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Axemaker H, Plesselova S, Calar K, Jorgensen M, Wollman J, de la Puente P. Reprogramming of normal fibroblasts into ovarian cancer-associated fibroblasts via non-vesicular paracrine signaling induces an activated fibroblast phenotype. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119801. [PMID: 39038611 PMCID: PMC11365755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key contributors to ovarian cancer (OC) progression and therapeutic resistance through dysregulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). CAFs are a heterogenous population derived from different cell types through activation and reprogramming. Current studies rely on uncharacterized heterogenous primary CAFs or normal fibroblasts that fail to recapitulate CAF-like tumor behavior. Here, we present that conditioned media from ovarian cancer lines leads to an increase in the activated state of fibroblasts demonstrated by functional assays and up-regulation of known CAF-related genes and ECM pathways. Phenotypic and functional characterization demonstrated that the conditioned CAFs expressed a CAF-like phenotype, strengthened proliferation, secretory, contractility, and ECM remodeling properties when compared to resting normal fibroblasts, consistent with an activated fibroblast status. Moreover, conditioned CAFs significantly enhanced drug resistance and tumor progression. Critically, the conditioned CAFs resemble a transcriptional signature with involvement of ECM remodeling. The present study provides mechanistic and functional insights about the activation and reprogramming of CAFs in the ovarian tumor microenvironment mediated by non-vesicular paracrine signaling. Moreover, it provides a translational based approach to reprogram normal fibroblasts from both uterine and ovarian origin into CAFs using tumor-derived conditioned media. Using these resources, further development of therapeutics that possess potentiality and specificity towards CAF/ECM-mediated chemoresistance in OC are further warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey Axemaker
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Simona Plesselova
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Kristin Calar
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Megan Jorgensen
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Jared Wollman
- Flow Cytometry Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Pilar de la Puente
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; Flow Cytometry Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA; Department of Surgery, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.
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Ryu J, Boylan KLM, Twigg CAI, Evans R, Skubitz APN, Thomas SN. Quantification of putative ovarian cancer serum protein biomarkers using a multiplexed targeted mass spectrometry assay. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:1. [PMID: 38172678 PMCID: PMC10762856 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in women, and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common subtype. Currently, no clinical test has been approved by the FDA to screen the general population for ovarian cancer. This underscores the critical need for the development of a robust methodology combined with novel technology to detect diagnostic biomarkers for HGSOC in the sera of women. Targeted mass spectrometry (MS) can be used to identify and quantify specific peptides/proteins in complex biological samples with high accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. In this study, we sought to develop and conduct analytical validation of a multiplexed Tier 2 targeted MS parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assay for the relative quantification of 23 putative ovarian cancer protein biomarkers in sera. METHODS To develop a PRM method for our target peptides in sera, we followed nationally recognized consensus guidelines for validating fit-for-purpose Tier 2 targeted MS assays. The endogenous target peptide concentrations were calculated using the calibration curves in serum for each target peptide. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the biomarker candidates. RESULTS We describe an effort to develop and analytically validate a multiplexed Tier 2 targeted PRM MS assay to quantify candidate ovarian cancer protein biomarkers in sera. Among the 64 peptides corresponding to 23 proteins in our PRM assay, 24 peptides corresponding to 16 proteins passed the assay validation acceptability criteria. A total of 6 of these peptides from insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IBP2), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and TIMP metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) were quantified in sera from a cohort of 69 patients with early-stage HGSOC, late-stage HGSOC, benign ovarian conditions, and healthy (non-cancer) controls. Confirming the results from previously published studies using orthogonal analytical approaches, IBP2 was identified as a diagnostic biomarker candidate based on its significantly increased abundance in the late-stage HGSOC patient sera compared to the healthy controls and patients with benign ovarian conditions. CONCLUSIONS A multiplexed targeted PRM MS assay was applied to detect candidate diagnostic biomarkers in HGSOC sera. To evaluate the clinical utility of the IBP2 PRM assay for HGSOC detection, further studies need to be performed using a larger patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohyun Ryu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kristin L M Boylan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Carly A I Twigg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Richard Evans
- Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Amy P N Skubitz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stefani N Thomas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Karimi F, Dinarvand N, Sabaghan M, Azadbakht O, Ataee S, Kharazinejad E, Moazamfard M. Diabetes and ovarian cancer: risk factors, molecular mechanisms and impact on prognosis. Endocrine 2024; 83:1-9. [PMID: 37552417 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Diabetes mellitus has been linked to a lower rate of cancer survival and an increase in the incidence of most malignancies. Investigations showed that diabetes might affect ovarian cancer (OC) prognosis and survival. Based on the current information, this study intends to review the risk factors, molecular pathways, and impact of diabetes on OC. METHODS The data was derived from online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria were original studies, which included the risk factors, molecular mechanisms, and impact of diabetes on OC. The effect of different antidiabetic drugs was also discussed in this manuscript. All of the clinical, in vivo, and in vitro studies were included in the present study. RESULTS The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus negatively affects the survival and prognosis in OC cases. The epidemiologic data shows that the risk of OC increases in patients with diabetes mellitus compared to the healthy population. Insulin-like growth factors family was raised in diabetic patients, which target several mechanisms, including targeting oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and tumor markers. Antidiabetic drugs such as metformin, sitagliptin, and rosiglitazone have a promising effect on elongation of survival and enhancement of prognosis in OC patients. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for OC in women, and it negatively impacts survival and prognosis. Molecular mechanisms such as IGF family, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines have been identified to explain this relationship. Antidiabetic drugs like metformin, sitagliptin, and rosiglitazone have shown promise in improving survival and prognosis of OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Karimi
- Department of Physiology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Negar Dinarvand
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sabaghan
- Department of Parasiotology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Omid Azadbakht
- Department of Radiology Technology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Shima Ataee
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kharazinejad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Moazamfard
- Instructor of Operating Room, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
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4
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Hjortebjerg R, Kristiansen MR, Brandslund I, Aa Olsen D, Stidsen JV, Nielsen JS, Frystyk J. Associations between insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 and insulin sensitivity, metformin, and mortality in persons with T2D. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 205:110977. [PMID: 37890435 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) is low in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and possibly regulated by metformin. Counter-intuitively, high IGFBP-2 associates with mortality. We investigated the association between IGFBP-2, metformin-treatment, and indices of insulin sensitivity, and assessed IGFBP-2 in relation to prior comorbidity and mortality during five-year follow-up. METHODS The study included 859 treatment-naive and 558 metformin-treated persons enrolled in the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in T2D and followed for 4.9 (3.9-5.9) years through national health registries. All proteins were determined in serum collected at enrollment. RESULTS Following adjustment for age, metformin-treated and treatment-naive persons has similar IGFBP-2 levels. Low IGFBP-2 level was associated with increased BMI, fasting glucose, and C-peptide. IGFBP-2 was higher in the 437 persons who had comorbidities at enrollment than in those with T2D only (343 (213;528) vs. 242 (169;378) ng/mL). During follow-up, 87 persons died, and IGFBP-2 predicted mortality with an unadjusted HR (95% CI) per doubling in IGFBP-2 concentration of 2.62 (2.04;3.37) and a HR of 2.21 (1.61;3.01) following full adjustment. CONCLUSIONS In T2D, high IGFBP-2 associates with low glucose and insulin secretion, is unaffected by metformin treatment, and associates with risk of prior comorbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Hjortebjerg
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Endocrine Research Unit, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Maja R Kristiansen
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2), Odense, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Dorte Aa Olsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Jacob V Stidsen
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Endocrine Research Unit, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jens S Nielsen
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2), Odense, Denmark
| | - Jan Frystyk
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Endocrine Research Unit, Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Wang Y, Huang P, Wang BG, Murdock T, Cope L, Hsu FC, Wang TL, Shih IM. Spatial Transcriptomic Analysis of Ovarian Cancer Precursors Reveals Reactivation of IGFBP2 during Pathogenesis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4528-4541. [PMID: 36206311 PMCID: PMC9808976 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the earliest pathogenic steps in cancer development is fundamental to improving its early detection and prevention. Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), a highly aggressive cancer, mostly originates from the fallopian tube epithelium through a precursor stage, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). In this study, we performed spatial transcriptomic analysis to compare STICs, carcinoma, and their matched normal fallopian tube epithelium. Several differentially expressed genes in STICs and carcinomas were involved in cancer metabolism and detected in a larger independent transcriptomic dataset of ovarian HGSCs. Among these, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP2) was found to undergo DNA hypomethylation and to be increased at the protein level in STICs. Pyrosequencing revealed an association of IGFBP2 expression with the methylation state of its proximal enhancer, and 5-azacytidine treatment increased IGFBP2 expression. In postmenopausal fallopian tubes, where most STICs are detected, IGFBP2 immunoreactivity was detected in all 38 proliferatively active STICs but was undetectable in morphologically normal tubal epithelia, including those with TP53 mutations. In premenopausal fallopian tubes, IGFBP2 expression was limited to the secretory epithelium at the proliferative phase, and estradiol treatment increased IGFBP2 expression levels. IGFBP2 knockdown suppressed the growth of IGFBP2-expressing tubal epithelial cells via inactivation of the AKT pathway. Taken together, demethylation of the proximal enhancer of IGFBP2 drives tumor development by maintaining the increased IGFBP2 required for proliferation in an otherwise estrogen-deprived, proliferation-quiescent, and postmenopausal tubal microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE Molecular studies of the earliest precursor lesions of ovarian cancer reveal a role of IGFBP2 in propelling tumor initiation, providing new insights into ovarian cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeh Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peng Huang
