1
|
Cortes S, Farhat E, Talarico G, Mennigen JA. The dynamic transcriptomic response of the goldfish brain under chronic hypoxia. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 50:101233. [PMID: 38608489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen is essential to fuel aerobic metabolism. Some species evolved mechanisms to tolerate periods of severe hypoxia and even anoxia in their environment. Among them, goldfish (Carassius auratus) are unique, in that they do not enter a comatose state under severely hypoxic conditions. There is thus significant interest in the field of comparative physiology to uncover the mechanistic basis underlying hypoxia tolerance in goldfish, with a particular focus on the brain. Taking advantage of the recently published and annotated goldfish genome, we profile the transcriptomic response of the goldfish brain under normoxic (21 kPa oxygen saturation) and, following gradual reduction, constant hypoxic conditions after 1 and 4 weeks (2.1 kPa oxygen saturation). In addition to analyzing differentially expressed protein-coding genes and enriched pathways, we also profile differentially expressed microRNAs (miRs). Using in silico approaches, we identify possible miR-mRNA relationships. Differentially expressed transcripts compared to normoxia were either common to both timepoints of hypoxia exposure (n = 174 mRNAs; n = 6 miRs), or exclusive to 1-week (n = 441 mRNAs; n = 23 miRs) or 4-week hypoxia exposure (n = 491 mRNAs; n = 34 miRs). Under chronic hypoxia, an increasing number of transcripts, including those of paralogous genes, was downregulated over time, suggesting a decrease in transcription. GO-terms related to the vascular system, oxidative stress, stress signalling, oxidoreductase activity, nucleotide- and intermediary metabolism, and mRNA posttranscriptional regulation were found to be enriched under chronic hypoxia. Known 'hypoxamiRs', such as miR-210-3p/5p, and miRs such as miR-29b-3p likely contribute to posttranscriptional regulation of these pathways under chronic hypoxia in the goldfish brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Cortes
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - E Farhat
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ggm Talarico
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - J A Mennigen
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Caracci MO, Pizarro H, Alarcón-Godoy C, Fuentealba LM, Farfán P, De Pace R, Santibañez N, Cavieres VA, Pástor TP, Bonifacino JS, Mardones GA, Marzolo MP. The Reelin receptor ApoER2 is a cargo for the adaptor protein complex AP-4: Implications for Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 234:102575. [PMID: 38281682 PMCID: PMC10979513 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4) is a heterotetrameric complex that promotes export of selected cargo proteins from the trans-Golgi network. Mutations in each of the AP-4 subunits cause a complicated form of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP). Herein, we report that ApoER2, a receptor in the Reelin signaling pathway, is a cargo of the AP-4 complex. We identify the motif ISSF/Y within the ApoER2 cytosolic domain as necessary for interaction with the canonical signal-binding pocket of the µ4 (AP4M1) subunit of AP-4. AP4E1- knock-out (KO) HeLa cells and hippocampal neurons from Ap4e1-KO mice display increased co-localization of ApoER2 with Golgi markers. Furthermore, hippocampal neurons from Ap4e1-KO mice and AP4M1-KO human iPSC-derived cortical i3Neurons exhibit reduced ApoER2 protein expression. Analyses of biosynthetic transport of ApoER2 reveal differential post-Golgi trafficking of the receptor, with lower axonal distribution in KO compared to wild-type neurons, indicating a role of AP-4 and the ISSF/Y motif in the axonal localization of ApoER2. Finally, analyses of Reelin signaling in mouse hippocampal and human cortical KO neurons show that AP4 deficiency causes no changes in Reelin-dependent activation of the AKT pathway and only mild changes in Reelin-induced dendritic arborization, but reduces Reelin-induced ERK phosphorylation, CREB activation, and Golgi deployment. This work thus establishes ApoER2 as a novel cargo of the AP-4 complex, suggesting that defects in the trafficking of this receptor and in the Reelin signaling pathway could contribute to the pathogenesis of HSP caused by mutations in AP-4 subunits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario O Caracci
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Héctor Pizarro
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Alarcón-Godoy
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luz M Fuentealba
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Farfán
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raffaella De Pace
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natacha Santibañez
- Instituto de Patología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Viviana A Cavieres
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Fac. Med y Ciencia, USS, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tammy P Pástor
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Juan S Bonifacino
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gonzalo A Mardones
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
| | - María-Paz Marzolo
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Caracci MO, Pizarro H, Alarcón-Godoy C, Fuentealba LM, Farfán P, Pace RD, Santibañez N, Cavieres VA, Pástor TP, Bonifacino JS, Mardones GA, Marzolo MP. The Reelin Receptor ApoER2 is a Cargo for the Adaptor Protein Complex AP-4: Implications for Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.21.572896. [PMID: 38187774 PMCID: PMC10769347 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.572896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4) is a heterotetrameric complex that promotes protein export from the trans -Golgi network. Mutations in each of the AP-4 subunits cause a complicated form of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP). Herein, we report that ApoER2, a receptor in the Reelin signaling pathway, is a cargo of the AP-4 complex. We identify the motif ISSF/Y within the ApoER2 cytosolic domain as necessary for interaction with the canonical signal-binding pocket of the µ4 (AP4M1) subunit of AP-4. AP4E1 -knock-out (KO) HeLa cells and hippocampal neurons from Ap4e1 -KO mice display increased Golgi localization of ApoER2. Furthermore, hippocampal neurons from Ap4e1 -KO mice and AP4M1 -KO human iPSC-derived cortical i3Neurons exhibit reduced ApoER2 protein expression. Analyses of biosynthetic transport of ApoER2 reveal differential post-Golgi trafficking of the receptor, with lower axonal distribution in KO compared to wild-type neurons, indicating a role of AP-4 and the ISSF/Y motif in the axonal localization of ApoER2. Finally, analyses of Reelin signaling in mouse hippocampal and human cortical KO neurons show that AP4 deficiency causes no changes in Reelin-dependent activation of the AKT pathway and only mild changes in Reelin-induced dendritic arborization, but reduces Reelin-induced ERK phosphorylation, CREB activation, and Golgi deployment. Altogether, this work establishes ApoER2 as a novel cargo of the AP-4 complex, suggesting that defects in the trafficking of this receptor and in the Reelin signaling pathway could contribute to the pathogenesis of HSP caused by mutations in AP-4 subunits.
