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Carey-Smith SL, Kotecha RS, Cheung LC, Malinge S. Insights into the Clinical, Biological and Therapeutic Impact of Copy Number Alteration in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6815. [PMID: 38999925 PMCID: PMC11241182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Copy number alterations (CNAs), resulting from the gain or loss of genetic material from as little as 50 base pairs or as big as entire chromosome(s), have been associated with many congenital diseases, de novo syndromes and cancer. It is established that CNAs disturb the dosage of genomic regions including enhancers/promoters, long non-coding RNA and gene(s) among others, ultimately leading to an altered balance of key cellular functions. In cancer, CNAs have been associated with almost all steps of the disease: predisposition, initiation, development, maintenance, response to treatment, resistance, and relapse. Therefore, understanding how specific CNAs contribute to tumourigenesis may provide prognostic insight and ultimately lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes. In this review, we provide a snapshot of what is currently known about CNAs and cancer, incorporating topics regarding their detection, clinical impact, origin, and nature, and discuss the integration of innovative genetic engineering strategies, to highlight the potential for targeting CNAs using novel, dosage-sensitive and less toxic therapies for CNA-driven cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L. Carey-Smith
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (S.L.C.-S.); (R.S.K.); (L.C.C.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Rishi S. Kotecha
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (S.L.C.-S.); (R.S.K.); (L.C.C.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Perth Children’s Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Laurence C. Cheung
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (S.L.C.-S.); (R.S.K.); (L.C.C.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Sébastien Malinge
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (S.L.C.-S.); (R.S.K.); (L.C.C.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Tamaki S, Iwatani S, Ikuta T, Takeoka E, Matsui S, Mimura H, Yokoi A, Hatakeyama T, Yoshimoto S, Nakao H. Impact of definitive surgery for esophageal atresia on long-term outcomes in patients with trisomy 18. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63792. [PMID: 38884184 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the long-term outcomes of palliative and definitive surgeries for esophageal atresia (EA) in patients with trisomy 18 syndrome. A retrospective study included 25 cases undergoing EA surgery at our center between 2008 and 2022. The Palliative group (n = 16) comprised 13 cases with esophageal banding and 3 with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) division. The Definitive group (n = 9) included 5 cases with primary repair and 4 with staged repair following TEF division. The patient characteristics exhibited no significant differences between the groups. In the Definitive group, 56% (5/9) were successfully weaned off mechanical ventilation, compared with none in the Palliative group (p = 0.002). Survival-to-discharge rates were 31% (5/16) in the Palliative group and 67% (6/9) in the Definitive group. Home ventilator management was required for all 5 cases that required ventilation in the Palliative group, whereas only 17% (1/6) in the Definitive group needed it. The Palliative group also required continuous oral suction for persistent saliva removal, with two cases undergoing laryngotracheal separation. Overall, definitive surgery for EA in patients with trisomy 18 syndrome may provide enhanced respiratory stability, thereby improving the survival-to-discharge rate and overall quality of life for patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Tamaki
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sota Iwatani
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Ikuta
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Emiko Takeoka
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Matsui
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Mimura
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akiko Yokoi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hatakeyama
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Seiji Yoshimoto
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hideto Nakao
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Ziogas IA, Kakos CD, Kokkinakis S, Hills-Dunlap JL, Corkum KS, Acker SN, Diaz-Miron JL, Lovvorn HN, Roach JP, Gosain A. Management and Outcomes of Hepatoblastoma in Patients With Trisomy 18: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis of 70 Patients. J Pediatr Surg 2024:S0022-3468(24)00363-4. [PMID: 38955626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Predicted 1-year survival of children with trisomy 18 (T18) has increased to 59.3%. We aimed to systematically review the characteristics, management, and outcomes of children with T18 and hepatoblastoma. METHODS A systematic literature review of the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 statement (end-of-search date: 03/03/2024). RESULTS Fifty studies reporting on 70 patients were included. The median age at diagnosis was 11.5 months, 85.9% were female (n = 55/64), and 15.0% had mosaic T18 (n = 6/40). Diagnosis was made during symptom evaluation (most commonly hepatomegaly or abdominal mass) in 45.5% (n = 15/33), incidentally in 24.2% (n = 8/33), during surveillance with abdominal ultrasound in 18.2% (n = 6/33), and at autopsy in 12.1% (n = 4/33). The median tumor size was 6.4 cm, 33.3% had multiple tumors (n = 14/42), and metastasis was present in one patient (3.8%; n = 1/26). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 42.6% (n = 26/61) and adjuvant chemotherapy in 31.6% (n = 18/57). Surgical treatment was performed in 64.2% (n = 43/67). Of the patients not diagnosed on autopsy, overall mortality was 35.5% (n = 22/62) over a median follow-up of 11.0 months. Among the 26 deceased patients (including those diagnosed on autopsy), the most common causes of death were cardiopulmonary disease (38.5%, n = 10/26) and tumor progression (30.8%, n = 8/26). CONCLUSIONS T18 does not preclude resection with curative intent for hepatoblastoma. Combination of surgery and chemotherapy should be considered in children on an individualized basis depending on tumor characteristics and underlying cardiopulmonary comorbidities. Locoregional modalities may have a role in the setting of severe comorbidities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Ziogas
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Christos D Kakos
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatios Kokkinakis
- Department of Surgery, University of Crete School of Medicine, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jonathan L Hills-Dunlap
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine S Corkum
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Shannon N Acker
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jose L Diaz-Miron
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Harold N Lovvorn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell, Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jonathan P Roach
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ankush Gosain
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Olsen IE, Granger M, Masoud W, Clark RH, Ferguson AN. Defining Body Mass Index Using Weight and Length for Gestational Age in the Growth Assessment of Preterm Infants at Birth. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e2735-e2743. [PMID: 37683671 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1774316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to describe (1) body mass indexes (BMIs) using weight and length for gestational age (GA) classifications, and (2) the additional information BMI, as a measure of body proportionality, provides for preterm infant growth assessment and care plans at birth. STUDY DESIGN Birth weight, length, and BMI of 188,646 preterm infants (24-36 weeks gestation) admitted to U.S. neonatal intensive care units (Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse, 2013-2018) were classified (Olsen curves) as small, appropriate, or large for GA (SGA < 10th, AGA 10-90th, LGA > 90th percentile for GA, respectively). The distribution for the 27 weight-length-BMI combinations was described. RESULTS At birth, most infants were appropriate for weight (80.0%), length (82.2%), head circumference (82.9%), and BMI (79.9%) for GA. Birth weight for GA identified approximately 20% of infants as SGA or LGA. Infants born SGA (or LGA) for both weight and length ("proportionate" in size) were usually appropriate for BMI (59.0% and 75.6%). BMI distinguished disproportionate weight for length in infants with SGA or LGA weight at birth (58.3%, 49.9%). BMI also identified 11.4% of AGA weight infants as small or large for BMI ("disproportionate" in size) at birth; only using weight for GA missed these underweight/overweight for length infants. CONCLUSION The unique, additional information provided by birth BMI further informs individualized preterm infant growth assessment by providing an assessment of an infant's body proportionality (weight relative to its length) in addition to the routine assessment of weight, length, and head circumference for GA and may better inform care plans and impact outcomes. KEY POINTS · Most preterm infants were born AGA for all growth measures.. · AGA weight infants may be under- or overweight for length.. · BMI distinguished body disproportionality in SGA/LGA infants.. · Recommend BMI assessed along with weight, length and head.. · Further research on BMI in preterm infants is needed..
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene E Olsen
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marion Granger
- School of Data Science and Analytics, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia
| | - Waleed Masoud
- School of Data Science and Analytics, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia
| | - Reese H Clark
- The Pediatrix Center for Research, Education, Quality, and Safety (CREQS), Pediatrix Medical Group, Inc., Sunrise, Florida
| | - A Nicole Ferguson
- School of Data Science and Analytics, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia
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St Louis JD, Bhat A, Carey JC, Lin AE, Mann PC, Smith LM, Wilfond BS, Kosiv KA, Sorabella RA, Alsoufi B. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) 2023 Expert Consensus Document: Recommendation for the care of children with trisomy 13 or trisomy 18 and a congenital heart defect. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 167:1519-1532. [PMID: 38284966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recommendations for surgical repair of a congenital heart defect in children with trisomy 13 or trisomy 18 remain controversial, are subject to biases, and are largely unsupported with limited empirical data. This has created significant distrust and uncertainty among parents and could potentially lead to suboptimal care for patients. A working group, representing several clinical specialties involved with the care of these children, developed recommendations to assist in the decision-making process for congenital heart defect care in this population. The goal of these recommendations is to provide families and their health care teams with a framework for clinical decision making based on the literature and expert opinions. METHODS This project was performed under the auspices of the AATS Congenital Heart Surgery Evidence-Based Medicine Taskforce. A Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison/Control, Outcome process was used to generate preliminary statements and recommendations to address various aspects related to cardiac surgery in children with trisomy 13 or trisomy 18. Delphi methodology was then used iteratively to generate consensus among the group using a structured communication process. RESULTS Nine recommendations were developed from a set of initial statements that arose from the Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison/Control, Outcome process methodology following the groups' review of more than 500 articles. These recommendations were adjudicated by this group of experts using a modified Delphi process in a reproducible fashion and make up the current publication. The Class (strength) of recommendations was usually Class IIa (moderate benefit), and the overall level (quality) of evidence was level C-limited data. CONCLUSIONS This is the first set of recommendations collated by an expert multidisciplinary group to address specific issues around indications for surgical intervention in children with trisomy 13 or trisomy 18 with congenital heart defect. Based on our analysis of recent data, we recommend that decisions should not be based solely on the presence of trisomy but, instead, should be made on a case-by-case basis, considering both the severity of the baby's heart disease as well as the presence of other anomalies. These recommendations offer a framework to assist parents and clinicians in surgical decision making for children who have trisomy 13 or trisomy 18 with congenital heart defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D St Louis
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Ga.
