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Ullah MI, Mikhailova MV, Alkhathami AG, Carbajal NC, Zuta MEC, Rasulova I, Najm MAA, Abosoda M, Alsalamy A, Deorari M. Molecular pathways in the development of HPV-induced oropharyngeal cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:351. [PMID: 38098017 PMCID: PMC10722793 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal cancer, a subset of head and neck cancer, is increasingly recognized as a unique clinical entity primarily influenced by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, particularly HPV-16. This review delves into the viral life cycle of HPV-16 and its interactions with host cells, with a specific focus on the crucial roles played by the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7. These oncoproteins drive cellular proliferation by targeting critical tumor suppressor proteins like p53 and Rb, resulting in uncontrolled cell growth and genomic instability. Furthermore, the significance of epigenetic modifications induced by HPV-16 and their implications is important for cancer progression. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the intricate molecular landscape of HPV-induced oropharyngeal cancer, shedding light on the development of targeted therapies and preventive strategies for this emerging global health concern. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ikram Ullah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka-72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria V Mikhailova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
| | - Ali G Alkhathami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nestor Cuba Carbajal
- Doctor en Gestión Pública y Gobernabilidad, Docente en La Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Perú.
| | | | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, 54 Mustaqillik Ave, 100007, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Department of Public Health, Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Bogishamol Street 223, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Mazin A A Najm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Munther Abosoda
- College of Pharmacy, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, the Islamic University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Pharmacy, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, 66002, Iraq
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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Eslami M, Khazeni S, Khanaghah XM, Asadi MH, Ansari MA, Garjan JH, Lotfalizadeh MH, Bayat M, Taghizadieh M, Taghavi SP, Hamblin MR, Nahand JS. MiRNA-related metastasis in oral cancer: moving and shaking. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:182. [PMID: 37635248 PMCID: PMC10463971 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Across the world, oral cancer is a prevalent tumor. Over the years, both its mortality and incidence have grown. Oral cancer metastasis is a complex process involving cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and egress from cancer tissue either by lymphatic vessels or blood vessels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential short non-coding RNAs, which can act either as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes to control cancer development. Cancer metastasis is a multi-step process, in which miRNAs can inhibit or stimulate metastasis at all stages, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion, and colonization, by targeting critical genes in these pathways. On the other hand, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), two different types of non-coding RNAs, can regulate cancer metastasis by affecting gene expression through cross-talk with miRNAs. We reviewed the scientific literature (Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed) for the period 2000-2023 to find reports concerning miRNAs and lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks, which control the spread of oral cancer cells by affecting invasion, migration, and metastasis. According to these reports, miRNAs are involved in the regulation of metastasis pathways either by directly or indirectly targeting genes associated with metastasis. Moreover, circRNAs and lncRNAs can induce or suppress oral cancer metastasis by acting as competing endogenous RNAs to inhibit the effect of miRNA suppression on specific mRNAs. Overall, non-coding RNAs (especially miRNAs) could help to create innovative therapeutic methods for the control of oral cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghdad Eslami
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Khazeni
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Xaniar Mohammadi Khanaghah
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asadi
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Amin Ansari
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Hayati Garjan
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mobina Bayat
- Department of Plant, Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Pouya Taghavi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Baddevithana AK, Jayasinghe RD, Tilakaratne WM, Illeperuma RP, Siriwardena BSMS. Expression of Human Papillomavirus and the p16 Gene in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD): a Comparative Study With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2023; 31:331-338. [PMID: 37036407 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of the tongue is increasing in the younger population without traditional risk habits that lead researchers to find other related factors such as diet and viruses, especially human papillomavirus (HPV). It is noteworthy that many OSCCs develop from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Correct diagnosis and timely management of OPMDs may help to prevent malignant transformation, and therefore it is worth seeing the involvement of HPV in OPMDs and oral cancers, as the preventive and curative measures in HPV-induced cancer types are different from the conventional types of OPMDs and OSCCs. