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Zhang Y, Lu F. Molecular mechanism of triptolide in myocardial fibrosis through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2024; 58:2295785. [PMID: 38164796 DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2023.2295785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Objective. Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is a common manifestation of end-stage cardiovascular diseases. Triptolide (TP) provides protection against cardiovascular diseases. This study was to explore the functional mechanism of TP in MF rats via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Methods. The MF rat model was established via subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO) and treated with low/medium/high doses of TP (L-TP/M-TP/H-TP) or Wnt agonist BML-284. Cardiac function was examined by echocardiography. Pathological changes of myocardial tissues were observed by HE and Masson staining. Col-I/Col-III/Vimentin/α-SMA levels were detected by immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. Collagen volume fraction content was measured. Expression levels of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins (β-catenin/c-myc/Cyclin D1) were detected by Western blot. Rat cardiac fibroblasts were utilized for in vitro validation experiments. Results. MF rats had enlarged left ventricle, decreased systolic and diastolic function and cardiac dysfunction, elevated collagen fiber distribution, collagen volume fraction and hydroxyproline content. Levels of Col-I/Col-III/Vimentin/α-SMA, and protein levels of β-catenin/c-myc/Cyclin D1 were increased in MF rats. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated in the myocardial tissues of MF rats. TP treatment alleviated impairments of cardiac function and myocardial tissuepathological injury, decreased collagen fibers, collagen volume fraction, Col-I, Col-III, α-SMA and Vimentin levels, HYP content, inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway, with H-TP showing the most significant effects. Wnt agonist BML-284 antagonized the inhibitive effect of TP on MF. TP inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to repress the proliferation and differentiation of mouse cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. Conclusions. TP was found to ameliorate ISO-induced MF in rats by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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2
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Jiang M, Xie Y, Wang P, Du M, Wang Y, Yan S. Research Progress of Triptolide Against Fibrosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3255-3266. [PMID: 39081704 PMCID: PMC11287200 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s467929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis leads to organ failure and death, which is the final stage of many chronic diseases. Triptolide (TPL) is a terpenoid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F (TwHF). Triptolide and its derivatives (Omtriptolide, Minnelide, (5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide) have been proven to have a variety of pharmacological effects. This study comprehensively reviewed the antifibrotic mechanism of TPL and its derivatives, and discussed the application of advanced nanoparticles (NPs) drug delivery system in the treatment of fibrotic diseases by TPL. The results show that TPL can inhibit immune inflammatory response, relieve oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), regulate collagen deposition and inhibit myofibroblast production to play an anti-fibrosis effect and reduce organ injury. A low dose of TPL has no obvious toxicity. Under pathological conditions, a toxic dose of TPL has a protective effect on organs. The emergence of TPL derivatives (especially Minnelide) and NPs drug delivery systems promotes the anti-fibrosis effect of TPL and reduces its toxicity, which may be the main direction of anti-fibrosis research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxia Xie
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Du
- The First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of International Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuxun Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Nawaz L, Grieve DJ, Muzaffar H, Iftikhar A, Anwar H. Methanolic Extract of Phoenix Dactylifera Confers Protection against Experimental Diabetic Cardiomyopathy through Modulation of Glucolipid Metabolism and Cardiac Remodeling. Cells 2024; 13:1196. [PMID: 39056777 PMCID: PMC11274523 DOI: 10.3390/cells13141196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cardiovascular disorders is continuously rising, and there are no effective drugs to treat diabetes-associated heart failure. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore alternate approaches, including natural plant extracts, which have been successfully exploited for therapeutic purposes. The current study aimed to explore the cardioprotective potential of Phoenix dactylifera (PD) extract in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Following in vitro phytochemical analyses, Wistar albino rats (N = 16, male; age 2-3 weeks) were fed with a high-fat or standard diet prior to injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg i.p.) after 2 months and separation into the following four treatment groups: healthy control, DCM control, DCM metformin (200 mg/kg/day, as the reference control), and DCM PD treatment (5 mg/kg/day). After 25 days, glucolipid and myocardial blood and serum markers were assessed along with histopathology and gene expression of both heart and pancreatic tissues. The PD treatment improved glucolipid balance (FBG 110 ± 5.5 mg/dL; insulin 17 ± 3.4 ng/mL; total cholesterol 75 ± 8.5 mg/dL) and oxidative stress (TOS 50 ± 7.8 H2O2equiv./L) in the DCM rats, which was associated with preserved structural integrity of both the pancreas and heart compared to the DCM control (FBG 301 ± 10 mg/dL; insulin 27 ± 3.4 ng/mL; total cholesterol 126 ± 10 mg/dL; TOS 165 ± 12 H2O2equiv./L). Gene expression analyses revealed that PD treatment upregulated the expression of insulin signaling genes in pancreatic tissue (INS-I 1.69 ± 0.02; INS-II 1.3 ± 0.02) and downregulated profibrotic gene expression in ventricular tissue (TGF-β 1.49 ± 0.04) compared to the DCM control (INS-I 0.6 ± 0.02; INS-II 0.49 ± 0.03; TGF-β 5.7 ± 0.34). Taken together, these data indicate that Phoenix dactylifera may offer cardioprotection in DCM by regulating glucolipid balance and metabolic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laaraib Nawaz
- Health Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan; (L.N.); (H.M.); (A.I.)
| | - David J. Grieve
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
| | - Humaira Muzaffar
- Health Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan; (L.N.); (H.M.); (A.I.)
| | - Arslan Iftikhar
- Health Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan; (L.N.); (H.M.); (A.I.)
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Health Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan; (L.N.); (H.M.); (A.I.)
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4
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Yao P, Yang X, Qiao Y. A Review on the Natural Products in Treatment of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DCM). Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:165. [PMID: 39076497 PMCID: PMC11267204 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2505165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is an insidious and fatal disease, imposing major financial and social burdens on affected individuals. Among the various methods proposed for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), treatments with natural products have achieved promising results due to their high efficiency and minimal side-effects. Literature was searched, analyzed, and collected using databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Excerpt Medica, Science Direct, and Springer. In this study, we reviewed the DCM-related studies on 72 representative natural products. These natural products have been confirmed to be applicable in the therapeutic intervention of DCM, acting through various mechanisms such as the amelioration of metabolic abnormalities, protecting the mitochondrial structure and function, anti-oxidant stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis, regulation of Ca 2 + homeostasis and regulation of programmed cell death. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF- κ B), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and transforming growth factor- β (TGF- β ) have been extensively studied as high frequency signaling pathways for natural product intervention in DCM. The effectiveness of natural products in treating DCM has been revealed and studied, which provides a reference for DCM-specific drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Yao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250000 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoni Yang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital), 250014 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Qiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
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5
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Li M, Liu L, Zhang C, Deng L, Zhong Y, Liao B, Li X, Wan Y, Feng J. The latest emerging drugs for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:641-654. [PMID: 38660817 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2347468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus involving multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms. In addition to hypoglycemic agents commonly used in diabetes, metabolism-related drugs, natural plant extracts, melatonin, exosomes, and rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are cardioprotective in DCM. However, there is a lack of systematic summarization of drugs for DCM. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors systematically summarize the most recent drugs used for the treatment of DCM and discusses them from the perspective of DCM pathophysiological mechanisms. EXPERT OPINION We discuss DCM drugs from the perspective of the pathophysiological mechanisms of DCM, mainly including inflammation and metabolism. As a disease with multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, the combination of drugs may be more advantageous, and we have discussed some of the current studies on the combination of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ying Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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6
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Xu Q, Xiao Z, Yang Q, Yu T, Deng X, Chen N, Huang Y, Wang L, Guo J, Wang J. Hydrogel-based cardiac repair and regeneration function in the treatment of myocardial infarction. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100978. [PMID: 38434571 PMCID: PMC10907859 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A life-threatening illness that poses a serious threat to human health is myocardial infarction. It may result in a significant number of myocardial cells dying, dilated left ventricles, dysfunctional heart function, and ultimately cardiac failure. Based on the development of emerging biomaterials and the lack of clinical treatment methods and cardiac donors for myocardial infarction, hydrogels with good compatibility have been gradually applied to the treatment of myocardial infarction. Specifically, based on the three processes of pathophysiology of myocardial infarction, we summarized various types of hydrogels designed for myocardial tissue engineering in recent years, including natural hydrogels, intelligent hydrogels, growth factors, stem cells, and microRNA-loaded hydrogels. In addition, we also describe the heart patch and preparation techniques that promote the repair of MI heart function. Although most of these hydrogels are still in the preclinical research stage and lack of clinical trials, they have great potential for further application in the future. It is expected that this review will improve our knowledge of and offer fresh approaches to treating myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaxin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qianzhi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiujiao Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Nenghua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Lihong Wang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jinghao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
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7
