1
|
Benevenia R, Lelli D, Moreno A, Lavazza A, Kapri-Pardes E, Klement E, Golender N, Gleser D, Corsa M, Castelli A, Pezzoni G. Development of two competitive ELISAs based on monoclonal antibodies for the serological detection of Bovine ephemeral fever virus. J Virol Methods 2024; 329:115009. [PMID: 39142521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.115009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is a member of the genus Ephemerovirus in the family Rhabdoviridae. It is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted by many species of midges and mosquitoes. It can cause severe economic consequences due to losses in milk production and the general condition of cattle and water buffalo. BEF occurs in some tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions of Africa, Australia, the Middle East and Asia with seasonal outbreaks, but its possible spread to other areas (e.g. Europe) cannot be excluded. Therefore, using and developing rapid diagnostic methods with optimal performance is essential for identifying emerging pathogens and their control. In the present study, we developed two competitive serological ELISAs based on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), designed by using BEFV inactivated antigen and the BEF recombinant nucleoprotein (N), respectively. A panel of 77 BEF-positive and 338 BEF-negative sera was used to evaluate the two tests. With a diagnostic sensitivity of 97.4 % using the inactivated virus and 98.7 % using the recombinant N, and a diagnostic specificity of 100 % using both antigens, our results suggest that these tests are suitable for the serological diagnosis of BEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Benevenia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, Brescia 25124, Italy.
| | - Davide Lelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, Brescia 25124, Italy
| | - Ana Moreno
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, Brescia 25124, Italy
| | - Antonio Lavazza
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, Brescia 25124, Italy
| | - Einat Kapri-Pardes
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Herzl 229, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eyal Klement
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Herzl 229, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Natalia Golender
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Herzl 229, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Division of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Dan Gleser
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Herzl 229, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Manuel Corsa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, Brescia 25124, Italy
| | - Anna Castelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, Brescia 25124, Italy
| | - Giulia Pezzoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, Brescia 25124, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou Y, Lin Z, Fang J, Wang Z, Guo J, Li G, Xu Q, Jin M, Chen H, Zou J, Zhou H. The recombinant vaccine of Lactobacillus plantarum elicits immune protection against H1N1 and H9N2 influenza virus infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133453. [PMID: 38942402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) causes annual epidemics and occasional pandemics, resulting in significant economic losses and numerous fatalities. Current vaccines, typically administered through injection, provide limited protection due to the frequent antigenic shift and drift of IAV strains. Therefore, the development of alternative broad-spectrum vaccine strategies is imperative. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent promising candidates for vaccine engineering due to their low cost, high safety profile, and suitability for oral administration. In this study, we identified a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) that is resistant to acid and bile salts and capable of colonizing the intestines of mice. Subsequently, we employed the RecE/T gene editing system to integrate headless hemagglutinins (mini-HA) into the genome of Lp, generating Lp-mini-HA-SP. Remarkably, immunization with Lp-mini-HA-SP elicited serum IgG antibody responses and conferred immune protection against H9N2 and H1N1 influenza virus challenges. Collectively, our findings offer a novel approach for the development of orally administered IAV vaccines and hold significant potential for future drug development endeavors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbao Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jiaqing Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jinli Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Guohong Li
- Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qiaoxia Xu
- Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Meilin Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jiahui Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Golender N, Hoffmann B, Kenigswald G, Scheinin S, Kedmi M, Gleser D, Klement E. Bovine Ephemeral Fever Viruses in Israel 2014-2023: Genetic Characterization of Local and Emerging Strains. Pathogens 2024; 13:636. [PMID: 39204237 PMCID: PMC11357334 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is an arthropod-borne viral disease, which frequently causes significant epizootics in susceptible water buffalo and cattle in Africa, Australia, Asia and the Middle East. In the current study, a two-stage protocol for BEFV viral isolation was developed. Data on the clinical signs, geographic distribution and phylogenetic analysis of BEFV strains isolated in Israel in 2015, 2018, 2021 and 2023 were summarized. It was found that during 2015-2021, all BEF outbreaks were caused by local BEFV strains, whereas the epizootic of BEFV in 2023 was caused by a new "Mayotte-like" BEFV strain. A comparison of bluetongue (BT) and BEF outbreaks during 2023 in Israel demonstrated that the incidence of BEFV was 2.21 times higher and its pathogenicity was more serious for the cattle population compared to that caused by BTVs. A phylogenetic analysis of Israeli and global BEFV revealed the emergence of non-local strains in new areas. This finding suggests that BEFV can no longer be classified based only upon geographic distribution. Considering a phylogenetic, genetic and proteomic analysis of all available BEFV strains, we suggest classifying them as a single serotype, which includes four lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Golender
- Department of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan 5025001, Israel
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (D.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany;
| | - Gabriel Kenigswald
- Hachaklait Veterinary Services, Caesarea 3088900, Israel; (G.K.); (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Shani Scheinin
- Hachaklait Veterinary Services, Caesarea 3088900, Israel; (G.K.); (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Maor Kedmi
- Hachaklait Veterinary Services, Caesarea 3088900, Israel; (G.K.); (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Dan Gleser
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (D.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Eyal Klement
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (D.G.); (E.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nadeem S, Aslam R, Sajjad-ur-Rahman, Khan MK. Risk analysis and seroprevalence of bovine ephemeral fever virus in Punjab, Pakistan. VET MED-CZECH 2024; 69:67-76. [PMID: 38623155 PMCID: PMC11016300 DOI: 10.17221/95/2023-vetmed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is a vector-borne viral disease caused by the RNA virus which belongs to the genus Ephemerovirus and the family Rhabdoviridae. To evaluate the effect of the risk factors like the breed of cattle and buffaloes, age, sex, lactation, housing and region on the bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) prevalence, ELISA and virus neutralisation (VN) tests (n = 600) were performed for the BEFV prevalence. The seroprevalence in cattle was 45.6% and 42% by ELISA and VN, respectively (P = 0.001). The breed-wise seropositive ratio was (55-64%) in cattle and (22.5-18.3%) in buffaloes by VN and ELISA. The sex-wise prevalence was (40-49.4%) in females and (35.8-46%) in males by VN and ELISA in cattle and a similar prevalence was reported in buffaloes. The age-wise prevalence in bovines by ELISA was 5.33, 22.66 and 17.66% in the age group < 1 year, 1-3 years and > 3 years, respectively. The disease prevalence was higher in the age group of 1-3 years. The prevalence was higher during the 3rd lactation in bovines. The region-wise prevalence was higher in the 07 districts while lower (18-21%) in Rawalpindi District by VN and ELISA, respectively (P = 0.001). Commercial dairy farms of cattle showed a higher disease prevalence (52% and 44%) than non-commercial farms (38% and 36%) by ELISA and VN, respectively (P = 0.227). Exotic cows showed higher disease prevalence (76.67% and 70%) by ELISA and VN. The mortality in bovines was 5% (7.7% and 2.3%) in the cattle and buffaloes. The case fatality of BEFV in bovines was 12.25%. There was a significant effect of the risk factors like the breed, age, sex, lactation, housing and region on the BEFV prevalence. This is the first comprehensive study of BEFV in Pakistan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Nadeem
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Aslam
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad-ur-Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kasib Khan