- Biostatistics Division, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brant G. Wang
- Department of Pathology, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Tricia Murdock
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Leslie Cope
- Biostatistics Division, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Hossen MN, Wang L, Dwivedi SKD, Zhang Y, Rao G, Elechalwar CK, Sheth V, Dey A, Asfa S, Gulla SK, Xu C, Fung K, Robertson JD, Bieniasz M, Wilhelm S, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P. Gold Nanoparticles Disrupt the IGFBP2/mTOR/PTEN Axis to Inhibit Ovarian Cancer Growth. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200491. [PMID: 36104215 PMCID: PMC9631030 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
By exploiting the self-therapeutic properties of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) a molecular axis that promotes the growth of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), one of the deadliest gynecologic malignancies with poorly understood underlying molecular mechanisms, has been identified. The biodistribution and toxicity of GNPs administered by intravenous or intraperitoneal injection, both as a single dose or by repeated dosing over two weeks are first assessed; no biochemical or histological toxicity to vital organs is found. Using an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of HGSOC, the authors then show that GNP treatment robustly inhibits tumor growth. Investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the GNP efficacy reveals that GNPs downregulate insulin growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) by disrupting its autoregulation via the IGFBP2/mTOR/PTEN axis. This mechanism is validated by treating a cell line-based human xenograft tumor with GNPs and an mTOR dual-kinase inhibitor (PI-103), either individually or in combination with GNPs; GNP and PI-103 combination therapy inhibit ovarian tumor growth similarly to GNPs alone. This report illustrates how the self-therapeutic properties of GNPs can be exploited as a discovery tool to identify a critical signaling axis responsible for poor prognosis in ovarian cancer and provides an opportunity to interrogate the axis to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Nazir Hossen
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical SciencesCalifornia Northstate College of PharmacyElk GroveCAUSA
| | - Lin Wang
- Aging and Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOK 73104USA
| | - Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Yushan Zhang
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Geeta Rao
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Chandra Kumar Elechalwar
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Vinit Sheth
- Stephenson School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of OklahomaNormanOklahoma73019USA
| | - Anindya Dey
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Sima Asfa
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Suresh Kumar Gulla
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Chao Xu
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyHudson College of Public HealthUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Kar‐Ming Fung
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - J. David Robertson
- Department of Chemistry and University of Missouri Research ReactorUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouri65211United States
| | - Magdalena Bieniasz
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Aging and Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOK 73104USA
| | - Stefan Wilhelm
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Stephenson School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of OklahomaNormanOklahoma73019USA
- Institute for Biomedical EngineeringScienceand Technology (IBEST)NormanOklahoma73019USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma73104USA
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Tondo-Steele K, McLean K. The “Sweet Spot” of Targeting Tumor Metabolism in Ovarian Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194696. [PMID: 36230617 PMCID: PMC9562887 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to explore the metabolomic environment of epithelial ovarian cancer that contributes to chemoresistance and to use this knowledge to identify possible targets for therapeutic intervention. The Warburg effect describes increased glucose uptake and lactate production in cancer cells. In ovarian cancer, we require a better understanding of how cancer cells reprogram their glycogen metabolism to overcome their nutrient deficient environment and become chemoresistant. Glucose metabolism in ovarian cancer cells has been proposed to be influenced by altered fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and acidification of the tumor microenvironment. We investigate several markers of altered metabolism in ovarian cancer including hypoxia-induced factor 1, VEGF, leptin, insulin-like growth factors, and glucose transporters. We also discuss the signaling pathways involved with these biomarkers including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT and OXPHOS. This review outlines potential metabolic targets to overcome chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Continued research of the metabolic changes in ovarian cancer is needed to identify and target these alterations to improve treatment approaches.
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Masuo K, Chen R, Yogo A, Sugiyama A, Fukuda A, Masui T, Uemoto S, Seno H, Takaishi S. SNAIL2 contributes to tumorigenicity and chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer by regulating IGFBP2. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4987-4999. [PMID: 34628696 PMCID: PMC8645768 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has an extremely poor prognosis because of its resistance to conventional therapies. Cancer stem cell (CSC)-targeted therapy is considered a promising approach for this disease. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs) contribute to CSC properties in some solid tumors; however, this mechanism has not been fully elucidated in pancreatic cancer. Zinc finger protein, SNAIL2 (also known as SLUG), is a member of the SNAIL superfamily of EMT-TFs and is commonly overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. Patients exhibiting high SNAIL2 expression have a poor prognosis. In this study, we showed that the suppression of SNAIL2 expression using RNA interference decreased tumorigenicity in vitro (sphere formation assay) and in vivo (xenograft assay) in 2 pancreatic cancer cell lines, KLM1 and KMP5. In addition, SNAIL2 suppression resulted in increased sensitivity to gemcitabine and reduced the expression of CD44, a pancreatic CSC marker. Moreover, experiments on tumor spheroids established from surgically resected pancreatic cancer tissues yielded similar results. A microarray analysis revealed that the mechanism was mediated by insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein 2. These results indicate that IGFBP2 regulated by SNAIL2 may represent an effective therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Masuo
- DSK ProjectMedical Innovation CenterGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Ru Chen
- DSK ProjectMedical Innovation CenterGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Akitada Yogo
- DSK ProjectMedical Innovation CenterGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery and TransplantationGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Aiko Sugiyama
- DSK ProjectMedical Innovation CenterGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Akihisa Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Toshihiko Masui
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery and TransplantationGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Shinji Uemoto
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery and TransplantationGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Shigeo Takaishi
- DSK ProjectMedical Innovation CenterGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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9
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Cecil DL, Liao JB, Dang Y, Coveler AL, Kask A, Yang Y, Childs JS, Higgins DM, Disis ML. Immunization with a Plasmid DNA Vaccine Encoding the N-Terminus of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 in Advanced Ovarian Cancer Leads to High-level Type I Immune Responses. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6405-6412. [PMID: 34526360 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer vaccines targeting nonmutated proteins elicit limited type I T-cell responses and can generate regulatory and type II T cells. Class II epitopes that selectively elicit type I or type II cytokines can be identified in nonmutated cancer-associated proteins. In mice, a T-helper I (Th1) selective insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) N-terminus vaccine generated high levels of IFNγ secreting T cells, no regulatory T cells, and significant antitumor activity. We conducted a phase I trial of T-helper 1 selective IGFBP-2 vaccination in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS Twenty-five patients were enrolled. The IGFBP-2 N-terminus plasmid-based vaccine was administered monthly for 3 months. Toxicity was graded by NCI criteria and antigen-specific T cells measured by IFNγ/IL10 ELISPOT. T-cell diversity and phenotype were assessed. RESULTS The vaccine was well tolerated, with 99% of adverse events graded 1 or 2, and generated high levels of IGFBP-2 IFNγ secreting T cells in 50% of patients. Both Tbet+ CD4 (P = 0.04) and CD8 (P = 0.007) T cells were significantly increased in immunized patients. There was no increase in GATA3+ CD4 or CD8, IGFBP-2 IL10 secreting T cells, or regulatory T cells. A significant increase in T-cell clonality occurred in immunized patients (P = 0.03, pre- vs. post-vaccine) and studies showed the majority of patients developed epitope spreading within IGFBP-2 and/or to other antigens. Vaccine nonresponders were more likely to have preexistent IGFBP-2 specific immunity and demonstrated defects in CD4 T cells, upregulation of PD-1, and downregulation of genes associated with T-cell activation, after immunization. CONCLUSIONS IGFBP-2 N-terminus Th1 selective vaccination safely induces type I T cells without evidence of regulatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise L Cecil
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - John B Liao
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yushe Dang
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Andrew L Coveler
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Angela Kask
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yi Yang
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jennifer S Childs
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Doreen M Higgins
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mary L Disis
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
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10
