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Jiang Y, Gong F. Immune cells in adipose tissue microenvironment under physiological and obese conditions. Endocrine 2024; 83:10-25. [PMID: 37768512 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review will focus on the immune cells in adipose tissue microenvironment and their regulatory roles in metabolic homeostasis of adipose tissue and even the whole body under physiological and obese conditions. METHODS This review used PubMed searches of current literature to examine adipose tissue immune cells and cytokines, as well as the complex interactions between them. RESULTS Aside from serving as a passive energy depot, adipose tissue has shown specific immunological function. Adipose tissue microenvironment is enriched with a large number of immune cells and cytokines, whose physiological regulation plays a crucial role for metabolic homeostasis. However, obesity causes pro-inflammatory alterations in these adipose tissue immune cells, which have detrimental effects on metabolism and increase the susceptibility of individuals to the obesity related diseases. CONCLUSIONS Adipose tissue microenvironment is enriched with various immune cells and cytokines, which regulate metabolic homeostasis of adipose tissue and even the whole body, whether under physiological or obese conditions. Targeting key immune cells and cytokines in adipose tissue microenvironment for obesity treatment becomes an attractive research point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fengying Gong
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Cao Y, Yan J, Dong Z, Wang J, Jiang X, Cui T, Huang Y, Liu H. Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells are Ideal for the Cell-based Treatment of Refractory Wounds: Strong Potential for Angiogenesis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:313-328. [PMID: 37874529 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Although Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)-based therapy has been proposed as a promising strategy for the treatment of chronic lower-extremity ulcers, their optimal sources, amounts, and delivery methods are urgently needed to be determined. In this study, we compared the heterogeneity of the human MSCs derived from bone marrow (BMSCs), umbilical cord (UCMSCs), and adipose tissue (ADSCs) in accelerating wound healing and promoting angiogenesis and explored the underlying mechanism. Briefly, a diabetic rat model with a full-thickness cutaneous wound on the dorsal foot was developed. The wound was topically administered with three types of MSCs. Additionally, we carried out in vitro and in vivo analysis of the angiogenic properties of the MSCs. Moreover, the molecular mechanism of the heterogeneity of the MSCs derived from the three tissues was explored by transcriptome sequencing. When compared with the BMSCs- and UCMSCs-treated groups, the ADSCs-treated group exhibited markedly accelerated healing efficiency, characterized by increased wound closure rates, enhanced angiogenesis, and collagen deposition at the wound site. The three types of MSCs formed three-dimensional capillary-like structures and promoted angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, with ADSCs exhibiting the highest capacity for tube formation and pro-angiogenesis. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing revealed that ADSCs had higher expression levels of angiogenesis-associated genes. Our findings indicate that MSCs-based therapy accelerates the healing of ischemia- and diabetes-induced lower-extremity ulcers and that adipose tissue-derived MSCs might be ideal for therapeutic angiogenesis and treatment of chronic ischemic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Cao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Innovative Technology Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Yan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Innovative Technology Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Innovative Technology Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Innovative Technology Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Taixing Cui
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Yuesheng Huang
- Department of Wound Repair, Institute of Wound Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China.
- Innovative Technology Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Richardson LA, Basu A, Chien LC, Alman AC, Snell-Bergeon JK. Longitudinal associations of physical activity with inflammatory markers in US adults with and without type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 206:110978. [PMID: 37890704 PMCID: PMC10841646 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the longitudinal associations of different levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with C-reactive protein (CRP), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and fibrinogen. METHODS We conducted longitudinal analyses with data from the Coronary Artery Calcification in T1D (CACTI) cohort, which included individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D, n = 563) and without diabetes mellitus (non-DM, n = 692) with ∼ 3 years follow-up. Individuals were divided into groups to perform two analyses: 1) those who performed any MVPA and those who were sedentary (0 mins/week) and 2) those who performed 1-149 mins/week, ≥150 mins/week, or who were sedentary. Mixed effect models with an unstructured covariance structure were applied. RESULTS Compared to sedentary individuals, any MVPA was associated with a -2.96 % decrease in fibrinogen (p-value = 0.0043) and a -11.23 % decrease in PAI-1 (p-value = 0.0007) in combined analyses. Stratified analyses found 1-149 mins/week and ≥ 150 mins/week were associated with significant decreases in fibrinogen, -5.31 % and -3.44 %, respectively, in those with T1D. Both the non-DM and T1D groups had significant decreases in PAI-1 associated with ≥ 150 mins/week (-9.11 % and -16.96 %, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight that meeting ≥ 150 mins/week of MVPA is inversely associated with inflammatory markers linked with increased CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Ann Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, United States
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, United States.
| | - Lung-Chang Chien
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, United States
| | - Amy C Alman
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, United States
| | - Janet K Snell-Bergeon
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, United States
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Bonetti G, Dhuli K, Kaftalli J, Micheletti C, Donato K, Michelini S, Ricci M, Cestari M, Fulcheri E, Michelini S, Herbst KL, Marceddu G, Bertelli M. Characterization of somatic mutations in the pathogenesis of lipedema. Clin Ter 2023; 174:249-255. [PMID: 37994772 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2023.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Lipedema, a complex and enigmatic adipose tissue disorder, remains poorly understood despite its significant impact on the patients' quality of life. Genetic investigations have uncovered potential contributors to its pathogenesis, including somatic mutations, which are nonheritable genetic alterations that can play a pivotal role in the development of this disease. Aim This review aims to elucidate the role of somatic mutations in the etiology of lipedema by examining their implications in adipose tissue biology, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. Results Studies focusing on leukocyte clones, genetic alterations like TET2 and DNMT3A, and the intricate interplay between adipose tissue and other organs have shed light on the underlying mechanisms driving lipedema. From the study of the scientific literature, mutations to genes correlated to three main pathways could be involved in the somatic development of lipedema: genes related to mitochondrial activity, genes related to localized disorders of subcutaneous adipose tissue, and genes of leukocyte clones. Conclusions The insights gained from these diverse studies converge to highlight the complex genetic underpinnings of lipedema and offer potential avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting somatic mutations to alleviate the burden of this condition on affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bonetti
- MAGI'S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - K Dhuli
- MAGI'S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
| | | | | | - K Donato
- MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners, USA
| | - S Michelini
- Vascular Diagnostics and Rehabilitation Service, Marino Hospital, ASL Roma 6, Marino, Italy
| | - M Ricci
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Italy
| | - M Cestari
- Study Centre Pianeta Linfedema, Terni, Italy
- Lymphology Sector of the Rehabilitation Service, USL Umbria 2, Terni, Italy
| | - E Fulcheri
- Fetal-Perinatal Pathology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Division of Anatomic Pathology. Department of Surgical and Diagno-stic Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Michelini
- Unit of Physical Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Neurosurgery, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - K L Herbst
- Total Lipedema Care, Beverly Hills, California, and Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - M Bertelli
- MAGI'S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners, USA
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Ying W, Chen Q, Cao J, Zhang Y, Pan X, Ye F, Hao D, Liu H, Tao X. Differences in the Fat Attenuation Index Ratio of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue And Aortic Root Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Various Plaques. Curr Med Imaging 2023:CMIR-EPUB-135754. [PMID: 37921149 DOI: 10.2174/0115734056264891231023054902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fat attenuation index (FAI) of pericoronary adipose tissue is associated with coronary inflammatory reactions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the difference in the FAI ratio between pericoronary adipose tissue volume and aortic root epicardial adipose tissue volume (AO-EATV) using computed tomography (CT) in various plaques. METHOD In total, 645 coronary artery CT angiogram images from 215 patients were collected. The types and number of coronary plaques were recorded, and the plaque volume and pericoronary FAI of each branch were compared between the groups. The ratio of the FAI in branches with or without plaques to the AO-EATV was determined and statistically analyzed between the groups. RESULTS No significant difference in the plaque volume among the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA) (P > 0.05) as well as in the FAI was observed among various plaque groups (P > 0.05). FAI[LAD]/AO-EATV was in the following order: noncalcified plaques (0.70 ± 0.06) < mixed plaques (0.72 ± 0.06) < calcified plaques (0.73 ± 0.08) < no plaques (0.74 ± 0.07); FAI[LCX]/AOEATV was in the following order: noncalcified plaques (0.71 ± 0.06) < mixed plaques (0.72 ± 0.08) < calcified plaques (0.73 ± 0.09) < no plaques (0.74 ± 0.06); and FAI[RCA]/AO-EATV was in the following order: noncalcified plaques (0.71 ± 0.06) < mixed plaques (0.73 ± 0.07) < calcified plaques (0.74 ± 0.07) < no plaques (0.75 ± 0.09); the differences were statistically significant in each group (P = 0.041, 0.043, and 0.028, respectively). CONCLUSION Compared to simply comparing FAI, FAI/AO-EATV varied in the coronary arteries in various plaque groups. FAI/AO-EATV was lower in noncalcified or mixed plaques and was associated with coronary inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Ying
- Department of Radiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Radiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Radiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Radiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Daguang Hao
- Department of Radiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Huili Liu
- Department of Radiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tao
- Department of Radiology, The Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Rustamzadeh A, Afshari D, Alizadeh-Otaghvar HR, Ahadi R, Raoofi A, Shabani R, Ariaei A, Moradi F. Horner syndrome: A new hypothesis for signaling pathway of enophthalmos sign. Curr J Neurol 2023; 22:197-200. [PMID: 38011358 PMCID: PMC10626143 DOI: 10.18502/cjn.v22i3.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The Article Abstract is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auob Rustamzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daryoush Afshari
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Reza Ahadi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Raoofi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ronak Shabani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ariaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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G. Ryabkov M, N. Egorikhina M, A. Koloshein N, S. Petrova K, G. Volovik M, Yu. Orlinskaya N, O. Moskovchenko A, N. Charykova I, Ya. Aleynik D, D. Linkova D, E. Pogodin I, I. Kobyakova I, Yu. Arefyev I. Effectiveness and Safety of Transplantation of the Stromal Vascular Fraction of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Wound Healing in the Donor Site in Patients with Third-Degree Skin Burns: A Randomized Trial. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2023; 37:70. [PMID: 37575690 PMCID: PMC10423061 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The quality of the wound healing at the donor site significantly determines the overall condition of the burn patient, the extent of wound fluid and protein losses, the severity of any systemic in-flammatory reaction, and the intensity of the pain syndrome. It is known that the stromal vas-cular fraction (SVF) has a beneficial effect on the healing of wound defects. This study is aimed at assessing the safety and effectiveness of the application of the SVF of autologous adipose tis-sue to stimulate wound healing of the donor site in patients with burns. Methods This placebo-controlled clinical study included 38 patients with third-degree thermal skin burns. The patients underwent liposuction, enzymatic isolation of the SVF, and intradermal injection of the preparation into the wounds in the donor site, followed by tewametry, cutome-try, thermography and biopsy after 12 days. Quantitative indicators were compared using the Mann-Whitney test for unrelated groups and the Wilcoxon test for related groups. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (RS) was used to assess the correlation. Results Epithelization of the wounds in all patients was seen over an average area of 88 (84;92) %, there being no significant differences between the actual and the control wound sites for this parameter. Transdermal water loss in the test wound sites was 2 times lower than in the control sites (P = 0.001). The wound donor sites regained their temperature distribution faster than the control sites (P = 0.042). Histological preparations of the skin of the wound sites revealed that their epidermal layer was 19% thicker compared to the controls (P = 0.043). It should be noted that five adverse events related to manipulations in the postoperative period were registered. Conclusion Transplantation of SVF autologous adipose tissue into the wound area in most clinical cases proceeded without complications. The area of epithelialization of wound areas af-ter the introduction of SVF did not change, although a significant decrease in transdermal water loss was observed in the wound areas with an improvement in their thermoregulation and an increase in the thickness of the epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim G. Ryabkov
