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Dey AK, Banarjee R, Boroumand M, Rutherford DV, Strassheim Q, Nyunt T, Olinger B, Basisty N. Translating Senotherapeutic Interventions into the Clinic with Emerging Proteomic Technologies. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1301. [PMID: 37887011 PMCID: PMC10604147 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible growth arrest with profound phenotypic changes, including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescent cell accumulation contributes to aging and many pathologies including chronic inflammation, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Targeted removal of senescent cells in preclinical models promotes health and longevity, suggesting that the selective elimination of senescent cells is a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating a myriad of age-related pathologies in humans. However, moving senescence-targeting drugs (senotherapeutics) into the clinic will require therapeutic targets and biomarkers, fueled by an improved understanding of the complex and dynamic biology of senescent cell populations and their molecular profiles, as well as the mechanisms underlying the emergence and maintenance of senescence cells and the SASP. Advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies and workflows have the potential to address these needs. Here, we review the state of translational senescence research and how proteomic approaches have added to our knowledge of senescence biology to date. Further, we lay out a roadmap from fundamental biological discovery to the clinical translation of senotherapeutic approaches through the development and application of emerging proteomic technologies, including targeted and untargeted proteomic approaches, bottom-up and top-down methods, stability proteomics, and surfaceomics. These technologies are integral for probing the cellular composition and dynamics of senescent cells and, ultimately, the development of senotype-specific biomarkers and senotherapeutics (senolytics and senomorphics). This review aims to highlight emerging areas and applications of proteomics that will aid in exploring new senescent cell biology and the future translation of senotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nathan Basisty
- Translational Geroproteomics Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (A.K.D.); (R.B.); (M.B.); (D.V.R.); (Q.S.); (T.N.); (B.O.)
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Seo EJ, Khelifi D, Fayez S, Feineis D, Bringmann G, Efferth T, Dawood M. Molecular determinants of the response of cancer cells towards geldanamycin and its derivatives. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 383:110677. [PMID: 37586545 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Geldanamycin is an ansamycin-derivative of a benzoquinone isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. It inhibits tyrosine kinases and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Geldanamycin and 11 derivatives were subjected to molecular docking to HSP90, and 17-desmethoxy-17-N,N-dimethylamino-geldanamycin (17-DMAG) was the compound with the highest binding affinity (-7.73 ± 0.12 kcal/mol) and the lowest inhibition constant (2.16 ± 0.49 μM). Therefore, 17-DMAG was selected for further experiments in comparison to geldanamycin. Multidrug resistance (MDR) represents a major problem for successful cancer therapy. We tested geldanamycin and 17-DMAG against various drug-resistant cancer cell lines. Although geldanamycin and 17-DMAG inhibited the proliferation in all cell lines tested, multidrug-resistant P-glycoprotein-overexpressing CEM/ADR5000 cells were cross-resistant, ΔEGFR-overexpressing tumor cells and p53 knockout cells were sensitive to these two compounds. COMPARE and hierarchical cluster analyses were performed, and 60 genes were identified to predict the sensitivity or resistance of 59 NCI tumor cell lines towards geldanamycin and 17-DMAG. The distribution of cell lines according to their mRNA expression profiles indicated sensitivity or resistance to both compounds with statistical significance. Moreover, bioinformatic tools were used to study possible mechanisms of action of geldanamycin and 17-DMAG. Galaxy Cistrome analyses were carried out to predict transcription factor binding motifs in the promoter regions of the candidate genes. Interestingly, the NF-ĸB DNA binding motif (Rel) was identified as the top transcription factor. Furthermore, these 60 genes were subjected to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to study the signaling pathway interactions of these genes. Interestingly, IPA also revealed the NF-ĸB pathway as the top network among these genes. Finally, NF-ĸB reporter assays confirmed the bioinformatic prediction, and both geldanamycin and 17-DMAG significantly inhibited NF-κB activity after exposure for 24 h. In conclusion, geldanamycin and 17-DMAG exhibited cytotoxic activity against different tumor cell lines. Their activity was not restricted to HSP90 but indicated an involvement of the NF-KB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ean-Jeong Seo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daycem Khelifi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shaimaa Fayez
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacognosy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany; Department of Molecular Biology, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Weeraphan T, Supong K, Sripreechasak P, Jutakanoke R, Kowinthanaphat S, Tanasupawat S, Pittayakhajonwut P, Phongsopitanun W. Streptomyces rugosispiralis sp. nov., a Novel Actinobacterium Isolated from Peat Swamp Forest Soil That Produces Ansamycin Derivatives and Nocardamines. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1467. [PMID: 37760763 PMCID: PMC10525797 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinomycetes, especially the genus Streptomyces, are one of the most promising sources of bioactive natural products. In this study, a novel Streptomyces strain, RCU-064T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a peat swamp forest in Thailand. Strain RCU-064T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (99.06%) with Streptomyces malaysiensis NBRC 16446T. Based on a polyphasic approach, strain RCU-064T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces rugosispiralis sp. nov. is proposed. The chemical isolation of the crude ethyl acetate extracts of the strain led to the isolation of six compounds: (1) geldanamycin, (2) 17-O-demethylgeldanamycin, (3) reblastatin, (4) 17-demethoxyreblastatin, (5) nocardamine, and (6) dehydroxynocardamine. These compounds were evaluated for their biological activities. All compounds showed no antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms used in this study. Compounds (1)-(4) displayed cytotoxic activity against the NCI-H187 cell line, with IC50 values ranging from 0.045-4.250 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell line was found in compounds (1) and (3) with IC50 values of 3.51 and 1.27 µg/mL, respectively. Compounds (5) and (6) exhibited cytotoxicity only against Vero cells (IC50 of 16.57 µg/mL) and NCI-H187 cells (IC50 of 13.96 µg/mL), respectively. These results indicate that peat swamp forest soil remains a promising reservoir of novel actinomycetes capable of producing bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinset Weeraphan
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.W.); (S.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Khomsan Supong
- Department of Applied Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Chantaburi 22210, Thailand
| | - Paranee Sripreechasak
- Office of Educational Affairs, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand;
| | - Rumpa Jutakanoke
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Supalerk Kowinthanaphat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.W.); (S.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Somboon Tanasupawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.W.); (S.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Pattama Pittayakhajonwut
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.W.); (S.K.); (S.T.)