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Sidorkiewicz I, Jóźwik M, Niemira M, Krętowski A. Insulin Resistance and Endometrial Cancer: Emerging Role for microRNA. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2559. [PMID: 32911852 PMCID: PMC7563767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) remains one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system. Epidemiological and clinical data implicate insulin resistance (IR) and its accompanying hyperinsulinemia as key factors in the development of EC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short molecules of non-coding endogenous RNA that function as post-transcriptional regulators. Accumulating evidence has shown that the miRNA expression pattern is also likely to be associated with EC risk factors. The aim of this work was the verification of the relationships between IR, EC, and miRNA, and, as based on the literature data, elucidation of miRNA's potential utility for EC prevention in IR patients. The pathways affected in IR relate to the insulin receptors, insulin-like growth factors and their receptors, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, sex hormone-binding globulin, and estrogens. Herein, we present and discuss arguments for miRNAs as a plausible molecular link between IR and EC development. Specifically, our careful literature search indicated that dysregulation of at least 13 miRNAs has been ascribed to both conditions. We conclude that there is a reasonable possibility for miRNAs to become a predictive factor of future EC in IR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Maciej Jóźwik
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
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11
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Thomas D, Radhakrishnan P. Role of Tumor and Stroma-Derived IGF/IGFBPs in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1228. [PMID: 32414222 PMCID: PMC7281733 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the utmost stroma-rich cancer, which is accompanied by fibrotic reactions that stimulate interactions between tumor cells and stroma to promote tumor progression. Considerable research evidence denotes that insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) signaling axis facilitate tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance, and thereby facilitate PC into an advanced stage. The six members of IGFBPs were initially considered as passive carriers of free IGFs; however, current evidence revealed their functions beyond the endocrine role in IGF transport. Though numerous efforts have been made in blocking IGF/IGFBPs, the targeted therapies remain unsuccessful due to the complexity of tumor-stromal interactions in the pancreas. In this review, we explore the emerging evidence of the various roles of the tumor as well as stroma derived IGF/IGFBPs and highlight as a novel therapeutic target against PC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Thomas
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA;
| | - Prakash Radhakrishnan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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12
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IGFBP2: integrative hub of developmental and oncogenic signaling network. Oncogene 2020; 39:2243-2257. [PMID: 31925333 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) was discovered and identified as an IGF system regulator, controlling the distribution, function, and activity of IGFs in the pericellular space. IGFBP2 is a developmentally regulated gene that is highly expressed in embryonic and fetal tissues and markedly decreases after birth. Studies over the last decades have shown that in solid tumors, IGFBP2 is upregulated and promotes several key oncogenic processes, such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cellular migration, invasion, angiogenesis, stemness, transcriptional activation, and epigenetic programming via signaling that is often independent of IGFs. Growing evidence indicates that aberrant expression of IGFBP2 in cancer acts as a hub of an oncogenic network, integrating multiple cancer signaling pathways and serving as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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13
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Gheysarzadeh A, Bakhtiari H, Ansari A, Emami Razavi A, Emami MH, Mofid MR. The insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and its death receptor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma poor prognosis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23537-23546. [PMID: 31165486 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and its newly discovered death receptor (IGFBP-3R) have been reported to involve in a wide variety of cancers. However, their role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been elucidated yet. Here, 478 pancreatic cancers were screened for primary PDAC tumors. The samples were evaluated using quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry staining. The results indicated that relative IGFBP-3 mRNA expression and its protein level were reduced stage dependently in the PDAC tumors (p < .001 and p < .05, respectively). The subcellular distribution of IGFBP-3 was mainly nuclear only in Stage 0 + 1 (about 150% compared to adjacent normal tissues [p < .05]). The value for IGFBP-3R messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein were also reduced in tumors in compared to adjacent normal pancreatic tissues (p < .05). The Kaplan-Meier analysis also showed that mRNA expression of IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-3R was positively associated with survival, (p = .001). In addition, there is a strong association between low expression of IGFBP-3 and tumor size (p = .032), the lymphatic invasion (p = .001), the TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) staging (p = .001), tumor differentiation (p = .001), and PNI status (p = .021). Down-regulation of IGFBP-3R was also correlated with the tumor size (p = .01), the lymphatic invasion (p = .012) TNM staging (p = .001), tumor differentiation (p = .021) and PNI status (p = .038). In conclusion, IGFBP-3 and its receptor were down-regulated and their expression was associated with poor prognosis of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Gheysarzadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hadi Bakhtiari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Ansari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirnader Emami Razavi
- Iran National Tumor Bank, Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Emami
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Mofid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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14
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Trudel D, Avarvarei LM, Orain M, Turcotte S, Plante M, Grégoire J, Kappelhoff R, Labbé DP, Bachvarov D, Têtu B, Overall CM, Bairati I. Proteases and their inhibitors as prognostic factors for high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152369. [PMID: 30987833 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma is one of the most lethal malignancies, but only very few prognostic biomarkers are known. The degradome, comprising proteases, protease non-proteolytic homologues and inhibitors, have been involved in the prognosis of many cancer types, including ovarian carcinoma. The prognostic significance of the whole degradome family has not been specifically studied in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. A targeted DNA microarray known as the CLIP-CHIP microarray was used to identify potential prognostic factors in ten high-grade serous ovarian cancer women who had early recurrence (<1.6 years) or late/no recurrence after first line surgery and chemotherapy. In women with early recurrence, we identified seven upregulated genes (TMPRSS4, MASP1/3, SPC18, PSMB1, IGFBP2, CFI - encoding Complement Factor I - and MMP9) and one down-regulated gene (ADAM-10). Using immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the prognostic effect of these 8 candidate genes in an independent cohort of 112 high-grade serous ovarian cancer women. Outcomes were progression, defined according to CA-125 criteria, and death. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were done to estimate the associations between each protein and each outcome. High ADAM-10 expression (intensity of 2-3) was associated with a lower risk of progression (adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29-0.87). High complement factor I expression (intensity 2-3) was associated with a higher risk of progression (adjusted HR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.17-4.53) and death (adjusted HR: 3.42; 95% CI: 1.72-6.79). Overall, we identified the prognostic value of two proteases, ADAM-10 and complement factor I, for high-grade serous ovarian cancer which could have clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Trudel
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)/ Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 3O4, Canada; Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada; Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada.
| | - Luminita-Mihaela Avarvarei
- Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Michèle Orain
- Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Stéphane Turcotte
- Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Marie Plante
- Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada; Gynecologic Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Jean Grégoire
- Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada; Gynecologic Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Reinhild Kappelhoff
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - David P Labbé
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Dimcho Bachvarov
- Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Bernard Têtu
- Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada; Anatomic Pathology and Cytology Department, Hôpital du St-Sacrement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Laval University, Québec, QC, G1S 4L8, Canada
| | - Christopher M Overall
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Isabelle Bairati
- Laval University Cancer Research Center and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
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15
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Xia Y, Cai TT, Li H. Joint testing and false discovery rate control in high-dimensional multivariate regression. Biometrika 2019; 105:249-269. [PMID: 30799872 DOI: 10.1093/biomet/asx085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multivariate regression with high-dimensional covariates has many applications in genomic and genetic research, in which some covariates are expected to be associated with multiple responses. This paper considers joint testing for regression coefficients over multiple responses and develops simultaneous testing methods with false discovery rate control. The test statistic is based on inverse regression and bias-corrected group lasso estimates of the regression coefficients and is shown to have an asymptotic chi-squared null distribution. A row-wise multiple testing procedure is developed to identify the covariates associated with the responses. The procedure is shown to control the false discovery proportion and false discovery rate at a prespecified level asymptotically. Simulations demonstrate the gain in power, relative to entrywise testing, in detecting the covariates associated with the responses. The test is applied to an ovarian cancer dataset to identify the microRNA regulators that regulate protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Xia
- Department of Statistics, School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - T Tony Cai
- Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
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16
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Linking type 2 diabetes and gynecological cancer: an introductory overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 56:1413-1425. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease with a growing prevalence and a leading cause of death in many countries. Several epidemiological studies observed an association between T2D and increased risk of many types of cancer, such as gynecologic neoplasms (endometrial, cervical, ovarian and vulvar cancer). Insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and high free ovarian steroid hormones are considered the possible mechanisms behind this complex relationship. A higher risk of endometrial cancer was observed in T2D, even though this association largely attenuated after adjusting for obesity. A clear relationship between the incidence of cervical cancer (CC) and T2D has still not be determined; however T2D might have an impact on prognosis in patients with CC. To date, studies on the association between T2D and ovarian cancer (OC) are limited. The effect of pre-existing diabetes on cancer-specific mortality has been evaluated in several studies, with less clear results. Other epidemiological and experimental studies focused on the potential role of diabetes medications, mainly metformin, in cancer development in women. The correct understanding of the link between T2D and gynecologic cancer risk and mortality is currently imperative to possibly modify screening and diagnostic-therapeutic protocols in the future.
