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Guensch DP, Utz CD, Jung B, Dozio S, Huettenmoser SP, Friess JO, Terbeck S, Erdoes G, Huber AT, Eberle B, Fischer K. Introducing a free-breathing MRI method to assess peri-operative myocardial oxygenation and function: A volunteer cohort study. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2024; 41:480-489. [PMID: 38323332 PMCID: PMC11155273 DOI: 10.1097/eja.0000000000001964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induction of general anaesthesia has many potential triggers for peri-operative myocardial ischaemia including the acute disturbance of blood gases that frequently follows alterations in breathing and ventilation patterns. Free-breathing oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (OS-CMR) imaging may provide the opportunity to continuously quantify the impact of such triggers on myocardial oxygenation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of breathing patterns that simulate induction of general anaesthesia on myocardial oxygenation in awake healthy adults using continuous OS-CMR imaging. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Single-centre university hospital. Recruitment from August 2020 to January 2022. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-two healthy volunteers younger than 45 years old were recruited. Data were analysed from n = 29 (69% male individuals). INTERVENTION Participants performed a simulated induction breathing manoeuvre consisting of 2.5 min paced breathing with a respiration rate of 14 breaths per minute, followed by 5 deep breaths, then apnoea for up to 60s inside a magnetic resonance imaging scanner (MRI). Cardiac images were acquired with the traditional OS-CMR sequence (OS bh-cine ), which requires apnoea for acquisition and with two free-breathing OS-CMR sequences: a high-resolution single-shot sequence (OS fb-ss ) and a real-time cine sequence (OS fb-rtcine ). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Myocardial oxygenation response at the end of the paced breathing period and at the 30 s timepoint during the subsequent apnoea, reflecting the time of successful intubation in a clinical setting. RESULTS The paced breathing followed by five deep breaths significantly reduced myocardial oxygenation, which was observed with all three techniques (OS bh-cine -6.0 ± 2.6%, OS fb-ss -12.0 ± 5.9%, OS fb-rtcine -5.4 ± 7.0%, all P < 0.05). The subsequent vasodilating stimulus of apnoea then significantly increased myocardial oxygenation (OS bh-cine 6.8 ± 3.1%, OS fb-ss 8.4 ± 5.6%, OS fb-rtcine 15.7 ± 10.0%, all P < 0.01). The free-breathing sequences were reproducible and were not inferior to the original sequence for any stage. CONCLUSION Breathing manoeuvres simulating induction of general anaesthesia cause dynamic alterations of myocardial oxygenation in young volunteers, which can be quantified continuously with free-breathing OS-CMR. Introducing these new imaging techniques into peri-operative studies may throw new light into the mechanisms of peri-operative perturbations of myocardial tissue oxygenation and ischaemia. VISUAL ABSTRACT http://links.lww.com/EJA/A922.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik P Guensch
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine (DPG, CDU, JOF, ST, GE, BE, KF) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (DPG, BJ, SD, SPH, ATH)
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Vanmali A, Alhumaid W, White JA. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance-Based Tissue Characterization in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Can J Cardiol 2024; 40:887-898. [PMID: 38490449 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common hereditable cardiomyopathy that affects between 1:200 to 1:500 of the general population. The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in the management of HCM has expanded over the past 2 decades to become a key informant of risk in this patient population, delivering unique insights into tissue health and its influence on future outcomes. Numerous mature CMR-based techniques are clinically available for the interrogation of tissue health in patients with HCM, inclusive of contrast and noncontrast methods. Late gadolinium enhancement imaging remains a cornerstone technique for the identification and quantification of myocardial fibrosis with large cumulative evidence supporting value for the prediction of arrhythmic outcomes. T1 mapping delivers improved fidelity for fibrosis quantification through direct estimations of extracellular volume fraction but also offers potential for noncontrast surrogate assessments of tissue health. Water-sensitive imaging, inclusive of T2-weighted dark blood imaging and T2 mapping, have also shown preliminary potential for assisting in risk discrimination. Finally, emerging techniques, inclusive of innovative multiparametric methods, are expanding the utility of CMR to assist in the delivery of comprehensive tissue characterization toward the delivery of personalized HCM care. In this narrative review we summarize the contemporary landscape of CMR techniques aimed at characterizing tissue health in patients with HCM. The value of these respective techniques to identify patients at elevated risk of future cardiovascular outcomes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atish Vanmali
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cardiac Science, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Waleed Alhumaid
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cardiac Science, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - James A White
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cardiac Science, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Zhou Z, Xu R, Cai X, Fu H, Xu K, Yuan W, Song Y, Shi K, Fu C, Li X, Wang C, Guo Y, Yu L, Xu H. Association Between Myocardial Oxygenation and Fibrosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Analysis by Rest Oxygenation-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38328865 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial hypoxia has been demonstrated in many cardiomyopathies and is related to development of myocardial fibrosis. However, myocardial hypoxia and its association with myocardial fibrosis are understudied in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)-associated cardiomyopathy. PURPOSE To evaluate myocardial hypoxia by oxygenation-sensitive (OS) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and further explore its association with fibrosis. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Ninety-one DMD boys (8.78 ± 2.32) and 30 healthy boys (9.07 ± 2.30). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3 T, Balanced steady-state free procession, Modified Look-Locker inversion recovery sequence and Single-shot phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequence. ASSESSMENT Cardiac MRI data, including left ventricular functional, segmental native T1, and oxygenation signal-intensity (SI) according to AHA 17-segment model, were acquired. Patients were divided into LGE+ and LGE- groups. In patients with LGE, all segments were further classified as positive or negative segments by segmentally presence/absence of LGE. STATISTICAL TESTS Variables were compared using Student's t, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way analysis of variance. Bivariate Pearson or Spearman correlation were calculated to determine association between oxygenation SI and native T1. Variables with P < 0.10 in the univariable analysis were included in multivariable model. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the performance of OS in diagnosing myocardial hypoxia. RESULTS The myocardial oxygenation SI of DMD was significantly decreased in all segments compared with normal controls, and more obvious in the LGE+ segments (0.46 ± 0.03 vs. 0.52 ± 0.03). For patients with and without LGE, myocardial oxygenation SI were significantly negatively correlated with native T1 in all segments (r = -0.23 to -0.42). The inferolateral oxygenation SI was a significant independent associator of LGE presence (adjusted OR = 0.900). DATA CONCLUSION Myocardial hypoxia evaluated by the OS-Cardiac-MRI indeed occurs in DMD and associate with myocardial fibrosis, which might be used as a biomarker in assessing myocardial damage in DMD. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhou
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaotang Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Fu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weifeng Yuan
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Fu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuesheng Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingkun Guo
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huayan Xu
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Hillier E, Covone J, Fischer K, Chen HY, Hafyane T, Friedrich MG. Microvascular Dysfunction as a Possible Link Between Heart Failure and Cognitive Dysfunction. Circ Heart Fail 2023; 16:e010117. [PMID: 37750336 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.122.010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular function in the brain and heart may play an important role in the course of patients with heart failure (HF), but its relationship with ventricular and cognitive function is not well understood. We hypothesized that microvascular function in HF is closely related to both, cardiac and cognitive function. METHODS In healthy controls and symptomatic patients with HF (New York Heart Association functional class II or III), we used oxygenation-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging during a standardized breathing maneuver to determine the cerebral oxygenation reserve and the myocardial oxygenation reserve (MORE) as markers for microvascular function. A stepwise multivariable linear regression was performed to determine the variables that best predict changes in cerebral oxygenation reserve and MORE. We also measured cognitive function using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test. RESULTS Twenty patients with HF (age 64.4±8.3 years; 50% female sex), and 21 healthy controls (age 55.0±5.1 years; 62% female sex) were included in the analysis. In patients with HF, cerebral oxygenation reserve and MORE were lower than in healthy controls (MORE, -0.1±3.3 versus 5.0±4.2, cerebral oxygenation reserve: 0.43±0.47 versus 1.21±0.60, respectively) as were Montreal Cognitive Assessment score results (HF, 23.9±3.7; healthy, 27.8±1.5; P=0.002). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment score in patients was correlated with cardiac output (r=0.55, P=0.011) and MORE (r=0.46, P=0.040). In addition to the presence of HF, significant predictors of cerebral and myocardial oxygenation reserve were cardiac output and end-diastolic volume, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that heart failure is an independent predictor of coronary and cerebral microvascular dysfunction as defined by a reduced response to a vasodilatory breathing maneuver. This impaired response was associated with reduced cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hillier
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Experimental Medicine (E.H., J.C., H.Y.C., M.G.F.), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada (E.H.)
| | - Jason Covone
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Experimental Medicine (E.H., J.C., H.Y.C., M.G.F.), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kady Fischer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland (K.F.)
| | - Hao Yu Chen
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada (E.H.)
| | - Tarik Hafyane
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Universite de Montreal, QC, Canada (T.H.)