| | - Aarti Bhat
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital and University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - John C Carey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah Health and Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Angela E Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, Mass
| | - Paul C Mann
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Ga
| | - Laura Miller Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore
| | - Benjamin S Wilfond
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital and University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Katherine A Kosiv
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Robert A Sorabella
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - Bahaaldin Alsoufi
- Department of Surgery, University of Louisville and Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, Ky
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Sato R, Yoshimura H, Kosho T, Takumi Y. Cause, severity, and efficacy of treatment for hearing loss in children with Trisomy 18: A single institution-based retrospective study. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63492. [PMID: 38062644 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Trisomy 18 is a common chromosomal aberration syndrome, characterized by variable clinical manifestations, including cardiovascular, pulmonary, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal findings, leading to a shorter survival and severe developmental delay in survivors. However, recently, intensive therapeutic intervention has allowed for prolonging survival. In terms of otological complications, only a limited number of relevant reports have been published. To demonstrate the characteristic of hearing loss (HL) in children with Trisomy 18, we retrospectively evaluated 22 patients (44 ears) by comprehensive auditory evaluation with the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) test and temporal bone computed tomography (CT). ASSR revealed that 20 patients (91%) had bilateral moderate to profound HL, more frequent and severe than that in Trisomy 21; among 42 ears having HL, 12 ears (29%) had conductive HL, and 26 ears (62%) had mixed HL. CT scans of 38 ears revealed that 34 ears (89%) had an external and middle ear malformation. Hearing aids (HA) were fitted in 17 patients (air and bone-conduction HAs). The threshold hearing with HA was improved in all of them. Accurate otological evaluation using ASSR and CT and intervention by HAs could be a feasible choice for children with Trisomy 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ririko Sato
- Division of Otolaryngology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hidekane Yoshimura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
- Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takumi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Arias-Peso B, Calero-Ramos ML, López-Ladrón García de la Borbolla C, López-Domínguez M, Morillo-Sánchez MJ, Méndez-Martínez S, Sánchez-Gómez S, Rodríguez-de-la-Rúa E. Multidisciplinary approach to inherited causes of dual sensory impairment. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:701-715. [PMID: 37341837 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This article presents a review of the main causes of inherited dual sensory impairment (DSI) with an emphasis on the multidisciplinary approach. METHODS A narrative review of English literature published before January 2023 was conducted using PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases. The different causes of inherited DSI are discussed from a multidisciplinary perspective. RESULTS There are a wide range of dual sensory impairment (DSI), commonly referred to as blindness and deafness. While Usher syndrome is the most frequent genetic cause, other genetic syndromes such as Alport syndrome or Stickler syndrome can also lead to DSI. Various retinal phenotypes, including pigmentary retinopathy as seen in Usher syndrome, vitreoretinopathy as in Stickler syndrome, and macular dystrophy as in Alport syndrome, along with type of hearing loss (sensorineural or conductive) and additional systemic symptoms can aid in diagnostic suspicion. A thorough ophthalmologic and otorhinolaryngologic examination can help guide diagnosis, which can then be confirmed with genetic studies, crucial for determining prognosis. Effective hearing rehabilitation measures, such as hearing implants, and visual rehabilitation measures, such as low vision optical devices, are crucial for maintaining social interaction and proper development in these patients. CONCLUSIONS While Usher syndrome is the primary cause of inherited dual sensory impairment (DSI), other genetic syndromes can also lead to this condition. A proper diagnostic approach based on retinal phenotypes and types of hearing loss can aid in ruling out alternative causes. Multidisciplinary approaches can assist in reaching a definitive diagnosis, which has significant prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Arias-Peso
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 1-3 Isabel la Católica Street, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | - Silvia Méndez-Martínez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 1-3 Isabel la Católica Street, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Serafin Sánchez-Gómez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Enrique Rodríguez-de-la-Rúa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology Area, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Tamur S. Metastatic adrenal gland neuroblastoma in an infant with trisomy 18: A case report. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63572. [PMID: 38385606 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
I present a patient with trisomy 18 associated with neuroblastoma. To the best of my knowledge, this is the second report of such an individual in the relevant literature. A 19-month-old girl known to have trisomy 18 presented with respiratory distress secondary to pleural effusion. Work-up showed metastatic neuroblastoma to multiple sites, and the patient's clinical situation was critical. The physician-parent's decision was not to proceed with treatment of the malignancy. Based on this report, I recommend that physicians remain vigilant and have a high level of suspicion about the potential association between neuroblastoma and trisomy 18. Accordingly, it may be necessary to consider performing serial abdominal ultrasounds and biochemical tests to screen children with trisomy 18 who survive beyond infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Tamur
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Rohrlach AB, Rivollat M, de-Miguel-Ibáñez P, Moilanen U, Liira AM, Teixeira JC, Roca-Rada X, Armendáriz-Martija J, Boyadzhiev K, Boyadzhiev Y, Llamas B, Tiliakou A, Mötsch A, Tuke J, Prevedorou EA, Polychronakou-Sgouritsa N, Buikstra J, Onkamo P, Stockhammer PW, Heyne HO, Lemke JR, Risch R, Schiffels S, Krause J, Haak W, Prüfer K. Cases of trisomy 21 and trisomy 18 among historic and prehistoric individuals discovered from ancient DNA. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1294. [PMID: 38378781 PMCID: PMC10879165 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidies, and in particular, trisomies represent the most common genetic aberrations observed in human genetics today. To explore the presence of trisomies in historic and prehistoric populations we screen nearly 10,000 ancient human individuals for the presence of three copies of any of the target autosomes. We find clear genetic evidence for six cases of trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) and one case of trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome), and all cases are present in infant or perinatal burials. We perform comparative osteological examinations of the skeletal remains and find overlapping skeletal markers, many of which are consistent with these syndromes. Interestingly, three cases of trisomy 21, and the case of trisomy 18 were detected in two contemporaneous sites in early Iron Age Spain (800-400 BCE), potentially suggesting a higher frequency of burials of trisomy carriers in those societies. Notably, the care with which the burials were conducted, and the items found with these individuals indicate that ancient societies likely acknowledged these individuals with trisomy 18 and 21 as members of their communities, from the perspective of burial practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Benjamin Rohrlach
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
- School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Maïté Rivollat
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- ArcheOs lab, Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 35, 9000, Gent, Belgium
- Archaeo-DNA lab, Department of Archaeology, Durham University, Lower Mount Joy, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
- De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel, Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie - UMR 5199, Bordeaux University, Bât. B8, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS50023, 33615, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Patxuka de-Miguel-Ibáñez
- Department of Prehistory, Archaeology, Ancient History and Greek and Latin Philology, INAPH, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
- Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, Donosti, Spain
- Hospital Verge dels Lliris, Alcoi, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ulla Moilanen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne-Mari Liira
- Department of Archaeology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - João C Teixeira
- Evolution of Cultural Diversity Initiative, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- CEIS.20 Centro de Estudos Interdisciplinares, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Xavier Roca-Rada
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Kamen Boyadzhiev
- National Archaeological Institute with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Saborna str. 2, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yavor Boyadzhiev
- National Archaeological Institute with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Saborna str. 2, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bastien Llamas
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- National Centre for Indigenous Genomics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Indigenous Genomics Research Group, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anthi Tiliakou
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angela Mötsch
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck-Harvard Research Center for the Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean (MHAAM), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jonathan Tuke
- School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | | | - Jane Buikstra
- Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Päivi Onkamo
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Philipp W Stockhammer
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck-Harvard Research Center for the Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean (MHAAM), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology and Archaeology of the Roman Provinces, Ludwig Maximilian University, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, München, Germany
| | - Henrike O Heyne
- Hasso-Plattner-Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roberto Risch
- Departament de Prehistòria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Stephan Schiffels
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Krause
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kay Prüfer
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
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10
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Marathu KK, Vahedifard F, Kocak M, Liu X, Adepoju JO, Bowker RM, Supanich M, Cosme-Cruz RM, Byrd S. Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:430. [PMID: 38396468 PMCID: PMC10887608 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14040430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) are midline developmental brain malformations and are usually associated with a wide spectrum of other neurological and non-neurological abnormalities. The study aims to highlight the diagnostic role of fetal MRI to characterize heterogeneous corpus callosal abnormalities using the latest classification system. It also helps to identify associated anomalies, which have prognostic implications for the postnatal outcome. METHODS In this study, retrospective data from antenatal women who underwent fetal MRI between January 2014 and July 2023 at Rush University Medical Center were evaluated for CCA and classified based on structural morphology. Patients were further assessed for associated neurological and non-neurological anomalies. RESULTS The most frequent class of CCA was complete agenesis (79.1%), followed by hypoplasia (12.5%), dysplasia (4.2%), and hypoplasia with dysplasia (4.2%). Among them, 17% had isolated CCA, while the majority (83%) had complex forms of CCA associated with other CNS and non-CNS anomalies. Out of the complex CCA cases, 58% were associated with other CNS anomalies, while 8% were associated with non-CNS anomalies. 17% of cases had both. CONCLUSION The use of fetal MRI is valuable in the classification of abnormalities of the corpus callosum after the confirmation of a suspected diagnosis on prenatal ultrasound. This technique is an invaluable method for distinguishing between isolated and complex forms of CCA, especially in cases of apparent isolated CCA. The use of diffusion-weighted imaging or diffusion tensor imaging in fetal neuroimaging is expected to provide further insights into white matter abnormalities in fetuses diagnosed with CCA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranthi K. Marathu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (F.V.); (M.K.); (X.L.); (J.O.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Farzan Vahedifard
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (F.V.); (M.K.); (X.L.); (J.O.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (F.V.); (M.K.); (X.L.); (J.O.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Xuchu Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (F.V.); (M.K.); (X.L.); (J.O.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Jubril O. Adepoju
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (F.V.); (M.K.); (X.L.); (J.O.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Rakhee M. Bowker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Mark Supanich
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division for Diagnostic Medical Physics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Rosario M. Cosme-Cruz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Sharon Byrd
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (F.V.); (M.K.); (X.L.); (J.O.A.); (S.B.)