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17
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Minlikeeva AN, Moysich KB, Mayor PC, Etter JL, Cannioto RA, Ness RB, Starbuck K, Edwards RP, Segal BH, Lele S, Odunsi K, Diergaarde B, Modugno F. Anthropometric characteristics and ovarian cancer risk and survival. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:201-212. [PMID: 29327114 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple studies have examined the role of anthropometric characteristics in ovarian cancer risk and survival; however, their results have been conflicting. We investigated the associations between weight change, height and height change and risk and outcome of ovarian cancer using data from a large population-based case-control study. METHODS Data from 699 ovarian cancer cases and 1,802 controls who participated in the HOPE study were included. We used unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, race, number of pregnancies, use of oral contraceptives, and family history of breast or ovarian cancer to examine the associations between self-reported height and weight and height change with ovarian cancer risk. Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age and stage were used to examine the association between the exposure variables and overall and progression-free survival among ovarian cancer cases. RESULTS We observed an increased risk of ovarian cancer mortality and progression for gaining more than 20 pounds between ages 18-30, HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.05-1.76, and HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.04-1.66, respectively. Losing weight and gaining it back multiple times was inversely associated with both ovarian cancer risk, OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.63-0.97 for 1-4 times and OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.54-0.99 for 5-9 times, and mortality, HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.40-0.99 for 10-14 times. Finally, being taller during adolescence and adulthood was associated with increased risk of mortality. Taller stature and weight gain over lifetime were not related to ovarian cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that height and weight and their change over time may influence ovarian cancer risk and survival. These findings suggest that biological mechanisms underlying these associations may be hormone driven and may play an important role in relation to ovarian carcinogenesis and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albina N Minlikeeva
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, A-352 Carlton House, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, A-352 Carlton House, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
| | - Paul C Mayor
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John L Etter
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, A-352 Carlton House, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Rikki A Cannioto
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, A-352 Carlton House, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Roberta B Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristen Starbuck
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Womens Cancer Research Program, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brahm H Segal
- Department of Medicine and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sashikant Lele
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Womens Cancer Research Program, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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18
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Gao S, Sun Y, Zhang X, Hu L, Liu Y, Chua CY, Phillips LM, Ren H, Fleming JB, Wang H, Chiao PJ, Hao J, Zhang W. IGFBP2 Activates the NF-κB Pathway to Drive Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Invasive Character in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2016; 76:6543-6554. [PMID: 27659045 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The molecular basis underlying the particularly aggressive nature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) still remains unclear. Here we report evidence that the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein IGFBP2 acts as a potent oncogene to drive its extremely malignant character. We found that elevated IGFBP2 expression in primary tumors was associated with lymph node metastasis and shorter survival in patients with PDAC. Enforced expression of IGFBP2 promoted invasion and metastasis of PDAC cells in vitro and in vivo by inducing NF-κB-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistic investigations revealed that IGFBP2 induced the nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of the p65 NF-κB subunit through the PI3K/Akt/IKKβ pathway. Conversely, enforced expression of PTEN blunted this signaling pathway and restored an epithelial phenotype to PDAC cells in the presence of overexpressed IGFBP2. Overall, our results identify IGFBP2 as a pivotal regulator of an EMT axis in PDAC, the activation of which is sufficient to confer the characteristically aggressive clinical features of this disease. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6543-54. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Pancreatic Carcinoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Limei Hu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuexin Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Corrine Yingxuan Chua
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lynette M Phillips
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - He Ren
- Department of Pancreatic Carcinoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jason B Fleming
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul J Chiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Carcinoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Cancer Biology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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19
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Myers AL, Lin L, Nancarrow DJ, Wang Z, Ferrer-Torres D, Thomas DG, Orringer MB, Lin J, Reddy RM, Beer DG, Chang AC. IGFBP2 modulates the chemoresistant phenotype in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:25897-916. [PMID: 26317790 PMCID: PMC4694874 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) patients commonly present with advanced stage disease and demonstrate resistance to therapy, with response rates below 40%. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of resistance is crucial for improvement of clinical outcomes. IGFBP2 is a member of the IGFBP family of proteins that has been reported to modulate both IGF and integrin signaling and is a mediator of cell growth, invasion and resistance in other tumor types. In this study, high IGFBP2 expression was observed in a subset of primary EACs and was found to be significantly higher in patients with shorter disease-free intervals as well as in treatment-resistant EACs as compared to chemonaive EACs. Modulation of IGFBP2 expression in EAC cell lines promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion, implicating a role in the metastatic potential of these cells. Additionally, knockdown of IGFBP2 sensitized EAC cells to cisplatin in a serum-dependent manner. Further in vitro exploration into this chemosensitization implicated both the AKT and ERK pathways. Silencing of IGFBP2 enhanced IGF1-induced immediate activation of AKT and reduced cisplatin-induced ERK activation. Addition of MEK1/2 (selumetinib or trametinib) or AKT (AKT Inhibitor VIII) inhibitors enhanced siIGFBP2-induced sensitization of EAC cells to cisplatin. These results suggest that targeted inhibition of IGFBP2 alone or together with either the MAPK or PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in IGFBP2-overexpressing EAC tumors may be an effective approach for sensitizing resistant EACs to standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Myers
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Zhuwen Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Dafydd G Thomas
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mark B Orringer
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jules Lin
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - David G Beer
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew C Chang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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20
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Integration of Breast Cancer Secretomes with Clinical Data Elucidates Potential Serum Markers for Disease Detection, Diagnosis, and Prognosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158296. [PMID: 27355404 PMCID: PMC4927101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells secrete factors that influence adjacent cell behavior and can lead to enhanced proliferation and metastasis. To better understand the role of these factors in oncogenesis and disease progression, estrogen and progesterone receptor positive MCF-7 cells, triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231, DT22, and DT28 cells, and MCF-10A non-transformed mammary epithelial cells were grown in 3D cultures. A special emphasis was placed on triple negative breast cancer since these tumors are highly aggressive and no targeted treatments are currently available. The breast cancer cells secreted factors of variable potency that stimulated proliferation of the relatively quiescent MCF-10A cells. The conditioned medium from each cell line was subjected to mass spectrometry analysis and a variety of secreted proteins were identified including glycolytic enzymes, proteases, protease inhibitors, extracellular matrix proteins, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. An investigation of the secretome from each cell line yielded clues about strategies used for breast cancer proliferation and metastasis. Some of the proteins we identified may be useful in the development of a serum-based test for breast cancer detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring.
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Akkiprik M, Nicorici D, Cogdell D, Jia YJ, Hategan A, Tabus I, Yli-Harja O, Y D, Sahin A, Zhang W. Dissection of Signaling Pathways in Fourteen Breast Cancer Cell Lines Using Reverse-Phase Protein Lysate Microarray. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 5:543-51. [PMID: 17121430 DOI: 10.1177/153303460600500601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction pathways play a crucial role in breast cancer development, progression, and response to different therapies. A major problem in breast cancer therapy is the heterogeneity among different tumor types and cell lines commonly used in preclinical studies. To characterize the signaling pathways of some of the commonly used breast cancer cell lines and dissect the relationship among a number of pathways and some key genetic and molecular events in breast cancer development, such as p53 mutation, ErbB2 expression, and estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) status, we performed pathway profiling of 14 breast cancer cell lines by measuring the expression and phosphorylation status of 40 different cell signaling proteins with 53 specific antibodies using a protein lysate array. Cluster analysis of the expression data showed that there was close clustering of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Src, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) in all of the cell lines. The most differentially expressed proteins between ER- and PR-positive and ER- and PR-negative breast cells were mTOR, Akt (pThr308), PDGFRβ, PDGFRβ (pTyr751), panSrc, Akt (pSer473), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), Src (pTyr418), mTOR (pSer2448), and IGFBP2. Many apoptotic proteins, such as apoptosis-inducing factor, IGFBP3, bad, bax, and cleaved caspase 9, were overexpressed in mutant p53-carrying breast cancer cells. Hexokinase isoenzyme 1, ND2, and c-kit were the most differentially expressed proteins in high and low ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells. This study demonstrated that ER/PR status, ErbB2 expression, and p53 status are major molecules that impact downstream signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akkiprik
- Department of Pathology, Unit 85, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Farghaly SA. Ovarian cancer in obese women: risk and optimal medical and surgical treatment options. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:261-3. [PMID: 26102463 DOI: 10.2217/whe.15.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samir A Farghaly
- The Joan & Sanford I. Weill Medical College, & The New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Cornell University, 525 East 68 Street, P713A, NY, USA
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23
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Usset JL, Raghavan R, Tyrer JP, McGuire V, Sieh W, Webb P, Chang-Claude J, Rudolph A, Anton-Culver H, Berchuck A, Brinton L, Cunningham JM, DeFazio A, Doherty JA, Edwards RP, Gayther SA, Gentry-Maharaj A, Goodman MT, Høgdall E, Jensen A, Johnatty SE, Kiemeney LA, Kjaer SK, Larson MC, Lurie G, Massuger L, Menon U, Modugno F, Moysich KB, Ness RB, Pike MC, Ramus SJ, Rossing MA, Rothstein J, Song H, Thompson PJ, van den Berg DJ, Vierkant RA, Wang-Gohrke S, Wentzensen N, Whittemore AS, Wilkens LR, Wu AH, Yang H, Pearce CL, Schildkraut JM, Pharoah P, Goode EL, Fridley BL. Assessment of Multifactor Gene-Environment Interactions and Ovarian Cancer Risk: Candidate Genes, Obesity, and Hormone-Related Risk Factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:780-90. [PMID: 26976855 PMCID: PMC4873330 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk factors relate to hormone exposure and elevated estrogen levels are associated with obesity in postmenopausal women. Therefore, we hypothesized that gene-environment interactions related to hormone-related risk factors could differ between obese and non-obese women. METHODS We considered interactions between 11,441 SNPs within 80 candidate genes related to hormone biosynthesis and metabolism and insulin-like growth factors with six hormone-related factors (oral contraceptive use, parity, endometriosis, tubal ligation, hormone replacement therapy, and estrogen use) and assessed whether these interactions differed between obese and non-obese women. Interactions were assessed using logistic regression models and data from 14 case-control studies (6,247 cases; 10,379 controls). Histotype-specific analyses were also completed. RESULTS SNPs in the following candidate genes showed notable interaction: IGF1R (rs41497346, estrogen plus progesterone hormone therapy, histology = all, P = 4.9 × 10(-6)) and ESR1 (rs12661437, endometriosis, histology = all, P = 1.5 × 10(-5)). The most notable obesity-gene-hormone risk factor interaction was within INSR (rs113759408, parity, histology = endometrioid, P = 8.8 × 10(-6)). CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the feasibility of assessing multifactor interactions in large genetic epidemiology studies. Follow-up studies are necessary to assess the robustness of our findings for ESR1, CYP11A1, IGF1R, CYP11B1, INSR, and IGFBP2 Future work is needed to develop powerful statistical methods able to detect these complex interactions. IMPACT Assessment of multifactor interaction is feasible, and, here, suggests that the relationship between genetic variants within candidate genes and hormone-related risk factors may vary EOC susceptibility. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 780-90. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Usset
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Rama Raghavan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Penelope Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Louise Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anna DeFazio
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Neonatology, University of Sydney, Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Marc T Goodman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sharon E Johnatty
- Division of Genetics and Public Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department of Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Melissa C Larson
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Galina Lurie
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Leon Massuger
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Usha Menon
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Roberta B Ness
- School of Public Health, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas
| | - Malcolm C Pike
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joseph Rothstein
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Honglin Song
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - David J van den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert A Vierkant
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hannah Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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Hoeflich A, Russo VC. Physiology and pathophysiology of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 - consensus and dissent on metabolic control and malignant potential. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 29:685-700. [PMID: 26522454 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 are suppressed by growth hormone and therefore represent less prominent members of the IGFBP family when compared to IGFBP-3 that carries most of the IGFs during circulation under normal conditions in humans in vivo. As soon as the GH signal is decreased expression of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 is reduced. Under conditions of lowered suppression by GH the time seems come for IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2. Both IGFBPs are potent effectors of growth and metabolism. Secretion of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 is further suppressed by insulin and diminished with increasing obesity. Both IGFBP family members share the RGD sequence motif that mediates binding to integrins and is linked to PTEN/PI3K signalling. In mice, IGFBP-2 prevents age- and diet-dependent glucose insensitivity and blocks differentiation of preadipocytes. The latter function is modulated by two distinct heparin-binding domains of IGFBP-2 which are lacking in IGFBP-1. IGFBP-2 is further regulated by leptin and has been demonstrated to affect insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, further supporting a particular role of IGFBP-2 in glucose and fat metabolism. Since IGFBP-2 is controlled by sex steroids as well, we devised a scheme to compare IGFBP effects in breast, ovarian and prostate cancer. While a positive association does not seem to exist with IGFBP-1 and risk of cancers within these reproductive tissues, a relationship between IGFBP-2 and breast cancer, ovarian cancer and prostate cancer does indeed appear to be present. To date, the specific roles of IGFBP-2 in estrogen signalling are unclear, though there is accumulating evidence for an effect of IGFBP-2 on PI3K signalling via PTEN, particularly in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Vincenzo C Russo
- Hormone Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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25
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Coveney C, Boocock DJ, Rees RC, Deen S, Ball GR. Data Mining of Gene Arrays for Biomarkers of Survival in Ovarian Cancer. MICROARRAYS 2015; 4:324-38. [PMID: 27600227 PMCID: PMC4996375 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays4030324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The expected five-year survival rate from a stage III ovarian cancer diagnosis is a mere 22%; this applies to the 7000 new cases diagnosed yearly in the UK. Stratification of patients with this heterogeneous disease, based on active molecular pathways, would aid a targeted treatment improving the prognosis for many cases. While hundreds of genes have been associated with ovarian cancer, few have yet been verified by peer research for clinical significance. Here, a meta-analysis approach was applied to two carefully selected gene expression microarray datasets. Artificial neural networks, Cox univariate survival analyses and T-tests identified genes whose expression was consistently and significantly associated with patient survival. The rigor of this experimental design increases confidence in the genes found to be of interest. A list of 56 genes were distilled from a potential 37,000 to be significantly related to survival in both datasets with a FDR of 1.39859 × 10−11, the identities of which both verify genes already implicated with this disease and provide novel genes and pathways to pursue. Further investigation and validation of these may lead to clinical insights and have potential to predict a patient’s response to treatment or be used as a novel target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Coveney
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - David J Boocock
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Robert C Rees
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Suha Deen
- Department of Histopathology, Queens Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2NH, UK.
