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Mao Y, Yang Y, Sun C, Zou Y, Zhang Y, Wu B, Li C, Huang J, Zhang W, Wang J. Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells promote endometrium regeneration in a rat model of intrauterine adhesion. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:75-85. [PMID: 36317446 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic transplantation has been proposed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs). Human amniotic mesenchymal stem stromal cells (hAMSCs) can differentiate into multiple tissue types. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which hAMSCs transplantation promotes endometrial regeneration. The rat models with IUA were established through mechanical and infective methods, and PKH26-labeled hAMSCs were transplanted through the tail vein (combined with/without estrogen). Under three different conditions, hAMSCs differentiated into endometrium-like cells. HE and Mason staining assays, and immunohistochemistry were used to compare the changes in rat models treated with hAMSCs and/or estrogen transplantation. To define the induction of hAMSCs to endometrium-like cells in vitro, an induction medium (cytokines, estrogen) was used to investigate the differentiation of hAMSCs into endometrium-like cells. qRT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting were performed to detect the differentiation of hAMSCs into endometrium-like cells. A greater number of glands, fewer endometrial fibrotic areas, and stronger expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and cytokeratin in the combined group (hAMSCs transplantation combined with estrogen) than in the other treatment groups were observed. hAMSCs could be induced into endometrium-like cells by cytokine treatment (TGF-β1, EGF, and PDGF-BB). Transplantation of hAMSCs is an effective alternative for endometrial regeneration after injury in rats. The differentiation protocol for hAMSCs will be useful for further studies on human endometrial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiading Maternal Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Congcong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulong Zou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingfeng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Benyuan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinglin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Tatebayashi R, Nakamura S, Minabe S, Furusawa T, Abe R, Kajisa M, Morita Y, Ohkura S, Kimura K, Matsuyama S. Gene-expression profile and postpartum transition of bovine endometrial side population cells†. Biol Reprod 2021; 104:850-860. [PMID: 33438005 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of bovine endometrial regeneration after parturition remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that bovine endometrial stem/progenitor cells participate in the postpartum regeneration of the endometrium. Flow cytometry analysis identified the presence of side population (SP) cells among endometrial stromal cells. Endometrial SP cells were shown to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. RNA-seq data showed that the gene expression pattern was different between bovine endometrial SP cells and main population cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis identified the enrichment of stemness genes in SP cells. Significantly (false discovery rate < 0.01) upregulated genes in SP cells contained several stem cell marker genes. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the upregulated genes in SP cells showed enrichment of terms related to RNA metabolic process and transcription. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of upregulated genes in SP cells revealed enrichment of signaling pathways associated with maintenance and differentiation of stem/progenitor cells. The terms involved in TCA cycles were enriched in GO and KEGG pathway analysis of downregulated genes in SP cells. These results support the assumption that bovine endometrial SP cells exhibit characteristics of somatic stem/progenitor cells. The ratio of SP cells to endometrial cells was lowest on days 9-11 after parturition, which gradually increased thereafter. SP cells were shown to differentiate into epithelial cells. Collectively, these results suggest that bovine endometrial SP cells were temporarily reduced immediately after calving possibly due to their differentiation to provide new endometrial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoki Tatebayashi
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sho Nakamura
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shiori Minabe
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Furusawa
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryoya Abe
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Miki Kajisa
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morita
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan.,Asian Satellite Campuses Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohkura
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koji Kimura
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
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3
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Casals JB, Pieri NCG, Roballo KCS, Bressan FF, Favaron PO, Martins DDS, Ambrósio CE. Pluripotent stem cells proliferation is associated with placentation in dogs. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20200040. [PMID: 33029216 PMCID: PMC7534554 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells have been studied as source of cells for regenerative medicine and acquire or genetic diseases, as an innovative therapy. Most tissues have stem cells populations, however in few quantities or impossible to be used during adult life, which lead to scientists look for new sources. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the presence of pluripotent cells in the uterus and placenta, following up non-pregnant, pregnant (begin, middle, and final), and postpartum periods in dogs. The uteri were obtained from social castration programs for population control in Pirassununga, Sao Paulo, Brazil. It was collected 20 uteri at different stages. The samples were fixed and processed for immunohistochemical analysis of NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2 expression, knowing as pluripotent stem cells makers. Our results showed positive expression for NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2 in all stages of gestation and nonpregnant uterus; however, we highlight some quantitative different between stages. OCT4 showed more expression in non-pregnant uterus than NANOG and SOX2, and its expression increased in pregnant uterus. In pregnant uterus there was more expression of NANOG than OCT4 and SOX2. Interesting, no difference was found between these markers in the other periods. In conclusion, it was possible to identify pluripotent stem cells in all periods in dog placenta and uterus, however during the early stage of pregnancy we observed more pluripotent stem cells than in all the others periods confirming the high plasticity and regeneration capacity of the uterine tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Barbosa Casals
