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Hu S, Zhou H, Zhao X, Qian F, Jin C. MiR-195-5p suppresses gastric adenocarcinoma cell progression via targeting OTX1. Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:659-668. [PMID: 36093844 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) caused by malignant transformation of gastric adenocytes is a malignancy with high incidence. MiR-195-5p modulates a variety of cancers. One of its target genes, orthodenticle homeobox 1 (OTX1), is believed to be a key modulator of tumor progression. We aim to analyze the mechanism of miR-195-5p and OTX1 in GAC. MiR-195-5p and OTX1 mRNA levels in GAC cells were tested via qRT-PCR. OTX1 protein and EMT-related protein levels were examined through western blot. Several cell functional assays were designed to measure changes in cell malignant behaviors. Dual luciferase assay verified the targeting relation of miR-195-5p and OTX1. These experimental results showed significantly low miR-195-5p expression and significantly high OTX1 expression in GAC cells. Enforced miR-195-5p level repressed cell malignant progression and accelerated cell apoptosis in GAC. Increased OTX1 weakened the above-mentioned effect caused by overexpressing miR-195-5p. Thus, miR-195-5p restrained migration, proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process of GAC cells, and promoted cell apoptosis through regulating OTX1. A new insight is provided for searching for biomarkers or therapeutic targets of GAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sizhe Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Dongyang People's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Huanting Zhou
- Department of Operating Room, Affiliated Dongyang People's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Dongyang People's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Dongyang People's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cancan Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Dongyang People's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Efovi D, Xiao Q. Noncoding RNAs in Vascular Cell Biology and Restenosis. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:24. [PMID: 36671717 PMCID: PMC9855655 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angioplasty patient outcomes remains a key priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been extensively implicated in vascular cell biology and ISR through multiple, both distinct and overlapping, mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages constitute the main cell types involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of ISR. The identification of critical regulators exemplified by ncRNAs in all these cell types and processes makes them an exciting therapeutic target in the field of restenosis. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the potential functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in vascular cell biology in the context of restenosis, with an in-depth focus on vascular cell dysfunction during restenosis development and progression. We will also discuss the diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target potential of ncRNAs in ISR. Finally, we will discuss the current shortcomings, challenges, and perspectives toward the clinical application of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Efovi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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3
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Zheng HC, Xue H, Zhang CY. REG4 promotes the proliferation and anti-apoptosis of cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1012193. [PMID: 36172286 PMCID: PMC9511136 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1012193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerating islet-derived 4 (REG4) gene was discovered by high-throughput sequencing of ulcerative colitis cDNA libraries. REG4 is involved in infection and inflammation by enhancing macrophage polarization to M2, via activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/Akt/cAMP-responsive element binding and the killing inflammatory Escherichia coli, and closely linked to tumorigenesis. Its expression was transcriptionally activated by caudal type homeobox 2, GATA binding protein 6, GLI family zinc finger 1, SRY-box transcription factor 9, CD44 intracytoplasmic domain, activating transcription factor 2, and specificity protein 1, and translationally activated by miR-24. REG4 can interact with transmembrane CD44, G protein-coupled receptor 37, mannan and heparin on cancer cells. Its overexpression was observed in gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, gallbladder, ovarian and urothelial cancers, and is closely linked to their aggressive behaviors and a poor prognosis. Additionally, REG4 expression and recombinant REG4 aggravated such cellular phenotypes as tumorigenesis, proliferation, anti-apoptosis, chemoradioresistance, migration, invasion, peritoneal dissemination, tumor growth, and cancer stemness via EGFR/Akt/activator protein-1 and Akt/glycogen synthase kinase three β/β-catenin/transcription factor 4 pathways. Sorted REG4-positive deep crypt secretory cells promote organoid formation of single Lgr5 (+) colon stem cells by Notch inhibition and Wnt activation. Histologically, REG4 protein is specifically expressed in neuroendocrine tumors and signet ring cell carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, ovary, and lung. It might support the histogenesis of gastric intestinal–metaplasia–globoid dysplasia–signet ring cell carcinoma. In this review, we summarized the structure, biological functions, and effects of REG4 on inflammation and cancer. We conclude that REG4 may be employed as a biomarker of tumorigenesis, subsequent progression and poor prognosis of cancer, and may be a useful target for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Chuan Zheng
- Department of Oncology and Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
- *Correspondence: Hua-Chuan Zheng,
| | - Hang Xue
- Department of Oncology and Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Cong-Yu Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Takasawa S, Tsuchida C, Sakuramoto-Tsuchida S, Uchiyama T, Makino M, Yamauchi A, Itaya-Hironaka A. Upregulation of REG IV gene in human intestinal epithelial cells by lipopolysaccharide via downregulation of microRNA-24. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4710-4720. [PMID: 35946046 PMCID: PMC9443949 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) reflects a balance between mucosal injury and reparative mechanisms. Some regenerating gene (Reg) family members (REG Iα, REG Iβ and REG IV) are expressed in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and involved as proliferative mucosal factors in IBD. We revealed that REG Iα and REG Iβ were induced in cell culture system by IL‐6/IL‐22. Although REG IV was upregulated in IBD biopsy samples, the upregulation of REG IV was not at all induced in cell culture by autoimmune‐related cytokines such as IL‐6, IL‐22 and TNFα. Here, we analysed REG IV expression in LS‐174 T and HT‐29 human intestinal epithelial cells by real‐time RT–PCR and elisa. REG IV expression was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, LPS did not activate REG IV promoter activity. As the LPS‐induced upregulation of REG IV was considered to be regulated post‐transcriptionally, we searched targeted microRNA (miR), which revealed that REG IV mRNA has a potential target sequence for miR‐24. We measured the miR‐24 level of LPS‐treated cells and found that the level was significantly lower. The LPS‐induced increase of REG IV mRNA was abolished by the introduction of miR‐24 mimic but not by non‐specific control RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Takasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomoko Uchiyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mai Makino
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Akiyo Yamauchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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5
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Yu B, Dai W, Pang L, Sang Q, Li F, Yu J, Feng H, Li J, Hou J, Yan C, Su L, Zhu Z, Li YY, Liu B. The dynamic alteration of transcriptional regulation by crucial TFs during tumorigenesis of gastric cancer. Mol Med 2022; 28:41. [PMID: 35421923 PMCID: PMC9008954 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms of Gastric cancer (GC) initiation and progression are complicated, at least partly owing to the dynamic changes of gene regulation during carcinogenesis. Thus, investigations on the changes in regulatory networks can improve the understanding of cancer development and provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of cancer. Methods Differential co-expression analysis (DCEA), differential gene regulation network (GRN) modeling and differential regulation analysis (DRA) were integrated to detect differential transcriptional regulation events between gastric normal mucosa and cancer samples based on GSE54129 dataset. Cytological experiments and IHC staining assays were used to validate the dynamic changes of CREB1 regulated targets in different stages. Results A total of 1955 differentially regulated genes (DRGs) were identified and prioritized in a quantitative way. Among the top 1% DRGs, 14 out of 19 genes have been reported to be GC relevant. The four transcription factors (TFs) among the top 1% DRGs, including CREB1, BPTF, GATA6 and CEBPA, were regarded as crucial TFs relevant to GC progression. The differentially regulated links (DRLs) around the four crucial TFs were then prioritized to generate testable hypotheses on the differential regulation mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis. To validate the dynamic alterations of gene regulation patterns of crucial TFs during GC progression, we took CREB1 as an example to screen its differentially regulated targets by using cytological and IHC staining assays. Eventually, TCEAL2 and MBNL1 were proved to be differentially regulated by CREB1 during tumorigenesis of gastric cancer. Conclusions By combining differential networking information and molecular cell experiments verification, testable hypotheses on the regulation mechanisms of GC around the core TFs and their top ranked DRLs were generated. Since TCEAL2 and MBNL1 have been reported to be potential therapeutic targets in SCLC and breast cancer respectively, their translation values in GC are worthy of further investigation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00468-7.
