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Li J, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Li W, Jiang S, Zhang J, Xue H. Limosilactobacillus fermentum HNU312 alleviates lipid accumulation and inflammation induced by a high-fat diet: improves lipid metabolism pathways and increases short-chain fatty acids in the gut microbiome. Food Funct 2024; 15:8878-8892. [PMID: 39129481 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02390k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
A high-fat diet can cause health problems, such as hyperlipidemia, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. Dietary supplementation with beneficial microbes might reduce the detrimental effects of a high-fat diet by modulating the gut microbiome, metabolic pathways and metabolites. This study assessed the effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum HNU312 (L. fermentum HNU312) on blood lipid levels, fat accumulation, inflammation and the gut microbiome in mice on a high-fat diet. The results indicate that L. fermentum HNU312 supplementation to high-fat diet-fed mice led to decreases of 7.52% in the final body weight, 22.30% in total triglyceride, 24.87% in total cholesterol, and 27.3% in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Furthermore, the addition of L. fermentum HNU312 significantly reduced the fat accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue by 18.99% and 32.55%, respectively, and decreased chronic inflammation induced by a high-fat diet. Further analysis of the gut microbiome revealed that on the one hand, L. fermentum HNU312 changed the structure of the intestinal microbiota, increased the abundance of beneficial intestinal bacteria related to lipid metabolism, and reversed the enrichment of lipid-related metabolic pathways. On the other hand, L. fermentum HNU312 increased the production of short-chain fatty acids, which can reduce liver inflammation and chronic inflammation induced by a high-fat diet. In summary, by regulating gut microbiota, L. fermentum HNU312 improved lipid metabolism pathways and increased short-chain fatty acids, which reduced body weight, blood lipids, fat accumulation and chronic inflammation caused by high-fat diets. Therefore, L. fermentum HNU312 could be a good candidate probiotic for ameliorating metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wanggao Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuaiming Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hui Xue
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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van den Boom R, Vergauwen L, Koedijk N, da Silva KM, Covaci A, Knapen D. Combined western diet and bisphenol A exposure induces an oxidative stress-based paraoxonase 1 response in larval zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 274:109758. [PMID: 37757927 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme linked to metabolic disorders by genome-wide association studies in humans. Exposure to metabolic disrupting chemicals (MDCs) such as bisphenol A (BPA), together with genetic and dietary factors, can increase the risk of metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate how PON1 responds to the metabolic changes and oxidative stress caused by a western diet, and whether exposure to BPA alters the metabolic and PON1 responses. Zebrafish larvae at 14 days post fertilization were fed a custom-made western diet with and without aquatic exposure to two concentrations of BPA for 5 days. A combination of western diet and 150 μg/L BPA exposure resulted in a stepwise increase in weight, length and oxidative stress, suggesting that BPA amplifies the western diet-induced metabolic shift. PON1 arylesterase activity was increased in all western diet and BPA exposure groups and PON1 lactonase activity was increased when western diet was combined with exposure to 1800 μg/L BPA. Both PON1 activities were positively correlated to oxidative stress. Based on our observations we hypothesize that a western diet caused a shift towards fatty acid-based metabolism, which was increased by BPA exposure. This shift resulted in increased oxidative stress, which in turn was associated with a PON1 activity increase as an antioxidant response. This is the first exploration of PON1 responses to metabolic challenges in zebrafish, and the first study of PON1 in the context of MDC exposure in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik van den Boom
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Noortje Koedijk
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Katyeny Manuela da Silva
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Gujjala S, Bangeppagari M, Devarakonda VLNP, Bellamkonda R, Bhadramraju R, Kameswaran S, Ramaswamy R, Desireddy S. Pleiotropic effects of Salacia reticulata and Simvastatin on oxidative stress and insulin resistance in a rat model. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114960. [PMID: 37290186 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study investigated the effects of Salacia reticulata and simvastatin on oxidative stress and insulin resistance in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. We compared the protective effect of a methanolic extract of Salacia reticulata (SR) with simvastatin (SVS) in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS AND RESULTS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following five different groups: control (C), C+SR, HFD, HFD+SR, and HFD+SVS. High-fat diet fed rats showed hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia, dyslipidemia, and hypoadiponectinemia after 90 days. Treatment of high-fat diet fed rats with SR/SVS significantly (p < 0.05) reduced high-fat diet induced increases in plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and decreased high- density lipoprotein (HDL) accompanied by an increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein oxidation. In addition, a significant decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and enzymes of the polyol pathway was observed in rats fed high-fat diet. SR was found to be more effective than SVS. Moreover, infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrosis in the liver of high-fat diet fed rats by SR/SVS were also prevented. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirms that SR/SVS may be a new and promising remedial approach because of its beneficial effects on the pathophysiological processes of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakara Gujjala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Manjunatha Bangeppagari
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Tamaka, Kolar 563103, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Ramesh Bellamkonda
- Department of Food Technology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Kakutur, SPSR Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ramu Bhadramraju
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivasan Kameswaran