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Kelly Cristine Santos Roballo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Phelipe Oliveira Favaron
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniele Dos Santos Martins
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Ambrósio
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
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4
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Endometrial Stem Cell Markers: Current Concepts and Unresolved Questions. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103240. [PMID: 30347708 PMCID: PMC6214006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human endometrium is a highly regenerative organ undergoing over 400 cycles of shedding and regeneration over a woman’s lifetime. Menstrual shedding and the subsequent repair of the functional layer of the endometrium is a process unique to humans and higher-order primates. This massive regenerative capacity is thought to have a stem cell basis, with human endometrial stromal stem cells having already been extensively studied. Studies on endometrial epithelial stem cells are sparse, and the current belief is that the endometrial epithelial stem cells reside in the terminal ends of the basalis glands at the endometrial/myometrial interface. Since almost all endometrial pathologies are thought to originate from aberrations in stem cells that regularly regenerate the functionalis layer, expansion of our current understanding of stem cells is necessary in order for curative treatment strategies to be developed. This review critically appraises the postulated markers in order to identify endometrial stem cells. It also examines the current evidence supporting the existence of epithelial stem cells in the human endometrium that are likely to be involved both in glandular regeneration and in the pathogenesis of endometrial proliferative diseases such as endometriosis and endometrial cancer.
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5
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Lin TC, Wang KH, Kao AP, Chuang KH, Kuo TC. Pueraria mirifica inhibits 17β-estradiol-induced cell proliferation of human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 56:765-769. [PMID: 29241917 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The notion that the human endometrium may contain a population of stem cells has recently been proposed. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the endometrium are believed to be responsible for the remarkable regenerative ability of endometrial cells. Estrogens influence the physiological and pathological processes of several hormone-dependent tissues, such as the endometrium. Pueraria mirifica (PM) is a herbal plant that contains several phytoestrogens, including isoflavones, lignans, and coumestans, and is known to exert an estrogenic effect on animal models. The present study investigated the effects of PM on the proliferation of human endometrial MSCs (hEN-MSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The hEN-MSCs were isolated from human endometrial tissue. The surface markers of these hEN-MSCs were identified through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. The proliferation potential of hEN-MSCs was measured through a cell proliferation assay. Multilineage differentiation ability was confirmed through Oil red O and von Kossa staining. RESULTS This study demonstrated that 17β-estradiol-responsive MSCs with Oct-4, CD90, and CD105 gene expression can be derived from the human endometrium and that PM exerts biological effects on hEN-MSCs, specifically, enhanced cell growth rate, through the estrogen receptor. Furthermore, PM at 1500 and 2000 μg/mL significantly increased cell proliferation compared with the vehicle control, and PM concentration at 1000 μg/mL significantly inhibited the enhanced cell growth rate induced by 17β-estradiol in hEN-MSCs. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into the possible biological effects of PM on the proliferation of hEN-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chin Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hung Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - An-Pei Kao
- Stemforce Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsiang Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Cheng Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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6
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Liu L, Huang X, Xia E, Zhang X, Li TC, Liu Y. A cohort study comparing 4 mg and 10 mg daily doses of postoperative oestradiol therapy to prevent adhesion reformation after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis. HUM FERTIL 2018; 22:191-197. [PMID: 29504823 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2018.1444798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in a national training centre for hysteroscopy between January 2012 and December 2014 to compare the clinical outcome of two doses of oestradiol valerate (4 mg and 10 mg daily) in the prevention of recurrence of adhesions after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis. A total of 176 women who suffered from Asherman syndrome with moderate to severe intrauterine adhesions were included: 91 subjects received a 10 mg daily dose of oestradiol and 85 subjects received a 4 mg daily dose of oestradiol in the postoperative period. Second look hysteroscopy was performed 4-6 weeks after the initial surgery. There was no difference in age and preoperative American Fertility Society (AFS) adhesion score between the two groups. The proportion of women in whom menstruation had returned to normal in the 10 mg group (49/91 = 53.8%) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of subjects in the 4 mg group (35/85 = 41.2%). However, there was no difference in AFS scores at second look hysteroscopy between the two groups or in the conception rate and miscarriage rate between the two groups. The findings do not support the use of high-dose postoperative oestrogen therapy following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Liu