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify a relationship between HPV and p16 in OPMDs and compare it with OSCC. METHODS This study was conducted on 83 cases of known OSCCs and OPMDs (oral submucous fibrosis, leukoplakia, and oral lichen planus). Assays, such as polymerized chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription-PCR, were carried out for HPV and p16 . The results were compared with clinical information and with the literature. The results were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 for windows. RESULTS P16 expression was mostly seen in males than in female patients. Out of 21 cases of keratosis with dysplasia, 19% expressed p16 . Of 26 oral lichen planus patients, 29% showed the p16 gene with immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, a high percentage of OSF cases expressed p16 (48.27%). Minimal expression was observed in OSCC (6.25%). HPV DNA was detected in 2.4% of the total sample. Both p16 and HPV were detected in a single case of OSCC. OPMDs expressed a significant amount of the p16 gene by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR technique when compared with malignant lesions, suggesting a possible inactivation of the p16 gene. HPV and p16 are mostly negative in our OSCC sample, exhibiting low prevalence. CONCLUSIONS OPMDs expressed a significant amount of the p16 gene when compared with malignant lesions, suggesting a possible inactivation of the p16 gene. Although OSF expressed p16 , HPV was not detected, suggesting that over-expression could be independent of HPV. OSCC shows low HPV prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruwan D Jayasinghe
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer
- Departments of Oral Medicine and Periodontology
| | - Wanninayake M Tilakaratne
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rasika P Illeperuma
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer
- Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Bogahawatte S M S Siriwardena
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer
- Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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Li Q, Miao J, Shi N, Lin C, Hu X, Shen Y. The lncRNA XIST/miR-29b-3p/COL3A1 axis regulates central carbon metabolism in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and is associated with poor tumor prognosis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:165. [PMID: 36923098 PMCID: PMC10009572 DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Recent evidence shows that COL3A1 promotes the progression of many types of cancer. The purpose of our study is to explore the correlation between COL3A1 and the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and its potential mechanism. Methods We initially screened the differentially expressed gene COL3A1 in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and the association between the expression level of COL3A1, prognosis, and the clinical parameters of HNSCC patients was verified. A nomogram was constructed according to the multivariate analysis results. Next, a heatmap of COL3A1 co-expressed genes was constructed in TCGA database. The TargetScan database is used to explore the microRNAs (miRNA) related to COL3A1. The starBase database was used to explore and predict the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that the candidate miRNAs might bind to. Finally, the potential mechanism of action was investigated using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Results COL3A1 expression is elevated in HNSCC tumor tissues, and HNSCC patients with high COL3A1 expression have worse prognostic factors. COL3A1 was positively correlated with the central carbon metabolism-related proteins: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1), hexokinase 3 (HK3), and phosphofructokinase, platelet (PFKP). The TargetScan database showed that the best candidate miRNA for binding to the three prime untranslated region (3'UTR) end of COL3A1 mRNA was hsa-miR-29b-3p, which was negatively correlated with COL3A1. The starBase database showed that the lncRNA X Inactive Specific Transcript (lncRNA XIST) was the best candidate upstream non-coding RNA for regulating hsa-miR-29b-3p. GSEA showed that COL3A1 may be involved in the poor prognosis of HNSCC by participating in carbon metabolism, glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, and the Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family (Wnt) and vascular endothelial growth factor A-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFA-VEGFR2) pathways. Conclusions Low COL3A1 expression can be employed as a new HNSCC predictive biomarker, and the prognosis of HNSCC patients with lower COL3A1 expression can be greatly improved. At the same time, we found that the lncRNA XIST/miR-29b-3p/COL3A1 axis may regulate the central carbon metabolism of HNSCC and is associated with poor prognosis. These findings point to a potential target for developing HNSCC anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Stomatology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Miao
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Neng Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine St. Luke’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaosheng Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zděblová Čermáková Z, Hurník P, Konvalinka D, Štembírek J, Paračková T, Resová K, Cvek J, Blažek T, Knybel L, Formánek M, Gachechiladze M, Joerger M, Soltermann A, Škarda J, Motyka O, Janoutová J. HPV and RAD51 as Prognostic Factors for Survival in Inoperable Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer in Patients Unfit for Chemotherapy Treated with Hyperfractionated Radiotherapy. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020361. [PMID: 36837562 PMCID: PMC9958932 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of advanced oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers is generally high. Treatment outcomes for patients, especially those unfit for comprehensive cancer treatment, are unsatisfactory. Therefore, the search for factors to predict response to treatment and increase overall survival is underway. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the presence of 32 HPV genotypes in tumor samples of 34 patients and the effect of HPV status and RAD51 on overall survival. METHOD Tumor samples of 34 patients with locally advanced oropharyngeal or oral cavity cancer treated with accelerated radiotherapy in monotherapy were analyzed using reverse hybridization and immunohistochemistry for the presence of HPV and RAD51. Its effect on overall survival was examined. RESULTS Only two types of HPV were identified-HPV 16 (dominant) and HPV 66 (two samples). The HPV positivity was associated with a borderline insignificant improvement in 2-year (p = 0.083), 5-year (p = 0.159), and overall survival (p = 0.083). Similarly, the RAD51 overexpression was associated with borderline insignificant improvement in 2-year (p = 0.083) and 5-year (p = 0.159) survival. CONCLUSION We found no statistically significant differences but detected trends toward improvement in the survival of HPV-positive and RAD51 overexpressing patients unfit for surgical treatment or chemotherapy treated with hyperfractionated radiotherapy. The trends, however, indicate that in a larger group of patients, the effects of these two parameters would likely be statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Zděblová Čermáková
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hurník
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Medical Gentics, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Jan Štembírek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Paračková
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Resová
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Cvek
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Blažek
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Knybel
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Formánek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Mariam Gachechiladze
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Joerger
- Department of Medical Hematology and Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Alex Soltermann
- Facharzt Foederatio Medicorum Helveticorum (FMH) Pathologie, Pathologie Längasse, 3063 Ittingen, Switzerland
| | - Jozef Škarda
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Medical Gentics, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Motyka
- Faculty of Mining and Geology, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Nanotechnology Centre, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Janoutová
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Gene Expression and DNA Methylation in Human Papillomavirus Positive and Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810967. [PMID: 36142875 PMCID: PMC9504918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are important agents, responsible for a large percentage of the 745,000 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), which were identified worldwide in 2020. In addition to being virally induced, tobacco and heavy alcohol consumption are believed to cause DNA damage contributing to the high number of HNSCC cases. Gene expression and DNA methylation differ between HNSCC based on HPV status. We used publicly available gene expression and DNA methylation profiles from the Cancer Genome Atlas and compared HPV positive and HPV negative HNSCC groups. We used differential gene expression analysis, differential methylation analysis, and a combination of these two analyses to identify the differences. Differential expression analysis identified 1854 differentially expressed genes, including PCNA, TNFRSF14, TRAF1, TRAF2, BCL2, and BIRC3. SYCP2 was identified as one of the top deregulated genes in the differential methylation analysis and in the combined differential expression and methylation analyses. Additionally, pathway and ontology analyses identified the extracellular matrix and receptor interaction pathway as the most altered between HPV negative and HPV positive HNSCC groups. Combining gene expression and DNA methylation can help in elucidating the genes involved in HPV positive HNSCC tumorigenesis, such as SYCP2 and TAF7L.
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Association between human papillomavirus infection and malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103614. [PMID: 36113312 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although sinonasal inverted papilloma malignant transformation has not been entirely understood, some studies have suggested that human papillomavirus acts as a potential oncogenic agent in the progression of sinonasal inverted papilloma to squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between human papillomavirus infection and sinonasal inverted papilloma transformation, taking also into account human papillomavirus types and their distribution in different geographic areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature from the last 25 years was examined. The systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS A total of 163 malignant sinonasal inverted papilloma and 961 non-malignant sinonasal inverted papilloma were included in the overall analysis. From this sample it was possible to recognize a statistically significant increase in risk of malignancy of sinonasal inverted papilloma for human papillomavirus infection (OR = 2.43, 95 % CI: 1.45-4.08, I2 = 14.0 %). A positive association for patients with high-risk human papillomavirus types was noted (OR = 10.20, 95 % CI: 3.66-28.42, I2 = 15.9 %). In all the 3 geographical areas analyzed the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus significantly increased the probability of malignant transformation. CONCLUSIONS High-risk human papillomavirus infection plays a key role in the malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma and its research during histological examination can be of paramount importance. More prospective studies are needed to help further tease out this association.