- Department of Botany, Vikrama Simhapuri University College, Kavali, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Saralakumari Desireddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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García-Beltrán A, Martínez R, Porres JM, Arrebola F, Artero IR, Galisteo M, Aranda P, Kapravelou G, López-Jurado M. Novel insights and mechanisms of diet-induced obesity: Mid-term versus long-term effects on hepatic transcriptome and antioxidant capacity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Life Sci 2023; 324:121746. [PMID: 37121540 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The study of molecular mechanisms related to obesity and associated pathologies like type 2-diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease requires animal experimental models in which the type of obesogenic diet and length of the experimental period to induce obesity deeply affect the metabolic alterations. Therefore, this study aimed to test the influence of aging along a rat model of diet-induced obesity in gene expression of the hepatic transcriptome. MAIN METHODS A high-fat/high-fructose diet to induce obesity was used. Mid- (13 weeks) and long-term (21 weeks) periods were established. Caloric intake, bodyweight, hepatic fat, fatty acid profile, histological changes, antioxidant activity, and complete transcriptome were analyzed. KEY FINDINGS Excess bodyweight, hepatic steatosis and altered lipid histology, modifications in liver antioxidant activity, and dysregulated expression of transcripts related to cell structure, glucose & lipid metabolism, antioxidant & detoxifying capacity were found. Modifications in obese and control rats were accounted for by the different lengths of the experimental period studied. SIGNIFICANCE Main mechanisms of hepatic fat accumulation were de novo lipogenesis or altered fatty acid catabolism for mid- or long-term study, respectively. Therefore, the choice of obesity-induction length is a key factor in the model of obesity used as a control for each specific experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro García-Beltrán
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosario Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus M Porres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Francisco Arrebola
- Department of Histology, Institute of Neurosciences, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Ruiz Artero
- Department of Histology, Institute of Neurosciences, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Milagros Galisteo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Garyfallia Kapravelou
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - María López-Jurado
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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El-Ghonemy DH, Ali SA, Abdel-Megeed RM, Elshafei AM. Therapeutic impact of purified Trichoderma viride L-asparaginase in murine model of liver cancer and in vitro Hep-G2 cell line. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:38. [PMID: 36995465 PMCID: PMC10063745 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the common cancers, but difficult to diagnose and treat. L-asparaginase has been introduced in the treatment protocol of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) since the 1960s with a good outcome and increased survival rates to nearly 90%. Moreover, it has been found to have therapeutic potential in solid tumors. Production of glutaminase-free-L-asparaginase is of interest to avoid glutaminase-related toxicity and hypersensitivity. In the current study, an extracellular L-asparaginase that is free of L-glutaminase was purified from the culture filtrate of an endophytic fungus Trichoderma viride. The cytotoxic effect of the purified enzyme was evaluated in vitro against a panel of human tumor cell lines and in vivo against male Wister albino mice intraperitoneally injected with diethyl nitrosamine (200 mg/kg bw), followed by (after 2 weeks) oral administration of carbon tetrachloride (2 mL/kg bw). This dose was repeated for 2 months, and after that, the blood samples were collected to estimate hepatic and renal injury markers, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress parameters. RESULTS L-asparaginase was purified from T. viride culture filtrate with 36 purification folds, 688.1 U/mg specific activity, and 38.9% yield. The highest antiproliferative activity of the purified enzyme was observed against the hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep-G2) cell line, with an IC50 of 21.2 g/mL, which was higher than that observed for MCF-7 (IC50 34.2 g/mL). Comparing the DENA-intoxicated group to the negative control group, it can be demonstrated that L-asparaginase adjusted the levels of the liver function enzymes and the hepatic injury markers that had previously changed with DENA intoxication. DENA causes kidney dysfunction and altered serum albumin and creatinine levels as well. Administration of L-asparaginase was found to improve the levels of the tested biomarkers including kidney and liver function tests. L-asparaginase treatment of the DENA-intoxicated group resulted in a significant improvement in the liver and kidney tissues to near normal similar to the healthy control group. CONCLUSION The results suggest that this purified T. viride L-asparaginase may be able to delay the development of liver cancer and may be used as a potential candidate for future application in medicine as an anticancer medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina H El-Ghonemy
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Giza, EG-12622, Egypt.
| | - Sanaa A Ali
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, 33 El Buhouth St., Giza, EG-12622, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Abdel-Megeed
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, 33 El Buhouth St., Giza, EG-12622, Egypt
| | - Ali M Elshafei
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Giza, EG-12622, Egypt
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Jo D, Yoon G, Lim Y, Kim Y, Song J. Profiling and Cellular Analyses of Obesity-Related circRNAs in Neurons and Glia under Obesity-like In Vitro Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076235. [PMID: 37047207 PMCID: PMC10094513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, is associated with metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity. Various circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found in brain tissues and recent studies have suggested that circRNAs are related to neuropathological mechanisms in the brain. However, there is a lack of interest in the involvement of circRNAs in metabolic imbalance-related neuropathological problems until now. Herein we profiled and analyzed diverse circRNAs in mouse brain cell lines (Neuro-2A neurons, BV-2 microglia, and C8-D1a astrocytes) exposed to obesity-related in vitro conditions (high glucose, high insulin, and high levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and cholesterol). We observed that various circRNAs were differentially expressed according to cell types with many of these circRNAs conserved in humans. After suppressing the expression of these circRNAs using siRNAs, we observed that these circRNAs regulate genes related to inflammatory responses, formation of synaptic vesicles, synaptic density, and fatty acid oxidation in neurons; scavenger receptors in microglia; and fatty acid signaling, inflammatory signaling cyto that may play important roles in metabolic disorders associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danbi Jo
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangho Yoon
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonghwan Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.K.); (J.S.)
