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Sui B, Zheng J, Zhao J, Fu Z, Zhou M, Zhao L. RTP4 restricts lyssavirus rabies infection by binding to viral genomic RNA. Vet Microbiol 2024; 295:110159. [PMID: 38941768 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Rabies, caused by lyssavirus rabies (Rabies lyssavirus, RABV), is a fatal disease among humans and almost all warm-blooded animals. In this study, we found that RABV infection induces the up-regulation of receptor transporter protein 4 (RTP4) in mouse brains and different cells of nervous tissue. Over-expression of RTP4 reduces the viral titer of RABV in different neuronal cells. Furthermore, a recombinant RABV expressing RTP4, named rRABV-RTP4, was constructed and displayed a lower viral titer in different neuronal cells due to the expression of RTP4. Moreover, the survival rates of mice infected with rRABV-RTP4 were significantly higher than those of mice infected with parent virus rRABV or control virus rRABV-RTP4(-). In terms of mechanism, RTP4 could bind viral genomic RNA (vRNA) of RABV, and suppress the whole viral genome amplification. In addition, we found that the zinc finger domain (ZFD) of RTP4 exerts the antiviral function by truncation analysis, and an important amino acids site (C95) in the RTP4 3CxxC motif which is essential for its antiviral function was identified by mutation analysis. This study contributes to our understanding of how RTP4 or other RTP proteins play a role in defense against the invasion of RABV or other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baokun Sui
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhenfang Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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2
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Ninomiya C, Yoshino H, Ishiguro-Oonuma T, Iga K, Kanazawa T, Takahashi T, Kizaki K. Potential of Circulating miRNA Biomarkers and Exosomes for Early Pregnancy Diagnoses in Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1592. [PMID: 38891639 PMCID: PMC11171103 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) were investigated as biomarkers for the diagnosis of early pregnancy in cattle. The levels of prospective miRNA biomarkers and the features of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the blood were evaluated. In Study 1, plasma samples from cows 21 days after artificial insemination (AI) were examined using RT-qPCR to determine the levels of seven circulating miRNAs. Only the levels of miR-126-3p were significantly lower in the pregnant group than in the non-pregnant group. In Study 2, among individuals not pregnant at the first AI, the miRNA levels were compared between the individuals pregnant at the second AI and those who remained non-pregnant. The miR-25 levels were significantly higher in the pregnant group at the second AI than in the pregnant group at the first AI; miR-19b, miR-27b, and miR-29a levels were also high. In the non-pregnant group, changes were absent in the miRNA levels in the same individual between the first and second AIs. In Study 3, Western blotting and RT-qPCR showed the presence of miRNAs in EVs and their levels were lower than in plasma. Thus, circulating miR-126-3p may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of early pregnancy in cattle. In addition, the expression of some miRNAs tended to be higher during pregnancy than during non-pregnancy in the same individual, suggesting their potential as an index to determine pregnancy and non-pregnancy rates using a comparative method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Ninomiya
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan (T.I.-O.); (T.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Hitomi Yoshino
- Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan;
| | - Toshina Ishiguro-Oonuma
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan (T.I.-O.); (T.K.); (T.T.)
- Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan;
| | - Kosuke Iga
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ikenodai 2, Tsukuba 305-8602, Ibaraki, Japan;
| | - Tomomi Kanazawa
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan (T.I.-O.); (T.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Toru Takahashi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan (T.I.-O.); (T.K.); (T.T.)
- Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan;
| | - Keiichiro Kizaki
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan (T.I.-O.); (T.K.); (T.T.)
- Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan;
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Ozaki R, Inoue S, Yorozui Y, Ichikawa R, Yamada N, Higashi S, Matsuyama S, Tsukamura H, Ohkura S, Uenoyama Y, Morita Y. Capturing temperature changes on the ocular surface along with estrus and ovulation using infrared thermography in Japanese Black cows. J Reprod Dev 2024; 70:49-54. [PMID: 38008463 PMCID: PMC10902635 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2022-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-ovulatory follicles are cooler than the neighboring reproductive organs in cows. Thus, measuring the temperature of reproductive organs could be a useful method for predicting estrus and ovulation in cows, and the establishment of a non-invasive technique is required. In this study, we used infrared thermography (IRT) to measure ocular surface temperature as a potential surrogate for reproductive organ temperature. Five Japanese Black cows with synchronized estrus were subjected to temperature measurements in five regions of the ocular surface, including the nasal conjunctiva, nasal limbus, center cornea, temporal limbus, and temporal conjunctiva, twice a day (0800 h and 1600 h) during the experimental period. The temperatures in the five regions significantly declined in cows from estrus to ovulation. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to use IRT to show a temperature decrease in the ocular surface along with estrus to ovulation in Japanese Black cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riho Ozaki
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Seiji Inoue
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuki Yorozui
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Rei Ichikawa
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamada
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Seiya Higashi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuyama
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tsukamura
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohkura
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Uenoyama
- Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morita
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Casano AB, Menchetti L, Trabalza-Marinucci M, Riva F, De Matteis G, Brecchia G, Inglesi A, Rossi E, Signorelli F, Barile VL, Barbato O. Gene expression of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins-1 (PAG-1), interferon-tau (IFNt) and interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) as diagnostic and prognostic markers of maternal-fetal cellular interaction in buffalo cows. Theriogenology 2023; 209:89-97. [PMID: 37379587 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein -1 (PAG-1) mRNA expression in the maternal circulation of pregnant buffaloes during the early stage of pregnancy. Contemporaneously, the mRNA expression levels of Interferon-tau (IFNt) and some Interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) (interferon stimulated gene 15 ubiquitin-like modifier interferon, ISG15; Mixoviruses resistance 1 and 2, MX1 and MX2; 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1,OAS1) were evaluated in order to expand our knowledge of the molecular processes involved in the early stages of pregnancy and to identify potential biomarkers of maternal-fetal cellular interaction in buffalo. The study was conducted on 38 synchronized and artificially inseminated buffalo cows (d 0), divided ex post into 3 groups: Pregnant (n = 17), Non-pregnant (n = 15) and Embryo mortality (n = 6). Blood samples were collected on d 14, 19, 28 and 40 after artificial insemination (AI) for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolation. Expression levels of mRNA of PAG-1, IFNt, ISG15. MX1, MX2 and OAS1 were measured using RT-qPCR. No significant changes were observed in IFNt and PAG gene expressions between groups, while significant differences (p < 0.001) were found for ISG15, MX1, MX2, and OAS1. Pairwise comparisons revealed that the differences between groups occurred on days 19 and 28 post-AI. ISG15 proved to have the best diagnostic performance for distinguishing between pregnant animals and animals that experienced embryo mortality with the ROC analysis. According to the results of the univariate analyses, day 19 was identified as the most indicative to discriminate between groups while the most reliable genes for this differentiation were ISG15, MX1 and MX2. MX2 proved to be the best gene for discriminating pregnant buffaloes using the discriminant analysis, while MX1 was the gene that best predicted embryo mortality. Our results showed that among PAG-1, IFNt and ISGs expression as diagnostic and prognostic markers of maternal-fetal cellular interaction in buffalo cows, ISGs proved to be the best peripheral biomarkers for predicting pregnancy and embryonic mortality during the peri-implantation period. These insights into the mechanisms behind maternal-fetal interaction and the development of a method for the early detection of embryo distress may enable us to implement effective strategies to support embryo survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Casano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Menchetti
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024, Matelica, MC, Italy
| | | | - F Riva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - G De Matteis
- Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - G Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - A Inglesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - E Rossi
- Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - F Signorelli
- Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - V L Barile
- Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), 00015, Monterotondo, Roma, Italy
| | - O Barbato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126, Perugia, Italy.
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Yoshino H, Kizaki K, Hirata TI, Iga K, Matsuda H, Yamanouchi T, Hashiyada Y, Imai K, Ishiguro-Oonuma T, Kanazawa T, Takahashi T, Hashizume K. Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Leucocytes as a Convenient Prediction Marker for Embryo Status in Embryo-Transferred Japanese Black Cows during the Peri-Implantation Period. Vet Sci 2023; 10:408. [PMID: 37505814 PMCID: PMC10386093 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy diagnosis during early gestation is important for cattle reproduction. The expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) was studied in embryo-transferred (ET) Japanese Black cattle. ISGs in PBLs-ISG15, MX1, MX2, and OAS1-were detected in multiple ovulation ET cattle using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Gestational status was predicted using the average ISG levels during the normal estrous cycle (AVE) and the Youden index from the ROC curve analysis as cutoff values. The ISG15, MX1, and MX2 levels were significantly higher in pregnant cattle (n = 10) than in non-pregnant cattle (n = 23) on gestation day 21, whereas the levels of all ISGs were similar between non-pregnant and non-pregnant cattle with late embryonic death (n = 7). ISG15, MX1, and MX2 appropriately predicted the gestational status of ET cows. The statistical evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy in ET cows on day 21 of gestation presented higher values of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive predictive values of ISG15, MX1, and MX2 using the Youden index than using the AVE. Therefore, ISG15, MX1, and MX2 are excellent biomarkers of gestational status during the peri-implantation period in ET cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Yoshino
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Kizaki
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
| | - Toh-Ichi Hirata
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kosuke Iga
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 4 Akahira, Shimo-kuriyagawa, Morioka 020-0198, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hideo Matsuda
- National Livestock Breeding Center, Nishigo 961-8061, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Hashiyada
- National Livestock Breeding Center, Nishigo 961-8061, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kei Imai
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu 069-8501, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toshina Ishiguro-Oonuma
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kanazawa
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
| | - Toru Takahashi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hashizume
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
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Matsuyama S, Nakamura S, Minabe S, Sakatani M, Takenouchi N, Sasaki T, Inoue Y, Iwata H, Kimura K. Deterioration of mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation in the endometrium is a cause of subfertility in cows. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:141-152. [PMID: 36645869 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To investigate possible causes of reproductive failure, we conducted global endometrial gene expression analyses in fertile and subfertile cows. Ingenuity pathway analysis showed that RICTOR and SIRT3 are significant upstream regulators for highly expressed genes in fertile cows, and are predicted to be activated upstream regulators of normal mitochondrial respiration. Canonical pathway analysis revealed that these highly expressed genes are involved in the activation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, in subfertile cows, the inactivation of RICTOR and SIRT3 may correlate with decreased capacity of mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, the expression levels of most mitochondrial DNA genes and nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins were higher in subfertile cows. The mitochondrial DNA copy number was significantly higher in the endometrium of subfertile cows, whereas the ATP content did not differ between fertile and subfertile cows. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of PGC1a, TFAM, MFN1, FIS1, and BCL2L13 were significantly lower in subfertile cows. In addition, transmission electron microscopy images showed mitochondrial swelling in the endometrial cells of the subfertile cow. These results suggest that poor-quality mitochondria accumulate in the endometrium owing to a reduced capacity for mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, fission, and degradation in subfertile cows, and may contribute to infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Matsuyama
- Division of Animal Feeding and Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Nasushiobara, Japan
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sho Nakamura
- Division of Animal Feeding and Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Nasushiobara, Japan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Japan
| | - Shiori Minabe
- Division of Animal Feeding and Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Nasushiobara, Japan
| | - Miki Sakatani
- Division of Animal Feeding and Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Nasushiobara, Japan
- Livestock and Grassland Research Division, Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Takenouchi
- Livestock and Grassland Research Division, Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Sasaki
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Okayama A.I. Center, Livestock Improvement Association of Japan Inc., Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hisataka Iwata
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Kimura
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Interferon Tau (IFNt) and Interferon-Stimulated Genes (ISGs) Expression in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes and Correlation with Circulating Pregnancy-Associated Glycoproteins (PAGs) during Peri-Implantation and Early Pregnancy in Buffalo Cows. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223068. [PMID: 36428296 PMCID: PMC9686730 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and interferon tau (IFNt) gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes during the peri-implantation period and until 40 days of pregnancy in buffalo cows. Relationships were also examined between the expression of ISGs and IFNt and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) peripheral plasma concentration. Buffalo cows were synchronized and artificially inseminated (d 0). Blood samples were collected on days 0, 18, 28 and 40 after artificial insemination (AI) for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) isolation and PAGs radioimmunoassay analysis. The study was carried out on 21 buffalo cows divided ex post into Pregnant (n = 12) and Non-pregnant (n = 9) groups. Steady state levels of OAS1, MX2, ISG15 and IFNt mRNA were measured by RT-qPCR and their estimated marginal means (p < 0.01 for all) were higher in pregnant than non-pregnant buffaloes, both in PBMCs and PMNs. In PBMCs, pairwise comparisons showed that OAS1 and MX2 expressions differed between pregnant and non-pregnant buffaloes on all the days of observation (p < 0.001), while significant differences in ISG15 and IFNt started from day 28 post-AI (p < 0.05). In PMNs, ISG15 expression differed between groups only at days 18 and 28 (p < 0.001), while comparisons were always significant for IFNt (p < 0.05). The expression of all genes, except ISG15 as determined in PMNs, was positively associated with PAGs plasma concentrations (p < 0.05). This work showed a significant increase in ISGs and IFNt expressions in PBMCs and PMNs in buffalo during the peri-implantation period and early pregnancy, and their correlation with PAGs plasma concentration.