Collapse
|
4
|
Getu AA, Zhou M, Cheng SY, Tan M. The mammalian Sterile 20-like kinase 4 (MST4) signaling in tumor progression: Implications for therapy. Cancer Lett 2023; 563:216183. [PMID: 37094736 PMCID: PMC10642761 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death in humans, with a complex and dynamic nature that makes it challenging to fully comprehend and treat. The Mammalian Sterile 20-Like Kinase 4 (MST4 or STK26) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a crucial role in cell migration and polarity in both normal and tumor cells via activation of intracellular signaling molecules and pathways. MST4 is involved in tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), survival, and cancer metastasis through modulation of downstream signaling pathways including the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) pathways. Additionally, MST4 interacts with programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10) to promote tumor proliferation and migration. MST4 phosphorylates autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase (ATG4B) to mediate autophagy signaling, promote tumor cell survival and proliferation, and contribute to treatment resistance. Taken together, MST4 functions as an oncogene and is a promising therapeutic target which deserves further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayechew A Getu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ming Tan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Isogai E, Okumura K, Saito M, Tokunaga Y, Wakabayashi Y. Meis1 plays roles in cortical development through regulation of cellular proliferative capacity in the embryonic cerebrum. Biomed Res 2022; 43:91-97. [PMID: 35718449 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.43.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Meis1 (myeloid ecotropic insertion site 1) is known to be related to embryonic development and cancer. In this study, to analyze the function of Meis1 in neural stem cells, we crossed Meis1fl/fl (Meis1 floxed) mice with Nestin-Cre mice. The results showed that Meis1-conditional knockout mice showed cerebral cortex malformation. The mice had a significantly thinner cortex than wildtype mice. At E14.5, BrdU incorporation and Pax6-positive radial glial cells were significantly decreased in the cerebral cortex of Meis1 knockout embryos as compared with wild-type embryos, whereas Tbr2-positive intermediate progenitors and NeuN-positive differentiated neurons were not. Cell death detected by immunostaining with cleaved caspase3 antibody showed no difference in the cortex between knockout and wild-type embryos. Furthermore, knockout of Meis1 in embryo by in utero electroporation showed that cellular migration was disturbed during cortical development. Therefore, Meis1 could play important roles during cortical development through the regulation of cell proliferation and migration in the embryonic cerebral cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Isogai
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Kazuhiro Okumura
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Megumi Saito
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Yurika Tokunaga
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Yuichi Wakabayashi
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cansby E, Kumari S, Caputo M, Xia Y, Porosk R, Robinson J, Wang H, Olsson BM, Vallin J, Grantham J, Soomets U, Svensson LT, Sihlbom C, Marschall HU, Edsfeldt A, Goncalves I, Mahlapuu M. Silencing of STE20-type kinase STK25 in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells is atheroprotective. Commun Biol 2022; 5:379. [PMID: 35440683 PMCID: PMC9018782 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the importance of lipotoxic damage in aortic cells as the major pathogenetic contributor to atherosclerotic disease. Since the STE20-type kinase STK25 has been shown to exacerbate ectopic lipid storage and associated cell injury in several metabolic organs, we here investigate its role in the main cell types of vasculature. We depleted STK25 by small interfering RNA in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells exposed to oleic acid and oxidized LDL. In both cell types, the silencing of STK25 reduces lipid accumulation and suppresses activation of inflammatory and fibrotic pathways as well as lowering oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Notably, in smooth muscle cells, STK25 inactivation hinders the shift from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. Together, we provide several lines of evidence that antagonizing STK25 signaling in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells is atheroprotective, highlighting this kinase as a new potential therapeutic target for atherosclerotic disease. Silencing of STK25, an STE20-type kinase, in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells reduces lipid accumulation and suppresses inflammation and fibrotic pathways, ultimately exerting atheroprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmelie Cansby
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sima Kumari
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mara Caputo
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rando Porosk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jonathan Robinson
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Josefine Vallin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julie Grantham
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ursel Soomets
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - L Thomas Svensson
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carina Sihlbom
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Edsfeldt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabel Goncalves
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden
| | - Margit Mahlapuu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sartages M, García-Colomer M, Iglesias C, Howell BW, Macía M, Peña P, Pombo CM, Zalvide J. GCKIII (Germinal Center Kinase III) Kinases STK24 and STK25 (Serine/Threonine Kinase 24 and 25) Inhibit Cavernoma Development. Stroke 2022; 53:976-986. [PMID: 35130716 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.121.036940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cavernous cerebral malformations can arise because of mutations in the CCM1, CCM2, or CCM3 genes, and lack of Cdc42 has also been reported to induce these malformations in mice. However, the role of the CCM3 (cerebral cavernous malformation 3)-associated kinases in cavernoma development is not known, and we, therefore, have investigated their role in the process. METHODS We used a combination of an in vivo approach, using mice genetically modified to be deficient in the CCM3-associated kinases STK24 and STK25 (serine/threonine kinases 24 and 25), and the in vitro model of human endothelial cells in which expression of STK24 and STK25 was inhibited by RNA interference. RESULTS Mice deficient for both Stk24 and Stk25, but not for either of them individually, developed aggressive vascular lesions with the characteristics of cavernomas at an early age. Stk25 deficiency also gave rise to vascular anomalies in the context of Stk24 heterozygosity. Human endothelial cells deficient for both kinases phenocopied several of the consequences of CCM3 loss, and single STK25 deficiency also induced KLF2 expression, Golgi dispersion, altered distribution of β-catenin, and appearance of stress fibers. CONCLUSIONS The CCM3-associated kinases STK24 and STK25 play a major role in the inhibition of cavernoma development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sartages
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain (M.S., M.G.-C., C.I., C.M.P., J.Z.)
| | - Mar García-Colomer
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain (M.S., M.G.-C., C.I., C.M.P., J.Z.)
| | - Cristina Iglesias
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain (M.S., M.G.-C., C.I., C.M.P., J.Z.)
| | - Brian W Howell
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (B.W.H.)
| | - Manuel Macía
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago, Spain (M.M., P.P.)
| | - Patricia Peña
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago, Spain (M.M., P.P.)
| | - Celia M Pombo
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain (M.S., M.G.-C., C.I., C.M.P., J.Z.)
| | - Juan Zalvide
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain (M.S., M.G.-C., C.I., C.M.P., J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
System Analysis of ROS-Related Genes in the Prognosis, Immune Infiltration, and Drug Sensitivity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6485871. [PMID: 34795841 PMCID: PMC8593590 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6485871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in tumors; however, the role of ROS-related genes is still unclear in HCC. Therefore, we analyzed the role of ROS-related genes in HCC via bioinformatics methods. Firstly, a prognosis model was constructed using LASSO Cox regression and multivariate analyses. We also investigated the potential function of the ROS-related genes and the correlation with immune infiltration, tumor stemness, and drug sensitivity. ICGC database was used for validation. Secondly, we further analyzed the role of 11 ROS-related genes in HCC. As a member of ROS gene family, the role of STK25 has remained unclear in HCC. We explored the biological function of STK25 using in vitro experiments. The present study was the first to construct a ROS-related prognostic model in HCC. The correlation of ROS-related genes with immune infiltration, tumor stemness, and drug sensitivity was dissected. Furthermore, we demonstrated that STK25 knockdown could increase the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of HCC cells.