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Naomi R, Rusli RNM, Othman F, Balan SS, Abidin AZ, Embong H, Teoh SH, Jasni AS, Jumidil SH, Matraf KSYB, Zakaria ZA, Bahari H, Yazid MD. Elateriospermum tapos Yogurt Supplement in Maternal Obese Dams during Pregnancy Modulates the Body Composition of F1 Generation. Nutrients 2023; 15:1258. [PMID: 36904258 PMCID: PMC10005445 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is a key predictor of childhood obesity and a determining factor for a child's body composition. Thus, any form of maternal nutrition during the gestational period plays a vital role in influencing the growth of the fetus. Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) yogurt has been found to comprise many bioactive compounds such as tannins, saponins, α-linolenic acid, and 5'-methoxy-bilobate with apocynoside I that could cross the placenta and exhibit an anti-obesity effect. As such, this study aimed to investigate the role of maternal E. tapos yogurt supplementation on offspring body composition. In this study, 48 female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were induced with obesity using a high-fat diet (HFD) and were allowed to breed. Upon confirmation of pregnancy, treatment was initiated with E. tapos yogurt on the obese dams up to postnatal day 21. The weaning offspring were then designated into six groups according to their dam's group (n = 8) as follows; normal food and saline (NS), HFD and saline (HS), HFD and yogurt (HY), HFD and 5 mg/kg of E. tapos yogurt (HYT5), HFD and 50 mg/kg of E. tapos yogurt (HYT50), and HFD and 500 mg/kg of E. tapos yogurt (HYT500). The body weight of the offspring was accessed every 3 days up to PND 21. All the offspring were euthanized on PND 21 for tissue harvesting and blood sample collection. The results showed that both male and female offspring of obese dams treated with E. tapos yogurt showed growth patterns similar to NS and reduced levels of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, LDL, non-HDL, and leptin. Liver enzymes such as ALT, ALP, AST, GGT, and globulin, and renal markers such as sodium, potassium, chloride, urea, and creatinine levels significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the offspring of E. tapos yogurt-treated obese dams with the normal histological architecture of the liver, kidney, colon, RpWAT, and visceral tissue that is comparable to NS. In toto, E. tapos yogurt supplementation of obese dams exerted an anti-obesity effect by preventing intergenerational obesity by reversing HFD-induced damage in the fat tissue of the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rusydatul Nabila Mahmad Rusli
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Fezah Othman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Santhra Segaran Balan
- Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Health Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia
| | - Azrina Zainal Abidin
- Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Health Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia
| | - Hashim Embong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Azmiza Syawani Jasni
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hadizah Jumidil
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Khaled Salem Yaslam Ba Matraf
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Borneo Research on Algesia, Inflammation and Neurodegeneration (BRAIN) Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sabah Universiti Malaysia, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Binayi F, Moslemi M, Khodagholi F, Hedayati M, Zardooz H. Long-term high-fat diet disrupts lipid metabolism and causes inflammation in adult male rats: possible intervention of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:204-212. [PMID: 32907408 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1808997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of long-term high-fat diet (HFD) on plasma lipid profile and probability of inflammation in adult rats. After weaning, male offspring were divided into six groups based on diet type and medication. After 20 weeks of dietary intake, 4-PBA (endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor) was injected for three days. Then, blood samples were taken to measure plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol, leptin and interleukin 1-β (IL 1-β). The HFD increased body weight and food intake and intra-abdominal fat and thymus weights, which were associated with elevated plasma leptin level. Moreover, HFD increased plasma concentrations of TG, LDL, cholesterol and IL 1-β and decreased HDL level. Injection of 4-PBA reversed the plasma parameters changes caused by HFD. It seems that long-term HFD feeding through inducing the ER stress, disrupted the lipid metabolism and resulted in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Binayi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moslemi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- NeuroBiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeira Zardooz
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kucukkurt I, Ince S, Eryavuz A, Demirel HH, Arslan-Acaroz D, Zemheri-Navruz F, Durmus I. The effects of boron-supplemented diets on adipogenesis-related gene expressions, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative response in high-fat fed rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23257. [PMID: 36419211 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The fatty liver syndrome caused by nutritional factors is a common cause of hepatic dysfunction globally. This research was designed to study the shielding effect of boron in rats fed a diet having high fat. Overall, 40 Wistar albino male rats were placed into one control and four treatment groups, that is, each having eight rats. Group I was provided with a standard rat diet while group II was only provided a high-fat diet for 60 days. Groups III, IV, and V were provided with 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day boron, respectively, by gastric gavage besides a high-fat diet for 60 days. Malondialdehyde was increased significantly in rats' blood and tissue because of high-fat diets. Glutathione was decreased significantly in blood and tissues because of a high-fat diet. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were decreased in the blood and tissues of the high-fat-fed rats. The genes expression for C-reactive protein, interleukin-1β, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-α were increased while gene expression for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors was decreased in the liver of rats fed with a high-fat diet. Contrariwise, boron supplementation improves antioxidative response in terms of increased SOD and CAT activities, gene expression regulation, and improved anti-inflammatory activities. In a nutshell, boron has dose-dependent shielding antioxidative and tissue regenerative effects in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Kucukkurt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Sinan Ince