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Units (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Billimoria R, Bhatt P. Senescence in cancer: Advances in detection and treatment modalities. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115739. [PMID: 37562510 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is a form of irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescence plays a dual role in cancer, as both a tumor suppressor by preventing the growth of damaged cells and a cancer promoter by creating an inflammatory milieu. Stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) and replicative senescence are the two major sub-types of senescence. Senescence plays a dual role in cancer, depending on the context and kind of senescence involved. SIPS can cause cancer by nurturing an inflammatory environment, whereas replicative senescence may prevent cancer. Major pathways that are involved in senescence are the p53-p21, p16INK4A-Rb pathway along with mTOR, MAPK, and PI3K pathways. The lack of universal senescence markers makes it difficult to identify senescent cells in vivo. A combination of reliable detection methods of senescent cells in vivo is of utmost importance and will help in early detection and open new avenues for future treatment. New strategies that are being developed in order to tackle these shortcomings are in the field of fluorescent probes, nanoparticles, positron emission tomography probes, biosensors, and the detection of cell-free DNA from liquid biopsies. Along with detection, eradication of these senescent cells is also important to prevent cancer reoccurrence. Recently, the field of nano-senolytic and immunotherapy has also been emerging. This review provides up-to-date information on the various types of advancements made in the field of detection and treatment modalities for senescent cells that hold promise for the future treatment and prognosis of cancer, as well as their limitations and potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezina Billimoria
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be University), Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Purvi Bhatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be University), Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India.
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Alimardan Z, Abbasi M, Hasanzadeh F, Aghaei M, Khodarahmi G, Kashfi K. Heat shock proteins and cancer: The FoxM1 connection. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 211:115505. [PMID: 36931349 PMCID: PMC10134075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsp) and FoxM1 have significant roles in carcinogenesis. According to their relative molecular weight, Hsps are divided into Hsp110, Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp60, Hsp40, and small Hsps. Hsp70 can play essential functions in cancer initiation and is overexpressed in several human cancers. Hsp70, in combination with cochaperones HIP and HOP, refolds partially denatured proteins and acts as a cochaperone for Hsp90. Also, Hsp70, in combination with BAG3, regulates the FoxM1 signaling pathway. FoxM1 protein is a transcription factor of the Forkhead family that is overexpressed in most human cancers and is involved in many cancers' development features, including proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to apoptosis. This review discusses the Hsp70, Hsp90, and FoxM1 structure and function, the known Hsp70 cochaperones, and Hsp70, Hsp90, and FoxM1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alimardan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Abbasi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Farshid Hasanzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmud Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ghadamali Khodarahmi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, NY, USA.
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Khalil R, Diab-Assaf M, Lemaitre JM. Emerging Therapeutic Approaches to Target the Dark Side of Senescent Cells: New Hopes to Treat Aging as a Disease and to Delay Age-Related Pathologies. Cells 2023; 12:915. [PMID: 36980256 PMCID: PMC10047596 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy has drastically increased over the last few decades worldwide, with important social and medical burdens and costs. To stay healthy longer and to avoid chronic disease have become essential issues. Organismal aging is a complex process that involves progressive destruction of tissue functionality and loss of regenerative capacity. One of the most important aging hallmarks is cellular senescence, which is a stable state of cell cycle arrest that occurs in response to cumulated cell stresses and damages. Cellular senescence is a physiological mechanism that has both beneficial and detrimental consequences. Senescence limits tumorigenesis, lifelong tissue damage, and is involved in different biological processes, such as morphogenesis, regeneration, and wound healing. However, in the elderly, senescent cells increasingly accumulate in several organs and secrete a combination of senescence associated factors, contributing to the development of various age-related diseases, including cancer. Several studies have revealed major molecular pathways controlling the senescent phenotype, as well as the ones regulating its interactions with the immune system. Attenuating the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) or eliminating senescent cells have emerged as attractive strategies aiming to reverse or delay the onset of aging diseases. Here, we review current senotherapies designed to suppress the deleterious effect of SASP by senomorphics or to selectively kill senescent cells by "senolytics" or by immune system-based approaches. These recent investigations are promising as radical new controls of aging pathologies and associated multimorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roula Khalil
- IRMB, University Montpellier, INSERM, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- Fanar Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon;
