1
|
Erdogan MA, Nesil P, Altuntas I, Sirin C, Uyanikgil Y, Erbas O. Amelioration of propionic acid-induced autism spectrum disorder in rats through dapagliflozin: The role of IGF-1/IGFBP-3 and the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Neuroscience 2024; 554:16-25. [PMID: 39004410 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The biological effects of dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, reveal its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting therapeutic benefits beyond glycemic control. This study explores the neuroprotective effects of dapagliflozin in a rat model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) induced by propionic acid (PPA), characterized by social interaction deficits, communication challenges, repetitive behaviors, cognitive impairments, and oxidative stress. Our research aims to find effective treatments for ASD, a condition with limited therapeutic options and significant impacts on individuals and families. PPA induces ASD-like symptoms in rodents, mimicking biochemical and behavioral features of human ASD. This study explores dapagliflozin's potential to mitigate these symptoms, providing insights into novel therapeutic avenues. The findings demonstrate that dapagliflozin enhances the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathway and increases levels of neurotrophic and growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). Additionally, dapagliflozin reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), and decreases the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA). Dapagliflozin's antioxidant properties support cognitive functions by modulating apoptotic mechanisms and enhancing antioxidant capacity. These combined effects contribute to reducing learning and memory impairments in PPA-induced ASD, highlighting dapagliflozin's potential as an adjunctive therapy for oxidative stress and inflammation-related cognitive decline in ASD. This study underscores the importance of exploring new therapeutic strategies targeting molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of ASD, potentially improving the quality of life for individuals affected by this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Physiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Pemra Nesil
- Okan University, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Cansın Sirin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yigit Uyanikgil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oytun Erbas
- Demiroglu Bilim University, Department of Physiology, İstanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
NMDARs antagonist MK801 suppresses LPS-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating subunits of NMDARs via the CaM/CaMKII/ERK pathway. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:59. [PMID: 36774369 PMCID: PMC9922289 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) displays a robust immunostimulatory ability upon Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) recognition. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are highly compartmentalized in most cells and implicated in various inflammatory disorders. However, the relationship between TLR4 and NMDARs has not been explored deeply. This study aimed to examine the role of NMDARs and its specific inhibitor MK801 in LPS-treated endothelial cell dysfunction and the related mechanism in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that pre-treatment with MK801 significantly decreased LPS-induced cell death, cellular Ca2+, cellular reactive oxygen species, and glutamate efflux. Moreover, MK801 restrained LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. The oxygen consumption, basal and maximal respiration rate, and ATP production in LPS-treated HUVECs were reversed by MK801 via regulating ATP synthesis-related protein SDHB2, MTCO1, and ATP5A. The molecular pathway involved in MK801-regulated LPS injury was mediated by phosphorylation of CaMKII and ERK and the expression of MCU, MCUR1, and TLR4. LPS-decreased permeability in HUVECs was improved by MK801 via the Erk/ZO-1/occluding/Cx43 axis. Co-immunoprecipitation assay and western blotting showed three subtypes of NMDARs, NMDAζ1, NMDAε2, and NMDAε4 were bound explicitly to TLR4, suppressed by LPS, and promoted by MK801. Deficiency of NMDAζ1, NMDAε2, or NMDAε4 induced cell apoptosis, Ca2+ uptake, ROS production, and decreased basal and maximal respiration rate, and ATP production, suggesting that NMDARs integrity is vital for cell and mitochondrial function. In vivo investigation showed MK801 improved impairment of vascular permeability, especially in the lung and mesentery in LPS-injured mice. Our study displayed a novel mechanism and utilization of MK801 in LPS-induced ECs injury and permeability.
