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Zheng Q, Wang Z, Tan Y, Zhu K, Lu M. Over Activation of IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Juvenile Dermatomyositis. Rheumatol Ther 2024:10.1007/s40744-024-00699-6. [PMID: 39073510 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-024-00699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is characterized by persistent non-purulent inflammation in the muscle and skin. The underlying mechanisms still remain uncertain. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of interleukin-6 (IL-6) activation of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway (JAK/STAT3), contributing to the pathogenesis of JDM. METHODS Serum IL-6 levels were compared between 72 newly diagnosed patients with JDM and the same patient cohort in treatment remission. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was employed to identify differential signaling pathway expression in muscle biopsy samples from two patients with JDM and healthy controls. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine differences in STAT3 phosphorylation between JDM and control muscle tissues. In vitro, skeletal muscle cell lines were stimulated with IL-6, and the transcription levels of genes related to mitochondrial calcium channels were quantified via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured in both IL-6 treated and untreated groups. ROS levels were then compared between IL-6 receptor antagonist pre-treated skeletal muscle cells and untreated cells. RESULTS IL-6 levels in newly onset patients with JDM were significantly higher compared to the same patient cohort in remission states (p < 0.0001). Serum IL-6 was significantly increased in patients with negative myositis specific antibody (MSA), positive melanoma differentiation associated protein 5 (MDA5) and positive nuclear matrix protein 2 (NXP2), yet not for JDM with positive transcriptional intermediary factor γ (TIF1γ), based on subgroup analysis. ScRNA-seq analysis of muscle biopsies from patients with MDA5-positive JDM and patients with MSA negative JDM revealed abnormal activation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway in skeletal myocytes, macrophages, and vascular endothelial cells. The phosphorylation levels of STAT3 were elevated in active JDM cases. Transcription of the calcium channel modulation gene sarcolipin (SLN) was significantly higher in JDM primary skeletal muscle cells compared to normal cells. In vitro, IL-6 enhanced SLN transcription and induced ROS production, and blocking the IL-6 receptor resulted in decreased ROS generation in skeletal muscle cells. CONCLUSIONS IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway was abnormally activated in patients with JDM. IL-6 may be involved in the pathogenesis of muscle damage by triggering the development of calcium overload and production of ROS. Blockade of the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway can be a potential treatment option for JDM, especially MDA5-positive patients and those who are negative for MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoling Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yejun Tan
- School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiping Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Sánchez-Ramón S, Fuentes-Antrás J, Rider NL, Pérez-Segura P, de la Fuente-Muñoz E, Fernández-Arquero M, Neves E, Pérez de Diego R, Ocaña A, Guevara-Hoyer K. Exploring gastric cancer genetics: A turning point in common variable immunodeficiency. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100203. [PMID: 38283086 PMCID: PMC10818086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) stands as a prominent cause of cancer-related mortality and ranks second among the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Objective We sought to conduct a comprehensive, large-scale genetic analysis to explore the CVID-associated germline variant landscape within gastric adenocarcinoma samples and to seek to delineate the transcriptomic similarities between GC and CVID. Methods We investigated the presence of CVID-associated germline variants in 1591 GC samples and assessed their impact on tumor mutational load. The progression of GC was evaluated in patients with and without these variants. Transcriptomic similarities were explored by matching differentially expressed genes in GC to healthy gastric tissue with a CVID transcriptomic signature. Results CVID-associated germline variants were found in 60% of GC samples. Our analysis revealed a significant association between the presence of CVID-related genetic variants and higher tumor mutational load in GC (P < .0001); high GC mutational load seems to be linked to immunotherapy response and worse prognosis. Transcriptomic similarities unveiled key genes and pathways implicated in innate immune responses and tumorigenesis. We identified upregulated genes related to oncogene drivers, inflammation, tumor suppression, DNA repair, and downregulated immunomodulatory genes shared between GC and CVID. Conclusions Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of potential molecular modulators of GC and shed light on the intricate interplay between immunodeficiency and cancer. This study underscores the clinical relevance of CVID-related variants in influencing GC progression and opens avenues for further exploration into novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sánchez-Ramón
- Cancer Immunomonitoring and Immune-Mediated Diseases Research Unit, San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdSSC), Department of Clinical Immunology, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Instituto de médicina de laboratorio (IML) and IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Fuentes-Antrás
- Department of Medical Oncology, IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas L. Rider
- Division of Clinical Informatics, Pediatrics, Allergy and Immunology, Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine and Collaborative Health Partners, Lynchburg, Va
| | - Pedro Pérez-Segura
- Department of Medical Oncology, IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo de la Fuente-Muñoz
- Cancer Immunomonitoring and Immune-Mediated Diseases Research Unit, San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdSSC), Department of Clinical Immunology, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Instituto de médicina de laboratorio (IML) and IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Fernández-Arquero
- Cancer Immunomonitoring and Immune-Mediated Diseases Research Unit, San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdSSC), Department of Clinical Immunology, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Instituto de médicina de laboratorio (IML) and IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Neves
- Department of Immunology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rebeca Pérez de Diego
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ocaña
- Department of Medical Oncology, IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kissy Guevara-Hoyer
- Cancer Immunomonitoring and Immune-Mediated Diseases Research Unit, San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdSSC), Department of Clinical Immunology, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Instituto de médicina de laboratorio (IML) and IdSSC, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Stanilov N, Velikova T, Stanilova S. Navigating the Cytokine Seas: Targeting Cytokine Signaling Pathways in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1009. [PMID: 38256080 PMCID: PMC10815616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating continuous efforts to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Over the years, advancements in our understanding of the complex interplay between the immune system and cancer cells have led to the development of immunotherapies that revolutionize cancer treatment. Cytokines, as key regulators of the immune response, are involved in both the initiation and progression of cancer by affecting inflammation and manipulating multiple intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cell growth, proliferation, and migration. Cytokines, as key regulators of inflammation, have emerged as promising candidates for cancer therapy. This review article aims to provide an overview of the significance of cytokines in cancer development and therapy by highlighting the importance of targeting cytokine signaling pathways as a potential therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noyko Stanilov
- Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Tsvetelina Velikova
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1 Kozyak Str., 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spaska Stanilova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
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Mina E, Wyart E, Sartori R, Angelino E, Zaggia I, Rausch V, Maldotti M, Pagani A, Hsu MY, Friziero A, Sperti C, Menga A, Graziani A, Hirsch E, Oliviero S, Sandri M, Conti L, Kautz L, Silvestri L, Porporato PE. FK506 bypasses the effect of erythroferrone in cancer cachexia skeletal muscle atrophy. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101306. [PMID: 38052214 PMCID: PMC10772350 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a hallmark of cachexia, a wasting condition typical of chronic pathologies, that still represents an unmet medical need. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-Smad1/5/8 signaling alterations are emerging drivers of muscle catabolism, hence, characterizing these perturbations is pivotal to develop therapeutic approaches. We identified two promoters of "BMP resistance" in cancer cachexia, specifically the BMP scavenger erythroferrone (ERFE) and the intracellular inhibitor FKBP12. ERFE is upregulated in cachectic cancer patients' muscle biopsies and in murine cachexia models, where its expression is driven by STAT3. Moreover, the knock down of Erfe or Fkbp12 reduces muscle wasting in cachectic mice. To bypass the BMP resistance mediated by ERFE and release the brake on the signaling, we targeted FKBP12 with low-dose FK506. FK506 restores BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling, rescuing myotube atrophy by inducing protein synthesis. In cachectic tumor-bearing mice, FK506 prevents muscle and body weight loss and protects from neuromuscular junction alteration, suggesting therapeutic potential for targeting the ERFE-FKBP12 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Mina
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Wyart
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; VIMM: Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Elia Angelino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Ivan Zaggia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Rausch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Mara Maldotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Sp142 Km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Pagani
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Myriam Y Hsu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; Division of Cell Fate Dynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Alberto Friziero
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; General Surgery 1, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Cosimo Sperti
- General Surgery 2, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessio Menga
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Graziani
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Salvatore Oliviero
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Sp142 Km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; VIMM: Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Léon Kautz
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, University Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Silvestri
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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Barriola S, Delgado-García LM, Cartas-Cejudo P, Iñigo-Marco I, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, López-Mascaraque L. Orosomucoid-1 Arises as a Shared Altered Protein in Two Models of Multiple Sclerosis. Neuroscience 2023; 535:203-217. [PMID: 37949310 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system (CNS). It is characterized by a heterogeneous disease course involving demyelination and inflammation. In this study, we utilized two distinct animal models, cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), to replicate various aspects of the disease. We aimed to investigate the differential CNS responses by examining the proteomic profiles of EAE mice during the peak disease (15 days post-induction) and cuprizone-fed mice during the acute phase (38 days). Specifically, we focused on two different regions of the CNS: the dorsal cortex (Cx) and the entire spinal cord (SC). Our findings revealed varied glial, synaptic, dendritic, mitochondrial, and inflammatory responses within these regions for each model. Notably, we identified a single protein, Orosomucoid-1 (Orm1), also known as Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1), that consistently exhibited alterations in both models and regions. This study provides insights into the similarities and differences in the responses of these regions in two distinct demyelinating models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Barriola
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain; Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience, Autónoma de Madrid University-Cajal Institute, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Lina María Delgado-García
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, São Paulo 04039032, Brazil
| | - Paz Cartas-Cejudo
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Ignacio Iñigo-Marco
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Laura López-Mascaraque
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain.
