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Herawati H, Wihadmadyatami H, Zulfikar MA, Raissa R, Mataram MBA, Kurniawati S, Pratama DAO. Bovine umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium increased expression of GLUT-4 in pancreas of diabetic rats induced by nicotinamide-streptozotocin. Open Vet J 2024; 14:1761-1770. [PMID: 39308716 PMCID: PMC11415927 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i8.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes is a degenerative disease associated with metabolic disorders. The majority of people have type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) insulin resistance due to an unhealthy lifestyle. The development of DM treatment is also growing, one of which is using conditioned medium. Aim This study aims to determine the effect of Bovine umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (BUMSC-CM) on nicotinamide (NA) and streptozotocin (STZ) induced rats as an animal model of DM. Methods The study began with the in vitro docking of Cholecalciferol with aldolase reductase and glucokinase. In the in vivo study, animal models were divided into five groups: group A (negative control), group B (diabetic rats), group C (NA+STZ+Metformin), group D (NA+STZ+ BUMSC-CM 0.2 ml/kg BW), and group E (NA+STZ+ BUMSC-CM 0.5 ml/kg BW). Blood sugar levels were checked, and BUMSC-CM was administered by intramuscular injection at four-day intervals for a duration of 16 days. Blood sugar levels were also sampled, and GLUT4 histochemical and immunohistochemical staining was performed. Results The results showed that Cholecalciferol can bind to aldolase reductase ASP43 and TYR48 and bind to glucokinase at TYR214 with hydrogen bonds. BUMSC-CM administration was able to reduce blood sugar well. In addition, BUMSC-CM also helped repair the tissue structure of the pancreas damaged by inflammation from STZ administration. Conclusion This study can be concluded that the administration of BUMSC-CM can be an alternative cell-free therapy for patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herawati Herawati
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Hevi Wihadmadyatami
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Ali Zulfikar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Institute Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ricadonna Raissa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Made Bagus Auriva Mataram
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Siti Kurniawati
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Dyah Ayu O.A. Pratama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
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Binayi F, Saeidi B, Farahani F, Sadat Izadi M, Eskandari F, Azarkish F, Sahraei M, Ghasemi R, Khodagholi F, Zardooz H. Sustained feeding of a diet high in fat resulted in a decline in the liver's insulin-degrading enzyme levels in association with the induction of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in adult male rats: Evaluation of 4-phenylbutyric acid. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32804. [PMID: 38975085 PMCID: PMC11226834 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study explored the impact of high fat diet (HFD) on hepatic oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and its insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) content with the injection of 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) in adult male rats. Following the weaning period, male offspring were distributed among six distinct groups. The corresponding diet was used for 20 weeks, subsequently 4-PBA was administered for three consecutive days. Plasma glucose and insulin levels, HOMA-β (homeostasis model assessment of β-cell), hepatic ER and oxidative stress biomarkers and IDE protein content were assessed. Long-term ingestion of HFD (31 % cow butter) induced oxidative and ER stress in the liver tissue. Accordingly, a rise in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and catalase enzyme activity and a decrease in the glutathione (GSH) content were detected within the liver of the HFD and HFD + DMSO groups. Consumption of this diet elevated the liver expression of binding immunoglobulin protein (BIP) and C/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) levels while reduced its IDE content. The HOMA-β decreased significantly. The injection of the 4-PBA moderated all the induced changes. Findings from this study indicated that prolonged HFD consumption led to a reduction in plasma insulin levels, likely attributed to pancreatic β cell malfunction, as evidenced by a decline in the HOMA-β index. Also, the HFD appears to have triggered oxidative and ER stress in the liver, along with a decrease in its IDE content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Binayi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Saeidi
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farahani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Sadat Izadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Eskandari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Azarkish
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sahraei
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeira Zardooz
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Baral A, Liu J, Garcia-Davis S, Diggs BNA, Ayala L, Aka A, Agrawal YS, Messiah SE, Vidot DC. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Emerging Adult Cannabis Users by Race/Ethnicity: Analysis of the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE OPEN 2024; 11:100069. [PMID: 39034940 PMCID: PMC11256325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajmo.2024.100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Association between cannabis use and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been documented; yet variation by race/ethnicity is understudied. We examined cannabis use and MetS by race/ethnicity among emerging adults (18-25 years old), the age group with the highest prevalence of cannabis use. Methods Data from 18- to 25-year-olds who completed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2018) were analyzed. Current cannabis use was defined as ≥1 day of use in the last 30 days. MetS was defined using standardized guidelines as ≥3 of the following: elevated fasting glucose, triglycerides, systolic (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DPB), waist circumference, and/or low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between current cannabis use (CCU) and MetS, adjusting for covariates. Results Of 3974 respondents, 48.8% were female, mean age 21.1 years (SD = 2.4), 56.7% non-Hispanic white, 20.4% Hispanic, and 14.0% non-Hispanic black (NHB). Hispanics had the highest MetS prevalence (7.9%) and lowest CCU prevalence (23.5%). NHB had highest CCU prevalence (33.4%, P < .0001) and lowest MetS prevalence (4.8%, P = .2543). CCUs had a higher mean SBP (P = .020) and Hispanics (P = .002) than never users. Conversely, NHB CCUs exhibited lower mean SBP than NHB never users (P = .008). CCUs had 42% reduced odds of MetS than never users (AOR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.35-0.95). Among NHB, CCUs had 78% lower likelihood of having MetS than never users (AOR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06-0.81). Conclusions Cannabis use impacts MetS and blood pressure differently by race/ethnicity. Current cannabis use was associated with lower odds of MetS overall and among NHB. Further research is warranted to investigate how administration routes, dosages, and usage duration affect MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Baral
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Miami, FL
| | - Jingxin Liu
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
| | - Sandra Garcia-Davis
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
| | - Bria-Necole A. Diggs
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Miami, FL
| | - Lizelh Ayala
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
| | - Anurag Aka
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Miami, FL
| | - Yash S. Agrawal
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Miami, FL
| | - Sarah E. Messiah
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX
- Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Denise C. Vidot
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami, FL
- University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Miami, FL
