initiation time and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly adults. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/sbr.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Lee
- Institute of Human Genomic Study; School of Medicine; Korea University Ansan Hospital; Ansan Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Institute of Human Genomic Study; School of Medicine; Korea University Ansan Hospital; Ansan Korea
- Division of Pulmonary; Sleep and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine; Korea University Ansan Hospital; Ansan Korea
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Maleki A, Rashidi N, Aghaei Meybodi H, Montazeri M, Montazeri M, Falsafi F, Ghanavati R, Forughi S, Alyari F. Metabolic syndrome and inflammatory biomarkers in adults: a population-based survey in Western region of iran. Int Cardiovasc Res J 2014; 8:156-60. [PMID: 25614859 PMCID: PMC4302503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that inflammation may be involved in pathogenesis of MetS. Inflammatory biomarkers are moving to the forefront as the potent predictors of MetS. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the association between MetS and some inflammatory biomarkers. PATIENTS AND METHODS This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 800 subjects aged above 35 years selected through random sampling in Borujerd (west of Iran) from 2011 to 2013. MetS was defined based on ATP III criteria and the subjects were divided into two groups (MetS and non-MetS groups). Waist circumference and Body Mass Index (BMI) were calculated. In addition, blood samples were taken and C-Reactive Protein (CRP), lipid profile, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), and Bleeding Time (BT) were measured. Then, the correlations between MetS and the above-mentioned variables were estimated. After all, the data were entered into the SPSS statistical software (v. 17) and analyzed using T-test, chi-square, median test, and spearman's rank correlation. RESULTS In this study, 344 subjects (43%) met the ATP III criteria. The results showed a significant difference between MetS and non-MetS groups regarding BMI, white blood cell, total cholesterol, LDL, platelet, and high-sensitivity CPR (hs-CRP) (P < 0.0001, P = 0.040, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P = 0.045, respectively). Besides, waist circumference, Triglyceride (TG), FBS, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher, while HDL was significantly lower in the MetS group (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The incidence rate of MetS in our survey was higher compared to the previous reports. In addition, this incidence rate was higher in females in comparison to males. The results also showed a significant correlation between inflammatory biomarkers and MetS and that the higher levels of hs-CRP were associated with higher rate of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maleki
- Department of Cardiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran
| | - Negin Rashidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hamidreza Aghaei Meybodi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mahdi Montazeri
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran,Corresponding author: Mahdi Montazeri, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Northern Kargar Avenue, Tehran, IR Iran, Tel: +98-2122976951, Fax: +98-2122976951, E-mail:
| | - Mohammad Montazeri
- Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, IR Iran
| | - Farid Falsafi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reza Ghanavati
- Department of Cardiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran
| | - Saeid Forughi
- School of Nursing, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran
| | - Farshid Alyari
- Imam Khomeini Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran
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The effects of 6 isocaloric meals pattern on blood lipid profile, glucose, hemoglobin a1c, insulin and malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 39:433-9. [PMID: 25242841 PMCID: PMC4164890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present clinical trial study aims at investigating the effect of daily energy intake in 6 isocaloric meals in comparison with the current meal pattern (3 meals and 2 small snacks per day) on type 2 diabetes risk markers in diabetes during 3-month period. METHODS Eighty four type 2 diabetes patients were randomly divided into 6 isocaloric meal diet or a balanced diet (3 meals and 2 snacks previous meal pattern). The planned reduced calorie diets for both groups were identical except for the meal pattern. Blood samples were analyzed before and after the investigation for fasting blood sugar (FBS), two-hour post-prandial glucose (2hPP), insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, and molondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. RESULTS HbA1c (P=0.00) and body mass index (BMI) (P=0.04) values decreased significantly in the 6 isocaloric meal pattern compared with the controls. There were no significant differences in fasting serum glucose (P=0.09), insulin (P=0.65), total cholesterol (P=0.32), LDL-C (P=0.43), HDL-C (P=0.40) cholesterol, triglyceride (P=0.40), MDA (P=0.13) and 2hPP serum glucose (P=0.30) concentrations between the 6 isocaloric meal and tradition meal pattern. CONCLUSION Six isocaloric meal pattern in comparison with the current meal pattern led to weight loss and improved glycemic control. Serum lipid profile and MDA did not change significantly. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT201205179780N1.