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KUMARI RAJNI, DAYAL SHANKER, RAMAN ROHANKUMAR, CHANDRAN PC, KUMAR SANJAY, RAY PRADEEPKUMAR, KAMAL REENA, KUMAR JYOTI, DEY AMITAVA, SARMA KAMAL, KUMAR UJJWAL. Expression dynamics of ISGs and chemokines in maternal whole blood as an indicator of healthy embryonic implantation in buffalo. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v92i10.125604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Successful pregnancy establishment has a major influence on reproductive efficiencies of dairy buffaloes. This success depends on coordinated communications between conceptus and maternally derived cells, and any disturbance in this communication network during this process leads to early embryonic losses. Since, early embryonic losses is one of the prime cause of pregnancy failure in dairy buffaloes, present investigation was aimed to understand the expression dynamics and correlation pattern of Interferon tau stimulated genes and chemokines during peri-implantation period in dairy buffaloes through transcriptional profiling followed by Principal Component Analysis. Our study revealed upregulation of all the candidate genes in maternal whole blood across the parity, emphasizing the involvement of immune responses as signatures for healthy pregnancy. Understanding these embryo-maternal communication signals offers potential to prevent incidences of early embryonic losses and can provide insights on possible targets for therapy too.
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Ono K, Okamoto S, Ninomiya C, Toji N, Kanazawa T, Ishiguro-Oonuma T, Takahashi T, Iga K, Kizaki K. Analysis of circulating microRNA during early gestation in Japanese black cattle. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 79:106706. [PMID: 34973621 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used as biomarkers for various diseases and physiological conditions in humans and mice; studies in domestic animals, particularly cattle, are limited. The importance of early pregnancy diagnosis (especially within the 21-d cow estrous cycle) in the livestock industry is extremely high. This study compared the circulating miRNAs in bred non-pregnant and pregnant Japanese Black cows, explored miRNAs as biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis, and established a measurement system that included selecting an appropriate reference miRNA and determining the effect of hemolysis on miRNA quantification in plasma. miRNA was extracted from the plasma of Japanese Black cows on day 21 after artificial insemination and subjected to a customized bovine oligonucleotide microarray for expression analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs and reference miRNA candidates were selected and validated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). An appropriate endogenous reference miRNA for normalization was selected using NormFinder software. To evaluate the effect of hemolysis on miRNA quantification, hemolyzed samples were prepared using plasma from four cows in the estrous cycle and subjected to RT-qPCR. A total of 124 miRNAs were detected in bovine plasma by microarray analysis in bred non-pregnant and pregnant cows. The levels of five circulating miRNAs were significantly higher in pregnant cows than in bred non-pregnant cows, and 24 miRNAs were detected only in the pregnant group. NormFinder analysis and RT-qPCR validation showed that miR-2455 was an appropriate reference miRNA in the plasma of bred non-pregnant and pregnant Japanese Black cows, and miR-19b, miR-25, miR-29a, and miR-148a were significantly higher in the pregnant group. These four circulating miRNAs did not change during the estrous cycle and were less affected by hemolysis. In the current study, we found four miRNAs, miR-19b, miR-25, miR-29a, and miR-148a, which were present at high levels in the plasma of pregnant Japanese Black cows. Since these miRNAs are less affected by hemolysis, they may potentially be used as biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ono
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - C Ninomiya
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - N Toji
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Kanazawa
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Ishiguro-Oonuma
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - K Iga
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Morioka, Iwate 020-0198, Japan
| | - K Kizaki
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
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10
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Meidan R, Basavaraja R. Interferon-Tau regulates a plethora of functions in the corpus luteum. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 78:106671. [PMID: 34509740 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The corpus luteum (CL) plays a vital role in regulating the reproductive cycle, fertility, and in maintaining pregnancy. Interferon-tau (IFNT) is the maternal recognition of a pregnancy signal in domestic ruminants; its uterine, paracrine actions, which extend the CL lifespan, are widely established. However, considerable evidence also suggests a direct, endocrine role for IFNT. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of IFNT in CL maintenance, acting directly and in a cell-specific manner. A transcriptomic study revealed a distinct molecular profile of IFNT-exposed day 18, pregnant bovine CL, compared to the non-pregnant gland. A substantial fraction of the differentially expressed genes was downregulated, many of which are known to be elevated by prostaglandin F2A (PGF2A). In vitro, IFNT was found to mimic changes observed in the luteal transcriptome of early pregnancy. Key luteolytic genes such as endothelin-1 (EDN1), transforming growth factor-B1 (TGFB1), thrombospondins (THBSs) 1&2 and serpine-1 (SERPINE1) were downregulated in luteal endothelial cells. Luteal steroidogenic large cells (LGCs) were also found to be a target for the antilutelotytic actions of IFNT. IFNT-treated LGCs showed a significant reduction in the expression of the proapoptotic, antiangiogenic THBS1&2, as well as TGFBR1 and 2. Furthermore, IFNT was shown to be a potent survival factor for luteal cells in vivo and in vitro, activating diverse pathways to promote cell survival while suppressing cell death signals. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), robustly upregulated by IFNT in various luteal cell types, mediated many of the prosurvival effects of IFNT in LGCs. A novel reciprocal inhibitory crosstalk between PTX3 and THBS1 lends further support to their respective survival and apoptotic actions in the CL. Even though IFNT did not directly regulate progesterone synthesis, it could maintain its concentrations, by increasing luteal cell survival and by supporting vascular stabilization. The direct effects of IFNT in the CL, enhancing cell survival and vasculature stabilization while curbing luteolytic activities, may constitute an important complementary branch leading to the extension of the luteal lifespan during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001 Israel.
| | - Raghavendra Basavaraja
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001 Israel
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SUGINO Y, SATO T, YAMAMOTO Y, KIMURA K. Evaluation of bovine uterine gland functions in 2D and 3D culture system. J Reprod Dev 2022; 68:254-261. [PMID: 35644574 PMCID: PMC9334319 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2022-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In ruminants, uterine glands play key roles in the establishment of pregnancy by secreting various factors into the uterine lumen. Although a three-dimensional (3D) culture system has been
used for investigating cellular functions in vitro, the detailed functions of uterine gland have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the benefits of 3D
culture system to examine the innate functions of bovine uterine glands. Isolated bovine uterine glands were cultured on Matrigel (2D) or in Matrigel (3D), respectively, and the mRNA levels
of secreted proteins (SERPINA14, MEP1B, APOA1, ARSA, CTGF, and SPP1) were measured in
isolated and cultured uterine glands. The protein expression of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and progesterone receptor (PR) and the establishment of apico-basal polarity were examined. In
isolated uterine glands, the mRNA levels of secreted proteins changed during the estrous cycle. Although uterine glands cultured in both 2D and 3D expressed ERβ and PR, progesterone did not
affect SERPINA14 mRNA expression. The expression of APOA1 mRNA in 2D cultured uterine glands did not respond to estrogen and progesterone. Additionally, the
mRNA levels of secreted proteins in the 3D culture system were significantly higher than those in the 2D culture system, which might be attributed to the different cellular morphology
between them. The locations of ZO-1 and β-catenin in 2D cultured uterine glands were disordered compared with 3D cultured uterine glands. These results showed that the hormonal
responsiveness of secreted factor expression and cellular morphology were different between 2D and 3D cultured bovine uterine glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke SUGINO
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Taiki SATO
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuki YAMAMOTO
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Koji KIMURA
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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12
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Basavaraja R, Drum JN, Sapuleni J, Bibi L, Friedlander G, Kumar S, Sartori R, Meidan R. Downregulated luteolytic pathways in the transcriptome of early pregnancy bovine corpus luteum are mimicked by interferon-tau in vitro. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:452. [PMID: 34134617 PMCID: PMC8207607 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maintenance of the corpus luteum (CL) beyond the time of luteolysis is essential for establishing pregnancy. Identifying the distinct features of early pregnancy CL remains unresolved, hence we analyzed here the transcriptome of CL on day 18 pregnant (P) and non-pregnant (NP) cows using RNA-Seq. CL of P cows expressed ISGs, verifying exposure to the pregnancy recognition signal, interferon-tau (IFNT), whereas the CL of NP cows had elevated luteal progesterone levels, implying that luteolysis had not yet commenced. Results The DEGs, IPA, and metascape canonical pathways, along with GSEA analysis, differed markedly in the CL of P cows from those of NP cows, at the same day of the cycle. Both metascape and IPA identified similar significantly enriched pathways such as interferon alpha/beta, sonic hedgehog pathway, TNFA, EDN1, TGFB1, and PDGF. However, type-1 interferon and sonic hedgehog pathways were positively enriched whereas most of the enriched pathways were downregulated in the P compared to NP samples. Thirty-four % of these pathways are known to be elevated by PGF2A during luteolysis. Notably, selective DEGs in luteinized granulosa cells were modulated by IFNT in vitro in a similar manner to their regulation in the CL of P cows. Conclusion This study unraveled the unique transcriptomic signature of the IFNT-exposed, early pregnancy CL, highlighting the abundance of downregulated pathways known to be otherwise induced during luteolysis. These and IFNT-regulated in vitro pregnancy-specific DEGs suggest that IFNT contributes to the characteristics and maintenance of early pregnancy CL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07747-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Basavaraja
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jessica N Drum
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Jackson Sapuleni
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lonice Bibi
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gilgi Friedlander
- The Mantoux Bioinformatics institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sai Kumar
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roberto Sartori
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.