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Wang K, Zhu K, Zhu Z, Shao F, Qian R, Wang C, Dong H, Li Y, Gao Z, Zhao J. Triptolide with hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity used in local delivery treatment of myocardial infarction by thermosensitive hydrogel. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:227. [PMID: 37461079 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) resulting from coronary artery occlusion is the leading global cause of cardiovascular disability and mortality. Anti-inflammatory treatment plays an important role in MI treatment. Triptolide (TPL), as a Chinese medicine monomer, has a variety of biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and immunoregulation. However, it has been proved that TPL is poorly water soluble, and has clear hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, which seriously limits its clinical application. Herein, we designed a long-acting hydrogel platform (TPL@PLGA@F127) for MI treatment by intramyocardial injection. First, we found that the inflammatory response and immune regulation might be the main mechanisms of TPL against MI by network pharmacology. Subsequently, we prepared the hydrogel platform (TPL@PLGA@F127) and tested its effects and toxicity on normal organs in the early stage of MI (3 days after MI-operation). The results showed that TPL@PLGA@F127 could not only promote "repair" macrophages polarization (to M2 macrophage) by day 3 after MI, but also has a long-lasting anti-inflammatory effect in the later stage of MI (28 days after MI-operation). Additionally, we proved that TPL@PLGA@F127 could attenuate the toxicity of TPL by releasing it more slowly and stably. Finally, we observed the long-term effects of TPL@PLGA@F127 on MI and found that it could improve cardiac function, depress the myocardial fibrosis and protect the cardiomyocytes. In summary, this study indicated that TPL@PLGA@F127 could not only enhance the therapeutic effects of TPL on MI, but also attenuate the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, which established a strong foundation for the clinical application of TPL for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Zigong, Zigong, 643099, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyang Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Fuqiang Shao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Zigong, Zigong, 643099, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruijie Qian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Haiqing Dong
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yongyong Li
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zairong Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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8
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Jiang S, Wan F, Lian H, Lu Z, Li X, Cao D, Jiang Y, Li J. Friend or foe? The dual role of triptolide in the liver, kidney, and heart. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114470. [PMID: 36868013 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triptolide, a controversial natural compound due to its significant pharmacological activities and multiorgan toxicity, has gained much attention since it was isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. However, in addition to its severe toxicity, triptolide also presents powerful therapeutic potency in the same organs, such as the liver, kidney, and heart, which corresponds to the Chinese medicine theory of You Gu Wu Yun (anti-fire with fire) and deeply interested us. To determine the possible mechanisms involved in the dual role of triptolide, we reviewed related articles about the application of triptolide in both physiological and pathological conditions. Inflammation and oxidative stress are the two main ways triptolide exerts different roles, and the cross-talk between NF-κB and Nrf2 may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the dual role of triptolide and may represent the scientific connotation of You Gu Wu Yun. For the first time, we present a review of the dual role of triptolide in the same organ and propose the possible scientific connotation of the Chinese medicine theory of You Gu Wu Yun, hoping to promote the safe and efficient use of triptolide and other controversial medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hui Lian
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Zhihao Lu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xueming Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yangyu Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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9
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Han F, Zhang J, Li K, Wang W, Dai D. Triptolide protects human retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells against high glucose-induced cell injury by regulation of miR-29b/PTEN. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:54-60. [PMID: 32730124 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1797101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are necessary pathogenic factors contributing to the aetiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Triptolide (TPL) is derived from the traditional Chinese herb lei gong teng with anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and antitumor activities. This article was developed to examine the effect of TPL on DR. ARPE-19 cells were pre-treated with TPL and then stimulated by high glucose (HG). We found that TPL treatment enhanced cell viability, decreased apoptosis and ROS production in HG-treated RPE cells. MiR-29b was low-expressed in HG-treated cells, but TPL raised its expression. In addition, the protective activity of TPL towards ARPE-19 cells was attenuated when miR-29b was reduced. By utilising bioinformatics evaluation, PTEN was predicted as a downstream target of miR-29b. Also, TPL obstructed PI3K/AKT signalling pathways in HG-treated ARPE-19 Cells. Taken together, TPL secured ARPE-19 cells from HG-induced oxidative damage via regulating miR-29b/PTEN axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Han
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Second Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Department of Ophthalmologic Examination, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Dongshu Dai
- Second Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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10
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Khadrawy SM, El Sayed RA. Umbelliferone attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppression of JAK/STAT signaling pathway through amelioration of oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23296. [PMID: 36650709 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Umbelliferone (UMB), 7-hydroxycoumarin, is a naturally occurring coumarin derivative that has a plethora of biological and therapeutic activities. The focus of this research was to elucidate the curative effects of two different doses of UMB on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in a type 2 diabetic rat model induced by 50 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic rats orally received 10 or 30 mg/kg of UMB daily for 8 weeks. Compared to the nontreated diabetic group, both UMB treatment doses significantly decreased glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), cardiovascular risk indices, and oxidative stress by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing the activity of the antioxidant enzymes. The hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia also dramatically decreased in diabetic groups with UMB treatments accompanied by an improvement in insulin, and insulin sensitivity indices (HOMA-IR and QUICKI). Furthermore, the cardiac gene expressions and protein levels of Janus kinase2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3), and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) were also markedly downregulated in a dose-dependent manner by UMB treatments. Finally, the biochemical results were assured by the reduction of histological alterations in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, UMB is a propitious substance for the treatment of DCM by virtuousness of its antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties through modulating the JAK/STAT signaling pathway that may be the underlying mechanism in UMB action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally M Khadrawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rasha A El Sayed
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (for Girls), Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Zhao S, Tan Y, Qin J, Xu H, Liu L, Wan H, Zhang C, Fan W, Qu S. MicroRNA-223-3p promotes pyroptosis of cardiomyocyte and release of inflammasome factors via downregulating the expression level of SPI1 (PU.1). Toxicology 2022; 476:153252. [PMID: 35792203 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common heart disease in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and is sometimes its main cause of death. Among all the causes of DCM, myocardial cell death is considered to be the most basic pathological change. Furthermore, studies have shown that pyroptosis, the pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, contributes to the progress of DCM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) also have been proved to take part in the formation of DCM. However, it is not clear whether and how miRNAs regulate myocardial cell pyroptosis in DCM development. In our study, the results showed that the expression of miR-223-3p was significantly increased in cardiomyocytes induced by high glucose, whereas the down-regulation of miR-223-3p weakened it. To understand the the signal transduction mechanism of miR-223-3p leading to pyroptosis, we found inhibition of miR-223-3p expression down-reguulated caspase-1, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and other pyroptosis-associated poteins. Moreover, miR-223-3p repressed SPI1 expression. Furthermore, we silenced SPI1 with siRNA to mimick the effect of miR-223-3p, up-regulating the expression of caspase-1 and resulting to pyroptosis. The above findings inspired us to propose a new signaling pathway to regulate scoria of cardiomyocytes under hyperglycemia: miR-223-3p↑→ SPI1↓→ caspase-1↑ → IL-1β and other pyroptosis-associated poteins↑→ pyroptosis↑. In summary, miR-223-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhao
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Yao Tan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Jianning Qin
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Haiqiang Xu
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Lingyun Liu
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Hengquan Wan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Wenjing Fan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Shunlin Qu
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
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12
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SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin prevents atherosclerotic and cardiac complications in experimental type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263285. [PMID: 35176041 PMCID: PMC8853531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is two to five times more prevalent in diabetic patients and is the leading cause of death. Therefore, identification of novel therapeutic strategies that reduce the risk of CVD is a research priority. Clinical trials showed that reduction in the relative risk of heart failure by sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are partly beyond their glucose lowering effects, however, the molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Here we investigated the role of SGLT2i dapagliflozin (DAPA) in the prevention of diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. Methods Type 1 diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (65 mg/bwkg, ip.) in adult, male Wistar rats. Following the onset of diabetes rats were treated for six weeks with DAPA (1 mg/bwkg/day, po.). Results DAPA decreased blood glucose levels (D: 37±2.7 vs. D+DAPA: 18±5.6 mmol/L; p<0.05) and prevented metabolic decline. Aortic intima-media thickening was mitigated by DAPA. DAPA abolished cardiac hypertrophy, and myocardial damage. Cardiac inflammation and fibrosis were also moderated after DAPA treatment. Conclusions These data support the preventive and protective role of SGLT2i in diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease. SGLT2i may provide novel therapeutic strategy to hinder the development of cardiovascular diseases in type 1 diabetes, thereby improve the outcomes.