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Temby M, Boye TL, Hoang J, Nielsen OH, Gubatan J. Kinase Signaling in Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1620. [PMID: 38002302 PMCID: PMC10669043 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a known complication of chronic inflammation of the colon ("colitis-associated colon cancer"). Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with IBD are at increased risk of colon cancer compared to the general population. Kinase signaling pathways play critical roles in both the inflammation and regulating cellular processes such as proliferation and survival that contribute to cancer development. Here we review the interplay of kinase signaling pathways (mitogen-activated protein kinases, cyclin-dependent kinases, autophagy-activated kinases, JAK-STAT, and other kinases) and their effects on colitis-associated colon cancer. We also discuss the role of JAK-STAT signaling in the pathogenesis of IBD and the therapeutic landscape of JAK inhibitors for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Temby
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA; (M.T.); (J.H.)
| | - Theresa L. Boye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (T.L.B.); (O.H.N.)
| | - Jacqueline Hoang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA; (M.T.); (J.H.)
| | - Ole H. Nielsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (T.L.B.); (O.H.N.)
| | - John Gubatan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA; (M.T.); (J.H.)
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Li K, Zeng X, Liu P, Zeng X, Lv J, Qiu S, Zhang P. The Role of Inflammation-Associated Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4301-4315. [PMID: 37791117 PMCID: PMC10544098 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s428358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which originates in the head or neck tissues, is characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Inflammation is important in HNSCC prognosis. Inflammatory cells and their secreted factors contribute to the various stages of HNSCC development through multiple mechanisms. In this review, the mechanisms through which inflammatory factors, signaling pathways, and cells contribute to the initiation and progression of HNSCC have been discussed in detail. Furthermore, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of targeting inflammation in HNSCC has been discussed to gain new insights into improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Lv
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Cai L, Wang Y, Chen H, Tan Y, Yang T, Zhang S, Guo Z, Wang X. Platinum(IV) Complexes as Inhibitors of STAT3 and Regulators of the Tumor Microenvironment To Control Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11351-11364. [PMID: 37578941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Interplay between breast cancer (BC) cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) influences the outcome of cancer treatment. Aberrant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) promotes the interaction and causes immunosuppression and drug resistance. Platinum(IV) complexes SPP and DPP bearing pterostilbene-derived axial ligand(s) were synthesized to inhibit the JAK2-STAT3 pathway in BC cells and regulate the TME. These complexes exerted remarkable antiproliferative activity against the triple-negative BC cells, suppressed the expression of phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT3-related cyclooxygenase-2 and IL-6, and activated caspase-3 and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase, preventing the repair of DNA lesions and inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, DPP promoted the maturation and antigen presentation of dendritic cells, repressed the proliferation and differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, and facilitated the expansion of T cells. As a consequence, DPP showed excellent anticancer activity against BC with almost no general toxicity in vivo as a potential chemoimmunotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hanhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yehong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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Rajakumar T, Pugalendhi P. Allyl isothiocyanate inhibits invasion and angiogenesis in breast cancer via EGFR-mediated JAK-1/STAT-3 signaling pathway. Amino Acids 2023; 55:981-992. [PMID: 37310534 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis are the main events of cancer cells. JAK-1/STAT-3 is a key intracellular signaling transduction pathway, which controls the growth, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis of various cancer cells. The present study explored the impact of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on the JAK-1/STAT-3 pathway in DMBA-induced rat mammary tumorigenesis. The mammary tumor was initiated through a single dose of 25 mg DMBA/rat by a subcutaneous injection administered near the mammary gland. We observed decreased body weight and increased the total number of tumors, tumor incidence, tumor volume, well-developed tumor, and histopathological abnormalities in DMBA-induced rats that were modulated after being treated with AITC. Staining of mammary tissues showed a high accumulation of collagen in DMBA-induced rats and it was normalized by the AITC treatment. Moreover, DMBA-induced mammary tissues showed up-regulated expressions of EGFR, pJAK-1, pSTAT-3, nuclear fraction of STAT-3, VEGF, VEGFR2, HIF-1α, MMP-2, and MMP-9 and the down-regulated expressions of cytosolic fraction of STAT-3 and TIMP-2. Oral administration of AITC on DMBA-induced rats inhibits angiogenesis and invasion by modifying these angiogenic and invasive markers. The finding of the present study was further confirmed by molecular docking analysis that shows a strong binding interaction between AITC with STAT-3 and cocrystal structure of STAT-3 glide energy of -18.123 and -72.246 (kcal/mole), respectively. Overall, the results suggested that AITC inhibits activation of the JAK-1/STAT-3 pathway, which subsequently prevents angiogenesis and invasion. It was recommended that AITC might develop a beneficial effect against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangarasu Rajakumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pachaiappan Pugalendhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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10
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Razi S, Haghparast A, Chodari Khameneh S, Ebrahimi Sadrabadi A, Aziziyan F, Bakhtiyari M, Nabi-Afjadi M, Tarhriz V, Jalili A, Zalpoor H. The role of tumor microenvironment on cancer stem cell fate in solid tumors. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:143. [PMID: 37328876 PMCID: PMC10273768 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01129-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the role of cancer stem cells in initiating tumors, metastasis, invasion, and resistance to therapies has been recognized as a potential target for tumor therapy. Understanding the mechanisms by which CSCs contribute to cancer progression can help to provide novel therapeutic approaches against solid tumors. In this line, the effects of mechanical forces on CSCs such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cellular plasticity, etc., the metabolism pathways of CSCs, players of the tumor microenvironment, and their influence on the regulating of CSCs can lead to cancer progression. This review focused on some of these mechanisms of CSCs, paving the way for a better understanding of their regulatory mechanisms and developing platforms for targeted therapies. While progress has been made in research, more studies will be required in the future to explore more aspects of how CSCs contribute to cancer progression. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Razi
- Vira Pioneers of Modern Science (VIPOMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Amin Ebrahimi Sadrabadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACER, Tehran, Iran
- Cytotech and Bioinformatics Research Group, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bakhtiyari
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 5163639888, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Arsalan Jalili
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACER, Tehran, Iran.
- Parvaz Research Ideas Supporter Institute, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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11
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Shah MA, Yoshino T, Tebbutt NC, Grothey A, Tabernero J, Xu RH, Cervantes A, Oh SC, Yamaguchi K, Fakih M, Falcone A, Wu C, Chiu VK, Tomasek J, Bendell J, Fontaine M, Hitron M, Xu B, Taieb J, Van Cutsem E. Napabucasin Plus FOLFIRI in Patients With Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Results From the Open-Label, Randomized Phase III CanStem303C Study. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2023; 22:100-110. [PMID: 36503738 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Napabucasin is an investigational, orally administered reactive oxygen species generator bioactivated by intracellular antioxidant NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 that has been evaluated in various solid tumors, including metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) is hypothesized to predict response in napabucasin-treated patients with mCRC. PATIENT AND METHODS In the multi-center, open-label, phase III CanStem303C (NCT02753127) study, adults with histologically confirmed mCRC that progressed on first-line fluoropyrimidine plus oxaliplatin ± bevacizumab were randomized to twice-daily napabucasin plus FOLFIRI (napabucasin) or FOLFIRI alone (control). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) in the general study population and in patients with pSTAT3-positive tumors (biomarker-positive). RESULTS In the general study population (napabucasin, n = 624; control, n = 629), median OS was 14.3 months for napabucasin and 13.8 months for control (hazard ratio [HR], 0.976, one-sided P = .74). Overall, 44% of patients were biomarker-positive (napabucasin, n = 275; control, n = 272). In the biomarker-positive population, median OS was 13.2 months for napabucasin and 12.1 months for control (HR, 0.969; one-sided P > .99). In the control arm, median OS was shorter for biomarker-positive versus biomarker negative patients (12.1 vs. 18.5 months; HR, 1.518; nominal 2-sided P = .0002). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were diarrhea (napabucasin, 84.6%; control, 53.9%), nausea (60.5%, 50.5%), vomiting (41.2%, 29.3%), and abdominal pain (41.0%, 25.2%). Grade ≥3 TEAEs occurred in 73.8% of napabucasin-treated and 66.7% of control-treated patients, most commonly diarrhea (21.2%, 7.0%), neutrophil count decreased (13.7%, 19.2%), and neutropenia (13.3%, 15.2%). Safety was similar in biomarker-positive patients. CONCLUSION In patients with previously treated mCRC, adding napabucasin to FOLFIRI did not improve OS. Results from the control arm indicate that pSTAT3 is an adverse prognostic factor in mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish A Shah
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY.
| | | | - Niall C Tebbutt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Axel Grothey
- West Cancer Center and Research Institute, Germantown, TN
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Campus and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), IOB-Quiron, UVic- UCC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andres Cervantes
- Incliva Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sang Cheul Oh
- Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kensei Yamaguchi
- Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marwan Fakih
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Alfredo Falcone
- University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Christina Wu
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Vi K Chiu
- The Angeles Clinic & Research Institute, a Cedars-Sinai affiliate, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jiri Tomasek
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Johanna Bendell
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | - Bo Xu
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Oncology, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - Julien Taieb
- Hôpital Europeen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France; CARPEM Cancer Institute, Paris, France
| | - Eric Van Cutsem
- University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven & KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Formslag CR, Zhao L, Heslin AJ, Lewis CC, Miller CW, Bai Q, Wakefield MR, Fang Y. The past, present, and future of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:95. [PMID: 36786890 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01967-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is prevalent worldwide, with various factors influencing the survival rate of late-stage metastatic cases. Current standard treatments include surgical removal, adjuvant chemotherapy, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Novel immunotherapy research shows promising results for various cancer types, including colorectal cancer. Current immunotherapy options are limited to specific molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer, while the remaining are limited to standard protocol. This review article summarizes approved, developing, and potential sources for novel colorectal cancer immunotherapy treatment through active-specific, checkpoint inhibitor, cytokine, cytotoxic, and adoptive T-cell immunotherapy. Such a study would be beneficial to patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole R Formslag
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, AH, 230011, China
| | - Aidan J Heslin
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Cade C Lewis
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Caleb W Miller
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Mark R Wakefield
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA. .,Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA. .,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA. .,Department of Microbiology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA.