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiong F, Zhang C, Shang B, Zheng M, Wang Q, Ding Y, Luo J, Li X. An mRNA-based broad-spectrum vaccine candidate confers cross-protection against heterosubtypic influenza A viruses. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2256422. [PMID: 37671994 PMCID: PMC10512870 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2256422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Influenza virus is a prominent cause of respiratory illness in humans. Current influenza vaccines offer strain-specific immunity, while provide limited protection against drifted strains. Broad-spectrum influenza vaccines can induce broad and long-term immunity, and thus are regarded as a future direction for the development of next-generation influenza vaccines. In this study, we have conceptualized a novel mRNA-based multi-antigen influenza vaccine consisting of three conserved antigens of influenza A virus, including the ectodomain of the M2 ion channel (M2e), the long alpha helix of haemagglutinin stalk region (LAH), and nucleoprotein (NP). The vaccine design aims to enhance its potency and promote the development of a future broad-spectrum influenza vaccine. Our mRNA-based vaccine demonstrated potent humoral and cellular responses throughout the time points of the murine model, inducing viral neutralizing antibodies, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity effect mediating antibodies and cross-reactive CD8+ T cell immune responses. The vaccine conferred broad protection against H1N1, H3N2, and H9N2 viruses. Moreover, the single-cell transcriptional profiling of T cells in the spleens of vaccinated mice revealed that the mRNA-based vaccine significantly promoted CD8+ T cells and memory T cells by prime-boost immunization. Our results suggest that the mRNA-based influenza vaccine encoding conserved proteins is a promising approach for eliciting broadly protective humoral and cellular immunity against various influenza viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xiong
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoyuan Shang
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yahong Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xin J, Dong J, Li J, Ye L, Zhang C, Nie F, Gu Y, Ji X, Song Z, Luo Q, Ai J, Han D. Current Knowledge on Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease in China. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1123. [PMID: 37376512 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an infectious, non-contagious viral disease of ruminants caused by epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and is transmitted by insects of the genus Culicoides. In 2008, EHD was listed on the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) list of notifiable terrestrial and aquatic animal diseases. This article reviews the distribution of EHD in China and relevant studies and proposes several suggestions for the prevention and control of EHD. There have been reports of positivity for serum antibodies against EHDV-1, EHDV-2, EHDV-5, EHDV-6, EHDV-7, EHDV-8 and EHDV-10 in China. Strains of EHDV-1, -5, -6, -7, -8 and -10 have been isolated, among which the Seg-2, Seg-3 and Seg-6 sequences of serotypes -5, -6, -7 and -10 belong to the eastern topotype. The emergence of western topotype Seg-2 in EHDV-1 strains indicates that EHDV-1 strains in China are reassortant strains of the western and eastern topotypes. A novel serotype strain of EHDV named YNDH/V079/2018 was isolated in 2018. Chinese scholars have successfully expressed the EHDV VP7 protein and developed a variety of ELISA detection methods, including antigen capture ELISA and competitive ELISA. A variety of EHDV nucleic acid detection methods, including RT-PCR and qRT-PCR, have also been developed. LAMP and the liquid chip detection technique are also available. To prevent and control EHD, several suggestions for controlling EHD transmission have been proposed based on the actual situation in China, including controlling the number of Culicoides, reducing contact between Culicoides and hosts, continued monitoring of EHDV and Culicoides in different areas of China and further development and application of basic and pioneering research related to EHD prevention and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jige Xin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Technology Center of Kunming Customs, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Jing Li
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Technology Center of Kunming Customs, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Lingling Ye
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Technology Center of Kunming Customs, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Technology Center of Kunming Customs, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Fuping Nie
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Laboratory, Technology Center of Chongqing Customs, Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xincheng Ji
- Research Center for International Inspection and Quarantine Standard and Technical Regulation, General Administration of Customs, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- Research Center for International Inspection and Quarantine Standard and Technical Regulation, General Administration of Customs, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Qianmin Luo
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Technology Center of Kunming Customs, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Jun Ai
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Technology Center of Kunming Customs, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Diangang Han
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Technology Center of Kunming Customs, Kunming 650200, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bakhshesh M, Mollazadeh S, Almasi S, Azadi N. Whole genome characterization and evolutionary analysis of bovine ephemeral fever virus isolated in Iran. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:196. [PMID: 37061640 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is an economically important arthropod-borne virus of cattle and water buffaloes which is enzootic in Africa, Australia, and Asia. We characterized the entire length of BEFV BA/RZ/IR strain genome isolated in Iran and compared to the all BEFV full genomes available in the GenBank. The BEFV genomes were phylogenetically classified as 4 lineages including the Middle Eastern, East Asian, Australian, and South African lineages. The Iranian BA/RZ/IR strain, which displayed maximum sequence identity (96.72%) to the Chinese JT02L strain was clustered as a separate branch in the East Asian lineage of the virus. Using Shannon entropy analysis, amino acid variations were detected in the all proteins encoded by BEFV genomes. Particularly, the polymerase L and the accessory proteins Gns, α2 and β exhibited the highest amino acid variations suggesting their significance in the viral replication efficiency. Our bioinformatics analyses also predict the occurrence of recombination event within the East Asian lineage of BEFV genomes. Our data show that the Chinese Henan 1 may be a hybrid strain constructed of the Chinese JT02L and Iranian BA/RZ/IR BEFV strains as the major and minor parents, respectively. These computational analyses suggest that the homologous recombination may be an evolutionary mechanism for BEFV as a member of the Rhabdoviridae family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Bakhshesh
- Department of Animal Virology, Research and Diagnosis, Agricultural Research, Education and Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, P.O. Box: 31975/148, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Shima Mollazadeh
- Department of Animal Virology, Research and Diagnosis, Agricultural Research, Education and Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, P.O. Box: 31975/148, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shokoofeh Almasi
- Department of Animal Virology, Research and Diagnosis, Agricultural Research, Education and Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, P.O. Box: 31975/148, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nader Azadi
- Veterinary Clinic, Shariati Street, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen J, Liu M, Li Y, Yang L, Tang Y, Dan R, Xie M, Fang R, Li N, Ye C, Peng Y. Emergence and genomic analysis of a novel sublineage of bovine ephemeral fever virus in Southwest China. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1161287. [PMID: 37032890 PMCID: PMC10073494 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1161287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), belonging to the genus Ephemerovirus under the family Rhabdoviridae, is the etiological cause for the bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) in cattle and water buffalo. Methods In this study, we report recent BEF outbreaks in Southwest China and sequence the complete genome sequence of one BEFV isolate BEFV/CQ1/2022. Results and Discussion Comparative genomic analyses between BEFV/CQ1/2022 and isolates available in GenBank revealed remarkable inter-isolate divergence. Meanwhile, the sequence divergence was related to the evolutionary relationships and geographical distribution of the isolates. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the global BEFV isolates can be divided into 4 distinct lineages. The East Asia lineage was the most diverse and could be subdivided into 4 sublineages. Notably, BEFV/CQ1/2022 and other 10 recent isolates from Mainland China were found to be clustered in sublineage 2. Additionally, recombination analysis provided evidence of BEFV recombination among East Asian isolates for the first time. Taken together, a novel sublineage of the East Asian BEFV emerged in Southwest China, and large divergence and potential recombination among BEFV strains were investigated in this study, which may improve understanding of BEFV epidemiology and evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chao Ye
- *Correspondence: Yuanyi Peng, ; Chao Ye,
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Development and validation of a DIVA ELISA for differentiating BEFV infected from vaccinated animals. J Virol Methods 2022; 310:114625. [PMID: 36167229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inactivated vaccine is considered safe and used for prevention of bovine ephemeral fever in several endemic countries. To differentiate between BEFV-infected and vaccinated animals, we developed an ELISA capable of detecting infection-related antibodies against BEFV. Recombinant proteins, including N, P, M, L, GNS, α2, β and γ, were expressed in E. coli and screened by Western blotting and ELISA. The results showed GNS, α2 and β specifically reacted with sera from BEFV infected cattle but not sera from vaccinated cattle. A DIVA ELISA based on a C-terminal truncated form of GNS was developed, with 100% sensitivity and 98.0% specificity at a sample to positive-control optical density ratio (S/P) threshold of 0.18. Specificity analysis showed that the assay has no cross-reactivity with antisera of other common bovine viruses. Anti-GNS antibody appears at 3-4 days post infection (dpi) and persists up to 240-300 dpi in the experimentally infected cattle. Sero-epidemiological survey using sera collected from vaccinated cattle in an endemic area in Jiangsu Province revealed sero-positive rate of 2.36% (6/254), indicating that the DIVA ELISA could be used as a reliable diagnostic tool for differentiating BEFV infected from vaccinated animals.