| | - Graham R Ball
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.
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26
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Lodhia KA, Tienchaiananda P, Haluska P. Understanding the Key to Targeting the IGF Axis in Cancer: A Biomarker Assessment. Front Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26217584 PMCID: PMC4495315 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 insulin like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) targeted therapies showed compelling pre-clinical evidence; however, to date, this has failed to translate into patient benefit in Phase 2/3 trials in unselected patients. This was further complicated by the toxicity, including hyperglycemia, which largely results from the overlap between IGF and insulin signaling systems and associated feedback mechanisms. This has halted the clinical development of inhibitors targeting IGF signaling, which has limited the availability of biopsy samples for correlative studies to understand biomarkers of response. Indeed, a major factor contributing to lack of clinical benefit of IGF targeting agents has been difficulty in identifying patients with tumors driven by IGF signaling due to the lack of predictive biomarkers. In this review, we will describe the IGF system, rationale for targeting IGF signaling, the potential liabilities of targeting strategies, and potential biomarkers that may improve success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Haluska
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
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27
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Örd T, Örd D, Adler P, Vilo J, Örd T. TRIB3 enhances cell viability during glucose deprivation in HEK293-derived cells by upregulating IGFBP2, a novel nutrient deficiency survival factor. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2492-505. [PMID: 26094770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucose deprivation occurs in several human diseases, including infarctions and solid tumors, and leads to cell death. In this article, we investigate the role of the pseudokinase Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) in the cellular stress response to glucose starvation using cell lines derived from HEK293, which is highly glycolytic under standard conditions. Our results show that TRIB3 mRNA and protein levels are strongly upregulated in glucose-deprived cells via the induction of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor kinase PERK. Cell survival in glucose-deficient conditions is enhanced by TRIB3 overexpression and reduced by TRIB3 knockdown. Genome-wide gene expression profiling uncovered approximately 40 glucose deprivation-responsive genes that are affected by TRIB3, including several genes involved in signaling processes and metabolism. Based on transcription factor motif analysis, the majority of TRIB3-downregulated genes are target genes of ATF4, which TRIB3 is known to inhibit. The gene most substantially upregulated by TRIB3 is insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2). IGFBP2 mRNA and protein levels are downregulated in cells subjected to glucose deprivation, and reduced IGFBP2 expression aggravates cell death during glucose deficiency, while overexpression of IGFBP2 prolongs cell survival. Moreover, IGFBP2 silencing abrogates the pro-survival effect of TRIB3. Since TRIB3 augments IGFBP2 expression in glucose-starved cells, the data indicate that IGFBP2 contributes to the attenuation of cell death by TRIB3. These results implicate TRIB3 and IGFBP2, both of which are known to be overexpressed in several types of cancers, as pro-survival modulators of cell viability in nutrient-deficient microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiit Örd
- Estonian Biocentre, Riia 23b, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Daima Örd
- Estonian Biocentre, Riia 23b, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Adler
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Vilo
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Örd
- Estonian Biocentre, Riia 23b, 51010 Tartu, Estonia.
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28
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IGFBP-2: The dark horse in metabolism and cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 26:329-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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29
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Patil SS, Railkar R, Swain M, Atreya HS, Dighe RR, Kondaiah P. Novel anti IGFBP2 single chain variable fragment inhibits glioma cell migration and invasion. J Neurooncol 2015; 123:225-35. [PMID: 25944386 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-015-1800-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Insulin like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) is highly up regulated in glioblastoma (GBM) tissues and has been one of the prognostic indicators. There are compelling evidences suggesting important roles for IGFBP2 in glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Extracellular IGFBP2 through its carboxy terminal arginine glycine aspartate (RGD) motif can bind to cell surface α5β1 integrins and activate pathways downstream to integrin signaling. This IGFBP2 activated integrin signaling is known to play a crucial role in IGFBP2 mediated invasion of glioma cells. Hence a molecular inhibitor of carboxy terminal domain of IGFBP2 which can inhibit IGFBP2-cell surface interaction is of great therapeutic importance. In an attempt to develop molecular inhibitors of IGFBP2, we screened single chain variable fragment (scFv) phage display libraries, Tomlinson I (Library size 1.47 × 10(8)) and Tomlinson J (Library size 1.37 × 10(8)) using human recombinant IGFBP2. After screening we obtained three IGFBP2 specific binders out of which one scFv B7J showed better binding to IGFBP2 at its carboxy terminal domain, blocked IGFBP2-cell surface association, reduced activity of matrix metalloprotease 2 in the conditioned medium of glioma cells and inhibited IGFBP2 induced migration and invasion of glioma cells. We demonstrate for the first time that in vitro inhibition of extracellular IGFBP2 activity by using human scFv results in significant reduction of glioma cell migration and invasion. Therefore, the inhibition of IGFBP2 can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy in the management of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa S Patil
- Department of Molecular Reproduction Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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30
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French CL, Ye F, Revetta F, Zhang B, Coffey RJ, Washington MK, Deane NG, Beauchamp RD, Weaver AM. Linking patient outcome to high throughput protein expression data identifies novel regulators of colorectal adenocarcinoma aggressiveness. F1000Res 2015; 4:99. [PMID: 26097693 PMCID: PMC4457132 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6388.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A key question in cancer systems biology is how to use molecular data to predict the biological behavior of tumors from individual patients. While genomics data have been heavily used, protein signaling data are more directly connected to biological phenotype and might predict cancer phenotypes such as invasion, metastasis, and patient survival. In this study, we mined publicly available data for colorectal adenocarcinoma from the Cancer Genome Atlas and identified protein expression and signaling changes that are statistically associated with patient outcome. Our analysis identified a number of known and potentially new regulators of colorectal cancer. High levels of insulin growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) were associated with both recurrence and death, and this was validated by immunohistochemical staining of a tissue microarray for a secondary patient dataset. Interestingly, GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) was the protein most frequently associated with death in our analysis, and GATA3 expression was significantly decreased in tumor samples from stage I-II deceased patients. Experimental studies using engineered colon cancer cell lines show that exogenous expression of GATA3 decreases three-dimensional colony growth and invasiveness of colon cancer cells but does not affect two-dimensional proliferation. These findings suggest that protein data are useful for biomarker discovery and identify GATA3 as a regulator of colorectal cancer aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christi L French
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Frank Revetta
- Department of Pathology,Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - M Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology,Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Natasha G Deane
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | - Alissa M Weaver
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Department of Pathology,Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA ; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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31
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Lu J, Tao YF, Li ZH, Cao L, Hu SY, Wang NN, Du XJ, Sun LC, Zhao WL, Xiao PF, Fang F, Xu LX, Li YH, Li G, Zhao H, Ni J, Wang J, Feng X, Pan J. Analyzing the gene expression profile of anaplastic histology Wilms' tumor with real-time polymerase chain reaction arrays. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:44. [PMID: 26136641 PMCID: PMC4486424 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wilms’ tumor (WT) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms of the urinary tract in children. Anaplastic histology (unfavorable histology) accounts for about 10% of whole WTs, and it is the single most important histologic predictor of treatment response and survival in patients with WT; however, until now the molecular basis of this phenotype is not very clearly. Methods A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was designed and tested. Next, the gene expression profile of pediatric anaplastic histology WT and normal adjacent tissues were analyzed. These expression data were anlyzed with Multi Experiment View (MEV) cluster software further. Datasets representing genes with altered expression profiles derived from cluster analyses were imported into the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis Tool (IPA). Results 88 real-time PCR primer pairs for quantitative gene expression analysis of key genes involved in pediatric anaplastic histology WT were designed and tested. The gene expression profile of pediatric anaplastic histology WT is significantly different from adjacent normal controls; we identified 15 genes that are up-regulated and 16 genes that are down-regulated in the former. To investigate biological interactions of these differently regulated genes, datasets representing genes with altered expression profiles were imported into the IPA for further analysis, which revealed three significant networks: Cancer, Hematological Disease, and Gene Expression, which included 27 focus molecules and a significance score of 43. The IPA analysis also grouped the differentially expressed genes into biological mechanisms related to Cell Death and Survival 1.15E−12, Cellular Development 2.84E−11, Cellular Growth and Proliferation 2.84E-11, Gene Expression 4.43E−10, and DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair 1.39E−07. The important upstream regulators of pediatric anaplastic histology WT were TP53 and TGFβ1 signaling (P = 1.15E−14 and 3.79E−13, respectively). Conclusions Our study demonstrates that the gene expression profile of pediatric anaplastic histology WT is significantly different from adjacent normal tissues with real-time PCR array. We identified some genes that are dysregulated in pediatric anaplastic histology WT for the first time, such as HDAC7, and IPA analysis showed the most important pathways for pediatric anaplastic histology WT are TP53 and TGFβ1 signaling. This work may provide new clues into the molecular mechanisms behind pediatric anaplastic histology WT. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-015-0197-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan-Fang Tao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Heng Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lan Cao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shao-Yan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na-Na Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 5th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Yin chuan, China