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Orozco Morales ML, Rinaldi CA, de Jong E, Lansley SM, Lee YCG, Zemek RM, Bosco A, Lake RA, Lesterhuis WJ. Geldanamycin treatment does not result in anti-cancer activity in a preclinical model of orthotopic mesothelioma. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0274364. [PMID: 37146029 PMCID: PMC10162533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesothelioma is characterised by its aggressive invasive behaviour, affecting the surrounding tissues of the pleura or peritoneum. We compared an invasive pleural model with a non-invasive subcutaneous model of mesothelioma and performed transcriptomic analyses on the tumour samples. Invasive pleural tumours were characterised by a transcriptomic signature enriched for genes associated with MEF2C and MYOCD signaling, muscle differentiation and myogenesis. Further analysis using the CMap and LINCS databases identified geldanamycin as a potential antagonist of this signature, so we evaluated its potential in vitro and in vivo. Nanomolar concentrations of geldanamycin significantly reduced cell growth, invasion, and migration in vitro. However, administration of geldanamycin in vivo did not result in significant anti-cancer activity. Our findings show that myogenesis and muscle differentiation pathways are upregulated in pleural mesothelioma which may be related to the invasive behaviour. However, geldanamycin as a single agent does not appear to be a viable treatment for mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lizeth Orozco Morales
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine A Rinaldi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy Characterisation and Analysis, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emma de Jong
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sally M Lansley
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Y C Gary Lee
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rachael M Zemek
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony Bosco
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard A Lake
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - W Joost Lesterhuis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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Li L, Yang M, Li C, Liu Y. Virtual screening based identification of miltefosine and octenidine as inhibitors of heat shock protein 90. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:2223-2232. [PMID: 34406420 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The molecular chaperone HSP90 facilitates the maturation of newly synthesized and unfolded proteins. The client proteins of HSP90 are involved in many processes of cancer occurrence and development, and therefore, HSP90 is considered as a promising target for the development of anticancer drugs. In contrast to N-terminal inhibitor, C-terminal inhibitor does not induce the pro-survival heat shock response. In order to get novel HSP90 C-terminal inhibitors and more evidences that HSP90 inhibitors could be applied in the therapy of cancer, we conducted a virtual screening toward HSP90 C-terminus from FDA-approved drugs. In this study, miltefosine and octenidine were identified as new HSP90 inhibitors. Miltefosine and octenidine exhibited strong and broad-spectrum anticancer activity and inhibited the proliferation of cancer cell by promoting apoptosis. Western blotting analysis revealed that miltefosine and octenidine significantly down-regulated the expression levels of HSP90 client proteins including p-AKT, CDK6, and ERK, and did not induce overexpression of heat shock proteins including HSP70 and HSP90 in MCF-7 cells. These results were in accordance with the characteristics of HSP90 C-terminal inhibitor. In conclusion, miltefosine and octenidine could disrupt the molecular chaperone function of HSP90, and thus, their strong and broad-spectrum anticancer activity is at least in part attributed to the inhibition activity against HSP90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dagong Road 2, Liaodongwan district, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Man Yang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dagong Road 2, Liaodongwan district, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Chenyao Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dagong Road 2, Liaodongwan district, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dagong Road 2, Liaodongwan district, Panjin, 124221, China.
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Chestnut C, Subramaniam D, Dandawate P, Padhye S, Taylor J, Weir S, Anant S. Targeting Major Signaling Pathways of Bladder Cancer with Phytochemicals: A Review. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2249-2271. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1856895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Connor Chestnut
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Prasad Dandawate
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Subhash Padhye
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Research Academy, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - John Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Scott Weir
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Shrikant Anant
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Kumar P, Devaki B, Jonnala UK, Amere Subbarao S. Hsp90 facilitates acquired drug resistance of tumor cells through cholesterol modulation however independent of tumor progression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118728. [PMID: 32343987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acquired multidrug resistance of cancer cells challenges the chemotherapeutic interventions. To understand the role of molecular chaperone, Hsp90 in drug adapted tumor cells, we have used in vitro drug adapted epidermoid tumor cells as a model system. We found that chemotherapeutic drug adaptation of tumor cells is mediated by induced activities of both Hsp90 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Although the high-affinity conformation of Hsp90 has correlated with the enhanced drug efflux activity, we did not observe a direct interaction between P-gp and Hsp90. The enrichment of P-gp and Hsp90 at the cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains is found obligatory for enhanced drug efflux activity. Since inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis is not interfering with the drug efflux activity, it is presumed that the net cholesterol redistribution mediated by Hsp90 regulates the enhanced drug efflux activity. Our in vitro cholesterol and Hsp90 interaction studies have furthered our presumption that Hsp90 facilitates cholesterol redistribution. The drug adapted cells though exhibited anti-proliferative and anti-tumor effects in response to 17AAG treatment, drug treatment has also enhanced the drug efflux activity. Our findings suggest that drug efflux activity and metastatic potential of tumor cells are independently regulated by Hsp90 by distinct mechanisms. We expose the limitations imposed by Hsp90 inhibitors against multidrug resistant tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Bharath Devaki
- Presently at Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
| | - Ujwal Kumar Jonnala
- Presently at SYNGENE International Ltd., Biocon BMS R & D Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreedhar Amere Subbarao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India.