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Pei M, Han D, Kim KY, Kim DW, Nam W, Kim HJ, Cho ES, Kim HS, Cha IH, Zhang X. Risk Factors of Microscopically Tumor-Free Surgical Margins for Recurrence and Survival of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:930988. [PMID: 35875099 PMCID: PMC9300840 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.930988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The concept of adequate surgical margins remains controversial in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) surgery. This study aimed to identify surgical margin-related indicators that might impact recurrence and survival of OSCC patients. Materials and Methods Histopathological examination was performed using hematoxylin-eosin-stained surgical margin tissue sections in 235 OSCC patients. Axin2 and Snail expression at the surgical margin was detected by immunohistochemistry. The impact of the Axin2-Snail cascade on tumorigenesis of the immortalized human oral keratinocyte (IHOK) line was investigated in vivo. Results The width and dysplasia of surgical margins were not significantly associated with the outcome of OSCC patients. In a multivariate analysis using variable clinicopathologic factors and with Axin2 and Snail expression as cofactors, higher age (hazard ratio [HR]:1.050; P=0.047), Axin2 (HR:6.883; P=0.014), and Snail abundance (HR:5.663; P=0.009) had independent impacts on worsened overall survival. Similarly, lesion site in retromolar trigone (HR:4.077; P=0.010), upper (HR:4.332; P=0.005) and lower gingiva (HR:3.545; P=0.012), presence of extranodal extension (HR:9.967; P<0.001), perineural invasion (HR:3.627; P=0.024), and Snail abundance (HR:3.587; P<0.001) had independent impacts on worsened recurrence-free survival. Furthermore, Axin2 knockdown induced decreased Snail expression and attenuated tumorigenesis in the IHOK line. Conclusion Histopathological examination of surgical margins may not be reliable to predict OSCC patient outcome. Molecular analysis may provide a more accurate risk assessment of surgical margins in OSCC. In particular, Axin2 and Snail are potential predictive biomarkers for the risk assessment of surgical margins in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Pei
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dawool Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Yeol Kim
- BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Dental Education, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woong Nam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunae Sandra Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sil Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Ho Cha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: In-Ho Cha, ; Xianglan Zhang,
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: In-Ho Cha, ; Xianglan Zhang,
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Berglund A, Muenyi C, Siegel EM, Ajidahun A, Eschrich SA, Wong D, Hendrick LE, Putney RM, Kim S, Hayes DN, Shibata D. Characterization of Epigenomic Alterations in HPV16+ Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:858-869. [PMID: 35064062 PMCID: PMC8983563 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic changes associated with human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven tumors have been described; however, HPV type-specific alterations are less well understood. We sought to compare HPV16-specific methylation changes with those in virus-unassociated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). METHODS Within The Cancer Genome Atlas, 59 HPV16+ HNSCC, 238 nonviral HNSCC (no detectable HPV or other viruses), and 50 normal head and neck tissues were evaluated. Significant differentially methylated regions (DMR) were selected, and key associated genes were identified. Partial least squares models were generated to predict HPV16 status in additional independent samples. RESULTS HPV infection in HNSCC is associated with type-specific methylomic profiles. Multiple significant DMRs were identified between HPV16+, nonviral, and normal samples. The most significant differentially methylated genes, SYCP2, MSX2, HLTF, PITX2, and GRAMD4, demonstrated HPV16-associated methylation patterns with corresponding alterations in gene expression. Phylogenetically related HPV types (alpha-9 species; HPV31, HPV33, and HPV35) demonstrated a similar methylation profile to that of HPV16 but differed from those seen in other types, such as HPV18 and 45 (alpha-7). CONCLUSIONS HNSCC linked to HPV16 and types from the same alpha species are associated with a distinct methylation profile. This HPV16-associated methylation pattern is also detected in cervical cancer and testicular germ cell tumors. We present insights into both shared and unique methylation alterations associated with HPV16+ tumors and may have implications for understanding the clinical behavior of HPV-associated HNSCC. IMPACT HPV type-specific methylomic changes may contribute to understanding biologic mechanisms underlying differences in clinical behavior among different HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Berglund
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Clarisse Muenyi
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Departments of Cancer Epidemiology , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Abidemi Ajidahun
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Steven A. Eschrich
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Denise Wong
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Leah E. Hendrick
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ryan M. Putney
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sungjune Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - D. Neil Hayes
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, USA
| | - David Shibata
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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10
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Raj S, Vachher N, Aden D, Srivastava A, Nath D. Co-expression of P53 and Ki67 in premalignant and malignant oral/oropharyngeal biopsies in Bundelkhand Region, India. ARCHIVES OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/amhs.amhs_155_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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11
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Survival-Based Biomarker Module Identification Associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080760. [PMID: 34439992 PMCID: PMC8389591 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, four OSCC-specific hub genes were identified using high-throughput RNA-Seq data from TCGA cohort. The significant genes within tumor and normal samples were used for weighted PPI network construction based on survival of patients along with their expression profiles. The analysis revealed the most significant module in the training and test datasets. The genes from this module were used for pathway enrichment analysis followed by hub gene selection. These novel biomarkers might have clinical utility for diagnosis and prognosis prediction in OSCC, providing diagnosis at a very early stage. Moreover, a combination of all these biomarkers might distinguish the OSCC patients with low risk and high risk for cancer progression and recurrence, which will provide useful guidance for personalized and precision therapy. However, the results in the present study were obtained by integrative theoretical analysis, and the findings remain to be confirmed by further experimental validations. Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide with a high rate of morbidity and mortality, with 90% of predilections occurring for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cancers of the mouth account for 40% of head and neck cancers, including squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue, floor of the mouth, buccal mucosa, lips, hard and soft palate, and gingival. OSCC is the most devastating and commonly occurring oral malignancy, with a mortality rate of 500,000 deaths per year. This has imposed a strong necessity to discover driver genes responsible for its progression and malignancy. In the present study we filtered oral squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples from TCGA-HNSC cohort, which we followed by constructing a weighted PPI network based on the survival of patients and the expression profiles of samples collected from them. We found a total of 46 modules, with 18 modules having more than five edges. The KM and ME analyses revealed a single module (with 12 genes) as significant in the training and test datasets. The genes from this significant module were subjected to pathway enrichment analysis for identification of significant pathways and involved genes. Finally, the overlapping genes between gene sets ranked on the basis of weighted PPI module centralities (i.e., degree and eigenvector), significant pathway genes, and DEGs from a microarray OSCC dataset were considered as OSCC-specific hub genes. These hub genes were clinically validated using the IHC images available from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database.