Collapse
|
3
|
Stone TW, Clanchy FIL, Huang YS, Chiang NY, Darlington LG, Williams RO. An integrated cytokine and kynurenine network as the basis of neuroimmune communication. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1002004. [PMID: 36507331 PMCID: PMC9729788 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1002004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of the molecular families closely associated with mediating communication between the brain and immune system are cytokines and the kynurenine metabolites of tryptophan. Both groups regulate neuron and glial activity in the central nervous system (CNS) and leukocyte function in the immune system, although neither group alone completely explains neuroimmune function, disease occurrence or severity. This essay suggests that the two families perform complementary functions generating an integrated network. The kynurenine pathway determines overall neuronal excitability and plasticity by modulating glutamate receptors and GPR35 activity across the CNS, and regulates general features of immune cell status, surveillance and tolerance which often involves the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR). Equally, cytokines and chemokines define and regulate specific populations of neurons, glia or immune system leukocytes, generating more specific responses within restricted CNS regions or leukocyte populations. In addition, as there is a much larger variety of these compounds, their homing properties enable the superimposition of dynamic variations of cell activity upon local, spatially limited, cell populations. This would in principle allow the targeting of potential treatments to restricted regions of the CNS. The proposed synergistic interface of 'tonic' kynurenine pathway affecting baseline activity and the superimposed 'phasic' cytokine system would constitute an integrated network explaining some features of neuroimmune communication. The concept would broaden the scope for the development of new treatments for disorders involving both the CNS and immune systems, with safer and more effective agents targeted to specific CNS regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W. Stone
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Trevor W. Stone,
| | - Felix I. L. Clanchy
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Shu Huang
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nien-Yi Chiang
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L. Gail Darlington
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ashtead Hospital, Ashtead, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O. Williams
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chavda V, Singh K, Patel V, Mishra M, Mishra AK. Neuronal Glial Crosstalk: Specific and Shared Mechanisms in Alzheimer’s Disease. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12010075. [PMID: 35053818 PMCID: PMC8773743 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain maintains billions of neurons functional across the lifespan of the individual. The glial, supportive cells of the brain are indispensable to neuron elasticity. They undergo various states (active, reactive, macrophage, primed, resting) and carefully impose either quick repair or the cleaning of injured neurons to avoid damage extension. Identifying the failure of these interactions involving the relation of the input of glial cells to the inception and/or progression of chronic neurodegenerative diseases (ND) is crucial in identifying therapeutic options, given the well-built neuro-immune module of these diseases. In the present review, we scrutinize different interactions and important factors including direct cell–cell contact, intervention by the CD200 system, various receptors present on their surfaces, CXC3RI and TREM2, and chemokines and cytokines with special reference to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The present review of the available literature will elucidate the contribution of microglia and astrocytes to the pathophysiology of AD, thus evidencing glial cells as obligatory transducers of pathology and superlative targets for interference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Chavda
- Division of Anesthesia, Dreamzz IVF Center and Women’s Care Hospital, Ahmedabad 382350, Gujarat, India;
| | - Kavita Singh
- Centre for Translational Research, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, Madhya Pradesh, India;
| | - Vimal Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
| | - Meerambika Mishra
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (A.K.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sood A, Preeti K, Fernandes V, Khatri DK, Singh SB. Glia: A major player in glutamate-GABA dysregulation-mediated neurodegeneration. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:3148-3189. [PMID: 34748682 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance between glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) results in the loss of synaptic strength leading to neurodegeneration. The dogma on the field considered neurons as the main players in this excitation-inhibition (E/I) balance. However, current strategies focusing only on neurons have failed to completely understand this condition, bringing up the importance of glia as an alternative modulator for neuroinflammation as glia alter the activity of neurons and is a source of both neurotrophic and neurotoxic factors. This review's primary goal is to illustrate the role of glia over E/I balance in the central nervous system and its interaction with neurons. Rather than focusing only on the neuronal targets, we take a deeper look at glial receptors and proteins that could also be explored as drug targets, as they are early responders to neurotoxic insults. This review summarizes the neuron-glia interaction concerning GABA and glutamate, possible targets, and its involvement in the E/I imbalance in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anika Sood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Kumari Preeti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Valencia Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Prasad JD, Gunn KC, Davidson JO, Galinsky R, Graham SE, Berry MJ, Bennet L, Gunn AJ, Dean JM. Anti-Inflammatory Therapies for Treatment of Inflammation-Related Preterm Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4008. [PMID: 33924540 PMCID: PMC8069827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the prevalence of preterm brain injury, there are no established neuroprotective strategies to prevent or alleviate mild-to-moderate inflammation-related brain injury. Perinatal infection and inflammation have been shown to trigger acute neuroinflammation, including proinflammatory cytokine release and gliosis, which are associated with acute and chronic disturbances in brain cell survival and maturation. These findings suggest the hypothesis that the inhibition of peripheral immune responses following infection or nonspecific inflammation may be a therapeutic strategy to reduce the associated brain injury and neurobehavioral deficits. This review provides an overview of the neonatal immunity, neuroinflammation, and mechanisms of inflammation-related brain injury in preterm infants and explores the safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents as potentially neurotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaya D. Prasad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (J.D.P.); (K.C.G.); (J.O.D.); (L.B.); (A.J.G.)
| | - Katherine C. Gunn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (J.D.P.); (K.C.G.); (J.O.D.); (L.B.); (A.J.G.)
| | - Joanne O. Davidson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (J.D.P.); (K.C.G.); (J.O.D.); (L.B.); (A.J.G.)