| | - Matthias G Friedrich
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Experimental Medicine (E.H., J.C., H.Y.C., M.G.F.), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Diagnostic Radiology (M.G.F.), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Alogna A, Faragli A, Kolp C, Doeblin P, Tanacli R, Confortola G, Oetvoes J, Perna S, Stehning C, Nagel E, Pieske BM, Post H, Kelle S. Blood-Oxygen-Level Dependent (BOLD) T2-Mapping Reflects Invasively Measured Central Venous Oxygen Saturation in Cardiovascular Patients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:251-253. [PMID: 36648039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Henningsson M, Carlhäll CJ, Ebbers T, Kihlberg J. Non-contrast myocardial perfusion in rest and exercise stress using systolic flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 35:711-718. [PMID: 34958438 PMCID: PMC9463284 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-021-00992-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate systolic flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) during rest and exercise stress using 2RR (two cardiac cycles) or 1RR intervals between inversion pulse and imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1RR and 2RR FAIR was implemented on a 3T scanner. Ten healthy subjects were scanned during rest and stress. Stress was performed using an in-bore ergometer. Heart rate, mean myocardial blood flow (MBF) and temporal signal-to-noise ratio (TSNR) were compared using paired t tests. RESULTS Mean heart rate during stress was higher than rest for 1RR FAIR (85.8 ± 13.7 bpm vs 63.3 ± 11.1 bpm; p < 0.01) and 2RR FAIR (83.8 ± 14.2 bpm vs 63.1 ± 10.6 bpm; p < 0.01). Mean stress MBF was higher than rest for 1RR FAIR (2.97 ± 0.76 ml/g/min vs 1.43 ± 0.6 ml/g/min; p < 0.01) and 2RR FAIR (2.8 ± 0.96 ml/g/min vs 1.22 ± 0.59 ml/g/min; p < 0.01). Resting mean MBF was higher for 1RR FAIR than 2RR FAIR (p < 0.05), but not during stress. TSNR was lower for stress compared to rest for 1RR FAIR (4.52 ± 2.54 vs 10.12 ± 3.69; p < 0.01) and 2RR FAIR (7.36 ± 3.78 vs 12.41 ± 5.12; p < 0.01). 2RR FAIR TSNR was higher than 1RR FAIR for rest (p < 0.05) and stress (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION We have demonstrated feasibility of systolic FAIR in rest and exercise stress. 2RR delay systolic FAIR enables non-contrast perfusion assessment during stress with relatively high TSNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Henningsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Carlhäll
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology in Linköping, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tino Ebbers
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johan Kihlberg
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Xu C, Sellke FW, Abid MR. Assessments of microvascular function in organ systems. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H891-H905. [PMID: 35333121 PMCID: PMC9037705 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00589.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Microvascular disease plays critical roles in the dysfunction of all organ systems, and there are many methods available to assess the microvasculature. These methods can either assess the target organ directly or assess an easily accessible organ such as the skin or retina so that inferences can be extrapolated to the other systems and/or related diseases. Despite the abundance of exploratory research on some of these modalities and their possible applications, there is a general lack of clinical use. This deficiency is likely due to two main reasons: the need for standardization of protocols to establish a role in clinical practice or the lack of therapies targeted toward microvascular dysfunction. Also, there remain some questions to be answered about the coronary microvasculature, as it is complex, heterogeneous, and difficult to visualize in vivo even with advanced imaging technology. This review will discuss novel approaches that are being used to assess microvasculature health in several key organ systems, and evaluate their clinical utility and scope for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Xu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - M Ruhul Abid
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
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Gupta S, Prakash A, Medhi B. Imaging techniques in drug development. Indian J Pharmacol 2022; 54:309-313. [PMID: 36537398 PMCID: PMC9846912 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_533_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Prakash
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India,Address for correspondence: Prof. Bikash Medhi, Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh - 160 012, India. E-mail:
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Abstract
Abstract
In this review article, we present arguments demonstrating that the advent of high sensitivity total-body PET systems and the invention of the method of positronium imaging, open realistic perspectives for the application of positronium as a biomarker for in-vivo assessment of the degree of hypoxia. Hypoxia is a state or condition, in which the availability of oxygen is not sufficient to support physiological processes in tissue and organs. Positronium is a metastable atom formed from electron and positron which is copiously produced in the intramolecular spaces in the living organisms undergoing positron emission tomography (PET). Properties of positronium, such as e.g., lifetime, depend on the size of intramolecular spaces and the concentration in them of oxygen molecules. Therefore, information on the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in the tissue may be derived from the positronium lifetime measurement. The partial pressure of oxygen differs between healthy and cancer tissues in the range from 10 to 50 mmHg. Such differences of pO2 result in the change of ortho-positronium lifetime e.g., in water by about 2–7 ps. Thus, the application of positronium as a biomarker of hypoxia requires the determination of the mean positronium lifetime with the resolution in the order of 2 ps. We argue that such resolution is in principle achievable for organ-wise positronium imaging with the total-body PET systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Moskal
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University , Krakow , Poland
- Total-Body Jagiellonian-PET Laboratory, Jagiellonian University , Kraków , Poland
- Theranostics Center, Jagiellonian University , Kraków , Poland
| | - Ewa Ł. Stępień
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University , Krakow , Poland
- Total-Body Jagiellonian-PET Laboratory, Jagiellonian University , Kraków , Poland
- Theranostics Center, Jagiellonian University , Kraków , Poland
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Blaszczyk E, Lim C, Kellman P, Schmacht L, Gröschel J, Spuler S, Schulz-Menger J. Progressive myocardial injury in myotonic dystrophy type II and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 1: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance follow-up study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2021; 23:130. [PMID: 34743704 PMCID: PMC8573966 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-021-00812-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a progressive disease with predominantly muscular symptoms. Myotonic dystrophy type II (MD2) and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1 (FSHD1) are gaining an increasing awareness, but data on cardiac involvement are conflicting. The aim of this study was to determine a progression of cardiac remodeling in both entities by applying cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and evaluate its potential relation to arrhythmias as well as to conduction abnormalities. METHODS AND RESULTS 83 MD2 and FSHD1 patients were followed. The participation was 87% in MD2 and 80% in FSHD1. 1.5 T CMR was performed to assess functional parameters as well as myocardial tissue characterization applying T1 and T2 mapping, fat/water-separated imaging and late gadolinium enhancement. Focal fibrosis was detected in 23% of MD2) and 33% of FSHD1 subjects and fat infiltration in 32% of MD2 and 28% of FSHD1 subjects, respectively. The incidence of all focal findings was higher at follow-up. T2 decreased, whereas native T1 remained stable. Global extracellular volume fraction (ECV) decreased similarly to the fibrosis volume while the total cell volume remained unchanged. All patients with focal fibrosis showed a significant increase in left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes. An increase of arrhythmic events was observed. All patients with ventricular arrhythmias had focal myocardial changes and an increased volume of both ventricles (LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) p = 0.003, RVEDV p = 0.031). Patients with supraventricular tachycardias had a significantly higher left atrial volume (p = 0.047). CONCLUSION We observed a remarkably fast and progressive decline of cardiac morphology and function as well as a progression of rhythm disturbances, even in asymptomatic patients with a potential association between an increase in arrhythmias and progression of myocardial tissue damage, such as focal fibrosis and fat infiltration, exists. These results suggest that MD2 and FSHD1 patients should be carefully followed-up to identify early development of remodeling and potential risks for the development of further cardiac events even in the absence of symptoms. Trial registration ISRCTN, ID ISRCTN16491505. Registered 29 November 2017 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16491505.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Blaszczyk
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Working Group Onn Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a Joint Cooperation Between the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Lim
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Working Group Onn Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a Joint Cooperation Between the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Kellman
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Luisa Schmacht
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Working Group Onn Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a Joint Cooperation Between the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Gröschel
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Working Group Onn Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a Joint Cooperation Between the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Spuler
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a Jointoint Cooperationoperation Betweenetween the Charité Medical, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Working Group Onn Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a Joint Cooperation Between the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Guensch DP, Michel MC, Huettenmoser SP, Jung B, Gulac P, Segiser A, Longnus SL, Fischer K. The blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) effect of in-vitro myoglobin and hemoglobin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11464. [PMID: 34075096 PMCID: PMC8169704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90908-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) results in a drop in T2 and T2* in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), known as the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD-)effect. The purpose of this study was to investigate if deoxygenated myoglobin (Mb) exerts a BOLD-like effect. Equine Met-Mb powder was dissolved and converted to oxygenated Mb. T1, T2, T2*-maps and BOLD-bSSFP images at 3Tesla were used to scan 22 Mb samples and 12 Hb samples at room air, deoxygenation, reoxygenation and after chemical reduction. In Mb, T2 and T2* mapping showed a significant decrease after deoxygenation (- 25% and - 12%, p < 0.01), increase after subsequent reoxygenation (+ 17% and 0% vs. room air, p < 0.01), and finally a decrease in T2 after chemical reduction (- 28%, p < 0.01). An opposite trend was observed with T1 for each stage, while chemical reduction reduced BOLD-bSSFP signal (- 3%, p < 0.01). Similar deflections were seen at oxygenation changes in Hb. The T1 changes suggests that the oxygen content has been changed in the specimen. The shortening of transverse relaxation times in T2 and T2*-mapping after deoxygenation in Mb specimens are highly indicative of a BOLD-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik P Guensch
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Matthias C Michel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan P Huettenmoser
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Jung
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Gulac
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Adrian Segiser
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah L Longnus
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern , Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kady Fischer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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12
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Hu C, Huber S, Nguyen V, Baldassarre L, Mojibian H, Peters D. Fat-saturated dark-blood cardiac T2 mapping in a single breath-hold. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 81:24-32. [PMID: 34044065 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Conventional cardiac T2 mapping suffers from the partial-voluming effect in the endocardium and epicardium due to the co-presence of intra-cavity blood and epicardial fat. The aim of the study is to develop a novel single-breath-hold Fat-Saturated Dark-Blood (FSDB) cardiac T2-mapping technique to mitigate the partial-voluming and improve T2 accuracy. METHODS The proposed FSDB T2-mapping technique combines T2-prepared bSSFP, a novel use of double inversion-recovery with heart-rate-adaptive TI, and spectrally-selective fat saturation to mitigate partial-voluming from both the blood and fat. FSDB T2 mapping was compared to conventional T2 mapping via simulations, phantom imaging, healthy-subject imaging (n = 8), and patient imaging (n = 7). In the healthy subjects, a high-resolution coplanar anatomical imaging was performed to provide a gold standard for segmentation of endocardium and epicardium. T2 maps were registered to the gold standard image to evaluate any inter-layer T2 difference, which is a surrogate for partial-voluming. RESULTS Simulations and phantom imaging showed that FSDB T2 mapping was accurate in a range of heartrates, off-resonance, and T2 values, and blood/fat reasonably nulled in a range of heartrates. In healthy subjects, FSDB T2 mapping showed similar T2 values over different myocardial layers in all 3 short-axis slices (e.g. basal epicardial/mid-wall/endocardial T2 = 42 ± 2 ms/41 ± 1 ms/42 ± 1 ms), whereas conventional T2 mapping showed considerably increased T2 in the endocardium and epicardium (e.g. basal epicardial/mid-wall/endocardial T2 = 48 ± 3 ms/43 ± 1 ms/49 ± 3 ms). The homogeneous T2 in the FSDB T2 mapping increased the apparent LV-wall thickness by 25-41% compared with the conventional method. CONCLUSIONS The proposed technique improves accuracy of myocardial T2 mapping against partial-voluming associated with both fat and blood, facilitating a multi-layer T2 evaluation of the myocardium. This technique may improve utility of cardiac T2 mapping in diseases affecting the endocardium and epicardium, and in patients with a small heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Hu
- The Institute of Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Steffen Huber
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, , New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Lauren Baldassarre
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, , New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Hamid Mojibian
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Dana Peters
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
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13
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Sirajuddin A, Mirmomen SM, Kligerman SJ, Groves DW, Burke AP, Kureshi F, White CS, Arai AE. Ischemic Heart Disease: Noninvasive Imaging Techniques and Findings. Radiographics 2021; 41:990-1021. [PMID: 34019437 PMCID: PMC8262179 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2021200125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide and comprises a large proportion of annual health care expenditure. Management of ischemic heart disease is now best guided by the physiologic significance of coronary artery stenosis. Invasive coronary angiography is the standard for diagnosing coronary artery stenosis. However, it is expensive and has risks including vascular access site complications and contrast material–induced nephropathy. Invasive coronary angiography requires fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement to determine the physiologic significance of a coronary artery stenosis. Multiple noninvasive cardiac imaging modalities can also anatomically delineate or functionally assess for significant coronary artery stenosis, as well as detect the presence of myocardial infarction (MI). While coronary CT angiography can help assess the degree of anatomic stenosis, its inability to assess the physiologic significance of lesions limits its specificity. Physiologic significance of coronary artery stenosis can be determined by cardiac MR vasodilator or dobutamine stress imaging, CT stress perfusion imaging, FFR CT, PET myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), SPECT MPI, and stress echocardiography. Clinically unrecognized MI, another clear indicator of physiologically significant coronary artery disease, is relatively common and is best evaluated with cardiac MRI. The authors illustrate the spectrum of imaging findings of ischemic heart disease (coronary artery disease, myocardial ischemia, and MI); highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the various noninvasive imaging methods used to assess ischemic heart disease, as illustrated by recent clinical trials; and summarize current indications and contraindications for noninvasive imaging techniques for detection of ischemic heart disease. Online supplemental material is available for this article. Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene Sirajuddin
- From the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Building 10, Room B1D416, Bethesda, MD 20814 (A.S., S.M.M., A.E.A.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (S.J.K.); Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.W.G.); Department of Pathology (A.P.B.) and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.S.W.), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md; and St David's Healthcare and Austin Heart, Austin, Tex (F.K.)