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12
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Chang H, Xu Q, Li J, Li M, Zhang Z, Ma H, Yang X. Lactate secreted by PKM2 upregulation promotes Galectin-9-mediated immunosuppression via inhibiting NF-κB pathway in HNSCC. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:725. [PMID: 34290225 PMCID: PMC8295286 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 as a key rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, it plays a critical role in metabolic reprogramming and carcinogenesis. However, whether PKM2 can promote immunosuppressive microenvironment formation remains unknown in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). PKM2 expression was detected using immunohistochemical staining. The biological functions of PKM2 were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Lactate production and the expression of Galectin-9, a critical immunosuppression molecule, were detected after PKM2 knockdown and overexpression in HNSCC cells. The mechanism of lactate regulating Galectin-9 expression through NF-κB signaling was explored in vitro. Overexpression of PKM2 correlates with poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. Silencing PKM2 markedly inhibits proliferation and metastasis capacity in vivo and in vitro, and vice versa. The glycolysis and glycolytic capacity are significantly decreased after PKM2 silencing. Lactate secretion induced by PKM2 significantly promotes migration and invasion capacity. Furthermore, a positive correlation between PKM2 and Galectin-9 expression is observed in HNSCC tissues. The induction of Galectin-9 expression by PKM2 can be affected by a lactate transporter inhibitor. Mechanically, lactate impeded the suppressive transcriptional complex formation of NF-κB and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), which released the transcription of Galectin-9 mediated by NF-κB signaling. Our findings demonstrate that lactate produced by PKM2 upregulation promotes tumor progression and Galectin-9-mediated immunosuppression via NF-κB signaling inhibition in HNSCC, which bridges metabolism and immunosuppression. The novel PKM2-lactate-Galectin-9 axis might be a potential therapeutic target in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Chang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 200011, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510140, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoshi Xu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 200011, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 200011, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 200011, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 200011, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Ma
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 200011, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, 200011, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 200011, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, 200011, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Blahak J, Zelinka J, Gumulec J, Machacek C, Danek Z, Bulik O. HPV, protein p16 and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020; 164:292-299. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2019.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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14
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Zhang M, Chen Z, Zhang S, Wu L, Jie Y, Liao Y, Huang Y, Chen J, Shi B. Analysis of Differentially Expressed Long Non-coding RNAs and the Associated TF-mRNA Network in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1421. [PMID: 32923393 PMCID: PMC7456846 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) tumorigenesis. However, the comprehensive regulation of lncRNAs-transcription factors (TFs)-messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in TSCC remains largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and the associated TF-mRNA network in TSCC. To explore lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles and their biological functions in TSCC, we surveyed the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of TSCC and adjacent tissues using next-generation RNA sequencing in six patients. Thousands of significantly differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and mRNAs (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to demonstrate the principal functions of the significantly dysregulated lncRNAs and genes. A total of 40 DELs were screened between TSCC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Results obtained from GEPIA and StarBase confirmed the expression levels of nine pivotal DELs obtained in our study. Three of the nine deregulated DELs were identified to have a significant impact on the overall survival of TSCC patients, which were evaluated with GEPIA and StarBase. LncMAP was used to predict the lncRNA-TF-mRNA triplets in TSCC. Furthermore, based on these results, we established lncRNA-TF-mRNA coexpression networks for the up- and downregulated lncRNAs using Cytoscape. We also found that among the nine pivotal lncRNAs, there is limited research on the abnormally expressed lncRNAs, including RP11-54H7.4, CTD-2545M3.8, RP11-760H22.2, RP4-791M13.3, and LINC01405, in TSCC pathogenesis. This is the first study to show that RP11-54H7.4, LINC00152, and LINC01405 can be acted as a prognostic target for TSCC. Our findings provide a novel perspective and lay the foundation for future research on the potential roles of lncRNAs, TFs, and mRNAs in TSCC. Verification of the potential lncRNA-TF-mRNA regulatory networks will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zexi Chen
- Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sihui Zhang
- Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Jie
- Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunyang Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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15
