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Zhou S, Chen S, Jiang Q, Pei M. Determinants of stem cell lineage differentiation toward chondrogenesis versus adipogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1653-1680. [PMID: 30689010 PMCID: PMC6456412 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells, also termed as somatic stem cells, are undifferentiated cells, detected among differentiated cells in a tissue or an organ. Adult stem cells can differentiate toward lineage specific cell types of the tissue or organ in which they reside. They also have the ability to differentiate into mature cells of mesenchymal tissues, such as cartilage, fat and bone. Despite the fact that the balance has been comprehensively scrutinized between adipogenesis and osteogenesis and between chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, few reviews discuss the relationship between chondrogenesis and adipogenesis. In this review, the developmental and transcriptional crosstalk of chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages are briefly explored, followed by elucidation of signaling pathways and external factors guiding lineage determination between chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. An in-depth understanding of overlap and discrepancy between these two mesenchymal tissues in lineage differentiation would benefit regeneration of high-quality cartilage tissues and adipose tissues for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhou
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA.
- Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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Valdivielso-Ramos M, Torrelo A, Martin-Santiago A, Campos M, Conde E, de la Cueva P, Lopez-Gutierrez JC. Infantile hemangioma with minimal or arrested growth as the skin manifestation of PHACE syndrome. Pediatr Dermatol 2018; 35:622-627. [PMID: 29984853 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile hemangiomas with minimal or arrested growth are vascular tumors with a proliferative component involving < 25% of their total surface area. They are commonly described as localized lesions and are mainly located on the lower body. Little has been described about segmental forms on the face and their associations with PHACE syndrome. METHODS We carried out a multicenter, retrospective, case-series study involving 5 hospitals in Spain. Information was collected on cases of PHACE syndrome featuring infantile hemangiomas with minimal or arrested growth. RESULTS The frontotemporal and maxillary areas were the most frequently involved sites in our series. The upper eyelid and upper lip were the 2 locations most frequently associated with proliferation and ulceration. Four patients experienced spontaneous resolution, and the rest had a very good cosmetic outcome with oral treatment. Cerebral and cervical arterial anomalies were the most frequent extracutaneous findings associated with PHACE, followed by cerebral and ocular anomalies. Some unique associated disorders were fructose intolerance and retinoblastoma. CONCLUSION We present the largest case series of segmental facial infantile hemangiomas with minimal or arrested growth in PHACE syndrome and emphasize the importance of recognizing these lesions in early infancy, because they can indicate PHACE syndrome. The data presented suggest that infantile hemangiomas with minimal or arrested growth-associated PHACE syndrome does not seem to differ significantly from PHACE syndrome with classic infantile hemangiomas, and thus the same recommendations for diagnosis, management, and therapy should be followed. Future studies with more patients could contribute to enlighten this specific subset.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Minia Campos
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Conde
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ which is responsible for postprandial uptake of glucose and fatty acids, consequently producing a broad range of adipokines controlling several physiological functions like appetite, insulin sensitivity and secretion, immunity, coagulation, and vascular tone, among others. Many aspects of adipose tissue pathophysiology in metabolic diseases have been described in the last years. Recent data suggest two main factors for adipose tissue dysfunction: accumulation of nonesterified fatty acids and their secondary products and hypoxia. Both of these factors are thought to be on the basis of low-grade inflammatory activation, further increasing metabolic dysregulation in adipose tissue. In turn, inflammation is involved in the inhibition of substrate uptake, alteration of the secretory profile, stimulation of angiogenesis, and recruitment of further inflammatory cells, which creates an inflammatory feedback in the tissue and is responsible for long-term establishment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Matafome
- Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Zhang J, Jing JJ, Jia XL, Qiao LY, Liu JH, Liang C, Liu WZ. mRNA Expression of Ovine Angiopoietin-like Protein 4 Gene in Adipose Tissues. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 29:615-23. [PMID: 26954186 PMCID: PMC4852221 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is involved in a variety of functions, including lipoprotein metabolism and angiogenesis. To reveal the role of ANGPTL4 in fat metabolism of sheep, ovine ANGPTL4 mRNA expression was analyzed in seven adipose tissues from two breeds with distinct tail types. Forty-eight animals with the gender ratio of 1:1 for both Guangling Large Tailed (GLT) and Small Tailed Han (STH) sheep were slaughtered at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 months of age, respectively. Adipose tissues were collected from greater and lesser omental, subcutaneous, retroperitoneal, perirenal, mesenteric, and tail fats. Ontogenetic mRNA expression of ANGPTL4 in these adipose tissues from GTL and STH was studied by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that ANGPTL4 mRNA expressed in all adipose tissues studied with the highest in subcutaneous and the lowest in mesenteric fat depots. Months of age, tissue and breed are the main factors that significantly influence the mRNA expression. These results provide new insights into ovine ANGPTL4 gene expression and clues for its function mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Jiong-Jie Jing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Xia-Li Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Li-Ying Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Chen Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Wen-Zhong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