| | - S Mojdeh Mirmomen
- From the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Building 10, Room B1D416, Bethesda, MD 20814 (A.S., S.M.M., A.E.A.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (S.J.K.); Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.W.G.); Department of Pathology (A.P.B.) and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.S.W.), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md; and St David's Healthcare and Austin Heart, Austin, Tex (F.K.)
| | - Seth J Kligerman
- From the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Building 10, Room B1D416, Bethesda, MD 20814 (A.S., S.M.M., A.E.A.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (S.J.K.); Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.W.G.); Department of Pathology (A.P.B.) and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.S.W.), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md; and St David's Healthcare and Austin Heart, Austin, Tex (F.K.)
| | - Daniel W Groves
- From the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Building 10, Room B1D416, Bethesda, MD 20814 (A.S., S.M.M., A.E.A.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (S.J.K.); Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.W.G.); Department of Pathology (A.P.B.) and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.S.W.), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md; and St David's Healthcare and Austin Heart, Austin, Tex (F.K.)
| | - Allen P Burke
- From the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Building 10, Room B1D416, Bethesda, MD 20814 (A.S., S.M.M., A.E.A.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (S.J.K.); Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.W.G.); Department of Pathology (A.P.B.) and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.S.W.), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md; and St David's Healthcare and Austin Heart, Austin, Tex (F.K.)
| | - Faraz Kureshi
- From the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Building 10, Room B1D416, Bethesda, MD 20814 (A.S., S.M.M., A.E.A.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (S.J.K.); Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.W.G.); Department of Pathology (A.P.B.) and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.S.W.), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md; and St David's Healthcare and Austin Heart, Austin, Tex (F.K.)
| | - Charles S White
- From the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Building 10, Room B1D416, Bethesda, MD 20814 (A.S., S.M.M., A.E.A.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (S.J.K.); Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.W.G.); Department of Pathology (A.P.B.) and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.S.W.), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md; and St David's Healthcare and Austin Heart, Austin, Tex (F.K.)
| | - Andrew E Arai
- From the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Building 10, Room B1D416, Bethesda, MD 20814 (A.S., S.M.M., A.E.A.); Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (S.J.K.); Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo (D.W.G.); Department of Pathology (A.P.B.) and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.S.W.), School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md; and St David's Healthcare and Austin Heart, Austin, Tex (F.K.)
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14
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Emrich T, Halfmann M, Schoepf UJ, Kreitner KF. CMR for myocardial characterization in ischemic heart disease: state-of-the-art and future developments. Eur Radiol Exp 2021; 5:14. [PMID: 33763757 PMCID: PMC7990980 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-021-00208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease and its sequelae are one of the major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the last decades, technological developments have strengthened the role of noninvasive imaging for detection, risk stratification, and management of patients with ischemic heart disease. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging incorporates both functional and morphological characterization of the heart to determine presence, acuteness, and severity of ischemic heart disease by evaluating myocardial wall motion and function, the presence and extent of myocardial edema, ischemia, and scarring. Currently established clinical protocols have already demonstrated their diagnostic and prognostic value. Nevertheless, there are emerging imaging technologies that provide additional information based on advanced quantification of imaging biomarkers and improved diagnostic accuracy, therefore potentially allowing reduction or avoidance of contrast and/or stressor agents. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of the art of CMR imaging for ischemic heart disease and to provide insights into promising future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Emrich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Mainz; Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany. .,Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Moritz Halfmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Mainz; Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - U Joseph Schoepf
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 25 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Karl-Friedrich Kreitner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center, Mainz; Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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15
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Arginine Metabolites as Biomarkers of Myocardial Ischaemia, Assessed with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030416. [PMID: 33799818 PMCID: PMC8002086 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Myocardial oxygenation and perfusion response to stress, using oxygen-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (OS-CMR) and stress T1 mapping respectively, are impaired in CKD patients with and without known coronary artery disease (CAD). Endothelial dysfunction, assessed by circulating levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and homoarginine (HMA), promotes atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that in CKD patients, worsening endothelial dysfunction is associated with worsening myocardial oxygenation and perfusion as assessed by change in OS-CMR signal intensity (Δ OS-CMR SI) and stress T1 (ΔT1) values. (2) Methods: 38 patients with advanced CKD underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) scanning at 3 Tesla. OS-CMR and T1 mapping images were acquired both at rest and after adenosine stress and analyzed semi-quantitatively. Serum ADMA and HMA concentrations were assessed using mass spectrometry. (3) Results: There was no significant correlation between Δ OS-CMR SI and ADMA or HMA. Interestingly, there was a significant negative correlation seen between Δ T1 and ADMA (r = -0.419, p = 0.037, n = 30) but not between Δ T1 and HMA. (4) Conclusions: Stress T1 response is impaired in CKD patients and is independently associated with higher circulating ADMA concentrations.
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16
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Bona M, Wyss RK, Arnold M, Méndez-Carmona N, Sanz MN, Günsch D, Barile L, Carrel TP, Longnus SL. Cardiac Graft Assessment in the Era of Machine Perfusion: Current and Future Biomarkers. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e018966. [PMID: 33522248 PMCID: PMC7955334 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Heart transplantation remains the treatment of reference for patients experiencing end‐stage heart failure; unfortunately, graft availability through conventional donation after brain death is insufficient to meet the demand. Use of extended‐criteria donors or donation after circulatory death has emerged to increase organ availability; however, clinical protocols require optimization to limit or prevent damage in hearts possessing greater susceptibility to injury than conventional grafts. The emergence of cardiac ex situ machine perfusion not only facilitates the use of extended‐criteria donor and donation after circulatory death hearts through the avoidance of potentially damaging ischemia during graft storage and transport, it also opens the door to multiple opportunities for more sensitive monitoring of graft quality. With this review, we aim to bring together the current knowledge of biomarkers that hold particular promise for cardiac graft evaluation to improve precision and reliability in the identification of hearts for transplantation, thereby facilitating the safe increase in graft availability. Information about the utility of potential biomarkers was categorized into 5 themes: (1) functional, (2) metabolic, (3) hormone/prohormone, (4) cellular damage/death, and (5) inflammatory markers. Several promising biomarkers are identified, and recommendations for potential improvements to current clinical protocols are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bona
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Rahel K Wyss
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Maria Arnold
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Natalia Méndez-Carmona
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Maria N Sanz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Dominik Günsch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine/Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology Bern University HospitalInselspitalUniversity of Bern Switzerland
| | - Lucio Barile
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Theranostics Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Università Svizzera Italiana Lugano Switzerland
| | - Thierry P Carrel
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Sarah L Longnus
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
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17
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Lu L, Eldeniz C, An H, Li R, Yang Y, Schindler TH, Peterson LR, Woodard PK, Zheng J. Quantification of myocardial oxygen extraction fraction: A proof-of-concept study. Magn Reson Med 2021; 85:3318-3325. [PMID: 33497013 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate a proof of concept for the measurement of myocardial oxygen extraction fraction (mOEF) by a cardiovascular magnetic resonance technique. METHODS The mOEF measurement was performed using an electrocardiogram-triggered double-echo asymmetric spin-echo sequence with EPI readout. Seven healthy volunteers (22-37 years old, 5 females) were recruited and underwent the same imaging scans at rest on 2 different days for reproducibility assessment. Another 5 subjects (23-37 years old, 4 females) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance studies at rest and during a handgrip isometric exercise with a 25% of maximal voluntary contraction. Both mOEF and myocardial blood volume values were obtained in septal regions from respective maps. RESULTS The reproducibility was excellent for the measurements of mOEF in septal myocardium (coefficient of variation: 3.37%) and moderate for myocardial blood volume (coefficient of variation: 19.7%). The average mOEF and myocardial blood volume of 7 subjects at rest were 0.61 ± 0.05 and 11.0 ± 4.3%, respectively. The mOEF agreed well with literature values that were measured by PET in healthy volunteers. In the exercise study, there was no significant change in mOEF (0.61 ± 0.06 vs 0.62 ± 0.07) or myocardial blood volume (12 ± 6% vs 13 ± 4%) from rest to exercise, as expected. CONCLUSION The implemented cardiovascular magnetic resonance method shows potential for the quantitative assessment of mOEF in vivo. Future technical work is needed to improve image quality and to further validate mOEF measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Lu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Cihat Eldeniz
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hongyu An
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ran Li
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas H Schindler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Linda R Peterson
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Pamela K Woodard
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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18
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Shi K, Yang MX, Xia CC, Peng WL, Zhang K, Li ZL, Guo YK, Yang ZG. Noninvasive oxygenation assessment after acute myocardial infarction with breathing maneuvers-induced oxygenation-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 54:284-289. [PMID: 33433045 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The safety profiles when performing stress oxygenation-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (OS-MRI) have raised concerns in clinical practice. Adenosine infusion can cause side effects such as chest pain, dyspnea, arrhythmia, and even cardiac death. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of breathing maneuvers-induced OS-MRI in acute myocardial infarction (MI). This was a prospective study, which included 14 healthy rabbits and nine MI rabbit models. This study used 3 T MRI/modified Look-Locker inversion recovery sequence for native T1 mapping, balanced steady-state free precession sequence for OS imaging, and phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequence for late gadolinium enhancement. The changes in myocardial oxygenation (ΔSI) were assessed under two breathing maneuvers protocols in healthy rabbits: a series of extended breath-holding (BH), and a combined maneuver of hyperventilation followed by the extended BH (HVBH). Subsequently, OS-MRI with HVBH in acute MI rabbits was performed, and the ΔSI was compared with that of adenosine stress protocol. Student's t-test, Wilcoxon rank test, and Friedman test were used to compare ΔSI in different subgroups. Pearson and Spearman correlation was used to obtain the association of ΔSI between breathing maneuvers and adenosine stress. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the bias of ΔSI between HVBH and adenosine stress. In healthy rabbits, BH maneuvers from 30 to 50 s induced significant increase in SI compared with the baseline (all p < 0.05). By contrast, hyperventilation for 60 s followed by 10 s-BH (HVBH 10 s) exhibited a comparable ΔSI to that of stress test (p = 0.07). In acute MI rabbits, HVBH 10 s-induced ΔSIs among infarcted, salvaged, and the remote myocardial area were no less effectiveness than adenosine stress when performing OS-MRI (r = 0.84; p < 0.05). Combined breathing maneuvers with OS-MRI have the potential to be used as a nonpharmacological alternative for assessing myocardial oxygenation in patients with acute MI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shi
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Meng-Xi Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.,Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chun-Chao Xia
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Wan-Lin Peng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ying-Kun Guo
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
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19
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Luu JM, Schmidt A, Flewitt J, Mikami Y, Ter Keurs H, Friedrich MG. Cardiovascular risk is associated with a transmural gradient of myocardial oxygenation during adenosine infusion. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 20:1287-1295. [PMID: 30590548 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jey202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), a transmural gradient of myocardial perfusion has been repeatedly observed, with the subendocardial layer showing more pronounced perfusion deficits. Oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (OS-CMR) allows for monitoring transmural changes of myocardial oxygenation in vivo. We hypothesized that OS-CMR could help identify a transmural oxygenation gradient as a disease marker in patients at risk for CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed 34 patients with known CAD and 28 subjects with coronary risk factors but no evidence of significant CAD. Results were compared with 11 healthy volunteers. OS-CMR was performed at 1.5 T, applying a T2*-weighted cine steady state free precession sequence at baseline and during infusion of adenosine. A reader blinded to patient data quantified the relative change of myocardial oxygenation in OS-CMR, defined by the change of signal intensity (ΔSI%) between baseline and during adenosine infusion in the entire myocardium, the subepicardial layer, and the subendocardial layer. SI changes were homogenous throughout the myocardium in healthy subjects, whereas both, patients with risk factors only and patients with CAD, had a significantly smaller ΔSI% in the subendocardial layer than in the subendocardial layer. Both patient groups had an overall decreased ΔSI% across all layers when compared with healthy subjects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Even in the absence of overt CAD, cardiovascular risk factors are associated with a transmural gradient of the myocardial oxygenation response to adenosine as assessed by OS-CMR. An inducible transmural oxygenation gradient may serve as a non-invasive marker for cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy M Luu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 409 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Anna Schmidt
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Foothills Medical Centre, Suite 0700-SSB, 1403-29th Street NW, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Flewitt