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang B, Li X, Zhu X. The Role of GM130 in Nervous System Diseases. Front Neurol 2021; 12:743787. [PMID: 34777211 PMCID: PMC8581157 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.743787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Golgi matrix protein 130 (GM130) is a Golgi-shaping protein located on the cis surface of the Golgi apparatus (GA). It is one of the most studied Golgin proteins so far. Its biological functions are involved in many aspects of life processes, including mitosis, autophagy, apoptosis, cell polarity, and directed migration at the cellular level, as well as intracellular lipid and protein transport, microtubule formation and assembly, lysosome function maintenance, and glycosylation modification. Mutation inactivation or loss of expression of GM130 has been detected in patients with different diseases. GM130 plays an important role in the development of the nervous system, but the studies on it are limited. This article reviewed the current research progress of GM130 in nervous system diseases. It summarized the physiological functions of GM130 in the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), microcephaly (MCPH), sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE), and Ataxia, aiming to provide ideas for the further study of GM130 in nervous system disease detection and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Huang
- Operational Management Office, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Xihong Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.,Emergency Department, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoshi Zhu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
STK25 and MST3 Have Overlapping Roles to Regulate Rho GTPases during Cortical Development. J Neurosci 2021; 41:8887-8903. [PMID: 34518307 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0523-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise control of neuronal migration is required for the laminar organization of the neocortex and critical for brain function. We previously reported that the acute disruption of the Stk25 gene (Stk25 conditional knock-out; cKO) during mouse embryogenesis causes anomalous neuronal migration in the neocortex, but paradoxically the Stk25 cKO did not have a cortical phenotype, suggesting some forms of compensation exist. In this study, we report that MST3, another member of the GCKIII subgroup of the Ste20-like kinase family, compensates for loss of Stk25 and vice versa with sex independent manner. MST3 overexpression rescued neuronal migration deficit and abnormal axonogenesis in Stk25 cKO brains. Mechanistically, STK25 leads to Rac1 activation and reduced RhoA levels in the developing brain, both of which are required to fully restore neuronal migration in the Stk25 cKO brain. Abnormal migration phenotypes are also rescued by overexpression of Bacurd1and Cul3, which target RhoA for degradation, and activate Rac1. This study reveals that MST3 upregulation is capable of rescuing acute Stk25 deficiency and resolves details of signaling downstream STK25 required for corticogenesis both common to and distinct from MST3 signaling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Proper neuronal migration during cortical development is required for normal neuronal function. Here, we show that STK25 and MST3 kinases regulate neuronal migration and polarization in a mutually compensatory manner. Furthermore, STK25 balances Rac1 activity and RhoA level through forming complexes with α-PIX and β-PIX, GTPase regulatory enzymes, and Cullin3-Bacurd1/Kctd13, a pair of RhoA ubiquitination molecules in a kinase activity-independent manner. Our findings demonstrate the importance of overlapping and unique roles of STK25 and MST3 to regulate Rho GTPase activities in cortical development.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kurhe Y, Caputo M, Cansby E, Xia Y, Kumari S, Anand SK, Howell BW, Marschall HU, Mahlapuu M. Antagonizing STK25 Signaling Suppresses the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Targeting Metabolic, Inflammatory, and Pro-Oncogenic Pathways. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:405-423. [PMID: 34624527 PMCID: PMC8688184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal and fastest-growing cancers. Recently, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has been recognized as a major catalyst for HCC. Thus, additional research is critically needed to identify mechanisms involved in NASH-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, to advance the prevention and treatment of NASH-driven HCC. Because the sterile 20-type kinase serine/threonine kinase 25 (STK25) exacerbates NASH-related phenotypes, we investigated its role in HCC development and aggravation in this study. METHODS Hepatocarcinogenesis was induced in the context of NASH in Stk25 knockout and wild-type mice by combining chemical procarcinogens and a dietary challenge. In the first cohort, a single injection of diethylnitrosamine was combined with a high-fat diet-feeding. In the second cohort, chronic administration of carbon tetrachloride was combined with a choline-deficient L-amino-acid-defined diet. To study the cell-autonomous mode of action of STK25, we silenced this target in the human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2 by small interfering RNA. RESULTS In both mouse models of NASH-driven HCC, the livers from Stk25-/- mice showed a markedly lower tumor burden compared with wild-type controls. We also found that genetic depletion of STK25 in mice suppressed liver tumor growth through reduced hepatocellular apoptosis and decreased compensatory proliferation, by a mechanism that involves protection against hepatic lipotoxicity and inactivation of STAT3, ERK1/2, and p38 signaling. Consistently, silencing of STK25 suppressed proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in HepG2 cells, which was accompanied by lower expression of the markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagic flux. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that antagonizing STK25 signaling hinders the development of NASH-related HCC and provides an impetus for further analysis of STK25 as a therapeutic target for NASH-induced HCC treatment in human beings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeshwant Kurhe
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mara Caputo
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emmelie Cansby
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sima Kumari
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sumit Kumar Anand
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Brian W Howell
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margit Mahlapuu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cansby E, Caputo M, Gao L, Kulkarni NM, Nerstedt A, Ståhlman M, Borén J, Porosk R, Soomets U, Pedrelli M, Parini P, Marschall HU, Nyström J, Howell BW, Mahlapuu M. Depletion of protein kinase STK25 ameliorates renal lipotoxicity and protects against diabetic kidney disease. JCI Insight 2020; 5:140483. [PMID: 33170807 PMCID: PMC7819747 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of severe renal disease worldwide and the single strongest predictor of mortality in diabetes patients. Kidney steatosis has emerged as a critical trigger in the pathogenesis of DKD; however, the molecular mechanism of renal lipotoxicity remains largely unknown. Our recent studies in genetic mouse models, human cell lines, and well-characterized patient cohorts have identified serine/threonine protein kinase 25 (STK25) as a critical regulator of ectopic lipid storage in several metabolic organs prone to diabetic damage. Here, we demonstrate that overexpression of STK25 aggravates renal lipid accumulation and exacerbates structural and functional kidney injury in a mouse model of DKD. Reciprocally, inhibiting STK25 signaling in mice ameliorates diet-induced renal steatosis and alleviates the development of DKD-associated pathologies. Furthermore, we find that STK25 silencing in human kidney cells protects against lipid deposition, as well as oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Together, our results suggest that STK25 regulates a critical node governing susceptibility to renal lipotoxicity and that STK25 antagonism could mitigate DKD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mara Caputo