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13
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Hua F, Shi L, Zhou P. Phenols and terpenoids: natural products as inhibitors of NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:137-147. [PMID: 35039992 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00918-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory infiltration has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the development of several types of CVDs, including myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion damage, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and hypertension. Inhibiting the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome can inhibit the progress of CVDs. However, there is no NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor in clinic, and it is very important to find a safe and effective NLRP3 inhibitor. Phenols and terpenoids are naturally natural products that have many anti-inflammatory effects in CVDs by modulating the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway. Thus, 20 natural products from phenols and terpenoids for the treatment of cardiovascular disease based on the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome were summarized and screened. Docking results showed salvianolic acid B and ellagic acid in phenols, and oridonin and triptolide in terpenoids had a better binding activity with NLRP3, which can provide theoretical support for finding novel NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors or lead compounds in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hua
- Pharmacy School, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli Shi
- Pharmacy School, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Wang K, Hu H, Cui W, Zhang X, Tang Q, Liu N, Lan X, Pan C. Palliative effects of metformin on testicular damage induced by triptolide in male rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112536. [PMID: 34303043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a widely existing traditional Chinese medicine component, TP (triptolide) has serious reproductive toxicity which causes severe damage to the reproductive system and limits its application prospect. TP and MET (metformin) have shown great potential in combined with each other in anticancer and anti-inflammatory. Whether metformin can resist the reproductive toxicity caused by triptolide, the effects of MET on TP-induced reproductive capacity has not been reported. In this study, metformin was used to investigate the therapeutic effect on reproductive toxicity induced by TP in rat. The results showed that metformin had significant therapeutic effects on oxidative stress damage, destruction of the blood-testosterone barrier and apoptosis. And it proved that its therapeutic effect is mainly to restore the structural and functional stability of testis through antioxidant stress. It will provide guidance for the treatment of reproductive toxicity caused by TP and the adjuvant detoxification of TP application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Huina Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Wenbo Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Qi Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Nuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Chuanying Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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15
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Azizian H, Khaksari M, Asadikaram G, Esmailidehaj M, Shahrokhi N. Progesterone eliminates 17β-estradiol-Mediated cardioprotection against diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction in ovariectomized rats. Biomed J 2021; 44:461-470. [PMID: 34507919 PMCID: PMC8514797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type2 Diabetes (T2D) remains one of the most important causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Menopause leads to an increase in CVD and metabolic syndrome, which indicates the role of sex steroids as a protective factor. In the present study, we surveyed the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) alone and in combination with progesterone (P4) on cardiovascular dysfunction in T2D. Methods Female ovariectomized (OVX) diabetic rats were divided into eight groups: Sham-Control, Diabetes (Dia), OVX + Dia, OVX + Dia + Vehicle, OVX + Dia + E2, OVX + Dia + P4, OVX + Dia + E2+P4, and OVX + Dia + E2+Vehicle. T2D was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. E2 and P4 were administrated every four days for four weeks. The heart cytokines and angiotensin II, lipid profile, insulin, water, and food intake and cardiovascular indices were measured. Results Results showed that single treatment with E2 decreased fasting blood glucose, water, and food intake, atherogenic and cardiac risk indices, and blood pressure. Also, P4 led to a decrease in atherogenic and cardiac risk indices. TNFα and IL-6 levels were increased and IL-10 was decreased in the Dia group, while E2 alone was able to inhibit these changes. The combined use of E2 and P4 eliminated the beneficial effects of E2 on these indices. Although diabetes results in an increment of cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride, hormone therapy with E2 was associated with improved dyslipidemia. Conclusion The use of E2 alone, and not the individual use of P4, and its combination with E2 improved cardiovascular function in OVX diabetic animals, possibly by reducing the amount of inflammatory cytokines and improving metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Azizian
- Neurobiomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research, and Physiology Research Centers, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Asadikaram
- Department of Biochemistry, and Metabolism & Endocrinology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mansour Esmailidehaj
- Neurobiomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nader Shahrokhi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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16
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Amin N, Du X, Chen S, Ren Q, Hussien AB, Botchway BOA, Hu Z, Fang M. Therapeutic impact of thymoquninone to alleviate ischemic brain injury via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:597-612. [PMID: 34236288 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1952986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated inflammation plays a crucial role in ischemic brain injury. Therefore, the activation of the nuclear erythroid 2 related protein and heme-oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) pathway by thymoquinone (TQ) could ameliorate ischemic brain damage.Areas covered: The photo-thrombotic method was employed to assess the impact of TQ in attenuating ischemic brain damage in C57BL/6 J mice and thy1-YFP-16 transgenic mice. In vitro study of TQ efficiency to attenuate the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induced cell death by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACs) analysis was also analyzed. The protein expression levels of Nrf2/HO-1, inflammatory, and apoptotic were evaluated by immunofluorescence and western blot techniques. Besides, mRNA expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), proto-oncogene (c-MYC), proto-oncogene (c-FOS), 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (5-HT), and autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The dendritic spine density of YFP slices was determined by confocal microscope.Results: Our in vivo and in vitro results indicated that TQ significantly mitigates brain damage and motor dysfunction after ischemic stroke. These observations coincided with curtailed cell death, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Most importantly, Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway activation by TQ was vital in the modulation of the above processes. Lastly, we found TQ to have minimal toxicity in liver tissue.Conclusion: Our study gives credence to TQ as a promising intervention therapy for cerebral ischemia that decreases inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal cell death via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, along with modulation of apoptotic and autophagic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Amin
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Du
- Translational Medicine Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shijia Chen
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Ren
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Azhar B Hussien
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benson O A Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Hu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Gastroenterology department, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Rong L, Sun S, Zhu F, Xu Q, Li H, Gao Q, Zhang W, Tang B, Zhang H, Wang H, Kang P. Effects of irbesartan on myocardial injury in diabetic rats: The role of NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2021; 21:1470320320926049. [PMID: 32466695 PMCID: PMC7263129 DOI: 10.1177/1470320320926049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To observe the mechanism of myocardial injury in diabetic rats after irbesartan intervention and analyze the role of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory pathway. The experiment was divided into four groups: normal control group (CON), high glucose and high caloric diet group (HC), diabetes group (DM) and diabetes+irbesartan group (DM+Ir). Compared with CON group, in HC group, triglyceride, total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose levels were increased; however, there was no significant difference of the cardiac function, the degree of myocardial fibrosis, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 mRNA and protein expressions and the releasing of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Compared with HC group, in DM group, triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, IL-1β and IL-18 levels, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 mRNA and protein expressions and the degree of myocardial fibrosis were increased, but the cardiac function was decreased. Compared with DM group, there were no changes in total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose, the degree of myocardial fibrosis cardiac function was attenuated, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 expressions, IL-1β and IL-18 levels were reduced in DM+Ir group. The results suggested that irbesartan may exert myocardial protection by inhibiting the expression of the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Rong
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Feiyu Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China.,Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Qingmei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China.,Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Qin Gao
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, PR China.,Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Bi Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Hongju Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Pinfang Kang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, PR China.,Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, PR China
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18