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13
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Melo GD, Pinto LMF, Rocha CC, Motta IG, Silva LA, da Silveira JC, Gonella-Diaza AM, Binelli M, Pugliesi G. Type I interferon receptors and interferon-τ-stimulated genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and polymorphonuclear leucocytes during early pregnancy in beef heifers. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:953-966. [PMID: 32646539 DOI: 10.1071/rd19430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study characterised the expression of interferon (IFN)-τ-stimulated genes (ISGs) and Type I IFN receptors in circulating polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) of beef heifers and compared it with expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) up to Day 20 of gestation. Nelore heifers (n=26) were subjected to fixed-time AI (FTAI) on Day 0. PMNs and PBMCs were isolated on Days 0, 10, 14, 16, 18 and 20 after FTAI. The abundance of target transcripts (ubiquitin-like protein (ISG15), 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1), myxovirus resistance 2 (MX2), IFN receptor I (IFNAR1) and IFN receptor 2 (IFNAR2)) was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and compared between pregnant (n=8) and non-pregnant (n=9) females. In both PBMCs and PMNs, ISG15 and OAS1 expression was greater in pregnant than non-pregnant heifers on Days 18 and 20. There were no significant differences in the expression of ISGs between PBMCs and PMNs. A time effect on expression was found for IFNAR1 in PBMCs and IFNAR2 in PMNs, with decreased expression of both genes on Days 18 and 20. When the expression of these genes was compared between cell types only in pregnant heifers, IFNAR2 expression in PMNs had an earlier decrease when compared to its expression in PBMCs, starting from Day 18. In conclusion, PMNs do not respond earlier to the conceptus stimulus, and ISG15 and OAS1 expression in both PMNs and PBMCs can be used as a suitable marker for pregnancy diagnosis on Days 18 and 20. In addition, gestational status did not affect IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 expression, but IFNAR2 showed a distinct response between PMNs and PBMCs of pregnant heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Melo
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Campus Fernando Costa, University of São Paulo, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - L M F Pinto
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Campus Fernando Costa, University of São Paulo, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - C C Rocha
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Campus Fernando Costa, University of São Paulo, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - I G Motta
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Campus Fernando Costa, University of São Paulo, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - L A Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Campus Fernando Costa, University of São Paulo, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - J C da Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Campus Fernando Costa, University of São Paulo, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - A M Gonella-Diaza
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Marianna, 4932 Highway 162, Marianna, FL 32446, USA
| | - M Binelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, 2250 Shealy Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - G Pugliesi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Campus Fernando Costa, University of São Paulo, 13635-900, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil; and Corresponding author.
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14
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Rocha CC, da Silveira JC, Forde N, Binelli M, Pugliesi G. Conceptus-modulated innate immune function during early pregnancy in ruminants: a review. Anim Reprod 2021; 18:e20200048. [PMID: 34122650 PMCID: PMC8189353 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the innate immune events modulated by conceptus signaling during early pregnancy in ruminants. Interferon-tau (IFN-τ) plays a role in the recognition of pregnancy in ruminants, which involves more than the inhibition of luteolytic pulses of PGF2α to maintain corpus luteum function. For successful pregnancy establishment, the allogenic conceptus needs to prevent rejection by the female. Therefore, IFN-τ exerts paracrine and endocrine actions to regulate the innate immune system and prevent conceptus rejection. Additionally, other immune regulators work in parallel with IFN-τ, such as the pattern recognition receptors (PRR). These receptors are activated during viral and bacterial infections and in early pregnancy, but it remains unknown whether PPR expression and function are controlled by IFN-τ. Therefore, this review focuses on the main components of the innate immune response that are involved with early pregnancy and their importance to avoid conceptus rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Constantino Rocha
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Juliano Coelho da Silveira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Niamh Forde
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Binelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Guilherme Pugliesi
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
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15
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Ferraz PA, Filho CASG, Rocha CC, Neto AL, de Andrade Bruni G, Oshiro TSI, Baruselli PS, Lima FS, Pugliesi G. Feasibility and accuracy of using different methods to detect pregnancy by conceptus-stimulated genes in dairy cattle. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:153-158. [PMID: 36339504 PMCID: PMC9623623 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2020-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are the best biomarker for pregnancy prediction on d 20 after timed AI. An abundance of ISG15 was observed in pregnant dairy females in PBMC, total blood leukocytes, and cervical cells. Abundance of LGALS3BP is not good biomarker for determination of pregnancy status using any cell type. Total milk leukocytes are not useful for detection of genes stimulated by early pregnancy.
Development of new methods for early diagnosis of pregnancy can be important to increase the reproductive efficiency and profitability of dairy herds. The bovine conceptus secretes IFN-τ that stimulates the transcription of several genes in circulating immune cells and extrauterine tissues. The aims of this study were to evaluate the mRNA abundance for pregnancy predictability of a classic gene stimulated by IFN-τ (ISG15) and a novel potential pregnancy marker (LGALS3BP) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), total blood leukocytes (TBL) or milk leukocytes (TML), and cervical cells (CC) on d 20 after timed artificial insemination (TAI) in dairy cattle. Eighteen Holstein females (12 cows and 6 heifers) were submitted to an estrous synchronization protocol for TAI (d 0). On d 20 post-TAI, blood samples were collected from coccygeal vessels for isolation of PBMC and in Tempus Blood RNA tubes (Applied Biosystems) for TBL. Samples of CC were collected using a cytological brush, and the TML were isolated from milk samples collected before routine milking. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on d 30 post-TAI using transrectal ultrasonography, and females were classified as pregnant (n = 8) or nonpregnant (n = 10). Total RNA was extracted and mRNA abundance of target genes (ISG15 and LGALS3BP) was quantified by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR and normalized in relation to reference genes. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc.). The mRNA abundance of ISG15 was greater in pregnant than in nonpregnant animals for PBMC, TBL, and CC. No difference was detected for TML based on pregnancy status. For LGALS3BP mRNA abundance, no difference was detected between pregnant and nonpregnant animals for PBMC, TBL, and TML, but a tendency for greater abundance in pregnant animals was observed for CC. The fold change for ISG15 in each pregnant cow related to the mean of nonpregnant animals was 2.73 ± 0.31, 3.40 ± 2.17, 1.64 ± 0.29, and 0.005 ± 0.002 for PBMC, CC, TBL, and TML, respectively. The fold change for LGALS3BP in each pregnant cow related to the mean of nonpregnant animals was 0.97 ± 0.38, 1.77 ± 0.39, 0.20 ± 0.08, and 0.70 ± 0.11 for PBMC, CC, TBL, and TML, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that ISG15 abundance predicted pregnancy in PBMC (area under curve, AUC = 0.92) and CC (AUC = 0.77) but not in TBL (AUC = 0.72) or TML (AUC = 0.52). In conclusion, mRNA abundance for ISG15 in PBMC was the best predictor for pregnancy at d 20 post-TAI, whereas TBL and TML were not good predictors of pregnancy on d 20 post-TAI. The mRNA abundance of LGALS3BP was not associated with pregnancy status in any type of cell evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Assis Ferraz
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo 00508-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Souto Godoy Filho
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo 00508-900, Brazil
| | | | - Adomar Laurindo Neto
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo 00508-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Andrade Bruni
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo 00508-900, Brazil
| | - Thais Sayuri Imura Oshiro
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo 00508-900, Brazil
| | - Pietro Sampaio Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo 00508-900, Brazil
| | - Fabio Soares Lima
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
| | - Guilherme Pugliesi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo 00508-900, Brazil
- Corresponding author
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16
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D Occhio MJ, Campanile G, Baruselli PS. Transforming growth factor-β superfamily and interferon-τ in ovarian function and embryo development in female cattle: review of biology and application. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:539-552. [PMID: 32024582 DOI: 10.1071/rd19123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival of the embryo and establishment of a pregnancy is a critical period in the reproductive function of female cattle. This review examines how the transforming growth factor-β (TGFB) superfamily (i.e. bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 15, growth differentiation factor (GDF) 9, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)) and interferon-τ (IFNT) affect ovarian function and embryo development. The oocyte in a primary follicle secretes BMP15 and GDF9, which, together, organise the surrounding granulosa and theca cells into the oocyte-cumulus-follicle complex. At the same time, the granulosa secretes AMH, which affects the oocyte. This autocrine-paracrine dialogue between the oocyte and somatic cells continues throughout follicle development and is fundamental in establishing the fertilisation potential and embryo developmental competency of oocytes. The early bovine embryo secretes IFNT, which acts at the uterine endometrium, corpus luteum and blood leucocytes. IFNT is involved in the maternal recognition of pregnancy and immunomodulation to prevent rejection of the embryo, and supports progesterone secretion. Manipulation of BMP15, GDF9, AMH and IFNT in both invivo and invitro studies has confirmed their importance in reproductive function in female cattle. This review makes the case that a deeper understanding of the biology of BMP15, GDF9, AMH and IFNT will lead to new strategies to increase embryo survival and improve fertility in cattle. The enhancement of oocyte quality, early embryo development and implantation is considered necessary for the next step change in the efficiency of natural and assisted reproduction in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J D Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, 410 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, V. F. Delpino, 1 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro S Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootecnia, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-270 Brazil; and Corresponding author.
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Endriß KJ, Meyerholz MM, Fischbach T, Brimmers L, Pfarrer C, Marth CD, Schmicke M. In vitro effects of Type I interferons (IFNτ and IFNα) on bovine hepatocytes cultured with or without Kupffer cells. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:305-317. [PMID: 33573713 DOI: 10.1071/rd20278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In cattle, maternal recognition of early pregnancy depends on the effects of the embryonic signal interferon (IFN)-τ. IFN-stimulated genes have been upregulated in the maternal liver during early pregnancy. In this study, primary hepatocyte cell culture models were evaluated for their suitability to test Type I IFN effects invitro. The expression of target genes (interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG-15), interferon-induced GTP-binding protein (MX-1), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL-10), CXCL-5, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IGF binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2)) was measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction in hepatocytes from monoculture or in indirect coculture with Kupffer cells (HKCid) on Days 1, 2, 3 and 4 of culture (n=21 donor cows). Gene expression was also measured on Day 4 after challenging the cultures with recombinant IFNτ, IFNα, progesterone (P4), IFNτ+IFNα or IFNτ+P4 for 6h. A significant increase in the mRNA expression of target genes in hepatocytes was shown in response to stimulation with IFNτ. The Kupffer cells in coculture did not influence the effects of IFNτ in hepatocytes. In conclusion, primary bovine hepatocyte cultures are suitable for stimulation experiments with Type I IFNs and as an extrauterine model for embryo-maternal communication. The proposed endocrine action of IFNτ in the liver may affect maternal metabolism and immune function in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Josef Endriß
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Clinic for Cattle, Endocrinology, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30539 Hanover, Germany
| | - Marie Margarete Meyerholz
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Sonnenstraße 16, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Teresa Fischbach
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Clinic for Cattle, Endocrinology, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30539 Hanover, Germany
| | - Lutz Brimmers
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Clinic for Cattle, Endocrinology, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30539 Hanover, Germany
| | - Christiane Pfarrer
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Anatomy, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30539 Hanover, Germany
| | - Christina Deborah Marth
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Vic. 3030, Australia
| | - Marion Schmicke
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Clinic for Cattle, Endocrinology, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30539 Hanover, Germany; and Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Animal Health Management, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 11, 06120 Halle, Germany; and Corresponding author.