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11
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Mehl JM, Gelfond J, Carey JC, Cody JD. Causes of death in individuals with trisomy 18 after the first year of life. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:279-287. [PMID: 37822198 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Mortality in individuals with trisomy 18 has significantly decreased over the past 20 years, but there is scant literature addressing the prognosis and cause of death in individuals with trisomy 18 and survival past the first year of life (YOL). This study analyzed factors associated with mortality and cause of death in a retrospective cohort of 174 individuals with trisomy 18 and survival past the first YOL, the largest such series to date. Data were collected via retrospective survey of parents of affected individuals. Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 18; postnatal respiratory distress; maternal age > 35 years; birthweight <2000 g; brain and spinal cord defect(s); atrial and/or ventricular septal defect(s); inability to feed orally without medical assistance; and failure to meet sitting and rolling milestones were associated with mortality in this sample. Cause of death was compared between our cohort of individuals with trisomy 18 and existing literature on those with mortality before the first YOL. Individuals with trisomy 18 with mortality after the first YOL demonstrated a predominance of infectious (n = 10/22) and postoperative (n = 6/22) contributing causes of death, in contrast to the existing literature, which shows a predominance of cardiopulmonary causes of death (e.g., cardiopulmonary arrest, pulmonary hypertension). These findings demonstrate that individuals with trisomy 18 and survival past the first YOL have unique medical needs, but further research is needed to develop clinical guidelines for this growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Mehl
- University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan Gelfond
- University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - John C Carey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jannine D Cody
- University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- The Chromosome 18 Registry and Research Society, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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12
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Mansour M, AlZoubi A, Zoukar S, Aljammal G, Makki R, Khaled NAH, Aletesh Y, Aljundi R, Mohammad Deeb A, Ajlouni MO. Double aneuploidy in a 2-month-old male with Edward syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome: a case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:489-496. [PMID: 38222680 PMCID: PMC10783209 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Edward syndrome is a severe chromosomal defect that occurs as a result of non-disjunction through meiosis. It presents with cardiac septal defects, horseshoe kidneys, patent ductus arteriosus, central nervous system dysgenesis, distinctive craniofacial deformities, and overriding or overlapping fingers. Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY) is found in 1 in 660 newborn males. It is considered to be one of the most common genetic causes of infertility. It manifests with small firm testes, androgen insufficiency, and azoospermia. Case presentation A 2-month-old male infant with a history of weakness in feeding, frequent convulsions, and an increase in cyanosis two days ago. There were multiple skeletal deformities and a tendency to spasm in the extremities, left ventricular atrophy, mitral atresia, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect with dilated right cavities, tricuspid valve regurgitation, pulmonary valve stenosis; and the aorta exits in the right ventricle. There is a widening of the subdural space, which was observed in the left frontal-parietal side with cortical atrophy in that area and a widening of the Sylvian fissure. A karyotype test confirmed the presence of Edward and Klinefelter syndromes. Clinical discussion Aneuploidy is a chromosomal issue characterized by an abnormal number of a chromosome copies. The coexistence of two aneuploidies is called "double aneuploidy" which is a rare occurrence. Herein, we report a case of a 2-month-old male with Edward syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome. Conclusion This publication aims to highlight the challenges in diagnosing and treating a complicated genetic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah Mansour
- Faculty of Medicine, Tartous University, Tartous
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ahmed AlZoubi
- Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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13
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Shravya MS, Girisha KM, Nayak SS. Comprehensive phenotyping of fetuses with trisomy 18: a perinatal center experience. Clin Dysmorphol 2024; 33:16-26. [PMID: 38038141 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Trisomy 18 is the second most common aneuploidy after trisomy 21. It presents with varying degrees of heterogeneous clinical phenotypes involving multiple organ systems, with a high mortality rate. Clinical assessment of fetal trisomy 18 is always challenging. In this study, we describe the phenotypes of the fetuses with trisomy 18 from a perinatal cohort. We reviewed fetuses with trisomy 18 in referrals for perinatal autopsy over the period of 15 years. A detailed phenotyping of the fetuses with trisomy 18 was executed by perinatal autopsy. Appropriate fetal tissues were obtained to perform genomic testing. We observed trisomy 18 in 16 fetuses (2%) in our cohort of 784 fetal/neonatal losses and a perinatal autopsy was performed on all of them. Abnormal facial profile was the most frequent anomaly (10/16, 62%) followed by anomalies of the extremities (9/16, 56%), and cardiac defects (6/16, 37%). We also observed esophageal atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, and neural tube defect. The study represents one of the largest cohorts of trisomy 18 from a perinatal center from a developing country and highlights the clinical heterogeneity attributed to trisomy 18. We also report a recurrence of trisomy 18 in a family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangalore S Shravya
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Shalini S Nayak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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14
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Kommareddy A, Vagha JD, Vagha K, Taksande A, Javvaji CK. A Rare Presentation of Edwards Syndrome in a Three-Month-Old Infant: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e53105. [PMID: 38414674 PMCID: PMC10898612 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Edwards syndrome, also known as trisomy 18, is a rare chromosomal disorder associated with multiple congenital anomalies and high morbidity. This report presents the case of a three-month-old female infant diagnosed with Edwards syndrome, presenting classic phenotypic features, including low-set ears, micrognathia, and a rocker bottom foot. The infant's condition was further complicated by cardiac abnormalities and respiratory distress, necessitating a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach involving pediatricians, cardiologists, and orthopedic specialists. The diagnostic journey involved addressing challenges related to respiratory distress syndrome, bronchiolitis, and cardiac complications. The management approach underscored the significance of individualized care tailored to the patient's unique needs. Genetic counseling played a pivotal role in providing essential support to the family facing the complexities associated with Edwards syndrome. This case report highlights the intricacies of Edwards syndrome and contributes to the ongoing discourse on refining clinical strategies for enhanced care and compassionate support. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for further research to advance our understanding of this condition and guide future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Kommareddy
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Jayant D Vagha
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Keta Vagha
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Amar Taksande
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Chaitanya Kumar Javvaji
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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15
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Tamaki S, Iwatani S, Katsunuma S, Otsu M, Yoshimoto S. Characteristics of hearing impairment in patients with trisomy 18. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:107-110. [PMID: 37496401 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Tamaki
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sota Iwatani
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sayaka Katsunuma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masahide Otsu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Seiji Yoshimoto
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital Perinatal Center, Kobe, Japan
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16
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Garg A, Wu TC. A Long-Term Survivor of Trisomy 18. Cureus 2024; 16:e51491. [PMID: 38304646 PMCID: PMC10831136 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 18 is known for its severe prognosis, with most affected infants not surviving beyond a week, but this report sheds light on a remarkable case of a two-and-a-half-year-old girl born with Trisomy 18 who has thrived due to specialized medical care. Despite a complex medical profile, including congenital heart defects and hepatoblastoma, this patient underwent successful treatments, including multiple surgeries and chemotherapy. This case report showcases how modern medical advancements and multidisciplinary care can defy the historically grim prognosis associated with Trisomy 18, providing hope for improved outcomes and a better quality of life (QOL) for affected individuals and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trudy C Wu
- Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
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17
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Koul AM, Ahmad F, Bhat A, Aein QU, Ahmad A, Reshi AA, Kaul RUR. Unraveling Down Syndrome: From Genetic Anomaly to Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Diagnosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3284. [PMID: 38137507 PMCID: PMC10741860 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome arises from chromosomal non-disjunction during gametogenesis, resulting in an additional chromosome. This anomaly presents with intellectual impairment, growth limitations, and distinct facial features. Positive correlation exists between maternal age, particularly in advanced cases, and the global annual incidence is over 200,000 cases. Early interventions, including first and second-trimester screenings, have improved DS diagnosis and care. The manifestations of Down syndrome result from complex interactions between genetic factors linked to various health concerns. To explore recent advancements in Down syndrome research, we focus on the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies for improved diagnosis and management. Recent developments leverage AI and ML algorithms to detect subtle Down syndrome indicators across various data sources, including biological markers, facial traits, and medical images. These technologies offer potential enhancements in accuracy, particularly in cases complicated by cognitive impairments. Integration of AI and ML in Down syndrome diagnosis signifies a significant advancement in medical science. These tools hold promise for early detection, personalized treatment, and a deeper comprehension of the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of neurodevelopmental and cognitive profiles, comorbidities, diagnosis, and management within the Down syndrome context. The utilization of AI and ML represents a transformative step toward enhancing early identification and tailored interventions for individuals with Down syndrome, ultimately improving their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid Mustafa Koul
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Faisel Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Srinagar 190004, India
| | - Abida Bhat
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar 190011, India
| | - Qurat-ul Aein
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India;
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aijaz Ahmad Reshi
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rauf-ur-Rashid Kaul
- Department of Community Medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar 190006, India
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18
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Koshida S, Takahashi K. Significant improvement in survival outcomes of trisomy 18 with neonatal intensive care compared to non-intensive care: a single-center study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16537. [PMID: 38047023 PMCID: PMC10693230 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trisomy 18 syndrome, also known as Edwards syndrome, is a chromosomal trisomy. The syndrome has historically been considered lethal owing to its poor prognosis, and palliative care was primarily indicated for trisomy 18 neonates. Although there have been several reports on the improvement of survival outcomes in infants with trisomy 18 syndrome through neonatal intensive care, few studies have compared the impact of neonatal intensive care on survival outcomes with that of non-intensive care. Therefore, we compared the survival-related outcomes of neonates with trisomy 18 between intensive and non-intensive care. Methods Seventeen infants of trisomy 18 admitted to our center between 2007 and 2019 were retrospectively studied. We divided the patients into a non-intensive group (n = 5) and an intensive group (n = 12) and evaluated their perinatal background and survival-related outcomes of the two groups. Results The 1- and 3-year survival rates were both 33% in the intensive group, which was significantly higher than that in the non-intensive group (p < 0.001). Half of the infants in the intensive care group were discharged alive, whereas in the non-intensive care group, all died during hospitalization (p = 0.049). Conclusions Neonatal intensive care for neonates with 18 trisomy significantly improved not only survival rates but also survival-discharge rates. Our findings would be helpful in providing 18 trisomy neonates with standard neonatal intensive care when discussing medical care with their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Koshida
- Perinatal Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takahashi
- Perinatal Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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19
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Dong Y, Cekuolis A, Schreiber-Dietrich D, Augustiniene R, Schwarz S, Möller K, Nourkami-Tutdibi N, Chen S, Cao JY, Huang YL, Wang Y, Taut H, Grevelding L, Dietrich CF. Review on Pediatric Malignant Focal Liver Lesions with Imaging Evaluation: Part I. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3568. [PMID: 38066809 PMCID: PMC10706220 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13233568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant focal liver lesions (FLLs) are commonly reported in adults but rarely seen in the pediatric population. Due to the rarity, the understanding of these diseases is still very limited. In children, most malignant FLLs are congenital. It is very important to choose appropriate imaging examination concerning various factors. This paper will outline common pediatric malignant FLLs, including hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma and discuss them against the background of the latest knowledge on comparable/similar tumors in adults. Medical imaging features are of vital importance for the non-invasive diagnosis and follow-up of treatment of FLLs in pediatric patients. The use of CEUS in pediatric patients for characterizing those FLLs that remain indeterminate on conventional B mode ultrasounds may be an effective option in the future and has great potential to be integrated into imaging algorithms without the risk of exposure to ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.D.); (S.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Andrius Cekuolis
- Ultrasound Section, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Centre, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.C.); (R.A.)