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Marfa N. Egorikhina
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Nikita A. Koloshein
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Kseniya S. Petrova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Mikhail G. Volovik
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Nataliya Yu. Orlinskaya
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Aleksandra O. Moskovchenko
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Irina N. Charykova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Diana Ya. Aleynik
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Daria D. Linkova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Igor E. Pogodin
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Irina I. Kobyakova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Igor Yu. Arefyev
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Qian H, Chao X, Wang S, Li Y, Jiang X, Sun Z, Rülicke T, Zatloukal K, Ni HM, Ding WX. Loss of SQSTM1/p62 Induces Obesity and Exacerbates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Aged Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:1027-1049. [PMID: 36754207 PMCID: PMC10036741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a worldwide health problem, of which the effective treatment is still lacking. Both detrimental and protective roles of adipose tissue have been implicated in ALD. Although alcohol increases adipose tissue lipolysis to promote alcohol-induced liver injury, alcohol also activates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis as an adaptive response in protecting against alcohol-induced liver injury. Moreover, aging and obesity are also risk factors for ALD. In the present study, we investigated the effects of autophagy receptor protein SQSTM1/p62 on adipose tissue and obesity in alcohol-induced liver injury in both young and aged mice. METHODS Young and aged whole-body SQSTM1/p62 knockout (KO) and their age-matched wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to chronic plus binge (Gao-binge) alcohol feeding. Blood, adipose and liver tissues were collected for biochemical and histologic analysis. RESULTS Aged but not young SQSTM1/p62 KO mice had significantly increased body weight and fat mass compared with the matched WT mice. Gao-binge alcohol feeding induced white adipose atrophy and decreased levels of SQSTM1/p62 levels in adipose tissue in aged WT mice. SQSTM1/p62 KO aged mice were resistant to Gao-binge alcohol-induced white adipose atrophy. Alcohol feeding increased the expression of thermogenic genes in WT mouse BAT, which was significantly blunted in SQSTM1/p62 KO aged mice. Alcohol-fed aged SQSTM1/p62 KO mice showed significantly higher levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, hepatic triglyceride, and inflammation compared with young and aged WT mice fed with alcohol. Alcohol-fed SQSTM1/p62 KO mice also increased secretion of proinflammatory and angiogenic adipokines that may promote alcohol-induced liver injury. CONCLUSIONS Loss of SQSTM1/p62 in aged mice leads to obesity and impairs alcohol-induced BAT adaptation, resulting in exacerbated alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Xiaojuan Chao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shaogui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Xiaoxiao Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Zhaoli Sun
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kurt Zatloukal
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hong-Min Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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Honarpardaz A, Daliri Joupari M, Tavakkoli S. In Vitro Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Diacerein. Iran J Pharm Res 2023; 22:e137803. [PMID: 38444710 PMCID: PMC10912900 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-137803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Tissue engineering is the application system that tries to restore damaged tissues by different approaches, such as cellular therapy, application of cell differential factors, and various materials. One of the important goals in tissue engineering is to guide stem cells directly to the desired tissue, and researchers tried to utilize different molecules as effective factors to improve this technique. Objectives This study aims to demonstrate the effects of diacerein, a slow-acting drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis, on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and evaluate its potential in the chondrogenesis process. Methods Stem cells were isolated from adipose tissue, characterized by flow cytometry, and cells were treated with 10-5M diacerein for three weeks. Chondrogenic gene expression of SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN, and TGFB1 were analyzed by qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry techniques. Results Our results showed that diacerein increased the expression of the following genes involved in chondrogenesis: SOX9 (2.9-fold, P < 0.00), COL2A1 (2.2-fold, P < 0.00), ACAN (2.7-fold, P < 0.00), and TGFB1 (2.6-fold, P < 0.00). Immunocytochemistry results also showed increased production of collagen type II as the main protein marker for chondrocytes. Conclusions We observed that diacerein alone could initiate and enhance chondrogenesis, and it can be used as a differentiation factor for stem cells to chondrocyte besides its ability to inhibit IL-1β. Knowing the actual function of diacerein, it could be a good candidate for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Honarpardaz
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Daliri Joupari
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Tavakkoli
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gao T, Chen S, Han Y, Zhang D, Tan Y, He Y, Liu M. Ameliorating Inflammation in Insulin-resistant Rat Adipose Tissue with Abdominal Massage Regulates SIRT1/NF-κB Signaling. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:579-589. [PMID: 35907080 PMCID: PMC9388453 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It was the aim of this study to determine whether abdominal massage reverses high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance compared with RSV treatment. A total of sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly placed in one of four groups:the non-fat diet (NFD), the high-fat diet (HFD), the HFD with abdominal massage (HFD+ AM), and the HFD plus resveratrol (HFD+ RSV). For eight weeks, rats were fed high-fat diets to create insulin resistance, followed by six weeks of either AM or RSV. Molecular mechanisms of adipogenesis and cytokine production in rats with high-fat diets were investigated. The model rat adipose tissue showed significant improvements in obesity, glucose intolerance, and the accumulation of lipid in the body [the total cholesterol level (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], metabolic effects of glucose [The fasting blood glucose (FBG), Fasting insulin levels (FINS)], inflammatory status [interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-reactive protein (CRP)], and macrophage polarization after AM or RSV treatment. Further, AM increased SIRT1/NF-κB signaling in rat adipose tissue. Accordingly, in rat adipose tissue, our results indicate that AM regulates the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, blood sugar levels, and related signaling pathways, contributing to improvement of IR, which may serves as a new therapeutic approach for the treatment for IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Gao
- Departments of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130117, PR China
| | - Shaotao Chen
- Departments of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130117, PR China
| | - Yiran Han
- Departments of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130117, PR China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Departments of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130117, PR China
| | - Yi Tan
- Departments of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130117, PR China
| | - Yutao He
- Departments of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130117, PR China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Departments of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130117, PR China.
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Avesta L, Doustkami H, Zamani B, Nejati A, Mousavy S, Aslani MR. Association of plasma visfatin with epicardial fat thickness and severity of coronary artery diseases in patients with acute myocardial infarction and stable angina pectoris. ARYA Atheroscler 2022; 18:1-10. [PMID: 36817348 PMCID: PMC9937672 DOI: 10.48305/arya.v18i0.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated serum visfatin levels have been reported in some chronic inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and rheumatoid arthritis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between visfatin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and anthropometric, angiographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS In this case-control study, 90 patients who were candidates for angiography were divided into the following 3 groups: non-coronary artery disease group (non-CAD; n = 30) with a history of chest pain without angiographic changes, stable angina pectoris group (SAP; n = 30), and AMI group (n = 30). Anthropometric, angiographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters were measured in all subjects. RESULTS The mean age of patients in the non-CAD, SAP, and AMI groups was 62.26 ± 13.24, 62.93 ± 8.35, and 52.83 ± 10.26 years (P < 0.001) respectively. The results showed that the median [interquartile range] of visfatin level was higher in the AMI group [7 (6.30-9.30), pg/ml] compared with the SAP [5.85 (5.20-6.60); P < 0.001] and non-CAD [5.20 (3.30-5.70); P < 0.001] groups. In addition, median [interquartile range] IL-6 levels were higher in the AMI group [17.5 (16-21), pg/ml] compared with the SAP [15.50 (14-18); P < 0.01] and non-CAD [14 (11-17); P < 0.001] groups. Furthermore, there was a positive association between plasma level of visfatin, and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and the Gensini score in the SAP and AMI patients. The results of multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that white blood cell ý(WBC) count and IL-6 were independently associated with plasma visfatin level. CONCLUSION The current study showed an association between visfatin and EFT in AMI patients. Increased visfatin levels in patients with AMI may contribute to atherosclerosis; however, further studies should be conducted to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leli Avesta
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hossein Doustkami
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Bijan Zamani
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Afshin Nejati
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sajad Mousavy
- School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Aslani
- Lung Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil AND Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Address for correspondence: Mohammad Reza Aslani; Lung Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of
Medical Sciences, Ardabil AND Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;
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Langner T, Martínez Mora A, Strand R, Ahlström H, Kullberg J. MIMIR: Deep Regression for Automated Analysis of UK Biobank MRI Scans. Radiol Artif Intell 2022; 4:e210178. [PMID: 35652115 PMCID: PMC9152682 DOI: 10.1148/ryai.210178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
UK Biobank (UKB) has recruited more than 500 000 volunteers from the United Kingdom, collecting health-related information on genetics, lifestyle, blood biochemistry, and more. Ongoing medical imaging of 100 000 participants with 70 000 follow-up sessions will yield up to 170 000 MRI scans, enabling image analysis of body composition, organs, and muscle. This study presents an experimental inference engine for automated analysis of UKB neck-to-knee body 1.5-T MRI scans. This retrospective cross-validation study includes data from 38 916 participants (52% female; mean age, 64 years) to capture baseline characteristics, such as age, height, weight, and sex, as well as measurements of body composition, organ volumes, and abstract properties, such as grip strength, pulse rate, and type 2 diabetes status. Prediction intervals for each end point were generated based on uncertainty quantification. On a subsequent release of UKB data, the proposed method predicted 12 body composition metrics with a 3% median error and yielded mostly well-calibrated individual prediction intervals. The processing of MRI scans from 1000 participants required 10 minutes. The underlying method used convolutional neural networks for image-based mean-variance regression on two-dimensional representations of the MRI data. An implementation was made publicly available for fast and fully automated estimation of 72 different measurements from future releases of UKB image data. Keywords: MRI, Adipose Tissue, Obesity, Metabolic Disorders, Volume Analysis, Whole-Body Imaging, Quantification, Supervised Learning, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) © RSNA, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Langner
- From the Departments of Surgical Sciences (T.L., A.M.M., R.S., H.A.,
J.K.) and Information Technology (R.S.), Uppsala University, Akademiska
sjukhuset, ingång 78, 1tr, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros
Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| | - Andrés Martínez Mora
- From the Departments of Surgical Sciences (T.L., A.M.M., R.S., H.A.,
J.K.) and Information Technology (R.S.), Uppsala University, Akademiska
sjukhuset, ingång 78, 1tr, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros
Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| | - Robin Strand
- From the Departments of Surgical Sciences (T.L., A.M.M., R.S., H.A.,
J.K.) and Information Technology (R.S.), Uppsala University, Akademiska
sjukhuset, ingång 78, 1tr, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros
Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- From the Departments of Surgical Sciences (T.L., A.M.M., R.S., H.A.,