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Wurtzel JGT, Lazar S, Sikder S, Cai KQ, Astsaturov I, Weyrich AS, Rowley JW, Goldfinger LE. Platelet microRNAs inhibit primary tumor growth via broad modulation of tumor cell mRNA expression in ectopic pancreatic cancer in mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261633. [PMID: 34936674 PMCID: PMC8694476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the contributions of platelet microRNAs (miRNAs) to the rate of growth and regulation of gene expression in primary ectopic tumors using mouse models. We previously identified an inhibitory role for platelets in solid tumor growth, mediated by tumor infiltration of platelet microvesicles (microparticles) which are enriched in platelet-derived miRNAs. To investigate the specific roles of platelet miRNAs in tumor growth models, we implanted pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells as a bolus into mice with megakaryocyte-/platelet-specific depletion of mature miRNAs. We observed an ~50% increase in the rate of growth of ectopic primary tumors in these mice compared to controls including at early stages, associated with reduced apoptosis in the tumors, in particular in tumor cells associated with platelet microvesicles-which were depleted of platelet-enriched miRNAs-demonstrating a specific role for platelet miRNAs in modulation of primary tumor growth. Differential expression RNA sequencing of tumor cells isolated from advanced primary tumors revealed a broad cohort of mRNAs modulated in the tumor cells as a function of host platelet miRNAs. Altered genes comprised 548 up-regulated transcripts and 43 down-regulated transcripts, mostly mRNAs altogether spanning a variety of growth signaling pathways-notably pathways related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition-in tumor cells from platelet miRNA-deleted mice compared with those from control mice. Tumors in platelet miRNA-depleted mice showed more sarcomatoid growth and more advanced tumor grade, indicating roles for host platelet miRNAs in tumor plasticity. We further validated increased protein expression of selected genes associated with increased cognate mRNAs in the tumors due to platelet miRNA depletion in the host animals, providing proof of principle of widespread effects of platelet miRNAs on tumor cell functional gene expression in primary tumors in vivo. Together, these data demonstrate that platelet-derived miRNAs modulate solid tumor growth in vivo by broad-spectrum restructuring of the tumor cell transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy G. T. Wurtzel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sophia Lazar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sonali Sikder
- Molecular Therapeutics Program and The Marvin & Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Kathy Q. Cai
- Cancer Biology Program and Histopathology Facility, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Igor Astsaturov
- Molecular Therapeutics Program and The Marvin & Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Andrew S. Weyrich
- Molecular Medicine Program, Pathology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Jesse W. Rowley
- Molecular Medicine Program, Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Lawrence E. Goldfinger
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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7
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Weidle UH, Birzele F, Brinkmann U, Auslaender S. Gastric Cancer: Identification of microRNAs Inhibiting Druggable Targets and Mediating Efficacy in Preclinical In Vivo Models. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 18:497-514. [PMID: 34183383 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to chemotherapy, targeted therapies have been approved for treatment of locally advanced and metastatic gastric cancer. The therapeutic benefit is significant but more durable responses and improvement of survival should be achieved. Therefore, the identification of new targets and new approaches for clinical treatment are of paramount importance. In this review, we searched the literature for down-regulated microRNAs which interfere with druggable targets and exhibit efficacy in preclinical in vivo efficacy models. As druggable targets, we selected transmembrane receptors, secreted factors and enzymes. We identified 38 microRNAs corresponding to the criteria as outlined. A total of 13 miRs target transmembrane receptors, nine inhibit secreted proteins and 16 attenuate enzymes. These microRNAs are targets for reconstitution therapy of gastric cancer. Further target validation experiments are mandatory for all of the identified microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany;
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRed), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Brinkmann
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany;
| | - Simon Auslaender
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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8
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Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. The mechanism of how GC develops is vague, and therapies are inefficient. The function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumorigenesis has attracted the attention from many scientists. During the development of GC, miRNAs function in the regulation of different phenotypes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, drug sensitivity and resistance, and stem-cell-like properties. MiRNAs were evaluated for use in diagnostic and prognostic predictions and exhibited considerable accuracy. Although many problems exist for the application of therapy, current studies showed the antitumor effects of miRNAs. This paper reviews recent advances in miRNA mechanisms in the development of GC and the potential use of miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of GC.
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9
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Wu Y, Meng D, Xu X, Bao J, You Y, Sun Y, Li Y, Sun D. Expression and functional characterization of INPP4B in gallbladder cancer patients and gallbladder cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:433. [PMID: 33879096 PMCID: PMC8056679 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) is a negative regulator of the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway and plays a contradictory role in different types of cancers. However, the its biological role played by INPP4B in human gallbladder cancer (GBC) has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the expression, clinical significance and biological function of INPP4B in GBC patients and cell lines. Methods The INPP4B protein expression levels in gallbladder cancer tissues and normal gallbladder tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the clinical significance of INPP4B was analysed. Knockdown and overexpression of INPP4B in GBC-SD and SGC-996 cells followed by cell proliferation, clonogenic, apoptosis detection, scratch wound-healing and transwell assays were used to identify INPP4B function in vitro. Results INPP4B was up-regulated in human GBC tissues compared with normal gallbladder tissues and was related to histopathological differentiation (p = 0.026). Here, we observed that INPP4B was highly expressed in high-moderately differentiated tumours compared with low-undifferentiated tumours (p = 0.022). Additionally, we found that INPP4B expression was not associated with overall survival of GBC patients (p = 0.071) and was not an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, when we stratified the relationship between INPP4B expression and the prognosis of GBC based on histopathological differentiation, we found that INPP4B played a contradictory role in GBC progression depending on the degree of differentiation. In addition, INPP4B knockdown inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in GBC cells, while INPP4B overexpression had the opposite effects in vitro, which indicates its role as an oncoprotein. Conclusions These findings suggested that INPP4B may play a dual role in the prognosis of GBC depending on the degree of differentiation and that INPP4B might act as an oncogene in gallbladder cancer cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08143-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youliang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Delong Meng
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjun Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yexiang You
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the Armed Police Corps Hospital of Anhui, Hefei, 230041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dengqun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the Armed Police Corps Hospital of Anhui, Hefei, 230041, People's Republic of China.
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Luan L, Hu Q, Wang Y, Lu L, Ling J. Knockdown of lncRNA NEAT1 expression inhibits cell migration, invasion and EMT by regulating the miR-24-3p/LRG1 axis in retinoblastoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:367. [PMID: 33732340 PMCID: PMC7903428 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular cancer type that occurs during retinal development in childhood. Previous studies have reported that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development of RB. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects and underlying regulatory mechanisms of nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in RB. The expression levels of NEAT1, microRNA (miR)-24-3p and leucine-rich-α-2-glycoprotein (LRG1) were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Moreover, the protein expression levels of LRG1, matrix metalloproteinase 9, N-cadherin and E-cadherin were detected via western blotting. Furthermore, cell migration and invasion abilities were evaluated via Transwell assays. The targeting relationships between miR-24-3p and NEAT1 or LRG1 were predicted using online software and confirmed via dual-luciferase reporter assay. In the present study, NEAT1 and LRG1 were upregulated, and miR-24-3p was downregulated in RB tissues and cells compared with the corresponding healthy tissues and cells. Moreover, miR-24-3p was identified as a target of NEAT and LRG1 was demonstrated to be a direct target gene of miR-24-3p. Knockdown of NEAT1 or LRG1 significantly suppressed RB cell migration and invasion ability, while the effects were reversed by an miR-24-3p inhibitor. In addition, the downregulation of LRG1 caused by miR-24-3p was restored following the overexpression of NEAT1 in RB cells. It was also demonstrated that NEAT1 knockdown inhibited the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway by inhibiting the expression of LRG via targeting miR-24-3p. In conclusion, the present results suggest that silencing of NEAT1 suppresses cell migration, invasion and the EMT process by downregulating LRG1 expression via sponging miR-24-3p in RB, thus indicating that NEAT1 may be a potential candidate for RB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
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11
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Borchardt H, Ewe A, Morawski M, Weirauch U, Aigner A. miR24-3p activity after delivery into pancreatic carcinoma cell lines exerts profound tumor-inhibitory effects through distinct pathways of apoptosis and autophagy induction. Cancer Lett 2021; 503:174-184. [PMID: 33508384 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is among the most detrimental tumors, with novel treatment options urgently needed. The pathological downregulation of a miRNA in tumors can lead to the overexpression of oncogenes, thus suggesting miRNA replacement as novel strategy in cancer therapy. While the role of miR24 in cancer, including pancreatic carcinoma, has been described as ambiguous, it may hold great promise and deserves further studies. Here, we comprehensively analyze the effects of miR24-3p replacement in a set of pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Transfection of miR24-3p mimics leads to profound cell inhibition in various 2D and 3D cell assays, based on the induction of apoptosis, autophagy and ROS. Comprehensive analyses of miR24-3p effects on the molecular level reveal the transcriptional regulation of several important oncogenes and oncogenic pathways. Based on these findings, miRNA replacement therapy was preclinically explored by treating tumor xenograft-bearing mice with miR24-3p mimics formulated in polymeric nanoparticles. The obtained tumor inhibition was associated with the induction of apoptosis and necrosis. Taken together, we identify miR24-3p as powerful tumor-inhibitory miRNA for replacement therapy, and describe a complex network of oncogenic pathways affected by miR24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Borchardt
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Ewe
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Morawski
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Weirauch
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany.