| | - Robert Galinsky
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Scott E. Graham
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Mary J. Berry
- Department of Pediatrics and Health Care, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand;
| | - Laura Bennet
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (J.D.P.); (K.C.G.); (J.O.D.); (L.B.); (A.J.G.)
| | - Alistair J. Gunn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (J.D.P.); (K.C.G.); (J.O.D.); (L.B.); (A.J.G.)
| | - Justin M. Dean
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (J.D.P.); (K.C.G.); (J.O.D.); (L.B.); (A.J.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alvarez Cooper I, Beecher K, Chehrehasa F, Belmer A, Bartlett SE. Tumour Necrosis Factor in Neuroplasticity, Neurogenesis and Alcohol Use Disorder. Brain Plast 2020; 6:47-66. [PMID: 33680846 PMCID: PMC7903009 DOI: 10.3233/bpl-190095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is a pervasive and detrimental condition that involves changes in neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Alcohol activates the neuroimmune system and alters the inflammatory status of the brain. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a well characterised neuroimmune signal but its involvement in alcohol use disorder is unknown. In this review, we discuss the variable findings of TNF's effect on neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Acute ethanol exposure reduces TNF release while chronic alcohol intake generally increases TNF levels. Evidence suggests TNF potentiates excitatory transmission, promotes anxiety during alcohol withdrawal and is involved in drug use in rodents. An association between craving for alcohol and TNF is apparent during withdrawal in humans. While anti-inflammatory therapies show efficacy in reversing neurogenic deficit after alcohol exposure, there is no evidence for TNF's essential involvement in alcohol's effect on neurogenesis. Overall, defining TNF's role in alcohol use disorder is complicated by poor understanding of its variable effects on synaptic transmission and neurogenesis. While TNF may be of relevance during withdrawal, the neuroimmune system likely acts through a larger group of inflammatory cytokines to alter neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Understanding the individual relevance of TNF in alcohol use disorder awaits a more comprehensive understanding of TNF's effects within the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignatius Alvarez Cooper
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kate Beecher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Chehrehasa
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Arnauld Belmer
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Selena E. Bartlett
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cho KHT, Zeng N, Anekal PV, Xu B, Fraser M. Effects of delayed intraventricular TLR7 agonist administration on long-term neurological outcome following asphyxia in the preterm fetal sheep. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6904. [PMID: 32327682 PMCID: PMC7181613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the preterm brain, accumulating evidence suggests toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key mediators of the downstream inflammatory pathways triggered by hypoxia-ischemia (HI), which have the potential to exacerbate or ameliorate injury. Recently we demonstrated that central acute administration of the TLR7 agonist Gardiquimod (GDQ) confers neuroprotection in the preterm fetal sheep at 3 days post-asphyxial recovery. However, it is unknown whether GDQ can afford long-term protection. To address this, we examined the long-term effects of GDQ. Briefly, fetal sheep (0.7 gestation) received sham asphyxia or asphyxia induced by umbilical cord occlusion, and were studied for 7 days recovery. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of GDQ (total dose 3.34 mg) or vehicle was performed from 1-4 hours after asphyxia. GDQ was associated with a robust increase in concentration of tumor necrosis factor-(TNF)-α in the fetal plasma, and interleukin-(IL)-10 in both the fetal plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. GDQ did not significantly change the number of total and immature/mature oligodendrocytes within the periventricular and intragyral white matter. No changes were observed in astroglial and microglial numbers and proliferating cells in both white matter regions. GDQ increased neuronal survival in the CA4 region of the hippocampus, but was associated with exacerbated neuronal injury within the caudate nucleus. In conclusion, our data suggest delayed acute ICV administration of GDQ after severe HI in the developing brain may not support long-term neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta H T Cho
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nina Zeng
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Praju V Anekal
- Biomedical Imaging Research Unit, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mhoyra Fraser