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13
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Kauerová T, Pérez-Pérez MJ, Kollar P. Salicylanilides and Their Anticancer Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021728. [PMID: 36675241 PMCID: PMC9861143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Salicylanilides are pharmacologically active compounds with a wide spectrum of biological effects. Halogenated salicylanilides, which have been used for decades in human and veterinary medicine as anthelmintics, have recently emerged as candidates for drug repurposing in oncology. The most prominent example of salicylanilide anthelmintic, that is intensively studied for its potential anticancer properties, is niclosamide. Nevertheless, recent studies have discovered extensive anticancer potential in a number of other salicylanilides. This potential of their anticancer action is mediated most likely by diverse mechanisms of action such as uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor, modulation of different signaling pathways as Wnt/β-catenin, mTORC1, STAT3, NF-κB and Notch signaling pathways or induction of B-Raf V600E inhibition. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge about the proposed mechanisms of action of anticancer activity of salicylanilides based on preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, or structural requirements for such an activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Kauerová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Peter Kollar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-541-562-892
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14
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Kennel KB, Burmeister J, Radhakrishnan P, Giese NA, Giese T, Salfenmoser M, Gebhardt JM, Strowitzki MJ, Taylor CT, Wielockx B, Schneider M, Harnoss JM. The HIF-prolyl hydroxylases have distinct and nonredundant roles in colitis-associated cancer. JCI Insight 2022; 7:153337. [PMID: 36509284 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.153337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is a severe complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (PHD1, PHD2, and PHD3) control cellular adaptation to hypoxia and are considered promising therapeutic targets in IBD. However, their relevance in the pathogenesis of CAC remains elusive. We induced CAC in Phd1-/-, Phd2+/-, Phd3-/-, and WT mice with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Phd1-/- mice were protected against chronic colitis and displayed diminished CAC growth compared with WT mice. In Phd3-/- mice, colitis activity and CAC growth remained unaltered. In Phd2+/- mice, colitis activity was unaffected, but CAC growth was aggravated. Mechanistically, Phd2 deficiency (i) increased the number of tumor-associated macrophages in AOM/DSS-induced tumors, (ii) promoted the expression of EGFR ligand epiregulin in macrophages, and (iii) augmented the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling, which at least in part contributed to aggravated tumor cell proliferation in colitis-associated tumors. Consistently, Phd2 deficiency in hematopoietic (Vav:Cre-Phd2fl/fl) but not in intestinal epithelial cells (Villin:Cre-Phd2fl/fl) increased CAC growth. In conclusion, the 3 different PHD isoenzymes have distinct and nonredundant effects, promoting (PHD1), diminishing (PHD2), or neutral (PHD3), on CAC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian B Kennel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery and
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Giese
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine, Systems Biology Ireland, and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ben Wielockx
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
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15
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Khatoon E, Hegde M, Kumar A, Daimary UD, Sethi G, Bishayee A, Kunnumakkara AB. The multifaceted role of STAT3 pathway and its implication as a potential therapeutic target in oral cancer. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:507-534. [PMID: 35987863 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, and it has become a matter of serious concern due to the alarming rise in its incidence rate worldwide. Despite recent advancements in oral cancer treatment strategies, there are no significant improvements in patient's survival rate. Among the numerous cell signaling pathways involved in oral cancer development and progression, STAT3 is known to play a multifaceted oncogenic role in shaping the tumor pathophysiology. STAT3 hyperactivation in oral cancer contributes to survival, proliferation, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis, immunosuppression, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. A plethora of pre-clinical and clinical studies have documented the role of STAT3 in the initiation and development of oral cancer and showed that STAT3 inhibition holds significant potential in the prevention and treatment of this cancer. However, to date, targeting STAT3 activation mainly involves inhibiting the upstream signaling molecules such as JAK and IL-6 receptors. The major challenge in targeting STAT3 lies in the complexity of its phosphorylation- and dimerization-independent functions, which are not affected by disrupting the upstream regulators. The present review delineates the significance of the STAT3 pathway in regulating various hallmarks of oral cancer. In addition, it highlights the STAT3 inhibitors identified to date through various preclinical and clinical studies that can be employed for the therapeutic intervention in oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India. .,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
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16
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Shah MA, Shitara K, Lordick F, Bang YJ, Tebbutt NC, Metges JP, Muro K, Lee KW, Shen L, Tjulandin S, Hays JL, Starling N, Xu RH, Sturtz K, Fontaine M, Oh C, Brooks EM, Xu B, Li W, Li CJ, Borodyansky L, Van Cutsem E. Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Study of Paclitaxel ± Napabucasin in Pretreated Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:OF1-OF9. [PMID: 35833783 PMCID: PMC9433958 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-4021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare napabucasin (generator of reactive oxygen species) plus paclitaxel with paclitaxel only in patients with second-line advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In the double-blind, phase III BRIGHTER study (NCT02178956), patients were randomized (1:1) to napabucasin (480 mg orally twice daily) plus paclitaxel (80 mg/m2 i.v. weekly for 3 of 4 weeks) or placebo plus paclitaxel. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety. RESULTS Overall, 714 patients were randomized (napabucasin plus paclitaxel, n = 357; placebo plus paclitaxel, n = 357). 72.1% were male, 74.6% had gastric adenocarcinoma, and 46.2% had peritoneal metastases. The study was unblinded following an interim analysis at 380 deaths. The final efficacy analysis was performed on 565 deaths (median follow-up, 6.8 months). No significant differences were observed between napabucasin plus paclitaxel and placebo plus paclitaxel for OS (6.93 vs. 7.36 months), PFS (3.55 vs. 3.68 months), ORR (16% vs. 18%), or DCR (55% vs. 58%). Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 69.5% and 59.7% of patients administered napabucasin plus paclitaxel and placebo plus paclitaxel, respectively, with grade ≥3 diarrhea reported in 16.2% and 1.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Adding napabucasin to paclitaxel did not improve survival in patients with pretreated advanced gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma. Consistent with previous reports, the safety profile of napabucasin was driven by manageable gastrointestinal events; grade ≥3 diarrhea occurred at a higher frequency with napabucasin plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish A. Shah
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Kohei Shitara
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East and the Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Florian Lordick
- Department of Oncology, University Cancer Center Leipzig, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Niall C. Tebbutt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jean-Phillippe Metges
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHRU de Brest-Hopital Morvan, Arpego Network Brest, Bretagne, France
| | - Kei Muro
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keun-Wook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Sergei Tjulandin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - John L. Hays
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Naureen Starling
- Gastrointestinal Unit, The Royal Marsden, London & Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keren Sturtz
- Western States Cancer Research NCORP, Denver, Colorado
| | | | - Cindy Oh
- Sumitomo Pharma Oncology, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Bo Xu
- Sumitomo Pharma Oncology, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Li
- Sumitomo Pharma Oncology, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Chiang J. Li
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- 1Globe Health Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Eric Van Cutsem
- Department of Gastroenterology/Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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17
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A Review of Toxicity Mechanism Studies of Electronic Cigarettes on Respiratory System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095030. [PMID: 35563421 PMCID: PMC9102406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have attracted much attention as a new substitute for conventional cigarettes. E-cigarettes are first exposed to the respiratory system after inhalation, and studies on the toxicity mechanisms of e-cigarettes have been reported. Current research shows that e-cigarette exposure may have potentially harmful effects on cells, animals, and humans, while the safety evaluation of the long-term effects of e-cigarette use is still unknown. Similar but not identical to conventional cigarettes, the toxicity mechanisms of e-cigarettes are mainly manifested in oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and DNA damage. This review will summarize the toxicity mechanisms and signal pathways of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes concerning the respiratory system, which could give researchers a better understanding and direction on the effects of e-cigarettes on our health.