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Li X, Meng C, Han F, Yang J, Wang J, Zhu Y, Cui X, Zuo M, Xu J, Chang B. Vildagliptin Attenuates Myocardial Dysfunction and Restores Autophagy via miR-21/SPRY1/ERK in Diabetic Mice Heart. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:634365. [PMID: 33815116 PMCID: PMC8013777 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.634365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Vildagliptin (vild) improves diastolic dysfunction and is associated with a lower relative risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in younger patients. The present study aimed to evaluate whether vild prevents the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic mice and identify its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Type 2 diabetic mouse model was generated using wild-type (WT) (C57BL/6J) and miR-21 knockout mice by treatment with HFD/STZ. Cardiomyocyte-specific miR-21 overexpression was achieved using adeno-associated virus 9. Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function in mice. Morphology, autophagy, and proteins levels in related pathway were analyzed. qRT-PCR was used to detect miR-21. Rat cardiac myoblast cell line (H9c2) cells were transfected with miR-21 mimics and inhibitor to explore the related mechanisms of miR-21 in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Results: Vild restored autophagy and alleviated fibrosis, thereby enhancing cardiac function in DM mice. In addition, miR-21 levels were increased under high glucose conditions. miR-21 knockout DM mice with miR-21 knockout had reduced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction compared to WT DM mice. Overexpression of miR-21 aggravated fibrosis, reduced autophagy, and attenuated the protective effect of vild on cardiac function. In high-glucose-treated H9c2 cells, the downstream effectors of sprouty homolog 1 (SPRY1) including extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and mammalian target of rapamycin showed significant changes following transfection with miR-21 mimics or inhibitor. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that vild prevents DCM by restoring autophagy through the miR-21/SPRY1/ERK/mTOR pathway. Therefore, miR-21 is a target in the development of DCM, and vild demonstrates significant potential for clinical application in prevention of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Meng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juhong Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjuan Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minxia Zuo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baocheng Chang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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19
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Abdulwahab DA, El-Missiry MA, Shabana S, Othman AI, Amer ME. Melatonin protects the heart and pancreas by improving glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in T2DM-induced rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06474. [PMID: 33748504 PMCID: PMC7970364 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy and pancreatic injury are health issues associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and are characterized by elevated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Melatonin (MLT) is a hormone with multifunctional antioxidant activity. The protective effects of MLT on the heart and pancreas during the early development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and pancreatic injury were investigated in male Wistar rats with T2DM. MLT (10 mg/kg) was administered daily by gavage for 15 days after diabetic induction. Treatment of diabetic rats with MLT significantly normalized the levels of serum glucose, HbA1-c, and the lipid profile and improved the insulin levels and insulin resistance compared with diabetic rats, affirming its antidiabetic effect. MLT significantly prevented the development of oxidative stress and sustained the levels of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity in the heart and pancreas of diabetic animals, indicating its antioxidant capacity. Additionally, MLT prevented the increase in proinflammatory cytokines and expression of Bax, caspase-3 and P53. Furthermore, MLT enhanced the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. MLT controlled the levels of troponin T and creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase activity, indicating its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Histological examinations confirmed the protective effects of MLT on T2DM-induced injury in the myocardium, pancreas and islets of Langerhans. In conclusion, the protective effects of melatonin on the heart and pancreas during the early development of T2DM are attributed to its antihyperglycemic, antilipidemic and antioxidant influences as well as its remarkable anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sameh Shabana
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Azza I. Othman
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maggie E. Amer
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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20
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Zhang J, Zheng X, Wang P, Wang J, Ding W. Role of apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) in cell death and cardiovascular disease. Apoptosis 2021; 26:24-37. [PMID: 33604728 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) is a highly effective and multifunctional inhibitor of apoptosis that is mainly expressed in postmitotic cells such as cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells. ARC contains a C-terminal region rich in proline and glutamic acid residues and an N-terminal caspase recruitment domain (CARD). The CARD is originally described as a protein-binding motif that interacts with caspase through a CARD-CARD interaction. Initially, the inhibitory effect of ARC was only found in apoptosis, however, it was later found that ARC also played a regulatory role in other types of cell death. As a powerful cardioprotective factor, ARC can protect the heart by inhibiting the death of cardiomyocytes in various ways. ARC can reduce the cardiomyocyte apoptotic response to various stresses and injuries, including extrinsic apoptosis induced by death receptor ligands, cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and the dysregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress and hypoxia. In addition, changes in ARC transcription and translation levels in the heart can cause a series of physiological and pathological changes, and ARC can also perform corresponding functions through interactions with other molecules. Although there has been much research on ARC, the functional redundancy among proteins shows that ARC still has much research value. This review summarizes the molecular characteristics of ARC, its roles in the various death modes in cardiomyocytes and the roles of ARC in cardiac pathophysiology. This article also describes the potential therapeutic effect and research prospects of ARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianxin Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peiyan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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21
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Wang Y, Wang B, Yang X. The Study of Cellular Mechanism of Triptolide in the Treatment of Cancer, Bone Loss and Cardiovascular Disease and Triptolide's Toxicity. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:18-23. [PMID: 30834841 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666190301155810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide (TPL), the active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (Twhf) has been used to treat cancer and bone loss conditions for over two hundred years in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this paper, we reviewed the specific molecular mechanisms in the treatment of cancer, bone loss and cardiovascular disease. In addition, we analyze the toxicity of TPL and collect some optimized derivatives extracted from TPL. Although positive results were obtained in most cell culture and animal studies, further studies are needed to substantiate the beneficial effects of TPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhan Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaobin Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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22
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Sahukari R, Punabaka J, Bhasha S, Ganjikunta VS, Ramudu SK, Kesireddy SR. Plant Compounds for the Treatment of Diabetes, a Metabolic Disorder: NF-κB as a Therapeutic Target. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4955-4969. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200730221035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The prevalence of diabetes in the world population hás reached 8.8 % and is expected to
rise to 10.4% by 2040. Hence, there is an urgent need for the discovery of drugs against therapeutic targets to
sojourn its prevalence. Previous studies proved that NF-κB serves as a central agent in the development of diabetic
complications.
Objectives:
This review intended to list the natural plant compounds that would act as inhibitors of NF-κB signalling
in different organs under the diabetic condition with their possible mechanism of action.
Methods:
Information on NF-κB, diabetes, natural products, and relation in between them, was gathered from
scientific literature databases such as Pubmed, Medline, Google scholar, Science Direct, Springer, Wiley online
library.
Results and Conclusion:
NF-κB plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic complications because of its
link in the expression of genes that are responsible for organs damage such as kidney, brain, eye, liver, heart,
muscle, endothelium, adipose tissue and pancreas by inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Activation of
PPAR-α, SIRT3/1, and FXR through many cascades by plant compounds such as terpenoids, iridoids, flavonoids,
alkaloids, phenols, tannins, carbohydrates, and phytocannabinoids recovers diabetic complications. These compounds
also exhibit the prevention of NF-κB translocation into the nucleus by inhibiting NF-κB activators, such
as VEGFR, RAGE and TLR4 receptors, which in turn, prevent the activation of many genes involved in tissue
damage. Current knowledge on the treatment of diabetes by targeting NF-κB is limited, so future studies would
enlighten accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sahukari
- Division of Molecular Biology and Ethnopharmacology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Jyothi Punabaka
- Division of Molecular Biology and Ethnopharmacology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Shanmugam Bhasha
- Division of Molecular Biology and Ethnopharmacology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Venkata S. Ganjikunta
- Division of Molecular Biology and Ethnopharmacology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Shanmugam K. Ramudu
- Division of Molecular Biology and Ethnopharmacology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Sathyavelu R. Kesireddy
- Division of Molecular Biology and Ethnopharmacology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
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23
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Yang J, Lin X, Wang L, Sun T, Zhao Q, Ma Q, Zhou Y. LncRNA MALAT1 Enhances ox-LDL-Induced Autophagy through the SIRT1/MAPK/NF-κB Pathway in Macrophages. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:652-662. [PMID: 32183682 DOI: 10.2174/1570161118666200317153124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In
advanced atherosclerotic plaque, macrophage apoptosis coupled with inflammatory cytokine secretion
promotes the formation of necrotic cores. It has also been demonstrated that the long-noncoding Ribonucleic
Acid (lnc RNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), with its
potent function on gene transcription modulation, maintains oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-
induced macrophage autophagy (i.e., helps with cholesterol efflux). It also showed that MALAT1 activated
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which subsequently inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. ox-LDL has been used to incubate human
myeloid leukemia mononuclear cells (THP-1)-derived macrophages to establish an in vitro foam cell
model. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses confirmed
the increased expression level of MALAT1 and the autophagy-related protein Microtubuleassociated
protein light chain 3 (LC-3), beclin-1. The small interfering RNA study showed a significant
decrease in autophagy activity and an increase in apoptotic rate when knocking down MALAT1. Further
study demonstrated that MALAT1 inhibited the expression of MAPK and NF-κB (p65) by upregulating
SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuze Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liangshan Wang
- Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tienan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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24