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Balzano T, Arenas YM, Dadsetan S, Forteza J, Gil-Perotin S, Cubas-Nuñez L, Casanova B, Gracià F, Varela-Andrés N, Montoliu C, Llansola M, Felipo V. Sustained hyperammonemia induces TNF-a IN Purkinje neurons by activating the TNFR1-NF-κB pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:70. [PMID: 32087723 PMCID: PMC7035786 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01746-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with liver cirrhosis may develop hepatic encephalopathy. Rats with chronic hyperammonemia exhibit neurological alterations mediated by peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation. Motor incoordination is due to increased TNF-a levels and activation of its receptor TNFR1 in the cerebellum. The aims were to assess (a) whether peripheral inflammation is responsible for TNF-a induction in hyperammonemic rats, (b) the cell type(s) in which TNF-a is increased, (c) whether this increase is associated with increased nuclear NF-κB and TNFR1 activation, (d) the time course of TNF-a induction, and (e) if TNF-a is induced in the Purkinje neurons of patients who die with liver cirrhosis. Methods We analyzed the level of TNF-a mRNA and NF-κB in microglia, astrocytes, and Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of hyperammonemia. We assessed whether preventing peripheral inflammation by administering an anti-TNF-a antibody prevents TNF-a induction. We tested whether TNF-a induction is reversed by R7050, which inhibits the TNFR1-NF-κB pathway, in ex vivo cerebellar slices. Results Hyperammonemia induced microglial and astrocyte activation at 1 week. This was followed by TNF-a induction in both glial cell types at 2 weeks and in Purkinje neurons at 4 weeks. The level of TNF-a mRNA increased in parallel with the TNF-a protein level, indicating that TNF-a was synthesized in Purkinje cells. This increase was associated with increased NF-κB nuclear translocation. The nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the increase in TNF-a were reversed by R7050, indicating that they were mediated by the activation of TNFR1. Preventing peripheral inflammation with an anti-TNF-a antibody prevents TNF-a induction. Conclusion Sustained (4 weeks) but not short-term hyperammonemia induces TNF-a in Purkinje neurons in rats. This is mediated by peripheral inflammation. TNF-a is also increased in the Purkinje neurons of patients who die with liver cirrhosis. The results suggest that hyperammonemia induces TNF-a in glial cells and that TNF-a released by glial cells activates TNFR1 in Purkinje neurons, leading to NF-κB nuclear translocation and the induction of TNF-a expression, which may contribute to the neurological alterations observed in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Balzano
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo-Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yaiza M Arenas
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo-Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sherry Dadsetan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo-Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Forteza
- Instituto Valenciano de Patología, Unidad Mixta de Patología Molecular, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe/Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Gil-Perotin
- Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Fundación para la Investigación La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Cubas-Nuñez
- Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Fundación para la Investigación La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Casanova
- Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Research Group, Fundación para la Investigación La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Gracià
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo-Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Natalia Varela-Andrés
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo-Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmina Montoliu
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria INCLIVA, Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Llansola
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo-Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo-Yufera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Protective effects of delayed intraventricular TLR7 agonist administration on cerebral white and gray matter following asphyxia in the preterm fetal sheep. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9562. [PMID: 31267031 PMCID: PMC6606639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm brain injury is highly associated with inflammation, which is likely related in part to sterile responses to hypoxia-ischemia. We have recently shown that neuroprotection with inflammatory pre-conditioning in the immature brain is associated with induction of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7). We therefore tested the hypothesis that central administration of a synthetic TLR7 agonist, gardiquimod (GDQ), after severe hypoxia-ischemia in preterm-equivalent fetal sheep would improve white and gray matter recovery. Fetal sheep at 0.7 of gestation received sham asphyxia or asphyxia induced by umbilical cord occlusion for 25 minutes, followed by a continuous intracerebroventricular infusion of GDQ or vehicle from 1 to 4 hours (total dose 1.8 mg/kg). Sheep were killed 72 hours after asphyxia for histology. GDQ significantly improved survival of immature and mature oligodendrocytes (2′,3′-cyclic-nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase, CNPase) and total oligodendrocytes (oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2, Olig-2) within the periventricular and intragyral white matter. There were reduced numbers of cells showing cleaved caspase-3 positive apoptosis and astrogliosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) in both white matter regions. Neuronal survival was increased in the dentate gyrus, caudate and medial thalamic nucleus. Central infusion of GDQ was associated with a robust increase in fetal plasma concentrations of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, interferon-β (IFN-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), with no significant change in the concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, delayed administration of the TLR7 agonist, GDQ, after severe hypoxia-ischemia in the developing brain markedly ameliorated white and gray matter damage, in association with upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. These data strongly support the hypothesis that modulation of secondary inflammation may be a viable therapeutic target for injury of the preterm brain.