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Foothills Medical Centre, Suite 0700-SSB, 1403-29th Street NW, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Yoko Mikami
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Foothills Medical Centre, Suite 0700-SSB, 1403-29th Street NW, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Henk Ter Keurs
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Foothills Medical Centre, Suite 0700-SSB, 1403-29th Street NW, Calgary AB, Canada
| | - Matthias G Friedrich
- Departments of Cardiology and Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry - Local S-716, Montréal QC, Canada.,Departments of Cardiac Sciences and Radiology, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary AB, Canada
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20
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Yang HJ, Oksuz I, Dey D, Sykes J, Klein M, Butler J, Kovacs MS, Sobczyk O, Cokic I, Slomka PJ, Bi X, Li D, Tighiouart M, Tsaftaris SA, Prato FS, Fisher JA, Dharmakumar R. Accurate needle-free assessment of myocardial oxygenation for ischemic heart disease in canines using magnetic resonance imaging. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/494/eaat4407. [PMID: 31142677 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aat4407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial oxygenation-the ability of blood vessels to supply the heart muscle (myocardium) with oxygen-is a critical determinant of cardiac function. Impairment of myocardial oxygenation is a defining feature of ischemic heart disease (IHD), which is caused by pathological conditions that affect the blood vessels supplying oxygen to the heart muscle. Detecting altered myocardial oxygenation can help guide interventions and prevent acute life-threatening events such as heart attacks (myocardial infarction); however, current diagnosis of IHD relies on surrogate metrics and exogenous contrast agents for which many patients are contraindicated. An oxygenation-sensitive cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) approach used previously to demonstrate that CMR signals can be sensitized to changes in myocardial oxygenation showed limited ability to detect small changes in signals in the heart because of physiologic and imaging noise during data acquisition. Here, we demonstrate a CMR-based approach termed cfMRI [cardiac functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] that detects myocardial oxygenation. cfMRI uses carbon dioxide for repeat interrogation of the functional capacity of the heart's blood vessels via a fast MRI approach suitable for clinical adoption without limitations of key confounders (cardiac/respiratory motion and heart rate changes). This method integrates multiple whole-heart images within a computational framework to reduce noise, producing confidence maps of alterations in myocardial oxygenation. cfMRI permits noninvasive monitoring of myocardial oxygenation without requiring ionizing radiation, contrast agents, or needles. This has the potential to broaden our ability to noninvasively identify IHD and a diverse spectrum of heart diseases related to myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jung Yang
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Damini Dey
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | - Jane Sykes
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Michael Klein
- University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - John Butler
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Michael S Kovacs
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Olivia Sobczyk
- University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Ivan Cokic
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Piotr J Slomka
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiaoming Bi
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Healthineers, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | - Frank S Prato
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Joseph A Fisher
- University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. .,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
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21
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Barison A, Aimo A, Todiere G, Grigoratos C, Aquaro GD, Emdin M. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the diagnosis and management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 27:191-205. [DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-09998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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22
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Juan YH, Huang PC, Lin G, Liu MH, Lin YC, Wang JJ, Ng KK, Cheung YC, Wang CH, Ng SH. Oxygen-sensitive T2* magnetic resonance imaging to correlate heart function and ischemic etiology of post-hospitalized chronic heart failure patients. Eur J Radiol 2020; 128:109036. [PMID: 32403031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Myocardial oxygenation imaging is a field-of-interest but its clinical utility largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate the myocardial oxygenation status via T2* imaging and compared with the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in chronic heart failure (HF) patients after hospitalization. Also, we sought to compare the differences in myocardial oxygenation status among patients with ischemic HF, non-ischemic HF and controls. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 60 participants, comprising 20 HF patients with LVEF ≥ 50 % as the improved ejection fraction (HFIEF) group, 20 H F patients with ejection fraction <50 % as the reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) group, and 20 controls. Patients were also dichotomized into ischemic and non-ischemic subgroups. T2* values were compared across the study groups, and correlated with LVEF, myocardial scar distribution and quantity. RESULTS T2* values positively correlated with LVEF and were significantly lower in the HFREF group as compared with both HFIEF and controls (20.06 vs. 24.23; 20.06 vs. 26.32, respectively, both p < 0.05). Lower T2* values were observed in the HFREF group than the HFIEF group and the ischemic subgroup than the non-ischemic subgroup. No significant correlation existed between T2* value and the myocardial scar amounts in ischemic territory. CONCLUSIONS Oxygen-sensitive T2* measurements showed correlation with LVEF and ischemic etiology in chronic heart failure patients, while the ischemic HFREF patients appeared to be more vulnerable to myocardial oxygen reduction than other groups. T2* measurements may be clinically feasible in monitoring heart failure via myocardial oxygenation and lay the foundation for future studies in prediction heart failure recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Juan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ching Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hui Liu
- Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 20401, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, 20401, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Koon-Kwan Ng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, 20401, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chung Cheung
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 20401, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Hang Ng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
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23
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Zhang B, Wang C, Wang H, Kong H, Gao F, Yang M, Zhang J. Feasibility of MRI based oxygenation imaging for the assessment of acute limb ischemia. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:315. [PMID: 32355759 PMCID: PMC7186751 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute limb ischemia (ALI) can lead to death and amputation. Evaluating the severity of ischemia is important but difficult, through current methods of examination. The purpose of this research was to demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) susceptibility-based imaging techniques for use in assessing muscle oxygenation alterations in ALI. Methods ALI animal models were established in 11 rabbits. Their left iliac arteries were embolized by microspheres. MRI scans were conducted 24 hours before (Pre) and 1 hour (Post 1) and 3 hours (Post 2) after the procedure. A susceptibility model was used to calculate skeletal muscle oxygenation extraction fraction (SMOEF) and relaxation rate (R2’). T2 weighted (T2w) imaging and diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging were performed. Results The average calf muscle SMOEF in the embolized hindlimbs increased from 0.43±0.02 (Pre) to 0.48±0.02 (Post 1) and 0.50±0.02 (Post 2), both P<0.05. The R2’ value increased from 13.01±2.31 s−1 (Pre) to 16.78±2.28 s−1 (Post 1) and 17.90±3.29 s−1 (Post 2), both P<0.05. No significant changes of SMOEF and R2’ were found after embolization in the contralateral hindlimbs. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values derived from DW imaging remained unchanged at different stages compared to before the procedures (all P>0.05). No abnormal signals were observed in the anatomical T2w images at Post 1 and Post 2. Conclusions This study demonstrates the feasibility of using SMOEF for the assessment of oxygenation alterations in ALI models. SMOEF is more sensitive than T2w and DW imaging in detecting acute muscle ischemia at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihui Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chengyan Wang
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haochen Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Hanjing Kong
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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24
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Ando K, Nagao M, Watanabe E, Sakai A, Suzuki A, Nakao R, Ishizaki U, Sakai S, Hagiwara N. Association between myocardial hypoxia and fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: analysis by T2* BOLD and T1 mapping MRI. Eur Radiol 2020; 30:4327-4336. [PMID: 32211964 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed whether an association exists between myocardial oxygenation and myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), using blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) T2* cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (T2*-CMR) and T1 mapping. METHODS T1 mapping and T2*-CMR data were collected from 55 HCM patients using a 3-T MR and were prospectively analyzed. T2*-CMR was conducted using the black blood, breath-hold, multi-echo, and gradient echo sequence. Over 10 min, inhalation of oxygen at the flow rate of 10 L/min, T2* for mid-septum was measured following room-air and oxygen inhalation, and ΔT2* ratio (T2*oxy-T2*air/T2*air, %) was calculated. During pre- and post-gadolinium enhancement, native T1 (ms) and extracellular volume fractions (ECV, %) were calculated at sites same as the T2* measurement. Hypoxia was defined as the segment with an absolute value of the ΔT2* ratio ≥ 10%. RESULTS ΔT2* ratio was significantly higher for segments with native T1 ≥ 1290 ms than those with native T1 < 1290 ms (21 ± 32% vs. 8 ± 6%, p = 0.005). ΔT2* ratio was also significantly higher for segments with ECV ≥ 28% than those with ECV < 28% (21 ± 32% vs. 8 ± 8%, p = 0.0003). ROC curve analysis revealed that ΔT2* ratio could detect segments with native T1 ≥ 1290 ms and ECV ≥ 28% and c-statistics of 0.72 and 0.79. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis results, ECV is an independent factor in hypoxia (odds ratio, 1.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-2.13; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Analysis of BOLD T2*-CMR and T1 mapping revealed that ECV is strongly associated with ΔT2* ratio, suggesting that the onset of myocardial fibrosis is related to hypoxia in HCM patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Our study was approved by the ethics committee of our institute (#4036, registered on 21 July 2016) KEY POINTS: • Analysis of ΔT2* ratio and ECV with BOLD-T2* and T1 mapping revealed a strong association between myocardial fibrosis and hypoxia in HCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoe Ando
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michinobu Nagao
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging & Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Eri Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risako Nakao
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Umiko Ishizaki
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging & Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Shuji Sakai
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging & Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Hagiwara
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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van den Boomen M, Manhard MK, Snel GJH, Han S, Emblem KE, Slart RHJA, Sosnovik DE, Catana C, Rosen BR, Prakken NHJ, Nguyen CT, Borra RJH, Setsompop K. Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent MRI of the Myocardium with Multiecho Gradient-Echo Spin-Echo Imaging. Radiology 2020; 294:538-545. [PMID: 31961241 PMCID: PMC7053244 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020191845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Myocardial oxygenation imaging could help determine the presence of microvascular dysfunction associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, it is challenging to depict the potentially small oxygenation alterations with current noninvasive cardiac MRI blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) techniques. Purpose To demonstrate the cardiac application of a gradient-echo spin-echo (GESE) echo-planar imaging sequence for dynamic and quantitative heartbeat-to-heartbeat BOLD MRI and evaluate the sequence in populations both healthy and with hypertension in combination with a breath hold-induced CO2 intervention. Materials and Methods GESE echo-planar imaging sequence was performed in 18 healthy participants and in eight prospectively recruited participants with hypertension on a 3.0-T MRI system. T2 and T2* maps were calculated per heartbeat with a four-parameter fitting technique. Septal regions of interests were used to determine T2 and T2* values per heartbeat and examined over the course of a breath hold to determine BOLD changes. T2 and T2* changes of healthy participants and participants with hypertension were compared by using a nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Results GESE echo-planar imaging approach gave spatially stable T2 and T2* maps per heartbeat for healthy participants and participants with hypertension, with mean T2 values of 43 msec ± 5 (standard deviation) and 46 msec ± 9, respectively, and mean T2* values of 28 msec ± 5 and 22 msec ± 5, respectively. The healthy participants exhibited increasing T2 and T2* values over the course of a breath hold with a mean positive slope of 0.2 msec per heartbeat ± 0.1 for T2 and 0.2 msec per heartbeat ± 0.1 for T2*, whereas for participants with hypertension these dynamic T2 and T2* values had a mean negative slope of -0.2 msec per heartbeat ± 0.2 for T2 and -0.1 msec per heartbeat ± 0.2 for T2*. The difference in these mean slopes between healthy participants and participants with hypertension was significant for both T2 (P < .001) and T2* (P < .001). Conclusion Gradient-echo spin-echo echo-planar imaging sequence provided quantitative T2 and T2* maps per heartbeat and enabled dynamic heartbeat-to-heartbeat blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)-response imaging by analyzing changes in T2 and T2* over the time of a breath-hold intervention. This approach could identify differences in the BOLD response between healthy participants and participants with hypertension. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Friedrich in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike van den Boomen
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Mary Kate Manhard
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Gert Jan H. Snel
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - SoHyun Han
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Kyrre E. Emblem
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Riemer H. J. A. Slart
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - David E. Sosnovik
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Ciprian Catana
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Bruce R. Rosen
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Niek H. J. Prakken
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Christopher T. Nguyen
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Ronald J. H. Borra
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
| | - Kawin Setsompop
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.v.d.B., G.J.H.S., N.H.J.P.,
R.J.H.B.) and Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (R.H.J.A.S.), University
Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ
Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging (M.v.d.B., M.K.M., S.H.H., D.E.S., C.C., B.R.R.,
C.T.N., K.S.), and Cardiovascular Research Center (D.E.S., C.T.N.),
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Mass;
Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
(K.E.E.); Department of Biomedical Photonic Imaging, University of Twente,
Enschede, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.S., R.J.H.B.); and Division of Health
Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Cambridge, Mass (D.E.S., K.S.)