Collapse
|
10
|
Rezatofighi SE, Mirzadeh K, Mahmoodi F. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of bovine ephemeral fever viruses in Khuzestan province of Iran in 2018 and 2020. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:19. [PMID: 34991561 PMCID: PMC8734343 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is an arthropod-borne viral disease caused by the BEF virus (BEFV). This single-stranded RNA virus that affects cattle and water buffalo is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions including Iran. While BEF is a major disease of cattle in Iran, information regarding its agent, molecular characterization, and circulating viruses are highly limited. The current study aimed to, firstly, determine the genetic and antigenic characteristics of BEFV strains in Khuzestan province in Southwest of Iran in 2018 and 2020 and, secondly, to compare them with strains obtained from other areas. RESULTS By phylogenetic analysis based on the Glycoprotein gene, BEFV strains were divided into four clusters of Middle East, East Asia, South Africa, and Australia; in which the 2018 and 2020 Iranian BEFV strains were grouped in the Middle East cluster with the Turkish, Indian, and Israeli strains. Depending on the chronology and geographical area, the outbreaks of Turkey (2020), Iran (2018 and 2020), and India (2018 and 2019) are proposed to be related. These BEFVs had the highest identity matrix and the lowest evolutionary distance among the studied strains. Multiple sequence alignment of G1, G2, and G3 antigenic sites showed that these neutralizing epitopes are highly conserved among the strains of the Middle East cluster; however, the strains previously identified in Iran differed in three amino acids placed in G1 and G2 epitopes. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that BEFVs circulating in the Middle East are closely related phylogenetically and geographically. They also have similar antigenic structures; therefore, developing a vaccine based on these strains can be effective for controlling BEF in the Middle East.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Elham Rezatofighi
- Biology department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 6135743135, Iran.
| | - Khalil Mirzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Mahmoodi
- Biology department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 6135743135, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pyasi S, Gupta A, Hegde NR, Nayak D. Complete genome sequencing and assessment of mutation-associated protein dynamics of the first Indian bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) isolate. Vet Q 2021; 41:308-319. [PMID: 34663182 PMCID: PMC8567923 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2021.1995909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is a re-emerging disease caused by bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV). Although it poses a huge economic threat to the livestock sector, complete viral genome information from any South Asian country, including India, lacks. Aim Genome characterization of the first Indian BEFV isolate and to evaluate its genetic diversity by characterizing genomic mutations and their associated protein dynamics. Materials and Methods Of the nineteen positive blood samples collected from BEF symptomatic animals during the 2018-19 outbreaks in India, one random sample was used to amplify the entire viral genome by RT-PCR. Utilizing Sanger sequencing and NGS technology, a complete genome was determined. Genome characterization, genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses were explored by comparing the results with available global isolates. Additionally, unique genomic mutations within the Indian isolate were investigated, followed by in-silico assessment of non-synonymous (NS) mutations impacts on corresponding proteins’ secondary structure, solvent accessibility and dynamics. Results The complete genome of Indian BEFV has 14,903 nucleotides with 33% GC with considerable genetic diversity. Its sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relatedness to the Middle Eastern lineage. Genome-wide scanning elucidated 30 unique mutations, including 10 NS mutations in the P, L and GNS proteins. The mutational impact evaluation confirmed alterations in protein structure and dynamics, with minimal effect on solvent accessibility. Additionally, alteration in the interatomic interactions was compared against the wild type. Conclusion These findings extend our understanding of the BEFV epidemiological and pathogenic potential, aiding in developing better therapeutic and preventive interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Pyasi
- Discipline of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Advika Gupta
- Discipline of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Nagendra R Hegde
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Debasis Nayak
- Discipline of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
A Senescence-Like Cellular Response Inhibits Bovine Ephemeral Fever Virus Proliferation. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060601. [PMID: 34200003 PMCID: PMC8227762 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
During industrial-scale production of viruses for vaccine manufacturing, anti-viral response of host cells can dampen maximal viral antigen yield. In addition to interferon responses, many other cellular responses, such as the AMPK signaling pathway or senescence-like response may inhibit or slow down virus amplification in the cell culture system. In this study, we first performed a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of the whole-genome mRNA transcriptome and found a senescence-like cellular response in BHK-21 cells when infected with bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV). To demonstrate that this senescence-like state may reduce virus growth, BHK-21 subclones showing varying degrees of a senescence-like state were infected with BEFV. The results showed that the BHK-21 subclones showing high senescence staining could inhibit BEFV replication while low senescence-staining subclones are permissive to virus replication. Using a different approach, a senescence-like state was induced in BHK-21 using a small molecule, camptothecin (CPT), and BEFV susceptibility were examined. The results showed that CPT-treated BHK-21 is more resistant to virus infection. Overall, these results indicate that a senescence-like response may be at play in BHK-21 upon virus infection. Furthermore, cell clone selection and modulating treatments using small molecules may be tools in countering anti-viral responses.
Collapse
|
13
|
Karayel-Hacioglu I, Duran Yelken S, Vezir Y, Unal N, Alkan F. Isolation and genetic characterization of bovine ephemeral fever virus from epidemic-2020 in Turkey. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:276. [PMID: 33880666 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) infection occurs seasonally in many tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia (including the Middle East), and Australia while it is exotic in Europe. In this study, the epidemiology of BEFV infection in Turkey that bridges southeastern Europe and Asia, geographically, was investigated according to the comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the virus caused the last epidemic in 2020 with those of the strains previously detected in Turkey as well as BEFV strains from other countries. In the phylogenetic analysis, based on an alignment of full-length G gene sequences, BEFVs from epidemic-2020 were located in Middle Eastern lineage and appear to represent most closely related BEFVs from India-2018 and 2019. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of BEFV epidemiology in Turkey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Karayel-Hacioglu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Ankara University, Şehit Ömer Halisdemir Street, Diskapi, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selda Duran Yelken
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Yaser Vezir
- Medicine and Biologicals Production and Trade Company, Dollvet Veterinary Vaccine, Sanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Nilay Unal
- Medicine and Biologicals Production and Trade Company, Dollvet Veterinary Vaccine, Sanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Feray Alkan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Ankara University, Şehit Ömer Halisdemir Street, Diskapi, 06110, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lo YT, Tulloch F, Wu HC, Luke GA, Ryan MD, Chu CY. Expression and immunogenicity of secreted forms of bovine ephemeral fever virus glycoproteins applied to subunit vaccine development. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1123-1135. [PMID: 33605066 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Vaccines for bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) are available but are difficult to produce, expensive or suffer from genetic instability. Therefore, we designed constructs encoding C-terminally truncated forms (transmembrane anchoring region deleted) of glycoproteins G and GNS such that they were secreted from the cell into the media to achieve high-level antigen expression, correct glycosylation pattern and enable further simple purification with the V5 epitope tag. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, synthetic biology was employed to create membrane-bound and secreted forms of G and GNS glycoprotein. Mammalian cell culture was employed as an antigen expression platform, and the secreted forms of G and GNS protein were easily purified from media using a highly effective, single-step method. The V5 epitope tag was genetically fused to the C-termini of the proteins, enabling detection of the antigen through immunoblotting and immunomicroscopy. Our data demonstrated that the C-terminally truncated form of the G glycoprotein was efficiently secreted from cells into the cell media. Moreover the immunogenicity was confirmed in mice test. CONCLUSIONS The immuno-dot blots showed that the truncated G glycoprotein was present in the total cell extract, and was clearly secreted into the media, consistent with the western blotting data and live-cell images. Our strategy presented the expression of secreted, epitope-tagged, forms of the BEFV glycoproteins such that appropriately glycosylated forms of BEFV G protein was secreted from the BHK-21 cells. This indicates that high-level expression of secreted G glycoprotein is a feasible strategy for large-scale production of vaccines and improving vaccine efficacy. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The antigen expression strategy designed in this study can produce high-quality recombinant protein and reduce the amount of antigen used in the vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y-T Lo
- International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - F Tulloch
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - H-C Wu