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Bessis D, Bigorre M, Labrèze C. Reticular infantile hemangiomas with minimal or arrested growth associated with lipoatrophy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015; 72:828-33. [PMID: 25766364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reticular infantile hemangioma (RIH) with minimal or arrested growth (MAG) is an underrecognized variant of infantile hemangioma (IH). OBJECTIVE We describe a new clinical subtype of RIH-MAG associated with lipoatrophy. METHODS The medical charts and serial clinical photographs and imaging studies of 53 children given a diagnosis between 2004 and 2013 labeled as "abortive," "minimal or arrested growth," "reticular," or "congenital" hemangiomas were reviewed in the departments of dermatology and infantile plastic surgery of 2 French university hospital centers. RESULTS Seven children were identified with RIH-MAG associated with lipoatrophy. There were 3 main patterns: (1) a focal cutaneous depression; (2) semicircular lipoatrophy with a horizontal bandlike depression; and (3) segmental soft-tissue atrophy. One case of segmental RIH-MAG of the back of the foot was associated with genital abnormalities reminiscent of perineal hemangioma, external genitalia malformations, lipomyelomeningocele, vesicorenal abnormalities, imperforate anus, and skin tags (PELVIS) syndrome. LIMITATIONS The limitations were the retrospective study design, the small number of cases, and selection bias based on recall and photography. CONCLUSION RIH-MAG with lipoatrophy is an uncommon variant of IH that may be confused with other vascular anomalies, particularly capillary malformation, focal and atrophic cutis marmorata congenita telangiectatica, and rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma with lipoatrophy as a sequela.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Bessis
- University of Montpellier 1, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Center of Montpellier, INSERM 1058, Montpellier, France.
| | - Michèle Bigorre
- Department of Orthopedic and Plastic Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Center of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Labrèze
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, University Hospital Center of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Xiong Y, Qu Z, Chen N, Gong H, Song M, Chen X, Du J, Xu C. The local corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 signalling pathway partly mediates hypoxia-induced increases in lipolysis via the cAMP-protein kinase A signalling pathway in white adipose tissue. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 392:106-14. [PMID: 24859650 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to investigate the mechanisms by which the endogenous CRHR2 in white adipose tissue (WAT) regulates metabolic activities associated with lipogenesis and lipolysis under continuous exposure to hypoxia. We found that hypobaric hypoxia at a simulated altitude of 5000 m significantly reduced the body weight, food intake, and WAT mass of rats. Hypoxia also accelerated lipolysis and suppressed lipogenesis in WAT. Pretreatment with astressin 2B, a selective CRHR2 antagonist, partly but significantly attenuated the hypoxia-induced reductions in body weight and WAT mass by blocking the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA)-hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL)/perilipin signalling pathway. Astressin 2B treatment failed to attenuate hypoxia induced lipogenic inhibition. In conclusion, activation of endogenous WAT Ucn2/3 autocrine/paracrine pathway was involved in hypoxia induced lipolysis via CRHR2 - cAMP-PKA signalling pathway. This study provides the novel understanding of local CRHR2 signaling pathway playing important role in WAT loss and lipid metabolism under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuan Qu
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mintao Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizeng Du
- Division of Neurobiology and Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengli Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Rodrigues T, Matafome P, Seiça R. A vascular piece in the puzzle of adipose tissue dysfunction: mechanisms and consequences. Arch Physiol Biochem 2014; 120:1-11. [PMID: 24063516 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2013.838971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, several studies unravelled many aspects of adipose tissue pathophysiology in metabolic diseases. Some studies suggested hypoxia as one of such aspects, despite the exact mechanisms and pathophysiological significance is still partially unknown. Adipose tissue was shown to be hypoxic in obesity, mainly resulting from adipocyte hypertrophy, leading to increased activation of inflammatory pathways. In animal and cell models, hypoxia-induced inflammation was shown to lead to endocrine alterations and dysmetabolism. However, recent evidences suggest that instead of a simple low oxygenation theory, adipose tissue microvasculature may be regulated by a series of factors, including vasoactive factors like angiotensin II, angiogenesis and glycation, among others. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the role of these factors in the regulation of adipose tissue irrigation and the functional consequences of adipose tissue microvascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), University of Coimbra , Portugal
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O'Rourke RW, Meyer KA, Gaston G, White AE, Lumeng CN, Marks DL. Hexosamine biosynthesis is a possible mechanism underlying hypoxia's effects on lipid metabolism in human adipocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71165. [PMID: 23967162 PMCID: PMC3743867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxia regulates adipocyte metabolism. Hexosamine biosynthesis is implicated in murine 3T3L1 adipocyte differentiation and is a possible underlying mechanism for hypoxia's effects on adipocyte metabolism. METHODS Lipid metabolism was studied in human visceral and subcutaneous adipocytes in in vitro hypoxic culture with adipophilic staining, glycerol release, and palmitate oxidation assays. Gene expression and hexosamine biosynthesis activation was studied with QRTPCR, immunofluorescence microscopy, and Western blotting. RESULTS Hypoxia inhibits lipogenesis and induces basal lipolysis in visceral and subcutaneous human adipocytes. Hypoxia induces fatty acid oxidation in visceral adipocytes but had no effect on fatty acid oxidation in subcutaneous adipocytes. Hypoxia inhibits hexosamine biosynthesis in adipocytes. Inhibition of hexosamine biosynthesis with azaserine attenuates lipogenesis and induces lipolysis in adipocytes in normoxic conditions, while promotion of hexosamine biosynthesis with glucosamine in hypoxic conditions slightly increases lipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia's net effect on human adipocyte lipid metabolism would be expected to impair adipocyte buffering capacity and contribute to systemic lipotoxicity. Our data suggest that hypoxia may mediate its effects on lipogenesis and lipolysis through inhibition of hexosamine biosynthesis. Hexosamine biosynthesis represents a target for manipulation of adipocyte metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W O'Rourke
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America.