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12
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Zhang J, Zhu Z, Miao Z, Huang X, Sun Z, Xu H, Wang Z. The Clinical Significance and Mechanisms of REG4 in Human Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 10:559230. [PMID: 33489872 PMCID: PMC7819868 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.559230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerating islet-derived type 4 (REG4), a member of the calcium-dependent lectin gene superfamily, is abnormally expressed in various cancers, such as colorectal, gastric, gallbladder, pancreatic, ovarian, prostate, and lung cancer. REG4 is associated with a relatively unfavorable prognosis and clinicopathologic features in cancers, including advanced tumor and nodal stage, histological differentiation, and liver and peritoneal metastasis. Moreover, REG4-positive cancer cells show more frequent resistance to chemoradiotherapy, especially 5-FU-based chemotherapy. REG4 participates in many aspects of carcinogenesis, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. The underlying mechanisms are complex and involve a series of signaling mediators and multiple pathways. Thus, REG4 may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker as well as a candidate therapeutic target in cancer patients. In this review, we systematically summarize the advances about the clinical significance, biological functions, and mechanisms underlying REG4 in cancer to provide new directions for future cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhifeng Miao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuanzhang Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huimian Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Genome-Wide Characterization of RNA Editing Sites in Primary Gastric Adenocarcinoma through RNA-seq Data Analysis. Int J Genomics 2020; 2020:6493963. [PMID: 33415135 PMCID: PMC7768588 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6493963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA editing is a posttranscriptional nucleotide modification in humans. Of the various types of RNA editing, the adenosine to inosine substitution is the most widespread in higher eukaryotes, which is mediated by the ADAR family enzymes. Inosine is recognized by the biological machinery as guanosine; therefore, editing could have substantial functional effects throughout the genome. RNA editing could contribute to cancer either by exclusive editing of tumor suppressor/promoting genes or by introducing transcriptomic diversity to promote cancer progression. Here, we provided a comprehensive overview of the RNA editing sites in gastric adenocarcinoma and highlighted some of their possible contributions to gastric cancer. RNA-seq data corresponding to 8 gastric adenocarcinoma and their paired nontumor counterparts were retrieved from the GEO database. After preprocessing and variant calling steps, a stringent filtering pipeline was employed to distinguish potential RNA editing sites from SNPs. The identified potential editing sites were annotated and compared with those in the DARNED database. Totally, 12362 high-confidence adenosine to inosine RNA editing sites were detected across all samples. Of these, 12105 and 257 were known and novel editing events, respectively. These editing sites were unevenly distributed across genomic regions, and nearly half of them were located in 3′UTR. Our results revealed that 4868 editing sites were common in both normal and cancer tissues. From the remaining sites, 3985 and 3509 were exclusive to normal and cancer tissues, respectively. Further analysis revealed a significant number of differentially edited events among these sites, which were located in protein coding genes and microRNAs. Given the distinct pattern of RNA editing in gastric adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal tissue, edited sites have the potential to serve as the diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gastric cancer.
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14
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Hydrogen peroxide and Helicobacter pylori extract treatment combined with APE1 knockdown induce DNA damage, G2/M arrest and cell death in gastric cancer cell line. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 96:102976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Yu T, Meng F, Xie M, Liu H, Zhang L, Chen X. Long Noncoding RNA PMS2L2 Downregulates miR-24 through Methylation to Suppress Cell Apoptosis in Ulcerative Colitis. Dig Dis 2020; 39:467-476. [PMID: 33238281 DOI: 10.1159/000513330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon. It has been reported that PMS2L2 plays protective roles in inflammatory injury. This study aimed to investigate the role of the long noncoding RNA PMS2L2 in UC. METHODS Sixty-two patients with UC as well as 62 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Expressions of PMS2L2 and miR-24 in plasma from UC patients and healthy controls were determined by RT-qPCR. The interaction between PMS2L2 and miR-24 was predicted by bioinformatics and confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down. The role of PMS2L2 in the regulation of miR-24 gene methylation was analyzed by methylation-specific PCR. The effects of PMS2L2 and miR-24 on the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blots. RESULTS PMS2L2 was downregulated in the plasma of UC patients compared to that in age- and gender-matched healthy control. In human colonic epithelial cells (HCnEpCs), PMS2L2 overexpression inhibited miR-24 expression via promoting the methylation of miR-24 gene. In contrast, miR-24 overexpression failed to affect PMS2L2. In the detection of cell apoptosis, PMS2L2 overexpression could promote the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibit Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-9 expressions stimulated by LPS. Flow cytometer revealed that PMS2L2 elevation suppressed the apoptosis of HCnEpCs induced by LPS, but miR-24 aggravated the apoptosis. PMS2L2 overexpression rescued the detrimental effect of miR-24 on cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION PMS2L2 may downregulate miR-24 via methylation to suppress cell apoptosis in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Department of TCM Proctlogy, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanyu Meng
- Department of TCM Proctlogy, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minning Xie
- Department of TCM Proctlogy, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huajiang Liu
- Department of TCM Proctlogy, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of TCM Proctlogy, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghua Chen
- Department of TCM Proctlogy, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Ganguly K, Kishore U, Madan T. Interplay between C-type lectin receptors and microRNAs in cellular homeostasis and immune response. FEBS J 2020; 288:4210-4229. [PMID: 33085815 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) belong to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). They have a critical role to play in the regulation of a range of physiological functions including development, respiration, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immunity. CLRs can recognize distinct and conserved exogenous pathogen-associated as well as endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns. These interactions set off downstream signaling cascades, leading to the production of inflammatory mediators, activation of effector immune cells as well as regulation of the developmental and physiological homeostasis. CLR signaling must be tightly controlled to circumvent the excessive inflammatory burden and to maintain the cellular homeostasis. Recently, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be important regulators of expression of CLRs and their downstream signaling. The delicate balance between miRNAs and CLRs seems crucial in almost all aspects of multicellular life. Any dysregulations in the miRNA-CLR axes may lead to tumorigenesis or inflammatory diseases. Here, we present an overview of the current understanding of the central role of miRNAs in the regulation of CLR expression, profoundly impacting upon homeostasis and immunity, and thus, development of therapeutics against immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Ganguly
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
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17
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Wang S, Liu N, Tang Q, Sheng H, Long S, Wu W. MicroRNA-24 in Cancer: A Double Side Medal With Opposite Properties. Front Oncol 2020; 10:553714. [PMID: 33123467 PMCID: PMC7566899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.553714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-24 (miR-24) has been widely studied in a variety of human cancers, which plays different roles in specific type of cancers. In the present review, we summarized the recent surveys regarding the role of miR-24 in different human cancers. On the one hand, miR-24 was reported to be down-regulated in some types of cancer, indicating its role as a tumor suppressor. On the other hand, it has shown that miR-24 was up-regulated in some other types of cancer, even in the same type of cancer, suggesting the role of miR-24 being as an oncogene. Firstly, miR-24 was dysregualted in human cancers, which is related to the clinical performance of cancer patients. Thus miR-24 could be used as a potential non-invasive diagnostic marker in human cancers. Secondly, miR-24 was associated with the tumor initiation and progression, being as a promoter or inhibitor. Therefore, miR-24 might be an effective prognostic biomarker in different type of cancers. Lastly, the abnormal expression of miR-24 was involved in the chemo- and radio- therapies of cancer patients, indicating the role of miR-24 being as a predictive biomarker to cancer treatment. Totally, miR-24 contributes to tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and tumor therapy, which closely related to clinic. The present review shows that miR-24 plays a double role in human cancers and provides plenty of evidences to apply miR-24 as a potential novel therapeutic target in treating human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nayan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghao Sheng
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunqin Long
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyin Wu
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
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18
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miR-24-3p/KLF8 Signaling Axis Contributes to LUAD Metastasis by Regulating EMT. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:4036047. [PMID: 32411796 PMCID: PMC7204180 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4036047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment is a salient feature during metastasis in LUAD. miR-24-3p and KLF8, which are key regulators of the tumor immune microenvironment, had been proved to show metastasis-promoting property in LUAD. However, whether miR-24-3p could regulate LUAD metastasis by targeting KLF8 remains unclear. This study explored the functions and mechanisms of miR-24-3p/KLF8 signaling in advanced LUAD. The expression level of miR-24-3p and KLF8 were tested in LUAD patients, and the corelation of miR-24-3p and KLF8 was evaluated. The interaction of miR-24-3p and KLF8 was demonstrated by luciferase reporter activity assay, in vitro migration and invasion studies, and in vivo metastatic studies. miR-24-3p level was downregulated in LUAD and negatively associated with KLF8 mRNA expression. miR-24-3p controls LUAD metastasis by directly targeting KLF8 and inducing Snail and E-cadherin expressions. Targeting the miR-24-3p/KLF8/EMT axis might be of great therapeutic value to advanced LUAD patients.