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Kim HJ, Gong MK, Yoon CY, Kang J, Yun M, Cho NH, Rha SY, Choi YD. Synergistic Antitumor Effects of Combined Treatment with HSP90 Inhibitor and PI3K/mTOR Dual Inhibitor in Cisplatin-Resistant Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:587-596. [PMID: 32608202 PMCID: PMC7329736 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.7.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study aimed to investigate the synergistic antitumor effect of combined treatment with 17-DMAG (HSP90 inhibitor) and NVP-BEZ235 (PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor) on cisplatin-resistant human bladder cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human bladder cancer cells exhibiting cisplatin resistance (T24R2) were exposed to escalating doses of 17-DMAG (2.5-20 nM) with or without NVP-BEZ236 (0.5-4 μM) in combination with cisplatin. Antitumor effects were assessed by CCK-8 analysis. Based on the dose-response study, synergistic interactions between the two regimens were evaluated using clonogenic assay and combination index values. Flow cytometry and Western blot were conducted to analyze mechanisms of synergism. RESULTS Dose- and time-dependent antitumor effects for 17-DMAG were observed in both cisplatin-sensitive (T24) and cisplatin-resistant cells (T24R2). The antitumor effect of NVP-BEZ235, however, was found to be self-limiting. The combination of 17-DMAG and NVP-BEZ235 in a 1:200 fixed ratio showed a significant antitumor effect in cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer cells over a wide dose range, and clonogenic assay showed compatible results with synergy tests. Three-dimensional analysis revealed strong synergy between the two drugs with a synergy volume of 201.84 μM/mL²%. The combination therapy resulted in G1-phase cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis confirmed by the Western blot. CONCLUSION HSP90 inhibitor monotherapy and in combination with the PI3K/mTOR survival pathway inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 shows a synergistic antitumor effect in cisplatin-resistant bladder cancers, eliciting cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and induction of caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Urology, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Gong
- School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Yong Yoon
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeku Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mijin Yun
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Cho
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Young Rha
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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12
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Thoppil H, Riabowol K. Senolytics: A Translational Bridge Between Cellular Senescence and Organismal Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:367. [PMID: 32039197 PMCID: PMC6987374 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is defined as a progressive decrease in physiological function accompanied by a steady increase in mortality. The antagonistic pleiotropy theory proposes that aging is largely due to the natural selection of genes and pathways that increase fitness and decrease mortality early in life but contribute to deleterious effects and pathologies later in life. Cellular senescence is one such mechanism, which results in a permanent cell cycle arrest that has been described as a mechanism to limit cancer cell growth. However, recent studies have also suggested a dark side of senescence in which a build-up of senescent cells with age leads to increased inflammation due to a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This phenotype that includes many cytokines promotes tumorigenesis and can exhaust the pool of immune cells in the body. Studies clearing senescent cells from mice using the p16-based transgene INK-ATTAC have shown that senescent cells can impact both organismal aging and lifespan. Here we discuss these advances that have resulted in the development of a whole new class of compounds known as senolytics, some of which are currently undergoing clinical trials in humans for treating a variety of age-related pathologies such as osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishnan Thoppil
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Karl Riabowol
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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13
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Gorska-Ponikowska M, Kuban-Jankowska A, Marino Gammazza A, Daca A, Wierzbicka JM, Zmijewski MA, Luu HH, Wozniak M, Cappello F. The Major Heat Shock Proteins, Hsp70 and Hsp90, in 2-Methoxyestradiol-Mediated Osteosarcoma Cell Death Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E616. [PMID: 31963524 PMCID: PMC7014403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
2-Methoxyestradiol is one of the natural 17β-estradiol derivatives and a potential novel anticancer agent currently being under evaluation in advanced phases of clinical trials. However, the mechanism of anticancer action of 2-methoxyestradiol has not been yet fully established. In our previous studies we have demonstrated that 2-methoxyestradiol selectively induces the expression and nuclear translocation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in osteosarcoma 143B cells. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are factors involved in the regulation of expression and activity of nitric oxide synthases. Herein, we chose osteosarcoma cell lines differed in metastatic potential, metastatic 143B and highly metastatic MG63.2 cells, in order to further investigate the anticancer mechanism of 2-methoxyestradiol. The current study aimed to determine the role of major heat shock proteins, Hsp90 and Hsp70 in 2-methoxyestradiol-induced osteosarcoma cell death. We focused on the implication of Hsp90 and Hsp70 in control under expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, localization of the enzyme, and further generation of nitro-oxidative stress. To give the insight into the role of Hsp90 in regulation of anticancer efficacy of 2-methoxyestradiol, we used geldanamycin as a potent Hsp90 inhibitor. Herein, we evidenced that inhibition of Hsp90 controls the protein expression of 2-methoxyestradiol-induced neuronal nitric oxide synthase and inhibits enzyme nuclear translocation. We propose that decreased level of neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein after a combined treatment with 2-methoxyestradiol and geldanamycin is directly associated with the accompanying upregulation of Hsp70 and downregulation of Hsp90. This interaction resulted in abrogation of anticancer efficacy of 2-methoxyestradiol by geldanamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicja Kuban-Jankowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
| | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.G.); (F.C.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Daca
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Justyna M. Wierzbicka
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.M.W.); (M.A.Z.)
| | - Michal A. Zmijewski
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.M.W.); (M.A.Z.)