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | | | | | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rando Porosk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ursel Soomets
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Paolo Parini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and.,Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Theme Inflammation and Infection, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyström
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Brian W Howell
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ueda M, Matsuki T, Fukada M, Eda S, Toya A, Iio A, Tabata H, Nakayama A. Knockdown of Son, a mouse homologue of the ZTTK syndrome gene, causes neuronal migration defects and dendritic spine abnormalities. Mol Brain 2020; 13:80. [PMID: 32448361 PMCID: PMC7245844 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00622-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim (ZTTK) syndrome, a rare congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, brain malformation, facial dysmorphism, musculoskeletal abnormalities, and some visceral malformations is caused by de novo heterozygous mutations of the SON gene. The nuclear protein SON is involved in gene transcription and RNA splicing; however, the roles of SON in neural development remain undetermined. We investigated the effects of Son knockdown on neural development in mice and found that Son knockdown in neural progenitors resulted in defective migration during corticogenesis and reduced spine density on mature cortical neurons. The induction of human wild-type SON expression rescued these neural abnormalities, confirming that the abnormalities were caused by SON insufficiency. We also applied truncated SON proteins encoded by disease-associated mutant SON genes for rescue experiments and found that a truncated SON protein encoded by the most prevalent SON mutant found in ZTTK syndrome rescued the neural abnormalities while another much shorter mutant SON protein did not. These data indicate that SON insufficiency causes neuronal migration defects and dendritic spine abnormalities, which seem neuropathological bases of the neural symptoms of ZTTK syndrome. In addition, the results support that the neural abnormalities in ZTTK syndrome are caused by SON haploinsufficiency independent of the types of mutation that results in functional or dysfunctional proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ueda
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, 4800392, Japan
| | - Tohru Matsuki
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, 4800392, Japan
| | - Masahide Fukada
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, 4800392, Japan
| | - Shima Eda
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, 4800392, Japan
| | - Akie Toya
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, 4800392, Japan.,Department of Neurobiochemistry, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 4668560, Japan
| | - Akio Iio
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, 4800392, Japan.,Biogate Co. Ltd., 331-1 Ohmori, Yamagata, Gifu, 5012123, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tabata
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, 4800392, Japan
| | - Atsuo Nakayama
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Aichi, 4800392, Japan. .,Department of Neurobiochemistry, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 4668560, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nerstedt A, Kurhe Y, Cansby E, Caputo M, Gao L, Vorontsov E, Ståhlman M, Nuñez-Durán E, Borén J, Marschall HU, Mashek DG, Saunders DN, Sihlbom C, Hoy AJ, Mahlapuu M. Lipid droplet-associated kinase STK25 regulates peroxisomal activity and metabolic stress response in steatotic liver. J Lipid Res 2019; 61:178-191. [PMID: 31857389 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are emerging as leading causes of liver disease worldwide and have been recognized as one of the major unmet medical needs of the 21st century. Our recent translational studies in mouse models, human cell lines, and well-characterized patient cohorts have identified serine/threonine kinase (STK)25 as a protein that coats intrahepatocellular lipid droplets (LDs) and critically regulates liver lipid homeostasis and progression of NAFLD/NASH. Here, we studied the mechanism-of-action of STK25 in steatotic liver by relative quantification of the hepatic LD-associated phosphoproteome from high-fat diet-fed Stk25 knockout mice compared with their wild-type littermates. We observed a total of 131 proteins and 60 phosphoproteins that were differentially represented in STK25-deficient livers. Most notably, a number of proteins involved in peroxisomal function, ubiquitination-mediated proteolysis, and antioxidant defense were coordinately regulated in Stk25 -/- versus wild-type livers. We confirmed attenuated peroxisomal biogenesis and protection against oxidative and ER stress in STK25-deficient human liver cells, demonstrating the hepatocyte-autonomous manner of STK25's action. In summary, our results suggest that regulation of peroxisomal function and metabolic stress response may be important molecular mechanisms by which STK25 controls the development and progression of NAFLD/NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Nerstedt
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yeshwant Kurhe
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emmelie Cansby
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mara Caputo
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lei Gao
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Egor Vorontsov
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Esther Nuñez-Durán
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Douglas G Mashek
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Darren N Saunders
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carina Sihlbom
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew J Hoy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Margit Mahlapuu
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cansby E, Magnusson E, Nuñez-Durán E, Amrutkar M, Pedrelli M, Parini P, Hoffmann J, Ståhlman M, Howell BW, Marschall HU, Borén J, Mahlapuu M. STK25 Regulates Cardiovascular Disease Progression in a Mouse Model of Hypercholesterolemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:1723-1737. [PMID: 29930001 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Recent cohort studies have shown that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), associate with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, independently of conventional cardiometabolic risk factors. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological link between NAFLD/NASH and cardiovascular disease still remain unclear. Our previous studies have identified STK25 (serine/threonine protein kinase 25) as a critical determinant in ectopic lipid storage, meta-inflammation, and progression of NAFLD/NASH. The aim of this study was to assess whether STK25 is also one of the mediators in the complex molecular network controlling the cardiovascular disease risk. Approach and Results- Atherosclerosis was induced in Stk25 knockout and transgenic mice, and their wild-type littermates, by gene transfer of gain-of-function mutant of PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9), which induces the downregulation of hepatic LDLR (low-density lipoprotein receptor), combined with an atherogenic western-type diet. We found that Stk25-/- mice displayed reduced atherosclerosis lesion area as well as decreased lipid accumulation, macrophage infiltration, collagen formation, and oxidative stress in aortic lesions compared with wild-type littermates, independently from alterations in dyslipidemia. Reciprocally, Stk25 transgenic mice presented aggravated plaque formation and maturation compared with wild-type littermates despite similar levels of fasting plasma cholesterol. We also found that STK25 protein was expressed in all layers of the aorta, suggesting a possible direct role in cardiovascular disease. Conclusions- This study provides the first evidence that STK25 plays a critical role in regulation of cardiovascular disease risk and suggests that pharmacological inhibition of STK25 function may provide new possibilities for prevention/treatment of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmelie Cansby
- From the Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research (E.C., E.M., E.N.-D., J.H., M.M.)