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26
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Menacho K, Abdel-Gadir A, Moon JC, Fernandes JL. T2* Mapping Techniques: Iron Overload Assessment and Other Potential Clinical Applications. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2020; 27:439-451. [PMID: 31279448 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
T2* mapping techniques has evolved significantly since their introduction in the early 2000s and a significant amount of evidence has been gathered to support their clinical routine use for iron overload assessment. This article focuses on the most important aspects of how to perform T2* imaging, from acquisition, to postprocessing, to analyzing the data with clinical concentration. Newer techniques have made T2* mapping more robust and accurate, allowing a broader use of this technique for noncontrast ischemia imaging based on blood oxygen levels, in addition to evaluation of intramyocardial hemorrhage and microvascular obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Menacho
- Barts Heart Centre, The Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, St Bartholomew's Hospital, 2nd Floor, King George V Block, West Smithfiled, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Amna Abdel-Gadir
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E6BT, UK; Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, 2nd Floor, King George V Block, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - James C Moon
- The Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Unit, The Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, 2nd Floor, King George V Block, West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Juliano Lara Fernandes
- Jose Michel Kalaf Research Institute, Radiologia Clinica de Campinas, Av Jose de Souza Campos 840, Campinas, São Paulo 13092-100, Brazil.
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27
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Liu A, Wijesurendra RS, Liu JM, Greiser A, Jerosch-Herold M, Forfar JC, Channon KM, Piechnik SK, Neubauer S, Kharbanda RK, Ferreira VM. Gadolinium-Free Cardiac MR Stress T1-Mapping to Distinguish Epicardial From Microvascular Coronary Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 71:957-968. [PMID: 29495995 PMCID: PMC5835225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) stress T1 mapping can detect ischemia and myocardial blood volume changes without contrast agents and may be a more comprehensive ischemia biomarker than myocardial blood flow. OBJECTIVES This study describes the performance of the first prospective validation of stress T1 mapping against invasive coronary measurements for detecting obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease (CAD), defined by fractional flow reserve (FFR <0.8), and coronary microvascular dysfunction, defined by FFR ≥0.8 and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR ≥25 U), compared with first-pass perfusion imaging. METHODS Ninety subjects (60 patients with angina; 30 healthy control subjects) underwent CMR (1.5- and 3-T) to assess left ventricular function (cine), ischemia (adenosine stress/rest T1 mapping and perfusion), and infarction (late gadolinium enhancement). FFR and IMR were assessed ≤7 days post-CMR. Stress and rest images were analyzed blinded to other information. RESULTS Normal myocardial T1 reactivity (ΔT1) was 6.2 ± 0.4% (1.5-T) and 6.2 ± 1.3% (3-T). Ischemic viable myocardium downstream of obstructive CAD showed near-abolished T1 reactivity (ΔT1 = 0.7 ± 0.7%). Myocardium downstream of nonobstructive coronary arteries with microvascular dysfunction showed less-blunted T1 reactivity (ΔT1 = 3.0 ± 0.9%). Stress T1 mapping significantly outperformed gadolinium-based first-pass perfusion, including absolute quantification of myocardial blood flow, for detecting obstructive CAD (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve: 0.97 ± 0.02 vs. 0.91 ± 0.03, respectively; p < 0.001). A ΔT1 of 1.5% accurately detected obstructive CAD (sensitivity: 93%; specificity: 95%; p < 0.001), whereas a less-blunted ΔT1 of 4.0% accurately detected microvascular dysfunction (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve: 0.95 ± 0.03; sensitivity: 94%; specificity: 94%: p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CMR stress T1 mapping accurately detected and differentiated between obstructive epicardial CAD and microvascular dysfunction, without contrast agents or radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Liu
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rohan S Wijesurendra
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna M Liu
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - John C Forfar
- Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan K Piechnik
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rajesh K Kharbanda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa M Ferreira
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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28
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Le Page LM, Rider OJ, Lewis AJ, Noden V, Kerr M, Giles L, Ambrose LJ, Ball V, Mansor L, Heather LC, Tyler DJ. Assessing the effect of hypoxia on cardiac metabolism using hyperpolarized 13 C magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4099. [PMID: 31090979 PMCID: PMC6619452 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia plays a role in many diseases and can have a wide range of effects on cardiac metabolism depending on the extent of the hypoxic insult. Noninvasive imaging methods could shed valuable light on the metabolic effects of hypoxia on the heart in vivo. Hyperpolarized carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HP 13 C MRS) in particular is an exciting technique for imaging metabolism that could provide such information. The aim of our work was, therefore, to establish whether hyperpolarized 13 C MRS can be used to assess the in vivo heart's metabolism of pyruvate in response to systemic acute and chronic hypoxic exposure. Groups of healthy male Wistar rats were exposed to either acute (30 minutes), 1 week or 3 weeks of hypoxia. In vivo MRS of hyperpolarized [1-13 C] pyruvate was carried out along with assessments of physiological parameters and ejection fraction. Hematocrit was elevated after 1 week and 3 weeks of hypoxia. 30 minutes of hypoxia resulted in a significant reduction in pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) flux, whereas 1 or 3 weeks of hypoxia resulted in a PDH flux that was not different to normoxic animals. Conversion of hyperpolarized [1-13 C] pyruvate into [1-13 C] lactate was elevated following acute hypoxia, suggestive of enhanced anaerobic glycolysis. Elevated HP pyruvate to lactate conversion was also seen at the one week timepoint, in concert with an increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) expression. Following three weeks of hypoxic exposure, cardiac metabolism of pyruvate was comparable with that observed in normoxia. We have successfully visualized the effects of systemic hypoxia on cardiac metabolism of pyruvate using hyperpolarized 13 C MRS, with differences observed following 30 minutes and 1 week of hypoxia. This demonstrates the potential of in vivo hyperpolarized 13 C MRS data for assessing the cardiometabolic effects of hypoxia in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia M. Le Page
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoUSA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical ImagingUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoUSA
| | - Oliver J. Rider
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Andrew J. Lewis
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Victoria Noden
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Matthew Kerr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Lucia Giles
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Lucy J.A. Ambrose
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Vicky Ball
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Latt Mansor
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Lisa C. Heather
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Damian J. Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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Abstract
Noninvasive imaging has played an increasing role in the process of cardiovascular drug development. This review focuses specifically on the use of molecular imaging, which has been increasingly applied to improve and accelerate certain preclinical steps in drug development, including the identification of appropriate therapeutic targets, evaluation of on-target and off-target effects of candidate therapies, assessment of dose response, and the evaluation of drug or biological biodistribution and pharmacodynamics. Unlike the case in cancer medicine, in cardiovascular medicine, molecular imaging has not been used as a primary surrogate clinical end point for drug approval. However, molecular imaging has been applied in early clinical trials, particularly in phase 0 studies, to demonstrate proof-of-concept or to explain variation in treatment effect. Many of these applications where molecular imaging has been used in drug development have involved the retasking of technologies that were originally intended as clinical diagnostics. With greater experience and recognition of the rich information provided by in vivo molecular imaging, it is anticipated that it will increasingly be used to address the enormous time and costs associated with bringing a new drug to clinical launch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Lindner
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.R.L.), Oregon National Primate Research Center (J.R.L.), and Center for Radiologic Research (J.L.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland.
| | - Jeanne Link
- From the Knight Cardiovascular Institute (J.R.L.), Oregon National Primate Research Center (J.R.L.), and Center for Radiologic Research (J.L.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland
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30
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Grover S, Lloyd R, Perry R, Lou PW, Haan E, Yeates L, Woodman R, Atherton JJ, Semsarian C, Selvanayagam JB. Assessment of myocardial oxygenation, strain, and diastology in MYBPC3-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance and echocardiography study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 20:932-938. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jey220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Myocardial oxygenation is impaired in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and possibly also in HCM gene carriers without LVH. Whether these oxygenation changes are also associated with abnormalities in diastolic function or left ventricular (LV) strain are unknown.