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19
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Zhang XQ, Yu LT, Du P, Yin TQ, Zhang ZY, Xu Y, Li X, Li YJ, Wang M, Luo C. Single-chain Antibody Against Reg4 Suppresses Gastric Cancer Cell Growth and Enhances 5-FU-induced Cell Death in vitro. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:610-619. [PMID: 30465515 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666181122104720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regenerating islet-derived gene family member 4 (Reg4), a well-investigated growth factor in the regenerative pancreas, has recently been reported to be highly associated with a majority of gastrointestinal cancers. Pathological hyper-expression or artificial over-expression of Reg4 causes acceleration of tumor growth, migration, and resistance to chemotherapeutic 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Until now, no method has been successfully established for eliminating the effects of Reg4 protein. METHODS This study reports the production of an engineered immunoglobin, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv-Reg4), to specifically bind Reg4 and block the bioactivity. The complementary-determining regions (CDRs) against Reg4 were assigned using MOE and ZDOCK servers. The binding affinity (KD) was determined by bio-layer interferometry (BLI). MKN45 and AGS cell proliferation was determined by Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and the cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry assay. RESULTS The KD of scFv-Reg4 to Reg4 was determined to be 1.91×10-8. In MKN45 and AGS cell lines, scFv- Reg4 depressed Reg4-stimulated cell proliferation and the inhibitory rates were 27.7±1.5% and 17.3±2.6%, respectively. Furthermore, scFv significantly enhanced 5-FU-induced cell death, from 23.0±1.0% to 28.4±1.2% in MKN45 and 28.2±0.7% to 36.6±0.6% in AGS cells. Treatment with scFv alone could lyse cancer cells to a certain extent, but no significance has been observed. CONCLUSION The single-chain antibody (scFv-Reg4) significantly inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation and synergistically enhanced the lethal effect of 5-FU. Thus, traditional chemo-/radio- therapeutics supplemented with scFv-Reg4 may provide advances in the strategy for gastrointestinal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Zhang
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu-Ting Yu
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Fraser Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pei Du
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian-Qi Yin
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Jiangsu Celtec Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - You-Jie Li
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Nature Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Luo
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Nature Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Tang H, Long Q, Zhuang K, Yan Y, Han K, Guo H, Lu X. miR-665 promotes the progression of gastric adenocarcinoma via elevating FAK activation through targeting SOCS3 and is negatively regulated by lncRNA MEG3. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4709-4719. [PMID: 31650535 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Studies have found that miR-665 acted as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene in different malignancies. miR-665 expression was elevated in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues; however, its role and mechanism in this disease are not fully clarified. The expression of miR-665 and its target gene was detected in human gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and cells. Moreover, we analyzed the effects of miR-665 on the proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric adenocarcinoma cells as well as tumor growth in vivo. The mechanisms of miR-665 in gastric adenocarcinoma were investigated by using molecular biology techniques. We found miR-665 was upregulated and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) was downregulated in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and cells. Elevated miR-665 was positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, invasion depth, TNM stage, and poor differentiation in gastric adenocarcinoma patients. Overexpression of miR-665 promoted, whereas knockdown of miR-665 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and EMT of gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-665 functioned through targeting SOCS3, followed by activation of the FAK/Src signaling pathway in gastric adenocarcinoma cells. miR-665 antagomir inhibited tumor growth as well as the activation of the FAK/Src pathway but increased SOCS3 expression in nude mice. In addition, miR-665 expression was negatively regulated by long noncoding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3). In conclusion, miR-665 acted as an oncogene in gastric adenocarcinoma by inhibiting SOCS3 followed by activation of the FAK/Src pathway and it was negatively modulated by MEG3. miR-665 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Division of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianfa Long
- Division of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Zhuang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Han
- Division of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanqing Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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21
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Helmy M, Hatlen A, Marco A. The Impact of Population Variation in the Analysis of microRNA Target Sites. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:E42. [PMID: 31234531 PMCID: PMC6630466 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of population variation in the analysis of regulatory interactions is an underdeveloped area. MicroRNA target recognition occurs via pairwise complementarity. Consequently, a number of computational prediction tools have been developed to identify potential target sites that can be further validated experimentally. However, as microRNA target predictions are done mostly considering a reference genome sequence, target sites showing variation among populations are neglected. Here, we studied the variation at microRNA target sites in human populations and quantified their impact in microRNA target prediction. We found that African populations carry a significant number of potential microRNA target sites that are not detectable in the current human reference genome sequence. Some of these targets are conserved in primates and only lost in Out-of-Africa populations. Indeed, we identified experimentally validated microRNA/transcript interactions that are not detected in standard microRNA target prediction programs, yet they have segregating target alleles abundant in non-European populations. In conclusion, we show that ignoring population diversity may leave out regulatory elements essential to understand disease and gene expression, particularly neglecting populations of African origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohab Helmy
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Andrea Hatlen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Antonio Marco
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
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22
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Li J, Zhang Z, Chen F, Hu T, Peng W, Gu Q, Sun Y. The Diverse Oncogenic and Tumor Suppressor Roles of microRNA-105 in Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:518. [PMID: 31281797 PMCID: PMC6595394 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional/translational level. They act a considerable role not only in the normal progress of development but also in aberrant human diseases, including malignancy. With accumulating proofs of miR-105, the complex role of miR-105 during cancer initiation and progression is gradually emerging. miR-105 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis or as an oncogene by promoting tumor initiation and invasion, depending on particular tumor contexts and base-pairing genes. In this review, we emphasize the characteristics of miR-105 in cancer to elucidate various deadly tumors and discuss transcriptional regulations that may explain fluctuations in miR-105 expression. This review may provide new ideas for applying miR-105 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangyu Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiou Gu
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Han X, Li Q, Liu C, Wang C, Li Y. Overexpression miR-24-3p repressed Bim expression to confer tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12966-12976. [PMID: 31001849 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy resistance represents a major challenge to the successful treatment of patients with breast cancer. The development of tamoxifen resistance commonly occurrs during the treatment of patients with breast cancer whereas its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we found that miR-24-3p regulated tamoxifen sensitivity in breast cancer cells. Forced overexpression of miR-24-3p augmented tamoxifen-induced cell viability inhibition in breast cancer cells, while knockdown of miR-24-3p partially attenuated the cytotoxicity effect of tamoxifen. Moreover, we discovered Bim as a target gene of miR-24-3p in breast cancer cells by RNA immunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and dual luciferase reporter assay. In our established tamoxifen resistant MCF7 cell line (MCF7/TAM), there was a significant elevation of miR-24-3p and decrease of BIM expression compared with parental MCF7 cells. In addition, the inhibition of miR-24-3p could reverse the tamoxifen resistance of MCF7/TAM cells by the induction of cell apoptosis. Silencing of Bim expression blocked miR-24-3p inhibitor-induced elevation of tamoxifen sensitivity of MCF7/TAM cells. Using tumor tissues from patients with breast cancer, we also found that the expression of miR-24-3p was negatively correlated with Bim mRNA expression. Collectively, our study highlighted the pivotal role of miR-24-3p overexpression in mediating the development of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer and suggested miR-24-3p might be a predictor or target for patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiaobei Li
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinyan Li
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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24
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Manoel-Caetano FS, Rossi AFT, Calvet de Morais G, Severino FE, Silva AE. Upregulation of the APE1 and H2AX genes and miRNAs involved in DNA damage response and repair in gastric cancer. Genes Dis 2019; 6:176-184. [PMID: 31194025 PMCID: PMC6545450 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, and most of the cases are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. This bacterium promotes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause DNA damage in gastric epithelial cells. In this study, we evaluated the expression of important genes involved in the recognition of DNA damage (ATM, ATR, and H2AX) and ROS-induced damage repair (APE1) and the expression of some miRNAs (miR-15a, miR-21, miR-24, miR-421 and miR-605) that target genes involved in the DNA damage response (DDR) in 31 fresh tissues of gastric cancer. Cytoscape v3.1.1 was used to construct the postulated miRNA:mRNA interaction network. Analysis performed by real-time quantitative PCR exhibited significantly increased levels of the APE1 (RQ = 2.55, p < 0.0001) and H2AX (RQ = 2.88, p = 0.0002) genes beyond the miR-421 and miR-605 in the gastric cancer samples. In addition, significantly elevated levels of miR-21, miR-24 and miR-421 were observed in diffuse-type gastric cancer. Correlation analysis reinforced some of the gene:gene (ATM/ATR/H2AX) and miRNA:mRNA relationships obtained also with the interaction network. Thus, our findings show that tumor cells from gastric cancer presents deregulation of genes and miRNAs that participate in the recognition and repair of DNA damage, which could confer an advantage to cell survival and proliferation in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S Manoel-Caetano
- Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15.054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia T Rossi
- Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15.054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Calvet de Morais
- Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15.054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Eduardo Severino
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of Botucatu, Av. Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, 18.618-687, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Elizabete Silva
- Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, 15.054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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25