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Jahangiry L, Shojaeizadeh D, Najafi M, Mohammad K, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Montazeri A. 'Red Ruby': an interactive web-based intervention for lifestyle modification on metabolic syndrome: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:748. [PMID: 25059121 PMCID: PMC4122769 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although effectiveness of web-based interventions on lifestyle changes are recognized, the potential of such programs on metabolic syndrome has not been explored. We describe the protocol of a randomized controlled trial that aims to determine the feasibility, acceptability, usability, and effectiveness of interactive technology on lifestyle intervention in a population with metabolic syndrome. METHODS/DESIGN This is a two-arm randomized controlled trial. The study includes 160 participants (n = 80 per arm) who will be recruited via online registration on the study website. The inclusion criteria are that they should have metabolic syndrome and have access to the Internet. All participants will receive information on dietary intake and physical activity through the study website. The intervention group will receive additional resources via the study website including interactive Healthy Heart Profile and calorie restricted diet tailored to the participants. The primary outcomes are feasibility, acceptability, usability, and the change in metabolic syndrome components. The secondary outcomes are comparing quality of life, physical activity and food intake among the study arms. The participants will be followed up to 6 months with data collection scheduled at baseline, 3 and 6 months. DISCUSSION There is a need for developing and evaluating web-based interventions that target people with high risk for cardiovascular diseases. This study will therefore make an important contribution to this novel field of research and practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT201111198132N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Jahangiry
- />Health Education and Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Shojaeizadeh
- />Health Education and Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Najafi
- />Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Mohammad
- />Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- />Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- />Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institutes for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Diagnosis and Evaluation of Disease Severity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5812/thrita.11795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hadaegh F, Hasheminia M, Lotfaliany M, Mohebi R, Azizi F, Tohidi M. Incidence of metabolic syndrome over 9 years follow-up; the importance of sex differences in the role of insulin resistance and other risk factors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76304. [PMID: 24086723 PMCID: PMC3785433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine, the predictors of incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a community-based cohort of West Asians, during a mean follow-up of 9.3 years, a sample of 2858 non-MetS Iranian adults aged ≥ 20 years were examined at baseline and followed at three year intervals during three consecutive phases. The MetS was defined using the joint interim statement. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine the independent variables associated with incident MetS. Overall, 1117 new cases MetS were identified resulting in an incidence rate of 550.9/10000 person years (95% CI: 519.5-584.2). The corresponding incidence rates among women and men were 433.5/10000 person years (95% CI: 398.8-471.2) and 749.2/10000 person years (95% CI: 689.9-813.5), respectively. Baseline-adjusted predictors of developing MetS included all of the MetS components, being overweight or obese in both gender, and family history of diabetes and age only in women. There were significant effect modifications of gender on age (P<0.001), high blood pressure (0.026), high waist circumference (P<0001) and obesity categories (all P ≤ 0.01) in multivariate analysis. After considering HOMA–IR in the model, among women, all of the MetS predictors as well as those with HOMA-IR ≥ 2.23 showed a significant risk for incident MetS [HR: 1.63 (1.16-2.28)]; however, among men all the MetS components (WC was marginally significant) as well as the fourth quartile of HOMA-IR [HR: 1.50 (1.03-2.17)] and being overweight showed a significant risk. Finally, in the pooled analysis, we showed that female gender had lower risk for incident MetS than male [HR: 0.58 (0.47-0.70)]. In the Iranian population, high incidence of MetS, especially among men, was shown. Our findings confirmed that sex- specific risk predictors should be considered in primary prevention for incident MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hasheminia