| | - Elin Magnusson
- From the Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research (E.C., E.M., E.N.-D., J.H., M.M.)
| | - Esther Nuñez-Durán
- From the Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research (E.C., E.M., E.N.-D., J.H., M.M.)
| | - Manoj Amrutkar
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.A.)
| | | | - Paolo Parini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (M.P., P.P.).,Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit (P.P.)
| | - Jenny Hoffmann
- From the Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research (E.C., E.M., E.N.-D., J.H., M.M.)
| | | | - Brian W Howell
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (B.W.H.)
| | | | - Jan Borén
- Wallenberg Laboratory (M.S., H.-U.M., J.B.)
| | - Margit Mahlapuu
- From the Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research (E.C., E.M., E.N.-D., J.H., M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Caracci MO, Fuentealba LM, Marzolo MP. Golgi Complex Dynamics and Its Implication in Prevalent Neurological Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:75. [PMID: 31134199 PMCID: PMC6514153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coupling of protein synthesis with protein delivery to distinct subcellular domains is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and defects thereof have consistently been shown to be associated with several diseases. This function is particularly challenging for neurons given their polarized nature and differential protein requirements in synaptic boutons, dendrites, axons, and soma. Long-range trafficking is greatly enhanced in neurons by discrete mini-organelles resembling the Golgi complex (GC) referred to as Golgi outposts (GOPs) which play an essential role in the development of dendritic arborization. In this context, the morphology of the GC is highly plastic, and the polarized distribution of this organelle is necessary for neuronal migration and polarized growth. Furthermore, synaptic components are readily trafficked and modified at GOP suggesting a function for this organelle in synaptic plasticity. However, little is known about GOPs properties and biogenesis and the role of GOP dysregulation in pathology. In this review, we discuss current literature supporting a role for GC dynamics in prevalent neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and epilepsy, and examine the association of these disorders with the wide-ranging effects of GC function on common cellular pathways regulating neuronal excitability, polarity, migration, and organellar stress. First, we discuss the role of Golgins and Golgi-associated proteins in the regulation of GC morphology and dynamics. Then, we consider abnormal GC arrangements observed in neurological disorders and associations with common neuronal defects therein. Finally, we consider the cell signaling pathways involved in the modulation of GC dynamics and argue for a master regulatory role for Reelin signaling, a well-known regulator of neuronal polarity and migration. Determining the cellular pathways involved in shaping the Golgi network will have a direct and profound impact on our current understanding of neurodevelopment and neuropathology and aid the development of novel therapeutic strategies for improved patient care and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario O Caracci
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luz M Fuentealba
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María-Paz Marzolo
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pombo CM, Iglesias C, Sartages M, Zalvide JB. MST Kinases and Metabolism. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1111-1118. [PMID: 30882881 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the mammalian sterile twenty (MST) kinase family of proteins (MST1/STK4, MST2/STK3, MST3/STK24, and SOK1/STK25), much has been done that adds to our knowledge of their structure, regulation, and function. In the last few years, a series of articles has unveiled a previous unknown relation of these kinases with metabolic regulation and the homeostasis of metabolic tissues. The aim of this review is to bring together this body of data to provide a detailed picture of the current knowledge about these proteins, metabolism, and some of the associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celia M Pombo
- Departamento de Fisioloxía and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Cristina Iglesias
- Departamento de Fisioloxía and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Miriam Sartages
- Departamento de Fisioloxía and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan B Zalvide
- Departamento de Fisioloxía and Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rahimi-Balaei M, Bergen H, Kong J, Marzban H. Neuronal Migration During Development of the Cerebellum. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:484. [PMID: 30618631 PMCID: PMC6304365 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal migration is a fundamental process in central nervous system (CNS) development. The assembly of functioning neuronal circuits relies on neuronal migration occurring in the appropriate spatio-temporal pattern. A defect in the neuronal migration may result in a neurological disorder. The cerebellum, as a part of the CNS, plays a pivotal role in motor coordination and non-motor functions such as emotion, cognition and language. The excitatory and inhibitory neurons within the cerebellum originate from different distinct germinal zones and migrate through complex routes to assemble in a well-defined neuronal organization in the cerebellar cortex and nuclei. In this review article, the neuronal migration modes and pathways from germinal zones to the final position in the cerebellar cortex and nuclei will be described. The cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in cerebellar neuronal migration during development will also be reviewed. Finally, some diseases and animal models associated with defects in neuronal migration will be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahimi-Balaei
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,The Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hugo Bergen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jiming Kong
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hassan Marzban
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,The Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kuwako KI, Okano H. Versatile Roles of LKB1 Kinase Signaling in Neural Development and Homeostasis. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:354. [PMID: 30333724 PMCID: PMC6176002 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinase signaling pathways orchestrate a majority of cellular structures and functions across species. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1, also known as STK11 or Par-4) is a ubiquitously expressed master serine/threonine kinase that plays crucial roles in numerous cellular events, such as polarity control, proliferation, differentiation and energy homeostasis, in many types of cells by activating downstream kinases of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) subfamily members. In contrast to the accumulating evidence for LKB1 functions in nonneuronal tissues, its functions in the nervous system have been relatively less understood until recently. In the brain, LKB1 initially emerged as a principal regulator of axon/dendrite polarity in forebrain neurons. Thereafter, recent investigations have rapidly uncovered diverse and essential functions of LKB1 in the developing and mature nervous system, such as migration, neurite morphogenesis, myelination and the maintenance of neural integrity, demonstrating that LKB1 is also a multifunctional master kinase in the nervous system. In this review article, we summarize the expanding knowledge about the functional aspects of LKB1 signaling in neural development and homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Kuwako
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mencarelli C, Nitarska J, Kroecher T, Ferraro F, Massey K, Riccio A, Pichaud F. RanBP1 Couples Nuclear Export and Golgi Regulation through LKB1 to Promote Cortical Neuron Polarity. Cell Rep 2018; 24:2529-2539.e4. [PMID: 30184488 PMCID: PMC6137820 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal polarity in the developing cortex begins during the early stages of neural progenitor migration toward the cortical plate and culminates with the specification of the axon and dendrites. Here, we demonstrate that the Ran-dependent nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery is essential for the establishment of cortical neuron polarity. We found that Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1) regulates axon specification and dendritic arborization in cultured neurons in vitro and radial neural migration in vivo. During axonogenesis, RanBP1 regulates the cytoplasmic levels of the polarity protein LKB1/Par4, and this is dependent on the nuclear export machinery. Our results show that downstream of RanBP1, LKB1 function is mediated by the STK25-GM130 pathway, which promotes axonogenesis through Golgi regulation. Our results indicate that the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery is a main regulator of neuron polarity, including radial migration, and that the regulated export of LKB1 through RanBP1 is a limiting step of axonogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mencarelli