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Eryavuz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hasan H Demirel
- Bayat Vocational School, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | | - Fahriye Zemheri-Navruz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Durmus
- Suhut Vocational School, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Kim MJ, Jeon DG, Lim Y, Jang I. Effects of prebiotics in combination with probiotics on intestinal hydrolase activity, microbial population and immunological biomarkers in SD rats fed an AIN-93G diet. Lab Anim Res 2022; 38:20. [PMID: 35851065 PMCID: PMC9290249 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-022-00132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal microbiota, which comprises hundreds of different types of microbes, biologically plays crucial roles in the host's health. Probiotics (PRO) did not always have a positive benefit on the host, depending on strains of microbes and the physiochemical properties of prebiotics (PRE), indicating that the properties of PRE in combination with PRO might have different effects on the gut ecology. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of insoluble or soluble PRE with PRO on intestinal digestive hydrolase, the fecal microbes, and immunological biomarkers in SD rats fed an AIN-93G diet. RESULTS Forty, 8-week-old SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 10 replicates in each; cellulose (CELL), cellulose + probiotics (CELPRO), oatmeal (OATS), and oatmeal + probiotics (OATPRO) groups. After 4-week feeding trial, rats were treated with saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/kg) to examine the alleviating effects of PRO and PRE on immunological responses. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in feed intake of rats fed the oatmeal supplemented diet without affecting growth performance. Blood triglyceride was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in rats fed the oatmeal diet, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in rats fed the PRO supplemented diet. Intestinal maltase, sucrose, and lactase activities were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in rats fed PRO compared with rats not fed PRO. Rats fed the oatmeal showed a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the fecal colony forming units (CFU) of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared with those fed cellulose. LPS-treated rats fed PRO showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in blood secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) compared with those not fed PRO. The LPS-treated rats fed PRO resulted in decreased (p < 0.05) blood IL-6 compared with those not fed PRO, indicating that a dietary PRO alleviated inflammatory response in LPS-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS Dietary oatmeal increased fecal microbes, and PRO supplement resulted in increased intestinal hydrolase and immune functions of the host, demonstrating that soluble PRE with supplemented with PRO could be a more bioactive combination of synbiotics in SD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jeong Kim
- Division of Animal Bioscience and Integrated Biotechnology, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-Ro, Jinju, 52725, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Dong-Gyeong Jeon
- Division of Animal Bioscience and Integrated Biotechnology, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-Ro, Jinju, 52725, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Lim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Korea
| | - Insurk Jang
- Division of Animal Bioscience and Integrated Biotechnology, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-Ro, Jinju, 52725, Gyeongnam, Korea.
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Effect of the Addition of Buckwheat Sprouts Modified with the Addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii to an Atherogenic Diet on the Metabolism of Sterols, Stanols and Fatty Acids in Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144394. [PMID: 35889272 PMCID: PMC9318738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench buckwheat sprouts modified with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii to an atherogenic diet on the metabolism of sterols and fatty acids in rats. It was noticed in the study that the group fed with modified sprouts (HFDPRS) had a greater amount of sterols by 75.2%, compared to the group fed on an atherogenic diet (HFD). The content of cholesterol in the liver and feces was lower in the HFDPRS group than the HFD group. In the serum of the HFDPRS group, a more significant amount of the following acids was observed: C18:2 (increase by 13.5%), C20:4 (increase by 15.1%), and C22:6 (increase by 13.1%), compared to the HFDCS group. Regarding the biochemical parameters, it was noted that the group fed the diet with the addition of probiotic-rich sprouts diet had lower non-HDL, LDL-C and CRP ratios compared to the group fed the high-fat diet. The obtained results indicate that adding modified buckwheat sprouts to the diet by adding the probiotic strain of the yeast may have a significant impact on the metabolism of the indicated components in the organism.
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Changes in Metabolic Regulation and the Microbiota Composition after Supplementation with Different Fatty Acids in db/db Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022; 2022:3336941. [PMID: 35036426 PMCID: PMC8759926 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3336941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The effects of fatty acids on health vary and depend on the type, amount, and route of consumption. EPA and DHA have a defined role in health, unlike coconut oil. Objective The aim was to investigate the changes in metabolic regulation and the composition of the culture-dependent microbiota after supplementation with different fatty acids in db/db mice. Material and Methods. We were using 32 8-week-old db/db mice, supplemented for eight weeks with EPA/DHA derived from microalgae as well as coconut oil. The lipid, hormonal profiles, and composition of the culture-dependent microbiota and the phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing were determined for identification of the intestinal microbiota. Results Enriched diet with EPA/DHA reduced TNF-α, C-peptide, insulin resistance, resistin, and the plasma atherogenic index, but increased TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c, and TG without changes in HDL-c. Coconut oil raised the HDL-c, GIP, and TNF-α, with TG, insulin resistance, adiponectin, and C-peptide reduced. Conclusion The most abundant microbial populations were Firmicutes and the least Proteobacteria. EPA/DHA derived from microalgae contributes to improving the systemic inflammatory status, but depressed the diversity of the small intestine microbiota. Coconut oil only decreased the C-peptide, raising TNF-α, with an unfavorable hormonal and lipid profile.