| | | | - Rasa Augustiniene
- Ultrasound Section, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Centre, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Simone Schwarz
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Sana Kliniken Duisburg GmbH, 47055 Duisburg, Germany;
| | - Kathleen Möller
- Medical Department I/Gastroenterology, SANA Hospital Lichtenberg, 10365 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Nasenien Nourkami-Tutdibi
- Saarland University Medical Center, Hospital of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.D.); (S.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jia-Ying Cao
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.D.); (S.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yun-Lin Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.D.); (S.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.D.); (S.C.); (J.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Heike Taut
- Children’s Hospital, Universitätsklinikum Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Lara Grevelding
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph F. Dietrich
- Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin (DAIM), Kliniken Hirslanden Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
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20
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Wongkrajang P, Jittikoon J, Udomsinprasert W, Talungchit P, Chaikledkaew U. Economic cost of patients with trisomy 13, 18, and 21 in a tertiary hospital in Thailand. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291918. [PMID: 37972090 PMCID: PMC10653468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine direct and indirect costs of patients with trisomy (T) 13, 18, and 21 in Thailand. Direct medical costs were obtained from Siriraj Informatics and Data Innovation Center (SiData+), Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, and indirect costs were estimated using a human capital approach. About 241 patients with T21 had outpatient care visits and 124 patients received inpatient care. For T13 and T18, five and seven patients were analyzed for outpatient and inpatient cares, respectively. For patients with T13, T18, and T21 receiving outpatient care, total annual mean direct medical costs ranged from 183.2 USD to 655.2 USD. For inpatient care, average yearly direct medical costs varied between 2,507 USD to 14,790 USD. The mean and median increased with age. In outpatient care, costs associated with drugs and medical devices were a major factor for both T13 and T21 patients, whereas laboratory costs were substantial for T18 patients. For inpatient care, costs of drug and medical devices were the greatest for T13 patients, while service fee and operation costs were the highest for T18 and T21 patients, respectively. For outpatient care, adult patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) had significantly higher mean annual direct medical costs than those without CHD. However, all adult and pediatric patients with CHD receiving inpatient care had significantly higher costs. Patients with T13, T18, and T21 had relative lifetime costs of 22,715 USD, 11,924 USD, and 1,022,830 USD, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preechaya Wongkrajang
- Social, Economic and Administrative Pharmacy (SEAP) Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Pattarawalai Talungchit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Usa Chaikledkaew
- Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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21
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Chen E, Hackney L, VanHeyst K, Miyasaka EA. Wilms Tumor in Child With Trisomy 18 and Horseshoe Kidney. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:e1018-e1022. [PMID: 37749779 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Trisomy 18 is associated with several congenital malformations, including horseshoe kidney. It can be full, partial, or mosaic, and mosaicism is often associated with lesser severity and longer life expectancy, placing patients at greater risk of developing neoplasms or malignancies. One common tumor among children with Trisomy 18 is Wilms tumor, which is also associated with renal congenital abnormalities such as horseshoe kidney. We present a case describing the occurrence of these three characteristics: development of Wilms tumor in a patient with Trisomy 18 and a horseshoe kidney and discuss treatment with regards to these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Hackney
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology
| | - Kristen VanHeyst
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology
| | - Eiichi A Miyasaka
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
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22
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Mizrahi M, Well A, Gottlieb EA, Stewart E, Lucke A, Fraser CD, Mery CM, Beckerman Z. Trisomy 18: disparities of care and outcomes in the State of Texas between 2009 and 2019. Cardiol Young 2023; 33:2328-2333. [PMID: 36776116 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951123000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a statewide characteristics and outcomes analysis of the Trisomy 18 (T18) population and explore the potential impact of associated congenital heart disease (CHD) and congenital heart surgery. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of the Texas Hospital Inpatient Discharge Public Use Data File between 2009 and 2019, analysing discharges of patients with T18 identified using ICD-9/10 codes. Discharges were linked to analyse patients. Demographic characteristics and available outcomes were evaluated. The population was divided into groups for comparison: patients with no documentation of CHD (T18NoCHD), patients with CHD without congenital heart surgery (T18CHD), and patients who underwent congenital heart surgery (T18CHS). RESULTS One thousand one hundred fifty-six eligible patients were identified: 443 (38%) T18NoCHD, 669 (58%) T18CHD, and 44 (4%) T18CHS. T18CHS had a lower proportion of Hispanic patients (n = 9 (20.45%)) compared to T18CHD (n = 315 (47.09%)), and T18NoCHD (n = 219 (49.44%)) (p < 0.001 for both). Patients with Medicare/Medicaid insurance had a 0.42 odds ratio (95%CI: 0.20-0.86, p = 0.020) of undergoing congenital heart surgery compared to private insurance. T18CHS had a higher median total days in-hospital (47.5 [IQR: 12.25-113.25] vs. 9 [IQR: 3-24] and 2 [IQR: 1-5], p < 0.001); and a higher median number of admissions (n = 2 [IQR: 1-4]) vs. 1 [IQR: 1-2] and 1 [IQR: 1-1], (p < 0.001 for both). However, the post-operative median number of admissions for T18CHS was 0 [IQR: 0-2]. After the first month of life, T18CHS had freedom from in-hospital mortality similar to T18NoCHD and superior to T18CHD. CONCLUSIONS Short-term outcomes for T18CHS patients are encouraging, suggesting a freedom from in-hospital mortality that resembles the T18NoCHD. The highlighted socio-economic differences between the groups warrant further investigation. Development of a prospective registry for T18 patients should be a priority for better understanding of longer-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Mizrahi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine in Chicago and UI Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Well
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Erin A Gottlieb
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Eileen Stewart
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ashley Lucke
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Charles D Fraser
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Carlos M Mery
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, UT Health Austin and Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ziv Beckerman
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Calcaterra V, Gazzarri A, De Silvestri A, Madia C, Baldassarre P, Rossi V, Garella V, Zuccotti G. Thyroid function, sensitivity to thyroid hormones, and metabolic syndrome in euthyroid children and adolescents with Down syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2319-2325. [PMID: 37040064 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with Down Syndrome (DS) showed multiple comorbidities, including thyroid disorders, obesity, and metabolic derangement. Different thyroid hormone (THs) patterns and sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices (STHI) seem to be associated with metabolic disorders. The study's aim was to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in pediatric patients affected by DS, taking into consideration the relationship between the metabolic parameters, THs and STHI. METHODS We enlisted 50 euthyroid patients with DS (9.03 ± 4.46). Clinical parameters, TSH, FT3, FT4 and the presence of MS were recorded. Indexes of peripheral sensitivity (FT3/FT4 ratio) and central sensitivity (TSH index, TSHI; TSH T4 resistance index, TT4RI; TSH T3 resistance index, TT3RI) were also detected. Thirty healthy subjects were included as a control group. RESULTS MS was detected in 12% of the subjects with DS. FT3, FT4, and TSH levels were higher in DS than in the control group (p < 0.01); higher levels of FT3/FT4 ratio, TSHI and TT3RI and lower TT4RI values (p < 0.01) were also detected. A significant correlation was detected between FT3 and fasting blood glucose (FBG) (R = 0.46), triglyceride (TG) (r = 0.37), total (r = 0.55) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (r = - 0.38), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = - 0.4); FT3/FT4 ratio and waist circumference (WC) (r = 0.36); TSHI and total (r = 0.30) and HDL cholesterol (r = - 0.31); TT4RI and HDL cholesterol (r = - 0.31); TT3RI and total (r = 0.39) and HDL cholesterol (r = - 032). CONCLUSION We confirmed a higher MS prevalence in children with DS compared to the control group. A significant association between THs, STHI, and the glucose and lipid metabolism parameters was detected supporting their role in metabolic alterations related to the DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
- Pediatric Department, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, 20154, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Gazzarri
- Associazione Vivi Down Onlus, 20158, Milan, Italy
| | - A De Silvestri
- Biometry & Clinical Epidemiology, Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Madia
- Associazione Vivi Down Onlus, 20158, Milan, Italy
| | - P Baldassarre
- Pediatric Department, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, 20154, Milan, Italy
| | - V Rossi
- Pediatric Department, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, 20154, Milan, Italy
| | - V Garella
- Pediatric Department, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, 20154, Milan, Italy
| | - G Zuccotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science "L. Sacco", University of Milan, 20157, Milan, Italy
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Humphries A, Speroni S, Eden K, Nolan M, Gilbert C, McNamara J. Horseshoe kidney: Morphologic features, embryologic and genetic etiologies, and surgical implications. Clin Anat 2023; 36:1081-1088. [PMID: 36708162 DOI: 10.1002/ca.24018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the most common congenital abnormality of the upper urinary tract with an incidence of approximately 1 in 500 in the general population. Although individuals with HSK are often asymptomatic, they are at increased risk for neoplasms, infections, ureteropelvic obstruction secondary to lithiasis or vascular compression. Direct injury from trauma is increased in these individuals as is the risk of intraoperative complications secondary to damage involving the typically complex renal or adrenal vascular supply. We briefly review etiological factors including renal and urinary system embryology, genetic mutations, abnormalities related to faulty cell signaling, aberrant cell migration, and other possible causes including environmental exposures and trauma. In addition, we call attention to factors that might influence the success of surgical procedures in patients with HSK. We argue that an understanding of possible etiologies of the HSK and its different subtypes may be useful when planning surgical procedures or considering risk-benefit ratios associated with different surgical options. We briefly present the organization of a HSK in a 100-year-old male demonstrating an unusual vascular supply discovered during a dissection laboratory session in a medical school anatomy course. We describe the structure of the HSK, the position and relationships of the HSK to other structures within the abdomen, and the associated vascular relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Humphries
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Samantha Speroni
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Kristin Eden
- Department of Basic Sciences Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Nolan
- Department of Basic Sciences Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Carol Gilbert
- Department of Basic Sciences Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - John McNamara
- Department of Basic Sciences Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
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Maugeri O, Di Grazia E, D'Arrigo L, Agliozzo R, Calvano G, Trovato F, Di Gaetano C, Trefiletti G, Privitera S, Russo GI, Cimino S. Supine mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in horseshoe kidney. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2023; 95:11605. [PMID: 37791551 DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2023.11605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in Horseshoe kidneys (HSK) is usually performed in the prone position, allowing entry through the upper pole and providing good access to the collecting system. However, in patients with normal kidney anatomy, the supine position is reliable and safe in most cases, but it is unknown whether the supine position is adequate in patients with HSK. The purpose of this study was to describe the results of PCNL in HSK in three different surgical institutions and to evaluate the impact of supine position during surgery, comparing pre-operative and post-operative data, complications, and stone status after surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between 2017 and 2022, a total of 10 patients underwent percutaneous renal surgery for stone disease in HSK. All patients were evaluated pre- and post- operatively with non-contrast CT. we evaluated patients (age and gender), stones characteristics (size, number, side, site and density ), and outcomes. The change in haemoglobin, hematocrit, creatinine and eGFr were assessed between the most recent preoperative period and the first postoperative day. Procedure success was defined as stone-free or presence of ≤4 mm fragments (Clinically Insignificant residual Fragments - CIrF). Complications were registered and classified according to Clavien-dindo Grading System, during the 30 - day postoperative period and Clavien scores ≥ 3 were considered as major complications. Statistical analysis was performed using "r 4.2.1" software, with a 5% significance level. we also compared pre-operative and post-operative data using "wilcoxon signedrank test". RESULTS No statistical difference was observed between preoperative and post-operative renal function data. At one post operative day CT scan, an overall success rate of 100% was registered. 9/10 patients were completely free from urolithiasis (stone-free rate: 90%), while 1/10 patients had ≤4 mm residual stone fragments (CIrF rate: 10%). No cases of intraoperative complications were registered. Post-operative complications were reported in 1/10 patients. A patient developed urosepsis (defined as SIrS with clinical signs of bacterial infections involving urogenital organs - Clavien-dindo Grade II) after procedure, and was treated with intravenous antibiotic therapy successfully. Conclusions: This study shows that in patients with HSK mini- PCNL in supine position allows to achieve good stone free rate with a very low morbidity. According to our series, the described technique for PCNL in HSK should be an option. Nevertheless these results must be confirmed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orazio Maugeri
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, University of Catania.
| | - Eugenio Di Grazia
- Endourology Unit, Casa di Cura Villa Azzurra, Siracusa; Endourology Unit, Casa di Cura Mater Dei, Catania.