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Justyna Nitarska
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tim Kroecher
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Francesco Ferraro
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Katherine Massey
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Antonella Riccio
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Franck Pichaud
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sütt S, Cansby E, Paul A, Amrutkar M, Nuñez-Durán E, Kulkarni NM, Ståhlman M, Borén J, Laurencikiene J, Howell BW, Enerbäck S, Mahlapuu M. STK25 regulates oxidative capacity and metabolic efficiency in adipose tissue. J Endocrinol 2018; 238:187-202. [PMID: 29794231 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Whole-body energy homeostasis at over-nutrition critically depends on how well adipose tissue remodels in response to excess calories. We recently identified serine/threonine protein kinase (STK)25 as a critical regulator of ectopic lipid storage in non-adipose tissue and systemic insulin resistance in the context of nutritional stress. Here, we investigated the role of STK25 in regulation of adipose tissue dysfunction in mice challenged with a high-fat diet. We found that overexpression of STK25 in high-fat-fed mice resulted in impaired mitochondrial function and aggravated hypertrophy, inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in adipose depots. Reciprocally, Stk25-knockout mice displayed improved mitochondrial function and were protected against diet-induced excessive fat storage, meta-inflammation and fibrosis in brown and white adipose tissues. Furthermore, in rodent HIB-1B cell line, STK25 depletion resulted in enhanced mitochondrial activity and consequently, reduced lipid droplet size, demonstrating an autonomous action for STK25 within adipocytes. In summary, we provide the first evidence for a key function of STK25 in controlling the metabolic balance of lipid utilization vs lipid storage in brown and white adipose depots, suggesting that repression of STK25 activity offers a potential strategy for establishing healthier adipose tissue in the context of chronic exposure to dietary lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silva Sütt
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes ResearchDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emmelie Cansby
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes ResearchDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Paul
- Department of Biology and Biological EngineeringDivision of Chemical Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Manoj Amrutkar
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary SurgeryInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Esther Nuñez-Durán
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes ResearchDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nagaraj M Kulkarni
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes ResearchDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg LaboratoryInstitute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg LaboratoryInstitute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jurga Laurencikiene
- Lipid LaboratoryDepartment of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brian W Howell
- Department of Neuroscience and PhysiologyState University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Sven Enerbäck
- Department of Medical and Clinical GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margit Mahlapuu
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes ResearchDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu F, Gao P, Wu W, Wang Z, Yang J, Di J, Jiang B, Su X. STK25-induced inhibition of aerobic glycolysis via GOLPH3-mTOR pathway suppresses cell proliferation in colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:144. [PMID: 29996891 PMCID: PMC6042396 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serine/threonine protein kinase 25 (STK25) is critical in regulating whole-body glucose and insulin homeostasis and the accumulation of ectopic lipids. The Warburg effect, also known as aerobic glycolysis, is an essential metabolic characteristic of cancer cells. However, the effects of STK25 on aerobic glycolysis of cancer cells remain unexplored. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of STK25 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The influences of STK25 on the cell proliferation were evaluated by MTT and colony formation assays. The roles of STK25 in aerobic glycolysis were determined by glucose uptake and lactate production assays. The interaction between STK25 and GOLPH3 was detected by co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down, and His-tag pull-down assays. Western blot was used to measure the expression of glycolytic genes, and the status of kinases in mTOR pathway. Moreover, a xenograft mouse model was used to investigate the effects of STK25 in vivo. The prognostic significance of STK25 was analyzed using public CRC datasets by a log-rank test. RESULTS STK25 suppressed proliferation, glycolysis and glycolytic gene expression in CRC cells. STK25 interacted with GOLPH3 and mediated glycolysis through GOLPH3-regulated mTOR signaling. Consistent with these observations, silencing of STK25 promoted tumor growth and glycolytic gene expression in an in vivo xenograft mouse model. Moreover, high levels of STK25 correlated with favorable prognosis in patients with CRC. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that STK25 negatively regulates the proliferation and glycolysis via GOLPH3-dependent mTOR signaling. Accordingly, STK25 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.,Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Pin Gao
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zaozao Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jiabo Di
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Beihai Jiang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Xiangqian Su
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen S, Fang Y, Xu S, Reis C, Zhang J. Mammalian Sterile20-like Kinases: Signalings and Roles in Central Nervous System. Aging Dis 2018; 9:537-552. [PMID: 29896440 PMCID: PMC5988607 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian Sterile20-like (MST) kinases are located upstream in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and play an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, renewal, polarization and migration. Generally, five MST kinases exist in mammalian signal transduction pathways, including MST1, MST2, MST3, MST4 and YSK1. The central nervous system (CNS) is a sophisticated entity that takes charge of information reception, integration and response. Recently, accumulating evidence proposes that MST kinases are critical in the development of disease in different systems involving the CNS. In this review, we summarized the signal transduction pathways and interacting proteins of MST kinases. The potential biological function of each MST kinase and the commonly reported MST-related diseases in the neural system are also reviewed. Further investigation of MST kinases and their interaction with CNS diseases would provide the medical community with new therapeutic targets for human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanjian Fang
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenbin Xu
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cesar Reis
- 2Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,3Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,4Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Asymmetric Golgi Repositioning: A Prerequisite for Appropriate Dendrite Formation in Adult-Born Neurons. J Neurosci 2018; 38:4843-4845. [PMID: 29793931 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0416-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
25
|