J.K.) and Information Technology (R.S.), Uppsala University, Akademiska
sjukhuset, ingång 78, 1tr, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros
Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| | - Joel Kullberg
- From the Departments of Surgical Sciences (T.L., A.M.M., R.S., H.A.,
J.K.) and Information Technology (R.S.), Uppsala University, Akademiska
sjukhuset, ingång 78, 1tr, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros
Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
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Bridge CP, Best TD, Wrobel MM, Marquardt JP, Magudia K, Javidan C, Chung JH, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Andriole KP, Fintelmann FJ. A Fully Automated Deep Learning Pipeline for Multi-Vertebral Level Quantification and Characterization of Muscle and Adipose Tissue on Chest CT Scans. Radiol Artif Intell 2022; 4:e210080. [PMID: 35146434 DOI: 10.1148/ryai.210080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Body composition on chest CT scans encompasses a set of important imaging biomarkers. This study developed and validated a fully automated analysis pipeline for multi-vertebral level assessment of muscle and adipose tissue on routine chest CT scans. This study retrospectively trained two convolutional neural networks on 629 chest CT scans from 629 patients (55% women; mean age, 67 years ± 10 [standard deviation]) obtained between 2014 and 2017 prior to lobectomy for primary lung cancer at three institutions. A slice-selection network was developed to identify an axial image at the level of the fifth, eighth, and 10th thoracic vertebral bodies. A segmentation network (U-Net) was trained to segment muscle and adipose tissue on an axial image. Radiologist-guided manual-level selection and segmentation generated ground truth. The authors then assessed the predictive performance of their approach for cross-sectional area (CSA) (in centimeters squared) and attenuation (in Hounsfield units) on an independent test set. For the pipeline, median absolute error and intraclass correlation coefficients for both tissues were 3.6% (interquartile range, 1.3%-7.0%) and 0.959-0.998 for the CSA and 1.0 HU (interquartile range, 0.0-2.0 HU) and 0.95-0.99 for median attenuation. This study demonstrates accurate and reliable fully automated multi-vertebral level quantification and characterization of muscle and adipose tissue on routine chest CT scans. Keywords: Skeletal Muscle, Adipose Tissue, CT, Chest, Body Composition Analysis, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Supervised Learning Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Bridge
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - Till D Best
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - Maria M Wrobel
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - J Peter Marquardt
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - Kirti Magudia
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - Cylen Javidan
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - Jonathan H Chung
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - Katherine P Andriole
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
| | - Florian J Fintelmann
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Clinical Data Science (C.P.B., J.K.C., K.P.A.); Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology (C.P.B, K.P.A.); Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention (T.D.B., M.M.W., J.P.M., F.J.F.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, (K.P.A.), 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (T.D.B.); Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (M.M.W.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (K.M.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (C.J.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (J.H.C.)
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Abedpoor N, Taghian F, Hajibabaie F. Physical activity ameliorates the function of organs via adipose tissue in metabolic diseases. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151844. [PMID: 35045377 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a dynamic organ in the endocrine system that can connect organs by secreting molecules and bioactive. Hence, adipose tissue really plays a pivotal role in regulating metabolism, inflammation, energy homeostasis, and thermogenesis. Disruption of hub bioactive molecules secretion such as adipokines leads to dysregulate metabolic communication between adipose tissue and other organs in non-communicable disorders. Moreover, a sedentary lifestyle may be a risk factor for adipose tissue function. Physical inactivity leads to fat tissue accumulation and promotes obesity, Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, fatty liver, osteoporosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. On the other hand, physical activity may ameliorate and protect the body against metabolic disorders, triggering thermogenesis, metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, β-oxidation, and glucose uptake. Furthermore, physical activity provides an inter-organ association and cross-talk between different tissues by improving adipose tissue function, reprogramming gene expression, modulating molecules and bioactive factors. Also, physical activity decreases chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and improves metabolic features in adipose tissue. The current review focuses on the beneficial effect of physical activity on the cardiovascular, locomotor, digestive, and nervous systems. In addition, we visualize protein-protein interactions networks between hub proteins involved in dysregulating metabolic induced by adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Abedpoor
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Taghian
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Hajibabaie
- Department of Physiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
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Arefanian H, Al-Khairi I, Khalaf NA, Cherian P, Kavalakatt S, Madhu D, Mathur A, Qaddoumi MG, Al-Mulla F, Abubaker J, Abu-Farha M. Increased expression level of ANGPTL8 in white adipose tissue under acute and chronic cold treatment. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:117. [PMID: 34565390 PMCID: PMC8466641 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTL), primarily 3, 4, and 8, play a major role in maintaining energy homeostasis by regulating triglyceride metabolism. This study evaluated the level of ANGPTL3, 4, and 8 in the liver, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SAT) of mice maintained under acute and chronic cold conditions. Methods C57BL/6J mice were exposed to cold temperature (4 °C) for 10 days with food provided ad libitum. Animal tissues were harvested at Day 0 (Control group, n = 5) and Days 1, 3, 5, and 10 (cold treatment groups, n = 10 per group). The expression levels of various genes were measured in the liver, SAT, and BAT. ANGPTL3, 4, and 8 expressions were measured in the liver. ANGPTL4, 8, and genes involved in browning and lipid metabolism [uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)] were measured in SAT and BAT. Western blotting (WB) analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to confirm ANGPTL8 expression in these tissues. Results The expressions of ANGPTL3 and 8 mRNA were significantly reduced in mouse liver tissues after cold treatment (P < 0.05); however, the expression of ANGPTL4 was not significantly altered. In BAT, ANGPTL8 expression was unchanged after cold treatment, whereas ANGPTL4 expression was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). ANGPTL4 levels were also significantly reduced in SAT, whereas ANGPTL8 gene expression exhibited over a 5-fold increase. Similarly, UCP1 gene expression was also significantly increased in SAT. The mRNA levels of LPL and ATGL showed an initial increase followed by a gradual decrease with an increase in the days of cold exposure. ANGPTL8 protein overexpression was further confirmed by WB and IHC. Conclusions This study shows that exposure to acute and chronic cold treatment results in the differential expression of ANGPTL proteins in the liver and adipose tissues (SAT and BAT). The results show a significant reduction in ANGPTL4 in BAT, which is linked to improved thermogenesis in response to acute cold exposure. ANGPTL8 was activated under acute and chronic cold conditions in SAT, suggesting that it is involved in regulating lipolysis and enhancing SAT browning. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-021-01547-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Arefanian
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Irina Al-Khairi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Nermeen Abu Khalaf
- Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Preethi Cherian
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sina Kavalakatt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Dhanya Madhu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Aditi Mathur
- Special Service Facility, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Mohamed G Qaddoumi
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait. .,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Unit, P.O. Box 1180, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait.
| | - Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait. .,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Unit, P.O. Box 1180, 15462, Dasman, Kuwait.
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16
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Monti CB, Capra D, Zanardo M, Guarnieri G, Schiaffino S, Secchi F, Sardanelli F. CT-derived epicardial adipose tissue density: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Radiol 2021; 143:109902. [PMID: 34482178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our work was to systematically review and meta-analyze epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) density values reported in literature, assessing potential correlations of EAT density with segmentation thresholds and other technical and clinical variables. METHOD A systematic search was performed, aiming for papers reporting global EAT density values in Hounsfield Units (HU) in patients undergoing chest CT for any clinical indication. After screening titles, abstract and full text of each retrieved work, studies reporting mean and standard deviation for EAT density were ultimately included. Technical, clinical and EAT data were extracted, and divided into subgroups according to clinical conditions of reported subjects. Pooled density analyses were performed both overall and for subgroups according to clinical conditions. Metaregression analyses were done to appraise the impact of clinical and technical variables on EAT volume. RESULTS Out of 152 initially retrieved works, 13 were ultimately included, totaling for 7683 subjects. EAT density showed an overall pooled value of -85.86 HU (95% confidence interval [95% CI] -91.84, -79.89 HU), being -86.40 HU (95% CI -112.69, -60.12 HU) in healthy subjects and -80.71 HU (95% CI -87.43, -73.99 HU) in patients with coronary artery disease. EAT volume and lower and higher segmentation thresholds were found to be significantly correlated with EAT density (p = 0.044, p < 0.001 and p< 0.001 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Patients with coronary artery disease appear to present with higher EAT density values, while the correlations observed at metaregression highlight the need for well-established, shared thresholds for EAT segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina B Monti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Davide Capra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Moreno Zanardo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Guarnieri
- Postgraduation School in Cardiology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Schiaffino
- Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Secchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Sardanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy
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17
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Srivastava A, Palaia T, Hall C, Stevenson M, Lee J, Ragolia L. Lipocalin-type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase appears to function as a Novel Adipokine Preventing Adipose Dysfunction in response to a High Fat Diet. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2021; 157:106585. [PMID: 34371198 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2021.106585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Adipose dysfunction is the primary defect in obesity that contributes to the development of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and some cancers. Previously, we demonstrated the development of NAFLD in lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS) knockout mice regardless of diet. In the present study, we examined the role of L-PGDS in adipose in response to a high fat diet. We observed decreased expression of L-PGDS in adipose tissue and concomitant lower plasma levels in a dietary model of obesity as well as in insulin resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We show reduced adiponectin expression and phosphorylation of AMPK in white adipose tissue of L-PGDS KO mice after 14 weeks on a high fat diet as compared to control C57BL/6 mice. We also observe an increased fat content in L-PGDS KO mice as demonstrated by adipocyte hypertrophy and increased expression of lipogenenic genes. We confirmed our in vivo findings in in vitro 3T3-L1 adipocytes, using an enzymatic inhibitor of L-PGDS (AT56). Rosiglitazone treatment drastically increased L-PGDS expression in insulin resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes and increased adiponectin expression and AMPK phosphorylation in AT56 treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We conclude that the absence of L-PGDS has a deleterious effect on adipose tissue functioning, which further reduces insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue. Consequently, we propose L-PGDS appears to function as a potential member of the adipokine secretome involved in the regulation of the obesity-associated metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Srivastava
- Department of Biomedical research, NYU Langone Hospital, Long Island, United States
| | - Thomas Palaia
- Department of Biomedical research, NYU Langone Hospital, Long Island, United States; Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, 101 Mineola Blvd. Suite 4-003, Mineola, NY, 11501, United States
| | - Christopher Hall
- Department of Biomedical research, NYU Langone Hospital, Long Island, United States
| | - Matthew Stevenson
- Department of Biomedical research, NYU Langone Hospital, Long Island, United States
| | - Jenny Lee
- Department of Biomedical research, NYU Langone Hospital, Long Island, United States
| | - Louis Ragolia
- Department of Biomedical research, NYU Langone Hospital, Long Island, United States; Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, 101 Mineola Blvd. Suite 4-003, Mineola, NY, 11501, United States.