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Wang Y, Sun H, Zhang J, Xia Z, Chen W. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats: ameliorative effect of PIPERINE via Bcl2, Bax/Bcl2, and caspase-3 pathways. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:2533-2544. [PMID: 32892714 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1815170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of present investigation was to appraise the effects of piperine on STZ-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with intraperitoneal STZ injection, and the rats were assigned to seven groups. Electrocardiograph, hemodynamic, various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters were examined. Treatment with piperine significantly (p < 0.05) restored altered myocardial functions, inhibited cardiac marker, and restored electrocardiogram and hemodynamic alterations. The elevated level of cardiac oxido-nitrosative stress and decreased cardiac Na-K-ATPase concentration, after STZ administration, were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated by piperine treatment. Piperine also considerably (p < 0.05) increased myocardial mitochondrial enzyme activity. STZ-induced alteration in heart ANP, BNP, cTn-I, Bcl2, Bax/Bcl2, and caspase3 mRNA expression was significantly (p < 0.05) restored by piperine treatment. Piperine administration reduced histopathological aberrations induced by STZ. In conclusion, the present investigation suggests that piperine ameliorates STZ-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy via modulation of caspase-3, Bcl2, Bax/Bcl2 pathways. Abbreviations: ACE: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme; ANOVA: Analysis of Variance; ANP: Atrial Natriuretic Peptide; APAF: Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor; ARB: Angiotensin Receptor Blockers; ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate; Bax: Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl2: B-cell lymphoma 2; BPM: Beats Per Minute; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: Caspase-3-Activated DNase; cDNA: Complementary DNA; CK-MB: Creatine Kinase-MB; CPCSEA: Committee for the Purpose of Control And Supervision of Experiments on Animals; cTn-I: cardiac troponin I; DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure; DCM: Diabetic Cardiomyopathy; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid; DPX: DisterenePhthalate Xylene; ECG: Electrocardiogram; ETC: Electron Transport Chain; GOD-POD: Glucose Oxidase Peroxidase; GSH: Glutathione; IAEC: Institutional Animal Ethics Committee; IL-6: Interleukin-6; IL-1b: Interleukin-1b; LDH: Lactate Dehydrogenase; LV: Left Ventricle; LVEDP: left ventricular end-diastolic Pressure; MABP: Mean Arterial Blood Pressure; MDA: Malondialdehyde; mRNA: Messenger Ribonucleic Acid; MTT: 3- (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-DiphenyltetrazoliumBromide; NADH: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate; NADPH: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Hydrogen; NO: nitric oxide; NP: Natriuretic Peptides; OXPHOS: Oxidative Phosphorylation; p.o.: per os; PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction; RT-PCR: Reverse Transcriptionpolymerase Chain Reaction; PPAR: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma; RAS: Renin-Angiotensin System; RNA: Ribonucleic Acid; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure; SDH: Succinate Dehydrogenase; SEM: Standard Error Means; SOD: superoxide dismutase: STZ: Streptozotocin; TNF: Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha; TnI: Troponin I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianwu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhiyang Xia
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, China
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25
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Li JM, Pan XC, Ding YY, Tong YF, Chen XH, Liu Y, Zhang HG. Effect of Triptolide on Temporal Expression of Cell Cycle Regulators During Cardiac Hypertrophy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:566938. [PMID: 33013405 PMCID: PMC7498627 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.566938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes may reenter the cell cycle and cause cardiac hypertrophy. Triptolide (TP) can regulate the expressions of various cell cycle regulators in cancer cells. However, its effects on cell cycle regulators during myocardial hypertrophy and mechanism are unclear. This study was designed to explore the profile of cell cycle of cardiomyocytes and the temporal expression of their regulators during cardiac hypertrophy, as well as the effects of TP. The hypertrophy models employed were neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) stimulated with angiotensin II (Ang II) for scheduled times (from 5 min to 48 h) in vitro and mice treated with isoprenaline (Iso) for from 1 to 21 days, respectively. TP was used in vitro at 1 μg/L and in vivo at 10 μg/kg. NRVMs were analyzed using flow cytometry to detect the cell cycle, and the expression levels of mRNA and protein of various cell cycle regulators were determined using real-time PCR and Western blot. It was found NRVM numbers in phases S and G2 increased, while that in the G1 phase decreased significantly after Ang II stimulation. The mRNA expression levels of p21 and p27 increased soon after stimulation, and thereafter, mRNA expression levels of all cell cycle factors showed a decreasing trend and reached their lowest levels in 1–3 h, except for cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and CDK4 mRNA. The mRNA expression levels of CDK1, p21, and p27 increased markedly after stimulation with Ang II for 24–48 h. In myocardium tissue, CDK and cyclin expression levels peaked in 3–7 days, followed by a decreasing trend, while those of p21 and p27 mRNA remained at a high level on day 21. Expression levels of all protein were consistent with the results of mRNA in NRVMs or mice. The influence of Ang II or Iso on protein expression was more obvious than that on mRNA. TP treatment effectively prevented the imbalance in the expression of cell cycle regulators in the hypertrophy model group. In Conclusion, an imbalance in the expression of cell cycle regulators occurs during cardiac hypertrophy, and triptolide corrects these abnormal expression levels and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Mei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xi-Chun Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yang-Fei Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Traditional Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Gang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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26
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Rong L, Sun S, Zhu F, Zhao Y, Gao Q, Zhang H, Tang B, Wang H, Kang P. [Expression of NLRP1 inflammasomes in myocardial tissue of diabetic rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:87-92. [PMID: 32376565 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.01.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the expression of NLRP1 inflammasomes in myocardial tissues in rats with a high-fat and highsugar diet and in diabetic rats analyze the role of NLRP1 inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. METHODS Male SD rats were divided into normal control group, high-sugar and high-fat diet (HC) group and diabetes group. Rat models of diabetes were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 30 mg/kg). Serum levels of cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and fasting insulin (FINS) were measured after 8 weeks of feeding, and the insulin resistance index (IRI) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated; Echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac structure and function was performed, and Western blotting and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qRCP) were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of NLRP1, ASC, and caspase 1 in the myocardial tissue. RESULTS Compared with the control rats, the rats in the HC group had significantly increased body weight (BW), serum levels of TG and TC, mRNA expressions of NLRP1 and caspase 1, and the protein expression of NLRP1 (P < 0.01) without significant changes in FINS, IRI, ISI, or cardiac ultrasound findings (P > 0.05) or in myocardial ASC and caspase 1 protein expressions or serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 (P > 0.05). In the diabetic rats, TC, TG, and FBG levels increased and FINS, ISI decreased significantly (P < 0.01); the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVID) and the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVSD) increased while the ejection fraction (LVEF), short axis shortening rate (FS), and E/A ratio all decreased. The expressions of NLRP1/ASC/caspase 1 pathway mRNA and NLRP1 and caspase 1 proteins also increased but myocardium ASC protein expression did not show significant changes in the diabetic rats (P > 0.05). IL-1β and IL-18 levels were also significantly higher in the diabetic rats than in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with those in HC group, the diabetic rats showed significantly increased serum FBG and decreased FINS, ISI and BW (P < 0.01) with decreased LVSD, LVEF and E/A ratio and increased levels of NLRP1 and caspase 1 protein expressions and serum L-1β and IL-18 levels (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes can cause abnormal changes in cardiac structure and functions and induce inflammatory response in the myocardium, which may be related to the activation of NLRP1/ASC/ caspase 1 inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Rong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Feiyu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, South Campus, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Bi Tang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Hongju Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Pinfang Kang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
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27
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Li P, Yang X, Yang Y, He H, Chou CK, Chen F, Pan H, Liu L, Cai L, Ma Y, Chen X. Synergistic effect of all-trans-retinal and triptolide encapsulated in an inflammation-targeted nanoparticle on collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J Control Release 2019; 319:87-103. [PMID: 31862360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of nano-encapsulated anti-inflammatory agent represents a promising while challenging strategy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Pro-inflammatory macrophages play a major role in the pathogenesis of RA. In this study, we investigated the effect of a macrophage-targeted pH-sensitive nanoparticle on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. To target macrophage, all-trans-retinal was conjugated into dextran backbone through pH-sensitive hydrazone bond, then grafted with galactose (GDR). This nanoparticle was used for the encapsulation of triptolide (TPT), a potent anti-inflammatory compound isolated from Chinese herb. As expected, GDR nanoparticles preferentially accumulated in the inflammatory tissues. Treatment with GDR-TPT nanoparticles resulted in a marked decrease in the infiltration of CD3+ T cells and F4/80+ macrophages and reduction of the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the inflamed lesions of CIA mice. Furthermore, Th1 and Th17 responses were also inhibited. Importantly, anti-arthritic effect of TPT was markedly enhanced while its toxic effect was attenuated by encapsulating with GDR. GDR by itself also had moderate effect in the inhibition of arthritis, due to its intrinsic anti-inflammatory property. Therefore, our results clearly show that GDR-TPT nanoparticle may represent a promising drug delivery system for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau 999078, PR China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau 999078, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau 999078, PR China
| | - Huamei He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Chon-Kit Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau 999078, PR China
| | - Fengyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau 999078, PR China
| | - Hong Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Lintao Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Yifan Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Key Lab of Health Informatics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau 999078, PR China.