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18
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Yang R, Song Y, Shakoor K, Yi W, Peng C, Liu S. Insights into the role of STAT3 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:171. [PMID: 35302174 PMCID: PMC8971913 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a primary malignant liver tumour whose incidence is second only to that of hepatocellular carcinoma. ICC is a highly heterogeneous disease arising from neoplastic transformation of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (cholangiocytes), and it is characterized by a very poor prognosis. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an important oncogene that is widely expressed in numerous cancers. STAT3 is a candidate target for the treatment of ICC. However, studies on STAT3 and the occurrence and development of ICC require improvements. Therefore, the present review summarized the mechanism of STAT3 in ICC and provided a theoretical basis for STAT3 to become an effective target for determining the prognosis and treatment of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranzhiqiang Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Kashif Shakoor
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Chuang Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Sulai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
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Abstract
Macrophages are cells of the innate immune system and represent an important component of the first-line defense against pathogens and tumor cells. Here, their diverse functions in inflammation and tumor defense are described, and the mechanisms, tools, and activation pathways and states applied are presented. The main focus is on the role and origin of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the important signal pathways TLR/NF-κB, and the M1/M2 polarization of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Lendeckel
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Simone Venz
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carmen Wolke
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
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Nawaz FZ, Kipreos ET. Emerging roles for folate receptor FOLR1 in signaling and cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:159-174. [PMID: 35094917 PMCID: PMC8923831 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Folates are B vitamins that function in one-carbon metabolism. Folate receptors are one of three major types of folate transporters. The folate receptors FOLR1 and FOLR2 are overexpressed in multiple cancers. The overexpression of FOLR1 is often associated with increased cancer progression and poor patient prognosis. There is emerging evidence that FOLR1 is involved in signaling pathways that are independent of one-carbon metabolism. Recent publications implicate a direct role of FOLR1 in three signaling pathways: JAK-STAT3, ERK1/2, and as a transcription factor. Six other signaling pathways have been proposed to include FOLR1, but these currently lack sufficient data to infer a direct signaling role for FOLR1. We discuss the data that support noncanonical roles for FOLR1, and its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima Zahra Nawaz
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Edward T Kipreos
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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21
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Tanriover G, Dilmac S, Aytac G, Farooqi AA, Sindel M. Effects of melatonin and doxorubicin on primary tumor and metastasis in breast cancer model. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1970-1983. [PMID: 34961467 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666211213094258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin exerts oncostatic effects on breast cancer via immunomodulation and anti-oxidation. Doxorubicin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent, but parallel studies also provide ample evidence of an off-target effect of Doxorubicin in breast cancer patients. OBJECTIVE Combinatorial use of doxorubicin and melatonin has not been comprehensively analyzed in breast cancer models. We hypothesized that the anti-oxidative, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin could ameliorate the off-target effects of doxorubicin in breast cancer patients and enhance the anti-tumoral effects of doxorubicin. The goal of the study is to test this hypothesis in cancer cell lines and xenografted mice. METHODS The effects of Melatonin and doxorubicin on the cell viability were evaluated in 4T1-Brain Metastatic Tumor (4TBM). Furthermore, the effects of melatonin and doxorubicin on the primary tumors and systemic metastasis were evaluated in the xenografted mice. Lung and liver tissues were removed and metastasis analyses were performed. The levels of p65, phospho-STAT3, CD11b+, GR1+, Ki67, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins were determined with immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. We examined the effects of melatonin and Melatonin+Doxorubicin combination therapy on 4TBM cells. RESULTS Our results showed that doxorubicin inhibited the proliferation of metastatic breast cancer cells while melatonin did not affect cells. Tumor growth and metastasis were markedly suppressed in melatonin alone and combination with doxorubicin. The expression of CD11b+ and GR1+ proteins which are indicators of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were noted to be reduced in both primary tumor and metastatic tissues in melatonin and doxorubicin groups. CONCLUSION The combination of melatonin with doxorubicin reduced primary tumor growth and distant metastasis. Based on these results, melatonin is a promising candidate for combinatory use with conventional chemotherapeutics for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Tanriover
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Antalya. Turkey
| | - Sayra Dilmac
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Antalya. Turkey
| | - Gunes Aytac
- TOBB University of Economics & Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Ankara. Turkey
| | | | - Muzaffer Sindel
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine Department of Anatomy, Antalya. Turkey
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22
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Opposing Effects of Chelidonine on Tyrosine and Serine Phosphorylation of STAT3 in Human Uveal Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312974. [PMID: 34884773 PMCID: PMC8658041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT3 is a transcription factor that regulates various cellular processes with oncogenic potential, thereby promoting tumorigenesis when activated uncontrolled. STAT3 activation is mediated by its tyrosine phosphorylation, triggering dimerization and nuclear translocation. STAT3 also contains a serine phosphorylation site, with a postulated regulatory role in STAT3 activation and G2/M transition. Interleukin-6, a major activator of STAT3, is present in elevated concentrations in uveal melanomas, suggesting contribution of dysregulated STAT3 activation to their pathogenesis. Here, we studied the impact of chelidonine on STAT3 signaling in human uveal melanoma cells. Chelidonine, an alkaloid isolated from Chelidonium majus, disrupts microtubules, causes mitotic arrest and provokes cell death in numerous tumor cells. According to our flow cytometry and confocal microscopy data, chelidonine abrogated IL-6-induced activation and nuclear translocation, but amplified constitutive serine phosphorylation of STAT3. Both effects were restricted to a fraction of cells only, in an all-or-none fashion. A partial overlap could be observed between the affected subpopulations; however, no direct connection could be proven. This study is the first proof on a cell-by-cell basis for the opposing effects of a microtubule-targeting agent on the two types of STAT3 phosphorylation.
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23
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Zhou J, Hou J, Wang J, Wang J, Gao J, Bai Y. Brusatol inhibits laryngeal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis via abrogating JAK2/STAT3 signaling mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Life Sci 2021; 284:119907. [PMID: 34453950 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed at investigating the role of Brusatol (BR) on human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cell (Hep-2) to study its underlying mechanism through in vitro and in vivo approaches. MATERIALS AND METHOD In the present research, we employed various cell-based assays, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle assessment, migration and invasion assays were used to examine the anti-tumor effect of BR on Hep-2 cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to study the underlying molecular mechanisms. To validate our in vitro findings we used a subcutaneous tumor-bearing model of Balb/c mice with Hep-2 cells of laryngeal carcinoma (LC) to study the inhibitory effect of BR on Hep-2 cells in vivo. KEY FINDINGS The results indicated that BR markedly inhibited the viability, migration and invasion capacity of Hep-2 cells, with no significant toxic effect on normal Human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). Also, BR induced cellular apoptosis by blocking the cells in S phase to suppress cell proliferation. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that BR inhibited the protein expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers. Mechanistically, western blotting results exhibited that BR could suppress the protein expression of both JAK2/STAT3 and their phosphorylation levels. Our in vivo experiments further validated the anti-tumor effect of BR on Hep-2 cells in vitro, where BR suppressed the growth of xenograft laryngeal tumor without apparent toxicity. SIGNIFICANCE The present study highlights the anti-LC effect of BR by possibly abrogating JAK2/STAT3 signaling mediated EMT process. BR may be a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Jing Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jianping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yun'e Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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24
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Payazdan M, Khatami S, Galehdari H, Delfan N, Shafiei M, Heydaran S. The anti-inflammatory effects of sialic acid on the human glia cells by the upregulation of IL-4 and IL-10 genes' expressions. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Luo F, Lu FT, Qiu MZ, Zhou T, Ma WJ, Luo M, Zeng KM, Luo QY, Pan WT, Zhang L, Xia ZF, Zhang ZH, Cao JX, Zhao HY, Zhang L, Yang DJ. Gemcitabine and APG-1252, a novel small molecule inhibitor of BCL-2/BCL-XL, display a synergistic antitumor effect in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through the JAK-2/STAT3/MCL-1 signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:772. [PMID: 34354046 PMCID: PMC8342713 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a poor prognosis, with an unfavorable response to palliative chemotherapy. Unfortunately, there are few effective therapeutic regimens. Therefore, we require novel treatment strategies with enhanced efficacy. The present study aimed to investigate the antitumor efficacy of APG-1252-M1, a dual inhibitor of BCL-2/BCL-XL, as a single agent and combined with gemcitabine. We applied various apoptotic assays and used subcutaneous transplanted NPC model to assess the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. Moreover, phospho-tyrosine kinase array was used to investigate the combined therapy’s potential synergistic mechanism. In addition, further validation was performed using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. In vitro, we observed that APG-1252-M1 had moderate antitumor activity toward NPC cells; however, it markedly improved gemcitabine’s ability to promote NPC cell apoptosis and suppress invasion, migration, and proliferation. Specifically, APG-1252 plus gemcitabine exhibited even remarkable antitumor activity in vivo. Mechanistically, the drug combination synergistically suppressed NPC by activating caspase-dependent pathways, blocking the phospho (p)-JAK-2/STAT3/MCL-1 signaling pathway, and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, the results indicated that the combination of APG-1252 and gemcitabine has synergistic anticancer activities against NPC, providing a promising treatment modality for patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Luo
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat- Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei-Teng Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao-Zhen Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Juan Ma
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat- Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang-Mei Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Yun Luo
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat- Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Tao Pan
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co, Ltd, 218 Xinghu Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat- Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeng-Fei Xia
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat- Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Han Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xin Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat- Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Da-Jun Yang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat- Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Wheeler DS, Misumi K, Walker NM, Vittal R, Combs MP, Aoki Y, Braeuer RR, Lama VN. Interleukin 6 trans-signaling is a critical driver of lung allograft fibrosis. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:2360-2371. [PMID: 33249747 PMCID: PMC8809084 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Histopathologic examination of lungs afflicted by chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) consistently shows both mononuclear cell (MNC) inflammation and mesenchymal cell (MC) fibroproliferation. We hypothesize that interleukin 6 (IL-6) trans-signaling may be a critical mediator of MNC-MC crosstalk and necessary for the pathogenesis of CLAD. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid obtained after the diagnosis of CLAD has approximately twofold higher IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) levels compared to matched pre-CLAD samples. Human BAL-derived MCs do not respond to treatment with IL-6 alone but have rapid and prolonged JAK2-mediated STAT3 Tyr705 phosphorylation when exposed to the combination of IL-6 and sIL-6R. STAT3 phosphorylation within MCs upregulates numerous genes causing increased invasion and fibrotic differentiation. MNC, a key source of both IL-6 and sIL-6R, produce minimal amounts of these proteins at baseline but significantly upregulate production when cocultured with MCs. Finally, the use of an IL-6 deficient recipient in a murine orthotopic transplant model of CLAD reduces allograft fibrosis by over 50%. Taken together these results support a mechanism where infiltrating MNCs are stimulated by resident MCs to release large quantities of IL-6 and sIL-6R which then feedback onto the MCs to increase invasion and fibrotic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Wheeler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Keizo Misumi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Natalie M Walker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ragini Vittal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael P Combs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yoshiro Aoki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Russell R Braeuer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Vibha N Lama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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27
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Abstract
Purpose of Review IL-6 is a pleiotropic, pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an integral role in the development of acute and chronic rejection after solid organ transplantation. This article reviews the experimental evidence and current clinical application of IL-6/IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) signaling inhibition for the prevention and treatment of allograft injury. Recent Findings There exists a robust body of evidence linking IL-6 to allograft injury mediated by acute inflammation, adaptive cellular/humoral responses, innate immunity, and fibrosis. IL-6 promotes the acute phase reaction, induces B cell maturation/antibody formation, directs cytotoxic T-cell differentiation, and inhibits regulatory T-cell development. Importantly, blockade of the IL-6/IL-6R signaling pathway has been shown to mitigate its harmful effects in experimental studies, particularly in models of kidney and heart transplant rejection. Currently, available agents for IL-6 signaling inhibition include monoclonal antibodies against IL-6 or IL-6R and janus kinase inhibitors. Recent clinical trials have investigated the use of tocilizumab, an anti-IL-6R mAb, for desensitization and treatment of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in kidney transplant recipients, with promising initial results. Further studies are underway investigating the use of alternative agents including clazakizumab, an anti-IL-6 mAb, and application of IL-6 signaling blockade to clinical cardiac transplantation. Summary IL-6/IL-6R signaling inhibition provides a novel therapeutic option for the prevention and treatment of allograft injury. To date, evidence from clinical trials supports the use of IL-6 blockade for desensitization and treatment of AMR in kidney transplant recipients. Ongoing and future clinical trials will further elucidate the role of IL-6 signaling inhibition in other types of solid organ transplantation.