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18
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Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease of global epidemic proportions. Adipose tissue expansion and chronic low-grade inflammation, locally and systemically, are hallmark features of obesity. Obesity is associated with several other chronic diseases, which are also characterized by inflammation. Determination of adipocyte size and macrophage content in adipose tissue is a critical step in assessing changes in this tissue with obesity. Here, we introduce a complete standalone software package, AdipoGauge, to analyse microscopic images derived from haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained and immunofluorescently stained histology sections of adipose tissue. The software package is a user-friendly application that does not require a vast knowledge of computer science or costly commercial tools. AdipoGauge includes analysing tools that are capable of cell counting and colour separation. Furthermore, it can quantify the cell data in images both with and without clear boundaries around the cells. It can also remove objects from the image that are not intended for analysis, such as blood vessels or partial cells at edges of slide sections. The simple and state-of-the-art graphical user interface requires minimal time and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yosofvand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sanka Liyanage
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Nishan S. Kalupahana
- Department of Physiology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Shane Scoggin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Hanna Moussa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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19
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Gkastaris K, Goulis DG, Potoupnis M, Anastasilakis AD, Kapetanos G. Obesity, osteoporosis and bone metabolism. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2020; 20:372-381. [PMID: 32877973 DOI: pmid/32877973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and osteoporosis have become major global health problems over the last decades as their prevalence is increasing. The interaction between obesity and bone metabolism is complex and not fully understood. Historically, obesity was thought to be protective against osteoporosis;however, several studies have challenged this belief. Even though the majority of the studies suggest that obesity has a favourable effect on bone density, it is unclear what the effect of obesity is on skeletal microarchitecture. Additionally, the effects of obesity on skeletal strength might be site-dependent as obese individuals are at higher risk of certain fractures. Several mechanical, biochemical and hormonal mechanisms have been proposed to explain the association between the adipose tissue and bone. Mechanical loading has positive effects on bone health, but this may not suffice in obesity. Low-grade systemic inflammation is probably harmful to the bone and increased bone marrow adipogenesis may lead to decreased bone mass in obese individuals. Finally, visceral abdominal fat may exert different actions to the bone compared with the subcutaneous fat. Achieving a better understanding of the association between adipose and bone tissue may help to identify new molecular therapeutic targets that will promote osteoblastic activity and/or inhibit adipogenesis and osteoclastic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Gkastaris
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Potoupnis
- Academic Orthopaedic Unit of Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Kapetanos
- Academic Orthopaedic Unit of Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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20
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Sambuy MTC, Nakamoto HA, Bolliger Neto R, Mattar Jr. R, Rezende MR, Wei TH. RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF LIMITED FASCIOTOMY WITH INJECTION OF ADIPOSE GRAFT FOR DUPUYTREN'S DISEASE. Acta ortop bras 2020; 28:159-164. [PMID: 32788855 PMCID: PMC7405848 DOI: 10.1590/1413-785220202804233522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective Dupuytren's disease is a genetic disorder related to the proliferation of myofibroblasts. The pluripotent property of stem cells present in adipose tissue inhibits myofibroblast proliferation. Our study sought to evaluate the effect of stem cell-rich fat grafts in patients that underwent limited fasciotomy. Methods We studied 45 patients, in a single-blind, prospective, randomized clinical trial. All patients underwent limited fasciotomy. In one group, fat graft was injected. Results The total passive extension deficit results did not exhibit a significant difference. Fat group exhibited worse functional score at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, such as higher complication rates (43%), when compared with control group (8%), and more pain at 6 weeks follow-up. Conclusion Fat grafting associated with limited fasciotomy promotes worse functional results compared to conventional limited fasciotomy in the short term. However, long-term results and recurrence rates should be further assessed. Level of Evidence II, Prospective comparative study.
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21
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Ozal E. The Relationship Between Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Presence of Left Atrial Thrombus in Mitral Stenosis Patients. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 35:471-476. [PMID: 32864926 PMCID: PMC7454631 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2019-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the relationship between the left atrial (LA) thrombus presence and the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness. Methods Three hundred and twelve consecutive rheumatic mitral valve stenosis (RMVS) patients with mitral valve area (MVA) < 2 cm2 were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients were divided into two groups, those with and those without LA thrombus. Routine biochemical analysis and electrocardiographic examinations were carried out. EAT was measured using transthoracic echocardiography. Results LA thrombus was determined in 84 (26.9%) RMVS patients. In echocardiographic examinations, higher mean gradient and LA diameter as well as lower MVA were found in the group with LA thrombus (P<0.001). In this group, higher C-reactive protein (CRP) and EAT values were also determined (P<0.001). There was significant correlation between EAT and MVA, CRP, LA appendage peak flow velocity, LA anteroposterior diameter, and mean gradient (P<0.001). Higher EAT values were identified as independently associated with the presence of LA thrombus (odds ratio 59.5; 95% confidence interval 12.1-290.10; P<0.001). Conclusion Transthoracic echocardiography, routinely used in patients with RMVS, can measure EAT to determine patients who are under risk for thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ender Ozal
- Department of Cardiology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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22
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Abstract
Angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm of the renal parenchyma, accounting for 1% of all renal parenchymal tumors. However, this entity may rarely occur in extrarenal sites. Extrarenal angiomyolipoma has been documented in various sites of the body, but angiomyolipoma of the broad ligament was reported in only two cases. We report the reputed third case of angiomyolipoma of the broad ligament in a 33-year-old female, who presented clinically with abdominal distension. With a working diagnosis of low-grade neoplasm, an en-bloc excision of the left broad ligament mass was performed. Based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry, a diagnosis of the classical variant of angiomyolipoma of the left broad ligament was made. The post-operative period was uneventful with no recurrence after 6 months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Dutta
- North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Department of Pathology. Shillong, India
| | - Evarisalin Marbaniang
- North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Department of Pathology. Shillong, India
| | - Biswajit Dey
- North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Department of Pathology. Shillong, India
| | - Bifica Sofia Lyngdoh
- North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Department of Pathology. Shillong, India
| | - Vandana Raphael
- North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Department of Pathology. Shillong, India
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23
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Abstract
As obesity becomes a global epidemic, the metabolism research field is increasingly focusing on studying the physiological and pathological roles of adipose tissues (AT). However, extracting proteins from AT is challenging due to abundant fat content of intracellular lipid droplets. Several commercial kits for extraction of AT proteins are available, as are protocols (such as the RELi protocol as well as other protein precipitation protocols). The protocols have been introduced to improve the quality and yield of extractions, but these methods either increase the cost or involve multiple steps. Herein, we describe a detailed protocol for mouse AT protein extractions based on our daily laboratory practice. This protocol requires only very common reagents and instruments, and can be completed in 90-120 min and provides good recovery of total protein content. Thus, this protocol is an economically attractive, time-saving and efficient way to extract proteins from the AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine; Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine; Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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24
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Azzu V, Vacca M, Virtue S, Allison M, Vidal-Puig A. Adipose Tissue-Liver Cross Talk in the Control of Whole-Body Metabolism: Implications in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:1899-1912. [PMID: 32061598 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue and the liver play significant roles in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis, but they have not evolved to cope with the continuous, chronic, nutrient surplus seen in obesity. In this review, we detail how prolonged metabolic stress leads to adipose tissue dysfunction, inflammation, and adipokine release that results in increased lipid flux to the liver. Overall, the upshot of hepatic fat accumulation alongside an insulin-resistant state is that hepatic lipid enzymatic pathways are modulated and overwhelmed, resulting in the selective buildup of toxic lipid species, which worsens the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic shift observed in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vian Azzu
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Hospital; The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge.