| | - Li-Chao Sun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Li Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pei-Fang Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Xiao Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Ni
- Translational Research Center, Second Hospital, The Second Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Li X, Liu Y, Granberg KJ, Wang Q, Moore LM, Ji P, Gumin J, Sulman EP, Calin GA, Haapasalo H, Nykter M, Shmulevich I, Fuller GN, Lang FF, Zhang W. Two mature products of MIR-491 coordinate to suppress key cancer hallmarks in glioblastoma. Oncogene 2015; 34:1619-1628. [PMID: 24747968 PMCID: PMC4205227 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MIR-491 is commonly co-deleted with its adjacent CDKN2A on chromosome 9p21.3 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, it is not known whether deletion of MIR-491 is only a passenger event or has an important role. Small-RNA sequencing of samples from GBM patients demonstrated that both mature products of MIR-491 (miR-491-5p and -3p) are downregulated in tumors compared with the normal brain. The integration of GBM data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), miRNA target prediction and reporter assays showed that miR-491-5p directly targets EGFR, CDK6 and Bcl-xL, whereas miR-491-3p targets IGFBP2 and CDK6. Functionally, miR-491-3p inhibited glioma cell invasion; overexpression of both miR-491-5p and -3p inhibited proliferation of glioma cell lines and impaired the propagation of glioma stem cells (GSCs), thereby prolonging survival of xenograft mice. Moreover, knockdown of miR-491-5p in primary Ink4a-Arf-null mouse glial progenitor cells exacerbated cell proliferation and invasion. Therefore, MIR-491 is a tumor suppressor gene that, by utilizing both mature forms, coordinately controls the key cancer hallmarks: proliferation, invasion and stem cell propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuexin Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kirsi J. Granberg
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Qinhao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lynette M. Moore
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erik P. Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Non-coding RNA center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hannu Haapasalo
- Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Gregory N. Fuller
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Frederick F. Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Non-coding RNA center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and women cancer: the epidemiological evidences and putative mechanisms. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:920618. [PMID: 25866823 PMCID: PMC4383430 DOI: 10.1155/2015/920618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a chronic disease increasing rapidly worldwide, is well established as an important risk factor for various types of cancer. Although many factors impact the development of T2DM and cancer including sex, age, ethnicity, obesity, diet, physical activity levels, and environmental exposure, many epidemiological and experimental studies are gradually contributing to knowledge regarding the interrelationship between DM and cancer. The insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and chronic inflammation associated with diabetes mellitus are all associated strongly with cancer. The changes in bioavailable ovarian steroid hormone that occur in diabetes mellitus (the increasing levels of estrogen and androgen and the decreasing level of progesterone) are also considered potentially carcinogenic conditions for the breast, endometrium, and ovaries in women. In addition, the interaction among insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), and ovarian steroid hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, could act synergistically during cancer development. Here, we review the cancer-related mechanisms in T2DM, the epidemiological evidence linking T2DM and cancers in women, and the role of antidiabetic medication in these cancers.
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Yau SW, Azar WJ, Sabin MA, Werther GA, Russo VC. IGFBP-2 - taking the lead in growth, metabolism and cancer. J Cell Commun Signal 2015; 9:125-42. [PMID: 25617050 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-015-0261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of the Insulin-like Growth Factors (IGFs) ligands elicited via their receptors and transduced by various intracellular signal pathways is modulated by the IGF Binding Proteins (IGFBPs). Among all the IGFBPs, IGFBP-2 has been implicated in the regulation of IGF activity in most tissue and organs. Besides binding to IGFs in the circulation these IGF-regulatory activities of IGFBP-2 involve interactions with components of the extracellular matrix, cell surface proteoglycans and integrin receptors. In addition to these local peri-cellular activities, IGFBP-2 exerts other key functions within the nucleus, where IGFBP-2 directly or indirectly promotes transcriptional activation of specific genes. All of these IGFBP-2 activities, intrinsic or dependent on IGFs, contribute to its functional roles in growth/development, metabolism and malignancy as evidenced by studies in IGFBP-2 animal models and also by many in vitro studies. Finally, preclinical studies have demonstrated that IGFBP-2 administration can be beneficial in improving metabolic responses (inhibition of adipogenesis and enhanced insulin sensitivity), while blockade of IGFBP-2 appears to be an effective approach to inhibiting tumour growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W Yau
- Deparment of Cell Biology, Hormone Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Huang YF, Cheng WF, Wu YP, Cheng YM, Hsu KF, Chou CY. Circulating IGF system and treatment outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:217-29. [PMID: 24273235 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) frequently progress and become fatal, even when cytoreduction surgery plus platinum-based chemotherapy are performed. Thus, the early detection of high-risk subgroups is important in order to provide opportunities for better treatment outcomes, using alternative therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to explore the expression of circulating IGF system components and their relationship with treatment outcome in EOC. We included 228 patients with a median follow-up time of 44 months at two tertiary centers. There were 68 cancer deaths and 108 cases of cancer progression in the cohort. Preoperative serum levels of total IGF1, IGF2, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), and IGFBP3 were analyzed using an ELISA and were then converted into an IGF1:IGFBP3 molar ratio. The risks of mortality and progression were estimated using Cox regression models in univariate and multivariate analyses. Our results showed that high IGF1, IGF2, and IGFBP3 levels were significantly associated with an early cancer stage, non-serous histology, and optimal cytoreduction. High IGFBP2 levels were associated with an advanced stage and serous histology. Overall and progression-free survival durations were significantly better among patients with high IGF1 (P=0.003 and P=0.001), IGF2 (P=0.003 and P=0.02), or IGFBP3 levels (P=0.02 and P=0.008). In multivariate analysis, serum IGFBP2 levels were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio=1.84, 95% CI: 1.07-3.18, P=0.03), indicating that IGFBP2 could be used as an early predictor of EOC-related mortality. The combination of elevated IGFBP2 and reduced IGF1 levels at diagnosis could further facilitate the identification of a patient subgroup with the worst prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Center for Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Longuespée R, Boyon C, Desmons A, Vinatier D, Leblanc E, Farré I, Wisztorski M, Ly K, D'Anjou F, Day R, Fournier I, Salzet M. Ovarian cancer molecular pathology. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2013; 31:713-32. [PMID: 22729278 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-012-9383-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OVC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Europe and the United States. Its early detection is difficult due to the lack of specificity of clinical symptoms. Unfortunately, late diagnosis is a major contributor to the poor survival rates for OVC, which can be attributed to the lack of specific sets of markers. Aside from patients sharing a strong family history of ovarian and breast cancer, including the BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes mutations, the most used biomarker is the Cancer-antigen 125 (CA-125). CA-125 has a sensitivity of 80 % and a specificity of 97 % in epithelial cancer (stage III or IV). However, its sensitivity is 30 % in stage I cancer, as its increase is linked to several physiological phenomena and benign situations. CA-125 is particularly useful for at-risk population diagnosis and to assess response to treatment. It is clear that alone, CA-125 is inadequate as a biomarker for OVC diagnosis. There is an unmet need to identify additional biomarkers. Novel and more sensitive proteomic strategies such as MALDI mass spectrometry imaging studies are well suited to identify better markers for both diagnosis and prognosis. In the present review, we will focus on such proteomic strategies in regards to OVC signaling pathways, OVC development and escape from the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Longuespée
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Nord de France, EA 4550, Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, 59650 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
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Sehgal P, Kumar N, Praveen Kumar VR, Patil S, Bhattacharya A, Vijaya Kumar M, Mukherjee G, Kondaiah P. Regulation of protumorigenic pathways by insulin like growth factor binding protein2 and its association along with β-catenin in breast cancer lymph node metastasis. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:63. [PMID: 23767917 PMCID: PMC3698021 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin like growth factor binding proteins modulate the mitogenic and pro survival effects of IGF. Elevated expression of IGFBP2 is associated with progression of tumors that include prostate, ovarian, glioma among others. Though implicated in the progression of breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms involved in IGFBP2 actions are not well defined. This study investigates the molecular targets and biological pathways targeted by IGFBP2 in breast cancer. Methods Transcriptome analysis of breast tumor cells (BT474) with stable knockdown of IGFBP2 and breast tumors having differential expression of IGFBP2 by immunohistochemistry was performed using microarray. Differential gene expression was established using R-Bioconductor package. For validation, gene expression was determined by qPCR. Inhibitors of IGF1R and integrin pathway were utilized to study the mechanism of regulation of β-catenin. Immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical staining was performed on breast tumors and experimental cells, respectively for β-catenin and IGFBP2 expression. Results Knockdown of IGFBP2 resulted in differential expression of 2067 up regulated and 2002 down regulated genes in breast cancer cells. Down regulated genes principally belong to cell cycle, DNA replication, repair, p53 signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, Wnt signaling. Whole genome expression analysis of breast tumors with or without IGFBP2 expression indicated changes in genes belonging to Focal adhesion, Map kinase and Wnt signaling pathways. Interestingly, IGFBP2 knockdown clones showed reduced expression of β- catenin compared to control cells which was restored upon IGFBP2 re-expression. The regulation of β-catenin by IGFBP2 was found to be IGF1R and integrin pathway dependent. Furthermore, IGFBP2 and β-catenin are co-ordinately overexpressed in breast tumors and correlate with lymph node metastasis. Conclusion This study highlights regulation of β-catenin by IGFBP2 in breast cancer cells and most importantly, combined expression of IGFBP2 and β-catenin is associated with lymph node metastasis of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sehgal