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28
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Li X, Chen X, Hu X, Shen Y, Xu R, Wu L, Shen X. Overexpression of GUCY1A2 Correlates With Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:632172. [PMID: 34113559 PMCID: PMC8185334 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.632172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine phosphate (cGMP) play important roles in blood pressure regulation, neurotransmitter delivery, renal function, and tumorigenesis and development. The intermediate link of this signaling pathway, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), is particularly important. However, the role of the GUCY1A2 gene encoding the sGC α2 subunit is unknown. Methods Gene expression and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. After screening for GUCY1A2 expression, the expression differences between gastric cancer (GC) tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues were determined using R software. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and meta-analysis were used to verify the result. The correlation between the expression of GUCY1A2 and clinicopathological parameters was explored by logistic regression. Then, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the Cox proportional hazards regression were used to evaluate the relationship between the expression of GUCY1A2 and the survival of GC patients. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore and analyze the GC-related signaling pathways affected by high GUCY1A2 expression. Results We found that GUCY1A2 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues (P < 0.001). qRT-PCR (P < 0.001) and meta-analysis (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.20-1.10) confirmed the difference in GUCY1A2 expression. Logistic regression analysis showed that high expression of GUCY1A2 was associated with histological grade (OR=1.858 for poor vs. well or moderate, P = 0.004) and T stage (OR = 3.389 for T3 vs. T1, P = 0.025; OR = 3.422 for T4 vs. T1, P = 0.028). Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that GC patients with high expression of GUCY1A2 had a poor prognosis than that of patients with low expression. Univariate analysis indicated that GUCY1A2 and some clinicopathological parameters, such as age, pathological stage, and TNM stage, may predict poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis further confirmed that GUCY1A2 was an independent prognostic marker (HR = 1.699; 95%CI, 1.175-2.456; P = 0.005). GSEA showed that the high GUCY1A2 phenotype is significantly enriched for tumor-associated signaling pathways. Conclusions GUCY1A2 is highly expressed in GC and may be used as a potential prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueju Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leilei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Recurrence in Oral Premalignancy: Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050872. [PMID: 34066207 PMCID: PMC8151734 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral leukoplakia (OL) has a propensity for recurrence and malignant transformation (MT). Herein, we evaluate sociodemographic, clinical, microscopic and immunohistochemical parameters as predictive factors for OL recurrence, also comparing primary lesions (PLs) with recurrences. Thirty-three patients with OL, completely removed either by excisional biopsy or by laser ablation following incisional biopsy, were studied. Selected molecules associated with the STAT3 oncogenic pathway, including pSTAT3, Bcl-xL, survivin, cyclin D1 and Ki-67, were further analyzed. A total of 135 OL lesions, including 97 PLs and 38 recurrences, were included. Out of 97 PLs, 31 recurred at least once and none of them underwent MT, during a mean follow-up time of 48.3 months. There was no statistically significant difference among the various parameters in recurrent vs. non-recurrent PLs, although recurrence was most frequent in non-homogeneous lesions (p = 0.087) and dysplastic lesions recurred at a higher percentage compared to hyperplastic lesions (34.5% vs. 15.4%). Lower levels of Bcl-xL and survivin were identified as significant risk factors for OL recurrence. Recurrences, although smaller and more frequently homogeneous and non-dysplastic compared to their corresponding PLs, exhibited increased immunohistochemical expression of oncogenic molecules, especially pSTAT3 and Bcl-xL. Our results suggest that parameters associated with recurrence may differ from those that affect the risk of progression to malignancy and support OL management protocols favoring excision and close monitoring of all lesions.
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30
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Peñas-Martínez J, Luengo-Gil G, Espín S, Bohdan N, Ortega-Sabater C, Ródenas MC, Zaragoza-Huesca D, López-Andreo MJ, Plasencia C, Vicente V, Carmona-Bayonas A, Martínez-Martínez I. Anti-Tumor Functions of Prelatent Antithrombin on Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050523. [PMID: 34067120 PMCID: PMC8151964 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antithrombin, the main physiological inhibitor of the coagulation cascade, exerts anti-tumor effects on glioblastoma multiforme cells. Antithrombin has different conformations: native, heparin-activated, prelatent, latent, and cleaved. The prelatent form has an intermediate affinity between latent and native antithrombin, although it is the most antiangiogenic form. Herein, we investigate the effect of this conformation on the tumorigenic processes of glioblastoma multiforme cells. Antithrombin forms were purified by chromatography. Chromogenic/fluorogenic assays were carried out to evaluate enteropeptidase and hepsin inhibition, two serine proteases involved in these processes. Wound healing, Matrigel invasion and BrdU incorporation assays were performed to study migration, invasion and proliferation. E-cadherin, Vimentin, VEGFA, pAKT, STAT3, pSTAT3, and pERK1/2 expression was assessed by Western blot and/or qRT-PCR. Prelatent antithrombin inhibited both enteropeptidase and hepsin, although it was less efficient than the native conformation. Exposure to prelatent antithrombin significantly reduced migration and invasion but not proliferation of U-87 MG, being the conformation most efficient on migration. Prelatent antithrombin down-regulated VEGFA, pSTAT3, and pERK1/2 expression in U-87 MG cells. Our work elucidates that prelatent antithrombin has surprisingly versatile anti-tumor properties in U-87 MG glioblastoma multiforme cells. This associates with resistance pathway activation, the decreased expression of tumorigenic proteins, and increased angiogenesis, postulating the existence of a new, formerly unknown receptor with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Peñas-Martínez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
| | - Ginés Luengo-Gil
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
| | - Salvador Espín
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
| | - Nataliya Bohdan
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
| | - Carmen Ortega-Sabater
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
| | - Maria Carmen Ródenas
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
| | - David Zaragoza-Huesca
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
| | - María José López-Andreo
- Sección de Biología Molecular, El Área Científica y Técnica de Investigación (ACTI), Universidad de Murcia, 30003 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Carme Plasencia
- Applied Research Using Omic Sciences S.L., 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Vicente Vicente
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, U-765-CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Carmona-Bayonas
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.-B.); (I.M.-M.); Tel.: +34-9683-41990 (A.C.-B. & I.M.-M.)
| | - Irene Martínez-Martínez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (G.L.-G.); (S.E.); (N.B.); (C.O.-S.); (M.C.R.); (D.Z.-H.); (V.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, U-765-CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.C.-B.); (I.M.-M.); Tel.: +34-9683-41990 (A.C.-B. & I.M.-M.)
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Wen S, Chen N, Hu Y, Huang L, Peng J, Yang M, Shen X, Song Y, Xu L. Elevated peripheral absolute monocyte count related to clinicopathological features and poor prognosis in solid tumors: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1690-1714. [PMID: 33591628 PMCID: PMC7940224 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Absolute monocyte count (AMC) is often used to be assessed in cancer follow-up, which has regained interest as a potential prognostic indicator in many solid tumors, though not consistently or comprehensively. In the present study, we set out to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis of all available data regarding the prognostic significance of AMC in solid tumors. We also evaluated the association between AMC and clinical features in solid tumors. METHODS A hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) or a p value (p) from eligible studies were extracted and subsequently pooled analyzed. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were conducted according to the confounders of included studies. In addition, the relationships between AMC and clinical characteristics were also explored in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Overall, ninety-three articles comprising 104 studies with 32229 patients were finally included. The results showed that elevated AMC was associated with worse overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.615; 95% CI: 1.475-1.768; p < 0.001), disease-free survival (DFS) (HR:1.488; 95% CI: 1.357-1.633; p < 0.001), progressive-free survival (PFS) (HR: 1.533; 95% CI: 1.342-1.751; p < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR: 1.585; 95% CI: 1.253-2.006; p < 0.001) in non-hematological tumors. Subgroup analyses according to each confounder further proved the consistent prognostic value of AMC in solid tumor outcomes. Moreover, elevated AMC was more likely to be observed in male group and patients with smoking history, and associated with longer tumor length and advanced T stage. CONCLUSION In short, the meta-analysis found that elevated AMC might indicate poor long-term outcomes in non-hematologic cancers, thus AMC may be a valuable marker in the prognosis for patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Litao Huang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meina Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Pharmacy Services Tacoma, St. Joseph Medical Center, CHI Franciscan Health System, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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32
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Pang L, Huynh J, Alorro MG, Li X, Ernst M, Chand AL. STAT3 Signalling via the IL-6ST/gp130 Cytokine Receptor Promotes Epithelial Integrity and Intestinal Barrier Function during DSS-Induced Colitis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020187. [PMID: 33673239 PMCID: PMC7918037 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium provides a barrier against commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Barrier dysfunction promotes chronic inflammation, which can drive the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Although the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 (STAT3) is overexpressed in both intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells in IBD patients, the role of the interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines through the shared IL-6ST/gp130 receptor and its associated STAT3 signalling in intestinal barrier integrity is unclear. We therefore investigated the role of STAT3 in retaining epithelial barrier integrity using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in two genetically modified mouse models, to either reduce STAT1/3 activation in response to IL-6 family cytokines with a truncated gp130∆STAT allele (GP130∆STAT/+), or by inducing short hairpin-mediated knockdown of Stat3 (shStat3). Here, we show that mice with reduced STAT3 activity are highly susceptible to DSS-induced colitis. Mechanistically, the IL-6/gp130/STAT3 signalling cascade orchestrates intestinal barrier function by modulating cytokine secretion and promoting epithelial integrity to maintain a defence against bacteria. Our study also identifies a crucial role of STAT3 in controlling intestinal permeability through tight junction proteins. Thus, therapeutically targeting the IL-6/gp130/STAT3 signalling axis to promote barrier function may serve as a treatment strategy for IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokman Pang
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Jennifer Huynh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
| | - Mariah G. Alorro
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
| | - Ashwini L. Chand
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.H.); (M.G.A.); (M.E.)