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Effect of Soymilk Fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum P-8 on Lipid Metabolism and Fecal Microbiota in Experimental Hyperlipidemic Rats. FOOD BIOPHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-012-9282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Densities of Orbital Fat and Extraocular Muscles in Graves Orbitopathy Patients and Controls. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 27:236-40. [DOI: 10.1097/iop.0b013e31820365d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zeng J, Wang J, Gao W, Mohammadreza A, Kelbauskas L, Zhang W, Johnson RH, Meldrum DR. Quantitative single-cell gene expression measurements of multiple genes in response to hypoxia treatment. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:3-13. [PMID: 21614642 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene transcription plays a central role in a variety of vital cell processes. To quantify gene expression heterogeneity patterns among cells and to determine their biological significance, methods to measure gene expression levels at the single-cell level are highly needed. We report an experimental technique based on the DNA-intercalating fluorescent dye SYBR green for quantitative expression level analysis of up to ten selected genes in single mammalian cells. The method features a two-step procedure consisting of a step to isolate RNA from a single mammalian cell, synthesize cDNA from it, and a qPCR step. We applied the method to cell populations exposed to hypoxia, quantifying expression levels of seven different genes spanning a wide dynamic range of expression in randomly picked single cells. In the experiment, 72 single Barrett's esophageal epithelial (CP-A) cells, 36 grown under normal physiological conditions (controls) and 36 exposed to hypoxia for 30 min, were randomly collected and used for measuring the expression levels of 28S rRNA, PRKAA1, GAPDH, Angptl4, MT3, PTGES, and VEGFA genes. The results demonstrate that the method is sensitive enough to measure alterations in gene expression at the single-cell level, clearly showing heterogeneity within a cell population. We present technical details of the method development and implementation, and experimental results obtained by use of the procedure. We expect the advantages of this technique will facilitate further developments and advances in the field of single-cell gene expression profiling on a nanotechnological scale, and eventually as a tool for future point-of-care medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zeng
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6501, USA
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Yin J, Gao Z, He Q, Zhou D, Guo Z, Ye J. Role of hypoxia in obesity-induced disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 296:E333-42. [PMID: 19066318 PMCID: PMC2645021 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.90760.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that adipose tissue hypoxia (ATH) may contribute to endocrine dysfunction in adipose tissue of obese mice. In this study, we examined hypoxia's effects on metabolism in adipocytes. We determined the dynamic relationship of ATH and adiposity in ob/ob mice. The interstitial oxygen pressure (Po(2)) was monitored in the epididymal fat pads for ATH. During weight gain from 39.5 to 55.5 g, Po(2) declined from 34.8 to 20.1 mmHg, which are 40-60% lower than those in the lean mice. Insulin receptor-beta (IRbeta) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) were decreased in the adipose tissue of obese mice, and the alteration was observed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes after hypoxia (1% oxygen) treatment. Insulin-induced glucose uptake and Akt Ser(473) phosphorylation was blocked by hypoxia in the adipocytes. This effect of hypoxia exhibited cell type specificity, as it was not observed in L6 myotubes and betaTC6 cells. In response to hypoxia, free fatty acid (FFA) uptake was reduced and lipolysis was increased in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The molecular mechanism of decreased fatty acid uptake may be related to inhibition of fatty acid transporters (FATP1 and CD36) and transcription factors (PPARgamma and C/EBPalpha) by hypoxia. The hypoxia-induced lipolysis was observed in vivo after femoral arterial clamp. Necrosis and apoptosis were induced by hypoxia in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These data suggest that ATH may promote FFA release and inhibit glucose uptake in adipocytes by inhibition of the insulin-signaling pathway and induction of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State Univ. System, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
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Herrera-Herrera M, Zapata-Bustos R, Salazar-Olivo L. Simplified culture techniques for growth and differentiation of murine and human pre-adipocytes for translational applications. Cytotherapy 2009; 11:52-60. [DOI: 10.1080/14653240802495963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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