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
| | - Michal Wozniak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.G.); (F.C.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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14
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Gupta SD, Swapanthi PS, Bhagya D, Federicci F, Mazaira GI, Galigniana MD, Subrahmanyam CVS, Gowrishankar NL, Raghavendra NM. Rational Identification of Hsp90 Inhibitors as Anticancer Lead Molecules by Structure Based Drug Designing Approach. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 20:369-385. [PMID: 31713499 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191111152050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an encouraging anticancer target for the development of clinically significant molecules. Schiff bases play a crucial role in anticancer research because of their ease of synthesis and excellent antiproliferative effect against multiple cancer cell lines. Therefore, we started our research work with the discovery of resorcinol/4-chloro resorcinol derived Schiff bases as Hsp90 inhibitors, which resulted in the discovery of a viable anticancer lead molecule. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to discover more promising lead molecules using our previously established drug discovery program, wherein the rational drug design is achieved by molecular docking studies. METHODS The docking studies were carried out by using Surflex Geom X programme of Sybyl X-1.2 version software. The molecules with good docking scores were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral analysis. Subsequently, the molecules were evaluated for their potential to attenuate Hsp90 ATPase activity by Malachite green assay. The anticancer effect of the molecules was examined on PC3 prostate cancer cell lines by utilizing 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay methodology. RESULTS Schiff bases 11, 12, 20, 23 and 27 exhibiting IC50 value below 1μM and 15μM, in malachite green assay and MTT assay, respectively, emerged as viable lead molecules for future optimization. CONCLUSION The research work will pave the way for the rational development of cost-effective Schiff bases as Hsp90 inhibitors as the method employed for the synthesis of the molecules is simple, economic and facile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan D Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.,R&D centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pappu S Swapanthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Deshetti Bhagya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Fernando Federicci
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gisela I Mazaira
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario D Galigniana
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chavali V S Subrahmanyam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Nulgumnalli M Raghavendra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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15
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Ma C, Chen J, Li P. Geldanamycin induces apoptosis and inhibits inflammation in fibroblast‐like synoviocytes isolated from rheumatoid arthritis patients. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16254-16263. [PMID: 31087698 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuili Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics Changchun Obstetrics‐Gynecology Hospital Changchun Jilin P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin P.R. China
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16
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Coban N, Varol N. The effect of heat shock protein 90 inhibitors on histone 4 lysine 20 methylation in bladder cancer. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:195-203. [PMID: 31217782 PMCID: PMC6558511 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone required for the stability and function of numerous oncogenic signaling, is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Recent years, the studies showed that HSP90 plays a pivotal role in epigenetic pathways. Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the etiology of bladder cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of HSP90 proteins on DNA methylation and the levels of inactivated histone methylation markers in bladder cancers. The cytotoxic effect of geldanamycin (GA), a HSP90-specific inhibitor, in human bladder cancer cell line, T24, was studied by using WST1 (both time and dose-dependent), qPCR for the expression aberration of target genes DNMT1 and WIF-1 and western blot for the protein levels of DNMT1, Histone H4, Histone 4 lysine monomethylation (H4K20me1), Histone 4 lysine trimethylation (H4K20me3), Akt1, pAkt1 (S473) and Lysine methyltransferase 5C (KMT5C). High-dose GA treatment decreased cell proliferation. After the GA treatment, DNMT1 decreased at both transcriptional and translational levels due to Akt1 and pAkt1 (S473) inhibition. Following the GA-induced decrease in DNMT1, re-expression of WIF-1 gene was found at mRNA. In addition, the GA treatment resulted in dose- and time-dependent upregulation/downregulation of histone post-translational modifications (H4K20me1 and H4K20me3) and the KMT5C enzyme responsible for these modifications. There was no significant change in the H4 protein level. These findings may offer a new approach for the determination of the molecular effect of HSP90 on epigenetic regulation and the identification of new molecular targets (HSP90 client proteins) for bladder cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuran Coban
- Kocatepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Nuray Varol
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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17
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D'Ambola M, Fiengo L, Chini MG, Cotugno R, Bader A, Bifulco G, Braca A, De Tommasi N, Dal Piaz F. Fusicoccane Diterpenes from Hypoestes forsskaolii as Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) Modulators. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:539-549. [PMID: 30839211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ten new (1-10) and six known (11-16) fusicoccane diterpenes were isolated from the roots of Hypoestes forsskaolii. The structural characterization of 1-10 was performed by spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, ECD, and HRESIMS experiments. From a perspective of obtaining potential Hsp90α inhibitors, the isolates were screened by surface plasmon resonance measurements and their cytotoxic activity was assayed using Jurkat and HeLa cancer cells. Compound 6, 18-hydroxyhypoestenone, was shown to be the most active compound against Hsp90, and its interactions were studied also by biochemical and cellular assays and by molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano D'Ambola
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fiengo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Chini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Roberta Cotugno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Ammar Bader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 33 , 56126 Pisa , Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" , Università di Pisa , Via del Borghetto 80 , 56124 Pisa , Italy
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria "Scuola Medica Salernitana" , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
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18
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Abstract
Cellular senescence is a physiological phenomenon that has both beneficial and detrimental consequences. Senescence limits tumorigenesis and tissue damage throughout the lifetime. However, at the late stages of life, senescent cells increasingly accumulate in tissues and might also contribute to the development of various age-related pathologies. Recent studies have revealed the molecular pathways that preserve the viability of senescent cells and the ones regulating their immune surveillance. These studies provide essential initial insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for targeting senescent cells. At the same time they stress the need to understand the limitations of the existing strategies, their efficacy and safety, and the possible deleterious consequences of senescent cell elimination. Here we discuss the existing strategies for targeting senescent cells and upcoming challenges in translating these strategies into safe and efficient therapies. Successful translation of these strategies could have implications for treating a variety of diseases at old age and could potentially reshape our view of health management during aging.