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (A.L.C.)
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Bai J, Zhang X, Shi D, Xiang Z, Wang S, Yang C, Liu Q, Huang S, Fang Y, Zhang W, Song J, Xiong B. Exosomal miR-128-3p Promotes Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Targeting FOXO4 via TGF-β/SMAD and JAK/STAT3 Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:568738. [PMID: 33634112 PMCID: PMC7900423 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.568738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process that occurs during tumor metastasis, affecting a variety of malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC). Exosomes mediate cell-cell communication by transporting cell-derived proteins and nucleic acids, including microRNAs (miRNAs). Exosomal delivery of miRNAs plays an important role in tumor initiation, development, and progression. In this study, we investigated the effect of exosomal transfer between CRC cells and aimed to identify specific miRNAs and downstream targets involved in EMT and metastasis in CRC cells. High expression of miR-128-3p was identified in exosomes derived from EMT-induced HCT-116 cells. Altered miR-128-3p expression in CRC cells led to distinct changes in proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT. Mechanistically, miR-128-3p overexpression downregulated the expression of FOXO4 and induced the activation of TGF-β/SMAD and JAK/STAT3 signaling in CRC cells and xenografted tumors, which led to EMT. Clinically, high expression of miR-128-3p was significantly associated with perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, tumor stage, and CA 19-9 content in CRC patients. We revealed that exosomal miR-128-3p regulates EMT by directly suppressing its downstream target gene FOXO4 to activate TGF-β/SMAD and JAK/STAT3 signaling, and the properties of the miR-128-3p/FOXO4 axis were horizontally transferred via exosomal delivery. In turn, exosomal miR-128-3p could be considered as a new therapeutic vehicle for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of General Practice, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongdong Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenxian Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaogang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Sihao Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Weisong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Jialin Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
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Bhat AA, Nisar S, Maacha S, Carneiro-Lobo TC, Akhtar S, Siveen KS, Wani NA, Rizwan A, Bagga P, Singh M, Reddy R, Uddin S, Grivel JC, Chand G, Frenneaux MP, Siddiqi MA, Bedognetti D, El-Rifai W, Macha MA, Haris M. Cytokine-chemokine network driven metastasis in esophageal cancer; promising avenue for targeted therapy. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:2. [PMID: 33390169 PMCID: PMC7780621 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a disease often marked by aggressive growth and poor prognosis. Lack of targeted therapies, resistance to chemoradiation therapy, and distant metastases among patients with advanced disease account for the high mortality rate. The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, adipocytes, stromal proteins, and growth factors, which play a significant role in supporting the growth and aggressive behavior of cancer cells. The complex and dynamic interactions of the secreted cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and their receptors mediate chronic inflammation and immunosuppressive TME favoring tumor progression, metastasis, and decreased response to therapy. The molecular changes in the TME are used as biological markers for diagnosis, prognosis, and response to treatment in patients. This review highlighted the novel insights into the understanding and functional impact of deregulated cytokines and chemokines in imparting aggressive EC, stressing the nature and therapeutic consequences of the cytokine-chemokine network. We also discuss cytokine-chemokine oncogenic potential by contributing to the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), angiogenesis, immunosuppression, metastatic niche, and therapeutic resistance development. In addition, it discusses the wide range of changes and intracellular signaling pathways that occur in the TME. Overall, this is a relatively unexplored field that could provide crucial insights into tumor immunology and encourage the effective application of modulatory cytokine-chemokine therapy to EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaz A Bhat
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Selma Maacha
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Nissar A Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Arshi Rizwan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Bagga
- Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mayank Singh
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (BRAIRCH), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Gyan Chand
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Mushtaq A Siddiqi
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunogenomics, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Yan J, Zhou B, Guo L, Chen Z, Zhang B, Liu S, Zhang W, Yu M, Xu Y, Xiao Y, Zhou J, Fan J, Li H, Ye Q. GOLM1 upregulates expression of PD-L1 through EGFR/STAT3 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3705-3720. [PMID: 33294262 PMCID: PMC7716143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
GOLM1, a type II transmembrane protein, is associated with tumor progression, metastasis and immunosuppression. However, the relationship between GOLM1 and the immunosuppressive molecule PD-L1 in HCC remains largely unclear. Here, we revealed that GOLM1 acts as a novel positive regulator of PD-L1, whose abnormal expression plays a crucial role in cancer immune evasion and progression. We found that GOLM1 is overexpressed and positively correlated with PD-L1 expression in HCC. Mechanistically, we found that GOLM1 promotes the phosphorylation of STAT3 by enhancing the level of EGFR, which in turn upregulates the transcriptional expression of PD-L1. Taken together, we demonstrated that GOLM1 acts as a positive regulator of PD-L1 expression via the EGFR/STAT3 signaling pathway in human HCC cells. This study provides a new insight into the regulatory mechanism of PD-L1 expression in HCC, which may provide a novel therapeutic target for HCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuliang Yan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binghai Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mincheng Yu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Xiao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghai Ye
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of EducationShanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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MiR-944/CISH mediated inflammation via STAT3 is involved in oral cancer malignance by cigarette smoking. Neoplasia 2020; 22:554-565. [PMID: 32961483 PMCID: PMC7505767 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Down-regulation of CISH in OSCC tissues and cell lines. CISH mediates cellular functions through STAT3 inhibition. MiR-944 regulates cellular functions through direct binding of CISH. Cigarette smoking-mediated miR-944/CISH/STAT3 axis plays a role in oral carcinogenesis.
The cytokine-inducible Src homology 2-containing protein (CISH) is an endogenous suppressors of signal transduction and activator of transcription (STAT) and acts as a key negative regulator of inflammatory cytokine responses. Downregulation of CISH has been reported to associate with increased activation of STAT and enhanced inflammatory pathways. However, whether microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in CISH/STAT regulation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. The expression of CISH on OSCC patients was determine by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Specific targeting by miRNAs was determined by software prediction, luciferase reporter assay, and correlation with target protein expression. The functions of miR-944 and CISH were accessed by transwell migration and invasion analyses using gain- and loss-of-function approaches. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the pro-inflammation cytokines expression under the miR-944, CISH, NNK or combinations treatment. We found that the CISH protein, which modulates STAT3 activity, as a direct target of miR-944. CISH protein was significantly down-regulated in OSCC patients and cell lines and its level was inversely correlated with miR-944 expression. The miR-944-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, pro-inflammation cytokines secretion, migration and invasion were abolished by CISH restoration, suggesting that the oncogenic activity of miR-944 is CISH dependent. Furthermore, tobacco extract (NNK) may contribute to miR-944 induction and STAT3 activation. Antagomir-mediated inactivation of miR-944 prevented the NNK-induced STAT3 phosphorylation and pro-inflammation cytokines secretion. Altogether, these data demonstrate that NNK-induced miR944 expression plays an important role in CISH/STAT3-mediated inflammatory response and activation of tumor malignancy.
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Njatcha C, Farooqui M, Almotlak AA, Siegfried JM. Prevention of Tobacco Carcinogen-Induced Lung Tumor Development by a Novel STAT3 Decoy Inhibitor. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:735-746. [PMID: 32655003 PMCID: PMC7485626 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The STAT3 pathway is frequently overactive in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), an often fatal disease with known risk factors including tobacco and chemical exposures. Whether STAT3 can be downmodulated to delay or prevent development of lung cancer resulting from an environmental exposure has not been previously tested. A circular oligonucleotide STAT3 decoy (CS3D) was used to treat mice previously exposed to the tobacco carcinogen nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. CS3D contains a double-stranded STAT3 DNA response element sequence and interrupts STAT3 signaling by binding to STAT3 dimers, rendering them unable to initiate transcription at native STAT3 DNA binding sites. An intermittent course of CS3D decreased the development of airway preneoplasias by 42% at 1 week posttreatment, reduced the progression of preneoplasia to adenomas by 54% at 8 weeks posttreatment, and reduced the size and number of resulting lung tumors by 49.7% and 29.5%, respectively, at 20 weeks posttreatment. No toxicity was detected. A mutant cyclic oligonucleotide with no STAT3 binding ability was used as a control. Chemopreventive effects were independent of the KRAS mutational status of the tumors. In lungs harvested during and after the treatment course with CS3D, airway preneoplasias had reduced STAT3 signaling. Chemopreventive effects were accompanied by decreased VEGFA expression, ablated IL6, COX-2, and p-NF-κB, and decreased pulmonary M2 macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Thus, downmodulation of STAT3 activity using a decoy molecule both reduced oncogenic signaling in the airway epithelium and favored a lung microenvironment with reduced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Njatcha
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mariya Farooqui
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Abdulaziz A Almotlak
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jill M Siegfried
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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A pan-cancer analysis of PBAF complex mutations and their association with immunotherapy response. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4168. [PMID: 32820162 PMCID: PMC7441387 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There is conflicting data regarding the role of PBAF complex mutations and response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and other solid tumors. We assess the prevalence of PBAF complex mutations from two large cohorts including the pan-cancer TCGA project (n = 10,359) and the MSK-IMPACT pan-cancer immunotherapy cohort (n = 3700). Across both cohorts, PBAF complex mutations, predominantly PBRM1 mutations, are most common in ccRCC. In multivariate models of ccRCC patients treated with ICB (n = 189), loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in PBRM1 are not associated with overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.24, p = 0.47) or time to treatment failure (HR = 0.85, p = 0.44). In a series of 11 solid tumors (n = 2936), LOF mutations are not associated with improved OS in a stratified multivariate model (HR = 0.9, p = 0.7). In a current series of solid tumors treated with ICB, we are unable to demonstrate favorable response to ICB in patients with PBAF complex mutations. The clinical benefit from immunotherapy response in patients with mutations of genes forming the chromatin remodelling complex PBAF remains controversial. Here the authors show that PBAF complex mutations are not associated with favourable response in pan-cancer cohorts of patients treated with immune-checkpoint blockade.