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Suh YA, Kim JH, Sung MA, Boo HJ, Yun HJ, Lee SH, Lee HJ, Min HY, Suh YG, Kim KW, Lee HY. A novel antitumor activity of deguelin targeting the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor pathway via up-regulation of IGF-binding protein-3 expression in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2013; 332:102-9. [PMID: 23348700 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects of deguelin in several human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Deguelin inhibited cell viability and the anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent colony formation of triple-negative (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) and triple-positive (MCF-7) breast cancer cells, and it significantly reduced the growth of MCF-7 cell xenograft tumors. The induction of apoptosis, inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling activation, and up-regulation of IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) expression may be associated with deguelin-mediated antitumor effects. Our findings suggest a potential therapeutic use for deguelin in patients with triple-negative breast cancer and for those with breast cancers who are sensitive to endocrine- and HER2-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ah Suh
- Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Ying X, Han S, Wang J, Zhou X, Bai E, Zhang J, Zhu Q. Autoantibodies against insulin-like growth factor‑binding protein-2 as a serological biomarker in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2012; 42:93-100. [PMID: 23165420 PMCID: PMC3583617 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) is considered to be a human tumor antigen, and the tumor-specific immunity of IGFBP-2 has been reported in several types of cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether autoantibodies to IGFBP-2 can be used as diagnostic markers in lung cancer. The results demonstrated that serum anti-IGFBP-2 autoantibody levels were significantly elevated in lung cancer (mean, 1,633.318 ng/ml; median, 1,651.462 ng/ml; range, 342.732–4932.582 ng/ml) compared with benign lung disease (1,210.139, 1,035.900, 547.596–2,331.167 ng/ml) and normal controls (1,303.369, 1,194.800, 528.200–2140.500 ng/ml). The sensitivity and specificity of anti-IGFBP-2 autoantibodies in diagnosing lung cancer was 73.2 and 60.6%, respectively. When serum IGFBP-2 and anti-IGFBP-2 autoantibody were used together in the diagnosis of lung cancer, it can increase the discriminative power for lung cancer with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 57.5%. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that circulating anti-IGFBP-2 autoantibodies can be used as a potential biomarker in diagnosing lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University Medical Center, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Jiang T, Zhang J, Zhang B, Yang W, You G, Xu K, Wu J, Luo C, Song SW. Elevated serum antibodies against insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 allow detecting early-stage cancers: evidences from glioma and colorectal carcinoma studies. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:2415-2422. [PMID: 22357443 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-specific immunity of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) has been reported in several cancers. We aimed to assess the role of serum IGFBP-2 antibodies (IGFBP-2 Abs) in early cancer detection. PATIENTS AND METHODS Glioma and colorectal carcinoma (CRC) were used as models. Serum IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-2 Abs were measured in 260 tumor patients (145 gliomas, 45 colorectal polyps, and 70 CRCs) and 141 controls. Receiver operating characteristic curves were applied. RESULTS Serum IGFBP-2 Ab levels were significantly elevated in tumors (mean: 82 ng/ml, median: 17 ng/ml, range: 0-1387 ng/ml) compared with controls (11, 0, 0-212 ng/ml) (P < 0.0001) and higher in early than advanced cancers opposite of serum IGFBP-2 levels. IGFBP-2 Abs effectively discriminated between controls and grade II and III gliomas [area under the curve (AUC): 0.821-0.864; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.762-0.936; P < 0.0001], and CRC I-II (AUC: 0.668; 95% CI = 0.566-0.770; P = 0.002) as well as indicative of advanced polyps at high risk of CRC (AUC: 0.72; 95% CI = 0.630-0.811; P < 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing grade II-III gliomas reached 66%-84% and 81%. Combined serum IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-2 Abs augmented the discriminative power of all stage tumors (AUC: 0.823), gliomas (AUC: 0.800), and CRCs (AUC = 0.917). CONCLUSION Our results first demonstrate IGFBP-2 Abs for early cancer detection and in combination of serum IGFBP-2 for improved cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, The Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - T Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - J Zhang
- Laboratory of Disease Genomics and individualized Medicine, Center of Computational Biology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | - B Zhang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Clinical Research Laboratory, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - W Yang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Clinical Research Laboratory, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - G You
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - K Xu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, The Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - J Wu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, The Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - C Luo
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, The Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - S W Song
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Clinical Research Laboratory, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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Tyler CP, Whiteman MK, Zapata LB, Hillis SD, Curtis KM, McDonald J, Wingo PA, Kulkarni A, Marchbanks PA. The Effect of Body Mass Index and Weight Change on Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Survival in Younger Women: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2012; 21:865-71. [DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2012.3487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal P. Tyler
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Career Development Division, Office of Workforce and Career Development, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Maura K. Whiteman
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lauren B. Zapata
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susan D. Hillis
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kathryn M. Curtis
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jill McDonald
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Aniket Kulkarni
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Polly A. Marchbanks
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Tombolan L, Orso F, Guzzardo V, Casara S, Zin A, Bonora M, Romualdi C, Giorgi C, Bisogno G, Alaggio R, Pinton P, De Pittà C, Taverna D, Rosolen A, Lanfranchi G. High IGFBP2 expression correlates with tumor severity in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:2611-24. [PMID: 21924226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common childhood sarcoma and is identified as either the embryonal or alveolar (ARMS) subtype. In approximately 75% of cases, ARMSs are characterized by specific chromosomal translocations that involve PAX and FKHR genes. ARMS gene expression signatures vary, depending on the presence or absence of the translocations. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) is strongly overexpressed in translocation-negative RMS. Because IGFBP2 is associated with tumorigenesis, we investigated its functional role in RMS. An analysis of IGFBP2 distribution in RMS cell lines revealed a strong accumulation in the Golgi complex, in which morphological characteristics appeared peculiarly modified. After silencing IGFBP2 expression, our microarray analysis revealed mostly cell cycle and actin cytoskeleton gene modulations. In parallel, IGFBP2-silenced cells showed reduced cell cycle and rates of invasion and decreased seeding in the lungs after tail vein injections in immunodeficient mice. An analysis of IGFBP2 mRNA and protein localization in human tumors showed abnormal protein accumulation in the Golgi complex, mostly in PAX/FKHR-negative RMS. Moreover, an analysis of patients with RMS revealed the presence of conspicuous circulating levels of IGFBP2 proteins in children with highly aggressive RMS tumors. Taken together, our data provide evidence that IGFBP2 contributes to tumor progression and that it could be used as a marker to better classify clinical and biological risks in RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Tombolan
- Department of Biology and the Interdepartmental Research Center in Innovative Biotechnology (CRIBI), Padova Hospital, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Hasskarl J, Kaufmann M, Schmid HA. Somatostatin receptors in non-neuroendocrine malignancies: the potential role of somatostatin analogs in solid tumors. Future Oncol 2011; 7:895-913. [PMID: 21732759 DOI: 10.2217/fon.11.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin receptors (sstrs) are G-protein-coupled receptors that mediate various physiological effects when activated by the neuropeptide somatostatin or its synthetic analogs. In addition to the well-documented antisecretory effects of sstr2-preferential somatostatin analogs octreotide and lanreotide, ligand binding to sstr initiates an inhibitory action on tumor growth. This effect may result from both indirect actions (suppression of growth factors and growth-promoting hormones [e.g., GH/IGF-1 axis] and inhibition of angiogenesis) and direct actions (activation of antigrowth activities [e.g., apoptosis]). As solid tumor cells express multiple sstrs, there is a rationale to evaluate the potential antitumor effects of pasireotide (SOM230), a multireceptor-targeted somatostatin analog with high binding affinity for sstr1–3 and sstr5. Pasireotide reduces systemic IGF-1 levels more potently than currently available somatostatin analogs and has been well tolerated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Kaufmann
- Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Herbert A Schmid
- Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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STAT-Related Profiles Are Associated with Patient Response to Targeted Treatments in Locally Advanced SCCHN. Transl Oncol 2011; 4:47-58. [PMID: 21286377 DOI: 10.1593/tlo.10217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody cetuximab (Erbitux, CTX) is currently used for the treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN), as yet with modest effectiveness, prompting for the identification of response predictors to this treatment and for the targeting of additional pathways implicated in this disease. Within this scope, we investigated the effect of SRC/STAT pathway components on LA-SCCHN patient outcome. SRC, STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A, STAT5B, ANXA1, CAV1, IGFBP2, EPHA2, EPHB2, and MSN relative gene expression, as well as Stat protein activation, were assessed on LA-SCCHN tumor tissues from 35 patients treated with combined radiotherapy (RT) and CTX-based regimens. Stat1, Stat3, and Stat5 proteins were usually found activated in neoplastic nuclei (70.4%, 85.7%, and 70.8%, respectively). Activated Stat3 and Stat5 were associated with each other (P = .017) and with a CAV1(high)/MSN(high)/IGFBP2(low) profile. All patients with tumors expressing high STAT5A/EPHA2 experienced a complete response on RT-CTX-based treatments (12/15 complete responders, P < .0001) and a longer progression-free survival (P = .024). Few tumors expressed high ANXA1/CAV1/EPHA2 and low IGFBP2, a putative dasatinib response-related profile, whereas high ANXA1 was associated with shorter overall survival (P = .003). In conclusion, Stat activation is common in LA-SCCHN, where overexpression of STAT5A and EPHA2 may predict for response to RT-CTX treatments. The STAT5A/EPHA2 profile seems of particular interest for validation in larger cohorts and in multiple tumor types because markers for the positive selection of patients to benefit from CTX-containing treatments are currently lacking.