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Alizadeh-Fanalou S, Mehdipour S, Rokhsartalb-Azar S, Mohammadi F, Ghorban K, Asri S, Mousavi SH, Karami M. Evaluation of novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of bisphenol A-induced coronary artery disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23768. [PMID: 38234885 PMCID: PMC10792579 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bisphenol A (BPA), a ubiquitous synthetic monomer primarily used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins and as a non-polymer additive to other plastics, can leach into the food and water supply and has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to analyze BPA levels in patients with varying numbers of coronary artery stenosis and evaluate the prognostic value of new biomarkers cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), compared to troponin I and creatine kinase (CK) MB, for detecting myocardial injury. Method Eighty nine patients undergoing angiography at Urmia Hospital from March 2019 to 2020 were included. Serum levels of BPA, CD36, H-FABP, troponin I, and CK-M were measured. Results When comparing CD36 and H-FABP with troponin I and CK-MB across coronary occlusion classes, receiver operating characteristic curves indicated CD36 and H-FABP had higher accuracy than troponin I and CK-MB for detecting stenosis stages. In patients with occlusion, significant alterations were detected in age, sex, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking. BPA serum concentration significantly increased compared to normal subjects. Conclusions Our study revealed that serum biomarkers were valuable for prognosticating myocardial injury. Among these, CD36 and H-FABP were more accurate. BPA concentration correlated with myocardial necrosis, underlying disease, and occlusion stage, suggesting BPA's harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Alizadeh-Fanalou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sara Mehdipour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Rokhsartalb-Azar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Forogh Mohammadi
- Department of Veterinary, Agriculture Faculty, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Khodayar Ghorban
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Asri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hosein Mousavi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Karami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Athari SZ, Mirzaei Bavil F, Keyhanmanesh R, Lotfi H, Sajed Y, Delkhosh A, Ghiasi F. Voluntary exercise improves pulmonary inflammation through NF-κB and Nrf2 in type 2 diabetic male rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:74-80. [PMID: 38164478 PMCID: PMC10722479 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.70416.15307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effects of voluntary exercise as an anti-inflammatory intervention on the pulmonary levels of inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetic male rats. Materials and Methods Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=7), including control (Col), diabetic (Dia), voluntary exercise (Exe), and diabetic with voluntary exercise (Dia+Exe). Diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet (4 weeks) and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg), and animals did training on the running wheel for 10 weeks as voluntary exercise. Finally, the rats were euthanized and the lung tissues were sampled for the evaluation of the levels of pulmonary interleukin (IL)-10, IL-11, and TNF-α using ELISA, and the protein levels of Nrf-2 and NF-κB using western blotting and tissue histopathological analysis. Results Diabetes reduced the IL-10, IL-11, and Nrf2 levels (P<0.001 to P<0.01) and increased the levels of TNF-α and NF-κB compared to the Col group (P<0.001). Lung tissue levels of IL-10, IL-11, and Nrf2 in the Dia+Exe group enhanced compared to the Dia group (P<0.001 to P<0.05), however; the TNF-α and NF-κB levels decreased (P<0.001). The level of pulmonary Nrf2 in the Dia+Exe group was lower than that of the Exe group while the NF-κB level increased (P<0.001). Moreover, diabetes caused histopathological changes in lung tissue which improved with exercise in the Dia+Exe group. Conclusion These findings showed that voluntary exercise could improve diabetes-induced pulmonary complications by ameliorating inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Zanyar Athari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirzaei Bavil
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajie Lotfi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Yousef Sajed
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aref Delkhosh
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Pathology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghiasi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Pourmousavi L, Hashemkandi Asadi R, Zehsaz F, Jadidi RP. Effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress and heart damage in diabetic rats. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281692. [PMID: 38113243 PMCID: PMC10729987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes increases the production of free radicals and inflammatory agents in the heart tissue and alters the expression of genes associated with the induction of apoptosis. Considering the importance of common cardiovascular disorders in diabetes, this study investigated the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and crocin use, as well as tissue damage and oxidative stress caused by diabetes in the hearts of adult rats. Streptozotocin 50 mg/kg was injected as a single dose intraperitoneally to cause the diabetes. After 72 hours, a glucometer monitored blood glucose levels, and blood glucose above 250 mg/dl was considered diabetes. Continuous treadmill exercise was performed for eight weeks by placing the animal on the treadmill. Next, the animals were anesthetized, and samples were taken from the hearts and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Then, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the cardiac tissue. Finally, the hearts of half of the animals were immediately immersed in a formalin solution for histological changes. According to our findings, diabetes increased lipid peroxidation, characterized by increased MDA levels in the control diabetes group and decreased SOD and GPx levels (P <0.05). It also changes the balance of expression of genes associated with apoptosis control, increased Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) expression, and decreased Bcl-2 expression (P <0.05). Also, we observed the induction of apoptosis in cardiac tissue. Using eight weeks of continuous exercise and administration of crocin significantly reduced blood sugar levels and lipid peroxidation and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and Bcl-2 gene expression compared to the diabetes control group. In addition, continuous exercise and crocin improved the oxidative stress parameters in the control group. This study showed that diabetes could cause oxidative stress and heart dysfunction. Moreover, simultaneously and separately, aerobic exercise with a treadmill and crocin administration can reduce these disorders and prevent apoptosis in the heart tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Pourmousavi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rasoul Hashemkandi Asadi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzad Zehsaz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Pouzesh Jadidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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7