Collapse
|
11
|
Dunn GA, Nigg JT, Sullivan EL. Neuroinflammation as a risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 182:22-34. [PMID: 31103523 PMCID: PMC6855401 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a persistent, and impairing pediatric-onset neurodevelopmental condition. Its high prevalence, and recurrent controversy over its widespread identification and treatment, drive strong interest in its etiology and mechanisms. Emerging evidence for a role for neuroinflammation in ADHD pathophysiology is of great interest. This evidence includes 1) the above-chance comorbidity of ADHD with inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, 2) initial studies indicating an association with ADHD and increased serum cytokines, 3) preliminary evidence from genetic studies demonstrating associations between polymorphisms in genes associated with inflammatory pathways and ADHD, 4) emerging evidence that early life exposure to environmental factors may increase risk for ADHD via an inflammatory mechanism, and 5) mechanistic evidence from animal models of maternal immune activation documenting behavioral and neural outcomes consistent with ADHD. Prenatal exposure to inflammation is associated with changes in offspring brain development including reductions in cortical gray matter volume and the volume of certain cortical areas -parallel to observations associated with ADHD. Alterations in neurotransmitter systems, including the dopaminergic, serotonergic and glutamatergic systems, are observed in ADHD populations. Animal models provide strong evidence that development and function of these neurotransmitters systems are sensitive to exposure to in utero inflammation. In summary, accumulating evidence from human studies and animal models, while still incomplete, support a potential role for neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Confirmation of this association and the underlying mechanisms have become valuable targets for research. If confirmed, such a picture may be important in opening new intervention routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel T Nigg
- Oregon Health and Science University, United States of America
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- University of Oregon, United States of America; Oregon Health and Science University, United States of America; Oregon National Primate Research Center, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cho KHT, Xu B, Blenkiron C, Fraser M. Emerging Roles of miRNAs in Brain Development and Perinatal Brain Injury. Front Physiol 2019; 10:227. [PMID: 30984006 PMCID: PMC6447777 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In human beings the immature brain is highly plastic and depending on the stage of gestation is particularly vulnerable to a range of insults that if sufficiently severe, can result in long-term motor, cognitive and behavioral impairment. With improved neonatal care, the incidence of major motor deficits such as cerebral palsy has declined with prematurity. Unfortunately, however, milder forms of injury characterized by diffuse non-cystic white matter lesions within the periventricular region and surrounding white matter, involving loss of oligodendrocyte progenitors and subsequent axonal hypomyelination as the brain matures have not. Existing therapeutic options for treatment of preterm infants have proved inadequate, partly owing to an incomplete understanding of underlying post-injury cellular and molecular changes that lead to poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. This has reinforced the need to improve our understanding of brain plasticity, explore novel solutions for the development of protective strategies, and identify biomarkers. Compelling evidence exists supporting the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, as important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression with functions including cell fate specification and plasticity of synaptic connections. Importantly, miRNAs are differentially expressed following brain injury, and can be packaged within exosomes/extracellular vesicles, which play a pivotal role in assuring their intercellular communication and passage across the blood-brain barrier. Indeed, an increasing number of investigations have examined the roles of specific miRNAs following injury and regeneration and it is apparent that this field of research could potentially identify protective therapeutic strategies to ameliorate perinatal brain injury. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings of some important miRNAs in relation to the development of the brain, their dysregulation, functions and regulatory roles following brain injury, and discuss how these can be targeted either as biomarkers of injury or neuroprotective agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Hyeon Tae Cho
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Health and Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Health and Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cherie Blenkiron
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical Health and Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mhoyra Fraser
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Health and Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gussenhoven R, Westerlaken RJJ, Ophelders DRMG, Jobe AH, Kemp MW, Kallapur SG, Zimmermann LJ, Sangild PT, Pankratova S, Gressens P, Kramer BW, Fleiss B, Wolfs TGAM. Chorioamnionitis, neuroinflammation, and injury: timing is key in the preterm ovine fetus. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:113. [PMID: 29673373 PMCID: PMC5907370 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antenatal infection (i.e., chorioamnionitis) is an important risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes after preterm birth. Destructive and developmental disturbances of the white matter are hallmarks of preterm brain injury. Understanding the temporal effects of antenatal infection in relation to the onset of neurological injury is crucial for the development of neurotherapeutics for preterm infants. However, these dynamics remain unstudied. Methods Time-mated ewes were intra-amniotically injected with lipopolysaccharide at 5, 12, or 24 h or 2, 4, 8, or 15 days before preterm delivery at 125 days gestational age (term ~ 150 days). Post mortem analyses for peripheral immune activation, neuroinflammation, and white matter/neuronal injury were performed. Moreover, considering the neuroprotective potential of erythropoietin (EPO) for perinatal brain injury, we evaluated (phosphorylated) EPO receptor (pEPOR) expression in the fetal brain following LPS exposure. Results Intra-amniotic exposure to this single bolus of LPS resulted in a biphasic systemic IL-6 and IL-8 response. In the developing brain, intra-amniotic LPS exposure induces a persistent microgliosis (IBA-1 immunoreactivity) but a shorter-lived increase in the pro-inflammatory marker COX-2. Cell death (caspase-3 immunoreactivity) was only observed when LPS exposure was greater than 8 days in the white matter, and there was a reduction in the number of (pre) oligodendrocytes (Olig2- and PDGFRα-positive cells) within the white matter at 15 days post LPS exposure only. pEPOR expression displayed a striking biphasic regulation following LPS exposure which may help explain contradicting results among clinical trials that tested EPO for the prevention of preterm brain injury. Conclusion We provide increased understanding of the spatiotemporal pathophysiological changes in the preterm brain following intra-amniotic inflammation which may aid development of new interventions or implement interventions more effectively to prevent perinatal brain damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Gussenhoven
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J J Westerlaken
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daan R M G Ophelders
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229, ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alan H Jobe
- Division of Neonatology/Pulmonary Biology, The Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45208, USA
| | - Matthew W Kemp
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia (M550), Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Suhas G Kallapur
- Division of Neonatology/Pulmonary Biology, The Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45208, USA
| | - Luc J Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229, ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Per T Sangild
- Department of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg DK 1870 C, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Departments of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Stanislava Pankratova
- Department of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg DK 1870 C, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Departments of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,PremUP, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Boris W Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229, ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bobbi Fleiss
- Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK.,PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,PremUP, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Tim G A M Wolfs
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,School of Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229, ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands. .,Department of BioMedical Engineering, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Alleviates Bacterial-Induced Neuronal Apoptotic Damage in the Neonatal Rat Brain through Epigenetic Histone Modification. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9797146. [PMID: 29484107 PMCID: PMC5816840 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9797146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial meningitis during the perinatal period may cause long-term neurological deficits. The study investigated whether bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from E. coli. led to neuronal apoptosis with an impaired performance of long-term cognitive function involving the activation of histone modification in the TNF-α gene promoter. Further, we looked into the therapeutic efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a neonatal brain suffering from perinatal bacterial meningitis. We applied the following research techniques: neurobehavioral tasks, confocal laser microscopy, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting. At postnatal day 10, the animals were subjected to LPS and/or G-CSF. The target brain tissues were then collected at P17. Some animals (P45) were studied using neurobehavioral tasks. The LPS-injected group revealed significantly increased expression of NF-κB phosphorylation and trimethylated H3K4 in the TNFA gene promoter locus. Furthermore, the caspase-3, neuronal apoptosis expression, and an impaired performance in cognitive functions were also found in our study. Such deleterious outcomes described above were markedly alleviated by G-CSF therapy. This study suggests that selective therapeutic action sites of G-CSF through epigenetic regulation in the TNFA gene promoter locus may exert a potentially beneficial role for the neonatal brain suffering from perinatal bacterial-induced meningitis.
Collapse
|
15
|
Cui J, Yu S, Li Y, Li P, Liu F. Direct binding of Toll-like receptor 4 to ionotropic glutamate receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate subunit 1 induced by lipopolysaccharide in microglial cells N9 and EOC 20. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:1323-1330. [PMID: 29286078 PMCID: PMC5819937 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the primary immune cells in the brain, are the predominant cells regulating inflammation-mediated neuronal damage. In response to immunological challenges, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), microglia are activated and the inflammatory process is subsequently initiated. The aim of the present study was to determine whether LPS induces interactions between the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the ionotropic glutamate receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate subunit 1 (GluN1) in N9 and EOC 20 microglial cells. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated co-localization of TLR4 and GluN1 in response to LPS, and the direct binding of TLR4 and GluN1 was further validated by antibody-based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer technology. Inhibition of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 with its selective antagonist, MTEP, abolished LPS-induced direct binding of TLR4 to GluN1. Therefore, these data demonstrated that GluN1 and TLR4 act reciprocally in response to LPS in N9 and EOC 20 microglial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of The Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of The Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of The Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of The Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of The Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Olmo IG, Carvalho TG, Costa VV, Alves-Silva J, Ferrari CZ, Izidoro-Toledo TC, da Silva JF, Teixeira AL, Souza DG, Marques JT, Teixeira MM, Vieira LB, Ribeiro FM. Zika Virus Promotes Neuronal Cell Death in a Non-Cell Autonomous Manner by Triggering the Release of Neurotoxic Factors. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1016. [PMID: 28878777 PMCID: PMC5572413 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently caused a worldwide outbreak of infections associated with severe neurological complications, including microcephaly in infants born from infected mothers. ZIKV exhibits high neurotropism and promotes neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death. We have recently demonstrated that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) blockade by memantine prevents ZIKV-induced neuronal cell death. Here, we show that ZIKV induces apoptosis in a non-cell autonomous manner, triggering cell death of uninfected neurons by releasing cytotoxic factors. Neuronal cultures infected with ZIKV exhibit increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and glutamate. Moreover, infected neurons exhibit increased expression of GluN2B and augmented intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Blockade of GluN2B-containing NMDAR by ifenprodil normalizes Ca2+ levels and rescues neuronal cell death. Notably, TNF-α and IL-1β blockade decreases ZIKV-induced Ca2+ flux through GluN2B-containing NMDARs and reduces neuronal cell death, indicating that these cytokines might contribute to NMDAR sensitization and neurotoxicity. In addition, ZIKV-infected cultures treated with ifenprodil exhibits increased activation of the neuroprotective pathway including extracellular signal-regulated kinase and cAMP response element-binding protein, which may underlie ifenprodil-mediated neuroprotection. Together, our data shed some light on the neurotoxic mechanisms triggered by ZIKV and begin to elucidate how GluN2B-containing NMDAR blockade can prevent neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella G Olmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Toniana G Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vivian V Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiane C Izidoro-Toledo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio L Teixeira
- Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, UT Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Joao T Marques
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiola M Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sühs KW, Gudi V, Eckermann N, Fairless R, Pul R, Skripuletz T, Stangel M. Cytokine regulation by modulation of the NMDA receptor on astrocytes. Neurosci Lett 2016; 629:227-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
18
|
Anaparti V, Pascoe CD, Jha A, Mahood TH, Ilarraza R, Unruh H, Moqbel R, Halayko AJ. Tumor necrosis factor regulates NMDA receptor-mediated airway smooth muscle contractile function and airway responsiveness. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L467-80. [PMID: 27371735 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00382.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDA-Rs) are receptor-operated calcium entry channels in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) during contraction. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) augments smooth muscle contractility by influencing pathways that regulate intracellular calcium flux and can alter NMDA-R expression and activity in cortical neurons and glial cells. We hypothesized that NMDA-R-mediated Ca(2+) and contractile responses of ASM can be altered by inflammatory mediators, including TNF. In cultured HASM cells, we assessed TNF (10 ng/ml, 48 h) effect on NMDA-R subunit abundance by quantitative PCR, confocal imaging, and immunoblotting. We observed dose- and time-dependent changes in NMDA-R composition: increased obligatory NR1 subunit expression and altered regulatory NR2 and inhibitory NR3 subunits. Measuring intracellular Ca(2+) flux in Fura-2-loaded HASM cultures, we observed that TNF exposure enhanced cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization and changed the temporal pattern of Ca(2+) flux in individual myocytes induced by NMDA, an NMDA-R selective analog of glutamate. We measured airway responses to NMDA in murine thin-cut lung slices (TCLS) from allergen-naive animals and observed significant airway contraction. However, NMDA acted as a bronchodilator in TCLS from house dust mice-challenged mice and in allergen-naive TCLS subjected to TNF exposure. All contractile or bronchodilator responses were blocked by a selective NMDA-R antagonist, (2R)-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate, and bronchodilator responses were prevented by N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) or indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor). Collectively, we show that TNF augments NMDA-R-mediated Ca(2+) mobilization in HASM cells, whereas in multicellular TCLSs allergic inflammation and TNF exposure leads to NMDA-R-mediated bronchodilation. These findings reveal the unique contribution of ionotrophic NMDA-R to airway hyperreactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidyanand Anaparti
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; and
| | - Christopher D Pascoe
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Aruni Jha
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Thomas H Mahood
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ramses Ilarraza
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Helmut Unruh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; and Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Redwan Moqbel
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; and