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Rittler M, Campaña H, Heisecke S, Ratowiecki J, Elias D, Gimenez L, Poletta FA, Gili J, Pawluk M, Santos MR, Uranga R, Cosentino V, Camelo JL. Lethality of Birth Defects in Live Born Infants Categorized by Gestational Age and Birth Weight. Am J Perinatol 2023; 40:1406-1412. [PMID: 34634830 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe lethality of birth defects (BDs) in newborns categorized by gestational age and birth weight and to identify BDs associated with prematurity. STUDY DESIGN Live born infants (n = 16,452) with isolated BDs classified by severity, and 42,511 healthy controls were assigned to categories: adequate growth, preterm, or small for gestational age (SGA). Proportion of cases and BDs' lethality rates were obtained by category and compared with controls. RESULTS Overall fewer malformed than nonmalformed infants were of adequate growth, while the opposite occurred in the preterm and SGA categories where gastroschisis and esophageal atresia were among the most outstanding defects. For most severe BDs, the early neonatal death rate was higher than control values in all categories; for mild defects, except cleft lip in the preterm category, they did not differ. Diaphragmatic hernia showed the highest lethality values, while those of spina bifida were among the lowest. Talipes, hypospadias, and septal heart defects were mild defects significantly associated with prematurity. CONCLUSION Although reasons, such as induced preterm delivery of fetuses with certain anomalies, could partially account for their high prematurity rates, susceptibility to preterm birth might exist through underlying mechanisms related with the defects. The identification of BDs associated with prematurity should serve to improve measures that prevent preterm birth especially of fetuses at risk. KEY POINTS · Some BDs predispose to prematurity.. · Prematurity is an additional risk factor for mortality in infants with mild defects.. · Lethality values should be adjusted by gestational age and birth weight..
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rittler
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Sección Genética Médica, Dpto. Neonatología, Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hebe Campaña
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Heisecke
- Dirección de Investigación, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julia Ratowiecki
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dario Elias
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas Gimenez
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), CEMIC-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando A Poletta
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), CEMIC-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Gili
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), CEMIC-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariela Pawluk
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Rita Santos
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rocio Uranga
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consultorios externos, Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial y Odontología, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana Cosentino
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Luisa C. de Gandulfo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Lopez Camelo
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Genética, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC), Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CEMIC-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional (INAGEMP), CEMIC-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Akimaru S, Nakanishi T, Hasegawa T, Sobue K. Anesthetic Management of Inguinal Hernia Surgery Using a Second-Generation Supraglottic Airway in a Patient With Trisomy 18: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e45337. [PMID: 37849572 PMCID: PMC10577606 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with trisomy 18 have abnormal airway anatomy, making their airway management challenging. Only a few papers have comprehensively described and discussed the use of supraglottic airway devices in patients with trisomy 18. We present a case of a 20-month-old boy with trisomy 18 who was scheduled for open repair of the right inguinal hernia. He had micrognathia, a short neck, and an atrial septal defect but was in a clinically stable condition. A supraglottic airway device was inserted under general anesthesia. The patient's respiration was maintained by pressure support ventilation with spontaneous breathing. A right ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block was performed for perioperative analgesia. The surgery ended without complications. After removing the supraglottic airway device and ensuring proper respiratory parameters, the patient was transferred to the post-anesthesia care unit. In our case, supraglottic airway devices could be effectively used as a primary airway for inguinal hernia repair. The concomitant ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block was helpful for anesthetic management with spontaneous breathing maintained using pressure support ventilation. A supraglottic airway device may be a potential alternative as a primary airway for superficial surgery in pediatric patients with trisomy 18. For pediatric patients with difficult airways, a second-generation supraglottic airway device with the insertion of a gastric tube to prevent gastric insufflation combining pressure support ventilation and positive end-expiratory pressure may be a beneficial choice for the maintenance of spontaneous breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Akimaru
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, JPN
| | - Toshiyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, JPN
| | - Tatsuya Hasegawa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, JPN
| | - Kazuya Sobue
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, JPN
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Jdaini A, El Moudane A, El Farhaoui H, Kouiss Y, El Alaoui A, Barki A. Acute pyelonephritis revealing an exceptional form of horseshoe kidney: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 109:108607. [PMID: 37542882 PMCID: PMC10428105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The horseshoe kidney is a malformation of the upper urinary tract where the kidney is U-shaped. This condition results the fusion of the lower poles of the right and left kidneys on the midline. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of pyelonephritis revealing a rare form of horseshoe kidney with fusion of the lower pole of the right kidney with the upper pole of the left kidney, initially treated with urine drainage. DISCUSSION Multiple etiological conditions may contribute to the development of a horseshoe kidney, in particular: the genetic/chromosomal predisposition, intrauterine environment and structural factors affecting kidney development and migration. CONCLUSION Horseshoe kidneys reveal a veritable range of anatomical and embryological peculiarities, always suspect pyelonephritis on a horseshoe kidney in the presence of febrile abdominal pain in a patient with malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Jdaini
- Department of Urology, Mohammed VI University Medical Center, Mohammed The First University Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Anouar El Moudane
- Department of Urology, Mohammed VI University Medical Center, Mohammed The First University Oujda, Morocco
| | - Hammou El Farhaoui
- Department of Urology, Mohammed VI University Medical Center, Mohammed The First University Oujda, Morocco
| | - Youssef Kouiss
- Department of Urology, Mohammed VI University Medical Center, Mohammed The First University Oujda, Morocco
| | - Anass El Alaoui
- Department of Urology, Mohammed VI University Medical Center, Mohammed The First University Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ali Barki
- Department of Urology, Mohammed VI University Medical Center, Mohammed The First University Oujda, Morocco
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Xing Z, Li Y, Cortes-Gomez E, Jiang X, Gao S, Pao A, Shan J, Song Y, Perez A, Yu T, Highsmith MR, Boadu F, Conroy JM, Singh PK, Bakin AV, Cheng J, Duan Z, Wang J, Liu S, Tycko B, Yu YE. Dissection of a Down syndrome-associated trisomy to separate the gene dosage-dependent and -independent effects of an extra chromosome. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2205-2218. [PMID: 37014740 PMCID: PMC10281752 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As an aneuploidy, trisomy is associated with mammalian embryonic and postnatal abnormalities. Understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in mutant phenotypes is broadly important and may lead to new strategies to treat clinical manifestations in individuals with trisomies, such as trisomy 21 [Down syndrome (DS)]. Although increased gene dosage effects because of a trisomy may account for the mutant phenotypes, there is also the possibility that phenotypic consequences of a trisomy can arise because of the presence of a freely segregating extra chromosome with its own centromere, i.e. a 'free trisomy' independent of gene dosage effects. Presently, there are no reports of attempts to functionally separate these two types of effects in mammals. To fill this gap, here we describe a strategy that employed two new mouse models of DS, Ts65Dn;Df(17)2Yey/+ and Dp(16)1Yey/Df(16)8Yey. Both models carry triplications of the same 103 human chromosome 21 gene orthologs; however, only Ts65Dn;Df(17)2Yey/+ mice carry a free trisomy. Comparison of these models revealed the gene dosage-independent impacts of an extra chromosome at the phenotypic and molecular levels for the first time. They are reflected by impairments of Ts65Dn;Df(17)2Yey/+ males in T-maze tests when compared with Dp(16)1Yey/Df(16)8Yey males. Results from the transcriptomic analysis suggest the extra chromosome plays a major role in trisomy-associated expression alterations of disomic genes beyond gene dosage effects. This model system can now be used to deepen our mechanistic understanding of this common human aneuploidy and obtain new insights into the effects of free trisomies in other human diseases such as cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Xing
- The Children’s Guild Foundation Down Syndrome Research Program, Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Yichen Li
- The Children’s Guild Foundation Down Syndrome Research Program, Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Eduardo Cortes-Gomez
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoling Jiang
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Bioinformatics, OmniSeq Inc., Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Annie Pao
- The Children’s Guild Foundation Down Syndrome Research Program, Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jidong Shan
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yinghui Song
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Perez
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Tao Yu
- The Children’s Guild Foundation Down Syndrome Research Program, Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Max R Highsmith
- Department of Electric Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Frimpong Boadu
- Department of Electric Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Conroy
- Research and Development, OmniSeq Inc., Buffalo, NY, USA
- Research Support Services, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Andrei V Bakin
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jianlin Cheng
- Department of Electric Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zhijun Duan
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Tycko
- Hackensack-Meridian Health Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, NJ, USA
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Y Eugene Yu