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18
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Husnurrizal H, Siregar TN, Gholib G, Panjaitan B, Armansyah T, Wahyuni S. Profiles of progesterone and bovine interferon-τ in repeat breeding and non-repeat breeding Aceh cows. Vet World 2021; 14:230-236. [PMID: 33642808 PMCID: PMC7896903 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.230-236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed at determining the profiles of progesterone and bovine interferon-τ (bIFN-τ) and the correlation between the two in repeat breeding (RB) Aceh cattle and non-RB Aceh cattle. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed on five RB and five non-RB Aceh cows. These cows were subjected to estrous synchronization using the prostaglandin F2 alpha hormone, which was followed by artificial insemination (AI). Serum samples were collected on days 5, 6, 7, 15, 16, and 17 after AI to measure the concentration of progesterone at the beginning and end of the luteal phase and from days 14 to 18 after AI to measure the concentration of bIFN-τ. The concentrations of progesterone and bIFN-τ were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pregnancy examinations were performed by ultrasonography on days 25, 35, 45, and 55 after AI. Data for progesterone and bIFN-τ concentrations were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and t-tests, and the correlation between progesterone and bIFN-τ was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. RESULTS The average concentration of progesterone in RB Aceh cows tended to be lower than non-RB Aceh cows, but it was not significantly different (p>0.05). Similar results also found in the concentration of bIFN-τ which RB Aceh cows tended to have lower bIFN-τ concentrations compared to non-RB Aceh cows, but it was also not significantly different (p>0.05). Moreover, the concentrations of progesterone and bIFN-τ in RB and non-RB Aceh cows did not show a significant correlation (p>0.05). These results of the ultrasonography showed that non-RB Aceh cows were pregnant from day 25 to day 55 after AI, whereas RB Aceh cows were not pregnant and had early embryonic death. CONCLUSION The concentrations of progesterone and bIFN-τ in non-RB Aceh cows tended to be higher than those in RB Aceh cows, although, it was not significantly different. Non-RB Aceh cows were able to maintain pregnancy until day 55, whereas RB Aceh cows were diagnosed with early embryonic death before day 25 after AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husnurrizal Husnurrizal
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Tongku Nizwan Siregar
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Gholib Gholib
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Budianto Panjaitan
- Laboratory of Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Teuku Armansyah
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Sri Wahyuni
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
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19
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Pohler KG, Reese ST, Franco GA, Oliveira RV, Paiva R, Fernandez L, de Melo G, Vasconcelos JLM, Cooke R, Poole RK. New approaches to diagnose and target reproductive failure in cattle. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20200057. [PMID: 33029221 PMCID: PMC7534570 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive failure and pregnancy loss in cattle are some of the largest economic burdens to cattle producers and one of most perplexing factors influencing management decisions. Pregnancy loss may occur at any point during gestation with the largest percentage of loss occurring in the first 30 days and, subsequently, decreasing as the pregnancy progresses. Losses may be attributed to numerous factors, predisposed issues or environmental conditions such as nutritional stressors or disease. From a research perspective, determining the exact causes of pregnancy loss or embryonic mortality in cattle have been difficult, due to limitations of accurately determining early gestation pregnancy status. Until methods that precisely determine embryo success early in gestation are available, our understanding of in vivo pregnancy loss will lack clarity necessary to develop management strategies to decrease such loss. In this review, we will briefly discuss the pivotal periods of pregnancy loss affecting beef and dairy cattle, methods and technologies to determine pregnancy status and embryo viability and potential opportunities to decrease reproductive failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ky Garrett Pohler
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Sydney Taylor Reese
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Gessica Araujo Franco
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ramiro Vander Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Rafael Paiva
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Lohana Fernandez
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Gabriela de Melo
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | | | - Reinaldo Cooke
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Rebecca Kyle Poole
- Department of Animal Science, Pregnancy and Developmental Programming Area of Excellence, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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20
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Panda BSK, Mohapatra SK, Chaudhary D, Alhussien MN, Kapila R, Dang AK. Proteomics and transcriptomics study reveals the utility of ISGs as novel molecules for early pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cows. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 140:103148. [PMID: 32447181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An early and precise diagnosis of pregnancy in cows is critical to short the calving interval and to improve their reproductive efficiency. Neutrophils are the first blood cells to sensitize the embryo in the uterus and participate in maternal recognition of pregnancy after getting induced by interferon tau (IFNτ). To study the protein abundance ratio, blood samples were collected on 0th, 10th, 18th and 36th day post-artificial insemination (AI) from crossbred Karan Fries cows. Neutrophils were isolated through density gradient centrifugation and studied for protein abundance by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Protein abundance ratios for Myxovirus resistance (MX1 and MX2) were found to be higher (P < 0.05) on day 10 and day 18 post-AI, whereas Oligoadenylate synthetase-1 (OAS1) and Interferon stimulated gene-15 ubiquitin-like modifier (ISG15) proteins were more abundant on day 18 post-AI. The relative mRNA expressions of these molecules were also studied by qPCR. The gene expression of ISG15, MX1, MX2 and OAS1 was found to be higher (P < 0.05) on day 10th, 18th and 36th post-AI compared to day 0. The study indicates that ISGs on blood neutrophils are essential for the establishment of pregnancy and may be targeted as potential biomarkers for pregnancy diagnosis in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibhudatta S K Panda
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Mohapatra
- Department of Animal Biochemistry, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Dheeraj Chaudhary
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | | | - Rajeev Kapila
- Department of Animal Biochemistry, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India.
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21
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Applied use of interferon-tau stimulated genes expression in polymorphonuclear cells to detect pregnancy compared to other early predictors in beef cattle. Theriogenology 2020; 152:94-105. [PMID: 32387553 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of Interferon-tau stimulated genes (ISG) abundance in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) on D20 after fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI; D0) as a pregnancy diagnosis method against CL evaluation by Doppler ultrasonography and progesterone (P4) concentrations on D20, as well as Pregnancy Associated Glycoproteins (PAG) concentrations on D25. Additionally, we evaluated the potential of ISG abundance in PMNs as pregnancy loss predictors. Nelore heifers (n = 103) and cows (n = 144) underwent estrous synchronization and were artificially inseminated on D0. Pregnancy was diagnosed by B-mode ultrasonography on D30 and D70, and after the final diagnosis, females were classified in four groups: Pregnant; Non-pregnant; Functional CL on D20 but non-pregnant (CL-NP) and Pregnancy loss between D30 and D70 (PL). After determining cutoff values, the Sensitivity (SE), Specificity (SP), Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and Accuracy (ACC) were determined for each method. All methods were classified as significant (P < 0.05) predictors of pregnancy. Both ISG expression and PAG concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) in pregnant females than in non-pregnant and CL-NP females but did not differ (P > 0.05) from the PL group. ISG15 expression was greater (P < 0.05) in heifers than in cows, but this difference was not found in OAS1 expression and PAG concentrations. All the methods evaluated were proven to be adequate predictors of pregnancy, but greater accuracies were obtained through PAG concentrations and Doppler-US, due to the decreased number of false positive and false negative results.
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22
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Teeli AS, Sheikh PA, Patra MK, Singh D, Kumar B, Kumar H, Singh SK, Verma MR, Krishnaswamy N. Effect of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated rich fish oil supplementation on ovarian function and interferon stimulated genes in the repeat breeding cow. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 211:106230. [PMID: 31785633 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) improve utero-ovarian functions and embryonic survival in postpartum dairy cows. Because early embryonic mortality is the major cause of repeat breeding (RB) in cows, there was investigation of the effect of dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFA [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] rich fish oil (FO) from -2 to +2 weeks of artificial insemination on the size of preovulatory follicle (POF), serum progesterone (P4) and relative abundance of the mRNA of interferon stimulated genes (ISG) that encode for these proteins in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) in the RB cow (n = 12). The diet of control group was supplemented with palm oil (PO). The results indicated serum concentrations of EPA and DHA were greater by 4.6- and 3.5-fold, respectively at the end of feeding study in the RB cows of the FO group. The diameter of POF was larger by 2.2 mm in FO group; however, serum P4 did not vary from day 14-20 post-artificial insemination. Greater abundance of ISG mRNA transcripts such as ISG15, RTP4, Mx2 and OAS1 in the PBL of pregnant cows of FO group indicates day 20 conceptuses produced more IFN-τ. It is concluded that supplementation of FO during the breeding period increased the size of POF and enhanced the abundance of ISG mRNA transcripts in RB cows that became pregnant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Salam Teeli
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P., India.
| | - Parveez Ahmad Sheikh
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Manas Kumar Patra
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, U.P., India
| | - Degpal Singh
- Immunology Section, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, U.P., India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Harendra Kumar
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Med Ram Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P., India
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23
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Serrano-Pérez B, Molina E, Noya A, López-Helguera I, Casasús I, Sanz A, Villalba D. Maternal nutrient restriction in early pregnancy increases the risk of late embryo loss despite no effects on peri-implantation interferon-stimulated genes in suckler beef cattle. Res Vet Sci 2019; 128:69-75. [PMID: 31731220 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Reducing feeding costs in suckler beef herds to improve economic returns could have detrimental impacts on fertility. This study sought to determine whether maternal nutrient restriction during early pregnancy affects interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the peri-implantation period in two beef cattle breeds. Relationships were also examined between subnutrition and pregnancy failure defined according to ISG fold changes on Days 18 and 21 and to plasma pregnancy specific protein B (PSPB) concentrations on Day 28 post-artificial insemination (AI). Pirenaica or Parda de Montaña dams were assigned to a control (n = 23) or subnutrition (n = 30) group, receiving 100% or 65% of their estimated nutritional requirements from Day 1 to 82 post-AI, respectively. Treatment did not affect ISG expression or fertility. According to ISG fold changes (chi-square P = .023) or PSPB levels (chi-square P = .04) recorded in the subnutrition group, late embryo loss was more likely than in controls. Positive correlation was detected between Day 28 PSPB concentrations and both Day 18 MX1, MX2 and ISG15 expression, and Day 21 OAS1 expression. OAS1 and MX1 fold changes were found to be the best variables to discriminate pregnancy status. Our findings indicate that maternal nutrient restriction during the first third of pregnancy does not impair embryo signalling yet may increase the risk of pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Serrano-Pérez
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Agrotecnio Centre, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - E Molina
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - A Noya
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I López-Helguera
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Agrotecnio Centre, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - I Casasús
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Sanz
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - D Villalba
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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24
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Interferon-Tau Exerts Direct Prosurvival and Antiapoptotic Actions in Luteinized Bovine Granulosa Cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14682. [PMID: 31605002 PMCID: PMC6789004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-tau (IFNT), serves as a signal to maintain the corpus luteum (CL) during early pregnancy in domestic ruminants. We investigated here whether IFNT directly affects the function of luteinized bovine granulosa cells (LGCs), a model for large-luteal cells. Recombinant ovine IFNT (roIFNT) induced the IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs; MX2, ISG15, and OAS1Y). IFNT induced a rapid and transient (15–45 min) phosphorylation of STAT1, while total STAT1 protein was higher only after 24 h. IFNT treatment elevated viable LGCs numbers and decreased dead/apoptotic cell counts. Consistent with these effects on cell viability, IFNT upregulated cell survival proteins (MCL1, BCL-xL, and XIAP) and reduced the levels of gamma-H2AX, cleaved caspase-3, and thrombospondin-2 (THBS2) implicated in apoptosis. Notably, IFNT reversed the actions of THBS1 on cell viability, XIAP, and cleaved caspase-3. Furthermore, roIFNT stimulated proangiogenic genes, including FGF2, PDGFB, and PDGFAR. Corroborating the in vitro observations, CL collected from day 18 pregnant cows comprised higher ISGs together with elevated FGF2, PDGFB, and XIAP, compared with CL derived from day 18 cyclic cows. This study reveals that IFNT activates diverse pathways in LGCs, promoting survival and blood vessel stabilization while suppressing cell death signals. These mechanisms might contribute to CL maintenance during early pregnancy.