Methods and results
We evaluated 60 subjects: 20 MYBPC3 gene positive patients with LVH (G+LVH+), 18 MYBPC3 gene positive without LVH (G+LVH−), 11 gene negative siblings (G−), and 11 normal controls (NC). All subjects underwent 2D transthoracic echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of ventricular volumes, mass, and myocardial oxygenation at rest and adenosine stress using the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) technique. Maximal septal thickness was 20 mm in the G+LVH+ group, vs. 9 mm for the G+LVH− group. As expected, the G+LVH+ group had a more blunted myocardial oxygenation response to stress when compared with the G+LVH− group (−5% ± 3% vs. 2% ± 4%, P < 0.05), G− siblings (−5% ± 3% vs. 11% ± 4%, P < 0.0001) and NC (−5% ± 3% vs. 15% ± 4%, P < 0.0001). A blunted BOLD response to stress was also seen in G+LVH− subjects when compared with gene negative siblings (2% ± 4% vs. 11% ± 4%, P < 0.05) and NC (15% ± 4%, P < 0.050). G+LVH+ patients exhibited abnormal diastolic function including lower Eʹ, higher E to Eʹ ratio and greater left atrial area compared with the G+LVH− subjects who all had normal values for these indices.
Conclusion
Myocardial deoxygenation during stress is observed in MYBPC3 HCM patients, even in the presence of normal LV diastolic function, LV global longitudinal strain, and LV wall thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchi Grover
- Flinders Medical Centre, 1 Flinders Drive, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rachael Lloyd
- Flinders Medical Centre, 1 Flinders Drive, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rebecca Perry
- Flinders Medical Centre, 1 Flinders Drive, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pey Wen Lou
- Flinders Medical Centre, 1 Flinders Drive, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eric Haan
- South Australian Clinical Genetics Service, Womens and Childrens Hospital, 72 King William Road, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Laura Yeates
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard Woodman
- Department of Statistics, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - John J Atherton
- Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, University of Queensland School of Medicine, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chris Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joseph B Selvanayagam
- Flinders Medical Centre, 1 Flinders Drive, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
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31
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Guensch DP, Fischer K, Jung C, Hurni S, Winkler BM, Jung B, Vogt AP, Eberle B. Relationship between myocardial oxygenation and blood pressure: Experimental validation using oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210098. [PMID: 30650118 PMCID: PMC6334913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and coronary blood flow is well described. There is autoregulation within a MAP range of 60 to 140 mmHg providing near constant coronary blood flow. Outside these limits flow becomes pressure-dependent. So far, response of myocardial oxygenation to changes in pressure and flow has been more difficult to assess. While established techniques mostly require invasive approaches, Oxygenation-Sensitive (OS) Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) is a technique that can non-invasively assess changes in myocardial tissue oxygenation. The purpose of this study was to follow myocardial oxygenation over a wide range of blood pressure variation within and outside known coronary autoregulatory limits using OS-CMR, and to relate these data to coronary hemodynamics. Methods Ten anaesthetized swine (German Large White) underwent left-sided thoracotomy and attachment of a perivascular flow probe to the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery for continuous measurement of blood flow (QLAD). Thereafter, animals were transferred into a 3T MRI scanner. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was varied in 10–15 mmHg steps by administering alpha1-receptor agents phenylephrine or urapidil. For each MAP level, OS-CMR images as well as arterial and coronary sinus blood gas samples were obtained simultaneously during brief periods of apnea. Relative changes (Δ) of coronary sinus oxygen saturation (ScsO2), oxygen delivery (DO2) and demand (MVO2), extraction ratio (O2ER) and excess (Ω) from respective reference levels at a MAP of 70 mmHg were determined and were compared to %change in OS-signal intensity (OS-SI) in simultaneously acquired OS-CMR images. Results QLAD response indicated autoregulation between MAP levels of 52 mmHg (lower limit) and127 mmHg (upper limit). OS-CMR revealed a global myocardial oxygenation deficit occurring below the lower autoregulation limit, with the nadir of OS-SI at -9.0%. With MAP values surpassing 70 mmHg, relative OS-SI increased to a maximum of +10.6%. Consistent with this, ΔScsO2, ΔDO2, ΔMVO2, ΔO2ER and ΔΩ responses indicated increasing mismatch of oxygenation balance outside the autoregulated zone. Changes in global OS-CMR were significantly correlated with all of these parameters (p≤0.02) except with ΔMVO2. Conclusion OS-CMR offers a novel and non-invasive route to evaluate the effects of blood pressure variations, as well as of cardiovascular drugs and interventions, on global and regional myocardial oxygenation, as demonstrated in a porcine model. OS-CMR identified mismatch of O2 supply and demand below the lower limit of coronary autoregulation. Vasopressor induced acute hypertension did not compromise myocardial oxygenation in healthy hearts despite increased cardiac workload and O2 demand. The clinical usefulness of OS-CMR remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik P. Guensch
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Kady Fischer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christof Jung
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Hurni
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard M. Winkler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Jung
- Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas P. Vogt
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Balthasar Eberle
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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32
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Chen BH, Wu R, An DA, Shi RY, Yao QY, Lu Q, Hu J, Jiang M, Deen J, Chandra A, Xu JR, Wu LM. Oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance in hypertensive heart disease with left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy and non-left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy: Insight from altered mechanics and cardiac BOLD imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 48:1297-1306. [PMID: 29734491 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) MRI can detect regional condition of myocardial oxygen supply and demand by means of paramagnetic properties. PURPOSE Noninvasive assessment of myocardial oxygenation by BOLD MRI in hypertensive patients with hypertension (HTN) left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy (LVMH) and HTN non-LVMH and its correlation with myocardial mechanics were performed. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Twenty patients with HTN LVMH, 21 patients with HTN non-LVMH, and 23 normotensive controls were enrolled. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Cine imaging, T2* and T1 mapping sequences were achieved at 3.0T. ASSESSMENT Dedicated T1 mapping, T2*, and cine imaging analysis were performed by two radiologists using cvi42. STATISTICAL TESTS One-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Bland-Altman analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Spearman's rank correlation. RESULTS T2* values of HTN LVMH group were significantly lower versus the controls (23.78 ± 3.09 versus 30.77 ± 2.71; P < 0.001) and HTN non-LVMH group (23.78 ± 3.09 versus 28.64 ± 4.23; P < 0.001). Left ventricular peak circumferential strain were reduced in HTN LVMH patients compared with other two groups (-11.32 [-15.64, -10.3], -16.78 [-19.35, -15.34], and -19.73 [-20.57, -18.73]; P < 0.05); and longitudinal strain of HTN LVMH patients were lower than other two groups (-11.31 ± 2.91, -15.1 ± 3.06, and -18.85 ± 1.85; P < 0.05); radial strain of HTN LVMH patients were also lower than other two groups (25.03 ± 16, 40.95 ± 17.5 and 47.9 ± 10.23; P < 0.05). Extracellular volume correlated with peak circumferential, longitudinal, and radial strain (spearman rho = 0.6, 0.64, and -0.69; P < 0.05), respectively; T2* negatively correlated with peak circumferential and longitudinal strain (spearman rho = -0.43 and -0.49; P < 0.05), respectively. Patients with lower T2* values had significant decreases in myocardial mechanics (P < 0.05). DATA CONCLUSION HTN LVMH patients have both impaired myocardial mechanics and decreased T2* values compared with HTN non-LVMH and normotensive groups. BOLD MRI could provide a feasible assessment modality for detecting altered T2* due to the change of de-oxygenated hemoglobin and hence to the change of signal intensity in oxygenation-sensitive images. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1297-1306.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Aolei An
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruo-Yang Shi
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Yao
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiani Hu
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Meng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - James Deen
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ankush Chandra
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jian-Rong Xu
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian-Ming Wu
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Fischer K, Yamaji K, Luescher S, Ueki Y, Jung B, von Tengg-Kobligk H, Windecker S, Friedrich MG, Eberle B, Guensch DP. Feasibility of cardiovascular magnetic resonance to detect oxygenation deficits in patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease triggered by breathing maneuvers. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2018; 20:31. [PMID: 29730991 PMCID: PMC5937049 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-018-0446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperventilation with a subsequent breath-hold has been successfully used as a non-pharmacological vasoactive stimulus to induce changes in myocardial oxygenation. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess if this maneuver is feasible in patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD), and if it is effective at detecting coronary artery stenosis > 50% determined by quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). METHODS Twenty-six patients with coronary artery stenosis (QCA > 50% diameter stenosis) underwent a contrast-free cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) exam in the time interval between their primary coronary angiography and a subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI, n = 24) or coronary artery bypass (CABG, n = 2) revascularization procedure. The CMR exam involved standard function imaging, myocardial strain analysis, T2 mapping, native T1 mapping and oxygenation-sensitive CMR (OS-CMR) imaging. During OS-CMR, participants performed a paced hyperventilation for 60s followed by a breath-hold to induce a vasoactive stimulus. Ten healthy subjects underwent the CMR protocol as the control group. RESULTS All CAD patients completed the breathing maneuvers with an average breath-hold duration of 48 ± 23 s following hyperventilation and without any complications or adverse effects. In comparison to healthy subjects, CAD patients had a significantly attenuated global myocardial oxygenation response to both hyperventilation (- 9.6 ± 6.8% vs. -3.1 ± 6.5%, p = 0.012) and apnea (11.3 ± 6.1% vs. 2.1 ± 4.4%, p < 0.001). The breath-hold maneuver unmasked regional oxygenation differences in territories subtended by a stenotic coronary artery in comparison to remote territory within the same patient (0.5 ± 3.8 vs. 3.8 ± 5.3%, p = 0.011). CONCLUSION Breathing maneuvers in conjunction with OS-CMR are clinically feasible in CAD patients. Furthermore, OS-CMR demonstrates myocardial oxygenation abnormalities in regional myocardium related to CAD without the use of pharmacologic vasodilators or contrast agents. A larger trial appears warranted for a better understanding of its diagnostic utility. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT02233634 , registered 8 September 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kady Fischer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC Canada
- Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kyohei Yamaji
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Luescher
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yasushi Ueki
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Jung
- Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk
- Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias G. Friedrich
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Balthasar Eberle
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominik P. Guensch
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Myocardial Infarction With No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: Angiographic and Clinical Insights in Patients With Premature Presentation. Can J Cardiol 2018; 34:468-476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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35
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Karamitsos TD. Mapping the Future of Myocardial Ischemia Testing With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 71:980-982. [PMID: 29495997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros D Karamitsos
- First Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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36
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Huelnhagen T, Ku MC, Reimann HM, Serradas Duarte T, Pohlmann A, Flemming B, Seeliger E, Eichhorn C, A Ferrari V, Prothmann M, Schulz-Menger J, Niendorf T. Myocardial Effective Transverse Relaxation Time T 2* is Elevated in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A 7.0 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3974. [PMID: 29507338 PMCID: PMC5838254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22439-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic disease of the myocardium and bares the risk of progression to heart failure or sudden cardiac death. Identifying patients at risk remains an unmet need. Recognizing the dependence of microscopic susceptibility on tissue microstructure and on cardiac macromorphology we hypothesized that myocardial T2* might be altered in HCM patients compared to healthy controls. To test this hypothesis, myocardial T2*-mapping was conducted at 7.0 Tesla to enhance T2*-contrast. 2D CINE T2*-mapping was performed in healthy controls and HCM patients. To ensure that T2* is not dominated by macroscopic magnetic field inhomogeneities, volume selective B0 shimming was applied. T2* changes in the interventricular septum across the cardiac cycle were analyzed together with left ventricular radius and ventricular septal wall thickness. The results show that myocardial T2* is elevated throughout the cardiac cycle in HCM patients compared to healthy controls. A mean septal T2* = 13.7 ± 1.1 ms (end-systole: T2*,systole = 15.0 ± 2.1, end-diastole: T2*,diastole = 13.4 ± 1.3 ms, T2*,systole/T2*,diastole ratio = 1.12) was observed in healthy controls. For HCM patients a mean septal T2* = 17.4 ± 1.4 ms (end-systole: T2*,systole = 17.7 ± 1.2 ms, end-diastole: T2*,diastole = 16.2 ± 2.5 ms, T2*,systole/T2*,diastole ratio = 1.09) was found. Our preliminary results provide encouragement that assessment of T2* and its changes across the cardiac cycle may benefit myocardial tissue characterization in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Huelnhagen
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Min-Chi Ku
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henning Matthias Reimann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Serradas Duarte
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bert Flemming
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erdmann Seeliger
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Eichhorn
- Statistical Sciences, Department of Information Technology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor A Ferrari
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Marcel Prothmann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Berlin, Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Berlin, Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Berlin, Germany.