- The Children’s Guild Foundation Down Syndrome Research Program, Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics Program, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Benson J, Stewart C, Kenna M, Shearer AE. Otolaryngologic Manifestations of Trisomy 13 and Trisomy 18 in Pediatric Patients. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:1501-1506. [PMID: 37158261 PMCID: PMC10169904 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The survival rate of patients with trisomy 13 and trisomy 18 has increased dramatically over the past two decades. We sought to comprehensively describe the otolaryngologic clinical characteristics and procedures required for these patients at our institution. METHODS We performed algorithmic identification of patients with a diagnosis of trisomy 13 and trisomy 18 for whom the otolaryngology service provided inpatient or outpatient care at our institution between the dates of February 1997 and March 2021. RESULTS Of the 47 patients studied, 18 patients had a diagnosis of trisomy 13, and 29 had a diagnosis of trisomy 18. Complete trisomy was present in 44% (8/18) of trisomy 13 patients and 55% (16/29) of trisomy 18 patients. 81% of patients were living at the time of the study. About 94% (44/47) of patients required consultation with another specialty in addition to Otolaryngology. Overall, the most common diagnoses among this cohort were gastroesophageal reflux disease (47%), dysphagia (40%), otitis media (38%), and obstructive sleep apnea (34%). Nearly three-quarters (74%) of patients studied required an otolaryngologic procedure. The most common surgical procedure was tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy. Patients with trisomy 18 were significantly more likely to have external auditory canal stenosis and obstructive sleep apnea whereas patients with trisomy 13 were more likely to have cleft lip and palate. CONCLUSIONS Patients with a diagnosis of trisomy 13 or 18 often require multidisciplinary management and the range of required care spans the breadth of otolaryngology. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 133:1501-1506, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalen Benson
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Candace Stewart
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Margaret Kenna
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - A. Eliot Shearer
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Song IG, Shin SH, Cho YM, Lim Y. Survival of children with trisomy 18 associated with the presence of congenital heart disease and intervention in the Republic of Korea. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:252. [PMID: 37210512 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trisomy 18 syndrome (T18) is the second most common autosomal trisomy and has a high risk of fetal loss and stillbirth. Aggressive surgical treatments for the respiratory, cardiac, or digestive systems of patients with T18 were previously futile, while the results of recent studies are controversial. Over the past decade, there have been approximately 300,000 to 400,000 births annually in the Republic of Korea; however, there have been no nationwide studies on T18. This nationwide retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the prevalence of T18 in Korea and its prognosis according to the presence of congenital heart disease and relevant interventions. METHODS This study utilized NHIS-registered data between 2008 and 2017. A child was defined as having T18 if the ICD-10 revision code Q91.0-3 was reported. Subgroup analysis was performed for children with congenital heart diseases, and survival rates were compared based on the history of cardiac surgical or catheter interventions. The primary outcomes in this study were the survival rate during the first hospitalization period and the 1-year survival rate. RESULTS Of the children born between 2008 and 2017, 193 were diagnosed with T18. Of these, 86 died, with a median survival of 127 days. The 1-year survival rate for children with T18 was 63.2%. The survival rate in the first admission of children with T18 who did and did not have congenital heart disease was 58.3% and 94.1%, respectively. Children with heart disease who underwent surgical or catheter intervention had a longer survival time than those who did not. CONCLUSIONS We suggest these data could be used in ante- and postnatal counseling. Ethical concerns about the prolonged survival of children with T18 remain; however, the potential benefits of interventions for congenital heart disease in this population need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Gyu Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Han Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Yoon-Min Cho
- Health Insurance Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Youna Lim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Chen CP, Wu FT, Wong CH, Chen SW, Chern SR, Pan YT, Chen WL, Wang W. Prenatal diagnosis and molecular genetic analysis of recurrent trisomy 18 of maternal origin in two consecutive pregnancies. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:444-447. [PMID: 37188451 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We present prenatal diagnosis and molecular genetic analysis of recurrent trisomy 18 of maternal origin in two consecutive pregnancies. CASE REPORT A 37-year-old, gravida 3, para 1, woman was referred for genetic counseling because of cystic hygroma on ultrasound at 12 weeks of gestation, a previous pregnancy with a fetus with trisomy 18, and an abnormal first-trimester non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) result of Z score of 9.74 (normal: -3.0-3.0) in chromosome 18 suggesting trisomy 18 during this pregnancy. The fetus died at 14 weeks of gestation, and a malformed fetus was terminated at 15 weeks of gestation. Cytogenetic analysis of the placenta revealed a karyotype of 47,XY,+18. Quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) assays on the DNA extracted from parental bloods and umbilical cord determined a maternal origin of trisomy 18. One year previously, the woman underwent amniocentesis at 17 weeks of gestation because of advanced maternal age of 36 years. Amniocentesis revealed a karyotype of 47,XX,+18. Prenatal ultrasound was unremarkable. The mother had a karyotype of 46,XX, and the father had a karyotype of 46,XY. QF-PCR assays on the DNA extracted from parental bloods and cultured amniocytes determined a maternal origin of trisomy 18. The pregnancy was subsequently terminated. CONCLUSION NIPT is useful for rapid prenatal diagnosis of recurrent trisomy 18 under such a circumstance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical and Community Health Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Fang-Tzu Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Huey Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Wen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Schu-Rern Chern
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wayseen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Bouzaglou A, Dumery G, Letourneau A, Benachi A, Vivanti AJ, Cordier AG. Management and survival of foetuses with trisomy 18 in a French retrospective cohort. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2023; 52:102565. [PMID: 36863687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2023.102565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to evaluate parents' current demands following the announcement of trisomy 18 and maternal risks. MATERIAL AND METHODS A single-centre retrospective study was performed in the Paris Saclay Foetal Medicine Department from 2018 to 2021. All patients followed up in the department who had cytogenetic confirmation of trisomy 18 were included. RESULTS 89 patients were recruited. The most common malformations at ultrasound examination were cardiac or brain abnormalities, distal arthrogryposis as well as severe intrauterine growth retardation. 29% of foetuses with trisomy 18 had more than three malformations. 77.5% of patients requested medical termination of pregnancy. Among the 19 patients who chose to continue their pregnancy, 10 (52.6%) presented with obstetrical complications, of which 7 (41.2%) experienced stillbirth; five babies were born alive with no survival at 6 months. CONCLUSION In France, in the case of foetal trisomy 18, most women request termination of pregnancy. In the post-natal period, the management of a newborn with trisomy 18 is oriented towards palliative care. The mother's risk of obstetrical complications should be part of counselling. Follow-up, support and safety should be the goal of management of these patients, regardless of the patient's choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bouzaglou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DMU Santé des Femmes et des Nouveau-nés, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Gregoire Dumery
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DMU Santé des Femmes et des Nouveau-nés, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Alexandra Letourneau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology DMU Santé des Femmes et des Nouveau-nés, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Clamart, France
| | - Alexandra Benachi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology DMU Santé des Femmes et des Nouveau-nés, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Clamart, France
| | - Alexandre J Vivanti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology DMU Santé des Femmes et des Nouveau-nés, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Clamart, France
| | - Anne-Gael Cordier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DMU Santé des Femmes et des Nouveau-nés, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DMU ORIGYNE, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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Jaspersen SL, Bruns DA, Candee MS, Battaglia A, Carey JC, Fishler KP. Seizures in trisomy 18: Prevalence, description, and treatment. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1026-1037. [PMID: 36601988 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Changes in medical intervention over the last decade have improved outcomes for individuals with trisomy 18, the second most common human aneuploidy syndrome at birth. As children with trisomy 18 live longer, a shared concern of medical experts and parents is the occurrence and treatment of seizures. Previously published surveillance guidelines for this condition have not addressed seizure management. Using parent-reported data collected as part of the Tracking Rare Incidence Syndromes project, we report on the prevalence, course, and management of seizures in individuals with trisomy 18. Twenty-eight percent (52/186) of individuals diagnosed with trisomy 18 in our retrospective cohort experienced generalized, focal, or mixed seizures at some point in their lifetime. For many individuals, seizures were effectively managed by broad-spectrum anti-seizure medications. Correlation analysis showed that focal and generalized seizures were more likely to occur in individuals who had previously experienced infantile spasms or central apnea. Electroencephalogram testing should be considered as part of a standard screening approach in individuals with trisomy 18 to enable early diagnosis and treatment of seizures. An international registry that incorporates parent-reported and clinical data for patients with trisomy 18 may facilitate ongoing research and recruitment into clinical trials for seizure management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue L Jaspersen
- Genetic Counseling Program, Department of Medical Sciences, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Deborah A Bruns
- Special Education Program, School of Education, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Meghan S Candee
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Agatino Battaglia
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - John C Carey
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kristen P Fishler
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Bai W, Klumpner T, Zhao X, Mentz G, Green G, Riegger LQ, Malviya S, Brown SES. Difficult airway management in children with trisomy 18: a retrospective single-centre study of incidence, outcomes, and complications. Br J Anaesth 2023; 130:e471-e473. [PMID: 36966022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Thomas Klumpner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Graciela Mentz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Glenn Green
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lori Q Riegger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shobha Malviya
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sydney E S Brown
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Grimaux G, Páez G. Conducta médica frente al diagnóstico prenatal de trisomía 18: ¿se aproxima un cambio de paradigma? PERSONA Y BIOÉTICA 2023. [DOI: 10.5294/pebi.2022.26.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
El objetivo del trabajo es analizar dos conductas médicas opuestas en la vida prenatal de los niños con trisomía 18: el aborto y los cuidados paliativos perinatales. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed a partir de los términos “trisomy 18”, “abortion” y “palliative care”. Actualmente, están cambiando las conductas médicas dirigidas a los niños nacidos con trisomía 18, debido a que ya no se la considera una enfermedad incompatible con la vida. Este cambio de paradigma en la conducta médica posnatal debería reflejarse en la conducta prenatal, para ofrecer a los padres alternativas distintas al aborto. Los cuidados paliativos fetales y perinatales constituyen una respuesta ética válida para el tratamiento de niños con trisomía 18.