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19
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Fuhrmann-Stroissnigg H, Ling YY, Zhao J, McGowan SJ, Zhu Y, Brooks RW, Grassi D, Gregg SQ, Stripay JL, Dorronsoro A, Corbo L, Tang P, Bukata C, Ring N, Giacca M, Li X, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD. Identification of HSP90 inhibitors as a novel class of senolytics. Nat Commun 2017; 8:422. [PMID: 28871086 PMCID: PMC5583353 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for many chronic degenerative diseases and cancer. Increased senescent cell burden in various tissues is a major contributor to aging and age-related diseases. Recently, a new class of drugs termed senolytics were demonstrated to extending healthspan, reducing frailty and improving stem cell function in multiple murine models of aging. To identify novel and more optimal senotherapeutic drugs and combinations, we established a senescence associated β-galactosidase assay as a screening platform to rapidly identify drugs that specifically affect senescent cells. We used primary Ercc1 -/- murine embryonic fibroblasts with reduced DNA repair capacity, which senesce rapidly if grown at atmospheric oxygen. This platform was used to screen a small library of compounds that regulate autophagy, identifying two inhibitors of the HSP90 chaperone family as having significant senolytic activity in mouse and human cells. Treatment of Ercc1 -/∆ mice, a mouse model of a human progeroid syndrome, with the HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG extended healthspan, delayed the onset of several age-related symptoms and reduced p16INK4a expression. These results demonstrate the utility of our screening platform to identify senotherapeutic agents as well as identified HSP90 inhibitors as a promising new class of senolytic drugs.The accumulation of senescent cells is thought to contribute to the age-associated decline in tissue function. Here, the authors identify HSP90 inhibitors as a new class of senolytic compounds in an in vitro screening and show that administration of a HSP90 inhibitor reduces age-related symptoms in progeroid mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuan Yuan Ling
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Sara J McGowan
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA
| | - Robert W Brooks
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Diego Grassi
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Siobhan Q Gregg
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer L Stripay
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Akaitz Dorronsoro
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Lana Corbo
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Priscilla Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Christina Bukata
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Nadja Ring
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, 34100, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, 34100, Italy
| | - Xuesen Li
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, 33458, FL, USA.
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20
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Lee HG, Park WJ, Shin SJ, Kwon SH, Cha SD, Seo YH, Jeong JH, Lee JY, Cho CH. Hsp90 inhibitor SY-016 induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis in paclitaxel-resistant human ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2817-2822. [PMID: 28454472 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of a heat shock protein (Hsp)90 inhibitor, SY-016, on the paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3PTX, and explore its mechanism of apoptosis. In the present study, SY-016 was used in combination with PTX to determine its effect on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of OVCAR-3PTX cells. The drug-resistant tumor cells were established in vitro by stepwise sequential exposure to increasing concentrations of PTX. The cell viability and cell cycle distribution were measured by MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis, respectively. The induction of apoptosis was measured by caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation and western blot analyses. The cell viability significantly decreased following treatment with PTX and SY-016 as compared with either drug alone. The DNA fragmentation assay revealed an induction of apoptosis. The results from the flow cytometric analysis revealed an increase in the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase. Downregulation of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, survivin, Akt, nuclear factor-κB and cyclin-dependent kinase 4, as well as upregulation of Bcl-2-associated X protein, were observed. SY-016 may contribute to the induction of apoptosis in OVCAR-3PTX cells. These results suggest that SY-016 in combination with PTX may be a beneficial chemotherapeutic strategy, particularly in patients with tumors refractory to PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Gyo Lee
- Institute for Cancer Research, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jin Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Do Cha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Seo
- College of Pharmacy Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hui Jeong
- College of Pharmacy Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Lee
- Institute for Cancer Research, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Heum Cho
- Institute for Cancer Research, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
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21
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Chini MG, Malafronte N, Vaccaro MC, Gualtieri MJ, Vassallo A, Vasaturo M, Castellano S, Milite C, Leone A, Bifulco G, De Tommasi N, Dal Piaz F. Identification of Limonol Derivatives as Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) Inhibitors through a Multidisciplinary Approach. Chemistry 2016; 22:13236-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Chini
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Nicola Malafronte
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Maria C. Vaccaro
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Maria J. Gualtieri
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Organic Drug; University of Los Andes; Sector Campo de Oro, detrás del IAHULA 5101 Mérida Venezuela
| | - Antonio Vassallo
- Department of Science; University of Basilicata; Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10 85100 Potenza Italy
| | - Michele Vasaturo
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery; University of Salerno; Via Allende 84081 Baronissi Italy
| | - Ciro Milite
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Antonietta Leone
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery; University of Salerno; Via Allende 84081 Baronissi Italy
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22
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17-DMAG induces heat shock protein 90 functional impairment in human bladder cancer cells: knocking down the hallmark traits of malignancy. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6861-73. [PMID: 26662567 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4544-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that maintains the structural and functional integrity of various protein clients involved in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. Hsp90 holds a prominent role in tumorigenesis, as numerous members of its broad clientele are involved in the generation of the hallmark traits of cancer. 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG) specifically targets Hsp90 and interferes with its function as a molecular chaperone, impairing its intrinsic ATPase activity and undermining proper folding of multiple protein clients. In this study, we have examined the effects of 17-DMAG on the regulation of Hsp90-dependent tumorigenic signaling pathways directly implicated in cell cycle progression, survival, and motility of human urinary bladder cancer cell lines. We have used MTT-based assays, FACS analysis, Western blotting, semiquantitative PCR (sqPCR), immunofluorescence, and scratch-wound assays in RT4 (p53(wt)), RT112 (p53(wt)), T24 (p53(mt)), and TCCSUP (p53(mt)) human urinary bladder cancer cell lines. We have demonstrated that, upon exposure to 17-DMAG, bladder cancer cells display prominent cell cycle arrest and commitment to apoptotic and autophagic cell death, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, 17-DMAG administration induced pronounced downregulation of multiple Hsp90 protein clients and other downstream oncogenic effectors, therefore causing inhibition of cell proliferation and decline of cell motility due to the molecular "freezing" of critical cytoskeletal components. In toto, we have clearly demonstrated the dose-dependent and cell type-specific effects of 17-DMAG on the hallmark traits of cancer, appointing Hsp90 as a key molecular component in bladder cancer targeted therapy.