Nuñez-Durán E, Aghajan M, Amrutkar M, Sütt S, Cansby E, Booten SL, Watt A, Ståhlman M, Stefan N, Häring HU, Staiger H, Borén J, Marschall HU, Mahlapuu M. Serine/threonine protein kinase 25 antisense oligonucleotide treatment reverses glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. Hepatol Commun 2017; 2:69-83. [PMID: 29404514 PMCID: PMC5776874 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are also at risk of developing cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, no specific therapy exists for NAFLD/NASH, which has been recognized as one of the major unmet medical needs of the twenty‐first century. We recently identified serine/threonine protein kinase (STK)25 as a critical regulator of energy homeostasis and NAFLD progression. Here, we investigated the effect of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting Stk25 on the metabolic and molecular phenotype of mice after chronic exposure to dietary lipids. We found that Stk25 ASOs efficiently reversed high‐fat diet‐induced systemic hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, improved whole‐body glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and ameliorated liver steatosis, inflammatory infiltration, apoptosis, hepatic stellate cell activation, and nutritional fibrosis in obese mice. Moreover, Stk25 ASOs suppressed the abundance of liver acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) protein, a key regulator of both lipid oxidation and synthesis, revealing the likely mechanism underlying repression of hepatic fat accumulation by ASO treatment. We also found that STK25 protein levels correlate significantly and positively with NASH development in human liver biopsies, and several common nonlinked single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the human STK25 gene are associated with altered liver fat, supporting a critical role of STK25 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in humans. Conclusion: Preclinical validation for the metabolic benefit of pharmacologically inhibiting STK25 in the context of obesity is provided. Therapeutic intervention aimed at reducing STK25 function may provide a new strategy for the treatment of patients with NAFLD, type 2 diabetes, and related complex metabolic diseases. (Hepatology Communications 2018;2:69–83)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Nuñez-Durán
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | | | - Manoj Amrutkar
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Children Surgery University of Oslo Norway
| | - Silva Sütt
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Emmelie Cansby
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | | | | | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Norbert Stefan
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research Tübingen Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research Tübingen Germany
| | - Harald Staiger
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research Tübingen Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Eberhard Karls University Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - Jan Borén
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Margit Mahlapuu
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
The functions of Reelin in membrane trafficking and cytoskeletal dynamics: implications for neuronal migration, polarization and differentiation. Biochem J 2017; 474:3137-3165. [PMID: 28887403 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reelin is a large extracellular matrix protein with relevant roles in mammalian central nervous system including neurogenesis, neuronal polarization and migration during development; and synaptic plasticity with its implications in learning and memory, in the adult. Dysfunctions in reelin signaling are associated with brain lamination defects such as lissencephaly, but also with neuropsychiatric diseases like autism, schizophrenia and depression as well with neurodegeneration. Reelin signaling involves a core pathway that activates upon reelin binding to its receptors, particularly ApoER2 (apolipoprotein E receptor 2)/LRP8 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8) and very low-density lipoprotein receptor, followed by Src/Fyn-mediated phosphorylation of the adaptor protein Dab1 (Disabled-1). Phosphorylated Dab1 (pDab1) is a hub in the signaling cascade, from which several other downstream pathways diverge reflecting the different roles of reelin. Many of these pathways affect the dynamics of the actin and microtubular cytoskeleton, as well as membrane trafficking through the regulation of the activity of small GTPases, including the Rho and Rap families and molecules involved in cell polarity. The complexity of reelin functions is reflected by the fact that, even now, the precise mode of action of this signaling cascade in vivo at the cellular and molecular levels remains unclear. This review addresses and discusses in detail the participation of reelin in the processes underlying neurogenesis, neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus; and the polarization, differentiation and maturation processes that neurons experiment in order to be functional in the adult brain. In vivo and in vitro evidence is presented in order to facilitate a better understanding of this fascinating system.
Collapse
|
27
|
Amrutkar M, Chursa U, Kern M, Nuñez-Durán E, Ståhlman M, Sütt S, Borén J, Johansson BR, Marschall HU, Blüher M, Mahlapuu M. STK25 is a critical determinant in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. FASEB J 2016; 30:3628-3643. [PMID: 27421788 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600562r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and 10-20% of patients with NAFLD progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with a high risk of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite its high medical importance, the molecular mechanisms controlling progression from simple liver steatosis to NASH remain elusive. We recently identified serine/threonine protein kinase (STK)25 as a critical regulator of ectopic lipid deposition, systemic glucose, and insulin homeostasis. To elucidate the role of STK25 in the development of NASH, we challenged Stk25-knockout and transgenic mice with a methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet. We show that Stk25-/- mice are protected against MCD-diet-induced NASH, as evidenced by repressed liver steatosis, oxidative damage, inflammation, and fibrosis, whereas Stk25 transgenic mice developed a more severe NASH phenotype, compared with corresponding wild-type littermates. Consistently, NASH features were suppressed in STK25-deficient human hepatocytes cultured in MCD medium, and reciprocally enhanced in STK25-overexpressing cells. We also found a significant positive correlation in human liver biopsies between STK25 expression and NASH development. The study provides evidence for multiple roles of STK25 in NASH pathogenesis and future investigations to address the potential therapeutic relevance of pharmacological STK25 inhibitors in prevention and treatment of NASH are warranted.-Amrutkar, M., Chursa, U., Kern, M., Nuñez-Durán, E., Ståhlman, M., Sütt, S., Borén, J., Johansson, B. R., Marschall, H.-U., Blüher, M., Mahlapuu, M. STK25 is a critical determinant in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthias Kern
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and
| | - Silva Sütt
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research and
| | - Jan Borén
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and
| | - Bengt R Johansson
- Institute of Biomedicine, Electron Microscopy Unit, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ohtaka-Maruyama C, Okado H. Molecular Pathways Underlying Projection Neuron Production and Migration during Cerebral Cortical Development. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:447. [PMID: 26733777 PMCID: PMC4682034 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamatergic neurons of the mammalian cerebral cortex originate from radial glia (RG) progenitors in the ventricular zone (VZ). During corticogenesis, neuroblasts migrate toward the pial surface using two different migration modes. One is multipolar (MP) migration with random directional movement, and the other is locomotion, which is a unidirectional movement guided by the RG fiber. After reaching their final destination, the neurons finalize their migration by terminal translocation, which is followed by maturation via dendrite extension to initiate synaptogenesis and thereby complete neural circuit formation. This switching of migration modes during cortical development is unique in mammals, which suggests that the RG-guided locomotion mode may contribute to the evolution of the mammalian neocortical 6-layer structure. Many factors have been reported to be involved in the regulation of this radial neuronal migration process. In general, the radial migration can be largely divided into four steps; (1) maintenance and departure from the VZ of neural progenitor cells, (2) MP migration and transition to bipolar cells, (3) RG-guided locomotion, and (4) terminal translocation and dendrite maturation. Among these, many different gene mutations or knockdown effects have resulted in failure of the MP to bipolar transition (step 2), suggesting that it is a critical step, particularly in radial migration. Moreover, this transition occurs at the subplate layer. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying each of these steps. Finally, we discuss the evolutionary aspects of neuronal migration in corticogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Ohtaka-Maruyama