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25
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Progesterone Supplementation During the Pre-implantation Period Influences Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression in Lactating Dairy Cows. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2019-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This study examined the effect of progesterone (P4) supplementation from Days 16 to 18 post-AI on interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression on Day 19 in high-producing dairy cows. Gene expression levels were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Possible relationships between ISG expression and the incidence of pregnancy failure were also investigated. Cows were alternately assigned on Day 16 post-AI to a control (C: n = 13) or treatment group (P4: n = 14). Out of 27 cows, 12 returned to oestrus before pregnancy diagnosis and 9 were diagnosed as pregnant on Day 28. ISG expression was assessed in all cows. Expression levels for the genes OAS1, ISG15, MX1 and MX2 were higher for pregnant than for non-pregnant cows (P=0.04; P<0.001; P=0.02; P=0.045; respectively). A significant (P=0.01) interaction was observed between the treatment and positive pregnancy diagnosis groups on Day 28 post-AI for the probability of showing ISG expression. This interaction suggests that in cows not pregnant on Day 28, P4 supplementation may have led to increased ISG15 mRNA expression on Day 19. Lower ISG15 expression was detected for cows returning to oestrus than for pregnant cows (P<0.001). However, cows with a negative pregnancy diagnosis showed intermediate values, differences being non-significant when compared to cows returning to oestrus or pregnant cows. Our results suggest that P4 supplementation during the pre-implantation period promotes conceptus signalling.
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26
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Sánchez JM, Mathew DJ, Behura SK, Passaro C, Charpigny G, Butler ST, Spencer TE, Lonergan P. Bovine endometrium responds differentially to age-matched short and long conceptuses†. Biol Reprod 2019; 101:26-39. [PMID: 30977805 PMCID: PMC6614577 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study combined in vitro production of bovine blastocysts, multiple embryo transfer techniques, and a conceptus-endometrial explant co-culture system to test the hypothesis that bovine endometrium exposed to long vs. short day 15 conceptuses would exhibit a different transcriptome profile reflective of potential for successful pregnancy establishment. Bovine endometrial explants collected at the late luteal stage of the estrous cycle were cultured in RPMI medium for 6 h with nothing (control), 100 ng/mL recombinant ovine interferon tau (IFNT), a long day 15 conceptus, or a short day 15 conceptus. Transcriptional profiling of the endometrial explants found that exposure of endometrium to IFNT, long conceptuses, or short conceptuses altered (P < 0.05) expression of 491, 498, and 230 transcripts, respectively, compared to the control. Further analysis revealed three categories of differentially expressed genes (DEG): (i) commonly responsive to exposure to IFNT and conceptuses, irrespective of size (n = 223); (ii) commonly responsive to IFNT and long conceptuses only (n = 168); and genes induced by the presence of a conceptus but independent of IFNT (n = 108). Of those 108 genes, 101 were exclusively induced by long conceptuses and functional analysis revealed that regulation of molecular function, magnesium-ion transmembrane transport, and clathrin coat assembly were the principal gene ontologies associated with these DEG. In conclusion, bovine endometrium responds differently to age-matched conceptuses of varying size in both an IFNT-dependent and -independent manner, which may be reflective of the likelihood of successful pregnancy establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Sánchez
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Mathew
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susanta K Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Claudia Passaro
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gilles Charpigny
- INRA, Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Stephen T Butler
- Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Fontes PLP, Oosthuizen N, Ciriaco FM, Sanford CD, Canal LB, Pohler KG, Henry DD, Mercadante VRG, Timlin CL, Ealy AD, Johnson SE, DiLorenzo N, Lamb GC. Impact of fetal vs. maternal contributions of Bos indicus and Bos taurus genetics on embryonic and fetal development1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:1645-1655. [PMID: 30759199 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate how the inclusion of Bos indicus genotype influences early fetal development in cattle, a reciprocal embryo transfer approach was used in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to generate 55 pregnancies over 2 consecutive years (n = 55). Recipient cows were randomly assigned to (i) a diet that met daily energy maintenance requirements (MAINT) or (ii) a diet that restricted intake to 70% of the energy maintenance requirements (RESTR). Angus (AN) and Brangus (BN) embryo donors were superovulated and artificially inseminated with female sexed-sorted semen from the same breed. Embryos were then randomly transferred to either AN or BN recipients fed their respective diets for 28 d. Recipients remained on the dietary scheme until day 91 of gestation and were then comingled and fed a common diet that met their energy requirements until calving. Measurements included pregnancy establishment at day 28 of gestation, interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) expression in peripheral blood leukocytes, pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG; using two commercial [A1 and A2] and one in-house assay), and fetal crown-to-rump length (CRL). Recipients in the RESTR diet had lower BWs and BCS (diet × day; P < 0.01) than MAINT recipients. Energy-restricted AN recipients experienced greater (recipient breed × diet, P < 0.01) pregnancy failure by day 28 than the other recipient breed × diet combinations. Restricted recipients that received AN embryos experienced greater pregnancy failure than RESTR recipients receiving BN embryos (embryo breed × diet; P = 0.03). No relevant differences were observed in ISG expression (P > 0.10). Recipients that received BN embryos had greater plasma concentrations of PAG in both A1 (embryo breed × day, P < 0.01) and A2 (embryo breed; P < 0.01). Alternatively, recipients that received AN embryos had greater plasma concentrations of PAG for the in-house assay (embryo breed × day; P < 0.01). In addition, fetuses from AN recipients had greater CRL on day 91 (breed × day, P < 0.01). In summary, Bos taurus cows experienced greater pregnancy failure when nutrient restricted. Furthermore, fetal size and the profile of PAG production during early gestation differed between B. indicus-influenced and B. taurus cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L P Fontes
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Nicola Oosthuizen
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Francine M Ciriaco
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL
| | - Carla D Sanford
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL
| | - Luara B Canal
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL
| | - Ky G Pohler
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Darren D Henry
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
| | | | - Claire L Timlin
- Department of Animal & Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Alan D Ealy
- Department of Animal & Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Sally E Johnson
- Department of Animal & Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Nicolas DiLorenzo
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL
| | - G Cliff Lamb
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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Veronese A, Marques O, Peñagaricano F, Bisinotto RS, Pohler KG, Bilby TR, Chebel RC. Genomic merit for reproductive traits. II: Physiological responses of Holstein heifers. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:6639-6648. [PMID: 31030930 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fertility traits were recently added to the evaluation of genetic merit, allowing for the selection of Holstein cattle with improved reproductive performance. In the current study, we investigated the associations among genomic merit for daughter pregnancy rate (GDPR) and heifer conception rate (GHCR) and physiological responses during proestrus and diestrus. Holstein heifers (n = 99) were classified based on GDPR [high = 3.26 ± 0.76 (1.6 to 5.3), n = 48; low = -0.17 ± 0.75 (-1.8 to 1.0), n = 51] and GHCR [high = 2.75 ± 0.77 (1.5 to 5.5), n = 49; low = 0.06 ± 0.67 (-2.1 to 1.2), n = 50]. Heifers were fitted with an automated estrous detection device, were treated with PGF2α for synchronization of estrus, and received either artificial insemination or embryo transfer at detected estrus. Blood was sampled at the time of PGF2α treatment, within 24 h of the onset of estrus (d 0), and on d 7, 14, 19 ± 2, 28, and 35. Blood samples from all heifers were analyzed for concentrations of estradiol (d 0) and progesterone (on the day of PGF2α treatment and d 0, 7, and 14). Blood samples from heifers pregnant on d 38 ± 3 were analyzed for concentrations of progesterone (d 0, 7, 14, 19 ± 2, 28, and 35), pregnancy-specific protein B (d 19 ± 2, 28, and 35), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (d 0, 7, 14, 19 ± 2, 28, and 35). Expression of mRNA for interferon-stimulated gene 15 in peripheral leukocytes isolated from blood collected on d 19 ± 2 was determined. Ovaries were scanned by ultrasound daily from d 0 to 4 or until ovulation was detected. Heifers with low GHCR tended to be less likely to be detected in estrus (78.0 vs. 91.8%). Estradiol concentration on d 0 was greater for heifers with high GDPR (4.53 ± 0.23 vs. 3.79 ± 0.23 pg/mL). The ovulatory follicle was larger for heifers with high GDPR (16.28 ± 0.33 vs. 14.55 ± 0.35 mm), whereas heifers with high GHCR tended to have smaller ovulatory follicles (15.00 ± 0.31 vs. 15.83 ± 0.37 mm). Heifers with high GDPR tended to be more likely to ovulate within 96 h of the onset of estrus (90.7 vs. 75.0%). Among heifers pregnant on d 38 ± 3, GDPR and GHCR were not associated with mRNA expression for interferon-stimulated gene 15. Heifers with high GDPR had greater concentration of pregnancy-specific protein B from d 28 to 35 (3.03 ± 0.15 vs. 2.48 ± 0.1 ng/mL). Heifers with high GHCR tended to have greater insulin-like growth factor 1 concentration from d 7 to 35 (108.0 ± 3.2 vs. 97.7 ± 4.2 ng/mL). Our results suggest that selection for Holstein cattle for GDPR may have positive effects on reproductive performance through changes in ovarian follicle development and steroidogenesis. Although selection of Holstein cattle for GHCR may negatively affect estrous expression by affecting ovarian follicle growth, selection for GHCR may improve reproductive performance by altering the somatotropic axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Veronese
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610
| | - Odinei Marques
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610
| | | | - Rafael S Bisinotto
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610
| | - Ky G Pohler
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station 77845
| | | | - Ricardo C Chebel
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
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BATRA KANISHT, NANDA TRILOK. In silico characterization of interferon-stimulated gene (ISG15) as a biomarker for early pregnancy diagnosis in Bubalus bubalis. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v89i3.88036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive management of livestock is the foremost requirement for increasing production from any dairy animal. High reproductive efficiency can be achieved by implementation of one of the crucial management practices which involves early differentiation of pregnant and non-pregnant animals. The early and precise pregnancy diagnosis is the major problem in Bubalus bubalis (buffalo) due to absence of estrous signs instead of normal cyclicity of reproductive organs. Therefore, in the present study, one of the conceptus derived protein interferon stimulated protein (15 kDa) released during 18 to 21 days after insemination in response to implantation of embryo was in silico characterized. The protein expressed by interferon-stimulated gene-15 (ISG15) was analyzed by isolation and sequencing of coding region of mRNA. The primary and secondary structures were predicted from the protein sequence to decipher the interaction of ISG15 protein with other molecules. The functional characterization identifies various motifs present in ISG15 protein which are responsible for its interaction with other proteins. Physiochemical properties predicted the ISG15 protein nature during in vitro conditions which are required for any of the assays development. In addition, immunogenic studies revealed ISG15 protein is strongly antigenic in nature and can be used for antibody production. In conclusion, ISG15 protein expression from buffalo is a good indicator of conceptus implantation and has suitable properties for being used as target to develop early pregnancy diagnostic kits.