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Pinto-Leite R, Arantes-Rodrigues R, Ferreira R, Palmeira C, Oliveira PA, Santos L. Treatment of muscle invasive urinary bladders tumors: A potential role of the mTOR inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomag.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Neuzillet Y, van Rhijn BWG, Prigoda NL, Bapat B, Liu L, Bostrom PJ, Fleshner NE, Gallie BL, Zlotta AR, Jewett MAS, van der Kwast TH. FGFR3 mutations, but not FGFR3 expression and FGFR3 copy-number variations, are associated with favourable non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Virchows Arch 2014; 465:207-13. [PMID: 24880661 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is a tyrosine kinase receptor frequently activated by point mutations in bladder cancer (BC). These mutations are associated with genetically stable, Ta and low-grade BC, representing the favourable BC pathway. Conversely, FGFR3 over-expression was recently found in 40 % of muscle invasive BC. We examined FGFR3 mutation status and protein expression in patients originally diagnosed as T1. We also investigated copy-number variations in FGFR3 as a possible alternative mechanism to activate FGFR3. We included 84 patients with T1 BC as their initial diagnosis. A uropathologist reviewed the slides for grade and (sub)stage. The FGFR3 mutation status was examined by PCR-SNaPshot and FGFR3 protein expression by standard immuno-histochemistry (FGFR3-B9). Copy-number status was determined in 69/84 cases with nine probes covering nine exons of the FGFR3 gene (MLPA). Of 27 BC with FGFR3 mutations, 26 (96 %) showed FGFR3 over-expression. Of the 57 wild-type BC, 27 (47 %) BC showed over-expression. Pathological parameters significantly differed (p < 0.01) between mutant and wild-type tumours with the FGFR3 mutation pointing to more favourable BC. However, if the BC exhibited wild-type FGFR3, FGFR3 protein status had no influence on grade and (sub)stage. We found six tumours with more than or equal to three copies of FGFR3. Only 1 of 22 wild-type tumours with over-expression of FGFR3 had more than or equal to three gene copies. In initially diagnosed T1 BC, only the FGFR3 mutation was significantly associated with favourable BC disease characteristics. In addition to almost all FGFR3 mutant BC, 47 % of wild-type BC displayed FGFR3 over-expression, suggesting an alternative mechanism to activate FGFR3. Increased FGFR3 copy number was a rare event and did not account for this mechanism. Nevertheless, FGFR3 wild-type tumours with over-expression of the protein may still represent a subset that might potentially benefit from FGFR3-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Neuzillet
- Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Xiong X, Wang Y, Liu C, Lu Q, Liu T, Chen G, Rao H, Luo S. Heat shock protein 90β stabilizes focal adhesion kinase and enhances cell migration and invasion in breast cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2014; 326:78-89. [PMID: 24880126 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) acts as a regulator of cellular signaling and may promote cell spreading, motility, invasion and survival in malignancy. Elevated expression and activity of FAK frequently correlate with tumor cell metastasis and poor prognosis in breast cancer. However, the mechanisms by which the turnover of FAK is regulated remain elusive. Here we report that heat shock protein 90β (HSP90β) interacts with FAK and the middle domain (amino acids 233-620) of HSP90β is mainly responsible for this interaction. Furthermore, we found that HSP90β regulates FAK stability since HSP90β inhibitor 17-AAG triggers FAK ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasome-dependent degradation. Moreover, disrupted FAK-HSP90β interaction induced by 17-AAG contributes to attenuation of tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion. Together, our results reveal how HSP90β regulates FAK stability and identifies a potential therapeutic strategy to breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Xiong
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Quqin Lu
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Guoan Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Hai Rao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
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26
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Hadley KE, Hendricks DT. Use of NQO1 status as a selective biomarker for oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas with greater sensitivity to 17-AAG. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:334. [PMID: 24886060 PMCID: PMC4032580 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa, and novel chemotherapies are urgently required to combat this disease. The heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) has previously been proposed as a possible candidate drug. NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is known to increase the potency of 17-AAG, therefore we investigated the effects of 17-AAG in OSCC cell lines in the context of their NQO1 status. Methods We used MTT assays to compare the sensitivity of a panel of OSCC cell lines to 17-AAG. Western blotting, and RT-PCR were used to investigate NQO1 protein and mRNA levels, while an RFLP approach was used to investigate the NQO1 C609T SNP. Results Expression of NQO1 markedly increased sensitivity to 17-AAG in the OSCC cell lines, while normal fibroblasts, which expressed HSP90 at much lower levels, were more resistant to 17-AAG. In isolation, neither the C609T SNP, nor NQO1 mRNA levels was an accurate predictor of NQO1 protein levels. Conclusions Since NQO1 greatly enhances the anti-cancer effects of 17-AAG, this could be used as a selective marker for patients that would benefit most from 17-AAG chemotherapy at low doses. Testing for the presence of the C609T SNP in both alleles could be used as a screen to exclude potentially poor responders to 17-AAG treatment at low dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denver T Hendricks
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
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27