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Al-Maini M, Maindarkar M, Kitas GD, Khanna NN, Misra DP, Johri AM, Mantella L, Agarwal V, Sharma A, Singh IM, Tsoulfas G, Laird JR, Faa G, Teji J, Turk M, Viskovic K, Ruzsa Z, Mavrogeni S, Rathore V, Miner M, Kalra MK, Isenovic ER, Saba L, Fouda MM, Suri JS. Artificial intelligence-based preventive, personalized and precision medicine for cardiovascular disease/stroke risk assessment in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a narrative review. Rheumatol Int 2023; 43:1965-1982. [PMID: 37648884 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The challenges associated with diagnosing and treating cardiovascular disease (CVD)/Stroke in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) arise from the delayed onset of symptoms. Existing clinical risk scores are inadequate in predicting cardiac events, and conventional risk factors alone do not accurately classify many individuals at risk. Several CVD biomarkers consider the multiple pathways involved in the development of atherosclerosis, which is the primary cause of CVD/Stroke in RA. To enhance the accuracy of CVD/Stroke risk assessment in the RA framework, a proposed approach involves combining genomic-based biomarkers (GBBM) derived from plasma and/or serum samples with innovative non-invasive radiomic-based biomarkers (RBBM), such as measurements of synovial fluid, plaque area, and plaque burden. This review presents two hypotheses: (i) RBBM and GBBM biomarkers exhibit a significant correlation and can precisely detect the severity of CVD/Stroke in RA patients. (ii) Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based preventive, precision, and personalized (aiP3) CVD/Stroke risk AtheroEdge™ model (AtheroPoint™, CA, USA) that utilizes deep learning (DL) to accurately classify the risk of CVD/stroke in RA framework. The authors conducted a comprehensive search using the PRISMA technique, identifying 153 studies that assessed the features/biomarkers of RBBM and GBBM for CVD/Stroke. The study demonstrates how DL models can be integrated into the AtheroEdge™-aiP3 framework to determine the risk of CVD/Stroke in RA patients. The findings of this review suggest that the combination of RBBM with GBBM introduces a new dimension to the assessment of CVD/Stroke risk in the RA framework. Synovial fluid levels that are higher than normal lead to an increase in the plaque burden. Additionally, the review provides recommendations for novel, unbiased, and pruned DL algorithms that can predict CVD/Stroke risk within a RA framework that is preventive, precise, and personalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Al-Maini
- Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Institute, Toronto, ON, L4Z 4C4, Canada
| | - Mahesh Maindarkar
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA
- Asia Pacific Vascular Society, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - George D Kitas
- Academic Affairs, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, DY1 2HQ, UK
- Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Manchester University, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Narendra N Khanna
- Asia Pacific Vascular Society, New Delhi, 110001, India
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | | | - Amer M Johri
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Laura Mantella
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Department of Immunology, SGPIMS, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Immunology, SGPIMS, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Inder M Singh
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA
| | - George Tsoulfas
- Department of Surgery, Aristoteleion University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - John R Laird
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Adventist Health St. Helena, St Helena, CA, 94574, USA
| | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jagjit Teji
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Monika Turk
- The Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg Institute for Advanced Study, 27753, Delmenhorst, Germany
| | - Klaudija Viskovic
- Department of Radiology and Ultrasound, UHID, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoltan Ruzsa
- Invasive Cardiology Division, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sophie Mavrogeni
- Cardiology Clinic, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Centre, Athens, Greece
| | - Vijay Rathore
- Nephrology Department, Kaiser Permanente, Sacramento, CA, 95823, USA
| | - Martin Miner
- Men's Health Centre, Miriam Hospital Providence, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
| | - Manudeep K Kalra
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 40138, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mostafa M Fouda
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, 83209, USA
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA.
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Mohater S, Qahtan S, Alrefaie Z, Alahmadi A. Vitamin D improves hepatic alterations in ACE1 and ACE2 expression in experimentally induced metabolic syndrome. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101709. [PMID: 37559868 PMCID: PMC10407910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a term used to describe a cluster of pathophysiological, biochemical, and metabolic criteria; including high Blood Pressure (BP), high cholesterol, dyslipidaemia, central obesity and Insulin Resistance (IR). The Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) has a regulatory function in BP, hydroelectrolyte balance, and cardiovascular function. RAS is composed of angiotensinogen (AGT), (Ang I), (Ang II), (ACE1), (ACE2), (AT1R), (AT2R), and (Ang 1-7). Vitamin D had been proved to act as a protective factor against MetS. Therefore, the study is pursued to explore vitamin D supplementation roles on hepatic RAS in MetS experimental model. At first, 36 males Albino rats were separated into 4 groups and induced to MetS under controlled circumstances for 3 months. Then, data were collected from blood samples, whereas RNA extracted from liver were analyzed using biochemical and statistical analysis tests. As a result, the major finding was proving that vitamin D can balance the expression of ACE1 and ACE2. Also, confirming that it can improve MetS components by elevating HDL and insulin levels while reducing the levels of BP, cholesterol, LDL, TG, GLU, ALT, AST, and IR. These outcomes may give a new insight into the RAS pathways associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mohater
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Qahtan
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zienab Alrefaie
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ahlam Alahmadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Nodari S, Fioretti F, Barilla F. Redefining diabetes mellitus treatments according to different mechanisms beyond hypoglycaemic effect. Heart Fail Rev 2023; 28:607-625. [PMID: 35133551 PMCID: PMC8821791 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Early epidemiologic studies in type 2 diabetes suggested that the long-term risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications increase progressively as glucose concentrations rise, inspiring the pursuit of near euglycaemia as a means of preventing these complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Evidence emerging over the past decade, however, showed that the aggressive efforts often needed to achieve low HbA1c levels can ultimately lead to worse clinical outcomes, greater risk of severe hypoglycaemia, and higher burden of treatment. The acknowledgment of the disappointing results obtained with therapies aimed exclusively at improving glycaemic control has led in recent years to a substantial paradigm shift in the treatment of the diabetic patient. The results obtained first with GLP-1RAs and more recently even more with SGLT2i on mortality and CV events have made it clear how other mechanisms, beyond the hypoglycaemic effect, are at the basis of the benefits observed in several cardiovascular outcome trials. And as evidence of the great revolution of thought we are experiencing, there is the recognition of gliflozins as drugs for the treatment not only of diabetic patients but also of non-diabetic patients suffering from HF, as reported in the latest ESC/HFA guidelines. Surely, we still have a lot to understand, but it is certain that this is the beginning of a new era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savina Nodari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University and Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fioretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University and Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Barilla
- Department of System's Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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10
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Santoro C, O'Toole A, Finsel P, Alvi A, Musselman LP. Reducing ether lipids improves Drosophila overnutrition-associated pathophysiology phenotypes via a switch from lipid storage to beta-oxidation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13021. [PMID: 35906462 PMCID: PMC9338069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