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
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Piechnik SK, Neubauer S, Ferreira VM. State-of-the-art review: stress T1 mapping-technical considerations, pitfalls and emerging clinical applications. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 31:131-141. [PMID: 28914389 PMCID: PMC5813075 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-017-0649-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In vivo mapping of the myocardial T1 relaxation time has recently attained wide clinical validation of its potential utility. In this review, we address the basic principles of the T1 mapping techniques, with particular attention to the emerging application of vasodilatory stress agents to interrogate the myocardial microvascular compartment, and differences between commonly used T1 mapping methods when applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan K Piechnik
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Vanessa M Ferreira
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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Walther A, Rippe L, Wang LV, Andersson-Engels S, Kröll S. Analysis of the potential for non-invasive imaging of oxygenation at heart depth, using ultrasound optical tomography (UOT) or photo-acoustic tomography (PAT). BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:4523-4536. [PMID: 29082082 PMCID: PMC5654797 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.004523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite the important medical implications, it is currently an open task to find optical non-invasive techniques that can image deep organs in humans. Addressing this, photo-acoustic tomography (PAT) has received a great deal of attention in the past decade, owing to favorable properties like high contrast and high spatial resolution. However, even with optimal components PAT cannot penetrate beyond a few centimeters, which still presents an important limitation of the technique. Here, we calculate the absorption contrast levels for PAT and for ultrasound optical tomography (UOT) and compare them to their relevant noise sources as a function of imaging depth. The results indicate that a new development in optical filters, based on rare-earth-ion crystals, can push the UOT technique significantly ahead of PAT. Such filters allow the contrast-to-noise ratio for UOT to be up to three orders of magnitude better than for PAT at depths of a few cm into the tissue. It also translates into a significant increase of the image depth of UOT compared to PAT, enabling deep organs to be imaged in humans in real time. Furthermore, such spectral holeburning filters are not sensitive to speckle decorrelation from the tissue and can operate at nearly any angle of incident light, allowing good light collection. We theoretically demonstrate the improved performance in the medically important case of non-invasive optical imaging of the oxygenation level of the frontal part of the human myocardial tissue. Our results indicate that further studies on UOT are of interest and that the technique may have large impact on future directions of biomedical optics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Rippe
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 221 00 Lund,
Sweden
| | - Lihong V. Wang
- California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd., MC 138-78, Pasadena CA 91125,
USA
| | - Stefan Andersson-Engels
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, T12 R5CP,
Ireland
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, Cork,
Ireland
| | - Stefan Kröll
- Department of Physics, Lund University, 221 00 Lund,
Sweden
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39
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Arnold JR, Jerosch-Herold M, Karamitsos TD, Francis JM, Bhamra-Ariza P, Sarwar R, Choudhury R, Selvanayagam JB, Neubauer S. Detection of Coronary Stenosis at Rest Using BOLD-CMR. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2017; 10:600-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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40
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Foley JRJ, Plein S, Greenwood JP. Assessment of stable coronary artery disease by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: Current and emerging techniques. World J Cardiol 2017; 9:92-108. [PMID: 28289524 PMCID: PMC5329750 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i2.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is established in clinical practice guidelines with a growing evidence base supporting its use to aid the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected or established CAD. CMR is a multi-parametric imaging modality that yields high spatial resolution images that can be acquired in any plane for the assessment of global and regional cardiac function, myocardial perfusion and viability, tissue characterisation and coronary artery anatomy, all within a single study protocol and without exposure to ionising radiation. Advances in technology and acquisition techniques continue to progress the utility of CMR across a wide spectrum of cardiovascular disease, and the publication of large scale clinical trials continues to strengthen the role of CMR in daily cardiology practice. This article aims to review current practice and explore the future directions of multi-parametric CMR imaging in the investigation of stable CAD.
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41
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Roubille F, Fischer K, Guensch DP, Tardif JC, Friedrich MG. Impact of hyperventilation and apnea on myocardial oxygenation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea – An oxygenation-sensitive CMR study. J Cardiol 2017; 69:489-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Levelt E, Rodgers CT, Clarke WT, Mahmod M, Ariga R, Francis JM, Liu A, Wijesurendra RS, Dass S, Sabharwal N, Robson MD, Holloway CJ, Rider OJ, Clarke K, Karamitsos TD, Neubauer S. Cardiac energetics, oxygenation, and perfusion during increased workload in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 2016; 37:3461-3469. [PMID: 26392437 PMCID: PMC5201143 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are known to have impaired resting myocardial energetics and impaired myocardial perfusion reserve, even in the absence of obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease (CAD). Whether or not the pre-existing energetic deficit is exacerbated by exercise, and whether the impaired myocardial perfusion causes deoxygenation and further energetic derangement during exercise stress, is uncertain. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-one T2DM patients, on oral antidiabetic therapies with a mean HBA1c of 7.4 ± 1.3%, and 17 matched controls underwent adenosine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance for assessment of perfusion [myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI)] and oxygenation [blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal intensity change (SIΔ)]. Cardiac phosphorus-MR spectroscopy was performed at rest and during leg exercise. Significant CAD (>50% coronary stenosis) was excluded in all patients by coronary computed tomographic angiography. Resting phosphocreatine to ATP (PCr/ATP) was reduced by 17% in patients (1.74 ± 0.26, P = 0.001), compared with controls (2.07 ± 0.35); during exercise, there was a further 12% reduction in PCr/ATP (P = 0.005) in T2DM patients, but no change in controls. Myocardial perfusion and oxygenation were decreased in T2DM (MPRI 1.61 ± 0.43 vs. 2.11 ± 0.68 in controls, P = 0.002; BOLD SIΔ 7.3 ± 7.8 vs. 17.1 ± 7.2% in controls, P < 0.001). Exercise PCr/ATP correlated with MPRI (r = 0.50, P = 0.001) and BOLD SIΔ (r = 0.32, P = 0.025), but there were no correlations between rest PCr/ATP and MPRI or BOLD SIΔ. CONCLUSION The pre-existing energetic deficit in diabetic cardiomyopathy is exacerbated by exercise; stress PCr/ATP correlates with impaired perfusion and oxygenation. Our findings suggest that, in diabetes, coronary microvascular dysfunction exacerbates derangement of cardiac energetics under conditions of increased workload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eylem Levelt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher T Rodgers
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - William T Clarke
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Masliza Mahmod
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Rina Ariga
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jane M Francis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alexander Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Rohan S Wijesurendra
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Saira Dass
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | | | - Matthew D Robson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Cameron J Holloway
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Oliver J Rider
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Theodoros D Karamitsos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- 1st Department of Cardiology, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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Fischer K, Guensch DP, Shie N, Lebel J, Friedrich MG. Breathing Maneuvers as a Vasoactive Stimulus for Detecting Inducible Myocardial Ischemia - An Experimental Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164524. [PMID: 27741282 PMCID: PMC5065132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breathing maneuvers can elicit a similar vascular response as vasodilatory agents like adenosine; yet, their potential diagnostic utility in the presence of coronary artery stenosis is unknown. The objective of the study is to investigate if breathing maneuvers can non-invasively detect inducible ischemia in an experimental animal model when the myocardium is imaged with oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (OS-CMR). METHODS AND FINDINGS In 11 anesthetised swine with experimentally induced significant stenosis (fractional flow reserve <0.75) of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and 9 control animals, OS-CMR at 3T was performed during two different breathing maneuvers, a long breath-hold; and a combined maneuver of 60s of hyperventilation followed by a long breath-hold. The resulting change of myocardial oxygenation was compared to the invasive measurements of coronary blood flow, blood gases, and oxygen extraction. In control animals, all breathing maneuvers could significantly alter coronary blood flow as hyperventilation decreased coronary blood flow by 34±23%. A long breath-hold alone led to an increase of 97±88%, while the increase was 346±327% (p<0.001), when the long breath-hold was performed after hyperventilation. In stenosis animals, the coronary blood flow response was attenuated after both hyperventilation and the following breath-hold. This was matched by the observed oxygenation response as breath-holds following hyperventilation consistently yielded a significant difference in the signal of the MRI images between the perfusion territory of the stenosis LAD and remote myocardium. There was no difference between the coronary territories during the other breathing maneuvers or in the control group at any point. CONCLUSION In an experimental animal model, the response to a combined breathing maneuver of hyperventilation with subsequent breath-holding is blunted in myocardium subject to significant coronary artery stenosis. This maneuver may allow for detecting severe coronary artery stenosis and have a significant clinical potential as a non-pharmacological method for diagnostic testing in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kady Fischer
- Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- University Hospital Bern, Department Anaesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- University Hospital Bern, Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominik P Guensch
- Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- University Hospital Bern, Department Anaesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- University Hospital Bern, Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nancy Shie
- Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Lebel
- Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthias G Friedrich
- Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Departments of Medicine and Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Departments of Cardiac Sciences and Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Guensch DP, Nadeshalingam G, Fischer K, Stalder AF, Friedrich MG. The impact of hematocrit on oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2016; 18:42. [PMID: 27435406 PMCID: PMC4952059 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-016-0262-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygenation-sensitive (OS) Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) is a promising utility in the diagnosis of heart disease. Contrast in OS-CMR images is generated through deoxyhemoglobin in the tissue, which is negatively correlated with the signal intensity (SI). Thus, changing hematocrit levels may be a confounder in the interpretation of OS-CMR results. We hypothesized that hemodilution confounds the observed signal intensity in OS-CMR images. METHODS Venous and arterial blood from five pigs was diluted with lactated Ringer solution in 10 % increments to 50 %. The changes in signal intensity (SI) were compared to changes in blood gases and hemoglobin concentration. We performed an OS-CMR scan in 21 healthy volunteers using vasoactive breathing stimuli at baseline, which was then repeated after rapid infusion of 1 L of lactated Ringer's solution within 5-8 min. Changes of SI were measured and compared between the hydration states. RESULTS The % change in SI from baseline for arterial (r = -0.67, p < 0.0001) and venous blood (r = -0.55, p = 0.002) were negatively correlated with the changes in hemoglobin (Hb). SI changes in venous blood were also associated with SO2 (r = 0.68, p < 0.0001) and deoxyHb concentration (-0.65, p < 0.0001). In healthy volunteers, rapid infusion resulted in a significant drop in the hemoglobin concentration (142.5 ± 15.2 g/L vs. 128.8 ± 15.2 g/L; p < 0.0001). Baseline myocardial SI increased by 3.0 ± 5.7 % (p = 0.026) following rapid infusion, and in males there was a strong association between the change in hemoglobin concentration and % changes in SI (r = 0.82, p = 0.002). After hyperhydration, the SI response after hyperventilation was attenuated (HV, p = 0.037), as was the maximum SI increase during apnea (p = 0.012). The extent of SI attenuation was correlated with the reduction in hemoglobin concentration at the end of apnea (r = 0.55, p = 0.012) for all subjects and at maximal SI (r = 0.63, p = 0.037) and the end of breath-hold (r = 0.68, p = 0.016) for males only. CONCLUSION In dynamic studies using oxygenation-sensitive CMR, the hematocrit level affects baseline signal intensity and the observed signal intensity response. Thus, the hydration status of the patient may be a confounder for OS-CMR image analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik P. Guensch
- />Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
- />Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- />Instutite of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gobinath Nadeshalingam
- />Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Kady Fischer