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Niles AM, Fricke HP, Carvalho PD, Wiltbank MC, Hernandez LL, Fricke PM. Effect of treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin 7 days after artificial insemination or at the time of embryo transfer on reproductive outcomes in nulliparous Holstein heifers. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:2593-2606. [PMID: 30692012 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to assess the effect of treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 7 d after artificial insemination (AI) or at the time of in vitro-fertilized (IVF) embryo transfer on reproductive outcomes, including progesterone (P4), interferon-tau stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB), and pregnancies per AI (P/AI) or pregnancies per embryo transfer (P/ET), in nulliparous Holstein heifers. Heifers in experiment 1 were randomly assigned to receive no treatment (control; n = 129) or 2,000 IU of hCG 7 d after AI to a detected estrus (estrus = experimental d 0; hCG; n = 132). Heifers in experiment 2 were randomly assigned to receive no treatment (control; n = 143) or 2,000 IU of hCG (hCG; n = 148) at transfer of an IVF embryo 7 d after the last GnRH treatment of a 5-d controlled internal drug release-synch protocol (last GnRH = experimental d 0). Blood samples were collected from a subgroup of heifers (experiment 1, n = 82; experiment 2, n = 104) at d 7, 11, 18, 20, 25, 28, and 32, and blood samples from heifers diagnosed pregnant were collected on d 35, 39, 46, 53, 60, and 67. Blood samples were assayed for P4 by RIA and for PSPB by ELISA, and expression of ISG15 was assessed in mRNA isolated from blood leukocytes on d 18 and 20. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and logistic regression using the MIXED and GLIMMIX procedures. In both experiments, treatment with hCG increased P4 concentrations from d 11 to 32; however, treatment did not affect P/AI or P/ET at d 32 or 67, PSPB concentrations from d 11 to 67 of pregnancy, or relative ISG15 mRNA concentrations on d 18 or 20. Heifers diagnosed not pregnant at d 32 in experiment 2 with an extended luteal phase (>20 d) and treated with hCG had greater relative ISG15 mRNA concentrations on d 20 than control heifers. Treatment with hCG did not affect pregnancy loss in experiment 1, whereas heifers treated with hCG at the time of IVF embryo transfer had fewer pregnancy losses from d 32 to 67 than control heifers. We concluded that treatment with 2,000 IU of hCG 7 d after AI or at the time of embryo transfer increased P4 concentrations without affecting P/AI or P/ET in nulliparous Holstein heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Niles
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - H P Fricke
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - P D Carvalho
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - M C Wiltbank
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - L L Hernandez
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - P M Fricke
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706.
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Martins T, Sponchiado M, Ojeda-Rojas OA, Gonella-Diaza AM, Batista EOS, Cardoso BO, Rocha CC, Basso AC, Binelli M. Exacerbated conceptus signaling does not favor establishment of pregnancy in beef cattle. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018; 9:87. [PMID: 30555692 PMCID: PMC6284308 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-018-0302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insufficient production of anti-luteolytic signals by the pre-attachment embryo is considered a major cause of pregnancy failure in cattle. We tested the hypothesis that transfer of multiple blastocysts (n = 5/recipient) and progesterone (P4) supplementation amplify anti-luteolytic signaling and reduce embryonic losses in beef cattle. Cows detected in estrus (D0; n = 104) were assigned randomly to receive 150 mg of injectable long-acting P4 (iP4) or vehicle (non-iP4) on D4 and transcervical transfer of none or five, grade 1, not-frozen, in vitro-produced blastocysts, on D7. Luteal development and time of structural luteolysis were monitored by ultrasonography. Plasma P4 concentrations were determined on D4, D5 and D7, and daily between D14 and D20. Conceptus signaling was monitored by transcript abundance of interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated on D14, D16, D18 and D20. Early embryonic mortality (EEM) was defined as the absence of ISG15 mRNA upregulation over time and/or luteal regression up to D20. Late embryonic mortality (LEM) was defined as the absence of a conceptus with a heartbeat on pregnancy diagnosis at D30 (PD30) after observing upregulation of ISG15 mRNA and extension of luteal lifespan. Pregnant cows presented conceptuses with heartbeat at PD30. Results On D5, iP4-treated cows had P4 concentrations 2.07-fold greater than non-iP4 treated (P < 0.001). On D7, P4 concentrations were similar. Pregnant and LEM animals showed a progressive increase in the abundance of ISG15 from D14 to D20. iP4-treated cows detected pregnant at PD30 had 1.53-fold greater abundance of ISG15 mRNA between D14 and D20 than non-iP4 treated cows (P = 0.05). iP4 doubled the frequency of EEM while it did not affect LEM. At PD30, embryonic survival was 37.0% vs. 55.6% for iP4-treated vs. control cows. Majority of pregnant cows (71%) presented only a single viable embryo. Conclusions A substantial proportion of cows had EEM (31%) and LEM (20%) even after transferring multiple blastocysts. This argues that mortality was due to poor uterine receptivity that could not be reversed by supplemental P4 or overcome by transferring multiple blastocysts. Further, a given uterine environment was not necessarily adequate to all embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Martins
- 1Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Sponchiado
- 1Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - O A Ojeda-Rojas
- 2Department of Nutrition and Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A M Gonella-Diaza
- 1Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E O S Batista
- 1Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B O Cardoso
- 1Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C C Rocha
- 1Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C Basso
- In Vitro Brasil, Mogi Mirim, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Binelli
- 4Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Talukder AK, Rashid MB, Takedomi T, Moriyasu S, Imakawa K, Miyamoto A. Day-7 embryos generate an anti-inflammatory immune response in peripheral blood immune cells in superovulated cows. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 81:e13069. [PMID: 30376193 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Recently, we demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo that an immunological crosstalk between Day-7 embryo and immune cells exists locally in the uterus in cows. The peripheral immune response to early embryos at Day-7 of pregnancy in cows remains largely unknown. Thus, we aimed to investigate the response of peripheral blood immune cells in the presence of multiple Day-7 embryos in the uterus in donor cows of embryo transfer program. METHOD OF STUDY Superovulated cows were either inseminated (n = 13) at 12-18 hours post-estrus or remained without inseminations (n = 6). Blood was collected following insemination (Day-1) and immediately after uterine flushing (Day-7). Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood for analysis of gene expression. RESULTS Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs: ISG15 and OAS1) were increased in both PMNs and PBMCs, with up-regulation of PTGES and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGFB1 and IL10) expressions at Day-7 of post-inseminations in cows, when compared to those at Day-7 in non-inseminated cows. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that the presence of multiple embryos in the uterus generates an anti-inflammatory immune response in peripheral blood immune cells at Day-7 of pregnancy in cows, which might help to accept semi-allogenic embryo in the uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup K Talukder
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad B Rashid
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | | | - Satoru Moriyasu
- Animal Biotechnology Group, Animal Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Imakawa
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akio Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
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Sheikh AA, Hooda O, Kalyan A, Kamboj A, Mohammed S, Alhussien M, Reddi S, Shimray PG, Rautela A, Pandita S, Kapila S, De S, Dang A. Interferon-tau stimulated gene expression: A proxy to predict embryonic mortality in dairy cows. Theriogenology 2018; 120:61-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kunii H, Koyama K, Ito T, Suzuki T, Balboula AZ, Shirozu T, Bai H, Nagano M, Kawahara M, Takahashi M. Hot topic: Pregnancy-induced expression of interferon-stimulated genes in the cervical and vaginal mucosal membranes. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:8396-8400. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Recombinant interferon stimulated protein 15 (rISG15) as a molecular marker for detection of early pregnancy in Bubalus bubalis. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 197:106-116. [PMID: 30145042 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Early and accurate diagnosis of pregnancy in animals is important for improving the reproductive management of livestock. The buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is the most important dairy animal in India, but there are reproductive problems resulting from extended calving interval and ovulation occurring in the absence of behavioral estrus. The lack of simple methods for early pregnancy diagnosis intensifies these problems. The present study, therefore, was conducted to ascertain the role of the interferon-stimulated gene, (ISG), 15 in pregnancy detection. The anti-ISG15 Mab based ELISA was developed that could be used for detecting pregnancy at 18 to 20 days after artificial insemination (AI). The ISG15 protein was isolated from a pregnant buffalo and was amplified, and cloned in Escherichia coli by using coding region primers. The ISG15 gene was expressed in the host Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and the protocol was standardized for optimum gene expression. Using immortal hybridoma (fused myeloma and B cells) cells, a highly specific and sensitive antibody, anti-ISG15 mAb, for detecting ISG15 (protein) in the serum of pregnant buffaloes was obtained. A blocking ELISA was developed using the anti-ISG15 mAb to detect pregnancy in buffalo within 18 to 21 days after AI. The ISG15 gene was upregulated (P < 0.05) in pregnant buffalo at 18 to 21 days of pregnancy. This assay has an overall diagnostic accuracy of 75.0%. It, therefore, is concluded that recombinant ISG15 retains the potential for detecting pregnancy in B. bubalis and may have applications in ELISA kits for pregnancy detection in closely related species.