High-calorie diets increase the risk of developing obesity, cardiovascular disease, type-two diabetes (T2D), and other comorbidities. These "overnutrition" diets also promote the accumulation of a variety of harmful lipids in the heart and other peripheral organs, known as lipotoxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying lipotoxicity and its influence on pathophysiology remain unknown. Our study uses genetics to identify the role of ether lipids, a class of potential lipotoxins, in a Drosophila model of overnutrition. A high-sugar diet (HSD) increases ether lipids and produces T2D-like pathophysiology phenotypes, including obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiac failure. Therefore, we targeted ether lipid biosynthesis through the enzyme dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase (encoded by the gene DHAPAT). We found that reducing DHAPAT in the fat body improved TAG and glucose homeostasis, cardiac function, respiration, and insulin signaling in flies fed a HSD. The reduction of DHAPAT may cause a switch in molecular signaling from lipogenesis to fatty acid oxidation via activation of a PPARα-like receptor, as bezafibrate produced similar improvements in HS-fed flies. Taken together, our findings suggest that ether lipids may be lipotoxins that reduce fitness during overnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Santoro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Ashley O'Toole
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Pilar Finsel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Arsalan Alvi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
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11
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Dolley D, Walter C, du Randt R, Pühse U, Bosma J, Aerts A, Adams L, Arnaiz P, Degen J, Gall S, Joubert N, Müller I, Nienaber M, Nqweniso F, Seelig H, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Gerber M. Clustered cardiovascular disease risk among children aged 8–13 years from lower socioeconomic schools in Gqeberha, South Africa. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001336. [PMID: 35813129 PMCID: PMC9234795 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of individual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and clustered CVD risk among children attending schools in periurban areas of Gqeberha and to investigate the independent association between clustered CVD risk, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).MethodsBaseline data were collected in a cross-sectional analysis of 975 children aged 8–13 years. We measured the height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, full lipid panel, 20 m shuttle run performance and accelerometry. The prevalence of individual risk factors was determined, and a clustered risk score (CRS) was constructed using principal component analysis. Children with an elevated CRS of 1 SD above the average CRS were considered ‘at-risk’.ResultsWe found 424 children (43.3%) having at least one elevated CVD risk factor: 27.7% elevated triglycerides, 20.7% depressed high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 15.9% elevated total cholesterol. An elevated clustered risk was identified in 17% (n=104) of the sample; girls exhibited a significantly higher CRS >1 SD than boys (p=0.036). The estimated odds of an elevated clustered risk are doubled every 2 mL/kg/min decrease in VO2max (95% CI 1.66 to 3.12) or every 49 min reduction in MVPA (95% CI 27 to 224).ConclusionA relatively high prevalence of elevated individual and clustered CVD risk was identified. Our results have also confirmed the independent inverse association of the clustered CVD risk with physical activity and CRF. These indicate that increased levels of CRF or MVPA may aid in the prevention and reduction of elevated clustered CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Dolley
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Bosma
- Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Ann Aerts
- Novartis Foundation, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Patricia Arnaiz
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Degen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nandi Joubert
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Nienaber
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Felicitas Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Li Q, Peng J, Luo Y, Zhou J, Li T, Cao L, Peng S, Zuo Z, Wang Z. Far infrared light irradiation enhances Aβ clearance via increased exocytotic microglial ATP and ameliorates cognitive deficit in Alzheimer's disease-like mice. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:145. [PMID: 35701825 PMCID: PMC9195249 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to sunlight may decrease the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and visible and near infrared light have been proposed as a possible therapeutic strategy for AD. Here, we investigated the effects of the visible, near infrared and far infrared (FIR) light on the cognitive ability of AD mice, and found that FIR light also showed potential in the improvement of cognitive dysfunction in AD. However, the related mechanism remains to be elucidated. Methods Morris water maze was used to evaluate the cognitive ability of APPswe/PSEN1dE9 double-transgenic AD mice after light treatment. Western blot was carried out to detect the expression of protein involved in synaptic function and amyloid-β (Aβ) production. The protein amount of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA level of receptors was performed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Immunostaining was performed to characterize the Aβ burden and microglial Aβ phagocytosis in the brain of AD mice. The Aβ phagocytosis of primary cultured microglia and BV2 were assessed by flow cytometry. The energy metabolism changes were evaluated using related assay kits, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lactate content, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex enzymatic activity and oxidized/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide assay kits. Results Our results showed that FIR light reduced Aβ burden, a hallmark of AD neuropathology, alleviated neuroinflammation, restored the expression of the presynaptic protein synaptophysin, and ameliorated learning and memory impairment in the AD mice. FIR light enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathway to increase ATP production. This increased intracellular ATP promoted the extracellular ATP release from microglia stimulated by Aβ, leading to the enhanced Aβ phagocytosis through phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathways for Aβ clearance. Conclusions Our findings have uncovered a previously unappreciated function of FIR light in inducing microglial phagocytosis to clean Aβ, which may be the mechanisms for FIR light to improve cognitive dysfunction in AD mice. These results suggest that FIR light treatment is a potential therapeutic strategy for AD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02521-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 YanJiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510289, Guangdong Province, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 YanJiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510289, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuelian Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 YanJiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510289, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 YanJiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510289, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tailin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 YanJiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510289, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 YanJiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510289, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuling Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 YanJiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510289, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhiyi Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22901, USA. .,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, 1 Hospital Drive, PO Box 800710, Charlottesville, VA, 22908-0710, USA.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 YanJiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510289, Guangdong Province, China.