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Zou H, Zhu J, Huang DS. Cell membrane capsule: a novel natural tool for antitumour drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:251-269. [PMID: 30742557 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1581762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemotherapy plays an important role in antitumour therapy, but causes serious adverse reactions. So, drug delivery system (DDS) with cell-targeting ability is an important method to reduce adverse reactions while ensuring the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Synthetic drug carriers and DDSs based on cells have proven safety and efficacy, but they also have many deficiencies or limitations. Cell membrane capsules (CMCs), which are based on extracellular vesicles (EVs), are a promising biomimetic DDS that retains some cell membrane channels and cytoplasmic functions, with escape macrophage phagocytosis. AREAS COVERED The EVs for constructing CMCs can be prepared by natural secretion, chemical-induced budding, nanofilter membrane extrusion and similar methods and are isolated and purified by a variety of methods such as centrifugation and liquid chromatography. CMCs can target the tumour cells either spontaneously or through targeting modifications using proteins or aptamers to actively target the tumour cells. CMCs can be directly wrapped with chemicals, photosensitizers, RNA, proteins and other ingredients, or they can be loaded with antitumour agent-loaded synthetic nanoparticles, which are delivered to the target cells to play a specific role. EXPERT OPINION This review describes the concept, function, characteristics, origins, and manufacturing methods of CMCs and their application in antitumour therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zou
- a Clinical Research Institute , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital , Hangzhou , China.,b Department of Cardiology , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital , Hangzhou , PR China.,c People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province , China.,d Medical College , Hangzhou , China
| | - Jing Zhu
- c People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province , China.,d Medical College , Hangzhou , China.,e Department of Reproductive Endocrinology , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital , Hangzhou , China
| | - Dong-Sheng Huang
- c People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province , China.,f Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital , Hangzhou , China
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26
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Fattahi S, Golpour M, Amjadi-Moheb F, Sharifi-Pasandi M, Khodadadi P, Pilehchian-Langroudi M, Ashrafi GH, Akhavan-Niaki H. DNA methyltransferases and gastric cancer: insight into targeted therapy. Epigenomics 2018; 10:1477-1497. [PMID: 30325215 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a major health problem worldwide occupying most frequent causes of cancer-related mortality. In addition to genetic modifications, epigenetic alterations catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are a well-characterized epigenetic hallmark in gastric cancer. The reversible nature of epigenetic alterations and central role of DNA methylation in diverse biological processes provides an opportunity for using DNMT inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutics. In this review, we discussed key factors or mechanisms such as SNPs, infections and genetic modifications that trigger DNMTs level modification in gastric cancer, and their potential roles in cancer progression. Finally, we focused on how inhibitors of the DNMTs can most effectively be used for the treatment of gastric cancer with multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Fattahi
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran.,North Research Center, Pasteur Institute, Amol, 4615885399, Iran
| | - Monireh Golpour
- Molecular & Cell Biology Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, 4817844718, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amjadi-Moheb
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran
| | - Marzieh Sharifi-Pasandi
- Molecular & Cell Biology Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, 4817844718, Iran
| | - Parastesh Khodadadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Gholam Hossein Ashrafi
- School of Life Science, Pharmacy & Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Cancer Theme, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, London KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran
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27
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Su B, Xu T, Bruce JP, Yip KW, Zhang N, Huang Z, Zhang G, Liu FF, Liang J, Yang H, Claret FX. hsa‑miR‑24 suppresses metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating the c‑Myc/epithelial‑mesenchymal transition axis. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2536-2546. [PMID: 30226609 PMCID: PMC6151896 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Distant metastasis is the major contributor to treatment failure and mortality in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The lack of effective treatment strategies for metastatic NPC is the major cause for the low survival rate. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying NPC metastasis and to identify potential biomarkers for targeted therapy. MicroRNA (miRNAs or miRs) have been shown to play an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the significance of hsa-miR-24 in NPC metastasis. Significantly lower hsa-miR-24 levels were observed in NPC metastatic tumors and higher hsa-miR-24 levels were associated with longer progression-free and metastasis-free survival durations. hsa-miR-24 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Using bioinformatics approaches together with functional luciferase reporter assays, we demonstrated that the c-Myc 3′-UTR was a direct target of hsa-miR-24 in regulating NPC metastasis. Protein profiling analysis revealed that a high c-Myc expression was inversely associated with metastasis-free overall survival and with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, the overexpression of hsa-miR-24 decreased NPC cell invasive ability induced by the overexpression of c-Myc, associated with EMT epithelial marker (E-cadherin) restoration. Thus, on the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that hsa-miR-24 suppresses metastasis in NPC by regulating the c-Myc/EMT axis, suggesting that hsa-miR-24 may be used as a prognostic factor and as a novel target for the prevention of NPC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojin Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jeff P Bruce
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kenneth W Yip
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Zeli Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Guoyi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jiyong Liang
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huiling Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - François X Claret
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Wu YH, Liu W, Zhang L, Liu XY, Wang Y, Xue B, Liu B, Duan R, Zhang B, Ji Y. Effects of microRNA-24 targeting C-myc on apoptosis, proliferation, and cytokine expressions in chondrocytes of rats with osteoarthritis via MAPK signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7944-7958. [PMID: 29143973 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To investigate whether microRNA-24 (miR-24) targeting C-myc affects chondrocytes of rats with osteoarthritis (OA) via the MAPK signaling pathway. Thirty rats were assigned as a sham group and an OA group (established as OA rat models by cutting the anterior cruciate ligaments and removing 1/3 medial meniscus). TUNEL staining and immunohistochemistry were conducted for cell apoptosis index (AI) and positive expression rate of C-myc protein. Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out for serum level of IL-1β and TNF-α. Primary chondrocytes were assigned into the blank, negative control (NC), miR-24 mimics, miR-24 inhibitors, siRNA-C-myc, and miR-24 inhibitors+siRNA-C-myc groups. The expressions of miR-24, C-myc, p38, ERK, JNK, IL-1β, and TNF-α in tissues and cells were detected using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. CCK8 assay and flow cytometry were performed for cell proliferation and apoptosis. The OA group showed higher IL-1β, TNF-α, AI, and C-myc than the sham group. C-myc is a target gene of miR-24. Compared with the blank group, the miR-24 mimics and siRNA-C-myc groups showed reduced expression of C-myc, IL-1β, TNF-α, p38, p-p38, ERK, p-ERK, JNK, and p-JNK, apoptosis rate yet increased cell proliferation; however, the miR-24 inhibitors group exhibited an opposite trend. The miR-24 inhibitors+siRNA-C-myc group presented a same tendency compared to the siRNA-C-myc group. Upregulated miR-24 downregulates C-myc could suppress apoptosis and promote proliferation of chondrocytes to prevent the occurrence and subsequent progression of OA via inactivating the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hao Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ya Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Bin Xue
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Ran Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ji
- Department of Internal Medicine, The 272nd Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Tianjin, P.R. China
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29
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Lu R, Yang Z, Xu G, Yu S. miR-338 modulates proliferation and autophagy by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in cervical cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:633-644. [PMID: 29898430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignant solid tumor, which is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in women. Given that autophagy is an important factor promoting tumor progression, we aim to investigate the functional role of miR-338 in autophagy and proliferation of cervical cancer. In our study, expression of miR-338 was validated by quantitative RT-PCR in 30 paired cervical cancer tissues and normal tissues. We performed MTT, colony formation and cell cycle assay to explore the effect of miR-338 on cell proliferation. The level of autophagy was evaluated by observing the expression of LC3 formation under fluorescence microscope and detected the LC3 expression by western blot. We used luciferase reporter assays to identify the target gene about miR-338. We not only found that the level of miR-338 is decreased in cervical cancer tissues and cells, but also negatively correlated with the protein level of ATF2. In turn, restoring the expression of miR-338 inhibited proliferation in Hela and SiHa cells. Further mechanistic study identified that ATF2 as a direct target of miR-338. Forced lowexpression of miR-338 directly led to increased the level of autophagy in cervical cancer cells, which was similar to the mTOR signaling inhibitor rapamycin. The western blot analysis show that inhibited miR-338 expression could decrease the p-mTOR and p-p70S6 expression. Thus, we infer that miR-338 decreases autophagy level in cervical cancer cells by activating mTOR signaling pathway. In summary, our study demonstrate that miR-338 could inhibites proliferation and autophagy by targeting ATF2 via mTOR signaling pathway on cervical cancer cells. These results suggest a potential application of miR-338 in cervical cancer as a novel mechanism of tumor therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Zhanhua Yang
- Department of Nursing, Huaian Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Guoying Xu
- Department of gynecology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Huai'an, 223300, China.
| | - Shengsheng Yu
- Department of laboratory medicine, Jiangsu college of nursing. Huai'an, 223005, China.
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miR-24-3p/FGFR3 Signaling as a Novel Axis Is Involved in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Regulates Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:2834109. [PMID: 29850625 PMCID: PMC5933034 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2834109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) contributed to cell growth in lung cancer. However, the correlation between FGFR3 and tumor progression, coupled with the underlying mechanisms, are not fully understood. The clinical significance of FGFR3 was determined in two cohorts of clinical samples (n = 22, n = 78). A panel of biochemical assays and functional experiments was utilized to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and effects of FGFR3 and miR-24-3p on lung adenocarcinoma progression. Upregulated FGFR3 expression indicated an adverse prognosis for lung adenocarcinoma individuals and promoted metastatic potential of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Owing to the direct regulation towards FGFR3, miR-24-3p could interfere with the potential of proliferation, migration, and invasion in lung adenocarcinoma, following variations of EMT-related protein expression. As a significant marker of EMT, E-cadherin was negatively correlated with FGFR3, of which ectopic overexpression could neutralize the antitumour effects of miR-24-3p and reverse its regulatory effects on EMT markers. Taken together, these findings define a novel insight into the miR-24-3p/FGFR3 signaling axis in regulating lung adenocarcinoma progression and suggest that targeting the miR-24-3p/FGFR3 axis could be an effective and efficient way to prevent tumor progression.