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Sinclair J, Metodieva G, Dafou D, Gayther SA, Timms JF. Profiling signatures of ovarian cancer tumour suppression using 2D-DIGE and 2D-LC-MS/MS with tandem mass tagging. J Proteomics 2011; 74:451-65. [PMID: 21237297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common form of gynaecological malignancy in the developed world and has a poor prognosis due to its late detection. Identifying molecular markers of the disease may provide novel approaches to screening and could enable targeted treatment and the design of novel therapies. Although blood is recognized as a highly important source of disease-related biomarkers, the complexity and dynamic range of protein abundance in body fluids has hampered proteomic biomarker discovery and alternative approaches using cell models may be more successful. Herein, we have utilized two cellular models of EOC, where transfer of normal chromosome 18 material into the EOC cell lines TOV-112D and TOV-21G induced in vitro and in vivo suppression of their tumourigenic phenotype. A combination of quantitative two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and two-dimensional-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS) with tandem mass tagging (TMT) was employed to examine the whole cell, secreted and crude membrane proteomes of the parental and hybrid cell models to identify differentially expressed proteins as potential markers of tumour suppression. Protein changes of interest were confirmed by immunoblotting in additional hybrid and revertant cell lines where incorporated chromosome 18 material was lost. One candidate marker was also tested in sera from a set of ovarian cancer cases and controls. We have identified a list of promising candidate biomarkers for further testing and functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sinclair
- Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London UCL, UK
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Swain M, Slomiany MG, Rosenzweig SA, Atreya HS. High-yield bacterial expression and structural characterization of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 501:195-200. [PMID: 20541521 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 06/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The diverse biological activities of the insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2) are mediated by the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). These actions are modulated by a family of six IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-1-6; 22-31 kDa) that via high affinity binding to the IGFs (K(D) approximately 300-700 pM) both protect the IGFs in the circulation and attenuate IGF action by blocking their receptor access. In recent years, IGFBPs have been implicated in a variety of cancers. However, the structural basis of their interaction with IGFs and/or other proteins is not completely understood. A critical challenge in the structural characterization of full-length IGFBPs has been the difficulty in expressing these proteins at levels suitable for NMR/X-ray crystallography analysis. Here we describe the high-yield expression of full-length recombinant human IGFBP-2 (rhIGFBP-2) in Escherichia coli. Using a single step purification protocol, rhIGFBP-2 was obtained with >95% purity and structurally characterized using NMR spectroscopy. The protein was found to exist as a monomer at the high concentrations required for structural studies and to exist in a single conformation exhibiting a unique intra-molecular disulfide-bonding pattern. The protein retained full biologic activity. This study represents the first high-yield expression of wild-type recombinant human IGFBP-2 in E. coli and first structural characterization of a full-length IGFBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Swain
- NMR Research Center, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Liou JM, Shun CT, Liang JT, Chiu HM, Chen MJ, Chen CC, Wang HP, Wu MS, Lin JT. Plasma insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 levels as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of colorectal cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:1717-25. [PMID: 20157191 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2009-2668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Overexpression of IGF-II and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-2 has been reported in several cancers. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the roles of plasma IGF-II and IGFBP-2 levels as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and the impact of loss of imprinting (LOI) of IGF-II on the survival of colorectal cancer (CRC). DESIGN We conducted a case control and prospective cohort study for diagnostic and prognostic values, respectively. PATIENTS AND SETTING Plasma levels of IGF-II and IGFBP-2 were measured in 162 patients with CRC before surgery, in paired 15 patients after curative surgery, in 24 patients with advanced colon polyps, and in 114 healthy controls between 2003 and 2006 in National Taiwan University Hospital. RESULTS The area under the curve values of using IGFBP-2 as a diagnostic marker for advanced colon polyp and CRC were 0.654 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.547-0.76; P = 0.017] and 0.815 (95% CI = 0.766-0.864; P < 0.001), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing CRC were 80.2 and 64%, respectively, if the cutoff value of IGFBP-2 was 377 ng/ml. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model, higher IGFBP-2 levels were associated with increased risk of mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.46; P = 0.017], whereas higher IGF-II levels were associated with reduced risk of mortality (HR = 0.42; P = 0.044). LOI of IGF-II was associated with increased risk of mortality (HR = 7.91; P = 0.014) in patients with stage IV disease. CONCLUSIONS IGFBP-2 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of CRC. LOI of IGF-II is significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with stage IV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ming Liou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan S. Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Migita T, Narita T, Asaka R, Miyagi E, Nagano H, Nomura K, Matsuura M, Satoh Y, Okumura S, Nakagawa K, Seimiya H, Ishikawa Y. Role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 in lung adenocarcinoma: IGF-independent antiapoptotic effect via caspase-3. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 176:1756-66. [PMID: 20150439 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and mitogenesis. Secreted IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are important modulators of IGF bioavailability; however, their intracellular functions remain elusive. We sought to assess the antiapoptotic properties of intracellular IGFBP-2 in lung adenocarcinomas. IGFBP-2 overexpression resulted in a decrease in procaspase-3 expression; however, it did not influence the phosphorylation status of either IGF receptor or its downstream targets, including Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Apoptosis induced by camptothecin was significantly inhibited by IGFBP-2 overexpression in NCI-H522 cells. Conversely, selective knockdown of IGFBP-2 using small-interfering RNA resulted in an increase in procaspase-3 expression and sensitization to camptothecin-induced apoptosis in NCI-H522 cells. LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase, caused a decrease in IGFBP-2 levels and enhanced apoptosis in combination with camptothecin. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that intracellular IGFBP-2 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinomas compared with normal epithelium. Intracellular IGFBP-2 and procaspase-3 were expressed in a mutually exclusive manner. These findings suggest that intracellular IGFBP-2 regulates caspase-3 expression and contributes to the inhibitory effect on apoptosis independent of IGF. IGFBP-2, therefore, may offer a novel therapeutic target and serve as an antiapoptotic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Terry KL, Tworoger SS, Gates MA, Cramer DW, Hankinson SE. Common genetic variation in IGF1, IGFBP1 and IGFBP3 and ovarian cancer risk. Carcinogenesis 2010; 30:2042-6. [PMID: 19858071 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgp257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 and its binding proteins foster cellular proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. In vitro studies show that IGF1 increases ovarian cell growth and invasive potential, suggesting a role for the IGF1 pathway in ovarian cancer etiology. We evaluated genetic variation in the IGF1, IGFBP1 and IGFBP3 genes in relation to ovarian cancer risk by genotyping 29 haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms in 1173 cases and 1201 controls from the New England Case-Control (NECC) study and 296 cases and 854 controls from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS). The association of haplotypes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with ovarian cancer was estimated using unconditional (NECC) and conditional (NHS) logistic regression. Additionally, we evaluated the association of SNPs with IGF1, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 3 and IGFBP2 plasma levels (n = 380 NHS controls). Our data suggest a decreased risk for women carrying haplotype 2C of the IGF1 gene [odds ratios (ORs) = 0.82, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) = 0.69-0.98] and an increased risk for women carrying haplotype 1D (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.03-1.94) or 2D (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.01-1.41) in the binding proteins. When evaluated individually, three SNPs in the IGFBPs (rs10228265, rs4988515 and rs2270628) were associated with increased ovarian cancer risk, and several IGF1 (rs11111285, rs1996656 and rs1019731) and IGFBP3 (rs2270628, rs2854746 and rs2854744) SNPs were significantly associated with IGF1, IGFBP3 and IGFBP2 plasma levels. Some haplotypes and SNPs in the IGF pathway genes may be associated with ovarian cancer risk; however, these results need to be confirmed. Of particular interest was the IGFBP3 SNP rs2270628, which was associated with both increased IGF1 plasma levels and higher ovarian cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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