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13
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D'Silva S, Chakraborty S, Kahali B. Concurrent outcomes from multiple approaches of epistasis analysis for human body mass index associated loci provide insights into obesity biology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7306. [PMID: 35508500 PMCID: PMC9068779 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have focused on elucidating the genetic architecture of complex traits by assessing single variant effects in additive genetic models, albeit explaining a fraction of the trait heritability. Epistasis has recently emerged as one of the intrinsic mechanisms that could explain part of this missing heritability. We conducted epistasis analysis for genome-wide body mass index (BMI) associated SNPs in Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and followed up top significant interacting SNPs for replication in the UK Biobank imputed genotype dataset. We report two pairwise epistatic interactions, between rs2177596 (RHBDD1) and rs17759796 (MAPK1), rs1121980 (FTO) and rs6567160 (MC4R), obtained from a consensus of nine different epistatic approaches. Gene interaction maps and tissue expression profiles constructed for these interacting loci highlights co-expression, co-localisation, physical interaction, genetic interaction, and shared pathways emphasising the neuronal influence in obesity and implicating concerted expression of associated genes in liver, pancreas, and adipose tissues insinuating to metabolic abnormalities characterized by obesity. Detecting epistasis could thus be a promising approach to understand the effect of simultaneously interacting multiple genetic loci in disease aetiology, beyond single locus effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheldon D'Silva
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Shreya Chakraborty
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.,Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Bratati Kahali
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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14
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Kim YH, Her AY, Jeong MH, Kim BK, Hong SJ, Park SH, Kim S, Ahn CM, Kim JS, Ko YG, Choi D, Hong MK, Jang Y. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors versus angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers in patients with acute myocardial infarction and prediabetes after successful implantation of newer-generation drug-eluting stents. Cardiol J 2021; 30:614-626. [PMID: 34622435 PMCID: PMC10508070 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2021.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because limited data are available, the present study investigated 2-year major clinical outcomes after angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and prediabetes after successful implantation of newer-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs). METHODS Overall, 2932 patients with AMI and prediabetes were classified into two groups - the ACEIs group (n = 2059) and the ARBs group (n = 873). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of patient- -oriented composite outcome (POCO), defined as all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction (Re-MI), or any repeat revascularization. The secondary endpoint was definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST). RESULTS The cumulative incidences of POCO (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.020; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.740-1.404; p = 0.906), all-cause death (aHR: 1.394; 95% CI: 0.803-2.419; p = 0.238), Re-MI (aHR: 1.210; 95% CI: 0.626-2.340; p = 0.570), any repeat revascularization (aHR: 1.150; 95% CI: 0.713-1.855; p = 0.568), and ST (aHR: 1.736; 95% CI: 0.445-6.766; p = 0.427) were similar between the groups. These results were confirmed after propensity score-adjusted analysis. CONCLUSIONS In this study, patients with AMI and prediabetes who received ACEIs or ARBs showed comparable clinical outcomes during the 2-year follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hoon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Inter nal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ae-Young Her
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Inter nal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Chonnam National Univer sity Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Keuk Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Park
- Cardiology Department, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Min Ahn
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guk Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Ki Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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15
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Kashyap H, Gupta S, Bist R. Impact of Active Antihyperglycemic Components as Herbal Therapy for Preventive Health Care Management of Diabetes. Curr Mol Med 2020; 19:12-19. [PMID: 30806316 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190219124301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic hyperglycemic condition that progressively develops, effect small and large sensory fibers in the affected population. It has various complications as hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, blindness, kidney disease as well as peripheral neuropathy. Sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, metformin, biguanidine, acarbose and insulin are commonly used drugs for diabetic patients, but these all have certain side effects. Even metformin, that is known as the miracle drug for diabetes has been found to be associated with side effects, as during treatment it involves complications with eyes, kidneys, peripheral nerves, heart and vasculature. In the present article, we hypothesize recent discoveries with respect to active ingredients from Indian medicinal plants i.e., polypeptide-p (protein analogue act as artificial insulin), charantin (a steroidal saponin), momordicin (an alkaloid) and osmotin (ubiquitous plant protein and animal analogue of human adeponectin) possessing anti-hyperglycemic potential for diabetes type II. Therefore, plants as herbal therapy have preventive care of hyperglycemia accompanied with healthy lifestyle which can provide significant decline in the incidences of diabetes in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Kashyap
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Sarika Gupta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Renu Bist
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India
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16
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Hu J, Jia J, Zhang Y, Miao R, Huo X, Ma F. Effects of vitamin D 3 supplementation on cognition and blood lipids: a 12-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89:1341-1347. [PMID: 30279212 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2018-318594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingya Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rujuan Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxu Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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17
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Ahmed AM, Qureshi WT, O'Neal WT, Khalid F, Al-Mallah MH. Incremental prognostic value of SPECT-MPI in chronic kidney disease: A reclassification analysis. J Nucl Cardiol 2018; 25:1658-1673. [PMID: 28050863 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-016-0756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors have limited predictive value of CV mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD, creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/minute per 1.73 m2). The aim of this study was to evaluate incremental and independent prognostic value of single-photon emission computerized tomography-myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) across continuum of renal function. METHODS We retrospectively studied 11,518 (mean age, 65 ± 12 years; 52% were men) patients referred for a clinical indication of SPECT-MPI between April 2004 and May 2009. Primary end point was composite of cardiac death and non-fatal myocardial infarction (CD/MI). We examined the relationship of total perfusion defect (TPD) and CD/MI in multiple Cox regression models for CV risk factors and GFR. The incremental predictive value of TPD was examined using Harrell's c-index, net reclassification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination index (IDI). RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 5 years (25th to 75th percentiles, 3.0-6.5 years), 1,692 (14.5%) patients experienced CD/MI (740 MI and 1,182 CD). In a multivariable model adjusted for traditional CV risk factors and GFR, the presence of a perfusion defect was independently associated with increased risk of CD/MI (HR = 2.10; 95% CI 1.81, 2.43, p < .001). Using Cox regression, TPD improved the discriminatory ability beyond traditional CV risk factors and GFR [from AUC = 0.725, (95% CI 0.712-0.738) to 0.784, (95% CI 0.772-0.796), p < .0001]. Furthermore, TPD improves risk stratification of CKD patients over and above traditional CV risk factors and GFR [NRI = 14%, 95% CI (12%-16%, p < .001) and relative IDI = 60%, 95% CI (51%, 66%, p < .001)]. CONCLUSIONS Across the spectrum of renal function, SPECT-MPI perfusion defects independently and incrementally reclassified patients for their risk of CD/MI, beyond traditional CV risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad M Ahmed