- International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - G A Luke
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - M D Ryan
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - C-Y Chu
- International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Stokes JE, Darpel KE, Gubbins S, Carpenter S, Fernández de Marco MDM, Hernández-Triana LM, Fooks AR, Johnson N, Sanders C. Investigation of bovine ephemeral fever virus transmission by putative dipteran vectors under experimental conditions. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:597. [PMID: 33243283 PMCID: PMC7690080 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine ephemeral fever virus (Rhabdoviridae: Ephemerovirus) (BEFV) causes bovine ephemeral fever (BEF), an economically important disease of cattle and water buffalo. Outbreaks of BEF in Africa, Australia, Asia and the Middle East are characterized by high rates of morbidity and highly efficient transmission between cattle hosts. Despite this, the vectors of BEFV remain poorly defined. METHODS Colony lines of biting midges (Culicoides sonorensis) and mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Culex pipiens and Culex quinquefasciatus) were infected with a strain of BEFV originating from Israel by feeding on blood-virus suspensions and by intrathoracic inoculation. In addition, in vivo transmission of BEFV was also assessed by allowing C. sonorensis inoculated by the intrathoracic route to feed on male 6 month-old Holstein-Friesian calves. RESULTS There was no evidence of BEFV replication within mosquitoes fed on blood/virus suspensions for mosquitoes of any species tested for each of the three colony lines. In 170 C. sonorensis fed on the blood/virus suspension, BEFV RNA was detected in the bodies of 13 individuals and in the heads of two individuals, indicative of fully disseminated infections and an oral susceptibility rate of 1.2%. BEFV RNA replication was further demonstrated in all C. sonorensis that were inoculated by the intrathoracic route with virus after 5, 6 or 7 days post-infection. Despite this, transmission of BEFV could not be demonstrated when infected C. sonorensis were allowed to feed on calves. CONCLUSIONS No evidence for infection or dissemination of BEFV (bovine/Israel/2005-6) in mosquitoes of three different species was found. Evidence was found for infection of C. sonorensis by the oral route. However, attempts to transmit BEFV to calves from infected C. sonorensis failed. These results highlight the challenge of defining the natural vector of BEFV and of establishing an in vivo transmission model. The results are discussed with reference to the translation of laboratory-based studies to inference of vector competence in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin E Darpel
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Simon Gubbins
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK
| | | | | | | | - Anthony R Fooks
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Nicholas Johnson
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7YH, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng W, Zhao Z, Tian L, Liu L, Xu T, Wang X, He H, Xia X, Zheng Y, Wei Y, Zheng X. Genetically modified rabies virus vector-based bovine ephemeral fever virus vaccine induces protective immune responses against BEFV and RABV in mice. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:1353-1362. [PMID: 32805767 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF), caused by the bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), is associated with an acute febrile infection in cattle and widespread in tropical and subtropical areas, leading to great economic losses to cattle and milk industry. However, no efficacious BEF vaccine is currently available in China. Herein, we generated a recombinant rabies virus (RABV) expressing BEFV glycoprotein (LBNSE-BG), utilizing a reverse genetics system based on the recombinant rabies virus strain LBNSE. It was found that mice immunized with LBNSE-BG produced robust neutralizing antibodies against both BEFV and RABV, and developed complete protection from lethal RABV challenge. Further studies showed that LBNSE-BG activated more dendritic cells (DCs), B cells and T cells in immunized mice than the parent virus LBNSE. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the recombinant LBNSE-BG described here has the potential to be developed as a cost-effective and efficacious bivalent vaccine for cattle use in endemic areas of BEF and rabies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zheng
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhao
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lele Liu
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianwei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongbin He
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Zheng
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yurong Wei
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, China
| | - Xuexing Zheng
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Blasdell KR, Davis SS, Voysey R, Bulach DM, Middleton D, Williams S, Harmsen MB, Weir RP, Crameri S, Walsh SJ, Peck GR, Tesh RB, Boyle DB, Melville LF, Walker PJ. Hayes Yard virus: a novel ephemerovirus isolated from a bull with severe clinical signs of bovine ephemeral fever is most closely related to Puchong virus. Vet Res 2020; 51:58. [PMID: 32349781 PMCID: PMC7191811 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00781-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever is a vector-borne disease of ruminants that occurs in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Australia. The disease is caused by a rhabdovirus, bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), which occurs as a single serotype globally. Although several other closely related ephemeroviruses have been isolated from cattle and/or arthropods, only kotonkan virus from Nigeria and (tentatively) Mavingoni virus from Mayotte Island in the Indian Ocean have been previously associated with febrile disease. Here, we report the isolation of a novel virus (Hayes Yard virus; HYV) from blood collected in February 2000 from a bull (Bos indicus) in the Northern Territory of Australia. The animal was suffering from a severe ephemeral fever-like illness with neurological involvement, including recumbency and paralysis, and was euthanised. Histological examination of spinal cord and lung tissue identified extensive haemorrhage in the dura mata with moderate perineuronal oedema and extensive emphysema. HYV displayed cone-shaped morphology, typical of rhabdoviruses, and was found to be most closely related antigenically to Puchong virus (PUCV), isolated in 1965 from mosquitoes in Malaysia. Analysis of complete genome sequences of HYV (15 025 nt) and PUCV (14 932 nt) indicated that each has a complex organisation (3' N-P-M-G-GNS-α1-α2-β-γ-L 5') and expression strategy, similar to that of BEFV. Based on an alignment of complete L protein sequences, HYV and PUCV cluster with other rhabdoviruses in the genus Ephemerovirus and appear to represent two new species. Neutralising antibody to HYV was also detected in a retrospective survey of cattle sera collected in the Northern Territory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim R Blasdell
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Steven S Davis
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries, Darwin, NT, Australia.,Timor-Leste Office, Menzies School of Health Research, Dili, Timor-Leste
| | - Rhonda Voysey
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Dieter M Bulach
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Deborah Middleton
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Sinead Williams
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Margaret B Harmsen
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Richard P Weir
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Sandra Crameri
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Susan J Walsh
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Grantley R Peck
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Robert B Tesh
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - David B Boyle
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Lorna F Melville
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Peter J Walker
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yanase T, Murota K, Hayama Y. Endemic and Emerging Arboviruses in Domestic Ruminants in East Asia. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:168. [PMID: 32318588 PMCID: PMC7154088 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epizootic congenital abnormalities caused by Akabane, Aino, and Chuzan viruses have damaged the reproduction of domestic ruminants in East Asia for many years. In the past, large outbreaks of febrile illness related to bovine ephemeral fever and Ibaraki viruses severely affected the cattle industry in that region. In recent years, vaccines against these viruses have reduced the occurrence of diseases, although the viruses are still circulating and have occasionally caused sporadic and small-scaled epidemics. Over a long-term monitoring period, many arboviruses other than the above-mentioned viruses have been isolated from cattle and Culicoides biting midges in Japan. Several novel arboviruses that may infect ruminants (e.g., mosquito- and tick-borne arboviruses) were recently reported in mainland China based on extensive surveillance. It is noteworthy that some are suspected of being associated with cattle diseases. Malformed calves exposed to an intrauterine infection with orthobunyaviruses (e.g., Peaton and Shamonda viruses) have been observed. Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 6 caused a sudden outbreak of hemorrhagic disease in cattle in Japan. Unfortunately, the pathogenicity of many other viruses in ruminants has been uncertain, although these viruses potentially affect livestock production. As global transportation grows, the risk of an accidental incursion of arboviruses is likely to increase in previously non-endemic areas. Global warming will also certainly affect the distribution and active period of vectors, and thus the range of virus spreads will expand to higher-latitude regions. To prevent anticipated damages to the livestock industry, the monitoring system for arboviral circulation and incursion should be strengthened; moreover, the sharing of information and preventive strategies will be essential in East Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Katsunori Murota
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoko Hayama