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Lotfaliany
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mohebi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Tohidi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
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Chang HC, Horng JT, Chau TT, Chen YW, Hsieh CF, Chang CW, Hsiao TM. Relationship between Changes in Components Associated with Metabolic Syndrome and Disappearance, or Remission, of Metabolic Syndrome during 1 Year. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:2311-20. [DOI: 10.1177/030006051204000629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Prior research has focused on the relationship between weight change and incidence of metabolic syndrome. Change in body mass index (BMI), components of metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome status were investigated over 1 year of follow-up. Methods: Subjects with metabolic syndrome from a community health screening project were recruited. Logistic regression was used to analyse the disappearance or remission of metabolic syndrome during 1 year according to changes in BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides, blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Results: The study included 490 subjects with metabolic syndrome. After 1 year, metabolic syndrome had disappeared in 30.0% (147/490) of subjects. Decreased triglycerides, blood pressure and HDL-C were significantly associated with the 1-year disappearance of metabolic syndrome, whereas BMI, waist circumference and FPG levels were not. Conclusions: Short-term weight reduction has no impact on the status of metabolic syndrome. The disappearance of metabolic syndrome was common during a 1-year follow-up. This finding might impact on the treatment and management of people with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-C Chang
- Department of Community Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Health Care Management, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - J-T Horng
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taiwan
| | - T-T Chau
- Department of Community Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Y-W Chen
- Department of Neurology, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-F Hsieh
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - C-W Chang
- Department of Information Management, Hsing Wu College, Taiwan
| | - T-M Hsiao
- Department of Community Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of weight gain on cardiovascular risk factors among younger (25 to 44 years) and older (45 to 64 years) Japanese male workers in terms of population attributable risk percentage (PAR%). METHODS Using the 2008 and 2009 health examination data, 49,587 eligible male workers aged 25 to 64 years were examined for their 1-year changes in body weight and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS Mean weight change was significantly greater than zero in the younger group (+0.27 kg) but not in the older group (-0.08 kg). The PAR% due to weight gain for the development and maintenance of cardiovascular risk factors was estimated at 21.8% and 5.4%, respectively, in the younger and older groups. CONCLUSIONS The age-stratified PAR% estimates suggest that weight gain prevention programs will make greater contributions to cardiovascular health in younger than in older male workers.
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Abstract
AbstractIntroduction: Data on long-term patterns of weight change in relation to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are scarce. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of weight change on the risk of MetS in men. Material and Methods: Prospective longitudinal observation (17.9 ± 8.1 years) of apparently healthy 324 men aged 18–64 years. Metabolic risk was assessed in weight gain (⩾ 2.5 kg), stable weight (> −2.5 kg and < 2.5 kg) and weight loss (⩽ −2.5 kg) groups. Adjusted relative risk (RR) of MetS was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of MetS over follow-up was 22.5%. There was a strong relationship between weight gain and worsening of MetS components among baseline overweight men. Long-term increase in weight was most strongly related with the risk of abdominal obesity (RR=7.26; 95% CI 2.98–18.98), regardless of baseline body mass index (BMI). Weight loss was protective against most metabolic disorders. Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) with energy expenditure > 2000 metabolic equivalent/min/week was associated with a significantly lower risk of MetS. Conclusions: Reducing weight among overweight and maintaining stable weight among normal-weight men lower the risk of MetS. High LTPA level may additionally decrease the metabolic risk regardless of BMI.