- King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas T Qureshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Wesley T O'Neal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Fatima Khalid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mouaz H Al-Mallah
- King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
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18
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Shen T, Wang J, Yu Y, Yu J. Comparison of real-world effectiveness between valsartan and non-RAS inhibitor monotherapy on the incidence of new diabetes in Chinese hypertensive patients: An electronic health recording system based study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 41:244-254. [DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1469640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Shen
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Community Health and Behavioral Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjun Yu
- Medical Affairs of Great China Region of Novartis, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Perreault L, Færch K, Gregg EW. Can Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Close the Risk Management Gap Between Diabetes and Prediabetes? Curr Diab Rep 2017; 17:77. [PMID: 28766246 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-017-0899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We reviewed published literature to determine the relationship between A1c and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and summarize the need and implications for CVD risk reduction with interventions, focusing in the prediabetic A1c range (<6.5%). RECENT FINDINGS Strong evidence supports a continuous relationship between A1c and CVD-even below the current levels of A1c-defined prediabetes and after adjustment for known risk factors for CVD. Clinical trials have demonstrated a reduction in CV morbidity and/or mortality when interventions are invoked in the prediabetic A1c range. Guidelines advocating CV risk factor management in prediabetes have not been widely adopted, subsequently leading to comparable coronary heart disease risk between people with prediabetes (HR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.7-2.1 vs normoglycemia) and diabetes itself (HR=2.0, 95% CI 1.8-2.2 vs no diabetes). This review highlights the missed opportunity to utilize multiple risk factor interventions to reduce CVD in high-risk people with prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Perreault
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, mailstop F8106, P.O. Box 6511, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | | | - Edward W Gregg
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Olekson MP, Faulknor RA, Hsia HC, Schmidt AM, Berthiaume F. Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Improves Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Activity in Model Diabetic Environments. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5:527-538. [PMID: 28078186 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2015.0674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In diabetes, hyperglycemia causes the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through binding the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). Because exogenous growth factors have had little success in enhancing chronic wound healing, we investigated whether hyperglycemia-induced AGEs interfere with cellular responses to extracellular signals. We used stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), an angiogenic chemokine also known to promote stem cell recruitment in skin wounds. Approach: Human leukemia-60 (HL-60) cells and mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which express the SDF-1 receptor CXCR-4, were incubated for 24 h in medium supplemented with 25 mM d-glucose. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) was used to block RAGE activation. Response to SDF-1 was measured in cellular migration and ROS assays. A diabetic murine excisional wound model measured SDF-1 liposome and sRAGE activity in vivo. Results: Hyperglycemia led to significant accumulation of AGEs, decreased SDF-1-directed migration, and elevated baseline ROS levels; it suppressed the ROS spike normally triggered by SDF-1. sRAGE decreased the ROS baseline and restored both the SDF-1-mediated spike and cell migration. Topically applied sRAGE alone promoted healing and enhanced the effect of exogenous SDF-1 on diabetic murine wounds. Innovation: While there is interest in using growth factors to improve wound healing, this strategy is largely ineffective in diabetic wounds. We show that sRAGE may restore signaling, thus potentiating the effect of exogenously applied growth factors. Conclusion: Blocking RAGE with sRAGE restores SDF-1-mediated cellular responses in hyperglycemic environments and may potentiate the effectiveness of SDF-1 applied in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renea A. Faulknor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Henry C. Hsia
- Department of Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New York
| | - François Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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Kistner I, Zeymer U, Dechend R, Hagedorn I, Riemer T, Bramlage P, Pittrow D, Senges J, Schmieder RE. Benefits and Risks of Aliskiren Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Analyses of the 3A Registry. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 18:1045-1053. [PMID: 27094460 PMCID: PMC8031948 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The authors sought to retrospectively analyze the real-world evidence on aliskiren in diabetic patients with or without concomitant renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blocker use based on the Registry for Ambulant Therapy With RAS Inhibitors in Hypertension Patients in Germany (3A). Of 14,986 patients included, 3772 patients had diabetes and 28.5% received aliskiren, 14.3% received angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), 35.4% received aliskiren plus an ACE inhibitor/ARB, and 10.5% received other drugs. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring (baseline BP 148±15.8/84.0±10.9 mm Hg) revealed stronger diastolic BP reduction for aliskiren plus ACE inhibitor/ARB than aliskiren alone in the low (2.8±0.5 vs 0.6±0.6; P=.004) and intermediate (5.9±0.5 vs 4.5±0.5; P=.04) baseline BP groups. There was a lesser ambulatory BP reduction observed for patients receiving non-RAS in the high baseline category for both systolic (12.5±1.8 vs 17.1±1.0; P=.02) and diastolic (6.9±1.0 vs 9.8±0.6; P=.01) BP. In patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes, aliskiren was beneficial in lowering BP, with no observed increases in major adverse effects compared with RAS-blocking therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Kistner
- Nephrologie und Hypertensiologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Uwe Zeymer
- Institut für Herzinfarktforschung Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik B, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dechend
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Molekulare and Klinische Kardiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ina Hagedorn
- Clinical and Regulatory Affairs, Novartis Pharma GmbH, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Riemer
- Institut für Herzinfarktforschung Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Peter Bramlage
- Institut für Pharmakologie and präventive Medizin, Mahlow, Germany
| | - David Pittrow
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Senges
- Institut für Herzinfarktforschung Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Roland E Schmieder
- Nephrologie und Hypertensiologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