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31
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MicroRNA‑24‑2 is associated with cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9157-9164. [PMID: 28990105 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro (mi)RNAs are involved in multiple cellular processes, and alterations in miRNA expression have been demonstrated to lead to tumorigenesis. Previous microarray analysis revealed that miRNA (miR)‑24 was downregulated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Additionally, miR‑24 has been identified as an oncogene and tumor suppressor in various cancers. The present study assessed the expression levels of two stem‑loops of miR‑24, miR‑24‑1 and miR‑24‑2, in RCC tissues and paired healthy tissues by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that miR‑24‑2 was upregulated in RCC tissues and ACHN, 786‑O and 769P cell lines compared with healthy tissues and HEK‑293T cells, respectively, whereas miR‑24‑1 was almost absent in RCC and healthy kidney tissues. To investigate the role of miR‑24‑2 in RCC, a synthesized miR‑24‑2 mimic, negative control (NC), inhibitor or inhibitor NC was transfected into 786‑O and ACHN RCC cells, and cell proliferation, mobility and apoptosis assays were performed. The results of the present study revealed that miR‑24‑2 was associated with cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, thus demonstrating that miR‑24‑2 may serve a role as an oncogene in RCC. Further studies are required to investigate the signaling pathways of miR‑24‑2, and the potential of miR‑24‑2 as a therapeutic target or biomarker for the early detection of RCC.
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32
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Nie Y, Wu K, Yu J, Liang Q, Cai X, Shang Y, Zhou J, Pan K, Sun L, Fang J, Yuan Y, You W, Fan D. A global burden of gastric cancer: the major impact of China. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11:651-661. [PMID: 28351219 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1312342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly aggressive cancer and a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Approximately half of the world's GC cases and deaths occur in china. GC presents challenges in early diagnosis and effective therapy due to a lack of understanding of the underlying molecular biology. The primary goals of this review are to outline current GC research in china and describe future trends in this field. Areas covered: This review mainly focuses on a series of GC-related advances China has achieved. Considerable progress has been made in understanding the role of H. pylori in GC by a series of population-based studies in well-established high-risk areas; A few germline and somatic alterations have been identified by 'omics' studies; Studies on the mechanisms of malignant phenotypes have helped us to form an in-depth understanding of GC and advance drug discovery. Moreover, identification of potential biomarkers and targeted therapies have facilitated the diagnosis and treatment of GC. However, many challenges remain. Expert commentary: To combat GC, sufficient funding is important. More attention should be paid on early diagnosis and the discovery of novel efficient biomarkers and the development of biomarker-based or targeted therapeutics in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhan Nie
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jun Yu
- b Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and Institute of Digestive Disease , Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Qiaoyi Liang
- b Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and Institute of Digestive Disease , Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Xiqiang Cai
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Yulong Shang
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jinfeng Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Kaifeng Pan
- c Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University School of Oncology , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing , China
| | - Liping Sun
- d Tumor Etiology and Screening, Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- e Renji Hospital , Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- d Tumor Etiology and Screening, Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Weicheng You
- c Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University School of Oncology , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing , China
| | - Daiming Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
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33
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Platelet microparticles infiltrating solid tumors transfer miRNAs that suppress tumor growth. Blood 2017; 130:567-580. [PMID: 28500171 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-11-751099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) are associated with enhancement of metastasis and poor cancer outcomes. Circulating PMPs transfer platelet microRNAs (miRNAs) to vascular cells. Solid tumor vasculature is highly permeable, allowing the possibility of PMP-tumor cell interaction. Here, we show that PMPs infiltrate solid tumors in humans and mice and transfer platelet-derived RNA, including miRNAs, to tumor cells in vivo and in vitro, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. MiR-24 was a major species in this transfer. PMP transfusion inhibited growth of both lung and colon carcinoma ectopic tumors, whereas blockade of miR-24 in tumor cells accelerated tumor growth in vivo, and prevented tumor growth inhibition by PMPs. Conversely, Par4-deleted mice, which had reduced circulating microparticles (MPs), supported accelerated tumor growth which was halted by PMP transfusion. PMP targeting was associated with tumor cell apoptosis in vivo. We identified direct RNA targets of platelet-derived miR-24 in tumor cells, which included mitochondrial mt-Nd2, and Snora75, a noncoding small nucleolar RNA. These RNAs were suppressed in PMP-treated tumor cells, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and growth inhibition, in an miR-24-dependent manner. Thus, platelet-derived miRNAs transfer in vivo to tumor cells in solid tumors via infiltrating MPs, regulate tumor cell gene expression, and modulate tumor progression. These findings provide novel insight into mechanisms of horizontal RNA transfer and add multiple layers to the regulatory roles of miRNAs and PMPs in tumor progression. Plasma MP-mediated transfer of regulatory RNAs and modulation of gene expression may be a common feature with important outcomes in contexts of enhanced vascular permeability.
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34
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Chen Y, Yang X, Xu Y, Cao J, Chen L. Genomic analysis of drug resistant small cell lung cancer cell lines by combining mRNA and miRNA expression profiling. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4077-4084. [PMID: 28599409 PMCID: PMC5452998 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Etoposide (VP16) combined with cisplatin (DDP), as the first-line chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), regularly confers drug resistance. The present study applied complementary (c)DNA and micro (mi)RNA microarray to identify gene and miRNA expression profiles associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) in SCLC. The VP16/DDP (VP16 combined with DDP) resistant SCLC H446/EP cell line was derived from the parental H446 cell line by continuous exposure to increasing concentrations of etoposide and cisplatin. The mRNA and miRNA expression profiles between the resistant and parental SCLC cells were analyzed by Phalanx OneArray™ mRNA and miRNA microarray, and the results were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of 75 genes were downregulated whilst 40 genes were upregulated in the H446/EP cell line compared with the H446 cell line. The expression levels of 16 miRNAs were upregulated whilst 15 were downregulated in the H446/EP cell line compared with the H446 cell line. Expression profile studies indicate that the particular mRNA and miRNA alteration demonstrated in MDR of SCLC may provide potential biomolecular targets for MDR reversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yichen Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jiongrui Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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35
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Ding K, Wu Z, Wang N, Wang X, Wang Y, Qian P, Meng G, Tan S. MiR-26a performs converse roles in proliferation and metastasis of different gastric cancer cells via regulating of PTEN expression. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:467-475. [PMID: 28242043 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The exact molecular pathways in gastric cancer need for further study. We herein indicated miR-26a performed converse roles on oncogenicity in different gastric cancer cells. In gastric cancer cells MKN-28, miR-26a promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion. However, in gastric cancer cells AGS, miR-26a reduced cell proliferation and metastasis. PTEN was identified as a direct target of miR-26a. In MKN-28 cells, PTEN was suppressed by miR-26a through 3'-UTR, and PTEN mediated miR-26a promoting oncogenicity including cell proliferation and metastasis. On the other hand, in AGS cells, the expression of PTEN was enhanced by miR-26a, and PTEN mediated miR-26a reducing oncogenicity. The mechanism in AGS cells may be the indirect regulation of PTEN by miR-26a overcame the direct targeting regulation. The model like MKN-28 cells was concordant with patients with a high level of miR-26a and a low level of PTEN and patients with a low level of miR-26a and a high level of PTEN which showed lower overall survival (OS); the model like AGS cells was concordant with patients with both high level of miR-26a and PTEN and both low level of miR-26a and PTEN which showed higher OS. These findings will facilitate a better understanding of the functions and mechanisms about miR-26a, miR-26a and PTEN are potential combined biomarkers in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshuo Ding
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengsheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China; Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China; Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Meng
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sheng Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Z, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Liu B, Zhang K. miR-24 represses metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells by targeting Ack1 via AKT/MMPs pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:211-217. [PMID: 28189676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The expression levels of the protein tyrosine kinase Ack1 has been reported to be dysregulated in various cancers and involve in oncogenesis and progression. However, the expression and role of Ack1 in osteosarcoma remains unknown. In this study, we found that Ack1 were evidently upregulated in human osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. In addition, the clinical data showed that high expression level of Ack1 is closely associated with clinical stage and positive distant metastasis, and negatively correlated with overall survival. Then, bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assay indicated Ack1 as a direct target of miR-24, and Ack1 could be downregulated by miR-24 at both the mRNA and protein expression levels. Moreover, Ack1 expression levels were inversely correlated with that of miR-24 in osteosarcoma tissues. Furthermore, functional assay showed that miR-24 significantly suppressed osteosarcoma progression partially mediated by inhibiting Ack1 expression. Finally, western bolt assay revealed that miR-24 regulate AKT/MMPs pathway via Ack1 in osteosarcoma cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the suppression of miR-24 on osteosarcoma metastasis by targeting Ack1 via AKT/MMPs pathways, providing a novel strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Zhitao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Yuanjun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Kexiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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37
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miR clusters target cellular functional complexes by defining their degree of regulatory freedom. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2017; 35:289-322. [PMID: 26970968 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-016-9617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Using the two paralog miR-23∼27∼24 clusters as an example and combining experimental and clinical data in a systematical approach to microRNA (miR) function and dysregulation, a complex picture of their roles in cancer is drawn. Various findings appear to be contradictory to a larger extent and cannot be fully explained by the classical regulatory network models and feedback loops that are mainly considered by one-to-one regulatory interactions of the involved molecules. Here, we propose an extended model of the regulatory role of miRs that, at least, supplements the usually considered single/oligo-target regulation of certain miRs. The cellular availability of the participating miR members in this model reflects an upper hierarchy level of intracellular and extracellular environmental influences, such as neighboring cells, soluble factors, hypoxia, chemotherapeutic drugs, and irradiation, among others. The novel model is based on the understanding of cellular functional complexes, such as for apoptosis, migration, and proliferation. These complexes consist of many regulatory components that can be targeted by miR cluster members to a different extent but may affect the functional complex in different ways. We propose that the final miR-related effect is a result of the possible degree of regulatory freedom provided by the miR effects on the whole functional complex structure. This degree of regulatory freedom defines to which extent the cellular functional complex can react in response to regulatory triggers, also understood as sensitization (more regulatory response options) or de-sensitization (less regulatory response options) of the system rather than single molecules.