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Wu QQ, Zhao M, Huang GZ, Zheng ZN, Chen Y, Zeng WS, Lv XZ. Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) Overexpression Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Down-Regulating Dipeptidyl Peptidase 9 (DPP9). Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2599-2611. [PMID: 32273729 PMCID: PMC7113806 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s243417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) acts as a tumor promoter via epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The present study was designed to investigate the FAP targeting proteins and explore the precise mechanism by which FAP promotes EMT in OSCC. Patients and Methods Proteins interacting with FAP were found and filtered by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS). Both DPP9 protein and mRNA were examined in 90 paired OSCC samples and matched normal tissue. DPP9 knockdown was conducted to determine its function in OSCC in vitro and in vivo. Results Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) was identified as interacting with FAP intracellularly by IP-MS. The levels of both DPP9 protein and mRNA were down-regulated in OSCC tissue. Lower DPP9 expression was correlated with unfavorable survival rates of OSCC patients. DPP9 knockdown accelerates the proliferation of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of FAP leads to a reduction in DPP9 expression. Likewise, DPP9 overexpression reverses the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT induced by FAP during OSCC. Conclusion Our study finds that FAP promotes EMT of OSCC by down-regulating DPP9 in a non-enzymatic manner. FAP-DPP9 pathway could be a potential therapeutic target of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhao Huang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Nan Zheng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechuan Chen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Sen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhi Lv
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Human papilloma virus related squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck: diagnosis, clinical implications and detection of HPV. Pathology 2019; 52:179-191. [PMID: 31889547 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) positive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck is reported most commonly in the oropharynx but can also uncommonly be found in other sites such as the anterior oral cavity and sinonasal tract. While HPV positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-OPSCC) has been shown to have a more favourable prognosis than conventional smoking- and alcohol-related anterior oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), HPV positive SCC arising elsewhere in the head and neck region does not carry the same favourable prognosis. HPV-OPSCC often tends to present with large cystic metastases in the cervical lymph nodes, with a clinically and radiologically occult primary. Correct diagnosis of the initial biopsy/cytology specimen is critical for directing further investigations and management. In recognition of its distinct biological behaviour, the 8th edition of the American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC 8) has proposed a separate clinical and pathological staging system for HPV-OPSCC compared to that for a conventional primary OSCC or neck metastasis of similar size. The new AJCC staging does not apply to other HPV positive SCC of the head and neck. This review examines the current biology of HPV positive SCC, focusing on HPV-OPSCC. The value and pitfalls of current detection methods of HPV are discussed with an emphasis on the role of the pathologist in the diagnosis and management of HPV positive SCC of the head and neck.
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17
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Ali M, Bukhari MH, Hassan F, Illyas M. Clinicopathological study of ameloblastoma and detection of human papilloma virus by immunohistochemistry. Pak J Med Sci 2019; 35:1691-1696. [PMID: 31777517 PMCID: PMC6861475 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.35.6.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinocopathological factors and presence of Human Pappiloma Virus in ameloblastoma by immnohistochemistry. Methods: It was a cross sectional study on 50 surgical specimens of ameloblastoma, completed in six months. These were selected and processed for initial screening by H&E and then by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detection of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The questionnaire was designed to study the clinicopathological factors associated in these patients. Sections of 4µm were cut, placed on special positive charged glass slides in the Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University. It was then examined by the histopathologists for grading and scoring of these lesions. Chi Square test was used to assess the differences found in types of ameloblastomas. The p-value was smaller than 0.05 (p < 0.05). Results: The mean age of the patients (12-80 years old) was 38.6±15.1 years, with male-female ratio 2.84: 1. HPV was positive in 9 (18%), whereas negative in of 41 (82%) patients. Among the positive, reactive HPV with score-1 was 8 and score-2 was 1. According to histological variant, follicular was present in 78%, Plexiform pattern in 8%, Conventional and Desmoplastic variants in one patient each; and Cystic and Acanthomatous were seen in two and three patients respectively. The mandible was involved in 39 patients, maxilla and right maxilla involved in 4 patients each, right retromolar, cheek and angle of mandible was seen in one patient each. About 16% patients had anterior, 66% had posterior and 18% had both anterior and posterior regions involved. Among the HPV positive reactive statistically, no significant difference was found with smoking, Paan and exposure to pesticides, factory or mine (p-value > 0.05). Among HPV positive reactive patients, eight had ameloblastoma whereas, 1 had ameloblastomic fibroma. There was no statistical significance of type, location and region of tumor in HPV positivity. Conclusion: Mandible and posterior region was more commonly involved. Follicular pattern was most common. There was no effect of exposure to pesticides, factory or mine, smoke and human papilloma virus in the etiology of ameloblastoma because only 18% of patients showed the association of HPV16
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbah Ali
- Misbah Ali, BDs, M.Phil. King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mulazim Hussain Bukhari