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Tohidi M, Hatami M, Hadaegh F, Azizi F. Triglycerides and triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio are strong predictors of incident hypertension in Middle Eastern women. J Hum Hypertens 2011; 26:525-32. [PMID: 21776016 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2011.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia has been reported as a risk factor for incident hypertension in a few prospective studies, however, no study has specifically assessed different lipid measures including the lipid ratios, that is, total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TGs)/HDL-C as predictors of hypertension among Middle Eastern women with high prevalences of dyslipidemia and hypertension. The study population consisted of 2831 non-hypertensive women, aged ≥ 20 years. We measured lipoproteins, and calculated non-HDL-C and the lipid ratios. The risk-factor-adjusted odds ratios for incident hypertension were calculated for every 1 standard deviation (s.d.) change in TC, log-transformed TG, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C and log-transformed TG/HDL-C using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Over a mean follow-up of 6.4 years, 397 women developed hypertension. An increase of 1 s.d. in TG, TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C increased the risk of incident hypertension by 16, 19 and 18%, respectively, and 1 s.d. increase in HDL-C decreased the risk of hypertension by 14% in the multivariable model (all P ≤ 0.05). In models excluding women with diabetes and central or general obesity, TG, TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C remained as independent predictors of incident hypertension. In conclusion, dyslipidemia, using serum TG and TG/HDL-C, in particular, may be useful in identification of women at risk of hypertension, even in those without diabetes and central or general obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tohidi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hosseini-Esfahani F, Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Hosseinpour-Niazi S, Hosseinpanah F, Azizi F. Dietary fructose and risk of metabolic syndrome in adults: Tehran Lipid and Glucose study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2011; 8:50. [PMID: 21749680 PMCID: PMC3154855 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that the excessive fructose intake may induce adverse metabolic effects. There is no direct evidence from epidemiological studies to clarify the association between usual amounts of fructose intake and the metabolic syndrome. Objective The aim this study was to determine the association of fructose intake and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Tehranian adults. Methods This cross-sectional population based study was conducted on 2537 subjects (45% men) aged 19-70 y, participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006-2008). Dietary data were collected using a validated 168 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary fructose intake was calculated by sum of natural fructose (NF) in fruits and vegetables and added fructose (AF) in commercial foods. MetS was defined according to the modified NCEP ATP III for Iranian adults. Results The mean ages of men and women were 40.5 ± 13.6 and 38.6 ± 12.8 years, respectively. Mean total dietary fructose intakes were 46.5 ± 24.5 (NF: 19.6 ± 10.7 and AF: 26.9 ± 13.9) and 37.3 ± 24.2 g/d (NF: 18.6 ± 10.5 and AF: 18.7 ± 13.6) in men and women, respectively. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of fructose intakes, men and women in the highest quartile, respectively, had 33% (95% CI, 1.15-1.47) and 20% (95% CI, 1.09-1.27) higher risk of the metabolic syndrome; 39% (CI, 1.16-1.63) and 20% (CI, 1.07-1.27) higher risk of abdominal obesity; 11% (CI, 1.02-1.17) and 9% (CI, 1.02-1.14) higher risk of hypertension; and 9% (CI, 1-1.15) and 9% (1.04-1.12) higher risk of impaired fasting glucose. Conclusion Higher consumption of dietary fructose may have adverse metabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46 Arghavan-e-gharbi St, Farahzadi Blv, Shahrak-e-Ghods, Tehran, 19395-4741, Iran.
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Lin YC, Chen JD, Chen PC. Excessive 5-year weight gain predicts metabolic syndrome development in healthy middle-aged adults. World J Diabetes 2011; 2:8-15. [PMID: 21537445 PMCID: PMC3083901 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v2.i1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To quantitatively examine the impacts of an easy-to-measure parameter - weight gain - on metabolic syndrome development among middle-aged adults.
METHODS: We conducted a five-year interval observational study. A total of 1384 middle-aged adults not meeting metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria at the initial screening were included in our analysis. Baseline data such as MetS-components and lifestyle factors were collected in 2002. Body weight and MetS-components were measured in both 2002 and 2007. Participants were classified according to proximal quartiles of weight gain (WG) in percentages (%WG ≤ 1%, 1% < %WG ≤ 5%, 5% < %WG ≤ 10% and %WG > 10%, defined as: control, mild-WG, moderate-WG and severe-WG groups, respectively) at the end of the follow-up. Multivariate models were used to assess the association between MetS outcome and excessive WG in the total population, as well as in both genders.