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Sakumoto R, Iga K, Hayashi KG, Fujii S, Kanahara H, Hosoe M, Furusawa T. Gene expression of CCL8 and CXCL10 in peripheral blood leukocytes during early pregnancy in cows. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018; 9:46. [PMID: 29946459 PMCID: PMC6008911 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-018-0263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate CCL8 and CXCL10 expression and its regulatory mechanism in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) at the time of maternal recognition in cows. Blood samples were collected on 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 d after artificial insemination (AI). Based on the day of return of estrus, cows were divided into three groups, pregnant (n = 5), early embryonic mortality (EEM; n = 5) and late embryonic mortality (LEM; n = 5). The gene expression levels in PBLs were assessed with quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR. Results The expression of CCL8 and CXCL10 mRNA in PBLs gradually increased from 14 to 18 d of pregnant cows and significant differences were observed on 18 d (P < 0.05), whereas no significant changes were observed both in EEM and LEM cows. Interferon-stimulated protein 15 kDa (ISG15), myxovirus-resistance gene (MX) 1 and MX2 mRNA expression in PBLs increased from 14 to 18 d which was significant on 18 d of pregnant cows as well as in LEM cows (P < 0.05), but no changes were observed in EEM cows. To determine whether the expression of CCL8 and CXCL10 in PBLs was regulated by pregnancy-related substances or not, expression level was assessed after exposure to interferon-τ (IFNT) and CCL16. Monocytes, granulocytes and lymphocytes were obtained using density-gradient centrifugation and flow cytometry. The addition of IFNT (100 ng/mL) and CCL16 (100 ng/mL) to cultured PBLs increased the expression of CCL8 and CXCL10 mRNA (P < 0.05). The expression of ISG15, MX1 and MX2 mRNA in PBLs was also stimulated by IFNT and CCL16 (P < 0.05). Conclusions The expression of CCL8 and CXCL10 genes increased in PBLs during early pregnancy. Since IFNT stimulated CCL8 and CXCL10 expression in cultured PBLs, the increase of CCL8 and CXCL10 might be pregnancy-dependent events. The expression of both CCL8 and CXCL10 in PBLs was stimulated by CCL16 as well as IFNT, suggesting a chemokine interaction that at least includes CCL8, CXCL10 and CCL16, and may play a role in regulating maternal recognition in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sakumoto
- 1Division of Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Ibaraki, 305-0901 Japan
| | - Kosuke Iga
- 2Division of Livestock and Forage Research, Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Morioka, 020-0198 Japan
| | - Ken-Go Hayashi
- 1Division of Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Ibaraki, 305-0901 Japan
| | - Shiori Fujii
- 1Division of Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Ibaraki, 305-0901 Japan
| | - Hiroko Kanahara
- 1Division of Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Ibaraki, 305-0901 Japan
| | - Misa Hosoe
- 3Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Ibaraki, 305-8602 Japan
| | - Tadashi Furusawa
- 3Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Ibaraki, 305-8602 Japan
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Alex R, Ramesha KP, Singh U, Kumar S, Alyethodi RR, Deb R, Sharma S, Sengar GS, Kumar A, Prakash B. Promoter variants of OAS1 gene are associated with reproductive performance and incidence of normal calving in cattle. Theriogenology 2018; 108:255-261. [PMID: 29258042 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) are important components of an interferon-mediated antiviral pathway. But no polymorphisms have yet been identified and associated with reproduction and reproduction traits in the bovine OAS1 gene. The objective of this study was to detect and evaluate the effects of mutations in the promoter region of bovine OAS1 gene with production and reproduction traits in cattle. Two single nuclear polymorphisms were identified, including A to T transversion (rs715937117:A>T) and A to G transition (rs480985443:A>G) and subsequently genotyped in Sahiwal and Frieswal populations. Three haplotypes were constructed including H1 (A-A), H2 (T-A) and H3 (T-G), among them H2 was the most abundant in the Sahiwal (0.677) and Frieswal (0.838) population. The analysis revealed that genotypes of promoter region had significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on age at first breeding, age at first calving, service period and pregnancy rate. The animals with H1H2 diplotype had higher age at first breeding and age at first calving compared to H2H2 genotyped animals. Further logistic regression analysis also revealed that the probability of normal calving was found more in H2H2 diplotype, as the odds ratios of H1H2 and H2H3 in comparison to H2H2 were 0.516 and 0.486, respectively. H2H2 diplotyped animals also exhibited higher milk production also in terms of total milk yield, 300 day milk yield and peak yield. These results outlined that the bovine OAS1 gene can be used as candidate genes for simultaneous improvement of both production and reproductive performance of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Alex
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - K P Ramesha
- Dairy Production, SRS, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Umesh Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rafeeque R Alyethodi
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajib Deb
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh Sengar
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - B Prakash
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Section, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road, P. O. Box 17, Meerut Cantt., Meerut 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Moraes JGN, Behura SK, Geary TW, Hansen PJ, Neibergs HL, Spencer TE. Uterine influences on conceptus development in fertility-classified animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1749-E1758. [PMID: 29432175 PMCID: PMC5828633 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721191115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A major unresolved issue is how the uterus influences infertility and subfertility in cattle. Serial embryo transfer was previously used to classify heifers as high-fertile (HF), subfertile (SF), or infertile (IF). To assess pregnancy loss, two in vivo-produced embryos were transferred into HF, SF, and IF heifers on day 7, and pregnancy outcome was assessed on day 17. Pregnancy rate was substantially higher in HF (71%) and SF (90%) than IF (20%) heifers. Elongating conceptuses were about twofold longer in HF than SF heifers. Transcriptional profiling detected relatively few differences in the endometrium of nonpregnant HF, SF, and IF heifers. In contrast, there was a substantial difference in the transcriptome response of the endometrium to pregnancy between HF and SF heifers. Considerable deficiencies in pregnancy-dependent biological pathways associated with extracellular matrix structure and organization as well as cell adhesion were found in the endometrium of SF animals. Distinct gene expression differences were also observed in conceptuses from HF and SF animals, with many of the genes decreased in SF conceptuses known to be embryonic lethal in mice due to defects in embryo and/or placental development. Analyses of biological pathways, key players, and ligand-receptor interactions based on transcriptome data divulged substantial evidence for dysregulation of conceptus-endometrial interactions in SF animals. These results support the ideas that the uterus impacts conceptus survival and programs conceptus development, and ripple effects of dysregulated conceptus-endometrial interactions elicit loss of the postelongation conceptus in SF cattle during the implantation period of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao G N Moraes
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Susanta K Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Thomas W Geary
- Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Miles City, MT 59301
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Holly L Neibergs
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211;
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A predictive threshold value for the diagnosis of early pregnancy in cows using interferon-stimulated genes in granulocytes. Theriogenology 2018; 107:188-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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TOJI N, KOSHI K, FURUSAWA T, TAKAHASHI T, ISHIGURO-OONUMA T, KIZAKI K, HASHIZUME K. A cell-based interferon-tau assay with an interferon-stimulated gene 15 promoter . Biomed Res 2018; 39:13-20. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.39.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki TOJI
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
- The United Graduate School of Vaterinary Sciences, Gifu University
| | - Katsuo KOSHI
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
| | - Tadashi FURUSAWA
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | - Toru TAKAHASHI
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
- The United Graduate School of Vaterinary Sciences, Gifu University
| | - Toshina ISHIGURO-OONUMA
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
- The United Graduate School of Vaterinary Sciences, Gifu University
| | - Keiichiro KIZAKI
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
- The United Graduate School of Vaterinary Sciences, Gifu University
| | - Kazuyoshi HASHIZUME
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
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Kubo T, Iga K, Fukuju N, Kizaki K, Osawa T, Izaike Y, Takahashi T. Different prostaglandin F2
α
secretion in response to oxytocin injection between pregnant and non-pregnant cows: effect of the day of oxytocin challenge test for determining the difference. Anim Sci J 2017; 89:332-339. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Kubo
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - Kosuke Iga
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center; National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO); Morioka Iwate Japan
| | - Naoki Fukuju
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center; National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO); Morioka Iwate Japan
| | - Keiichiro Kizaki
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture; Iwate University; Morioka Iwate Japan
| | - Takeshi Osawa
- Faculty of Agriculture; Miyazaki University; Miyazaki Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Izaike
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture; Iwate University; Morioka Iwate Japan
| | - Toru Takahashi
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture; Iwate University; Morioka Iwate Japan
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42
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Shorten PR, Ledgard AM, Donnison M, Pfeffer PL, McDonald RM, Berg DK. A mathematical model of the interaction between bovine blastocyst developmental stage and progesterone-stimulated uterine factors on differential embryonic development observed on Day 15 of gestation. J Dairy Sci 2017; 101:736-751. [PMID: 29103729 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A complex interaction between the developing bovine embryo and the growth potential of the uterine milieu it inhabits results in an embryo capable of developing past the maternal recognition stage and on to a successful pregnancy. Previously, we observed variation in the lengths of embryos recovered 8 d after bulk transfer of Day 7 in vitro-produced (IVP) blastocysts into the same uterus. Potential causes of the differential embryonic growth were examined and modeled using 2 rounds of bulk (n = 4-6) IVP transfers and recovery of these embryos 8 d later. Morphological and gene expression measurements of the embryos were determined and the progesterone concentration of the cows was measured throughout the reproductive cycle as a reflection of the status of the uterine environment. These data were used to develop and evaluate a model that describes the interaction between the uterine environment and the growth rate of the developing embryo. Expression of 6 trophectoderm genes (IFNT, TKDP1, PAG11, PTGS2, DKK1, and PDPN) was correlated with conceptus length. The model determined that if the embryo develops to blastocyst stage, the uterine environment, driven by progesterone, is a more important component than blastocyst size in the stimulation of embryonic growth rate to ensure adequate interferon tau (IFNT) for pregnancy recognition. We detected an effect of Day 7 progesterone on the expression of all 6 genes, embryonic disc size, and trophectoderm length on Day 15. We also found effects of embryo transfer size on trophectoderm length and expression of IFNT and PAG11 on Day 15. Lower energy balance over the period from transfer to recovery was associated with reduced embryo growth to Day 15, and this effect was independent of progesterone. Energy balance also affected expression of PDPN and TKDP1 on Day 15. We observed an effect of energy balance from transfer to recovery on embryo survival in cows with partial embryo losses, where embryo factors dominate embryo survival, with cows with greater energy balance having lower embryo losses. This effect was independent of energy balance 40 d before transfer and suggests that energy balance has direct, immediate effects on the embryo and maternal environment during this period. Furthermore, energy balance effects on embryo survival in cows with partial embryo losses were largely mediated by expression of TKDP1, PAG11, and PDPN. These results provide candidate signaling pathways for the effect of progesterone and energy balance on embryo growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Shorten
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
| | - Anita M Ledgard
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Martyn Donnison
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Peter L Pfeffer
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Robin M McDonald
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Debra K Berg
- AgResearch Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
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43
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Forde N, Lonergan P. Interferon-tau and fertility in ruminants. Reproduction 2017; 154:F33-F43. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Establishment of pregnancy in domestic ruminants includes pregnancy recognition signalling by the conceptus, implantation and placentation. Despite the high fertilisation success rate in ruminants, a significant amount of embryo loss occurs, primarily during early gestation. Interferon-tau (IFNT), a type I interferon that is exclusively secreted by the cells of the trophectoderm of the ruminant conceptus, has been recognised as the primary agent for maternal recognition of pregnancy in ruminants. It produces its antiluteolytic effect on the corpus luteum by inhibiting the expression of oxytocin receptors in the uterine epithelial cells, which prevents pulsatile, luteolytic secretion of prostaglandin F2α by the uterine endometrium. While the importance of IFNT in maternal recognition of pregnancy and prevention of luteolysis in ruminants is unequivocal, important questions, for example, relating to the threshold level of IFNT required for pregnancy maintenance, remain unanswered. This paper reviews data linking IFNT with measures of fertility in ruminants.