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Gong JP, Yang L, Tang JW, Sun P, Hu Q, Qin JW, Xu XM, Sun BC, Tang JH. Overexpression of microRNA-24 increases the sensitivity to paclitaxel in drug-resistant breast carcinoma cell lines via targeting ABCB9. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3905-3911. [PMID: 27895747 PMCID: PMC5104208 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel has been widely used in the treatment of breast cancer. However, the development of drug resistance often increases the failure of chemotherapy. Growing evidence has reported the significant role of microRNAs (miRs) in drug resistance. The present study identified that miR-24 was significantly downregulated in paclitaxel-resistant (PR) breast cancer patients and in MCF-7/PR human breast carcinoma cells, and that overexpression of miR-24 could increase the effect of paclitaxel on drug-resistant breast carcinoma cells. Furthermore, miR-24 could directly bind to the 3′-untranslated region of ATP binding cassette B9 to downregulate its expression, thereby reducing drug transportation and improving the anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel on breast cancer cells. In vivo experiments also demonstrated that overexpression of miR-24 could increase the sensitivity of drug-resistant MCF-7 cells to paclitaxel. In conclusion, the present results suggested a novel function for miR-24 in reducing paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer, which may be of important clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Gong
- Department of General Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of General Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Wei Tang
- Liver Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qing Hu
- Department of General Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Wei Qin
- Department of General Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Department of General Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Bei-Cheng Sun
- Liver Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hai Tang
- Department of General Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Yu B, Lv X, Su L, Li J, Yu Y, Gu Q, Yan M, Zhu Z, Liu B. MiR-148a Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Targeting CCK-BR via Inactivating STAT3 and Akt in Human Gastric Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158961. [PMID: 27518872 PMCID: PMC4982598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely accepted as a class of gene expression regulators which post-translationally regulate protein expression. These small noncoding RNAs have been proved closely involved in the modulation of various pathobiological processes in cancer. In this research, we demonstrated that miR-148a expression was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues in comparison with the matched normal mucosal tissues, and its expression was statistically associated with lymph node metastasis. Ectopic expression of miR-148a inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration in vitro, and inhibited tumor formation in vivo. Subsequently, we identified cholecystokinin B receptor (CCK-BR) as a direct target of miR-148a using western blot and luciferase activity assay. More importantly, siRNA-induced knockdown of CCK-BR elicited similar anti-oncogenic effects (decreased proliferation and migration) as those induced by enforced miR-148a expression. We also found that miR-148a-mediated anti-cancer effects are dependent on the inhibition of STAT3 and Akt activation, which subsequently regulates the pathways involved in cell proliferation and migration. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-148a serves as a tumor suppressor in human gastric carcinogenesis by targeting CCK-BR via inactivating STAT3 and Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiqin Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyan Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinlong Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingya Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Wang H, Hu L, Zang M, Zhang B, Duan Y, Fan Z, Li J, Su L, Yan M, Zhu Z, Liu B, Yang Q. REG4 promotes peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer through GPR37. Oncotarget 2016; 7:27874-88. [PMID: 27036049 PMCID: PMC5053694 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Being the major reason of recurrence and death after surgery, peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer dooms the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients. Regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 (REG4) is believed to promote peritoneal metastasis, however, its mechanism is still a moot point at present. In the present study, we show that high expression of REG4 correlates with advanced stage and poor survival prognosis for gastric cancer patients. REG4 overexpression significantly enhances peritoneal metastasis by increasing adhesion ability. Moreover, SP1 is proved to be a transcription factor of REG4 and induce REG4 expression upon TGF-alpha stimulation. Also, G protein-coupled receptor 37 (GPR37) is identified to be in the same complex of REG4, which mediates REG4's signal transduction and promotes peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer cell. Interestingly, we also discover a positive feedback loop triggered by REG4, amplifying itself through EGFR transactivation, consisting of GPR37, ADAM17, TGF-alpha, EGFR, SP1 and REG4. In conclusion, REG4 promotes peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer through GPR37 and triggers a positive feedback loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexiao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingde Zang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Baogui Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Department of Surgery, Jining 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantao Duan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingya Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiumeng Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
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Lynch SM, McKenna MM, Walsh CP, McKenna DJ. miR-24 regulates CDKN1B/p27 expression in prostate cancer. Prostate 2016; 76:637-48. [PMID: 26847530 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules with an important role in cancer. In prostate cancer, several miRNAs are expressed abnormally suggesting they may be useful markers for diagnosis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic intervention in this disease. However, the contribution of individual miRNAs to the development and progression of this disease remains poorly understood. This study investigated the role of miR-24, which has not been extensively studied in relation to prostate cancer. METHODS We used PCR to investigate the expression of miR-24 in a panel of prostate cancer cell-lines and in a series of clinical prostate biopsy specimens. The biological significance of miR-24 expression in prostate cancer cells was assessed by a series of in vitro bioassays and the effect on proposed targets p27 (CDKN1B) and p16 (CDK2NA) was investigated. RESULTS We showed that miR-24 expression was significantly lower in prostate cancer cell lines compared to a normal prostate epithelial cell line. Decreased expression of miR-24 was also more frequently observed in both needle core and prostatectomy tumor tissue relative to matched normal tissue. Low miR-24 expression correlated with high PSA serum levels and other markers of increased prostate cancer progression. Importantly, over-expression of miR-24 inhibited cell cycle, proliferation, migration, and clonogenic potential of prostate cancer cells, as well as inducing apoptosis. p27 and p16 were confirmed as targets of miR-24 in prostate cancer cells and a significant inverse correlation between miR-24 and p27 was revealed in clinical prostatectomy specimens. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence that miR-24 has a tumor suppressor role in prostate cancer and also targets p27 and p16 in prostate cancer cells. We propose that it may be a useful progression biomarker or focus of therapeutic intervention for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seodhna M Lynch
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Derry, United Kingdom
| | - Michael M McKenna
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Derry, United Kingdom
| | - Colum P Walsh
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Derry, United Kingdom
| | - Declan J McKenna
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Derry, United Kingdom
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42
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Jin M, Wu Y, Wang J, Chen J, Huang Y, Rao J, Feng C. MicroRNA-24 promotes 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation by directly targeting the MAPK7 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 474:76-82. [PMID: 27103442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the past years, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as a vital role in harmony with gene regulation and maintaining cellular homeostasis. It is well testified that miRNAshave been involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, including embryogenesis, cell fate decision, and cellular differentiation. Adipogenesis is an organized process of cellular differentiation by which pre-adipocytes differentiate towards mature adipocytes, and it is tightly modulated by a series of transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and sterol regulatory-element binding proteins 1 (SREBP1). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the connection between miRNAs and adipogenesis-related transcription factors remain obscure. In this study, we unveiled that miR- 24 was remarkably upregulated during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Overexpression of miR-24 significantly promoted 3T3-L1 adipogenesis, as evidenced by its ability to increase the expression of PPAR-γ and SREBP1, lipid droplet formation and triglyceride (TG) accumulation. Furthermore, we found that neither ectopic expression of miR-24nor miR-24 inhibitor affect cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. Finally, we demonstrated that miR-24 plays the modulational role by directly repressing MAPK7, a key number in the MAPK signaling pathway. These data indicate that miR-24 is a novel positive regulator of adipocyte differentiation by targeting MAPK7, which provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of miRNA-mediated cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin
- Division of Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88#, Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
| | - Yutao Wu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 288# Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 288# Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Division of Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88#, Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Yiting Huang
- Division of Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88#, Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Jinpeng Rao
- Division of Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88#, Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Chun Feng
- Division of Reproductive Medicine & Infertility, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88#, Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
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Mu YP, Sun WJ, Lu CW, Su XL. MicroRNAs May Serve as Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognostic Assessment or as Targets for Therapy in Gastric Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:4813-20. [PMID: 26163596 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.12.4813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers, with high incidences in East Asia countries. Most GC patients have been reported with low early diagnosis rate and show extremely poor prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel and more sensitive biomarkers to improve early diagnosis and therapy in order to provide longer survival and better quality of life for gastric cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in GC development and progression. miRNAs have emerged as a novel molecular biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy with surprising stability in tissues, serum or other body fluids. This review summarizes major advances in our current knowledge about potential miRNA biomarkers for GC that have been reported in the past two years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China E-mail : ;
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Duan Y, Gao Y, Zhang J, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Ji J, Zhang J, Chen X, Yang Q, Su L, Zhang J, Liu B, Zhu Z, Wang L, Yu Y. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 protects gastric mucosa cells against DNA damage caused by oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 93:165-76. [PMID: 26855420 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily and is involved with the metabolic processing of aldehydes. ALDH2 plays a cytoprotective role by removing aldehydes produced during normal metabolism. We examined the cytoprotective role of ALDH2 specifically in gastric mucosa cells. Overexpression of ALDH2 increased the viability of gastric mucosa cells treated with H2O2, while knockdown of ALDH2 had an opposite effect. Moreover, overexpression of ALDH2 protected gastric mucosa cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis as determined by flow cytometry, Hoechst 33342, and TUNEL assays. Consistently, ALDH2 knockdown had an opposite effect. Additionally, DNA damage was ameliorated in ALDH2-overexpressing gastric mucosa cells treated with H2O2. We further identified that this cytoprotective role of ALDH2 was mediated by metabolism of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Consistently, 4-HNE mimicked the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in gastric mucosa cells. Treatment with 4-HNE increased levels of DNA damage in ALDH2-knockdown GES-1 cells, while overexpression of ALDH2 decreased 4-HNE-induced DNA damage. These findings suggest that ALDH2 can protect gastric mucosa cells against DNA damage caused by oxidative stress by reducing levels of 4-HNE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Duan
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohui Gao
- Lab. of Translational Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No. 170 Xinsong Road, Shanghai 201199, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ji
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianian Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehua Chen
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiumeng Yang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Su
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingya Liu
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishun Wang
- Lab. of Translational Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No. 170 Xinsong Road, Shanghai 201199, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingyan Yu
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin er Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China.