- a Hysteroscopic Centre, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaowu Huang
- a Hysteroscopic Centre, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Enlan Xia
- a Hysteroscopic Centre, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- a Hysteroscopic Centre, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Tin-Chiu Li
- a Hysteroscopic Centre, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- a Hysteroscopic Centre, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
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Liu SM, Zhou YZ, Wang HB, Sun ZY, Zhen JR, Shen K, Deng CY, Lang JH. Factors Associated with Effectiveness of Treatment and Reproductive Outcomes in Patients with Thin Endometrium Undergoing Estrogen Treatment. Chin Med J (Engl) 2016; 128:3173-7. [PMID: 26612292 PMCID: PMC4794872 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.170258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Thin endometrium is associated with poor reproductive outcomes; estrogen treatment can increase endometrial thickness (EMT). The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the factors influencing the effectiveness of estrogen treatment and reproductive outcomes after the treatment in patients with thin endometrium. Methods: Relevant clinical data of 101 patients with thin endometrium who had undergone estrogen treatment were collected. Possible factors influencing the effectiveness of treatment were analyzed retrospectively by logistic regression analysis. Eighty-seven infertile women without thin endometrium who had undergone assisted reproduction served as controls. The cases and controls were matched for age, assisted reproduction method, and number of embryos transferred. Reproductive outcomes of study and control groups were compared using Student's t-test and the Chi-square test. Results: At the end of estrogen treatment, EMT was ≥8 mm in 93/101 patients (92.1%). Effectiveness of treatment was significantly associated with maximal pretreatment EMT (P = 0.017) and treatment duration (P = 0.004). The outcomes of assisted reproduction were similar in patients whose treatment was successful in increasing EMT to ≥8 mm and the control group. The rate of clinical pregnancy in patients was associated with the number of good-quality embryos transferred in both fresh (P = 0.005) and frozen-thawed (P = 0.000) embryo transfer cycles. Conclusions: Thinner EMT before estrogen treatment requires longer treatment duration and predicts poorer treatment outcomes. The effectiveness of treatment depends on the duration of estrogen administration. Assisted reproductive outcomes of patients whose treatment is successful (i.e., achieves an EMT ≥8 mm) are similar to those of controls. The quality of embryos transferred is an important predictor of assisted reproductive outcomes in patients treated successfully with exogenous estrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cheng-Yan Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Qi B, Shimizu Y, Nakanishi J, Winnik FM. Estradiol-tethered micropatterned surfaces for the study of estrogenic non-genomic pathways. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10056-9. [PMID: 27451960 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Besides its well-known hormonal effects initiated in the nucleus, estradiol (E2) also activates non-nuclear pathways through interactions with receptors located on the cell plasma membrane. Micropatterned substrates consisting of gold dots bearing tethered E2 distributed on a cell-adhesive substrate were prepared and shown to trigger specifically E2 non-genomic effects in cells grown on the substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Qi
- Faculté de Pharmacie and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succursale Center Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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9
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Bukowska J, Ziecik AJ, Laguna J, Gawronska-Kozak B, Bodek G. The Importance of the Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway in the Porcine Endometrial Stromal Stem/Progenitor Cells: Implications for Regeneration. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2873-85. [PMID: 26414529 PMCID: PMC4683563 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The regenerative ability of the endometrium is strongly associated with the presence of adult stem/progenitor cells. Purposes of the present study were (1) to establish the presence of stem/progenitor cells in porcine endometrial stroma using a clonogenic assay and (2) to investigate whether the canonical Wnt pathway affects the potential of stem/progenitor cells to undergo self-renewal or differentiation. The utility of endometrial stromal clones as a model for stem/progenitor studies was evaluated based on these cells' increased expression of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) marker genes, including CD29, CD73, CD90, and CD105, compared with primary cultured cells. Small molecules were introduced to activate (BIO) or inhibit (XAV939) the canonical Wnt pathway during stromal clone formation. Cloning efficiency assays revealed that activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway promoted formation of more differentiated small clones. Moreover, activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway decreased, whereas inhibition of the pathway increased MSC marker expression. Additionally, we confirmed the importance of canonical Wnt pathway stimulation in endometrial stromal cells through observing the appropriate changes in β-catenin cellular localization. These data indicate that modulation of the canonical Wnt pathway effects the process of regeneration in the porcine endometrium during the course of the estrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bukowska
- In Vitro and Cell Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Adam Janusz Ziecik
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Laguna
- In Vitro and Cell Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Gawronska-Kozak