RESULTS: In total, 175 (12.6%) participants fulfilled MetS criteria within five years. In comparison to the control group, mild-WG adults had an insignificant risk for MetS development while adults having moderate-WG had a 3.0-fold increased risk for progression to MetS [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8-5.1], and this risk was increased 5.4-fold (95% CI, 3.0-9.7) in subjects having severe-WG. For females having moderate- and severe-WG, the risk for developing MetS was 3.6 (95% CI, 1.03-12.4) and 5.5 (95% CI, 1.4-21.4), respectively. For males having moderate- and severe-WG, the odds ratio for MetS outcome was respectively 3.0 (95% CI, 1.6-5.5) and 5.2 (95% CI, 2.6-10.2).
CONCLUSION: For early-middle-aged healthy adults with a five-year weight gain over 5%, the severity of weight gain is related to the risk for developing metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Lin
- Yu-Cheng Lin, The Department of Occupational Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 23742, Taiwan, China
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Choi JK, Kim MY, Kim JK, Park JK, Oh SS, Koh SB, Eom A. Association between Short Sleep Duration and High Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Midlife Women. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2011; 225:187-93. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.225.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
| | - Min-Young Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
| | - Jong-Koo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
| | - Jong-Ku Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
| | - Sung-Soo Oh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
| | - Sang-Baek Koh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
- Institute of Genomic Cohort, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
| | - Aeyong Eom
- Department of Nursing, Mokpo National University
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Shara NM. Cardiovascular disease in Middle Eastern women. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 20:412-418. [PMID: 20554171 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) are rising among Middle Eastern women. Despite this threat, awareness and understanding of CVD are low and surveillance data are nonexistent for many populations in this region. In this review, the data available on CVD in Middle Eastern women will be generalized. Population-based studies in the Middle East have been sporadic and most have been cross-sectional with small samples. Many Middle Eastern countries lack reliable surveillance data regarding the prevalence and incidence of CVD and its risk factors in women. This information is crucial for monitoring the scope of the problem and for guiding intervention strategies. Because of the ethnic heterogeneity of this region and the rapidly changing lifestyles, well-designed, longitudinal, large-scale population-based studies that focus on CVD and its risk factors are needed in multiple areas of the Middle East.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Shara
- MedStar Research Institute, 6495 New Hampshire Ave., Suite 201, Hyattsville, MD 20783, USA.
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Long-term weight gain and metabolic syndrome, adiponectin and C-reactive protein in women aged 50-60 years. Adv Med Sci 2010; 55:186-90. [PMID: 21097445 DOI: 10.2478/v10039-010-0047-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the weight change during 30-40 year follow-up on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) components, C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 153 women. Blood pressure, anthropometric and laboratory measures were done at the age of 50-60 years. All women declared normal body weight at age 20. The MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF 2005). Women were divided into four groups according to weight gain: < 10 kg, 10-19 kg, 20-29 kg, > 30 kg. RESULTS The highest values of waist circumference, BMI, WHR, CRP, glucose, HOMA index, insulin, triglycerides, blood pressure and the lowest concentrations of adiponectin and HDL-cholesterol were observed in the group with the highest weight gain (above 30 kg). Odds ratio for MS was tenfold higher in group with weight gain 10-19 kg and 20-29 kg and twenty fold higher in group with weight gain above 30 kg. In multiple regression analysis CRP was most significantly correlated with weight gain. CONCLUSIONS Among biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome CRP seems to be the most significantly related to weight gain. The risk of metabolic syndrome is significantly increased even when the weight gain is 10 kg in middle-aged women characterized by a normal BMI at the age of 20.
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