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Kang M, Xiao J, Wang J, Zhou P, Wei T, Zhao T, Wang R. MiR-24 enhances radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting SP1. Cancer Med 2016; 5:1163-73. [PMID: 26922862 PMCID: PMC4924375 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance remains a major problem in the treatment of patients suffering from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A better understanding of the mechanisms of radioresistance may generate new strategies to improve NPC patients' responses to therapy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of microRNA on the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. A microRNA microarray indicated that miR‐24 was downregulated in NPC cell lines and tissues. Furthermore, cell proliferation was suppressed and radiosensitivity increased when miR‐24 was ectopically expressed in NPC cells. Specificity protein 1 (SP1) was additionally verified as a direct functional target of miR‐24, which was found to be involved in cell viability as well as the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the miR‐24/SP1 pathway contributed to the reduction in radioresistance in human NPC and that it may thus represent a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jingjian Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Pingting Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
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Meng D, Yang S, Wan X, Zhang Y, Huang W, Zhao P, Li T, Wang L, Huang Y, Li T, Li Y. A transcriptional target of androgen receptor, miR-421 regulates proliferation and metabolism of prostate cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 73:30-40. [PMID: 26827675 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and microRNAs have been recognized to be involved in tumorigenesis of various kinds of cancer including prostate cancer (PCa). Androgen receptor (AR) plays a core role in prostate cancer progression and is responsible for regulation of numerous downstream targets including microRNAs. This study identified an AR-repressed microRNA, miR-421, in prostate cancer. Expression of miR-421 was significantly suppressed by androgen treatment, and correlated to AR expression in different prostate cancer cell lines. Furthermore, androgen-activated AR could directly bind to androgen responsive element (ARE) of miR-421, as predicted by bioinformatics resources and demonstrated by ChIP and luciferase reporter assays. In addition, over-expression of miR-421 markedly supressed cell viability, delayed cell cycle, reduced glycolysis and inhibited migration in prostate cancer cells. According to the result of miR-421 target genes searching, we focused on 4 genes NRAS, PRAME, CUL4B and PFKFB2 based on their involvement in cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and metabolism. The expression of these 4 downstream targets were significantly repressed by miR-421, and the binding sites were verified by luciferase assay. Additionally, we explored the expression of miR-421 and its target genes in human prostate cancer tissues, both in shared microarray data and in our own cohort. Significant differential expression and inverse correlation were found in PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuechao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiqing Zhao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianqing Wang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shangdong Province, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shangdong Province, China.
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Li NA, Wang W, Xu B, Gong H. miR-196b regulates gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1745-1749. [PMID: 26998071 PMCID: PMC4774536 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-196b plays a significant role in the regulation of tumor pathogenesis and progression by promoting tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. In order to explore the effects of miR-196b on the proliferation and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells and the involved mechanisms, in the present study the lentivirus expression vector miR-196b was constructed and transfected into the human gastric cancer cell line MKN28. The cell proliferation and invasion ability were observed and the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR protein and mRNA were analyzed following upregulation of the expression of miR-196b. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) results revealed that the proliferation of MKN28 cells was notably increased following upregulation of the expression of miR-196b (P<0.01). Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that miR-196b decreased the ratios of cells in the GO/G1 stage but increased the ratios in S and G2 stage (P<0.05). Furthermore, the cell clone formation and trans-membrane rates were increased following upregulation of the expression of miR-196b (P<0.01). The nude mouse tumor growth test revealed that tumor growth was more rapid following upregulation of the expression of miR-196b. The expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR protein and mRNA were increased following upregulation of the expression of miR-196b. We concluded that upregulation of miR-196b promotes the proliferation and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Weiqiang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, 281st Hospital of the PLA, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066100, P.R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Hongyun Gong
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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48
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Li YQ, Lu JH, Bao XM, Wang XF, Wu JH, Hong WQ. MiR-24 functions as a tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through targeting FSCN1. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:130. [PMID: 26503504 PMCID: PMC4621856 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence indicates that the dysregulation of miRNAs expression is involved in the tumorigenesis by acting as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. However, no study investigates the function and mechanisms of miR-24 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Quantitative RT-PCR, MTT, colony formation, soft-agar, wound healing, Transwell migration and invasion assays, and xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis models were performed to test the expression levels and functions of miR-24 in NPC. Luciferase reporter assay, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to identify and verify the target of miR-24. Results The results showed that MiR-24 was obviously downregulated in NPC cell lines and tissue samples (P < 0.05). Ectopic expression of miR-24 inhibited the cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro (all P < 0.05), and suppressed the xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis formation in vivo (all P < 0.05). Fascin homologue 1 (FSCN1) was verified as a direct target of miR-24, and silencing FSCN1 expression with small interfering RNA inhibited NPC cell proliferation and invasion (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Overall, miR-24 acts as a novel tumor suppressor in the development and progression of NPC through targeting FSCN1, which providing new insight into the mechanisms of NPC carcinogenesis and suggesting the possibility of miR-24 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qing Li
- Guangzhou First People's hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, PR China.
| | - Jian-Hua Lu
- Guangzhou First People's hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, PR China
| | - Xue-Ming Bao
- Guangzhou First People's hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, PR China
| | - Xi-Fu Wang
- Guangzhou First People's hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, PR China
| | - Jun-Hua Wu
- Guangzhou First People's hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, PR China
| | - Wei-Qiang Hong
- Guangzhou First People's hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, PR China
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Yang Q, Zhang RW, Sui PC, He HT, Ding L. Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10956-10981. [PMID: 26494954 PMCID: PMC4607897 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i39.10956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and a significant threat to the health of patients, especially those from China and Japan. The prognosis for patients with late stage GC receiving the standard of care treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, remains poor. Developing novel treatment strategies, identifying new molecules for targeted therapy, and devising screening techniques to detect this cancer in its early stages are needed for GC patients. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), primarily microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), helped to elucidate the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, diagnosis and treatment of GC. Recently, significant research has been conducted on non-coding RNAs and how the regulatory dysfunction of these RNAs impacts the tumorigenesis of GC. In this study, we review papers published in the last five years concerning the dysregulation of non-coding RNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, in GC. We summarize instances of aberrant expression of the ncRNAs in GC and their effect on survival-related events, including cell cycle regulation, AKT signaling, apoptosis and drug resistance. Additionally, we evaluate how ncRNA dysregulation affects the metastatic process, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem cells, transcription factor activity, and oncogene and tumor suppressor expression. Lastly, we determine how ncRNAs affect angiogenesis in the microenvironment of GC. We further discuss the use of ncRNAs as potential biomarkers for use in clinical screening, early diagnosis and prognosis of GC. At present, no ideal ncRNAs have been identified as targets for the treatment of GC.
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Chen JT, Yao KH, Hua L, Zhang LP, Wang CY, Zhang JJ. MiR-338-3p inhibits the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells by targeting ADAM17. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:10922-10928. [PMID: 26617808 PMCID: PMC4637623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNA) have been documented playing a critical role in cancer progression. Although miR-338-3p has been implicated in several cancers, its role in gastric cancer is still unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of miR-338-3p in gastric cancer progression. METHODS Expression levels of miR-338-3p in gastric cancer cell lines and tissues were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The effect of miR-338-3p on proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, cell migration and invasion were evaluated by transwell migration and invasion assays. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the target gene of miR-338-3p, and the results were validated in gastric cancer cells. RESULTS In the present study, we found that miR-338-3p was down-regulated in both gastric cancer cell lines and tissues. Enforced expression of miR-338-3p inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells in vitro. Moreover, we identified A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) gene as potential target of miR-338-3p. Importantly, ADAM17 rescued the miR-338-3p mediated inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that miR-338-3p is significantly decreased in gastric cancer, and inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion partially via the downregulation of ADAM17. Thus, miR-338-3p may represent a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Tao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of HeNan University Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Kun-Hou Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of HeNan University Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Long Hua
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of HeNan University Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhang
- Operating Room, Huaihe Hospital of HeNan University Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of HeNan University Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of HeNan University Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
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