- Department of Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Gabriel Bodek
- In Vitro and Cell Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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10
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Łupicka M, Socha B, Szczepańska A, Korzekwa A. Expression of pluripotency markers in the bovine uterus with adenomyosis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:110. [PMID: 26416515 PMCID: PMC4587725 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenomyosis is a proliferative uterine dysfunction with unknown aetiology. One possible mechanism of its development involves disturbances in stem cell differentiation in uterine tissue. Previously, we identified pluripotent/multipotent cells in the bovine uterus, therefore our present study focused on determining expression of pluripotency markers, NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2, in bovine adenomyotic tissues and cells. FINDINGS Immunolocalisation revealed protein expression of NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2 in both normal and adenomyotic uteri. mRNA expression for NANOG and OCT4 was increased in tissues obtained from uteri with adenomyosis compared to controls, but at the protein level there were no significant differences. mRNA expression for all three pluripotency markers was higher in myometrial cells isolated from uteri with adenomyotic lesions than in those isolated from normal uteri. The protein level of NANOG and SOX2 was decreased in stromal cells from adenomyotic tissues, whereas the level of OCT4 and SOX2 was increased in myometrial cells obtained from dysfunctional uteri. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate significant changes in expression of pluripotency markers in adenomyotic compared to normal uteri, which suggest the involvement of uterine stem cells in adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Łupicka
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Barbara Socha
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Agata Szczepańska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Korzekwa
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
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11
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Masuda H, Maruyama T, Gargett CE, Miyazaki K, Matsuzaki Y, Okano H, Tanaka M. Endometrial side population cells: potential adult stem/progenitor cells in endometrium. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:84. [PMID: 26316062 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.131490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine endometrium is one of the most important organs for species preservation. However, the physiology of human endometrium remains poorly understood, because the human endometrium undergoes rapid and large changes during each menstrual cycle and it is very difficult to investigate human endometrium as one organ. This remarkable regenerative capacity of human endometrium strongly suggests the existence of adult stem cells, and physiology of endometrium cannot be explained without adult stem cells. Therefore, investigating endometrial stem/progenitor cells should lead to a breakthrough in understanding the normal endometrial physiology and the pathophysiology of endometrial neoplastic disorders, such as endometriosis and endometrial cancer. Several cell populations have been discovered as putative endometrial stem/progenitor cells. Emerging evidence reveals that the endometrial side population (SP) is one of the potential endometrial stem/progenitor populations. Of all the endometrial stem/progenitor cell candidates, the endometrial SP (ESP) is best investigated in vitro and in vivo, and has the largest number of references. In this review, we provide an overview of the accumulating evidence for the ESP cells, both directly from human endometria and from cultured endometrial cells. Furthermore, SP cells are compared to other potential stem/progenitor cells, and we discuss their stem cell properties. We also discuss the difficulties and unsolved issues in endometrial stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Maruyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Caroline E Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Monash Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kaoru Miyazaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuzaki
- Department of Life Science Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Łupicka M, Bodek G, Shpigel N, Elnekave E, Korzekwa AJ. Identification of pluripotent cells in bovine uterus: in situ and in vitro studies. Reproduction 2015; 149:317-27. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify uterine pluripotent cells both in bovine uterine tissues as well in epithelial, stromal, and myometrial uterine cell populations. Moreover, the relationship of pluripotent markers expression with age and the uterine horn side was considered. Uterine tissue was collected from ipsilateral and contralateral horns (days 8–10 of the estrous cycle). Immunohistostaining for C-KIT, OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2 in uterine tissue was determined. mRNA expression of C-KIT, OCT3/4, NANOG and SOX2 was evaluated in uterine tissue relative to the age of the cow and uterine horn side. Gene and protein expression of these markers in the uterine luminal epithelial, stromal, and myometrial cells was evaluated by real-time PCR and western blotting respectively. The expression of pluripotent cell markers OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2 was identified by flow cytometry assay in epithelial, stromal, and myometrial cells. Multilineage differentiation of the bovine uterine cells was performed. mRNA expression of OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2 in uterine tissue was higher in the ipsilateral horn than in the contralateral horn. Flow cytometry assay revealed positive fluorescence for OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2 in all uterine cell types. Results showed the age-dependent expression of pluripotent markers in uterine tissue. Beside, the different expression of pluripotent cells in each horn of uterus suggests the influence of ovarian hormones on these characteristics. The highest mRNA and protein expression for pluripotent markers was observed in stromal cells among uterine cells, which indicates this population of cells as the main site of pluripotent cells in the cow uterus.