| | - Michele Vacca
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Hospital
| | - Samuel Virtue
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Hospital
| | - Michael Allison
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke's Hospital; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
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25
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Santareno S, Cerqueira J, Português J, Cruz J, Ramalho R, Guimarães C. [Correction to the article "The Role of Adipose Tissue and Macrophages in Chronic Inflammation Associated with Obesity - Clinical Implications", published on Acta Med Port 2008; 21: 489-496]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2020; 33:217. [PMID: 32130106 DOI: 10.20344/amp.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
On page 489, on the authorship list, where it reads: Renata RAMALHO, Cristina GUIMARÃES It should read: Sofia SANTARENO, Joao CERQUEIRA, Joao PORTUGUÊS, Joana CRUZ, Renata RAMALHO, Cristina GUIMARÃESOn page 489, on the right-side column where it reads: R.R., C.G.: Serviço e Laboratório de Imunologia. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto. Porto It should read: S.S., J.C., J.P., J.C.: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto. PortoR.R., C.G.: Serviço e Laboratório de Imunologia. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto. PortoOn the headers of pages number 490, 491, 492, 493, 494 and 495, where it reads: Renata RAMALHO et al, Papel do tecido adiposo e dos macrófagos no estado de inflamação..., Acta Med Port. 2008; 21(5):489-496 It should read Sofia SANTARENO et al, Papel do tecido adiposo e dos macrófagos no estado de inflamação..., Acta Med Port. 2008; 21(5):489-496Article published with errors:https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/1635
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joana Cruz
- Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade do Porto. Portugal
| | - Renata Ramalho
- Serviço e Laboratório de Imunologia. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade do Porto. Portugal
| | - Cristina Guimarães
- Serviço e Laboratório de Imunologia. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade do Porto. Portugal
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Val CH, de Oliveira MC, Lacerda DR, Barroso A, Batista NV, Menezes-Garcia Z, de Assis DRR, Cramer AT, Brant F, Teixeira MM, Glória Souza D, Ferreira AM, Machado FS. SOCS2 modulates adipose tissue inflammation and expansion in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 76:108304. [PMID: 31816561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is usually triggered by a nutrient overload that favors adipocyte hypertrophy and increases the number of pro-inflammatory cells and mediators into adipose tissue. These mediators may be regulated by suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS), such as SOCS2, which is involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response of many diseases, but its role in obesity is not yet known. We aimed to investigate the role of SOCS2 in metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction induced by a high-refined carbohydrate-containing diet (HC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and SOCS2 deficient (SOCS2-/-) mice were fed chow or an HC diet for 8 weeks. RESULTS In general, SOCS2 deficient mice, independent of the diet, showed higher adipose tissue mass compared with their WT counterparts that were associated with decreased lipogenesis rate in adipose tissue, lipolysis in adipocyte culture and energy expenditure. An anti-inflammatory profile was observed in adipose tissue of SOCS2-/- by reduced secretion of cytokines, such as TNF and IL-6, and increased M2-like macrophages and regulatory T cells compared with WT mice. Also, SOCS2 deficiency reduced the differentiation/expansion of pro-inflammatory cells in the spleen but increased Th2 and Treg cells compared with their WT counterparts. CONCLUSION The SOCS2 protein is an important modulator of obesity that regulates the metabolic pathways related to adipocyte size. Additionally, SOCS2 is an inflammatory regulator that appears to be essential for controlling the release of cytokines and the differentiation/recruitment of cells into adipose tissue during the development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Honorato Val
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreia Barroso
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Fátima Brant
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Omar AM, Meleis AE, Arfa SA, Zahran NM, Mehanna RA. Comparative Study of the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow on Acute Myocardial Infarction Model. Oman Med J 2019; 34:534-543. [PMID: 31745418 PMCID: PMC6851069 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stem cell therapy is a promising approach in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from bone marrow (BM-MSC) and adipose tissue (AT-MSC) are attractive and feasible for preclinical and clinical trials. In this study, we compared the therapeutic potential of BM-MSC and AT-MSC in repairing the hearts of rats with isoproterenol (ISO)-induced AMI. METHODS Forty-two female rats were assigned into two groups; the optimization and the experimental group. The optimization groups were further subdivided into control group and the AMI induced group (using ISO). The experimental group was subdivided into AMI+cell-free media injected in the tail vein, AMI+BM-MSC, and AMI+AT-MSC groups treated with the intravenous injection of their respective cell types. Twenty-eight days after induction, electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed, and heart tissue samples were collected for histological assessment and cells tracing. RESULTS MSC therapy repaired cardiac functions shown by the restoration of ST segment, QT and QRS intervals in the ECG when compared to the AMI group. Infarct area was significantly decreased, and cardiac tissue regeneration signs were shown on histopathological examination. CONCLUSIONS Both MSC sources proved to be equally efficient in the assessed parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M Omar
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Anisa E Meleis
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samia A Arfa
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha M Zahran
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Yildiz M, Bozkurtlar E, Azizy A, Agirbasli M. Immunohistochemical expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in subcutaneous versus omental adipose tissue in patients after elective abdominal surgery. Autops Case Rep 2019; 9:e2019121. [PMID: 31641662 PMCID: PMC6771447 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2019.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a biomarker of thrombosis. Adipose and vascular tissues are among the major sources of PAI-1 production. Previous studies indicated that fat deposits mediate increased cardiovascular risk among obese individuals. We investigated the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of PAI-1 in adipose and vascular tissues from the omentum and the subcutaneous tissue. The pathology samples were selected from 37 random patients who underwent elective abdominal surgery between 2008-2009. PAI-1 expression was semi-quantitatively scored and compared between the groups. Significant differences were noted in the IHC expression of PAI-1 between the omental and the subcutaneous adipose tissues (1.1 ± 0.8 versus 0.8 ± 0.6, respectively (p=0.05)). Adipose tissue displayed higher IHC expression of PAI-1 compared to vascular wall tissue in both omentum and subcutaneous sections (1.1 ± 0.8 versus 0.5 ± 0.9 (p=0.004), and 0.8 ± 0.6 versus 0.4 ± 0.6 (p=0.003), respectively). In conclusion, our study compared PAI-1 expression in the omentum versus the subcutaneous tissue and adipose versus vascular tissues. IHC expression of PAI-1 level was significantly higher in the omental adipose tissue compared to the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Adipose tissue displayed significantly higher PAI-1 expression than vascular tissue. The study elucidates the biological differences of adipose and vascular tissue from subcutaneous versus omental sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Yildiz
- Cleveland Clinic Fairview Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine. Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Emine Bozkurtlar
- Marmara University Medical School, Department of Pathology. Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdulmunir Azizy
- Marmara University, Medical School, Department of Medicine. Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Agirbasli
- Medeniyet University Medical School, Department of Cardiology. Istanbul, Turkey
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Mohammadi-Mahdiabadi-Hasani MH, Nabiuni M, Parivar K, Yari S, Sahebi AR, Miyan J. The Effects of Embryonic Cerebrospinal Fluid on The Viability and Neuronal Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in Wistar Rats. Cell J 2019; 22:245-252. [PMID: 31721540 PMCID: PMC6874795 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective The embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (e-CSF) contains various growth factors and morphogens. Recent studies showed that e-CSF plays significant roles in embryonic brain development. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have a mesodermal origin that can be differentiated into mesodermal and ectodermal lineages. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of e-CSF on the proliferation, viability, and neural differentiation of ADSCs in rats. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, adipose tissue was dissected out from the inguinal region of adult male rats. Then, ADSCs were isolated by enzymatic digestion from adipose tissues and mesenchymal cells were confirmed using the flow cytometry analysis that measured the cell surface markers including CD90, CD44, CD73, CD105, CD34, CD45, and CD11b. The multi-potential characteristics of ADSCs were assessed by osteogenic and adipogenic potentials of these cells. Under suitable in vitro conditions, ADSCs were cultured in DMEM supplemented with and without additional 10% e-CSF. These fluids were collected from Wistar rats at the E17, E18, and E19 gestational ages. Cellular proliferation and viability were determined using the MTT assay. Immunocytochemistry was used to study the expression of β-III tubulin in ADSCs. The neurite outgrowth of cultured cells was assessed using the ImageJ software. Result The results of the present study demonstrated that the viability of ADSCs in cell culture conditioned with E17 and E18 e-CSF were significantly increased in comparison with controls. Cultured cells treated with e-CSF from E18 and E19 established neuronal-like cells bearing long process, whereas no process was observed in the control groups or cultured cells treated with E17 e-CSF. Conclusion This study showed that e-CSF has the ability to induce neuronal differentiation and viability in ADSCs. Our data support a significant role of e-CSF as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Nabiuni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Yari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Sahebi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jaleel Miyan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- First Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Section of Endocrinology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Dayer D, Tabandeh MR, Moghimipour E, Hashemi Tabar M, Ghadiri A, Allah Bakhshi E, Orazizadeh M, Ghafari MA. MafA Overexpression: A New Efficient Protocol for In Vitro Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Functional Insulin-Producing Cells. Cell J 2019; 21:169-178. [PMID: 30825290 PMCID: PMC6397604 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective We proposed a novel differentiation method for the efficient differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem
cells (ADMSCs) into functional insulin-producing cells (IPCs) based on MafA overexpression.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, a eukaryotic expression vector containing MafA [MafA/pcDNA3.1(+)]
was constructed and purified. ADMSCs were differentiated into IPCs. ADMSCs were assigned in two groups including
control (C), and the MafA overexpressed (MafA+) groups. The ADMSCs were transfected by MafA/pcDNA 3.1(+) at day
10 of the differentiation. Differentiated cells were analyzed for the expression of multiple β cell specific genes (Nkx2.2,
Ngn3, Isl-1, Pdx1, MafA, Nkx6.1, and Insulin) using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The insulin secretion
potency of the differentiated cells in response to glucose exposure was also determined using an enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and Dithizone (DTZ) staining. The IPCs from the control manipulated group,
and un-differentiated ADMSCs group were transplanted to streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Rats were monitored for
blood glucose and insulin concentration.
Results The results revealed that ADMSCs were successfully differentiated into IPCs through the 14 day differentiation
protocol. The expression of β-cell specific genes in MafA+ IPCs was higher than in control cells. Glucose-induced
insulin secretion after the exposure of IPCs to glucose was higher in MafA+ group than the control group. The STZ-
diabetic rats showed an ability to secrete insulin and apparent hyperglycemic condition adjustment after transplantation
of the control IPCs. The mean insulin concentration of diabetic rats that were transplanted by manipulated IPCs was
significantly higher than ADMSCs-transplanted rats; however, no effect was observed in the concentration of blood
glucose.