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Abshirini M, Cabrera D, Fraser K, Siriarchavatana P, Wolber FM, Miller MR, Tian HS, Kruger MC. Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analysis of the Effect of High Fat/High Sugar Diet and Greenshell TM Mussel Feeding on Plasma of Ovariectomized Rats. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110754. [PMID: 34822412 PMCID: PMC8622240 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the changes in lipid and metabolite profiles of ovariectomized (OVX) rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis (MetOA) after supplementation with greenshell mussel (GSM) using an untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics approach. Ninety-six rats were fed with one of four diets: control, control supplemented with GSM + GSM, high fat/high sugar (HFHS), or high fat/high sugar enriched with GSM (HFHS + GSM). After 8 weeks on experimental diets, half of the rats in each group underwent OVX and the other half were sham operated. After being fed for an additional 28 weeks, blood samples were collected for the metabolomics analysis. Lipid and polar metabolites were extracted from plasma and analysed by LC-MS. We identified 29 lipid species from four lipid subclasses (phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, diacylglycerol, and triacylglycerol) and a set of eight metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism (serine, threonine, lysine, valine, histidine, pipecolic acid, 3-methylcytidine, and cholic acid) as potential biomarkers for the effect of HFHS diet and GSM supplementation. GSM incorporation more specifically in the control diet generated significant alterations in the levels of several lipids and metabolites. Further studies are required to validate these findings that identify potential biomarkers to follow OA progression and to monitor the impact of GSM supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abshirini
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Diana Cabrera
- Food Chemistry and Structure, AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (D.C.); (K.F.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- Food Chemistry and Structure, AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (D.C.); (K.F.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Parkpoom Siriarchavatana
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (P.S.); (F.M.W.)
| | - Frances M. Wolber
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (P.S.); (F.M.W.)
- Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Marlena C. Kruger
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
- Correspondence:
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Panda V, Shinde P, Dande P. Consumption of Spinacia Oleracea (spinach) and aerobic exercise controls obesity in rats by an inhibitory action on pancreatic lipase. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:187-195. [PMID: 30270679 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1502323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Context: Spinaciaoleracea (spinach) is abundant in antioxidant phytoconstituents, termed as the natural antioxidant mixture (NAO).Objective: This study evaluates the anti-hyperlipidemicand anti-obesity effects of an antioxidant-rich extract of Spinaciaoleracea (NAOE) and aerobic exercise (AE) in rats fed with high fat diet (HFD).Methods: Rats received NAOE (200 and 400 mg/kg), the standard drug orlistat (10 mg/kg), AE and NAOEAE (NAOE 400 mg/kg + AE) daily with HFD for 21 d.Results: Orlistat, NAOE and NAOEAE treatments to HFD-fed rats significantly reduced the HFD-elevated food intake, weight gain, pancreatic lipase activity and lipid peroxidation, and successfully restored the HFD-skewed lipid profile and antioxidant levels.Conclusions: It may be concluded that NAOE exhibited a promising anti-hyperlipidemic effect by its inhibitory action on pancreatic lipase. The combination treatment NAOEAE produced the best results indicating the essential role of exercise along with consumption of antioxidant-rich foods in maintaining a normal lipid profile and controlling obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Panda
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Prin. K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Priyanka Shinde
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Prin. K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Payal Dande
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SVKM's NMIMS, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Mukesh Patel Technology Park, Shirpur, India
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Peng L, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Yao Z, Song P, Wei L, Zhao G, Yan Z. Effect of tartary buckwheat, rutin, and quercetin on lipid metabolism in rats during high dietary fat intake. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:199-213. [PMID: 31993146 PMCID: PMC6977491 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat is rich in flavonoids. However, the health-promoting effect of these flavonoids has not been adequately studied. In the present study, we investigated the impact of rutin, quercetin, and Tartary buckwheat on the lipid metabolism of rats on a high-fat diet. Quercetin could significantly reduce body weight, serum triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TNF-α, insulin, and ameliorate glucose tolerance. It was surprising that Tartary buckwheat significantly increased the weight of the rats. Rutin, quercetin, and Tartary buckwheat tended to decreased fat deposition in the liver of rats but have little effect on short-chain fatty acid production. The changes in the structure and diversity of the microbiota were found to be modulated by these diets. It was concluded that quercetin could attenuate high-fat diet-induced obesity, rutin, quercetin, and Tartary buckwheat can shape the specific structure of gut microbiota. Mechanism of Tartary buckwheat on lipid metabolism needs further systematic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu UniversityChengduChina
- Pharmacy CollegeChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Qu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhendong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Panpan Song
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhuyun Yan
- Pharmacy CollegeChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
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Poon K. Behavioral Feeding Circuit: Dietary Fat-Induced Effects of Inflammatory Mediators in the Hypothalamus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:591559. [PMID: 33324346 PMCID: PMC7726204 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.591559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive dietary fat intake has extensive impacts on several physiological systems and can lead to metabolic and nonmetabolic disease. In animal models of ingestion, exposure to a high fat diet during pregnancy predisposes offspring to increase intake of dietary fat and causes increase in weight gain that can lead to obesity, and without intervention, these physiological and behavioral consequences can persist for several generations. The hypothalamus is a region of the brain that responds to physiological hunger and fullness and contains orexigenic neuropeptide systems that have long been associated with dietary fat intake. The past fifteen years of research show that prenatal exposure to a high fat diet increases neurogenesis of these neuropeptide systems in offspring brain and are correlated to behavioral changes that induce a pro-consummatory and obesogenic phenotype. Current research has uncovered several potential molecular mechanisms by which excessive dietary fat alters the hypothalamus and involve dietary fatty acids, the immune system, gut microbiota, and transcriptional and epigenetic changes. This review will examine the current knowledge of dietary fat-associated changes in the hypothalamus and the potential pathways involved in modifying the development of orexigenic peptide neurons that lead to changes in ingestive behavior, with a special emphasis on inflammation by chemokines.