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Pinto-Leite R, Carreira I, Melo J, Ferreira SI, Ribeiro I, Ferreira J, Filipe M, Bernardo C, Arantes-Rodrigues R, Oliveira P, Santos L. Genomic characterization of three urinary bladder cancer cell lines: understanding genomic types of urinary bladder cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:4599-617. [PMID: 24459064 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several genomic regions are frequently altered and associated with the type, stage and progression of urinary bladder cancer (UBC). We present the characterization of 5637, T24 and HT1376 UBC cell lines by karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis. Some cytogenetic anomalies present in UBC were found in the three cell lines, such as chromosome 20 aneuploidy and the loss of 9p21. Some gene loci losses (e.g. CDKN2A) and gains (e.g. HRAS, BCL2L1 and PTPN1) were coincident across all cell lines. Although some significant heterogeneity and complexity were detected between them, their genomic profiles exhibited a similar pattern to UBC. We suggest that 5637 and HT1376 represent the E2F3/RB1 pathway due to amplification of 6p22.3, concomitant with loss of one copy of RB1 and mutation of the remaining copy. The HT1376 presented a 10q deletion involving PTEN region and no alteration of PIK3CA region which, in combination with the inactivation of TP53, bears more invasive and metastatic properties than 5637. The T24 belongs to the alternative pathway of FGFR3/CCND1 by presenting mutated HRAS and over-represented CCND1. These cell lines cover the more frequent subtypes of UBC and are reliable models that can be used, as a group, in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosário Pinto-Leite
- Cytogenetic Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics, Hospital Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Profiling the molecular mechanism of fullerene cytotoxicity on tumor cells by RNA-seq. Toxicology 2013; 314:183-92. [PMID: 24125657 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The interest on functionalized fullerenes in the field of nanomedicine has seen a significant increase in the past decade. However, the different methods employed to increase C60 solubility profoundly influence the physicochemical properties and the toxicological effects of these compounds, thus complicating the evaluation of their toxicity and potential therapeutic use. Here we report a whole-transcriptome RNA-seq analysis assessing the effect of two fullerenes (1 and 2) on gene expression in the human MCF7 cell line. Although these two compounds had previously been characterized by in vitro studies as having a cytotoxic and null effect respectively, to date the mechanisms at the basis of this different behavior and, more in general, at the basis of the effect of most fullerene derivatives in living cells are still completely unknown. Our data evidence that: (a) fullerene 2 caused a significant, time-dependent alteration of gene expression, whereas 1 only had a negligible effect; (b) the biological processes mostly influenced over the 48h experimental time course were transcription, protein synthesis, cell cycle progression and cell adhesion; (c) the gene expression signature of 2-treated cells was strikingly similar to those induced by selective inhibitors of mTOR signaling, thus suggesting an effect on this pathway for fullerene 2. Our work represents the first approach toward the application of RNA-seq to the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction of fullerenes with cellular systems and provides an objective view of the feasibility and the safety of these nanomaterials for a medical application.
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Gorska M, Marino Gammazza A, Zmijewski MA, Campanella C, Cappello F, Wasiewicz T, Kuban-Jankowska A, Daca A, Sielicka A, Popowska U, Knap N, Antoniewicz J, Wakabayashi T, Wozniak M. Geldanamycin-induced osteosarcoma cell death is associated with hyperacetylation and loss of mitochondrial pool of heat shock protein 60 (hsp60). PLoS One 2013; 8:e71135. [PMID: 24015183 PMCID: PMC3756027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most malignant tumors of childhood and adolescence that is often resistant to standard chemo- and radio-therapy. Geldanamycin and geldanamycin analogs have been recently studied as potential anticancer agents for osteosarcoma treatment. Here, for the first time, we have presented novel anticancer mechanisms of geldanamycin biological activity. Moreover, we demonstrated an association between the effects of geldanamycin on the major heat shock proteins (HSPs) and the overall survival of highly metastatic human osteosarcoma 143B cells. We demonstrated that the treatment of 143B cells with geldanamycin caused a subsequent upregulation of cytoplasmic Hsp90 and Hsp70 whose activity is at least partly responsible for cancer development and drug resistance. On the other hand, geldanamycin induced upregulation of Hsp60 gene expression, and a simultaneous loss of hyperacetylated Hsp60 mitochondrial protein pool resulting in decreased viability and augmented cancer cell death. Hyperacetylation of Hsp60 seems to be associated with anticancer activity of geldanamycin. In light of the fact that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the apoptotic signaling pathway, the presented data may support a hypothesis that Hsp60 can be another functional part of mitochondria-related acetylome being a potential target for developing novel anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gorska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy “Emerico Luna”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Campanella
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy “Emerico Luna”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy “Emerico Luna”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tomasz Wasiewicz
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Daca
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alicja Sielicka
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Urszula Popowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- College of Health, Beauty Care and Education in Poznan, Faculty in Gdynia, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Narcyz Knap
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Antoniewicz
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Takashi Wakabayashi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Pathology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michal Wozniak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- College of Health, Beauty Care and Education in Poznan, Faculty in Gdynia, Gdynia, Poland
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