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Zadka Ł, Grybowski DJ, Dzięgiel P. Modeling of the immune response in the pathogenesis of solid tumors and its prognostic significance. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:539-575. [PMID: 32488850 PMCID: PMC7363737 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor initiation and subsequent progression are usually long-term processes, spread over time and conditioned by diverse aspects. Many cancers develop on the basis of chronic inflammation; however, despite dozens of years of research, little is known about the factors triggering neoplastic transformation under these conditions. Molecular characterization of both pathogenetic states, i.e., similarities and differences between chronic inflammation and cancer, is also poorly defined. The secretory activity of tumor cells may change the immunophenotype of immune cells and modify the extracellular microenvironment, which allows the bypass of host defense mechanisms and seems to have diagnostic and prognostic value. The phenomenon of immunosuppression is also present during chronic inflammation, and the development of cancer, due to its duration, predisposes patients to the promotion of chronic inflammation. The aim of our work was to discuss the above issues based on the latest scientific insights. A theoretical mechanism of cancer immunosuppression is also proposed. CONCLUSIONS Development of solid tumors may occur both during acute and chronic phases of inflammation. Differences in the regulation of immune responses between precancerous states and the cancers resulting from them emphasize the importance of immunosuppressive factors in oncogenesis. Cancer cells may, through their secretory activity and extracellular transport mechanisms, enhance deterioration of the immune system which, in turn, may have prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Zadka
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Damian J Grybowski
- Orthopedic Surgery, University of Illinois, 900 S. Ashland Avenue (MC944) Room 3356, Molecular Biology Research Building Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
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Wang H, Jia R, Lv T, Wang M, He S, Zhang X. Resveratrol Suppresses Tumor Progression via Inhibiting STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF Pathway in an Orthotopic Rat Model of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7057-7063. [PMID: 32801741 PMCID: PMC7382608 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s259016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway is associated with the development and progress of various tumors including NSCLC. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether resveratrol (RES) could suppress NSCLC progression via inhibiting the expressions of STAT3, HIF-1α, and VEGF in a nude rat model. Methods Twenty-four nude rats were randomly divided into control, NSCLC, and NSCLC+RES groups. An orthotopic rat model of NSCLC was established. The animals in the NSCLC+RES group received the same operation as the NSCLC group and were intragastrically administered RES at 250 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks. Lung tissue samples were harvested for gross tumor burden measurement, histological examinations, RT-PCR, and Western blot assays. Results In the NSCLC+RES group, significant decreases in lung weight index, lung tumor burden, STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF mRNA, and protein levels were observed when compared with the NSCLC group (all P<0.05). The structural integrity of the lung was less affected and the apoptotic index was significantly higher in the NSCLC+RES group, when compared to the NSCLC group (P<0.05). Conclusion RES suppresses NSCLC partly through inhibiting the expressions of STAT3, HIF-1α, and VEGF. The STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway might be a candidate drug target for developing new chemotherapy agents derived from RES for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Wang
- Respiratory Department, The People's Hospital of Baoji City, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruzhen Jia
- Respiratory Department, The People's Hospital of Baoji City, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianle Lv
- Respiratory Department, The People's Hospital of Baoji City, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Wang
- Respiratory Department, The People's Hospital of Baoji City, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwei He
- Respiratory Department, The People's Hospital of Baoji City, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital of Hanzhong City, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, People's Republic of China
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Zhou C, He X, Zeng Q, Zhang P, Wang CT. CCDC7 Activates Interleukin-6 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor to Promote Proliferation via the JAK-STAT3 Pathway in Cervical Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6229-6244. [PMID: 32669853 PMCID: PMC7335771 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s244663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Tumor growth is one of the most lethal attributes of human malignancy. The expression of CCDC7, a novel gene which has multiple functions, has been shown to be associated with tumor growth and poor prognosis in patients with cancer. However, the specific functions of CCDC7 remain unclear. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of CCDC7 on proliferation in cervical cancer. Materials and Methods The MTT and EdU assays were performed to evaluate the function of CCDC7. The immunohistochemical, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), ELISA and Western blot assay were used to detect the gene and protein expression in tissues and cells. A xenograft test was conducted to detect the impact of CCDC7 on tumor development in vivo . Results In immunohistochemical analysis of 193 cases, normal cervical tissue and cervical cancer tissue show that CCDC7 expression is closely correlated with the development of cervical cancer and was positively correlated with the clinical stage and histological grade. Overexpression or knockdown of CCDC7 affected cell proliferation in cervical cancer cells in vitro. In a nude mouse xenograft model in vivo, knockdown of CCDC7 inhibited cell proliferation and tumor growth. Furthermore, CCDC7 overexpression upregulated interleukin (IL)-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at mRNA and protein levels, and treatment with recombinant IL-6 or VEGF proteins also increased CCDC7 expression. In a case set of 80 patients with cervical cancer, we found that CCDC7, IL-6, and VEGF affected patient prognosis. Finally, inhibition of various signaling pathways using specific inhibitors indicated that CCDC7 blocked the decrease in cell proliferation observed following suppression of the JAK-STAT3 pathway, suggesting that CCDC7 functioned via this critical signaling network. Conclusion Those findings indicated that CCDC7 may be a novel target for the treatment of cervical cancer and may have applications as a predictive marker for tumor growth in cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang He
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Panda SP, Panigrahy UP, Prasanth D, Gorla US, Guntupalli C, Panda DP, Jena BR. A trimethoxy flavonoid isolated from stem extract of Tabebuia chrysantha suppresses angiogenesis in angiosarcoma. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:990-999. [PMID: 32311118 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research aimed to evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of isolated flavonoid 4a,5,8,8a-tetrahydro-5-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxy-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) chromen-4-one (TMF) from Tabebuia chrysantha. STAT3-MMP9 signalling is a signal transduction mechanism that promotes angiogenesis in various cancers. METHODS The tumour xenografting chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model-based ex vivo assay was used to evaluate the activity of TMF. The Western blot, densitometric analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed to evaluate the activity of the MMP9. Zebrafish embryos were used to evaluate embryotoxicity, and in vitro free radical scavenging activity of flavonoid was also elucidated. KEY FINDINGS This research assessed the high level of STAT3, p-ERK, VEGF-R and MMP9 in the tissue extract of the control group, and also, the suppression of angiogenesis in the treatment groups was due to scavenged ROS and RNS, dephosphorylation of STAT3 and ERK, and suppression of MMP9 gene expression. CONCLUSION The isolated flavonoid named TMF from T. chrysantha functions as specific regulators of target proteins of angiosarcoma. The STAT3-MMP9 signalling may be used as an effective prognostic marker of angiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | | | - Dsnbk Prasanth
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | - Uma Sankar Gorla
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | - Chakravarthi Guntupalli
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | | | - Bikash Ranjan Jena
- Southern Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS college of Pharmacy), Guntur, India
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Viau A, Baaziz M, Aka A, Mazloum M, Nguyen C, Kuehn EW, Terzi F, Bienaimé F. Tubular STAT3 Limits Renal Inflammation in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:1035-1049. [PMID: 32238474 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019090959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inactivation of the ciliary proteins polycystin 1 or polycystin 2 leads to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Although signaling by primary cilia and interstitial inflammation both play a critical role in the disease, the reciprocal interactions between immune and tubular cells are not well characterized. The transcription factor STAT3, a component of the cilia proteome that is involved in crosstalk between immune and nonimmune cells in various tissues, has been suggested as a factor fueling ADPKD progression. METHOD To explore how STAT3 intersects with cilia signaling, renal inflammation, and cyst growth, we used conditional murine models involving postdevelopmental ablation of Pkd1, Stat3, and cilia, as well as cultures of cilia-deficient or STAT3-deficient tubular cell lines. RESULTS Our findings indicate that, although primary cilia directly modulate STAT3 activation in vitro, the bulk of STAT3 activation in polycystic kidneys occurs through an indirect mechanism in which primary cilia trigger macrophage recruitment to the kidney, which in turn promotes Stat3 activation. Surprisingly, although inactivating Stat3 in Pkd1-deficient tubules slightly reduced cyst burden, it resulted in a massive infiltration of the cystic kidneys by macrophages and T cells, precluding any improvement of kidney function. We also found that Stat3 inactivation led to increased expression of the inflammatory chemokines CCL5 and CXCL10 in polycystic kidneys and cultured tubular cells. CONCLUSIONS STAT3 appears to repress the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and restrict immune cell infiltration in ADPKD. Our findings suggest that STAT3 is not a critical driver of cyst growth in ADPKD but rather plays a major role in the crosstalk between immune and tubular cells that shapes disease expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Viau
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Maroua Baaziz
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Aka
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Manal Mazloum
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Clément Nguyen
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - E Wolfgang Kuehn
- Renal Department, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabiola Terzi
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Frank Bienaimé
- Growth and Signaling Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France .,Paris University, Paris, France.,Department of Physiology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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The prognostic role of inflammatory markers in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with bevacizumab: A translational study [ASCENT]. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229900. [PMID: 32142532 PMCID: PMC7059922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In spite of demonstrating prognostic and possibly predictive benefit in retrospective cohorts and meta-analyses of cancer populations, including colorectal cancer (CRC), prospective evaluation of the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and treatment outcomes in previously untreated mCRC patients receiving bevacizumab-based therapy has not yet been performed. Methods An open-label, single arm, multi-centre study. Patients received first-line bevacizumab plus XELOX or mFOLFOX6 (Phase-A) and continued bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI beyond first progression (Phase-B). Analyses included the association of NLR with phase A progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). A sub-study investigated the safety in patients with the primary in situ tumor. An exploratory sub-study examined relationships of circulating proteomic markers with PFS. Results Phase-A enrolled 128 patients; median age was 64 years (range: 26–84), 70 (55%) were female, 71 (56%) were PS-0 and 51 (40%) had primary in situ tumor. Fifty-three (41%) patients entered Phase-B. The median baseline (b) NLR was 3.2 (range: 1.5–20.4) with 32 (25%) patients having bNLR > 5. The PFS hazard ratio (HR) by bNLR > 5 versus ≤ 5 was 1.4 (95% CI: 0.9–2.2; p = 0.101). The median PFS was 9.2 months (95% CI: 7.9–10.8) for Phase-A and 6.7 months (95% CI: 3.0–8.2) for Phase-B. The HR for OS based on bNLR > 5 versus ≤ 5 was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.0–2.7; p = 0.052). The median OS was 25 months (95% CI: 19.2–29.7) for the full analysis set and 14.9 months for Phase-B. Baseline levels of nine proteomic markers showed a relationship with PFS. Treatment related toxicities were consistent with what has previously been published. There were 4 (3%) instances of GI perforation, of which, 3 (6%) occurred in the primary in situ tumor group. Conclusions Results from this study are aligned with the previously reported trend towards worse PFS and OS in patients with higher bNLR. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01588990; posted May 1, 2012.