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Intake of fruit and leaves of sweet cherry beneficially affects lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation in Wistar rats fed with high fat-cholesterol diet. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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18
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Akhavanakbari G, Babapour B, Alipour MR, Keyhanmanesh R, Ahmadi M, Aslani MR. Effect of high fat diet on NF-кB microRNA146a negative feedback loop in ovalbumin-sensitized rats. Biofactors 2019; 45:75-84. [PMID: 30521085 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-146a and its adapter proteins [interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)] in the pathogenesis of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized rats in association with the diet-induced obesity condition. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control with normal diet (ND), OVA-sensitized with normal diet (S + ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and OVA-sensitized with high-fat diet (S + HFD). All the animals were fed for 8 weeks with standard pelts or high-fat diet, and were then sensitized and challenged with OVA or saline for another 4 weeks. The tracheal responsiveness to methacholine, serum protein levels, and lipid profile levels was measured by the ELISA method. Moreover, the gene expression level of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) was measured in the lung tissue of the rats using the real-time PCR method. Maximum response to methacholin increased in the S + HFD group in compared with ND, S + ND, and HFD groups (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). Moreover, in the S + HFD group the mRNA expression levels of miRNA-146a increased in the lung tissue (P < 0.001). In addition, the protein analysis results showed that IRAK1, TRAF6, NF-kB, and IL-1β protein levels were high in the S + HFD group compared to the ND and HFD groups; however, in compared with the S + ND group, only the IL-1β protein level was higher in the S + HFD group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that a defect in the NF-kB-miR-146a negative feedback loop may be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity associated with OVA-sensitized condition. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(1):75-84, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godrat Akhavanakbari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Behzad Babapour
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Aslani
- Lung Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Department of Physiology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Zhang S, Lu C, Das AK, Pasupulati AK, Menon RK. Abrogation of GH action in Kupffer cells results in increased hepatic CD36 expression and exaggerated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Growth Horm IGF Res 2018; 42-43:74-79. [PMID: 30321786 PMCID: PMC6286732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of GH signaling on Kupffer cells and the resulting changes in lipid homeostasis and their underlying mechanism(s) in the livers of diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. DESIGN Male macrophage specific-growth hormone receptor knockout mice (MacGHR KO) and their litter mate controls were fed a high fat diet containing 60% calories from fat for 26 weeks. Lipid content and lipid profiles in the liver and circulation were analyzed. Expression levels of CD36 in the liver were quantified by RT-PCR and Western Blot. RESULTS Increased hepatic lipid content and abundance of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids were observed in the liver of MacGHR KO mice. These findings were associated with increased steady state levels of CD36 mRNA and protein in MacGHR KO mice when compared with their litter mate controls. CONCLUSION GH action in Kupffer cells is required for maintaining hepatic lipid homeostasis, in part via regulation of hepatic CD36 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Zhang
- Departments of Pediatrics & Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, United States
| | - Chunxia Lu
- Departments of Pediatrics & Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, United States
| | - Arun K Das
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, United States
| | - Anil K Pasupulati
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ram K Menon
- Departments of Pediatrics & Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, United States; Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, United States.
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Sankar J, Rathinavel A, Mohammed Sadullah SS, Devaraj SN. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins mitigate cholesterol and cholic acid diet-induced hepatic dysfunction in male Sprague Dawley rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 33:e22234. [PMID: 30273964 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated synthesis of hepatic cholesterol is a critical determinant of atherosclerosis. The combination of cholesterol and cholic acid (CC) diet supplementation to animal models is associated with hepatic dysfunction-mediated atherosclerosis. The current study was designed to investigate the hepatic cholesterol-lowering effects of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) in CC diet fed rats. CC diet-induced group exhibited significant increase in the hepatic lipid profile, activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR), PON-1, LCAT, LPL, and LPO levels, and messenger RNA expression of HMGR, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr), and HNF-4α. Administration of OPC (100 mg/kg/bwt) resulted in the significant reduction of lipid profile and HMGR levels, with concomitant increase in the levels of cholesterol-regulating enzymes and upregulated expression of LDLr and HNF-4α, which was similar to atorvastatin. Molecular docking studies also revealed that proanthocyanidins had a strong binding affinity to HMGR, similar to atorvastatin. Our findings suggest that OPC regulate the impaired cholesterol metabolism-associated atherosclerosis through hepatic cholesterol-lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamuna Sankar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashokkumar Rathinavel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Stawiarska-Pięta B, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Wyszyńska M, Kleczka A, Janiga B, Grzegorzak N, Birkner E. Influence of α-lipoic Acid on Morphology of Organs of Rabbits Fed a High Fat Diet with the Addition of Oxidised Rapeseed Oil. J Vet Res 2018; 61:517-525. [PMID: 29978118 PMCID: PMC5937353 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study was to assess the influence of α-lipoic acid (ALA) on the morphology of the aorta and liver of rabbits fed high fat diet with addition of oxidised (ORO) and non-oxidised rapeseed oil (N-ORO). Material and Methods The study was conducted on male chinchilla rabbits divided into six groups. The control group (C) was fed a breeding standard diet (BSD), group I received BSD with the addition of ALA in the dose of 10 mg/kg b.w., groups II and III received BSD enriched with 10% addition of N-ORO or ORO, whereas rabbits from groups IV and V received BSD with 10% addition of N-ORO or ORO and ALA. Results Addition of ORO caused necrosis and steatosis of hepatocytes, as well as atherosclerotic plaques of various intensification in the aorta. In the liver of rabbits from group II (N-ORO) infiltrations of mononuclear cells was observed in the area of liver triads and between liver lobules. The beneficial influence of ALA was demonstrated in rabbits fed a diet containing N-ORO or ORO. In case of ORO, the activity of ALA was not fully effective. Conclusion Diet supplementation with ALA counteracts the changes generated in the liver and aorta under increased exposure to higher fat content in diet, in particular thermally treated fats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Stawiarska-Pięta