Conclusion The overexpression of MafA can be used as a novel promising approach for the efficient production of
IPCs from ADMSCs in vitro. However, the future therapeutic use of the MafA+ IPCs in diabetic animals needs further
investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Dayer
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Electronic Address:
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.,Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Eskandar Moghimipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmood Hashemi Tabar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - AtaA Ghadiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Allah Bakhshi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ghafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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32
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Cayer LGJ, Mendonça AM, Pauls SD, Winter T, Leng S, Taylor CG, Zahradka P, Aukema HM. Adipose tissue oxylipin profiles vary by anatomical site and are altered by dietary linoleic acid in rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019; 141:24-32. [PMID: 30661602 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dietary PUFA and their effects on adipose tissue have been well studied, but oxylipins, the oxygenated metabolites of PUFA, have been sparsely studied in adipose tissue. To determine the oxylipin profile and to examine their potential importance in various adipose sites, female and male rats were provided control, high linoleic acid (LA), or high LA and high α-linolenic acid (LA + ALA) diets for six weeks. Analysis of gonadal (GAT), mesenteric (MAT), perirenal (PAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) revealed higher numbers of oxylipins in MAT and SAT, primarily due to 20-22 carbon cytochrome P450 oxylipins, as well as metabolites of cyclooxygenase derived oxylipins. LA oxylipins made up 75-96% of the total oxylipin mass and largely determined the total relative amounts between depots (GAT > MAT > PAT > SAT). However, when the two most abundant LA oxylipins (TriHOMEs) were excluded, MAT had the highest mass of oxylipins and exhibited the most sex differences. These differences existed despite comparable PUFA composition between depots. Dietary LA increased oxylipins derived from n-6 PUFA, and the addition of ALA generally returned n-6 PUFA oxylipins to levels similar to control and elevated some n-3 oxylipins. These data on oxylipin profiles in adipose depots from different anatomical sites and the effects of diet and sex provide fundamental knowledge that will aid future studies investigating the physiological effects of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien G J Cayer
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Anne M Mendonça
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Samantha D Pauls
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Tanja Winter
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Shan Leng
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Carla G Taylor
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Harold M Aukema
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Fontanella CG, Belluzzi E, Rossato M, Olivotto E, Trisolino G, Ruggieri P, Rubini A, Porzionato A, Natali A, De Caro R, Vettor R, Ramonda R, Macchi V, Favero M. Quantitative MRI analysis of infrapatellar and suprapatellar fat pads in normal controls, moderate and end-stage osteoarthritis. Ann Anat 2018; 221:108-114. [PMID: 30292837 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumetric and morphometric characteristics of the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) and the suprapatellar fat pad (SFP) in normal controls, moderate and end-stage osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Forty-four MRI images of the three groups were collected: a) 17 patients undergoing meniscectomy with Outerbridge score 0 (control group); b) 15 patients undergoing meniscectomy with Outerbridge score 3/4 (moderate OA group); and c) 12 patients undergoing total knee replacement (end-stage OA group). Volume, depth, femoral and tibial arch lengths of IFP were quantified. The hypointense IFP signals were also scored. The SFP volume, oblique, antero-posterior and cranio-caudal lengths were determined. IFP and SFP characteristics were compared between groups. A decrease of IFP volume, depth, femoral, and tibial arch lengths in moderate and end-stage OA compared to controls were observed. A difference in IFP hypointense signal was found between groups. No differences were found in SFP characteristics between the groups. In controls and moderate OA patients, correlations were found among the different MRI characteristics of both IFP and SFP, while in the end-stage OA group correlations were found only in SFP. We evidenced differences of the IFP MRI morphometric characteristics between the groups analyzed, supporting an important role of IFP in OA pathology and progression. On the contrary, no differences were highlighted in SFP analysis suggesting that this fat pad is not clearly involved in OA, probably due to its peculiar localization and different function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giulia Fontanella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 65, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Belluzzi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, 35128 University of Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Rossato
- Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Eleonora Olivotto
- RAMSES Laboratory, RIT Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Trisolino
- Department. of Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Ruggieri
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, 35128 University of Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rubini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 65, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 65, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Arturo Natali
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 65, 35127 Padova, Italy; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 65, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Ramonda
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 65, 35127 Padova, Italy.
| | - Marta Favero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Abstract
Background: Fat grafting technologies are popularly used in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Due to its size limitation, it is hard to directly inject untreated fat tissue into the dermal layer. Nanofat, which was introduced by Tonnard, solves this problem by mechanically emulsifying fat tissue. However, the viability of the cells was greatly destroyed. In this study, we reported a new method by “gently” digesting the fat tissue to produce viable adipocytes, progenitors, and stromal stem cells using collagenase I digestion and centrifugation. This was named “Vivo nanofat”. Methods: Human liposuction aspirates were obtained from five healthy female donors with mean age of 28.7 ± 5.6 years. Colony-forming assay, flow cytometry analysis, and adipogenic and osteogenic induction of the adherent cells from the Vivo nanofat were used to characterize the adipose mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). To investigate in vivo survival, we respectively injected Vivo nanofat and nanofat subcutaneously to the back of 8-week-old male BALB/c nude mice. Samples were harvested 2 days, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks postinjection for measurement, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunostaining. Results: Our results showed that the Vivo nanofat contained a large number of colony-forming cells. These cells expressed MSC markers and had multi-differentiative potential. In vivo transplantation showed that the Vivo nanofat had lower resorption ratio than that of nanofat. The size of the transplanted nanofat was obviously smaller than that of Vivo nanofat 4 weeks postinjection (0.50 ± 0.17 cm vs. 0.81 ± 0.07 cm, t = −5783, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Vivo nanofat may serve as a cell fraction injectable through a fine needle; this could be used for cosmetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Sen Bi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fang-Fei Nie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bo-Lin Pan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - E Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Karimi S, Ai J, Khorsandi L, Bijan Nejad D, Saki G. Vildagliptin Enhances Differentiation of Insulin Producing Cells from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell J 2018; 20:477-482. [PMID: 30123993 PMCID: PMC6099143 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective Type 1 diabetes is caused by destruction of beta cells of pancreas. Vildagliptin (VG), a dipeptidyl peptidase IV
(DPP IV) inhibitor, is an anti-diabetic drug, which increases beta cell mass. In the present study, the effects of VG on generation
of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) is investigated.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, ASCs were isolated and after characterization were exposed to
differentiation media with or without VG. The presence of IPCs was confirmed by morphological analysis and gene expression
(Pdx-1, Glut-2 and Insulin). Newport Green staining was used to determine insulin-positive cells. Insulin secretion under
different concentrations of glucose was measured using radioimmunoassay method.
Results In the presence of VG the morphology of differentiated cells was similar to the pancreatic islet cells. Expression
of Pdx-1, Glut-2 and Insulin genes in VG-treated cells was significantly higher than the cells exposed to induction media
only. Insulin release from VG-treated ASCs showed a nearly 3.6 fold (P<0.05) increase when exposed to a high-
glucose medium in comparison to untreated ASCs. The percentage of insulin-positive cells in the VG-treated cells was
approximately 2.9-fold higher than the untreated ASCs.
Conclusion The present study has demonstrated that VG elevates differentiation of ASCs into IPCs. Improvement of this
protocol may be used in cell therapy in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Karimi
- Cell and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Department-School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cell and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Electronic Address:
| | - Darioush Bijan Nejad
- Cell and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Saki
- Cell and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Hajihoseini M, Mehrabani D, Vahdati A, Hosseini SE, Tamadon A, Dianatpour M, Rahmanifar F. Spermatogenesis after Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in Azoospermic Guinea Pigs: A Histological and Histomorphometric Study. Galen Med J 2018; 7:e1000. [PMID: 34466423 PMCID: PMC8343795 DOI: 10.22086/gmj.v0i0.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this research was to determine histomorphometric changes in busulfan-induced azoospermia after transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells (AdSCs) in guinea pig. AdSCs were isolated from adipose tissue around the testes of guinea pigs and characterized for mesenchymal properties. Materials and Methods: Guinea pigs were allocated into three groups, including the control group without any intervention. To induce azoospermia, groups 2 and 3 received a dose of 40 mg/kg of busulfan with 21 days interval. Group 3 received 1×106 AdSCs in their seminiferous tubules of left testes, 35 days following last busulfan injection, while right testis in the group was considered for comparison as controls. Sixty days following transplantation of cell, histomorphometric and histopathologic changes of the experiments were assessed. Results: After AdSCs’ transplantation, normal spermatogenesis appearance was noticed compared to busulfan-induced azoospermia and AdSCs recovered spermatogenesis, and our findings can be added to the literature in treating azoospermic infertilities. Conclusion: The transplanted AdSCs could induce production of germinal cells using testicular seminiferous tubules and were an effective source in treating azoospermia
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Hajihoseini
- Department of Biology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran.,Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Vahdati
- Department of Biology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran.,Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini
- Department of Biology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran.,Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dianatpour
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Rahmanifar
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Sanaie S, Bilejani I, Mortazavi M, Mahmoodpoor A, Negargar S, Faramarzi E, Hazhir N, Golalizadeh Bibalan Q, Soleimanpour H. Effect of Manual Caudal and Downward Displacement of Lower Cervical Adipose Tissue on Laryngoscopic Grade of Patients with Morbid Obesity. Anesth Pain Med 2018; 8:e63061. [PMID: 29868457 PMCID: PMC5970290 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.63061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of obesity has substantially increased all over the world in the past decades and anesthesiologists more commonly encounter these patients. Excess cervical adipose tissues can result in the narrowing of the pharyngeal opening and affect laryngoscopic grade. Objectives To evaluate the effect of manual caudal and cervical displacement of cervical adipose tissue on laryngoscopic view of morbid obese patients. Methods A total of 70 patients with a BMI ≥ 35 were enrolled in this study. All patients were placed in the ramp position. Manual caudal and downward displacement of cervical adipose tissue was performed by an anesthesiologist. Laryngoscopy was performed by an anesthesiologist before and after manual displacement. The anesthesiologist was blinded as we had drawn a curtain, therefore, he could not recognize if the maneuver was being performed or not. Thyromental distance, upper lip bite test, hyomental distance, and BMI were recorded for all patients. Results Age, weight, and BMI didn't have any significant relation with difficult intubation. There was a significant relationship between difficult intubation and thyromental distance, upper lip bite test, Mallampati score, and hyomentaldistance (P: 0.01, 0.04, 0.001, and 0.005, respectively). Cormack-Lehane grade significantly improved after the maneuver (P: 0.001). Conclusions Preparation and appropriate management of airway is very important for morbid obese patients. Manual caudal and downward displacement of adipose tissue has a significant effect on the improvement of laryngoscopic view in morbid obese patients. Therefore, ramped position or manual and caudal displacement of chest wall fat tissue can be added to "standard" preoperative airway assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvin Sanaie
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Issa Bilejani
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sohrab Negargar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Faramarzi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazanin Hazhir
- Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Soleimanpour
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Corresponding author: Hassan Soleimanpour, Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Tel: +98-9141164134, Fax: +98-4133352078, E-mail:
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38
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Jocken JWE, Reijnders D, Canfora EE, Boekschoten MV, Plat J, Goossens GH, Blaak EE. Effects of gut microbiota manipulation on ex vivo lipolysis in human abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes. Adipocyte 2018; 7:106-112. [PMID: 29693476 PMCID: PMC6152497 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2018.1464366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota may contribute to the development of obesity by affecting host lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. To investigate the effects of microbiota manipulation on ex vivo basal and β-adrenergically-stimulated lipolysis in human adipocytes, 36 obese men were randomized to amoxicillin (broad-spectrum antibiotic), vancomycin (narrow-spectrum antibiotic) or placebo treatment (7 d, 1500 mg/d). Before and after treatment, ex vivo adipose tissue lipolysis was assessed under basal conditions and during stimulation with the non-selective β-agonist isoprenaline using freshly isolated mature adipocytes. Gene (targeted microarray) and protein expression were analyzed to investigate underlying pathways. Antibiotics treatment did not significantly affect basal and maximal isoprenaline-mediated glycerol release from adipocytes. Adipose tissue β-adrenoceptor expression or post-receptor signalling was also not different between groups. In conclusion, 7 d oral antibiotics treatment has no effect on ex vivo lipolysis in mature adipocytes derived from adipose tissue of obese insulin resistant men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan W. E. Jocken
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, PA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorien Reijnders
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, PA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emanuel E. Canfora
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, PA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark V. Boekschoten
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, PA Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joghum Plat
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs H. Goossens
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, PA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen E. Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, PA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Britton L, Jaskowski LA, Bridle K, Secondes E, Wallace D, Santrampurwala N, Reiling J, Miller G, Mangiafico S, Andrikopoulos S, Subramaniam VN, Crawford D. Ferroportin Expression in Adipocytes Does Not Contribute to Iron Homeostasis or Metabolic Responses to a High Calorie Diet. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 5:319-31. [PMID: 29552621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Iron has an increasingly recognized role in the regulation of adipose tissue function, including the expression of adipokines involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The cellular iron exporter, ferroportin, has been proposed as being a key determinant of adipocyte iron homeostasis. METHODS We studied an adipocyte-specific ferroportin (Fpn1) knockout mouse model, using an Adipoq-Cre recombinase driven Fpn1 deletion and fed mice according to the fast food diet model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. RESULTS We showed successful selective deletion of Fpn1 in adipocytes, but found that this did not lead to increased adipocyte iron stores as measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy or histologically quantified iron granules after staining with 3,3'-diaminobenzidine-enhanced Perls' stain. Mice with adipocyte-specific Fpn1 deletion did not show dysregulation of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, or retinol-binding protein-4 expression. Similarly, adipocyte-specific Fpn1 deletion did not affect insulin sensitivity during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies or lead to histologic evidence of increased liver injury. We have shown, however, that the fast food diet model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis generates an increase in adipose tissue macrophage infiltration with crown-like structures, as seen in human beings, further validating the utility of this model. CONCLUSIONS Ferroportin may not be a key determinant of adipocyte iron homeostasis in this knockout model. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms of iron metabolism in adipocytes and adipose tissue.