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28
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Yuan K, Li X, Lu Q, Zhu Q, Jiang H, Wang T, Huang G, Xu A. Application and Mechanisms of Triptolide in the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases-A Review. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1469. [PMID: 31866868 PMCID: PMC6908995 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds from medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects have been emerging as important sources of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Triptolide, a diterpene triepoxide, is a pharmacologically active compound isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) that is used as a remedy for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. As the most promising bioactive compound obtained from TwHF, triptolide has attracted considerable interest recently, especially for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities. Over the past few years, an increasing number of studies have been published emphasizing the value of triptolide in the treatment of diverse inflammatory disorders. Here, we systematically review the mechanism of action and the therapeutic properties of triptolide in various inflammatory diseases according to different systematic organs, including lupus nephritis, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis with pubmed and Embase. Based on this review, potential research strategies might contribute to the clinical application of triptolide in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haixu Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangrui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Anlong Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Alves BEO, de Alencar AKN, Gamba LER, Trachez MM, da Silva JS, Araújo JSC, Montagnoli TL, Mendes LVP, Pimentel-Coelho PM, do M N Cunha V, Mendez-Otero R, Oliveira GMM, Lima LM, Barreiro EJ, Sudo RT, Zapata-Sudo G. Reduction of cardiac and renal dysfunction by new inhibitor of DPP4 in diabetic rats. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1190-1200. [PMID: 31669883 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased mortality due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with renal and/or cardiovascular dysfunction. Dipeptidyl dipeptidase-4 inhibitors (iDPP-4s) may exert cardioprotective effects through their pleiotropic actions via glucagon-like peptide 1-dependent mechanisms. In this study, the pharmacological profile of a new iDPP-4 (LASSBio-2124) was investigated in rats with cardiac and renal dysfunction induced by T2DM. METHODS T2DM was induced in rats by 2 weeks of a high-fat diet followed by intravenous injection of streptozotocin. Metabolic disturbance and cardiac, vascular, and renal dysfunction were analyzed in the experimental groups. RESULTS Sitagliptin and LASSBio-2124 administration after T2DM induction reduced elevated glucose levels to 319.8 ± 13.2 and 279.7 ± 17.8 mg/dL, respectively (p < 0.05). LASSBio-2124 also lowered the cholesterol and triglyceride levels from 76.8 ± 8.0 to 42.7 ± 3.2 mg/dL and from 229.7 ± 25.4 to 100.7 ± 17.1 mg/dL, in diabetic rats. Sitagliptin and LASSBio-2124 reversed the reduction of the plasma insulin level. LASSBio-2124 recovered the increased urinary flow in diabetic animals and reduced 24-h proteinuria from 23.7 ± 1.5 to 13.3 ± 2.8 mg (p < 0.05). It also reduced systolic and diastolic left-ventricular dysfunction in hearts from diabetic rats. CONCLUSION The effects of LASSBio-2124 were superior to those of sitagliptin in the cardiovascular systems of T2DM rats. This new prototype showed promise for the avoidance of comorbidities in a T2DM experimental model, and thus may constitute an innovative therapeutic agent for the treatment of these conditions in the clinical field in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryelle E O Alves
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Allan K N de Alencar
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luis E R Gamba
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Margarete M Trachez
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline S da Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Josenildo S C Araújo
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tadeu L Montagnoli
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiza V P Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Pimentel-Coelho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valéria do M N Cunha
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gláucia M M Oliveira
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lídia M Lima
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliezer J Barreiro
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto T Sudo
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gisele Zapata-Sudo
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Wang X, Zheng M, Fei F, Li C, Du J, Liu K, Li Y, Zhang S. EMT-related protein expression in polyploid giant cancer cells and their daughter cells with different passages after triptolide treatment. Med Oncol 2019; 36:82. [PMID: 31407170 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1303-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous work has demonstrated that paclitaxel can induce the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) and inhibit tumor growth by reprogramming ovarian cancer epithelial cells to a benign fibroblastic state via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Here, triptolide (TPL) was used to treat the breast and ovarian cancer lines. The morphologic characteristics and EMT-related protein expression were studied in different generation of cancer cells after TPL treatment. When BT-549 and HEY cells reached 80-90% confluence, TPL was added to BT-549 for 48 h and HEY for 9 h at a concentration of 40 ng/ml. Scattered PGCCs survived from TPL treatment and generated daughter cells, and then were cultured in medium without TPL for at least ten generation. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemical staining were performed to detect the expression levels and subcellular location of EMT-related proteins in control cells and different generation of TPL-induced PGCCs with daughter cells. Furthermore, wound-healing, transwell, cell counting kit-8, and MTT assay were used to compare the alternation of migration, invasion, and proliferation among control cells and different generation of TPL-induced PGCCs with daughter cells. Scattered PGCCs survived from the treatment of TPL and produced small-sized daughter cells 20-30 days after treatment. Compared to the control cells, the first generation of TPL-induced PGCCs with their daughter cells differentially expressed EMT-related proteins including fibronectin, E-cadherin, vimentin, and Twist, and had lower migration, invasion, and proliferation abilities. The abilities of migration, invasion, and proliferation of TPL-induced PGCCs with their daughter cells gradually enhanced as the passages increasing, and markedly exceeded the control cells in the tenth generation. TPL-induced PGCCs with their daughter cells gradually obtain the abilities of invasion and metastasis in vitro as the number of passage increasing, which can be used to mimick the cancer cells subjected to anti-cancer drugs in vivo and may provide some new insights to explore the mechanism of cancer invasion, metastasis and relapse after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Fei
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing Du
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Departments of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Li H, Li Y, Zhao Y, Xiong F, Liu Y, Xue H, Yang Z, Ni S, Sahil A, Che H, Wang L. Coriolus versicolor
alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting cardiac fibrosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2737-2748. [PMID: 31338905 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiu Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Yihan Zhao
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Fangfei Xiong
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Yining Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of PharmacyHarbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Hongru Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, College of PharmacyHarbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of PharmacyHarbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Sha Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, College of PharmacyHarbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Abbas Sahil
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Hui Che
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
- Institute of Chronic DiseaseHeilongjiang Academy of Medical Science Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
- Institute of Chronic DiseaseHeilongjiang Academy of Medical Science Harbin Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
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32
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Deng Y, Guo L, Cai H, Chen L, Tan S, Zhang B, Fang P, Xiang D, Li H, He G, Yan M. Dihydromyricetin affect the pharmacokinetics of triptolide in rats. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:332-338. [PMID: 31092113 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1616851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
1. Dihydromyricetin (DMY) has anti-tumor and hepatoprotective activities and inhibits the activity of CYP enzymes and P-gp. In this research, we explored the effect of DMY on the pharmacokinetics of triptolide (TP), an anti-tumor Chinese medicine that is mainly metabolized by CYP enzymes and is the substrate of P-gp.2. Rats were administrated TP (1.2 mg/kg) with and without DMY in different dosage regimens, then a sensitive and reliable LC-MS/MS method was developed and applied to assess the pharmacokinetics of TP. The blood samples for TP were collected from each rat up to 120 min after administration of TP.3. When co-administrated with single dose of DMY (100 mg/kg), the AUC, Cmax and T1/2 of TP were significantly enhanced by 98, 83 and 66%, respectively. The T1/2 of TP was significantly prolonged from 23.6 ± 6.4 to 70.5 ± 12.5 min with 14-doses pretreatment of DMY (500 mg/kg), conversely, the Cmax was decreased by 30% and the AUC was enhanced by 24%.4. These results hinted that administration of DMY with TP did alter the pharmacokinetics of TP, and provided the theoretical pharmacokinetic basis to study on the protective effects of DMY against acute liver injury caused by TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.,School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, PR China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Hualin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Shenglan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Pingfei Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Daxiong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Huande Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Guixia He
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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33
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Han Q, Liu Q, Zhang H, Lu M, Wang H, Tang F, Zhang Y. Simvastatin Improves Cardiac Hypertrophy in Diabetic Rats by Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Calpain-1-Mediated Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB). Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1232-1241. [PMID: 30767945 PMCID: PMC6383435 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has been reported to exert multiple protective effects on the cardiovascular system. However, the molecular mechanism remains to be examined. The present study was designed to study the effects of simvastatin on cardiac hypertrophy in diabetic rats and to explore its potential mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into a control (Con) group, a streptozotocin (STZ) group, and a STZ+simvastatin (STZ+SIM) group. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by using dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. The protein expressions of p65, IκBα, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), calpain-1, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were examined by Western blot analysis. qPCR was used to detect the levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). RESULTS Simvastatin improved the cardiac hypertrophy of diabetic rats, as demonstrated by decreases in the ratios of left ventricular weight/body weight (LVW/BW) and heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) and by the downregulation of mRNA expression of BNP and ANP in the heart tissue. Simvastatin decreased the protein expressions of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IL-6, and TNF-α, increased eNOS protein expression, and limited an increase in ROS levels in the heart tissue. Simvastatin increased IkBa protein expression in cytoplasm and inhibited the translocation of p65, the subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) to the nucleus from the cytoplasm of the heart tissue. Furthermore, simvastatin attenuated the activity of calpain and calpain-1 protein expression in heart tissue. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in diabetic rats, which might be due to the attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation induced by calpain-1-mediated activation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Han
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Meili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Futian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China
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34
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Zhang B, Xu D. Protective effects of astaxanthin on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2018.1503617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingshan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Di Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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35
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Yang Y, Zhang LJ, Bai XG, Xu HJ, Jin ZL, Ding M. Synergistic antitumour effects of triptolide plus gemcitabine in bladder cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:1307-1316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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36
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Li C, Liu M, Yang Z, Shi Z, Xue H, Ma H. PM2.5 INDUCED AIRWAY INFLAMMATION AND PROMOTED AIRWAY HYPERREACTIVITY THROUGH SIRT2-p65 PATHWAY. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.07.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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37
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Han X, Wu YC, Meng M, Sun QS, Gao SM, Sun H. Linarin prevents LPS‑induced acute lung injury by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation via inhibition of TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF‑κB pathways. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1460-1472. [PMID: 29845284 PMCID: PMC6089707 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality for critically ill patients, and linarin (LR) may be a potential treatment for ALI as it reportedly has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and apoptotic-regulating activity. In the present study, the authors report that saline and LR (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) were applied to male C57BL/6 mice via gavage. Then, mice were intratracheally injected with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LR-pretreatment attenuated LPS-induced ALI and platelet activation and reduced CD41 expression levels and neutrophil platelet aggregates. Additionally, LPS-triggered pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil infiltration in lung tissues, and this was eliminated by LR dose-dependently. Furthermore, LPS-induced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine release were downregulated by LR by inhibiting thioredoxin-interacting protein and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways, including their downstream and upstream signals, such as xanthine oxidase, NLR family WHAT, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1, IκB kinase-α (IKK-α) and IκBα. Moreover, in LPS-induced mice, the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway was inactivated by LR. In vitro, LR reduced LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress, which was linked to reduction of ROS. In conclusion, LR pretreatment may be protective against LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Han
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Chen Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Min Meng
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Song Sun
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Su-Min Gao
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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Icariside II attenuates myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB and the TGF-β1/Smad2 signalling pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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39
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Ginkgo biloba Leaf Extract Protects against Myocardial Injury via Attenuation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic ApoE -/- Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2370617. [PMID: 29682154 PMCID: PMC5845491 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2370617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes was induced in high-fat diet-fed ApoE−/− mice via administration of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) for five days. Mice were then treated with GBE (200 or 400 mg/kg) by gastric gavage daily for 12 weeks. Mice in the untreated diabetic group received saline instead, and nondiabetic C57BL/6J mice served as controls. Collagen І and ІІІ mRNA expression was measured by real-time PCR. TNF-α, IL-1β mRNA levels, and NF-κB expression were determined to analyze intramyocardial inflammation. Hallmarks of endoplasmic reticulum stress- (ERS-) related apoptosis pathways, including phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), caspase-12, and cleaved caspase-3, were analyzed by Western blotting. Diabetic ApoE−/− myocardial injury was associated with increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis (increased expression of p-JNK, CHOP, caspase-12, and cleaved caspase-3), interstitial fibrosis (increased mRNA levels of collagen І and ІІІ), and inflammation (increased mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, and NF-κB expression). GBE at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day significantly attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, collagen deposition, and inflammation in diabetic mice via inhibition of the p-JNK, CHOP, and caspase-12 pathways. Serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), blood glucose, and lipid profiles were also regulated by GBE treatment. GBE might be beneficial in the treatment of diabetic myocardial injury.