- Department of Pathology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka
- Department of General Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wyszyńska
- Department of Pathology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Anna Kleczka
- Department of Pathology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Beata Janiga
- Department of Pathology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Natalia Grzegorzak
- Department of Pathology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Ewa Birkner
- Department of General Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
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Hypothalamic inflammation and malfunctioning glia in the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes: Translational significance. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 153:123-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Inhibition of nuclear translocation of notch intracellular domain (NICD) by diosgenin prevented atherosclerotic disease progression. Biochimie 2018; 148:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Williams T, Rude B, Liao S, Mochal-King C, Nicodemus M. Effects of fat supplementation on plasma glucose, insulin and fatty acid analysis in ponies maintained on a forage-based diet. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:1069-1076. [PMID: 29671908 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to observe how fat incorporated into an equine forage-based diet through supplementation altered levels of plasma glucose, insulin and fatty acids. Five Shetland/Hackney cross pony mares were fed alfalfa pellet diets top dressed with commercially available vegetable oil (blend of soya bean, canola and corn oils) at 0%, 5%, 10% or 15% of diet. Ponies were randomly assigned one of four diets to start, with a 14-day adjustment period between transitioning to another one of the four diets. Ponies were gradually adapted to the new diet within the 14-day period before a five-day trial period. Each pony received all four diets by the end of the study. Each trial was a five-day period with a three-day sample collection. Blood samples for each collection week were taken 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 and 270 min and at 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 hr post-feeding. Excess fat did not impact plasma glucose (p > .1), nor did it affect blood plasma insulin concentration. While there was no time alteration found for plasma fatty acid concentration (p > .1), C14:0 increased when ponies were fed 0% fat and C18:2 decreased when ponies were fed 0% fat. Plasma fatty acids (% of total FA) were higher in C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C20:1 in the added fat diets (p < .1). These findings suggest the amounts reported in this study of fat supplementation on a forage-based diet did influence the fatty acid analysis within the pony, but did not negatively impact blood glucose and insulin concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Williams
- Department of Animal Science, University of Findlay, Findlay, Ohio
| | - B Rude
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
| | - S Liao
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
| | - C Mochal-King
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
| | - M Nicodemus
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
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Wieser V, Adolph TE, Grander C, Grabherr F, Enrich B, Moser P, Moschen AR, Kaser S, Tilg H. Adipose type I interferon signalling protects against metabolic dysfunction. Gut 2018; 67:157-165. [PMID: 28011892 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low-grade chronic inflammation emerges as a potent driver of insulin resistance and glucose dysregulation in obesity and associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The liver, subcutaneous fat and the immune system participate in disturbances of metabolism. Type I interferon (IFN) signalling initiated by innate and adaptive immunity modulates inflammatory responses consequent to infection. However, little is known about the role of type I IFN signalling in metabolic diseases and the development of NAFLD. DESIGN We determined the impact of type I IFN signalling by tissue-specific deletion of interferon (α and β) receptor 1 (Ifnar1) in hepatocytes (Ifnar1Δhep ), adipocytes (Ifnar1Δat ), intestinal epithelial cells (Ifnar1ΔIEC ) or myelocytes (Ifnar1Δmyel ) on glucose metabolism, obesity and hepatic disease in mice exposed to a high-fat or methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet. Furthermore, we investigated the expression of type I IFN-regulated genes in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). RESULTS Long chain fatty acids induce type I IFN responses in murine hepatocytes and macrophages and exposure to a high-fat diet elicited type I IFN-regulated gene expression in the liver of wild-type mice. Hepatocyte-specific, but not adipose tissue-specific deletion of Ifnar1 worsened steatosis and inflammation induced by the MCD diet. In contrast, adipose-specific, but not hepatocyte-specific deletion of Ifnar1 deteriorated metabolic dysregulation induced by a high-fat diet, indicated by increased weight gain, insulin resistance and an impaired glucose tolerance. Abrogated type I IFN signalling in myeloid or intestinal epithelial cells did not modulate susceptibility to metabolic or hepatic disease. Improved metabolic control in patients with obesity after LAGB was associated with increased expression of type I IFN-regulated genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue and liver. CONCLUSIONS Our study implicates a role for adipose and hepatocyte type I IFN signalling in diet-induced metabolic dysregulation and hepatic disease. Further studies on type I IFN signalling in metabolic diseases are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Wieser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Timon Erik Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Grander
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Grabherr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Enrich
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Patrizia Moser
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Rupert Moschen