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Key Words
- AAS, atomic absorption spectroscopy
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- AUC, area under the curve
- Adipoq, adiponectin
- Adipose Tissue
- EFP, epididymal fat pad
- FKO, ferroportin knockout
- Ferroportin
- Ferroportin Flox, Fpn1fl/fl
- Fpn1, ferroportin
- HIC, hepatic iron concentration
- Hamp1, hepcidin
- Iron
- NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RBP-4, retinol binding protein-4
- Tfr1, transferrin receptor-1
- bp, base pair
- cDNA, complementary DNA
- mRNA, messenger RNA
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Kucuk Baloglu F, Baloglu O, Heise S, Brockmann G, Severcan F. Triglyceride dependent differentiation of obesity in adipose tissues by FTIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics. J Biophotonics 2017; 10:1345-1355. [PMID: 28128535 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The excess deposition of triglycerides in adipose tissue is the main reason of obesity and causes excess release of fatty acids to the circulatory system resulting in obesity and insulin resistance. Body mass index and waist circumference are not precise measure of obesity and obesity related metabolic diseases. Therefore, in the current study, it was aimed to propose triglyceride bands located at 1770-1720 cm-1 spectral region as a more sensitive obesity related biomarker using the diagnostic potential of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in subcutaneous (SCAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissues. The adipose tissue samples were obtained from 10 weeks old male control (DBA/2J) (n = 6) and four different obese BFMI mice lines (n = 6 per group). FTIR spectroscopy coupled with hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the spectra of triglyceride bands as a diagnostic tool in the discrimination of the samples. Successful discrimination of the obese, obesity related insulin resistant and control groups were achieved with high sensitivity and specificity. The results revealed the power of FTIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometric approaches in internal diagnosis of abdominal obesity based on the spectral differences in the triglyceride region that can be used as a spectral marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Kucuk Baloglu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06531, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Baloglu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06531, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sebastian Heise
- Department of Breeding Biology and Molecular Genetics, Humboldt Universitatzu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gudrun Brockmann
- Department of Breeding Biology and Molecular Genetics, Humboldt Universitatzu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Feride Severcan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06531, Ankara, Turkey
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41
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Ahmadi Y, Ghorbanihaghjo A, Argani H. The effect of statins on the organs: similar or contradictory? J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2017; 9:64-70. [PMID: 28740624 PMCID: PMC5516053 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2017.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxy-Methyl-Glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) – the main enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway – is mostly inhibited by statins in hepatocytes. In spite of the other tissues, liver utilizes cholesterol in different ways such as the synthesis of bile acids, excretion in to the intestine and synthesis of lipoproteins. Therefore, statins theoretically alter these pathways; although, there have not been such effects. In this review, we aim to show the roles of extra-hepatic tissues, in particular intestine, adipose and cutaneous tissues in providing the cholesterol after reduction of the whole body cholesterol content by statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ghorbanihaghjo
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Argani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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42
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Kema VH, Khan I, Jamal R, Vishwakarma SK, Lakki Reddy C, Parwani K, Patel F, Patel D, Khan AA, Mandal P. Protective Effects of Diallyl Sulfide Against Ethanol-Induced Injury in Rat Adipose Tissue and Primary Human Adipocytes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:1078-1092. [PMID: 28414868 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is the fourth leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Several cellular pathways contribute to alcohol-mediated tissue injury. Adipose tissue apart from functioning as an endocrine organ secretes several hormones and cytokines known as adipokines that are known to play a significant role in alcohol-induced tissue damage. This study was designed to test the efficacy of diallyl sulfide (DAS) in regulating the alcohol-induced outcomes on adipose tissue. METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed with 36% Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing ethanol (EtOH) for 4 weeks. Control rats were pair-fed with isocaloric diet containing maltodextrin instead of EtOH. During the last week of feeding protocol, the EtOH-fed rat group was given 200 mg/kg body weight of DAS through diet. We also studied DAS effect on isolated human primary adipocytes. Viability of human primary adipocytes on DAS treatment was assessed by MTT assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress, was measured by HPLC and the thiobarbituric acid method. Expression of inflammatory genes and lipogenic genes was studied by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Serum inflammatory gene expression was studied by ELISA. RESULTS Our study results showed that DAS could alleviate EtOH-induced expression levels of proinflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes and improve adipose tissue mass and adipocyte morphology in male Wistar rats fed Lieber-DeCarli diet containing 6% EtOH. Further, we showed that DAS reduced the expression of lipogenic genes and improved lipid accumulation and adipocyte mass in human primary adipocytes treated with EtOH. Subsequently, we also showed that oxidative stress, as measured by the changes in MDA levels, was reduced in both male Wistar rats and human primary adipocytes treated with EtOH plus DAS. CONCLUSIONS Our study results prove that DAS is effective in ameliorating EtOH-induced damage to adipose tissue as evidenced by the reduction brought about by DAS in oxidative stress, ER stress, and proinflammatory gene expression levels. DAS treatment also regulated lipogenic gene expression levels, thereby reducing free fatty acid release. In conclusion, this study has clinical implications with respect to alcohol-induced adipose tissue injury among alcohol users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences , BITS Pilani, Hyderabad, India
| | - Reshma Jamal
- Department of Biological Sciences , BITS Pilani, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Vishwakarma
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research & Translational Medicine , CLRD, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Chandrakala Lakki Reddy
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research & Translational Medicine , CLRD, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kirti Parwani
- Department of Biological Sciences , P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Farhin Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences , P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhara Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences , P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Aleem A Khan
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research & Translational Medicine , CLRD, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Palash Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences , BITS Pilani, Hyderabad, India.,Department of Biological Sciences , P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, Gujarat, India
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Abstract
Adipose tissue is increasingly being recognized as a key regulator of whole body carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In conditions of obesity and insulin resistance mitochondrial content in this tissue is reduced, while treatment with insulin sensitizing drugs such as thiazolidinediones (TZDs) increase mitochondrial content. It has been known for decades that exercise increases mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle and now several laboratories have shown similar effects in adipose tissue. To date the specific mechanisms mediating this effect have not been fully identified. In this review we highlight recent work suggesting that increases in lipolysis and subsequently fatty acid re‐esterification trigger the activation of 5' AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMP) activated protein kinase and ultimately the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis. It is our current view that this pathway could be a unifying mechanism linking numerous systemic factors (catecholamines, interleukin‐6, meteorin‐like) to induction of mitochondrial biogenesis following exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan K Townsend
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Carly M Knuth
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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Colin V, Gavid M, Timochenko A, Prades JM. [The parapharyngeal adipose corpus: Surgical anatomy and imaging]. Morphologie 2017; 101:71-76. [PMID: 28457585 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to define the parapharyngeal adiposis corpus (PAC) and its anatomical relationships originally described by P. Sebileau in 1892 to assess the potential clinical implications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven frozen fresh cadavers were used, 3 of which after injection of latex neoprene colored in cervicocephalic arterial network. A MRI was performed in 10 patients without cervical pathology. The analysis was done on the frontal and transverse T1-weighted sections. RESULTS The PAC, which is a yellowish fat formation, fills the paratonsillar space. It measures an average of 4.8cm (4.5 to 5.2cm) in length and 1.2cm (1.1 to 1.5cm) for subjects of varying size and sex. Its arterial supply is mainly provided by the ascending palatine artery, an early branch of the facial artery. A left-right symmetry was found on MRI analyses regardless of sex or age. It is found in all the medial and ventral cases on the pharyngeal extension of the parotid gland in homogeneous hyperintense T1. CONCLUSION The PAC is a constant fat structure. Its vascularization depends mainly on the ascending palatine artery. Through its association with fatty peripharyngeal space, it could be a functionally sliding space. In imaging, it may be helpful in the interpretation of images of the pharyngeal extension of the parotid gland tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Colin
- Faculté de médecine Jacques-Lisfranc, laboratoire d'anatomie, université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Étienne, 10, rue de la Marandière, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - M Gavid
- Faculté de médecine Jacques-Lisfranc, laboratoire d'anatomie, université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Étienne, 10, rue de la Marandière, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - A Timochenko
- Faculté de médecine Jacques-Lisfranc, laboratoire d'anatomie, université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Étienne, 10, rue de la Marandière, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - J M Prades
- Faculté de médecine Jacques-Lisfranc, laboratoire d'anatomie, université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Étienne, 10, rue de la Marandière, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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45