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Bachelard E, Raucci F, Montillet G, Pain B. Identification of side population cells in chicken embryonic gonads. Theriogenology 2014; 83:377-84. [PMID: 25447150 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The side population (SP) phenotype, defined by the ability of a cell to efflux fluorescent dyes such as Hoechst, is common to several stem/progenitor cell types. In avian species, SP phenotype has been identified in pubertal and adult testes, but nothing is known about its expression during prenatal development of a male gonad. In this study, we characterized the Hoechst SP phenotype via the cytofluorimetric analysis of disaggregated testes on different days of chicken embryonic development. Male prenatal gonads contained a fraction of SP cells at each stage analyzed. At least two main SP fractions, named P3 and P4, were identified. The percentage of P3 fraction decreased as development proceeds, whereas P4 cell number was not affected by gonad growth. Functional inhibition of BCRP1 channel membrane using Verapamil and/or Ko143 showed that P3, but not P4 phenotype, was dependent on BCRP1 activity. Molecular analysis of both P3- and P4-sorted fractions revealed a differential RNA expression pattern, indicating that P3 cells mainly contained germinal stem cell markers, whereas P4 was preferentially composed of both Sertoli and Leydig cell progenitor markers. Finally, these findings provided evidence that the SP phenotype is a common feature of both germ and somatic cells detected in chicken developing testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Bachelard
- INSERM, U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France; INRA, USC1361, Bron, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR S 846, Lyon, France
| | - Franca Raucci
- INSERM, U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France; INRA, USC1361, Bron, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR S 846, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Montillet
- INSERM, U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France; INRA, USC1361, Bron, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR S 846, Lyon, France
| | - Bertrand Pain
- INSERM, U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France; INRA, USC1361, Bron, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR S 846, Lyon, France.
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Lichtenauer U, Shapiro I, Sackmann S, Drouin J, Scheele J, Maneck M, Klein C, Beuschlein F. The side population phenomenon enriches for designated adrenocortical progenitor cells in mice. J Endocrinol 2012; 215:383-91. [PMID: 23042945 DOI: 10.1530/joe-12-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Somatic adrenal stem cells are believed to reside in the periphery of the adrenal cortex throughout life for organ maintenance. Herein, we used the side population (SP) phenomenon to enrich for these progenitors, which made up to 0.01-0.64% of the total cell count. Microarray analysis revealed an expression profile of SP cells, which clearly differed from that of non-SP cells. However, a promising adrenal specific stem cell marker could not be identified. In vitro, SP cells could be maintained in long-term culture, whereas non-SP cells did not proliferate. After 4 weeks of culturing, immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of steroidogenic enzymes such as 3β-HSD, StAR, and P450SCC, suggesting spontaneous differentiation. Interestingly, the quantity of SP cells was significantly diminished in Pbx1 haploinsufficient mice, suggesting a stem cell deficit. By contrast, the subcapsular zone of ACTH-deficient Tpit(-/-) mice was significantly wider compared with wild-type adrenals (Tpit(-/-) 259±10.7 vs Tpit(+/-) 100±12.3%; P<0.01). Accordingly, the number of SP cells in these mice was significantly higher (Tpit(-/-) 0.45±0.16 vs Tpit(+/-) 0.13±0.04%; P<0.004). ACTH treatment of these animals reverted the subcapsular zone width and the SP fraction back to normal (130±10.2%; P=0.33 and 0.09%), providing indirect evidence for a stem cell 'arrest' in Tpit(-/-) mice and the role of ACTH in adrenocortical stem cell modulation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Lichtenauer
- Endocrine Research Unit, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, D-80336 Munich, Germany
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Abstract
The functional layer of the human endometrium is a highly regenerative tissue undergoing monthly cycles of growth, differentiation and shedding during a woman's reproductive years. Fluctuating levels of circulating estrogen and progesterone orchestrate this dramatic remodeling of human endometrium. The thin inactive endometrium of postmenopausal women which resembles the permanent basal layer of cycling endometrium retains the capacity to respond to exogenous sex steroid hormones to regenerate into a thick functional endometrium capable of supporting pregnancy. Endometrial regeneration also follows parturition and endometrial resection. In non menstruating rodents, endometrial epithelium undergoes rounds of proliferation and apoptosis during estrus cycles. The recent identification of adult stem cells in both human and mouse endometrium suggests that epithelial progenitor cells and the mesenchymal stem/stromal cells have key roles in the cyclical regeneration of endometrial epithelium and stroma. This review will summarize the evidence for endometrial stem/progenitor cells, examine their role in mouse models of endometrial epithelial repair and estrogen-induced endometrial regeneration, and also describe the generation of endometrial-like epithelium from human embryonic stem cells. With markers now available for identifying endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, their possible role in gynecological diseases associated with abnormal endometrial proliferation and their potential application in cell-based therapies to regenerate reproductive and other tissues will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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