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44
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Hansen TR, Sinedino LDP, Spencer TE. Paracrine and endocrine actions of interferon tau (IFNT). Reproduction 2017; 154:F45-F59. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the paracrine and endocrine actions of interferon tau (IFNT) during pregnancy recognition and establishment in ruminants. Pregnancy recognition involves the suppression of the endometrial luteolytic mechanism by the conceptus to maintain progesterone production by the corpus luteum (CL). The paracrine antiluteolytic effects of conceptus-derived IFNT inhibit upregulation of oxytocin receptors in the endometrial epithelia of the uterus, thereby preventing the production of luteolytic prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) pulses. In the endometrium, IFNT induces or upregulates a large number of classical IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and regulates expression of many other genes in a cell-specific manner that are likely important for conceptus elongation, implantation and establishment of pregnancy. Further, IFNT has endocrine effects on extrauterine cells and tissues. In sheep, IFNT induces luteal resistance to PGF2α, thereby ensuring survival of the CL for maintenance of pregnancy. The ISGs induced in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells by IFNT may also be useful as an indicator of pregnancy status in cattle. An increased knowledge of IFNT and ISGs is important to improve the reproductive efficiency in ruminants.
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45
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Toji N, Shigeno S, Kizaki K, Koshi K, Matsuda H, Hashiyada Y, Imai K, Takahashi T, Ishiguro-Oonuma T, Hashizume K. Evaluation of interferon-stimulated genes in peripheral blood granulocytes as sensitive responders to bovine early conceptus signals. Vet J 2017; 229:37-44. [PMID: 29183572 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of gestation is important in the bovine industry. New methods have been developed to detect gene expression in leucocytes induced by interferon-tau (IFNT) as gestation biomarkers. However, it is debatable which blood cell is suitable for detecting gene expression. This study was aimed at confirming whether granulocytes respond to IFNT specifically. Granulocytes and mononuclear cells (MNCs) from cows, and several types of bovine cultured cells, were treated with recombinant (r) IFNT and gene expression was analysed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and microarray analysis. Expression levels of IFN receptors (R1 and R2) were approximately 30- to 900-fold higher in granulocytes than in other cultured cells, and 1.5- to 2.5-fold higher in MNCs than in granulocytes. Microarray analysis following a 2h recombinant IFNT (rIFNT) treatment revealed expression changes for 900 genes in granulocytes. Genes with expression changes included known IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs; ISG15, OAS1, MX1, and MX2). Eighteen genes were selected following granulocyte microarray analysis and their expression changes were confirmed in early gestation, which revealed that nine genes had significantly higher expression levels in pregnant than in non-pregnant animals. In conclusion, granulocytes specifically responded to rIFNT treatment and the resulting gene expression changes correlated with those in vivo. Microarray analysis indicated that various genes showed expression changes in rIFNT-treated granulocytes, which may result in the identification of alternate candidate genes for the early detection of gestation. These results strongly indicate that gene expression in granulocytes is a suitable tool to determine pregnancy status.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Toji
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1112, Japan
| | - S Shigeno
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - K Kizaki
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1112, Japan
| | - K Koshi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - H Matsuda
- National Livestock Breeding Centre, 1 Odakurahara, Nishigo, Fukushima 961-8511, Japan
| | - Y Hashiyada
- National Livestock Breeding Centre, 1 Odakurahara, Nishigo, Fukushima 961-8511, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1112, Japan
| | - T Ishiguro-Oonuma
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1112, Japan
| | - K Hashizume
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
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46
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Basavaraja R, Przygrodzka E, Pawlinski B, Gajewski Z, Kaczmarek MM, Meidan R. Interferon-tau promotes luteal endothelial cell survival and inhibits specific luteolytic genes in bovine corpus luteum. Reproduction 2017; 154:559-568. [PMID: 28808111 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Interferon-tau (IFNT), a maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) signals in domestic ruminants, suppresses the release of luteolytic pulses of uterine prostaglandin F2a (PGF2a), thus extending the corpus luteum (CL) life span. We hypothesized that IFNT also exerts anti-luteolytic actions in bovine CL. To examine the direct effects of IFNT on bovine CL, luteal slices and enriched luteal endothelial cells (LECs) were utilized. We found that recombinant ovine IFNT (roIFNT) markedly elevates interferon-associated genes (STAT1, STAT2 and IRF9) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs: MX2, ISG15 and OAS1Y) in both models. Furthermore, IFNT time-dependently induced STAT1 phosphorylation in LECs without affecting total STAT1. roIFNT-stimulated viable LECs numbers and the knockdown of protein inhibitor of activated STAT1 (PIAS1) abolished this effect, suggesting that PIAS1 may mediate the proliferative effect of IFNT. IFNT significantly downregulated luteolytic genes such as TGFB1, thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), endothelin-1 (EDN1) and serpin family E member-1 (SERPINE1) in LECs. However, less robust effects were observed in luteal slices. Moreover, PGF2a alone induced THBS1, SERPINE1 and EDN1 mRNA in CL slices whereas in the presence of IFNT, THBS1 and SERPINE1 stimulation was abolished. Collectively, these results indicate that IFNT acts via STAT1- IRF9-dependent and independent pathways and affects diverse luteal functions. Most interestingly, this study suggests the existence of an anti-luteolytic effect of IFNT in bovine CL, namely, inhibiting key PGF2a-induced luteolytic genes. The proliferative effect of IFNT may constitute an additional mechanism that promotes luteal cell survival, thus, extending the luteal life span during early pregnancy in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Basavaraja
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Emilia Przygrodzka
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bartosz Pawlinski
- Department for Large Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zdzislaw Gajewski
- Department for Large Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika M Kaczmarek
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.,Department for Large Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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47
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Sinedino LDP, Honda PM, Souza LRL, Lock AL, Boland MP, Staples CR, Thatcher WW, Santos JEP. Effects of supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid on reproduction of dairy cows. Reproduction 2017; 153:707-723. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to determine the effects of supplementing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich algae on reproduction of dairy cows. Holstein cows were assigned randomly to either a control (n = 373) or the same diet supplemented daily with 100 g/cow of an algae product containing 10% DHA (algae, n = 366) from 27 to 147 days postpartum. Measurements included yields of milk and milk components, fatty acids (FA) profiles in milk fat and plasma phospholipids, resumption of ovulation by 57 days postpartum, pregnancy per artificial insemination (AI) and expression of interferon-stimulated genes in leukocytes. Feeding algae increased resumption of estrous cyclicity (77.6 vs 65.9%) and pregnancy at first AI (47.6 vs 32.8%) in primiparous cows. Algae increased pregnancy per AI in all AI in both primiparous and multiparous cows (41.6 vs 30.7%), which reduced days to pregnancy by 22 days (102 vs 124 days) compared with control cows. Pregnant cows fed algae had greater expression of RTP4 in blood leukocytes compared with those in pregnant control cows. Feeding algae increased the incorporation of DHA, eicosapentaenoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid isomers cis-9 trans-11, trans-10 cis-12 and total n-3 FA in phospholipids in plasma and milk fat. Yields of milk and true protein increased by 1.1 kg/day and 30 g/day respectively, whereas fat yield decreased 40 g/day in algae compared with that in control. Supplementing DHA-rich algae altered the FA composition of lipid fractions and improved reproduction in dairy cows. The benefits on reproduction might be mediated by enhanced embryo development based on changes in interferon-stimulated gene expression.
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48
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Carvalho P, Consentini C, Weaver S, Barleta R, Hernandez L, Fricke P. Temporarily decreasing progesterone after timed artificial insemination decreased expression of interferon-tau stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) in blood leukocytes, serum pregnancy-specific protein B concentrations, and embryo size in lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:3233-3242. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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49
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Sandra O, Charpigny G, Galio L, Hue I. Preattachment Embryos of Domestic Animals: Insights into Development and Paracrine Secretions. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2016; 5:205-228. [PMID: 27959670 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-022516-022900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian species, endometrial receptivity is driven by maternal factors independently of embryo signals. When pregnancy initiates, paracrine secretions of the preattachment embryo are essential both for maternal recognition and endometrium preparation for implantation and for coordinating development of embryonic and extraembryonic tissues of the conceptus. This review mainly focuses on domestic large animal species. We first illustrate the major steps of preattachment embryo development, including elongation in bovine, ovine, porcine, and equine species. We next highlight conceptus secretions that are involved in the communication between extraembryonic and embryonic tissues, as well as between the conceptus and the endometrium. Finally, we introduce experimental data demonstrating the intimate connection between conceptus secretions and endometrial activity and how adverse events perturbing this interplay may affect the progression of implantation that will subsequently impact pregnancy outcome, postnatal health, and expression of production traits in livestock offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Sandra
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France; , , ,
| | - Gilles Charpigny
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France; , , ,
| | - Laurent Galio
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France; , , ,
| | - Isabelle Hue
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France; , , ,
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50
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Soumya NP, Das DN, Jeyakumar S, Mondal S, Mor A, Mundhe UT. Differential expression of ISG 15 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of nulliparous and multiparous pregnant versus non-pregnant Bos indicus cattle. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52:97-106. [PMID: 27766692 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic mortality is found to be the main source of reproductive wastage in domestic ruminants. Many genes are involved in the growth and development of the embryo, and the interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG 15) is one of the major gene stimulated by interferon tau, the maternal recognition of pregnancy signal in ruminants. In this study, both genomic and cDNA sequences of ISG 15 from Bos indicus (Deoni breed) were amplified and characterized. The genomic sequence of Deoni ISG 15 exhibited 99% identity with Bos taurus and 97% identity with that of Bos mutus and Bubalus bubalis. Moreover qRT-PCR analysis revealed constitutive expression of the ISG 15 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Deoni heifers and multiparous cows during early pregnancy. Fourteen Deoni heifers and fifteen multiparous Deoni cows were synchronized for timed AI by CIDR-Ovsynch protocol, and six animals were kept as cyclic control in each group. Blood samples were collected on days 7, 14, 16, 18, 21, 30 and 45 from the day of AI. Pregnancy was confirmed by plasma progesterone level through ELISA. A significantly higher expression of ISG 15 mRNA was found on day 16 (p < .05) and day 18 (p < .05) of pregnancy in nulliparous heifers. Although in multiparous Deoni cows ISG 15 expression was greater in pregnant cows, difference was statistically non-significant. The result of this study indicates that ISG 15 gene expression is upregulated during 16-18 days of pregnancy and could be used as an early pregnancy marker in dairy cows especially in heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Soumya
- Genetics Lab, Dairy Production Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Southern Regional Station, Bengaluru, India
| | - D N Das
- Genetics Lab, Dairy Production Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Southern Regional Station, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Jeyakumar
- Livestock Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Southern Regional Station, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - A Mor
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - U T Mundhe
- Genetics Lab, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
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