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Abate N, Chandalia M. Risk of Obesity-Related Cardiometabolic Complications in Special Populations: A Crisis in Asians. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1647-1655. [PMID: 28192110 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prospect of a significant increase in global health-related costs associated with high cardiometabolic complications of obesity in Asians has encouraged more attention to be focused on the problem of growing obesity prevalence in these populations. Although these studies have shown that cardiometabolic complications occur more frequently and at a lower body mass index (BMI) in Asians than in European populations, the mechanisms involved have yet to be discovered. Ethnic/racial differences in body composition and fat distribution have been studied extensively. Although these studies have shown that increasing BMI is associated with larger increases in body fat content in Asians, growing evidence points to factors other than body fat content and fat distribution in determining a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic complications in these populations. Here, we provide support to our view that earlier onset of adipocyte maturation arrest/insulin resistance during weight gain could be a major factor in increasing the cardiometabolic risk of Asian populations at a lower BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Abate
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
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Duwaerts CC, Amin AM, Siao K, Her C, Fitch M, Beysen C, Turner SM, Goodsell A, Baron JL, Grenert JP, Cho SJ, Maher JJ. Specific Macronutrients Exert Unique Influences on the Adipose-Liver Axis to Promote Hepatic Steatosis in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 4. [PMID: 28649594 PMCID: PMC5472193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The factors that distinguish metabolically healthy obesity from metabolically unhealthy obesity are not well understood. Diet has been implicated as a determinant of the unhealthy obesity phenotype, but which aspects of the diet induce dysmetabolism are unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate whether specific macronutrients or macronutrient combinations provoke dysmetabolism in the context of isocaloric, high-energy diets. METHODS Mice were fed 4 high-energy diets identical in calorie and nutrient content but different in nutrient composition for 3 weeks to 6 months. The test diets contained 42% carbohydrate (sucrose or starch) and 42% fat (oleate or palmitate). Weight and glucose tolerance were monitored; blood and tissues were collected for histology, gene expression, and immunophenotyping. RESULTS Mice gained weight on all 4 test diets but differed significantly in other metabolic outcomes. Animals fed the starch-oleate diet developed more severe hepatic steatosis than those on other formulas. Stable isotope incorporation showed that the excess hepatic steatosis in starch-oleate-fed mice derived from exaggerated adipose tissue lipolysis. In these mice, adipose tissue lipolysis coincided with adipocyte necrosis and inflammation. Notably, the liver and adipose tissue abnormalities provoked by starch-oleate feeding were reproduced when mice were fed a mixed-nutrient Western diet with 42% carbohydrate and 42% fat. CONCLUSIONS The macronutrient composition of the diet exerts a significant influence on metabolic outcome, independent of calories and nutrient proportions. Starch-oleate appears to cause hepatic steatosis by inducing progressive adipose tissue injury. Starch-oleate phenocopies the effect of a Western diet; consequently, it may provide clues to the mechanism whereby specific nutrients cause metabolically unhealthy obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C. Duwaerts
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Amin M. Amin
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Kevin Siao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Chris Her
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mark Fitch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | | | | | - Amanda Goodsell
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jody L. Baron
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - James P. Grenert
- The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Soo-Jin Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jacquelyn J. Maher
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Jacquelyn J. Maher, MD, Liver Center Laboratory, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Building 40, Room 4102, San Francisco, California 94110. fax: (415) 641-0517.Liver Center Laboratory1001 Potrero Avenue, Building 40, Room 4102San FranciscoCalifornia 94110
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Burchfield JS, Paul AL, Lanka V, Tan W, Kong Y, McCallister C, Rothermel BA, Schneider JW, Gillette TG, Hill JA. Pharmacological priming of adipose-derived stem cells promotes myocardial repair. J Investig Med 2017; 64:50-62. [PMID: 26755814 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2015-000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have myocardial regeneration potential, and transplantation of these cells following myocardial infarction (MI) in animal models leads to modest improvements in cardiac function. We hypothesized that pharmacological priming of pre-transplanted ADSCs would further improve left ventricular functional recovery after MI. We previously identified a compound from a family of 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoles, ISX1, capable of activating an Nkx2-5-driven promoter construct. Here, using ADSCs, we found that ISX1 (20 mM, 4 days) triggered a robust, dose-dependent, fourfold increase in Nkx2-5 expression, an early marker of cardiac myocyte differentiation and increased ADSC viability in vitro. Co-culturing neonatal cardiomyocytes with ISX1-treated ADSCs increased early and late cardiac gene expression. Whereas ISX1 promoted ADSC differentiation toward a cardiogenic lineage, it did not elicit their complete differentiation or their differentiation into mature adipocytes, osteoblasts, or chondrocytes, suggesting that re-programming is cardiomyocyte specific. Cardiac transplantation of ADSCs improved left ventricular functional recovery following MI, a response which was significantly augmented by transplantation of ISX1- pretreated cells. Moreover, ISX1-treated and transplanted ADSCs engrafted and were detectable in the myocardium 3 weeks following MI, albeit at relatively small numbers. ISX1 treatment increased histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity in ADSCs, which was associated with histone 3 and histone 4 acetylation. Finally, hearts transplanted with ISX1-treated ADSCs manifested significant increases in neovascularization, which may account for the improved cardiac function. These findings suggest that a strategy of drug-facilitated initiation of myocyte differentiation enhances exogenously transplanted ADSC persistence in vivo, and consequent tissue neovascularization, to improve cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana S Burchfield
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ashley L Paul
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Vishy Lanka
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yongli Kong
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Camille McCallister
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jay W Schneider
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas G Gillette
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Choe EK, Park KJ, Ryoo SB, Moon SH, Oh HK, Han EC. Prognostic Impact of Changes in Adipose Tissue Areas after Colectomy in Colorectal Cancer Patients. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1571-8. [PMID: 27550485 PMCID: PMC4999399 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.10.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been few studies assessing the changes in the body components of patients after colectomy in colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study was to verify the trends in the adipose tissue areas of CRC patients before and after surgery and to determine their clinical relevance. Computed tomography (CT)-assessed subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) areas were recorded before and after curative resection in stage I to III CRC patients. Changes in the adipose tissue were assessed by calculating the difference in the adipose tissue area between preoperative CT and the most recent postoperative CT, which is disease-free state. Regarding obesity before surgery, there were no prognostic effect of body mass index (BMI), VAT and SAT, and 47.3% of patients had increases in VAT after colectomy. By multivariate analysis, adjusting sex, age, stage, differentiation, VAT change was the only obesity related factor to predict the prognosis, that patients who had increase in VAT after colectomy had better overall survival (HR, 0.557; 95% CI, 0.317-0.880) and disease-free survival (HR, 0.602; 95% CI, 0.391-0.927). BMI and SAT change had no significant association. In subgroup analysis of stage III CRC patients, VAT change had significance for prognosis only in patients who had adjuvant chemotherapy but not in those who did not receive postoperative chemotherapy. Increase in visceral adipose tissue after surgery is a favorable predictor of prognosis for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Choe
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Joo Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung Bum Ryoo
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hui Moon
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heung Kwon Oh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eon Chul Han
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kang EK, Park HW, Baek S, Lim JY. The Association between Trunk Body Composition and Spinal Bone Mineral Density in Korean Males versus Females: a Farmers' Cohort for Agricultural Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (FARM) Study. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1595-603. [PMID: 27550488 PMCID: PMC4999402 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.10.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was proposed to identify the association of trunk body composition with spinal bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean male and female farmers. A total of 523 Korean farmers (259 males, 44 premenopausal females, and 220 postmenopausal females) were recruited. Computed tomography scans were acquired at the mid-L4 vertebral level, and total trunk muscle mass (TMM, cm³), back muscle mass (BMM), and abdominal wall muscle mass (AMM), total trunk fat mass (TFM), visceral fat mass (VFM), and subcutaneous fat mass (SFM) were assessed. Spinal BMD (g/cm²) was estimated from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the L4 level. In terms of muscle mass, spinal BMD was significantly correlated with all the components of the trunk muscle mass (r = 0.171-0.360; P < 0.05, P < 0.001) in female farmers, while only with AMM (r = 0.181; P < 0.01) in male farmers. In terms of fat mass, spinal BMD was significantly correlated with all components of the trunk fat mass (r = 0.142-0.424; P < 0.05, P < 0.001) in male and premenopausal female farmers, while only with VFM (r = 0.132; P < 0.05) in postmenopausal females. Adjusted multivariate regression analysis showed that AMM in male and post-menopausal female farmers was closely associated with spinal BMD. There may be positive associations between trunk muscle and fat mass and spinal BMD with sexual dimorphism, and abdominal wall muscle mass was an explanatory variable closely related to spinal BMD in Korean farmers. Registered at the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS, http://cris.nih.go.kr), number KCT0000829.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyoung Kang
- Center for Farmers' Safety and Health and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.
| | - Hee Won Park
- Center for Farmers' Safety and Health and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Gangwon Do Rehabilitation Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sora Baek
- Center for Farmers' Safety and Health and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jae Young Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Abstract
In metabolically healthy humans, adipose tissue is exquisitely sensitive to insulin. Similar to muscle and liver, adipose tissue lipolysis is insulin resistant in adults with central obesity and type 2 diabetes. Perhaps uniquely, however, insulin resistance in adipose tissue may directly contribute to development of insulin resistance in muscle and liver because of the increased delivery of free fatty acids to those tissues. It has been hypothesized that insulin adipose tissue resistance may precede other metabolic defects in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, precise and reproducible quantification of adipose tissue insulin sensitivity, in vivo, in humans, is an important measure. Unfortunately, no consensus exists on how to determine adipose tissue insulin sensitivity. We review the methods available to quantitate adipose tissue insulin sensitivity and will discuss their strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esben Søndergaard
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark The Danish Diabetes Academy
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