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Stephens EH, Dearani JA, Connolly HM, Gleich SJ, Deyle DR, Johnson JN. Impact of Genetic Disorders in the Surgical Management of Congenital Heart Disease. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2023; 14:201-210. [PMID: 36866650 DOI: 10.1177/21501351221139837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The congenital heart surgeon frequently encounters patients with various genetic disorders requiring surgical intervention. Although the specifics of the genetics for these patients and their families lie in the purview of specialists in genetics, the surgeon is well-served to be familiar with aspects of specific syndromes that impact surgical management and perioperative care. This aids in counseling families in expectations for the hospital course and recovery as well as can impact intraoperative and surgical management. This review article summarizes key characteristics for the congenital heart surgeon to be familiar with for common genetic disorders as they help coordinate care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph A Dearani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, 6915Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Heidi M Connolly
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, 6915Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stephen J Gleich
- Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 6915Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David R Deyle
- Department of Clinical Genomics, 6915Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 6915Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan N Johnson
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine/Division of Pediatric Cardiology, 6915Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Dirvanskyte P, Gurram B, Bolton C, Warner N, Jones KDJ, Griffin HR, Park JY, Keller KM, Gilmour KC, Hambleton S, Muise AM, Wysocki C, Uhlig HH. Chromosomal Numerical Aberrations and Rare Copy Number Variation in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:49-60. [PMID: 35907265 PMCID: PMC9880952 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] have a complex polygenic aetiology. Rare genetic variants can cause monogenic intestinal inflammation. The impact of chromosomal aberrations and large structural abnormalities on IBD susceptibility is not clear. We aimed to comprehensively characterise the phenotype and prevalence of patients with IBD who possess rare numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search of databases PubMed and Embase; and analysed gnomAD, Clinvar, the 100 000 Genomes Project, and DECIPHER databases. Further, we analysed international paediatric IBD cohorts to investigate the role of IL2RA duplications in IBD susceptibility. RESULTS A meta-analysis suggests that monosomy X [Turner syndrome] is associated with increased expressivity of IBD that exceeds the population baseline (1.86%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48 to 2.34%) and causes a younger age of IBD onset. There is little evidence that Klinefelter syndrome, Trisomy 21, Trisomy 18, mosaic Trisomy 9 and 16, or partial trisomies contribute to IBD susceptibility. Copy number analysis studies suggest inconsistent results. Monoallelic loss of X-linked or haploinsufficient genes is associated with IBD by hemizygous or heterozygous deletions, respectively. However, haploinsufficient gene deletions are detected in healthy reference populations, suggesting that the expressivity of IBD might be overestimated. One duplication that has previously been identified as potentially contributing to IBD risk involves the IL2RA/IL15R loci. Here we provide additional evidence that a microduplication of this locus may predispose to very-early-onset IBD by identifying a second case in a distinct kindred. However, the penetrance of intestinal inflammation in this genetic aberration is low [<2.6%]. CONCLUSIONS Turner syndrome is associated with increased susceptibility to intestinal inflammation. Duplication of the IL2RA/IL15R loci may contribute to disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Dirvanskyte
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit and Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bhaskar Gurram
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX, USA
| | - Chrissy Bolton
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Paediatric Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Neil Warner
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kelsey D J Jones
- Paediatric Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen R Griffin
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Jason Y Park
- Department of Pathology and the Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development. UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Kimberly C Gilmour
- Laboratory of Immunology and Cellular Therapy, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Aleixo M Muise
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cell Biology Program, Sick Kids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Wysocki
- Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit and Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Chen Y, Ning W, Shi Y, Chen Y, Zhang W, Li L, Wang X. Maternal prenatal screening programs that predict trisomy 21, trisomy 18, and neural tube defects in offspring. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281201. [PMID: 36809370 PMCID: PMC9942960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of three different maternal screening programs (first-trimester screening [FTS], individual second-trimester screening [ISTS], and first- and second-trimester combined screening [FSTCS]) in predicting offspring with trisomy 21, trisomy 18, and neural tube defects (NTDs). METHODS A retrospective cohort involving 108,118 pregnant women who received prenatal screening tests during the first (9-13+6 weeks) and second trimester (15-20+6 weeks) in Hangzhou, China from January-December 2019, as follows: FTS, 72,096; ISTS, 36,022; and FSTCS, 67,631 gravidas. RESULT The high and intermediate risk positivity rates for trisomy 21 screening with FSTCS (2.40% and 5.57%) were lower than ISTS (9.02% and 16.14%) and FTS (2.71% and 7.19%); there were statistically significant differences in the positivity rates among the screening programs (all P < 0.05). Detection of trisomy 21 was as follows: ISTS, 68.75%; FSTCS, 63.64%; and FTS, 48.57%. Detection of trisomy 18 was as follows; FTS and FSTCS, 66.67%; and ISTS, 60.00%. There were no statistical differences in the detection rates for trisomy 21 and 18 among the 3 screening programs (all P > 0.05). The positive predictive values (PPVs) for trisomy 21 and 18 were highest with FTS, while the false positive rate (FPR) was lowest with FSTCS. CONCLUSION FSTCS was superior to FTS and ISTS screening and substantially reduced the number of high risk pregnancies for trisomy 21 and 18; however, FSTCS was not significantly different in detecting fetal trisomy 21 and 18 and other confirmed cases with chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang
- Department of the Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
- * E-mail:
| | - Wenwen Ning
- Department of the Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Yezhen Shi
- Data Analysis Department, Zhejiang Biosan Biochemical Technologies Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijie Chen
- Department of the Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Liyao Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang
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Trends in the prevalence, prenatal diagnosis, and outcomes of births with chromosomal abnormalities: a hospital-based study in Zhejiang Province, China during 2014-2020. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:446. [PMID: 36550515 PMCID: PMC9783762 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02594-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the prevalence and prenatal diagnosis rate of chromosomal abnormalities (CA) in Zhejiang Province, China. METHODS We estimated the annual changes in the detected prevalence of CA and prenatal diagnosis rate among 681,590 births in Zhejiang Province, China, between 2014 and 2020. Data were derived from the provincial birth defects surveillance system, which represents 30% of annual births in Zhejiang Province. The effect of maternal age was also evaluated. RESULTS The detected prevalence of sex chromosomal abnormalities (1.70-7.30 per 10,000 births, Ptrend < 0.001) and microdeletion and microduplication (0.30-6.81 per 10,000 births, Ptrend < 0.001) gradually increased, contributing to an upward trend in overall CA (12.09-39.22 per 10,000 births). The diagnosis rate before 22 gestational weeks constantly increased from 20.8 to 70.1% for trisomy 21 (Ptrend = 0.003). The prevalence rate ratio for maternal age of ≥ 35 years was higher than that for maternal age of 25-29 years for trisomy 21 (5.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.59-6.35) and sex chromosomal abnormalities (3.28, 95% CI 2.48-4.33). CONCLUSIONS The rising prevalence of CA in China may be attributable to the elevated maternal age and the innovation of prenatal diagnosis tools, Thus, studies should pay attention to the rare CA that were previously ignored, and select rational screening tools.
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Kósa M, Horváth E, Kalmár T, Maróti Z, Földesi I, Bereczki C. A Patient Diagnosed with Mosaic Trisomy 18 Presenting New Symptoms: Diaphragmatic Relaxation and Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome. Updated Review of Mosaic Trisomy 18 Cases. J Pediatr Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough data on T18 are widespread, there is a lack of knowledge on mosaic trisomy 18 (mT18). A current review of mT18 symptomatology, long-term follow-up, and potential health risks is lacking for health care professionals. Our paper addresses these, emphasizing the importance of regular tumor screening as a key message for mT18 patient follow-up. We also present the case of a female patient with mT18 who presented with diaphragmatic relaxation and cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS), which had previously not been reported in this genetic condition. On further investigating the etiology of CVS, we revealed a novel mitochondrial mutation in the MT-ND6 gene in heteroplasmic form. Based on the literature, we hypothesize that the mitochondrial mutation together with mT18 could result in CVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdolna Kósa
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Emese Horváth
- Department of Medical Genetics, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kalmár
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Maróti
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Földesi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bereczki
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Zhang M, Li K, Qu S, Guo Z, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhou J, Ouyang G, Weng R, Li F, Wu Y, Yang X. Integrative analyses of maternal plasma cell-free DNA nucleosome footprint differences reveal chromosomal aneuploidy fetuses gene expression profile. J Transl Med 2022; 20:536. [PMID: 36401256 PMCID: PMC9673457 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosomal aneuploidy is the most common birth defect. However, the developmental mechanism and gene expression profile of fetuses with chromosomal aneuploidy are relatively unknown, and the maternal immune changes induced by fetal aneuploidy remain unclear. The inability to obtain the placenta multiple times in real-time is a bottleneck in research on aneuploid pregnancies. Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) carries the gene expression profile information of its source cells and may be used to evaluate the development of fetuses with aneuploidy and the immune changes induced in the mother owing to fetal aneuploidy. Methods Here, we carried out whole-genome sequencing of the plasma cfDNA of 101 pregnant women carrying a fetus with trisomy (trisomy 21, n = 42; trisomy 18, n = 28; trisomy 13, n = 31) based on non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) screening and 140 normal pregnant women to identify differential genes according to the cfDNA nucleosome profile in the region around the transcription start sites (TSSs). Results The plasma cfDNA promoter profiles were found to differ between aneuploid and euploid pregnancies. A total of 158 genes with significant differences were identified, of which 43 genes were upregulated and 98 genes were downregulated. Functional enrichment and signaling pathway analysis were performed based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases found that these signal pathways were mainly related to the coordination of developmental signals during embryonic development, the control of cell growth and development, regulation of neuronal survival, and immune regulation, such as the MAPK, Hippo, TGF-β, and Rap1 signaling pathways, which play important roles in the development of embryonic tissues and organs. Furthermore, based on the results of differential gene analysis, a total of 14 immune-related genes with significant differences from the ImmPort database were collected and analyzed. These significantly different immune genes were mainly associated with the maintenance of embryonic homeostasis and normal development. Conclusions These results suggest that the distribution characteristics of cfDNA nucleosomes in maternal plasma can be used to reflect the status of fetal development and changes of the immune responses in trisomic pregnancies. Overall, our findings may provide research ideas for non-invasive detection of the physiological and pathological states of other diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03735-7.
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Nussbaumer G, Benesch M. Hepatoblastoma in molecularly defined, congenital diseases. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2527-2535. [PMID: 35478319 PMCID: PMC9545988 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis and trisomy 18 are the most common congenital conditions associated with an increased incidence of hepatoblastoma (HB). In patients with these genetic disorders, screening protocols for HB are proposed that include periodic abdominal ultrasound and measurement of alpha-fetoprotein levels. Surveillance in these children may contribute to the early detection of HB and possibly improve their chances of overall survival. Therefore, physicians must be aware of the high HB incidence in children with certain predisposing genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Nussbaumer
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Martin Benesch
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
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Huang J, Saint-Martin C, Tchakarska G, Lavoie J, Myers KA. Cerebral white matter abnormalities associated with chromosome 18q duplication. Brain Dev 2022; 44:562-566. [PMID: 35469635 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosome 18q duplications are associated with a range of phenotypes often similar to complete trisomy 18, variably including poor growth, feeding difficulties, congenital malformations and dysmorphic facial features. Although 18q duplication patients may have seizures and developmental impairment, brain MRI typically shows only variable degrees of cerebral atrophy. PATIENT We present a boy with a 52.2 Mb 18q duplication in whom brain MRI in the neonatal period showed striking white matter abnormalities, most notable in the frontal lobes. His clinical presentation was otherwise in keeping with trisomy 18, including characteristic facial features, hypotonia, cardiac malformation, rocker bottom feet, pectus excavatum, short and broad thumbs and halluces, and diabetes insipidus. CONCLUSION Since not previously reported in association with 18q duplication, the observation of cerebral white matter anomalies is particularly interesting. This radiologic pattern is a well-recognized feature of 18q deletion syndrome, hypothesized by many to occur due to haploinsufficiency of MBP, the gene encoding myelin basic protein. The mechanisms leading to the white matter anomalies in this patient remain unexplained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Huang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Saint-Martin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guergana Tchakarska
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Josée Lavoie
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kenneth A Myers
- Research Institute of the McGill University Medical Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Silberberg A, Etchegaray A, Juárez Peñalva S, Villar MJ, Musante G. Attitudes of Argentinean Neonatologists toward Resuscitation of Infants with Trisomies 21, 18, and 13: A Multicenter Survey. Am J Perinatol 2022; 39:1248-1253. [PMID: 33454946 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to explore the attitude of Argentinean neonatologists in the delivery room on resuscitating infants with trisomies. STUDY DESIGN An anonymous questionnaire was completed by neonatologists staffing level-III neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) on resuscitation of children with trisomies 21, 18, and 13. Potential sociocultural factors influencing the decision to resuscitate were included. RESULTS Overall, 314 neonatologists in 34 units in the Buenos Aires region participated (response rate of 54%). The position of neonatologists regarding the resuscitation in the delivery room was that 98% would resuscitate newborns with trisomy 21, and 47% with trisomy 18 or trisomy 13. Resuscitation of newborns with trisomy 18 or trisomy 13 by neonatologists was significantly associated with working in the public sector, religious beliefs, and legal framework. CONCLUSION With improvement in the management and treatment of infants with trisomies 18 and 13, Argentinean neonatologists showed a favorable attitude toward resuscitating them in the delivery room. KEY POINTS · We explored the attitudes of Argentinean neonatologists on resuscitation of children with trisomies.. · Half of neonatologists would resuscitate newborns with trisomies18 and 13.. · These results suggest an ongoing paradigm shift of the most severe trisomies..