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kun J, Rongrong J, Xiangbin W, Yan Z, Yiping D, Gang L, Pei Z, Shoujun L. Genetic characterization of bovine ephemeral fever virus in southern China, 2013-2017. Virus Genes 2020; 56:390-395. [PMID: 32030575 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-020-01740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) can cause bovine ephemeral fever and is an economically important arbovirus of cattle. To expand the knowledge of the molecular epidemiology of BEFV in southern China, the complete surface glycoprotein G gene of BEFV was sequenced from samples collected in five restricted outbreaks from 2013 to 2017, namely 2013ZH, 2014HM, 2015GX, 11082-2016, and qy2017. It was noted that both 2014HM and 11082-2016 were detected in cattle regularly vaccinated with inactivated vaccine. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all five strains grouped into cluster I. However, qy2017 was closer to the BEFV strains identified in Thailand, Japan, and Taiwan after 2000, while 2013ZH, 2014HM, 2015GX, and 11082-2016 were closer to the Chinese strains in 2011 and the Turkey strains in 2012. The analysis of antigenic sites indicated that several amino acid changes occurred between the five strains and the vaccine strain. Importantly, one novel amino acid mutation site was observed in the putative N-linked glycosylation sites of 2013ZH, 2014HM, 2015GX, and 11082-2016. Our study indicated novel genetic characteristics of the newly emerging BEFV strains in southern China and the necessity of updating the component of commercially available inactivated BEFV vaccines in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Kun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Rongrong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xiangbin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Dou Yiping
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Gang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Pei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shoujun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gao S, Du J, Tian Z, Niu Q, Huang D, Wang J, Luo J, Liu G, Yin H. A SYBR green I-based quantitative RT-PCR assay for bovine ephemeral fever virus and its utility for evaluating viral kinetics in cattle. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 32:44-50. [PMID: 31845623 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719895460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a SYBR green I-based reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay for bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV). Analytical sensitivity of the assay was ~ 100 times higher than conventional RT-PCR. The precision of the RT-qPCR established for RNA standards was high, with intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation of 0.23-0.89% and 0.23-1.02%, respectively. The test was highly specific for BEFV strains, with no cross-reactivity with other viruses of veterinary significance. The assay detected BEFV RNA as early as 1 d post-infection (dpi) and up to 7-8 dpi in the blood samples of experimentally infected cattle. The most stable reference gene, peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA), was selected for the quantification of BEFV. Viral RNA loads reached peak level at 3-5 dpi and then decreased rapidly through 7-8 dpi. Our assay provides a reliable approach for the detection of BEFV in the early infection stage and for use in the profiling of BEFV kinetics in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shandian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| | - Junzheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| | - Zhancheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| | - Qingli Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| | - Dexuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| | - Jidong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China (Gao, Du, Tian, Niu, Huang, Wang, Luo, Liu, Yin)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China (Yin)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dacheux L, Dommergues L, Chouanibou Y, Doméon L, Schuler C, Bonas S, Luo D, Maufrais C, Cetre‐Sossah C, Cardinale E, Bourhy H, Métras R. Co-circulation and characterization of novel African arboviruses (genus Ephemerovirus) in cattle, Mayotte island, Indian Ocean, 2017. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:2601-2604. [PMID: 31390479 PMCID: PMC6899740 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mayotte is an island located in the Mozambique Channel, between Mozambique and Madagascar, in the South Western Indian Ocean region. A severe syndrome of unknown aetiology has been observed seasonally since 2009 in cattle (locally named "cattle flu"), associated with anorexia, nasal discharge, hyperthermia and lameness. We sampled blood from a panel of those severely affected animals at the onset of disease signs and analysed these samples by next-generation sequencing. We first identified the presence of ephemeral bovine fever viruses (BEFV), an arbovirus belonging to the genus Ephemerovirus within the family Rhabdoviridae, thus representing the first published sequences of BEFV viruses of African origin. In addition, we also discovered and genetically characterized a potential new species within the genus Ephemerovirus, called Mavingoni virus (MVGV) from one diseased animal. Finally, both MVGV and BEFV have been identified in cattle from the same herd, evidencing a co-circulation of different ephemeroviruses on the island. The clinical, epidemiological and virological information strongly suggests that these viruses represent the etiological agents of the observed "cattle flu" within this region. This study highlights the importance of the strengthening and harmonizing arboviral surveillance in Mayotte and its neighbouring areas, including Africa mainland, given the importance of the diffusion of infectious diseases (such as BEFV) mediated by animal and human movements in the South Western Indian Ocean area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dacheux
- Institut PasteurUnit Lyssavirus Epidemiology and NeuropathologyParisFrance
| | - Laure Dommergues
- GDS Mayotte‐Coopérative Agricole des Eleveurs MahoraisCoconiFrance
| | | | - Lionel Doméon
- Clinique Vétérinaire de Doméon/SchulerMamoudzouFrance
| | | | - Simon Bonas
- Institut PasteurUnit Lyssavirus Epidemiology and NeuropathologyParisFrance
| | - Dongsheng Luo
- Institut PasteurUnit Lyssavirus Epidemiology and NeuropathologyParisFrance
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and BiosafetyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Corinne Maufrais
- Institut PasteurUSR 3756 CNRSBioinformatics and Biostatistics HubParisFrance
| | - Catherine Cetre‐Sossah
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRESainte ClotildeFrance
- ASTREUniv Montpellier (I‐MUSE)CIRAD, INRAMontpellierFrance
| | - Eric Cardinale
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRESainte ClotildeFrance
- ASTREUniv Montpellier (I‐MUSE)CIRAD, INRAMontpellierFrance
| | - Hervé Bourhy
- Institut PasteurUnit Lyssavirus Epidemiology and NeuropathologyParisFrance
| | - Raphaëlle Métras
- ASTREUniv Montpellier (I‐MUSE)CIRAD, INRAMontpellierFrance
- CIRADUMR ASTREMontpellierFrance
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cheng LT, Zeng YJ, Chu CY, Wang HY. Development of a quick dot blot assay for the titering of bovine ephemeral fever virus. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:313. [PMID: 31477093 PMCID: PMC6720828 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) causes fever and muscle stiffness in cattle, resulting in negative economic impact for cattle and dairy farms. During the manufacturing process of inactivated vaccine for virus control, it is important to determine the virus titer, but traditional methods such as plaque assay and TCID50 assay require days of waiting time. We sought to develop a quick dot blot assay for BEFV titering. Results Three different kinds of BEFV antigens were prepared to raise primary antibodies for BEFV detection in dot blot assays: 1) purified BEFV particles, 2) Escherichia coli (E. coli)-expressed BEFV G1 region, and 3) E. coli-expressed BEFV N protein. Results showed that antibodies raised against purified BEFV particles can detect BEFV particles, but it also showed a high background level from the proteins of BHK-21 cells. Antibodies raised against E.coli-expressed BEFV G1 region could not detect BEFV particles in dot blot assays. Finally, antibodies raised against E.coli-expressed BEFV N protein detected BEFV particles with a high signal-to-noise ratio in dot blot assays. Conclusions E.coli-expressed N protein is a suitable antigen for the production of antiserum that can detect BEFV particles with a high signal-to-noise ratio. A dot blot assay kit using this antiserum can be developed as a quick and economical way for BEFV titering. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-2059-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuehfu Road, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jing Zeng
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuehfu Road, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yen Chu
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuehfu Road, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Hsian-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuehfu Road, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Almasi S, Bakhshesh M. Antigenic variation of bovine ephemeral fever viruses isolated in Iran, 2012–2013. Virus Genes 2019; 55:654-659. [DOI: 10.1007/s11262-019-01688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
24
|
Lee F. Bovine Ephemeral Fever in Asia: Recent Status and Research Gaps. Viruses 2019; 11:v11050412. [PMID: 31058837 PMCID: PMC6563278 DOI: 10.3390/v11050412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease affecting mainly domestic cattle and water buffalo. The etiological agent of this disease is bovine ephemeral fever virus, a member of the genus Ephemerovirus within the family Rhabdoviridae. Bovine ephemeral fever causes economic losses by a sudden drop in milk production in dairy cattle and loss of condition in beef cattle. Although mortality resulting from this disease is usually lower than 1%, it can reach 20% or even higher. Bovine ephemeral fever is distributed across many countries in Asia, Australia, the Middle East, and Africa. Prevention and control of the disease mainly relies on regular vaccination. The impact of bovine ephemeral fever on the cattle industry may be underestimated, and the introduction of bovine ephemeral fever into European countries is possible, similar to the spread of bluetongue virus and Schmallenberg virus. Research on bovine ephemeral fever remains limited and priority of investigation should be given to defining the biological vectors of this disease and identifying virulence determinants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lee