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li H, Zhou J, Wei X, Chen R, Geng J, Zheng R, Chai J, Li F, Jiang S. miR-144 and targets, c-fos and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), modulate synthesis of PGE2 in the amnion during pregnancy and labor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27914. [PMID: 27297132 PMCID: PMC4906292 DOI: 10.1038/srep27914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Labor is initiated as a result of hormonal changes that are induced by the activation of the inflammatory response and a series of biochemical events. The amnion, which is the primary source of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), plays an important role in the process of labor. In the present study, we uncovered a pathway in which c-fos, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and miR-144 function as hormonal modulators in the amnions of pregnant mice and humans. miR-144 down-regulated the synthesis of PGE2 during pregnancy by directly and indirectly inhibiting COX2 expression and by directly inhibiting the expression of c-fos, a transcriptional activator of COX2 and miR-144. Estrogen (E2) activated c-fos, thus promoting the expression of miR-144 and COX2 during labor. However, the increase in COX2 resulted in the partial inhibition of COX2 expression by miR-144, thereby slightly reducing the secretion of PGE2. These observations suggest that miR-144 inhibits PGE2 secretion by section to prevent the initiation of premature labor. Up-regulated expression of miR-144, c-fos and COX2 was also observed both in preterm mice and in mice undergoing normal labor. In summary, miR-144, c-fos and COX2 play important roles in regulating PGE2 secretion in the amnion during pregnancy and labor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanan Li
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiajie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Junnan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenge Li
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Coquenlorge S, Van Landeghem L, Jaulin J, Cenac N, Vergnolle N, Duchalais E, Neunlist M, Rolli-Derkinderen M. The arachidonic acid metabolite 11β-ProstaglandinF2α controls intestinal epithelial healing: deficiency in patients with Crohn's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25203. [PMID: 27140063 PMCID: PMC4853710 DOI: 10.1038/srep25203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In healthy gut enteric glial cells (EGC) are essential to intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) functions. In Crohn's Disease (CD), both EGC phenotype and IEB functions are altered, but putative involvement of EGC in CD pathogenesis remains unknown and study of human EGC are lacking. EGC isolated from CD and control patients showed similar expression of glial markers and EGC-derived soluble factors (IL6, TGF-β, proEGF, GSH) but CD EGC failed to increase IEB resistance and healing. Lipid profiling showed that CD EGC produced decreased amounts of 15-HETE, 18-HEPE, 15dPGJ2 and 11βPGF2α as compared to healthy EGC. They also had reduced expression of the L-PGDS and AKR1C3 enzymes. Produced by healthy EGC, the 11βPGF2 activated PPARγ receptor of intestinal epithelial cells to induce cell spreading and IEB wound repair. In addition to this novel healing mechanism our data show that CD EGC presented impaired ability to promote IEB functions through defect in L-PGDS-AKR1C3-11βPGF2α dependent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Coquenlorge
- INSERM, UMR913, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, CHU Nantes, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Nantes, F-44093, France
| | - Laurianne Van Landeghem
- INSERM, UMR913, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, CHU Nantes, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Nantes, F-44093, France
| | - Julie Jaulin
- INSERM, UMR913, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, CHU Nantes, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Nantes, F-44093, France
| | - Nicolas Cenac
- Centre de Pathophysiologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1043 CNRS UMR-5282, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Vergnolle
- Centre de Pathophysiologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1043 CNRS UMR-5282, Toulouse, France
| | - Emilie Duchalais
- INSERM, UMR913, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, CHU Nantes, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Nantes, F-44093, France
| | - Michel Neunlist
- INSERM, UMR913, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, CHU Nantes, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Nantes, F-44093, France
| | - Malvyne Rolli-Derkinderen
- INSERM, UMR913, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Université Nantes, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif, CHU Nantes, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, F-44093, France
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Nantes, F-44093, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dhillon SK, Gunn AJ, Jung Y, Mathai S, Bennet L, Fraser M. Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Preconditioning Attenuates Apoptosis and Differentially Regulates TLR4 and TLR7 Gene Expression after Ischemia in the Preterm Ovine Fetal Brain. Dev Neurosci 2015; 37:497-514. [PMID: 26184807 DOI: 10.1159/000433422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute exposure to subclinical infection modulates subsequent hypoxia-ischemia (HI) injury in a time-dependent manner, likely by cross-talk through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), but the specific pathways are unclear in the preterm-equivalent brain. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that repeated low-dose exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) before acute ischemia would be associated with induction of specific TLRs that are potentially neuroprotective. Fetal sheep at 0.65 gestation (term is ∼145 days) received intravenous boluses of low-dose LPS for 5 days (day 1, 50 ng/kg; days 2-5, 100 ng/kg) or the same volume of saline. Either 4 or 24 h after the last bolus of LPS, complete carotid occlusion was induced for 22 min. Five days after LPS, brains were collected. Pretreatment with LPS for 5 days decreased cellular apoptosis, microglial activation and reactive astrogliosis in response to HI injury induced 24 but not 4 h after the last dose of LPS. This was associated with upregulation of TLR4, TLR7 and IFN-β mRNA, and increased fetal plasma IFN-β concentrations. The association of reduced white matter apoptosis and astrogliosis after repeated low-dose LPS finishing 24 h but not 4 h before cerebral ischemia, with central and peripheral induction of IFN-β, suggests the possibility that IFN-β may be an important mediator of endogenous neuroprotection in the developing brain.
Collapse
|
22
|
Potential neuroprotective strategies for perinatal infection and inflammation. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015; 45:44-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
|