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40
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You S, Qian J, Sun C, Zhang H, Ye S, Chen T, Xu Z, Wang J, Huang W, Liang G. An Aza resveratrol-chalcone derivative 6b protects mice against diabetic cardiomyopathy by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1931-1943. [PMID: 29327811 PMCID: PMC5824376 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress play a crucial role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). We previously had synthesized an Aza resveratrol–chalcone derivative 6b, of which effectively suppressing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory response in macrophages. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of 6b on DCM and underlying mechanism. In H9c2 myocardial cells, 6b potently decreased high glucose (HG)‐induced cell fibrosis, hypertrophy and apoptosis, alleviating inflammatory response and oxidant stress. In STZ‐induced type 1 diabetic mice (STZ‐DM1), orally administration with 6b for 16 weeks significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers was also suppressed by 6b distinctly, without affecting blood glucose and body weight. The anti‐inflammatory and antioxidative activities of 6b were mechanistic associated with nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) nucleus entry blockage and Nrf2 activation both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that 6b can be a promising cardioprotective agent in treatment of DCM via inhibiting inflammation and alleviating oxidative stress. This study also validated the important role of NF‐κB and Nrf2 taken in the pathogenesis of DCM, which could be therapeutic targets for diabetic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengban You
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Translational Medicine Center in Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuchu Sun
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Translational Medicine Center in Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiju Ye
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Taiwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Translational Medicine Center in Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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41
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The protective effects of triptolide on age-related bone loss in old male rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 98:280-285. [PMID: 29274584 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have showed that triptolide have a critical role in inhibiting osteoclast formation, bone resorption and attenuating regional osteoporosis. However, the protective role of triptolide on age-related bone loss has not been investigated. In the study, we assessed the effect of triptolide supplementation on bone microstructure and bone remolding in old male rat lumbars. METHODS Fifty-two 22-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to either triptolide treatment group or control group. Triptolide (15 μg/kg/d) or normal saline was administered to the rats of assigned group for 8 weeks. Lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microstructure were analyzed by micro-CT. Fluorochrome labeling of the bones was performed to measure the mineral apposition rate (MAR) and bone formation rate (BFR). Osteoclast number was also measured by TRAP staining. Plasma level of osteocalcin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (Tracp 5b) was also analyzed. RESULTS Micro-CT results revealed that triptolide-treated rats had significant higher BMD, bone volume over total volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone trabecular number (Tb.N), and lower trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) compared to the control group. Although fluorochrome labeling result showed no significant difference in MAR and BFR between the groups, triptolide decreased osteoclast number in vivo. In addition, a significant higher level of plasma Tracp 5b was observed in the triptolide-treated rats. Furthermore, triptolide also reduced the expression of receptor for activation of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and increased osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in the lumbars. CONCLUSION These results suggested that triptolide had a protective effect on age-related bone loss at least in part by reducing osteoclast number in elder rats. Therefore, triptolide might be a feasible therapeutic approach for senile osteoporosis.
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胡 静, 谷 小, 孟 炎, 王 娅, 高 琴, 李 正, 李 晓, 程 向. [Effect of dexmedetomidine postconditioning on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and inflammatory response in diabetic rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1506-1511. [PMID: 29180332 PMCID: PMC6779648 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.11.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine postconditioning in alleviating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and inflammation in diabetic mellitus rats. METHODS Thirty normal male Sprauge Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n=10), namely the sham-operated group, IR group, and dexmedetomidine postconditioning (DP) group. Similarly, another thirty diabetic SD rats were also randomly allocated into diabetic sham (DM-S) group, diabetic IR (DM-IR) group and diabetic dexmedetomidine postconditioning (DM-DP) group. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and the rate pressure product (RPP) were recorded at baseline, after 30 min of ischemia, and at 30 and 120 min during reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size was analyzed by TTC double staining method, and plasma levels of CTnI, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β were measured at 120 min of reperfusion. RESULTS Compared with those in the sham-operated group, normal and diabetic rats in IR and DP groups showed significantly lowered MAP, HR, and RPP and increased levels of plasma CTnI, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β levels after 30 min of ischemia and at 30 min and 120 min of reperfusion (P<0.05). Compared with those in the IR group, the normal rats in DP group showed decreased MAP, HR, and RPP at 30 min of ischemia and at 30 min of reperfusion, which increased at 120 min of reperfusion (P<0.05); the infarct size and plasma CTnI, TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-1β levels were decreased while IL-10 was increased in DP group (P<0.05). Compared with those in DP group, the rats in DM-DP group showed similar MAP, HR and RPP (P>0.05) but significantly increased infarct size and plasma CTnI, TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-1β levels (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine postconditioning may produce a cardioprotective effect against myocardial IR injury in normal rats by alleviating inflammation, but can not reduce the release of inflammatory mediators in diabetic rats to improve myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- 静 胡
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 小雨 谷
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 炎 孟
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - 娅 王
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 琴 高
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 正红 李
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 晓红 李
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - 向阳 程
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
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Roles and Mechanisms of Herbal Medicine for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Current Status and Perspective. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8214541. [PMID: 29204251 PMCID: PMC5674516 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8214541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the major complications among patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is featured by left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and damaged left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions. The pathophysiological mechanisms include metabolic-altered substrate metabolism, dysfunction of microvascular, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, oxidative stress, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired Ca2+ handling. An array of molecules and signaling pathways such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular-regulated protein kinases (ERK) take roles in the pathogenesis of DCM. Currently, there was no remarkable effect in the treatment of DCM with application of single Western medicine. The myocardial protection actions of herbs have been gearing much attention. We present a review of the progress research of herbal medicine as a potential therapy for diabetic cardiomyopathy and the underlying mechanisms.
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Othman AI, El-Sawi MR, El-Missiry MA, Abukhalil MH. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy through modulating the cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death and fibrosis in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:362-373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Hu X, Dong Y, Jin X, Zhang C, Zhang T, Zhao J, Shi J, Li J. The novel and potent anti-depressive action of triptolide and its influences on hippocampal neuroinflammation in a rat model of depression comorbidity of chronic pain. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 64:180-194. [PMID: 28300618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain and depression frequently coexist in clinical setting, and current clinical treatments for this comorbidity have shown limited efficacy. Triptolide (T10), an active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., has been demonstrated to exert strong analgesic activities in experimental pain models, but whether it possesses anti-depressive actions remains unknown. Using a depression comorbidity of chronic pain rat model induced by spinal nerve ligation (SNL), we investigated the potency of T10 for the treatment of comorbid depression in comparison with a widely used antidepressant, fluoxetine (FLX). Concomitant neuroinflammation changes were also examined in the hippocampus. The results showed that prophylactic and reversal treatments with T10 dose-dependently (30, 100, 300μg/kg) inhibited the depression-like behaviors (DLB) assessed by the forced swim test, sucrose preference test and body weight measurement. The anti-depressive efficacy of T10 at 300μg/kg was significantly stronger than that of FLX at 18mg/kg. T10 at all three doses exhibited more efficient analgesic effects than FLX at 18mg/kg. The combined application of T10 with FLX markedly augmented the effects of T10 or FLX per se, with the facilitating effects of T10 at 30μg/kg being most prominent. In addition, nerve injury caused the activation of microglia and p38 MAPK, the upregulation of IL-1β and TNF-α as well as the downregulation of IL-10 in the hippocampus at postoperative week (POW) 3. These neuroinflammatory responses were reversed by subchronic treatment with T10. Taken together, these results demonstrate that T10 possesses potent anti-depressive function, which is correlated with its immunoregulation in the hippocampus. The combination of a low dose of T10 with FLX may become a more effective medication strategy for the treatment of comorbid depression and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Hu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yulin Dong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaohang Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Chunkui Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Juan Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Jinlian Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Guo X, Xue M, Li CJ, Yang W, Wang SS, Ma ZJ, Zhang XN, Wang XY, Zhao R, Chang BC, Chen LM. Protective effects of triptolide on TLR4 mediated autoimmune and inflammatory response induced myocardial fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:333-344. [PMID: 27558948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Triptolide is a most important active ingredient extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium, which has been widely used to treat glomerulonephritis as well as immune-mediated disorders, likely for its immunosuppressive, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we have investigated the potential protective effects of triptolide against diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) by regulating immune system, attenuating inflammatory response, thus resulting in decreased cardiac fibrosis and improved left ventricle function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group, diabetic group and diabetic rats treated with triptolide (50, 100, or 200μg/kg/day resp) for 8 weeks. Cardiac function was performed by echocardiography and histopathology of the hearts was examined with HE, Masson staining and scanning electron microscopy. Immune regulation mediator, macrophage infiltration, inflammatory response and cardiac fibrosis related cytokines were measured by RT-PCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS In the diabetic group, the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 were both up-regulated, which was associated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, coupled with cardiac fibrosis and impaired left ventricular function. Interestingly, pathological structure and function of left ventricle were both significantly improved in the triptolide treated groups. Furthermore, the immune mediator TLR4, downstream activator NF-κB p65, macrophage infiltration (CD68+), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β), cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) and chemokine (MCP-1) were significantly suppressed when treated with medium and high dosage triptolide compared with the diabetic group. Moreover, cardiac fibrosis pathway including α-SMA, TGF-β1, vimentin and collagen accumulations were observed significantly decreased in the triptolide treated groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that the protective effects of triptolide against DCM might attribute to inhibition of TLR4-induced NF-κB/IL-1β immune pathway, suppression of NF-κB/TNF-α/VCAM-1 inflammatory pathway and down-regulation of TGF-β1/α-SMA/Vimentin fibrosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Chun-Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Ze-Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China.