- Epidemiology Division, Animal Health Research Institute; New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hansoongnern P, Kaewborisuth C, Wasanasuk K, Chankeeree P, Poonsuk S, Lekcharoensuk C, Lekcharoensuk P. The immunogenicity of the secretory GΔTM protein of bovine ephemeral fever virus stably expressed by mammalian cells. Vet Microbiol 2019; 233:113-117. [PMID: 31176396 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) causes an acute febrile disease in cattle and water buffalo. The disease has an impact on dairy and beef production in tropical and subtropical countries. Vaccination is used for disease prevention and control. In this study, we developed a recombinant lentivirus to produce mammalian stable cells expressing histidine-tagged BEFV G protein with a deleted transmembrane domain (GΔTM) as a secretory protein. In addition, guinea pigs were immunised with the purified GΔTM protein and booster immunised at a 3-week interval. The mammalian stable cells were able to continuously produce GΔTM protein for a minimum of 25 passages. All of the mammalian stable cells expressing GΔTM protein could react specifically with a BEFV convalescent bovine serum. Serum samples from the immunised guinea pigs could react strongly and specifically with the purified GΔTM protein. Moreover, post-immunised guinea pig sera contained antibodies that could neutralise BEFV. These results indicate that the G protein without a transmembrane domain can be used as a subunit vaccine for the prevention and control of BEFV. The availability of the mammalian stable cells, which constitutively express GΔTM protein, could facilitate the potential use of the secretory protein for BEFV diagnosis and vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payuda Hansoongnern
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, The Graduate School, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Challika Kaewborisuth
- Center for Advance Studies in Agriculture and Food, KU Institute Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Ketkaew Wasanasuk
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Penpitcha Chankeeree
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Sukontip Poonsuk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Chalermpol Lekcharoensuk
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Porntippa Lekcharoensuk
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, The Graduate School, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center for Advance Studies in Agriculture and Food, KU Institute Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chaisirirat T, Sangthong P, Arunvipas P, Petcharat N, Thangthamniyom N, Chumsing W, Lekcharoensuk P. Molecular characterization of bovine ephemeral fever virus in Thailand between 2013 and 2017. Vet Microbiol 2018; 227:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
27
|
Pasandideh R, Seyfi Abad Shapouri MR, Beigi Nassiri MT. Immunogenicity of a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding G1 epitope of bovine ephemeral fever virus G glycoprotein in mice. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 2018; 85:e1-e6. [PMID: 30198280 PMCID: PMC6238684 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v85i1.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the immunogenicity of a plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccine encoding the G1 epitope of bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) G glycoprotein in mice. A plasmid DNA carrying the G1 gene was constructed and designated as pcDNA3.1-G1. The expression of the target gene was confirmed in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-G1 by indirect immunofluorescent staining. Immunisation experiments were intramuscularly carried out by vaccinating 6-week-old female mice in four groups, including the pcDNA3.1-G1 construct, pcDNA3.1 (+) plasmid alone, BEF-inactivated vaccine and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (1X) three times with 2-week intervals. Fourteen days after the last immunisation, the animals were bled and the resulting sera were tested for anti-G1-specific antibodies by immunoblotting analysis, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and virus neutralisation (VN) test. Serological assays showed that the pcDNA3.1-G1 construct expressing G1 protein was able to elicit specific antibodies against this antigen. Virus neutralisation test showed that pcDNA3.1-G1 could induce anti-BEFV-neutralising antibodies in mice. Our findings indicated that a new dimension can be added to vaccine studies for bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) using eukaryotic expression plasmids encoding the G1 antigen in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Pasandideh
- Department of Animal Science, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hou P, Zhao G, Wang H, He C, Huan Y, He H. Development of a recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral-flow dipstick assay for detection of bovine ephemeral fever virus. Mol Cell Probes 2017; 38:31-37. [PMID: 29288049 PMCID: PMC7126596 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), identified as the causative pathogen of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF), is responsible for increasing numbers of epidemics/outbreaks and has a significant harmful effect on the livestock industry. Therefore, a rapid detection assay is imperative for BEFV diagnosis. In this study, we described the development of lateral-flow dipstick isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (LFD-RPA) assays for detection of BEFV. RPA primers and LF probes were designed by targeting the specific G gene, and the amplification product can be visualized on a simple lateral flow dipstick with the naked eyes. The amplification reaction was performed at 38 °C for 20 min and LFD incubation time within 5 min. The detection limit of this assay was 8 copies per reaction, and there was no cross-reactivity with other bovine infectious viruses such as bovine viral diarrhea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine coronavirus, bovine parainfluenza virus type 3, bovine vesicular stomatitis virus. In addition, the assay was performed with total 128 clinical specimens and the diagnostic results were compared with conventional RT-PCR, real-time quantative(q) PCR. The result showed that the coincidence rate of BEFV LFD-RPA and real-time qPCR was 96.09% (123/128), which was higher than conventional RT-PCR. The RPA combined with LFD assay probably provides a rapid and sensitive alternative for diagnosis of BEFV infections outbreak. RPA combined with LFD assay was developed first time to detect BEFV. The detection from cDNA could be completed within 30 min and be easily visualized with the naked eyes. The RPA combined with LFD assay probably provides a alternative for diagnosis of BEFV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peili Hou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| | - Guimin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| | - Chengqiang He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yanjun Huan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Hongbin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gao S, Du J, Tian Z, Niu Q, Zheng F, Huang D, Kang B, Luo J, Liu G, Yin H. Complete genome sequence of a bovine ephemeral fever virus JT02L strain in mainland China. Arch Virol 2017; 162:3555-3558. [PMID: 28808793 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the complete genome sequence of bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) JT02L, which has been used in our laboratory, in mainland China, for more than a decade. The genome is 14941 nucleotide (nt), comprising a leader sequence of 50 nt, nucleoprotein (N) gene of 1328 nt, phosphoprotein (P) gene of 858 nt, matrix protein (M) gene of 691 nt, glycoprotein (G) gene of 1897 nt, non-structural glycoprotein (GNS) gene of 1785 nt, α1α2 gene of 638 nt, β gene of 460 nt, γ gene of 400 nt, large multi-functional enzyme (L) gene of 6470 nt and a trailer sequence of 73 nt. Individual genes are separated by intergenic regions (IGRs) of 26, 44, 47, 51, 37, 39, 68 and -21 nt respectively. The overall organization is similar to an Australian BEFV isolate BB7721 but demonstrates some distinctive features including longer α3 and β open reading frames, intact termination/polyadenylation (TTP) sequence downstream of the β open reading frame and a longer β-γ IGR integrated with a 38 nt AT-rich fragment. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the complete genome of a BEFV strain of East Asian lineage, which may facilitate studies on genomic diversity among geographic strains of BEFV in China and the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shandian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhancheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingli Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abayli H, Tonbak S, Azkur AK, Bulut H. Complete genome analysis of highly pathogenic bovine ephemeral fever virus isolated in Turkey in 2012. Arch Virol 2017; 162:3233-3238. [PMID: 28674863 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Relatively high prevalence and mortality rates of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) have been reported in recent epidemics in some countries, including Turkey, when compared with previous outbreaks. A limited number of complete genome sequences of BEF virus (BEFV) are available in the GenBank Database. In this study, the complete genome of highly pathogenic BEFV isolated during an outbreak in Turkey in 2012 was analyzed for genetic characterization. The complete genome of the Turkish BEFV isolate was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequenced. It was found that the complete genome of the Turkish BEFV isolate was 14,901 nt in length. The complete genome sequence obtained from the study showed 91-92% identity at nucleotide level to Australian (BB7721) and Chinese (Bovine/China/Henan1/2012) BEFV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of the glycoprotein gene of the Turkish BEFV isolate also showed that Turkish isolates were closely related to Israeli isolates. Because of the limited number of complete BEFV genome sequences, the results from this study will be useful for understanding the global molecular epidemiology and geodynamics of BEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Abayli
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23110, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sukru Tonbak
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23110, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kursat Azkur
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University, 71450, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Hakan Bulut