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Liou YS, Chen HY, Tien L, Gu YS, Jong GP. Antihypertensive Drug Use and New-Onset Diabetes in Female Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Population-based Longitudinal Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1495. [PMID: 26356715 PMCID: PMC4616628 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antihypertensives have been linked to new-onset diabetes (NOD) and different classes of antihypertensives may alter the risk for the development of NOD; however, the effect of different antihypertensives on the development of NOD in women with hypertension and coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been well studied. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between usage of different antihypertensive drugs and the development of NOD in female patients with hypertension and CAD.Data in this retrospective cohort study were obtained from claim forms submitted to the Taiwan Bureau of National Health Insurance in central Taiwan during the period 2006-2011. We estimated the odds ratios (OR) to approximate the relative risk of NOD development associated with antihypertensive drug use.Of the 20,108 female patients with CAD at baseline, 2288 patients developed NOD during the 6-year follow-up. Subjects treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (OR, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.00), angiotensin receptor blockers (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99), and alpha-blockers (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.98) in the adjusted analyses had greater reductions of the risk than among nonusers. Patients who took diuretics (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.20), beta-blockers (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.21), and calcium channel blockers (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.18) were at high risk of developing NOD than nonusers. Vasodilators were not associated with risk of NOD.We conclude that women with hypertension who take ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and alpha-blockers are at lower risk of NOD and that use of diuretics, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers was associated with a significantly increased risk of developing NOD during the 6-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sheng Liou
- From the Department of Family Medicine and Geriatrics, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, and School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (Y-SL); Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University and China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC (H-YC); and Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taichung and Beigang Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan, ROC (H-YC, Y-SG); Central Region Branch, Bureau of National Health Insurance, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC (L-T); and Division of Internal Cardiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Chung Shan Medical University, and Basic Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC (G-PJ)
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23
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Arnold SV, Stolker JM, Lipska KJ, Jones PG, Spertus JA, McGuire DK, Inzucchi SE, Goyal A, Maddox TM, Lind M, Gumber D, Shore S, Kosiborod M. Recognition of incident diabetes mellitus during an acute myocardial infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2015; 8:260-7. [PMID: 25901045 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.114.001452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is common in patients hospitalized with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), representing in some cases the first opportunity to recognize and treat DM. We report the incidence of new DM and its recognition among patients with AMI. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients in a 24-site US AMI registry (2005-08) had glycosylated hemoglobin assessed at a core laboratory, with results blinded to clinicians and local clinical measurements left to the discretion of the treating providers. Among 2854 AMI patients without known DM on admission, 287 patients (10%) met criteria for previously unknown DM, defined by a core laboratory glycosylated hemoglobin of ≥6.5%. Among these, 186 (65%) were unrecognized by treating clinicians, receiving neither DM education, glucose-lowering medications at discharge, nor documentation of DM in the chart (median glycosylated hemoglobin of unrecognized patients, 6.7%; range, 6.5-12.3%). Six months after discharge, only 5% of those not recognized as having DM during hospitalization had been initiated on glucose-lowering medications versus 66% of those recognized (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Underlying DM that has not been previously diagnosed is common among AMI patients, affecting 1 in 10 patients, yet is recognized by the care team only one third of the time. Given its frequency and therapeutic implications, including but extending beyond the initiation of glucose-lowering treatment, consideration should be given to screening all AMI patients for DM during hospitalization. Inexpensive, ubiquitous, and endorsed as an acceptable screen for DM, glycosylated hemoglobin testing should be considered for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne V Arnold
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.).
| | - Joshua M Stolker
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Kasia J Lipska
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Philip G Jones
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - John A Spertus
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Darren K McGuire
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Silvio E Inzucchi
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Abhinav Goyal
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Thomas M Maddox
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Marcus Lind
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Divya Gumber
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Supriya Shore
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
| | - Mikhail Kosiborod
- From the Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S., M.K.); University of Missouri-Kansas City (S.V.A., J.A.S., M.K.); Saint Louis University, MO (J.M.S.); Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.J.L., S.E.I.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (D.K.M.); Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.G.); VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver (T.M.M.); University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (M.L.); and Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH (D.G.)
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Su J, Wang H, Ma C, Lou Z, Liu C, Tanver Rahman M, Gao C, Nie R. Anti-diabetic activity of peony seed oil, a new resource food in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Food Funct 2015; 6:2930-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00507h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Peony seed oil rich in α-linolenic acid (38.66%), linoleic acid (26.34%) and oleic acid (23.65%) reduced fasting blood glucose of diabetic mice induced by STZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Caoyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Zaixiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Chengxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - MdRamim Tanver Rahman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Chuanzhong Gao
- Anhui Tongling Ruipu Peony Industry Development Co
- Ltd
- Anhui 244000
- China
| | - Rongjing Nie
- Anhui Tongling Ruipu Peony Industry Development Co
- Ltd
- Anhui 244000
- China
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Cinnamon: a multifaceted medicinal plant. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:642942. [PMID: 24817901 PMCID: PMC4003790 DOI: 10.1155/2014/642942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Cinnamon cassia), the eternal tree of tropical medicine, belongs to the Lauraceae family. Cinnamon is one of the most important spices used daily by people all over the world. Cinnamon primarily contains vital oils and other derivatives, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and cinnamate. In addition to being an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, lipid-lowering, and cardiovascular-disease-lowering compound, cinnamon has also been reported to have activities against neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. This review illustrates the pharmacological prospective of cinnamon and its use in daily life.