- />Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
- />Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Matthias G. Friedrich
- />Philippa & Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
- />Department of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- />Departments of Cardiac Sciences and Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
- />Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada
- />Departments of Medicine and Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC Canada
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Panagia M, Chen YCI, Chen HH, Ernande L, Chen C, Chao W, Kwong K, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Sosnovik DE. Functional and anatomical characterization of brown adipose tissue in heart failure with blood oxygen level dependent magnetic resonance. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:978-984. [PMID: 27226402 PMCID: PMC4912044 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in obesity, insulin resistance and heart failure. The characterization of BAT in vivo, however, has been challenging. No technique to comprehensively image BAT anatomy and function has been described. Moreover, the impact on BAT of the neuroendocrine activation seen in heart failure has only recently begun to be evaluated in vivo. The aim of this study was to use MRI to characterize the impact of heart failure on the morphology and function of BAT. Mice subjected to permanent ligation of the left coronary artery were imaged with MRI 6 weeks later. T2 weighted MRI of BAT volume and blood oxygen level dependent MRI of BAT function were performed. T2 * maps of BAT were obtained at multiple time points before and after administration of the β3 adrenergic agonist CL 316 243 (CL). Blood flow to BAT was studied after CL injection using the flow alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) approach. Excised BAT tissue was analyzed for lipid droplet content and for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) mRNA expression. BAT volume was significantly lower in heart failure (51 ± 1 mm(3) versus 65 ± 3 mm(3) ; p < 0.05), and characterized by a reduction in lipid globules and a fourfold increase in UCP1 mRNA (p < 0.05). CL injection increased BAT T2 * in healthy animals but not in mice with heart failure (24 ± 4% versus 6 ± 2%; p < 0.01), consistent with an increase in flow in control BAT. This was confirmed by a significant difference in the FAIR response in BAT in control and heart failure mice. Heart failure results in the chronic activation of BAT, decreased BAT lipid stores and decreased BAT volume, and it is associated with a marked decrease in ability to respond to acute physiological stimuli. This may have important implications for substrate utilization and overall metabolic homeostasis in heart failure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Panagia
- Cardiology Section, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA
| | - Yin-Ching Iris Chen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA
| | - Howard H Chen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA
| | - Laura Ernande
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- DHU Ageing-Thorax-Vessel-Blood, Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Wei Chao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Kenneth Kwong
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA
| | | | - David E. Sosnovik
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA
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Huelnhagen T, Hezel F, Serradas Duarte T, Pohlmann A, Oezerdem C, Flemming B, Seeliger E, Prothmann M, Schulz-Menger J, Niendorf T. Myocardial effective transverse relaxation time T2* Correlates with left ventricular wall thickness: A 7.0 T MRI study. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:2381-2389. [PMID: 27342430 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Myocardial effective relaxation time T2* is commonly regarded as a surrogate for myocardial tissue oxygenation. However, it is legitimate to assume that there are multiple factors that influence T2*. To this end, this study investigates the relationship between T2* and cardiac macromorphology given by left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and left ventricular radius, and provides interpretation of the results in the physiological context. METHODS High spatio-temporally resolved myocardial CINE T2* mapping was performed in 10 healthy volunteers using a 7.0 Tesla (T) full-body MRI system. Ventricular septal wall thickness, left ventricular inner radius, and T2* were analyzed. Macroscopic magnetic field changes were elucidated using cardiac phase-resolved magnetic field maps. RESULTS Ventricular septal T2* changes periodically over the cardiac cycle, increasing in systole and decreasing in diastole. Ventricular septal wall thickness and T2* showed a significant positive correlation, whereas the inner LV radius and T2* were negatively correlated. The effect of macroscopic magnetic field gradients on T2* can be considered minor in the ventricular septum. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that myocardial T2* is related to tissue blood volume fraction. Temporally resolved T2* mapping could be beneficial for myocardial tissue characterization and for understanding cardiac (patho)physiology in vivo. Magn Reson Med 77:2381-2389, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Huelnhagen
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Hezel
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Serradas Duarte
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Celal Oezerdem
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bert Flemming
- Institute of Physiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erdmann Seeliger
- Institute of Physiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Prothmann
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
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Pennell DJ, Baksi AJ, Prasad SK, Raphael CE, Kilner PJ, Mohiaddin RH, Alpendurada F, Babu-Narayan SV, Schneider J, Firmin DN. Review of Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2014. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015; 17:99. [PMID: 26589839 PMCID: PMC4654908 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-015-0203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There were 102 articles published in the Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (JCMR) in 2014, which is a 6% decrease on the 109 articles published in 2013. The quality of the submissions continues to increase. The 2013 JCMR Impact Factor (which is published in June 2014) fell to 4.72 from 5.11 for 2012 (as published in June 2013). The 2013 impact factor means that the JCMR papers that were published in 2011 and 2012 were cited on average 4.72 times in 2013. The impact factor undergoes natural variation according to citation rates of papers in the 2 years following publication, and is significantly influenced by highly cited papers such as official reports. However, the progress of the journal's impact over the last 5 years has been impressive. Our acceptance rate is <25% and has been falling because the number of articles being submitted has been increasing. In accordance with Open-Access publishing, the JCMR articles go on-line as they are accepted with no collating of the articles into sections or special thematic issues. For this reason, the Editors have felt that it is useful once per calendar year to summarize the papers for the readership into broad areas of interest or theme, so that areas of interest can be reviewed in a single article in relation to each other and other recent JCMR articles. The papers are presented in broad themes and set in context with related literature and previously published JCMR papers to guide continuity of thought in the journal. We hope that you find the open-access system increases wider reading and citation of your papers, and that you will continue to send your quality papers to JCMR for publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Pennell
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - A J Baksi
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - S K Prasad
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - C E Raphael
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - P J Kilner
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - R H Mohiaddin
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - F Alpendurada
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - S V Babu-Narayan
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - J Schneider
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - D N Firmin
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
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Guensch DP, Fischer K, Shie N, Lebel J, Friedrich MG. Hyperoxia Exacerbates Myocardial Ischemia in the Presence of Acute Coronary Artery Stenosis in Swine. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2015; 8:e002928. [DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.115.002928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik P. Guensch
- From the Philippa and Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (D.P.G., K.F., N.S., J.L., M.G.F.); Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland (D.P.G., K.F.); and Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada (M.G.F.)
| | - Kady Fischer
- From the Philippa and Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (D.P.G., K.F., N.S., J.L., M.G.F.); Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland (D.P.G., K.F.); and Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada (M.G.F.)
| | - Nancy Shie
- From the Philippa and Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (D.P.G., K.F., N.S., J.L., M.G.F.); Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland (D.P.G., K.F.); and Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada (M.G.F.)
| | - Julie Lebel
- From the Philippa and Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (D.P.G., K.F., N.S., J.L., M.G.F.); Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland (D.P.G., K.F.); and Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada (M.G.F.)
| | - Matthias G. Friedrich
- From the Philippa and Marvin Carsley CMR Centre at the Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (D.P.G., K.F., N.S., J.L., M.G.F.); Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland (D.P.G., K.F.); and Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada (M.G.F.)
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Parnham S, Gleadle JM, Bangalore S, Grover S, Perry R, Woodman RJ, De Pasquale CG, Selvanayagam JB. Impaired Myocardial Oxygenation Response to Stress in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e002249. [PMID: 26260054 PMCID: PMC4599475 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease and left ventricular hypertrophy are prevalent in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal transplant (RT) population. Advances in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) technique provides capability to assess myocardial oxygenation as a measure of ischemia. We hypothesized that the myocardial oxygenation response to stress would be impaired in CKD and RT patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty-three subjects (23 subjects with CKD, 10 RT recipients, 10 hypertensive (HT) controls, and 10 normal controls without known coronary artery disease) underwent CMR scanning. All groups had cine and BOLD CMR at 3 T. The RT and HT groups also had late gadolinium CMR to assess infarction/replacement fibrosis. The CKD group underwent 2-dimensional echocardiography strain to assess fibrosis. Myocardial oxygenation was measured at rest and under stress with adenosine (140 μg/kg per minute) using BOLD signal intensity. A total of 2898 myocardial segments (1200 segments in CKD patients, 552 segments in RT, 480 segments in HT, and 666 segments in normal controls) were compared using linear mixed modeling. Diabetes mellitus (P=0.47) and hypertension (P=0.57) were similar between CKD, RT, and HT groups. The mean BOLD signal intensity change was significantly lower in the CKD and RT groups compared to HT controls and normal controls (-0.89±10.63% in CKD versus 5.66±7.87% in RT versus 15.54±9.58% in HT controls versus 16.19±11.11% in normal controls, P<0.0001). BOLD signal intensity change was associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (β=0.16, 95% CI=0.10 to 0.22, P<0.0001). Left ventricular mass index and left ventricular septal wall diameter were similar between the CKD predialysis, RT, and HT groups. None of the CKD patients had impaired global longitudinal strain and none of the RT group had late gadolinium hyperenhancement. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial oxygenation response to stress is impaired in CKD patients and RT recipients without known coronary artery disease, and unlikely to be solely accounted for by the presence of diabetes mellitus, left ventricular hypertrophy, or myocardial scarring. The impaired myocardial oxygenation in CKD patients may be associated with declining renal function. Noncontrast BOLD CMR is a promising tool for detecting myocardial ischemia in the CKD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Parnham
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., S.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.) School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., J.M.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.) South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.P., S.G., J.B.S.)
| | - Jonathan M Gleadle
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (J.M.G.) School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., J.M.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.)
| | - Sripal Bangalore
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Cardiovascular Outcomes Group, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY (S.B.)
| | - Suchi Grover
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., S.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.) South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.P., S.G., J.B.S.)
| | - Rebecca Perry
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., S.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.) School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., J.M.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.)
| | - Richard J Woodman
- Flinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (R.J.W.)
| | - Carmine G De Pasquale
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., S.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.) School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., J.M.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.)
| | - Joseph B Selvanayagam
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., S.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.) School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia (S.P., J.M.G., R.P., C.G.D.P., J.B.S.) South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.P., S.G., J.B.S.)
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50
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Corcoran D, Berry C, Oldroyd K. Current frontiers in the clinical research of coronary physiology. Interv Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/ica.14.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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