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23110, Elazig, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hirashima Y, Nojiri M, Ohtsuka Y, Kato T, Shirafuji H, Kurazono M, Imafuji T, Yanase T. Resurgence of bovine ephemeral fever in mainland Japan in 2015 after a 23-year absence. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:904-911. [PMID: 28392506 PMCID: PMC5447980 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In September and October 2015, suspected cases of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were reported in the mainland region of Kagoshima Prefecture and on Tanegashima Island. The genome of the BEF virus (BEFV) was detected in the diseased cows and the cows that had recovered. The serum obtained from the affected cows contained high titers of BEFV-neutralizing antibody. In total, 18 affected cows were demonstrated to be infected with BEFV during the outbreak. Our findings showed evidence that BEF occurred in mainland Japan after a 23-year absence. Phylogenetic analysis based on the surface glycoprotein (G) gene revealed that BEFVs detected in the affected cows were genetically distinct from previous Japanese BEFVs, but were close to BEFVs circulating in Taiwan and mainland China in recent years. Amino acid substitution in the neutralizing epitope domains of the G protein was limited between the detected viruses and the vaccine strain (YHL isolate), and high titers of the neutralizing antibody against the YHL isolate were induced in the infected cattle during the disease occurrences. Therefore, current BEF vaccines probably elicit protective immunity against the BEFVs detected in 2015, although their effectiveness should be assessed. Since the BEFV vaccination rates are estimated to be low, a BEF outbreak should be considered a possibility in mainland Japan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Hirashima
- Kagoshima Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 1678 Yuda, Higashiichiki, Hioki, Kagoshima 899-2201, Japan
| | - Mariko Nojiri
- Kagoshima Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 1678 Yuda, Higashiichiki, Hioki, Kagoshima 899-2201, Japan.,Nansatsu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 4210-18 Kohri, Chiran, Minamikyushu, Kagoshima 897-0302, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ohtsuka
- Kumage Branch, Kagoshima Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 6065 Noma, Nakatane, Kagoshima 891-3604, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kato
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shirafuji
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Kurazono
- Kumage Branch, Kagoshima Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 6065 Noma, Nakatane, Kagoshima 891-3604, Japan
| | - Toyoshige Imafuji
- Nansatsu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 4210-18 Kohri, Chiran, Minamikyushu, Kagoshima 897-0302, Japan
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Erster O, Stram R, Menasherow S, Rubistein-Giuni M, Sharir B, Kchinich E, Stram Y. High-resolution melting (HRM) for genotyping bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV). Virus Res 2017; 229:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
33
|
Kato T, Yanase T, Suzuki M, Katagiri Y, Ikemiyagi K, Takayoshi K, Shirafuji H, Ohashi S, Yoshida K, Yamakawa M, Tsuda T. Monitoring for bovine arboviruses in the most southwestern islands in Japan between 1994 and 2014. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:125. [PMID: 27342576 PMCID: PMC4921034 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Japan, epizootic arboviral infections have severely impacted the livestock industry for a long period. Akabane, Aino, Chuzan, bovine ephemeral fever and Ibaraki viruses have repeatedly caused epizootic abnormal births and febrile illness in the cattle population. In addition, Peaton, Sathuperi, Shamonda and D’Aguilar viruses and epizootic hemorrhagic virus serotype 7 have recently emerged in Japan and are also considered to be involved in abnormal births in cattle. The above-mentioned viruses are hypothesized to circulate in tropical and subtropical Asia year round and to be introduced to temperate East Asia by long-distance aerial dispersal of infected vectors. To watch for arbovirus incursion and assess the possibility of its early warning, monitoring for arboviruses was conducted in the Yaeyama Islands, located at the most southwestern area of Japan, between 1994 and 2014. Results Blood sampling was conducted once a year, in the autumn, in 40 to 60 healthy cattle from the Yaeyama Islands. Blood samples were tested for arboviruses. A total of 33 arboviruses including Akabane, Peaton, Chuzan, D’ Aguilar, Bunyip Creek, Batai and epizootic hemorrhagic viruses were isolated from bovine blood samples. Serological surveillance for the bovine arboviruses associated with cattle diseases in young cattle (ages 6–12 months: had only been alive for one summer) clearly showed their frequent incursion into the Yaeyama Islands. In some cases, the arbovirus incursions could be detected in the Yaeyama Islands prior to their spread to mainland Japan. Conclusions We showed that long-term surveillance in the Yaeyama Islands could estimate the activity of bovine arboviruses in neighboring regions and may provide a useful early warning for likely arbovirus infections in Japan. The findings in this study could contribute to the planning of prevention and control for bovine arbovirus infections in Japan and cooperative efforts among neighboring countries in East Asia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0747-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kato
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan.
| | - Moemi Suzuki
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, 1-24-29 Kohagura, Naha, Okinawa, 900-0024, Japan
| | - Yoshito Katagiri
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, 1-24-29 Kohagura, Naha, Okinawa, 900-0024, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Ikemiyagi
- Yaeyama Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 1-2 Miyara, Ishigaki, Okinawa, 907-0022, Japan
| | - Katsunori Takayoshi
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, 1-24-29 Kohagura, Naha, Okinawa, 900-0024, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shirafuji
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan
| | - Seiichi Ohashi
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yoshida
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, 6-20-1 Josuihoncho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-0222, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamakawa
- Exotic Disease Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, 6-20-1 Josuihoncho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-0222, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Tsuda
- National Institute of Animal Health, NARO, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hayama Y, Moriguchi S, Yanase T, Suzuki M, Niwa T, Ikemiyagi K, Nitta Y, Yamamoto T, Kobayashi S, Murai K, Tsutsui T. Epidemiological analysis of bovine ephemeral fever in 2012-2013 in the subtropical islands of Japan. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:47. [PMID: 26956227 PMCID: PMC4784302 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is a febrile disease of cattle that is transmitted by arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes and Culicoides biting midges. An outbreak of BEF recently occurred in Ishigaki Island and surrounding islands that are located southwest of Japan. In this study, an epidemiological analysis was conducted to understand the temporal and spatial characteristics of the outbreak. Factors associated with the disease spread within Ishigaki Island were investigated by hierarchical Bayesian models. The possibility of between-island transmission by windborne vectors and transmission by long-distance migration of infected vectors were examined using atmospheric dispersion models. Results In September 2012, the first case of the disease was detected in the western part of Ishigaki Island. In 1 month, it had rapidly spread to the southern part of the island and to surrounding islands, and led to 225 suspected cases of BEF during the outbreak. The dispersion model demonstrated the high possibility of between-island transmission by wind. Spatial analysis showed that paddy fields, farmlands, and slope gradients had a significant impact on the 1-km cell-level incidence risk. These factors may have influenced the habitats and movements of the vectors with regard to the spread of BEF. A plausible incursion event of infected vectors from Southeast Asia to Ishigaki Island was estimated to have occurred at the end of August. Conclusion This study revealed that the condition of a terrain and land use significantly influenced disease transmission. These factors are important in assessing favorable environments for related vectors. The results of the dispersion model indicated the likely transmission of the infected vectors by wind on the local scale and on the long-distance scale. These findings would be helpful for developing a surveillance program and developing preventive measures against BEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hayama
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan.
| | - Sachiko Moriguchi
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan. .,Department of Environmental Science Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Moemi Suzuki
- Yaeyama Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Okinawa Prefectural Government, Okinawa, Japan. .,Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Niwa
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, Okinawa, Japan.
| | | | - Yoshiki Nitta
- Yaeyama Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Okinawa Prefectural Government, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Takehisa Yamamoto
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan.
| | - Sota Kobayashi
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan.
| | - Kiyokazu Murai
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Tsutsui
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Experimental infection with bovine ephemeral fever virus and analysis of its antibody response cattle. Res Vet Sci 2015; 104:146-51. [PMID: 26850553 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is an arthropod-borne viral disease that occurs throughout mainland China. LS11 obtained in the 2011 BEF epidemic was a wild strain, and its virulence and antibody response have never been studied in China. Therefore, the issues were investigated in this work. Experimental cattle were intravenously infected with different doses of BEF virus, and some non-infected cattle were simultaneously monitored. Blood and serum samples were collected from all animals over the course of our study. Infected cattle were challenged for a second time with BEF virus to determine protective period of the antibodies. BEF virus was detected in blood samples from infected cattle, but not in monitored cattle. The neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against BEFV were easier to be detected and persisted for longer periods in cattle infected with higher doses of BEFV than in those infected with lower doses. When the titer of nAbs was equal to 5 or 6, re-infected cattle still could mount a challenge against BEFV. However, after 3 or 6months, when nAbs were no longer apparent, re-infected cattle displayed typical symptoms of BEF. Our findings indicated that vaccination should be performed once the titer of nAb decreased to 5 or 6.