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Celik A, Saricicek E, Saricicek V, Sahin E, Ozdemir G, Bozkurt S, Okumus M, Sucakli MH, Cikim G, Coskun Y, Deniz MS, Dogan E, Kilinc M. Effect of Ramadan fasting on serum concentration of apelin-13 and new obesity indices in healthy adult men. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:337-42. [PMID: 24576923 PMCID: PMC3943714 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to determine how Ramadan fasting (RF) affected the recently described new obesity indices [visceral adiposity index (VAI), waist circumference to height ratio (WHtR), body adiposity index (BAI)], and serum concentration of apelin-13 (RF) in healthy adult men. Material/Methods For this purpose, 42 healthy adult men were selected. Anthropometric parameters were measured and a sample of venous blood was obtained for biochemical assays on the first and last days of Ramadan. When all subjects were evaluated, all anthropometric parameters changed except VAI. Serum apelin-13, triglyceride (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and insulin levels did not change. When patients were divided into 3 groups according to body mass index (BMI), BAI decreased in normal-weight subjects and WHtR decreased in other groups, but VAI and apelin-13 did not change in any groups. Results We demonstrate for the first time that while some anthropometric parameters changed, VAI and serum apelin-13 levels did not change with RF. BMI, waist circumference (WC), TG, and HDL-C were evaluated together in calculation of VAI. TG, VAI, and HDL-C remained unchanged by RF. Even if body weight (BW) and BMI decreased, apelin-13 was not affected by RF. The data on serum apelin-13 may have been influenced by the small-percentage decrease in BW, as well as insignificant improvements in metabolic parameters such as lipid profiles, glucose, and insulin. Conclusions We found that Ramadan fasting in healthy adult men was associated with significant decreases in BW, BMI, WHtR, and BAI, but we found no significant changes in VAI and serum apelin-13 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Celik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Edibe Saricicek
- Department of Biochemistry Laboratory, Dr. Ersin Arslan State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Vahap Saricicek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Elif Sahin
- Department of Eye Diseases, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Ozdemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Selim Bozkurt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Okumus
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Haki Sucakli
- Department of Family Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Gurkan Cikim
- Department of Biochemistry Laboratory, Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Coskun
- Department of Nephrology, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Saygin Deniz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Dogan
- Department of Nephrology, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Metin Kilinc
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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Fu Z, Xue H, Guo J, Chen L, Dong W, Gai L, Liu H, Sun Z, Chen Y. Long-term prognostic impact of cystatin C on acute coronary syndrome octogenarians with diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:157. [PMID: 24182196 PMCID: PMC4176996 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cystatin C (Cys C) is a marker of renal dysfunction. Prior studies have shown that blood Cys C is related to the prognosis of coronary heart disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term prognostic impact of Cys C on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) octogenarians with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods We enrolled 660 consecutive ACS octogenarians who underwent coronary angiography and were classified into two groups based on diabetes. The baseline characters and Cys C level were measured on admission. Survival curve was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox regression was used to identify predictors of mortality and of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rate. Results There were 223 and 398 patients in groups DM and non-DM who fulfilled the follow-up. The average follow-up period was 28 (IQR 16–38) months. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was lower, ratios of hypertension and chronic renal failure (CRF), fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and Cys C levels were higher in DM group than those in non-DM group (P<0.01). The cumulative survival of DM group was significantly lower than that of non-DM group in the long term (P = 0.018). All cause mortality and MACE of DM group were higher than those of non-DM group (P<0.05). The plasma Cys C concentration (OR = 3.32, 95% CI = 1.18-10.92, P = 0.023) was the uniqueness independent predictor for long-term all cause mortality. The plasma Cys C concentration (OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.07-7.86, P = 0.029) and Genesis score (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00-1.03, P = 0.043) were independent predictors for MACE in DM group. ROC curve analysis showed that the predictive cut-off value of Cys C for mortality of DM group was 1.605 (0.718, 0.704). Conclusions Cys C is an independent predictor for long-term mortality and MACE of ACS octogenarians with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, Haidian District 100853, People's Republic of China.
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Ohta A, Ohshige T, Sakai K, Nakamura Y, Tenjin A, Tsukiyama S, Terashima Y, Matsubara F, Kawata T, Nagai Y, Tanaka Y. Comparison of the hypoglycemic effect of sitagliptin versus the combination of mitiglinide and voglibose in drug-naïve Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2013; 14:2315-22. [PMID: 24079645 DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2013.842554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The postprandial glucose (PPG) level is reduced by α-GIs, glinides and DPP4Is through different pharmacological actions. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of sitagliptin (S) versus that of the combination of mitiglinide and voglibose (M+V) on markers of glycemic control. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized cross-over trial was performed in 20 patients with drug-naïve type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomized to receive S (50 mg/day) or M+V (1 tablet 3 times daily). Treatment was continued for 8 weeks, after which they were switched to the other regimen and treated for another 8 weeks. At baseline, after the first regimen, and after the second regimen, a meal test was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The markers of glycemic control were examined. RESULTS Reduction of glucose excursion was significantly greater with M+V than with S. HbA1c did not change with either regimen. However, 1,5-anhydroglucitol showed a significant increase from baseline with both regimens (7.9 ± 4.3 μg/ml at baseline vs. 10.6 ± 5.5 with S, p < 0.05 and 15.1 ± 6.2 with M+V, p < 0.01). Compared with baseline, glycoalbumin was significantly reduced by M+V, but not S (19.6 ± 2.9% at baseline vs. 17.3 ± 3.8% with M+V, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION M+V achieved better control of PPG excursion than S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Ohta
- St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine , 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, 216-8511 , Japan
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