- Neural Network Project, Department of Brain Development and Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruo Okado
- Neural Development Project, Department of Brain Development and Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Decoding the molecular mechanisms of neuronal migration using in utero electroporation. Med Mol Morphol 2015; 49:63-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00795-015-0127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
30
|
Imitola J, Khurana DS, Teplyuk NM, Zucker M, Jethva R, Legido A, Krichevsky AM, Frangieh M, Walsh CA, Carvalho KS. A novel 2q37 microdeletion containing human neural progenitors genes including STK25 results in severe developmental delay, epilepsy, and microcephaly. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:2808-16. [PMID: 26238961 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
2q37 microdeletion syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by neurodevelopmental delay, bone, cardiovascular, and neurological alterations. This syndrome is typically associated with loss of genetic material of approximately 100 genes in the 2q37 band. However, the genes associated with neurodevelopmental phenotype in this syndrome are still unknown. We identified a deleted region of 496 kb by whole genome array CGH in a patient who fulfilled criteria for 2q37 microdeletion syndrome with developmental delay, microcephaly, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, hand wringing, toe walking, and seizures. The deleted segment contains genes that are highly expressed in the developing human cortical plate and the subventricular zone (SVZ) in vivo and human neural progenitors in vitro, including SEPT2, THAP4, ATG4B, PPP1R7, and STK25. Network analysis revealed that STK25 was the most interacting gene associated with neural development in this deletion. Our report narrows the likely causative genomic region for microcephaly and neurodevelopmental delay in 2q37 microdeletion syndrome to a small genomic region enriched with neural progenitor genes that may represent an important locus for the development of the human cortex and corpus callosum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Imitola
- Laboratory for Neural Stem Cells and Functional Neurogenetics, Division of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Divya S Khurana
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, St. Christopher Hospital for Children's, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philaldelphia
| | - Nadiya M Teplyuk
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark Zucker
- Laboratory for Neural Stem Cells and Functional Neurogenetics, Division of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Reena Jethva
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, St. Christopher Hospital for Children's, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philaldelphia
| | - Agustin Legido
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, St. Christopher Hospital for Children's, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philaldelphia
| | - Ana M Krichevsky
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Frangieh
- Laboratory for Neural Stem Cells and Functional Neurogenetics, Division of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christopher A Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karen S Carvalho
- Section of Pediatric Neurology, St. Christopher Hospital for Children's, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philaldelphia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Amrutkar M, Cansby E, Chursa U, Nuñez-Durán E, Chanclón B, Ståhlman M, Fridén V, Mannerås-Holm L, Wickman A, Smith U, Bäckhed F, Borén J, Howell BW, Mahlapuu M. Genetic Disruption of Protein Kinase STK25 Ameliorates Metabolic Defects in a Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Model. Diabetes 2015; 64:2791-804. [PMID: 25845663 PMCID: PMC4876789 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular networks controlling ectopic lipid deposition, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity is essential to identifying new pharmacological approaches to treat type 2 diabetes. We recently identified serine/threonine protein kinase 25 (STK25) as a negative regulator of glucose and insulin homeostasis based on observations in myoblasts with acute depletion of STK25 and in STK25-overexpressing transgenic mice. Here, we challenged Stk25 knockout mice and wild-type littermates with a high-fat diet and showed that STK25 deficiency suppressed development of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, improved systemic glucose tolerance, reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis, and increased insulin sensitivity. Stk25(-/-) mice were protected from diet-induced liver steatosis accompanied by decreased protein levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, a key regulator of both lipid oxidation and synthesis. Lipid accumulation in Stk25(-/-) skeletal muscle was reduced, and expression of enzymes controlling the muscle oxidative capacity (Cpt1, Acox1, Cs, Cycs, Ucp3) and glucose metabolism (Glut1, Glut4, Hk2) was increased. These data are consistent with our previous study of STK25 knockdown in myoblasts and reciprocal to the metabolic phenotype of Stk25 transgenic mice, reinforcing the validity of the results. The findings suggest that STK25 deficiency protects against the metabolic consequences of chronic exposure to dietary lipids and highlight the potential of STK25 antagonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Amrutkar
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emmelie Cansby
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Urszula Chursa
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Esther Nuñez-Durán
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Belén Chanclón
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vincent Fridén
- Center for Physiology and Bio-Imaging, Core Facilities, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Mannerås-Holm
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Wickman
- Center for Physiology and Bio-Imaging, Core Facilities, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Smith
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Borén
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Brian W Howell
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Margit Mahlapuu
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cooper JA. Molecules and mechanisms that regulate multipolar migration in the intermediate zone. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:386. [PMID: 25452716 PMCID: PMC4231986 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Most neurons migrate with an elongated, “bipolar” morphology, extending a long leading process that explores the environment. However, when immature projection neurons enter the intermediate zone (IZ) of the neocortex they become “multipolar”. Multipolar cells extend and retract cytoplasmic processes in different directions and move erratically—sideways, up and down. Multipolar cells extend axons while they are in the lower half of the IZ. Remarkably, the cells then resume radial migration: they reorient their centrosome and Golgi apparatus towards the pia, transform back to bipolar morphology, and commence locomotion along radial glia (RG) fibers. This reorientation implies the existence of directional signals in the IZ that are ignored during the multipolar stage but sensed after axonogenesis. In vivo genetic manipulation has implicated a variety of candidate directional signals, cell surface receptors, and signaling pathways, that may be involved in polarizing multipolar cells and stabilizing a pia-directed leading process for radial migration. Other signals are implicated in starting multipolar migration and triggering axon outgrowth. Here we review the molecules and mechanisms that regulate multipolar migration, and also discuss how multipolar migration affects the orderly arrangement of neurons in layers and columns in the developing neocortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Cooper
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Basic Sciences Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|