- Mulazim Hussain Bukhari, MBBS, DCP, CHPE, MPhil, FCPS, PhD. Head of Pathology Department, UCMD, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Hassan
- Faiza Hassan BDs, MPhil. Assistant Professor Oral Pathology, Fauji Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Illyas
- Dr. Maria Illyas BDs, MPhil. Senior Registrar Oral Pathology, Baqai Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
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18
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Zhang L, Meng X, Zhu XW, Yang DC, Chen R, Jiang Y, Xu T. Long non-coding RNAs in Oral squamous cell carcinoma: biologic function, mechanisms and clinical implications. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:102. [PMID: 31133028 PMCID: PMC6535863 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that regions of the genome that cannot encode proteins play an important role in diseases. These regions are usually transcribed into long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs, little or no coding potential, are defined as capped transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. New sequencing technologies have shown that a large number of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs are associated with multiple cancer types and indicated they have emerged as an important class of pervasive genes during the development and progression of cancer. However, the underlying mechanism in cancer is still unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the lncRNA function. Notably, many lncRNAs dysregulation are associated with Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and affect various aspects of cellular homeostasis, including proliferation, survival, migration or genomic stability. This review expounds the up- or down-regulation of lncRNAs in OSCC and the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs perform their function in the malignant cell. Finally, the potential of lncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for OSCC diagnosis are also described. LncRNAs hold promise as prospective novel therapeutic targets, but more research is needed to gain a better understanding of their biologic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.,Department of Periodontology, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xin-Wei Zhu
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.,Outpatient Department of Binhu District, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Deng-Cheng Yang
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ran Chen
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 372 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230000, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China. .,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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19
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Jethanandani A, Chen MM, Gule-Monroe MK, Morrison WH, Lai SY, Johnson JM. Incidental detection of oropharyngeal cancer with fluciclovine PET. Head Neck 2019; 41:E141-E145. [PMID: 31046173 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluorine-18-labeled 1-amino-3-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (fluciclovine) is a synthetic amino acid radiopharmaceutical initially developed to improve noninvasive diagnosis of gliomas and currently FDA approved for prostate cancer imaging. Although fluciclovine positron emission tomography (PET) has proven to be efficacious in detecting multiple types of cancer, its ability to detect oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is largely unknown. METHODS We describe a case of incidental OPSCC detection with fluciclovine PET in a 66-year old male patient during workup for recurrent prostate adenocarcinoma. RESULTS Fluciclovine PET detected a left base of tongue (BOT) lesion, which was subsequently confirmed as invasive SCC on surgical pathology. CONCLUSION Given these findings, we discuss potential future directions for research with fluciclovine to overcome some of the known limitations of 18 [F]fluorodeoxyglucose in oncological imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Jethanandani
- College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Melissa M Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria K Gule-Monroe
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - William H Morrison
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephen Y Lai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jason M Johnson
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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20
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Molecular Biomarkers Related to Oral Carcinoma: Clinical Trial Outcome Evaluation in a Literature Review. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:8040361. [PMID: 31019584 PMCID: PMC6452537 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8040361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Backgrounds The objective of the present research was to systematically revise the international literature about the genetic biomarkers related to oral cancer (OC) evaluating the recent findings in clinical studies. Methods A comprehensive review of the current literature was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines by accessing the NCBI PubMed database. The authors conducted the search of articles in the English language published from 2008 to 2018. The present systematic review included only papers with significant results about correlation between wound healing, genetic alteration, and OC. Prognostic capacity of genetic markers was not evaluated in vivo. Results The first analysis with filters recorded about 1884 published papers. Beyond reading and consideration of suitability, only 20 and then 8 papers, with case report exclusion, were recorded for the revision. Conclusion All the researches recorded the proteomic and genetic alterations in OC human biopsy cells. The gene modification level in the different studies, compared with samples of healthy tissues, has always been statistically significant, but it is not possible to associate publications with each other because each job is based on the measurement of different biomarkers and gene targets. Further investigations should be required in order to state scientific evidence about a clear advantage of using these biomarkers for diagnostic purpose.