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Xu J, Wu L, Yu P, Sun Y, Lu Y. Effect of T. spiralis Serine protease inhibitors on TNBS-induced experimental colitis mediated by Macrophages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3147. [PMID: 32081954 PMCID: PMC7035329 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease with increasing incidence rate, and divided into ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). And more and more experimental evidence supports that immune disorder is important in the pathogenesis of IBD. Our previous experiments have confirmed that TsKaSPI and TsAdSPI recombinant proteins could relieve TNBS (2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid solution)-induced colitis. Therefore, we speculate that macrophages play a certain role in the process of recombinant protein relieving colitis. In this experiment, 96 male BALB/c mice aged 6–8 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: the prevention group and the therapy group. Changes of the ratio of M1/M2 phenotypic macrophages in spleens and MLNs, key factors in the IL-33/ST2 and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were detected. The purpose is to analyze the specific role played by macrophages and their secreted cytokines in the immunomodulation of colitis by Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) Serine protease inhibitors. The results showed that the percentage of M1 phenotypic macrophages was decreased and M2 phenotypic macrophages was increased in the TsKaSPI + TNBS, TsAdSPI + TNBS group compared with the PBS + TNBS group in the prevention group. Meanwhile, the expression of IL-33 and ST2 were significantly decreased. The key factors of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway were all significantly increased. In addition, in the therapy group, we found similar results. This experiment demonstrated that macrophages have a certain impact during this process of recombinant protein relieving mouse CD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Xu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lijia Wu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yichun Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yixin Lu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Gu Y, Mohammad IS, Liu Z. Overview of the STAT-3 signaling pathway in cancer and the development of specific inhibitors. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2585-2594. [PMID: 32218808 PMCID: PMC7068531 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins represent novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer. In particular, STAT-3 serves critical roles in several cellular processes, including the cell cycle, cell proliferation, cellular apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Persistent activation of STAT-3 has been reported in a variety of cancer types, and a poor prognosis of cancer may be associated with the phosphorylation level of STAT-3. Furthermore, elevated STAT-3 activity has been demonstrated in a variety of mammalian cancers, both in vitro and in vivo. This indicates that STAT-3 serves an important role in the progression of numerous cancer types. A significant obstacle in developing STAT-3 inhibitors is the demonstration of the antitumor efficacy in in vivo systems and the lack of animal models for human tumors. Therefore, it is crucial to determine whether available STAT-3 inhibitors are suitable for clinical trials. Moreover, further preclinical studies are necessary to focus on the impact of STAT-3 inhibitors on tumor cells. When considering STAT-3 hyper-activation in human cancer, selective targeting to these proteins holds promise for significant advancement in cancer treatment. In the present study, advances in our knowledge of the structure of STAT-3 protein and its regulatory mechanisms are summarized. Moreover, the STAT-3 signaling pathway and its critical role in malignancy are discussed, in addition to the development of STAT-3 inhibitors in various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China.,College of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Imran Shair Mohammad
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China.,College of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
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Revisiting the development of small molecular inhibitors that directly target the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) domains. Life Sci 2020; 242:117241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Wang B, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Jin X, Wu H, Huang H. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase loss modulates STAT3-dependent expression of PD-L1 and cancer immunity. Theranostics 2020; 10:1033-1045. [PMID: 31938049 PMCID: PMC6956820 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Abnormal expression of programmed death-1 (PD-1) ligand-1(PD-L1) in cancer cells plays a crucial role in cancer immune evasion and progression. The immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 and PD-L1 have been targeted for cancer treatment with significant benefits for cancer patients. However, the response rate is relatively low in certain types of cancer and the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Better understanding of the molecular mechanism of PD-L1 expression regulation in cancer cells is urgently needed to improve the treatment response rate and overall survival of patients. Fructose-1, 6-biphosphatase (FBP1) is a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis and is implicated in human cancer due to its frequent loss in various cancer types. Methods: Expression of FBP1 and PD-L1 was analyzed in various cancer cell lines. Western blot and RT-qPCR were performed to determine whether FBP1 regulates PD-L1 expression. Co-immunoprecipitation and glutathione S-transferase (GST) pulldown assay were employed to define the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to determine the correlation between FBP1 and PD-L1 expression in a cohort of patients. A cancer syngeneic mouse model was utilized to examine how FBP1 affects tumor immunity. Results: We demonstrated that in a manner independent of its enzymatic activity FBP1 downregulates the expression of PD-L1 in various cell lines of different cancer types including pancreatic and prostate cancer. We further showed that this regulation occurs at the transcriptional level and is mediated by FBP1 inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3)-dependent PD-L1 transcription. Moreover, FBP1 and PD-L1 protein expression were negatively correlated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) specimens from a cohort of patients. Most importantly, we demonstrated that decreased FBP1 expression promotes tumor growth and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in mice. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a new tumor suppressor function of FBP1 in inhibiting PD-L1 expression and enhancing cancer immunity. They also suggest that FBP1-deficient human cancers could be therapeutically targeted by PD-1/PD-L1-based immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Wang M, Wang W, Ding J, Wang J, Zhang J. Downregulation of Rab17 promotes cell proliferation and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer through STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling. Thorac Cancer 2019; 11:379-388. [PMID: 31841274 PMCID: PMC6997001 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rab GTPases play a key role in regulating intercellular vesicle trafficking in both exo- and endocytic pathways. Recent studies have reported that Rab small GTPases and the associated regulatory proteins and effectors are involved in many cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological role of Rab17 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the relative mechanism. METHODS Rab17 expression in human NSCLC cell lines and tissues was evaluated using real-time PCR (RT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. NSCLC cell lines with RAB17 stable knockdown were generated to explore its function in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we investigated the potential mechanism of Rab17 by identifying the expression levels of STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway using western blot analysis. RESULTS Decreased Rab17 expression was correlated with poor overall survival in NSCLC patients. The functional assays showed that knockdown of Rab17 could promote tumorigenic properties of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo, including enhanced cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration, angiogenesis and tumor xenograft growth, and suppressed apoptosis. Moreover, Rab17 downregulation decreased epithelial marker E-cadherin and increased mesenchymal markers Vimentin and β-catenin, suggesting knockdown of Rab17 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CONCLUSION Downregulation of Rab17 promotes cell invasion and enhances tumorigenicity in part through the STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway, which may represent a novel potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingmin Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiashun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Shi XY, Yi FS, Wang Z, Qiao X, Zhai K. Prognostic value of a new score using serum alkaline phosphatase and pleural effusion lactate dehydrogenase for patients with malignant pleural effusion. Thorac Cancer 2019; 11:320-328. [PMID: 31837116 PMCID: PMC6996981 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of our study was to analyze the prognostic value of the combination of serum ALP and pleural effusion LDH (AL score) for malignant pleural effusion (MPE) patients. METHODS This study includes retrospective, descriptive and observational research from 1 June 2006 to 1 December 2017, which aimed to identify prognostic factors related to MPE patients. We analyzed the association of various clinical features, routinely tested markers from peripheral blood and MPE at diagnosis and overall survival (OS). All MPE patients were assigned to three groups according to their AL score. The impact of the AL score and other prognostic factors were evaluated with multivariable regression. RESULTS According to their AL score, 193 patients were assigned to three groups with 25 in group 0 (sALP < 65 U/L and pLDH < 155 U/L), 121 in group 1 (sALP > 65 U/L or pLDH > 155 U/L) and 47 (sALP > 65 U/L and pLDH > 155 U/L) in group 2. For groups 0, 1 and 2, median survival times (MST) were 23, 15 and 7 months, respectively. Among the three groups, MST, serum albumin level, C reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, the ratios of platelet-to-lymphocyte, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte showed significant differences. The counts of neutrophils, monocytes, platelets and AL score (0 vs. 1, P = 0.038, hazard ratio [HR]: 1.858, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.034, 3.339]; 0 vs. 2, P = 0.001, HR: 2.993, 95% CI: [1.556, 5.531]) were independent prognostic indicators for OS of MPE patients. CONCLUSION AL score is a promising indicator which can be used to predict the prognosis of MPE patients. It can assist physicians in the selection of patients for appropriate palliative treatment. KEY POINTS To our knowledge, this paper is the first study that combined two enzymes (sALP and pLDH) from serum and pleural effusion and studied the prognostic value for MPE patients. It has been proved to be a promising indicator to assist physicians select patients for appropriate palliative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Shuang Yi
- Department of Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kan Zhai
- Department of Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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