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Silberberg
- Department of Bioethics, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adolfo Etchegaray
- Division of Fetal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofía Juárez Peñalva
- Division of Fetal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Division of Genetics, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo J Villar
- Institute of Translational Research, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Musante
- Division of Neonatology, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Trisomy 18-when the diagnosis is compatible with life. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:2809-2819. [PMID: 35522316 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04477-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Trisomy 18 is an autosomal chromosomal disorder characterized by the presence of an extra 18 chromosome. In the last decades, and as novel therapeutic options emerged, a paradigm shift on the treatments available to these children occurred, establishing the need to deepen the knowledge regarding the management/treatment of children diagnosed with trisomy 18. This retrospective cohort study sought to characterize the clinical path and survival of the children with the diagnosis of trisomy 18 followed in a tertiary pediatric hospital between 1995 and 2020. Medical records were reviewed, and epidemiological and clinical features and follow-up data were collected. Six patients were identified, two with mosaicism (33.3%) and four were female (66.7%). All had cardiovascular, cognitive, and physical development anomalies or minor congenital anomalies. Most presented neurological anomalies (n = 4, 66.7%) and feeding difficulties (n = 4, 66.7%). Four children (66.7%) required medical devices or equipment and all required chronic medication. Two children (33.3%) underwent surgical interventions. Four children (66.7%) were hospitalized in the last year of life. Three patients had a do not resuscitate order (50%) but only one child was referred to a pediatric palliative care team (16.7%). One-month, 1-year, and 10-year survival were 66.7% (n = 4), 33.3% (n = 2, both with mosaicism), and 16.7% (n = 1, with mosaicism) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of the multiple comorbidities and complex care needs of children with this syndrome is crucial. Every-day care and decisions about invasive treatments may raise ethical issues. Early referral to pediatric palliative care teams is essential to promote a holistic advanced care plan for both the patient and his family. WHAT IS KNOWN • The increase in survival and the high morbimortality that trisomy 18 still entails demands a careful deliberation on the use of invasive treatment. WHAT IS NEW • Recent studies show that the labels of "incompatible with life"/"lethal" are not adequate, establishing a need to change this mindset. • The development of pediatric palliative care teams in the last decade and early referral allow for an optimal individualized advanced care plan. Under-referral to pediatric palliative care teams persists and efforts must be made to increase awareness of their existence and role in patient care.
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Genetic Analysis Algorithm for the Study of Patients with Multiple Congenital Anomalies and Isolated Congenital Heart Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071172. [PMID: 35885957 PMCID: PMC9317700 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomalies (CA) affect 3–5% of newborns, representing the second-leading cause of infant mortality in Argentina. Multiple congenital anomalies (MCA) have a prevalence of 2.26/1000 births in newborns, while congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most frequent CA with a prevalence of 4.06/1000 births. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic causes in Argentinian patients with MCA and isolated CHD. We recruited 366 patients (172 with MCA and 194 with isolated CHD) born between June 2015 and August 2019 at public hospitals. DNA from peripheral blood was obtained from all patients, while karyotyping was performed in patients with MCA. Samples from patients presenting conotruncal CHD or DiGeorge phenotype (n = 137) were studied using MLPA. Ninety-three samples were studied by array-CGH and 18 by targeted or exome next-generation sequencing (NGS). A total of 240 patients were successfully studied using at least one technique. Cytogenetic abnormalities were observed in 13 patients, while 18 had clinically relevant imbalances detected by array-CGH. After MLPA, 26 patients presented 22q11 deletions or duplications and one presented a TBX1 gene deletion. Following NGS analysis, 12 patients presented pathogenic or likely pathogenic genetic variants, five of them, found in KAT6B, SHH, MYH11, MYH7 and EP300 genes, are novel. Using an algorithm that combines molecular techniques with clinical and genetic assessment, we determined the genetic contribution in 27.5% of the analyzed patients.
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Dai P, Yang Y, Zhao G, Gu Z, Ren H, Hu S, Liu N, Jiao W, Li J, Kong X. A dPCR-NIPT assay for detections of trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in a single-tube reaction-could it replace serum biochemical tests as a primary maternal plasma screening tool? J Transl Med 2022; 20:269. [PMID: 35706031 PMCID: PMC9198625 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The next generation sequencing (NGS) based non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) has outplayed the traditional serum biochemical tests (SBT) in screen of fetal aneuploidies with a high sensitivity and specificity. However, it has not been widely used as a primary screen tool due to its high cost and the cheaper SBT is still the choice for primary screen even with well-known shortages in sensitivity and specificity. Here, we report a multiplex droplet digital PCR NIPT (dPCR-NIPT) assay that can detect trisomies 21, 18 and 13 (T21, T18 and T13) in a single tube reaction with a better sensitivity and specificity than the SBT and a much cheaper price than the NGS-NIPT. Methods In this study, the dPCR-NIPT assay’s non-clinical characteristics were evaluated to verify the cell free fetal DNA (cffDNA) fraction enrichment efficiencies, the target cell free DNA (cfDNA) concentration enrichment, the analytical sensitivity, and the sample quality control on the minimum concentration of cfDNA required for the assay. We validated the clinical performance for this assay by blindly testing 283 clinical maternal plasma samples, including 36 trisomic positive samples, from high risk pregnancies to access its sensitivity and specificity. The cost effectiveness of using the dPCR-NIPT assay as the primary screen tool was also analyzed and compared to that of the existing contingent strategy (CS) using the SBT as the primary screen tool and the strategy of NGS-NIPT as the first-tier screen tool in a simulating situation. Results For the non-clinical characteristics, the sample processing reagents could enrich the cffDNA fraction by around 2 folds, and the analytical sensitivity showed that the assay was able to detect trisomies at a cffDNA fraction as low as 5% and the extracted cfDNA concentration as low as 0.2 ng/μL. By testing the 283 clinical samples, the dPCR-NIPT assay demonstrated a detection sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 95.12%. Compared to the existing CS and the NGS-NIPT as the first-tier screen strategy, dPCR-NIPT assay used as a primary screen tool followed by the NGS-NIPT rescreen is the most economical approach to screen pregnant women for fetal aneuploidies without sacrificing the positive detection rate. Conclusion This is the first report on a dPCR-NIPT assay, consisting of all the necessary reagents from sample processing to multiplex dPCR amplification, can detect T21, T18 and T13 in a single tube reaction. The study results reveal that this assay has a sensitivity and specificity superior to the SBT and a cost much lower than the NGS-NIPT. Thus, from both the test performance and the economic benefit points of views, using the dPCR-NIPT assay to replace the SBT as a primary screen tool followed by the NGS-NIPT rescreen would be a better approach than the existing CS for detection of fetal aneuploidies in maternal plasma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03455-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Dai
- The Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yanfeng Yang
- Shanghai Tage Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201201, China
| | - Ganye Zhao
- The Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gu
- Shanghai Tage Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201201, China
| | - Huanan Ren
- The Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shuang Hu
- The Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ning Liu
- The Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Weimeng Jiao
- Shanghai Tage Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201201, China
| | - Jinfang Li
- Henan Newbern Medical Technology Co. Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450053, Henan, China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- The Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Gerakova E, Genova S. A rare case report of Edwards syndrome with immature teratoma in submandibular region and literature review. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2022; 64:348-353. [DOI: 10.3897/folmed.64.e61024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 18 (Edward syndrome) was first described by Edwards et al. in 1960. The condition is the second most common autosomal trisomy syndrome in males. The prevalence in infants is estimated as 1/6000-1/8000. Those affected have a high mortality rate – only 4% may survive their first year.
The study illustrates the first reported case of Edwards syndrome with immature teratoma in submandibular region.
A 33-year-old multigravida had a normal antenatal course until 36 weeks of gestation. Two hours after delivery, the baby was transported to a neonatal ward, where several malformations were described: a tumour formation the size of a walnut in the right submandibular region, ear abnormality, micrognathia with high arched palate, overlapping fingers, and feet deformities. A genetic test was performed which confirmed trisomy 18. After 26 days of assisted ventilation and oxygen therapy, the newborn developed hyaline-membrane disease, dilatation of the pulmonary artery and the right side of the heart, thrombosis of the right atrium and these conditions were determined to be the cause of death.
The autopsy and histological examination confirmed the aforementioned malformations finding also a kidney with duplicated collecting system on the right and ectopic ureter in the left kidney. The submandibular tumour was determined to be immature teratoma.
Conclusion: This is the first presented case in the literature of a newborn with Edwards syndrome combined with immature teratoma.
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Buczyńska A, Sidorkiewicz I, Hameed A, Krętowski AJ, Zbucka-Krętowska M. Future Perspectives in Oxidative Stress in Trisomy 13 and 18 Evaluation. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071787. [PMID: 35407395 PMCID: PMC8999694 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal aneuploidies are the most frequently occurring congenital abnormalities and are related to many metabolic disorders, hormonal dysfunctions, neurotransmitter abnormalities, and intellectual disabilities. Trisomies are generated by an error of chromosomal segregation during cell division. Accumulating evidence has shown that deregulated gene expression resulting from the triplication of chromosomes 13 and 18 is associated with many disturbed cellular processes. Moreover, a disturbed oxidative stress status may be implicated in the occurrence of fetal malformations. Therefore, a literature review was undertaken to provide novel insights into the evaluation of trisomy 13 (T13) and 18 (T18) pathogeneses, with a particular concern on the oxidative stress. Corresponding to the limited literature data focused on factors leading to T13 and T18 phenotype occurrence, the importance of oxidative stress evaluation in T13 and T18 could enable the determination of subsequent disturbed metabolic pathways, highlighting the related role of mitochondrial dysfunction or epigenetics. This review illustrates up-to-date T13 and T18 research and discusses the strengths, limitations, and possible directions for future studies. The progressive unification of trisomy-related research protocols might provide potential medical targets in the future along with the implementation of the foundation of modern prenatal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Buczyńska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (I.S.); (A.H.); (A.J.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.Z.-K.); Tel.: +48-85-746-85-13 (A.B.); +48-85-746-83-36 (M.Z.-K.)
| | - Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (I.S.); (A.H.); (A.J.K.)
| | - Ahsan Hameed
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (I.S.); (A.H.); (A.J.K.)
| | - Adam Jacek Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (I.S.); (A.H.); (A.J.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Zbucka-Krętowska
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Adolescent Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.Z.-K.); Tel.: +48-85-746-85-13 (A.B.); +48-85-746-83-36 (M.Z.-K.)
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