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Ding YY, Li JM, Guo FJ, Liu Y, Tong YF, Pan XC, Lu XL, Ye W, Chen XH, Zhang HG. Triptolide Upregulates Myocardial Forkhead Helix Transcription Factor p3 Expression and Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:471. [PMID: 27965581 PMCID: PMC5127789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The forkhead/winged helix transcription factor (Fox) p3 can regulate the expression of various genes, and it has been reported that the transfer of Foxp3-positive T cells could ameliorate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Triptolide (TP) can elevate the expression of Foxp3, but its effects on cardiac hypertrophy remain unclear. In the present study, neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) were isolated and stimulated with angiotensin II (1 μmol/L) to induce hypertrophic response. The expression of Foxp3 in NRVM was observed by using immunofluorescence assay. Fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups and received vehicle (control), isoproterenol (Iso, 5 mg/kg, s.c.), one of three doses of TP (10, 30, or 90 μg/kg, i.p.) for 14 days, respectively. The pathological morphology changes were observed after Hematoxylin and eosin, lectin and Masson's trichrome staining. The levels of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and troponin I were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence, respectively. The mRNA and protein expressions of α- myosin heavy chain (MHC), β-MHC and Foxp3 were determined using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. It was shown that TP (1, 3, 10 μg/L) treatment significantly decreased cell size, mRNA and protein expression of β-MHC, and upregulated Foxp3 expression in NRVM. TP also decreased heart weight index, left ventricular weight index and, improved myocardial injury and fibrosis; and decreased the cross-scetional area of the myocardium, serum cardiac troponin and BNP. Additionally, TP markedly reduced the mRNA and protein expression of myocardial β-MHC and elevated the mRNA and protein expression of α-MHC and Foxp3 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, TP can effectively ameliorate myocardial damage and inhibit cardiac hypertrophy, which is at least partly related to the elevation of Foxp3 expression in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Jing-Mei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Feng-Jie Guo
- The People's Liberation Army No. 309 Hospital Beijing, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Yang-Fei Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Traditional Medicine HospitalChongqing, China
| | - Xi-Chun Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong, China
| | - Wen Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Gang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Chongqing, China
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Zhang B, Song C, Feng B, Fan W. Neuroprotection by triptolide against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through the inhibition of NF-κB/PUMA signal in rats. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2016; 12:817-24. [PMID: 27307742 PMCID: PMC4888863 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s106012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Triptolide, an active compound extracted from the Chinese herb thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F.), has potent antitumor activity. Recently, triptolide was found to have protective effects against acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through inhibition of cell apoptosis. However, the regulatory mechanism of the effect remains unclear. We hypothesize that the regulatory mechanisms of triptolide are mediated by nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and p53-upregulated-modulator-of-apoptosis signal inhibition. To verify this hypothesis, we occluded the middle cerebral artery in male rats to establish focal cerebral I/R model. The rats received triptolide or vehicle at the onset of reperfusion following middle cerebral artery occlusion. At 24 hours after reperfusion, neurological deficits, infarct volume, and cell apoptosis were evaluated. The expression levels of NF-κBp65, PUMA, and caspase-3 were determined by Western blot. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the levels of NF-κBp65 mRNA, PUMA mRNA, and caspase-3 mRNA. NF-κB activity was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Apoptotic cells were detected using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. In I/R group, neurological deficit scores, cerebral infarct volume, expression of NF-κBp65, PUMA, caspase-3, NF-κB activity, and TUNEL-positive cells were found to be increased at 24 hours after I/R injury. The I/R/triptolide rats showed significantly better neurological deficit scores, decreased neural apoptosis, and reduced cerebral infarct volume. In addition, the expression of NF-κBp65, PUMA, caspase-3, and NF-κB activity was suppressed in the I/R/triptolide rats. These results indicate that the neuroprotective effects of triptolide during acute cerebral I/R injury are possibly related to the inhibition of apoptosis through suppression of NF-κB/PUMA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunfeng Song
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibing Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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叶 显, 黄 伟, 郑 彦, 梁 莺, 龚 望, 杨 翀, 刘 斌. [Irbesartan ameliorates cardiac inflammation in type 2 diabetic db/db mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2016; 37:505-511. [PMID: 28446404 PMCID: PMC6744100 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.04.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effects of irbesartan against cardiac inflammation associated with diabetes and obesity in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Twenty- four 10-week-old diabetic db/db mice were equally randomized into irbesartan treatment (50 mg/kg per day) group and model group, using 12 nondiabetic littermates (db/+) as the controls, The mice were treated with irbesartan or saline vehicle for 16 consecutive weeks, after which the heart pathology was observed and the heart weight, body weight, and serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol(TC), and triglycerides(TG) were measured. The expression of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65 in the myocardium was assessed with immunohistochemistry, the protein levels of P-IκBα ,IκBα and β-actin were analyzed with Western blotting, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). RESULTS Compared with db/+ mice, the saline-treated db/db mice developed obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia (P<0.01). Histopathological examination of the heart tissue revealed inflammatory cell infiltration, increased myocardial interstitium and disorders of myocardial fiber arrangement. The diabetic mice showed increased P-IαBα and decreased IκBα protein levels, enhanced activity and expression of NF-κB in the hearts, and increased mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in the myocardium. These abnormalities were all associated with increased inflammatory response. Treatment with irbesartan improved the heart architecture and attenuated high glucose-induced inflammation in the diabetic mice. CONCLUSION Treatment with irbesartan attenuates cardiac inflammation in type 2 diabetic db/db mice, and this effect was probably associated with the suppression of cardiac angiotensin II and NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 显朗 叶
- 南方医科大学珠江医院急诊科,广东 广州 510280Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - 伟昌 黄
- 南方医科大学珠江医院急诊科,广东 广州 510280Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - 彦涛 郑
- 南方医科大学珠江医院急诊科,广东 广州 510280Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - 莺 梁
- 南方医科大学珠江医院心血管内科,广东 广州 510280Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - 望球 龚
- 南方医科大学珠江医院肾内科,广东 广州 510280Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - 翀邈 杨
- 南方医科大学珠江医院急诊科,广东 广州 510280Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - 斌 刘
- 南方医科大学珠江医院急诊科,广东 广州 510280Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
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Hou J, Zheng D, Fung G, Deng H, Chen L, Liang J, Jiang Y, Hu Y. Mangiferin suppressed advanced glycation end products (AGEs) through NF-κB deactivation and displayed anti-inflammatory effects in streptozotocin and high fat diet-diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:332-40. [PMID: 26751764 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Given the importance of the aggregation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and cardiac inflammation in the onset and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), our objective in this study was to demonstrate the cardioprotective effect of mangiferin, an antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agent, on diabetic rat model. The DCM model was established by a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin. DCM rats were treated orally with mangiferin (20 mg/kg) for 16 weeks. Serum and left ventricular myocardium were collected for determination of inflammatory cytokines. AGEs mRNA and protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) in myocardium were assayed by real-time PCR and Western blot. ROS levels were measured by dihydroethidium fluorescence staining. NF-κB binding activity was assayed by TransAM NF-κB p65 ELISA kit. Chronic treatment with mangiferin decreased the levels of myocardial enzymes (CK-MB, LDH) and inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β). Meanwhile, NF-κB is inhibited by the reduction of nuclear translocation of p65 subunit, and mangiferin reduced AGE production and decreased the mRNA and protein expression of RAGE in DCM rats. Our data indicated that mangiferin could significantly ameliorate DCM by preventing the release of inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting ROS accumulation, AGE/RAGE production, and NF-κB nuclear translocation, suggesting that mangiferin treatment might be beneficial in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dezhi Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Gabriel Fung
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Haoyu Deng
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiali Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonghe Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China
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