Collapse
|
36
|
Bakhshesh M, Abdollahi D. Bovine Ephemeral Fever in Iran: Diagnosis, Isolation and Molecular Characterization. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2015; 9:195-203. [PMID: 26623431 PMCID: PMC4662791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine ephemeral fever (BEFV) is an arthropod-borne disease of cattle and water buffaloes. BEFV occurs seasonally in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of Africa, Asia and Australia. It has been known for the past decades in Iran based on clinical signs but lack of an accurate diagnosis has made the real feature of disease obscured. This is the first scientific report on isolation and identification of the agent in which molecular diagnosis of BEFV was also set up with high sensitivity and specificity. METHODS The viral agent was successfully isolated through serial passages in brain of suckling mice and cell culture. In addition, the circulating virus during the autumn 2012 in Iran was molecularly characterized based on partial G gene. RESULTS Alignment of 3 virus sequences from different parts of Iran revealed that they are identical suggesting that the circulating viruses were most likely the same in this period. Phylogenetic analysis of the Iranian sequences with 17 sequences in the GenBank from the world showed that it is identical to the virus circulated in Turkey during the same period suggesting that the virus was circulated in a large geographic region. CONCLUSION These results offer primary information about BEFV in Iran. To better understanding the epidemiology of the virus, further studies based on seroepidemiology, molecular epidemiology, entomology and meteorology together with finding the model of animal transportation in the region are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Bakhshesh
- Animal Virology Department, Research and Diagnosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
New genetic mechanism, origin and population dynamic of bovine ephemeral fever virus. Vet Microbiol 2015; 182:50-6. [PMID: 26711028 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is a typical species of the genusEphemerovirus in the family Rhabdoviridae. Today, prevailing BEFV can be divided into three phylogeographic lineages, East Asia, Mideast, and Australia. In this study, we provide evidence that the whole East Asia lineage originates from a homologous recombination (HR) between the Mideast and Australia lineages that probably occurred in the 1940s. To our knowledge, HR has not been proposed before as the genetic mechanism of BEFV. According to the HR event and Bayesian estimation, the three BEFV lineages might originate from Africa, and may have spread to Asia and Australia through the Mideast. In addition, the population of the virus may have augmented significantly in the 2000s, suggesting that the risk for outbreaks of BEFV may be high at present.
Collapse
|
38
|
Ting LJ, Lee MS, Lin YL, Cheng MC, Lee F. Invasion of exotic bovine ephemeral fever virus into Taiwan in 2013-2014. Vet Microbiol 2015; 182:15-7. [PMID: 26711023 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus is a member of the family Rhabdoviridae and bovine ephemeral fever has frequently affected cattle population in Taiwan since 1967. During the outbreaks in 2013 and 2014, exotic bovine ephemeral fever viruses were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing. Sequence comparison showed that the exotic viruses shared 99.0-99.4% nucleotide identities (99.4-100.0% amino acid identities) with Chinese viruses and, on the contrary, 96.2-97.2% nucleotide identities (97.8-98.6% amino acid identities) with indigenous Taiwanese viruses. Additionally, our phylogenetic analysis also supported that the newly invaded bovine ephemeral fever viruses were closely related to the Chinese strains. These exotic 2013-2014 viruses have become prevalent and displaced indigenous virus strains since their appearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Jen Ting
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiuh Lee
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Yeou-Liang Lin
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Cheng
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Fan Lee
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Walker PJ, Klement E. Epidemiology and control of bovine ephemeral fever. Vet Res 2015; 46:124. [PMID: 26511615 PMCID: PMC4624662 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-015-0262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever (or 3-day sickness) is an acute febrile illness of cattle and water buffaloes. Caused by an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus, bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), the disease occurs seasonally over a vast expanse of the globe encompassing much of Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Australia. Although mortality rates are typically low, infection prevalence and morbidity rates during outbreaks are often very high, causing serious economic impacts through loss of milk production, poor cattle condition at sale and loss of traction power at harvest. There are also significant impacts on trade to regions in which the disease does not occur, including the Americas and most of Europe. In recent years, unusually severe outbreaks of bovine ephemeral fever have been reported from several regions in Asia and the Middle East, with mortality rates through disease or culling in excess of 10–20%. There are also concerns that, like other vector-borne diseases of livestock, the geographic distribution of bovine ephemeral fever could expand into regions that have historically been free of the disease. Here, we review current knowledge of the virus, including its molecular and antigenic structure, and the epidemiology of the disease across its entire geographic range. We also discuss the effectiveness of vaccination and other strategies to prevent or control infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Walker
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Eyal Klement
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li Z, Zheng F, Gao S, Wang S, Wang J, Liu Z, Du J, Yin H. Large-scale serological survey of bovine ephemeral fever in China. Vet Microbiol 2015; 176:155-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
41
|
Niwa T, Shirafuji H, Ikemiyagi K, Nitta Y, Suzuki M, Kato T, Yanase T. Occurrence of bovine ephemeral fever in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, in 2012 and development of a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay to detect bovine ephemeral fever virus gene. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 77:455-60. [PMID: 25648276 PMCID: PMC4427747 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In September 2012, several cows and a calf showed decreased activity, anorexia and fever on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, and the cases were diagnosed as bovine ephemeral fever (BEF). We isolated BEF virus (BEFV) from one of the affected cows and then determined the complete genome sequence of the G gene, which encodes a class I transmembrane glycoprotein of BEFV. The BEFV isolate in this case, ON-3/E/12, was sorted into the same cluster as other BEFV isolates in Japan, Taiwan and China obtained in 1996-2004 and was most closely related to a 2002 Chinese isolate, JT02L, according to the phylogenetic analysis of the complete G gene. Since inactivated vaccines for BEF available in Japan are considered effective against the ON-3/E/12 isolate as well as other isolates in East Asia from 1996-2004, annual vaccination should be conducted to prevent BEF in Okinawa. Additionally, in this study, we developed an RT-PCR assay to detect the BEFV gene in Japan and neighboring countries. Our assay was able to amplify target sequences in all of the tested BEFV isolates, including 18 isolates in Japan and another isolate in Australia. The assay was found to be useful also for testing RNA samples extracted from bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the detection limit of the assay was 10 copies per tube. We believe that our assay would be an important tool for the screening of BEFV infection and the diagnosis of BEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Niwa
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, 24-29 1-chome, Kohagura, Naha, Okinawa 900-0024, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ting LJ, Lee MS, Lee SH, Tsai HJ, Lee F. Relationships of bovine ephemeral fever epizootics to population immunity and virus variation. Vet Microbiol 2014; 173:241-8. [PMID: 25175802 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne bovine viral disease caused by infection with bovine ephemeral fever virus which belongs to genus Ephemerovirus within the family Rhabdoviridae. In this study, serological data and virological information about the disease and the virus, spanning from 2001 to 2013, were employed to analyze the relationships of bovine ephemeral fever epizootics to population immunity and virus variation. National and regional surveillance data indicated that 2 of the 3 major epizootics and 87% regional outbreaks were associated with lower neutralizing antibody titers and immunity coverage, reflecting the importance of population immunity for the control of bovine ephemeral fever. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparison demonstrated that Taiwanese bovine ephemeral fever viruses were >96.0% and >97.6% similar to the East Asian isolates in nucleotide and amino acid sequences, respectively. These analyses supported that the Taiwanese viruses shared the same gene pool with the strains of the other East Asian countries, mainly Japan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Jen Ting
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiuh Lee
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hwae Lee
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Jung Tsai
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
| | - Fan Lee
- Animal Health Research Institute, 376 Chung-Cheng Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tonbak S, Berber E, Yoruk MD, Azkur AK, Pestil Z, Bulut H. A large-scale outbreak of bovine ephemeral fever in Turkey, 2012. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75:1511-4. [PMID: 23800972 PMCID: PMC3942977 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Regional cases of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were documented previously in Turkey.
Previous cases were confirmed in South-East Turkey with low cow mortality. Recent
BEF-suspected outbreaks with high mortality were documented in many regions of Turkey in
2012. The aim of study was the epidemiological examination of the outbreak and molecular
characterization of the viruses detected from the outbreak. For this reason, blood samples
were collected from BEF-suspected outbreak regions. From the results of RT-PCR, high rate
of BEF-suspected samples (48/60 or 80%) was found positive for BEF virus (BEFV) RNA. The
nucleotide sequences of the G1 region of G gene of BEFV in the current study
during the 2012 outbreak were grouped into cluster II of BEFV. It was suggested that BEFV
may be spread out to other neighbor countries in the future years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukru Tonbak
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23110 Elazig, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Walker PJ. Bovine ephemeral fever: cyclic resurgence of a climate-sensitive vector-borne disease. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/ma13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|