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Kaser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Yu X, Tang Y, Liu P, Xiao L, Liu L, Shen R, Deng Q, Yao P. Flaxseed Oil Alleviates Chronic HFD-Induced Insulin Resistance through Remodeling Lipid Homeostasis in Obese Adipose Tissue. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9635-9646. [PMID: 28988484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that higher circulating long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA) levels were intimately associated with lower prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance. However, the understanding of bioactivity and potential mechanism of α-linolenic acid-rich flaxseed oil (ALA-FO) against insulin resistance was still limited. This study evaluated the effect of FO on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance in C57BL/6J mice focused on adipose tissue lipolysis. Mice after HFD feeding for 16 weeks (60% fat-derived calories) exhibited systemic insulin resistance, which was greatly attenuated by medium dose of FO (M-FO), paralleling with differential accumulation of ALA and its n-3 derivatives across serum lipid fractions. Moreover, M-FO was sufficient to effectively block the metabolic activation of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), thereby improving adipose tissue insulin signaling. Importantly, suppression of hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α were involved in FO-mediated modulation of adipose tissue lipolysis, accompanied by specific reconstitution of n-3PUFA within adipose tissue lipid fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peiyi Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ruiling Shen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition , Wuhan 430062, China
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture , Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
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Fatty Acids Consumption: The Role Metabolic Aspects Involved in Obesity and Its Associated Disorders. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101158. [PMID: 29065507 PMCID: PMC5691774 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its associated disorders, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, metabolic inflammation, dysbiosis, and non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis, are involved in several molecular and inflammatory mechanisms that alter the metabolism. Food habit changes, such as the quality of fatty acids in the diet, are proposed to treat and prevent these disorders. Some studies demonstrated that saturated fatty acids (SFA) are considered detrimental for treating these disorders. A high fat diet rich in palmitic acid, a SFA, is associated with lower insulin sensitivity and it may also increase atherosclerosis parameters. On the other hand, a high intake of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids may promote positive effects, especially on triglyceride levels and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Moreover, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) are effective at limiting the hepatic steatosis process through a series of biochemical events, such as reducing the markers of non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis, increasing the gene expression of lipid metabolism, decreasing lipogenic activity, and releasing adiponectin. This current review shows that the consumption of unsaturated fatty acids, MUFA, and PUFA, and especially EPA and DHA, which can be applied as food supplements, may promote effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as on metabolic inflammation, gut microbiota, and hepatic metabolism.
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Wang XH, Cui XX, Sun XQ, Wang XH, Li XC, Qi Y, Li W, Han MY, Muhammad I, Zhang XY. High Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic 18-Carbon Fatty Acids Accumulation Up-Regulates CYP2A5/CYP2A6 via NF-E2-Related Factor 2. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:233. [PMID: 28555106 PMCID: PMC5431014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of hepatic 18-carbon fatty acids (FA) accumulation in regulating CYP2A5/2A6 and the significance of Nrf2 in the process during hepatocytes steatosis, Nrf2-null, and wild type mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD), and Nrf2 silenced or over expressed HepG2 cells administered with 18-carbon FA were used. HE and Oil Red O staining were used for mice hepatic pathological examination. The mRNA and protein expressions were measured with real-time PCR and Western blot. The results showed that hepatic CYP2A5 and Nrf2 expression levels were increased in HFD fed mice accompanied with hepatic 18-carbon FA accumulation. The Nrf2 expression was increased dose-dependently in cells administered with increasing concentrations of stearic acid, oleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid. The Nrf2 expression was dose-dependently decreased in cells treated with increasing concentrations of linoleic acid, but the Nrf2 expression level was still found higher than the control cells. The CYP2A6 expression was increased dose-dependently in increasing 18-carbon FA treated cells. The HFD-induced up-regulation of hepatic CYP2A5 in vivo and the 18-carbon FA treatment induced up-regulation of CYP2A6 in HepG2 cells were, respectively, inhibited by Nrf2 deficiency and Nrf2 silencing. While the basal expression of mouse hepatic CYP2A5 was not impeded by Nrf2 deletion. Nrf2 over expression improved the up-regulation of CYP2A6 induced by 18-carbon FA. As the classical target gene of Nrf2, GSTA1 mRNA relative expression was increased in Nrf2 over expressed cells and was decreased in Nrf2 silenced cells. In presence or absence of 18-carbon FA treatment, the change of CYP2A6 expression level was similar to GSTA1 in Nrf2 silenced or over expressed HepG2 cells. It was concluded that HFD-induced hepatic 18-carbon FA accumulation contributes to the up-regulation of CYP2A5/2A6 via activating Nrf2. However, the CYP2A5/2A6 expression does not only depend on Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-He Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Cui
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Sun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Xing-Hui Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Xiao-Chong Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Mei-Yu Han
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Ishfaq Muhammad
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
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Wang XH, Li CY, Muhammad I, Zhang XY. Fatty acid composition in serum correlates with that in the liver and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity scores in mice fed a high-fat diet. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 44:140-150. [PMID: 27179602 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the correlation between the serum fatty acid composition and hepatic steatosis, inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning scores, and liver fatty acids composition in mice fed a high-fat diet. Livers were collected for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease score analysis. Fatty acid compositions were analysed by gas chromatography. Correlations were determined by Pearson correlation coefficient. Exposed to a high-fat diet, mice developed fatty liver disease with varying severity without fibrosis. The serum fatty acid variation became more severe with prolonged exposure to a high-fat diet. This variation also correlated significantly with the variation in livers, with the types of fatty acids corresponding to liver steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning scores. Results of this study lead to the following hypothesis: the extent of serum fatty acid variation may be a preliminary biomarker of fatty liver disease caused by high-fat intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-He Wang
- Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Ishfaq Muhammad
- Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Xiu-Ying Zhang
- Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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