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Preciado C, Vallejo Janeta P. Situation of Human Papilloma Virus: Generalities and current treatments. BIONATURA 2019. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/cs/2019.02.01.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus represents the commonest STD, and it is the principal causative agent of different genital lesions, including genital warts and cervical cancer. Two high-risk HPV genotypes are responsible for the 70% of cervical cancer, and the prevalence of these types reaches alarming levels in many developing countries (e.g., 43.58% in Ecuador). However, the information about HPV in developing countries is limited, becoming an obstacle for breakthrough treatments or prevention strategies. Current strategies include the development of new vaccines, combined chemo- and radiotherapy, and the use of CRISPR/Cas9. Moreover, HPV can be used to treat other non-related cancers, such as ovarian cancer. The present review aims to describe the different prevention strategies and treatments for HPV available worldwide, cover the usage of HPV for the treatment of other diseases, as well as comment on their possible application in Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian Preciado
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, YachayTech, Urcuquí. Ecuador
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22
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Zhao C, Zou H, Wang J, Shen J, Liu H. A Three Long Noncoding RNA-Based Signature for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Prognosis Prediction. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:888-895. [PMID: 30234381 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Despite relative high 5-year survival rate, delayed diagnosis still hampers its prognosis improvement. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has recently been demonstrated to involve in development of various cancers. This study aimed to identify a lncRNA-based signature by which we could accurately predict OSCC prognosis. We first downloaded the RNA sequencing datasets for OSCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and divided samples into training set and validation set. Associations between lncRNAs' expression and OSCC overall survival (OS) were evaluated in training set. Further screening through Random Survival Forest (RSF) method identified a prognostic signature composed of three lncRNAs, including AC013268.5, RP11.65 L3.4, and RP11.15A1.7, and by which OSCC samples in training set could be divided into high-risk and low-risk group with significantly different OS (p < 0.001, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.873). Besides, reliability of the prognostic signature was confirmed in the validation set (p < 0.01, HR = 2.14). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed the superiority of the signature in OSCC prognosis prediction than other clinical characteristics. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that high-risk score was closely associated with metabolism and spliceosome related pathways. Our findings suggest that lncRNA should be an important biomarker for prognosis of OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Zhao
- 1 Department of Emergency, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Huiru Zou
- 2 Central Laboratory of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University , Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- 1 Department of Emergency, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Shen
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Liu
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital , Tianjin, China
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23
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Wang Z, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Deng Q, Liang H. Expression and mutations of BRCA in breast cancer and ovarian cancer: Evidence from bioinformatics analyses. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3542-3550. [PMID: 30221688 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) are the most well‑known genes linked to breast cancer and ovarian cancer, which are crucial in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. The present study aimed to elucidate the expression profiles, mutations and interaction networks of BRCA1 and BRCA2, which may provide insights to reveal the mechanisms of BRCA genes ultimately leading to breast or ovarian tumorigenesis. Bioinformatics analyses were performed in the present study. The mRNA levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 were evaluated using FIREHOSE analysis, SAGE Genie tools and Oncomine analysis. cBioPortal analysis, and Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer analysis were used to examine the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Kaplan‑Meier Plotter analysis was performed to identify the prognostic roles of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in breast cancer and ovarian cancer. The results of the present study showed that the mRNA expression levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 were elevated in breast cancer and ovarian cancer tissues, compared with their matched normal tissues. Second, several common mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were identified in breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Finally, neurofibromin 1, synaptonemal complex protein 2 and tumor protein 53 were predicted to be involved in the interaction network of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Taken together, these results provide a significant insight into certain mutations and proteins involved in the interaction network of BRCA1 and BRCA2, which may have common roles in breast cancer and ovarian cancer. However, the complex mechanism underlying these observations remains to be fully elucidated, and further investigations are required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Zhang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Deng
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
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24
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Dalla Torre D, Burtscher D, Soelder E, Offermanns V, Rasse M, Puelacher W. Human papillomavirus prevalence in a Mid-European oral squamous cell cancer population: A cohort study. Oral Dis 2018; 24:948-956. [PMID: 29706018 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human papillomavirus infection has been investigated intensively regarding oropharyngeal carcinoma. However, there is still lack of knowledge about the impact of oral HPV infections concerning oral squamous cell carcinoma. This study investigates the prevalence of oral HPV infection in such patients, identifying possible differences between HPV+ and HPV- patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One hundred and six consequent patients were investigated. After completion of a study questionnaire regarding risk factors, a brush smear sample was taken in each subject to identify the individual oral HPV status (overall/low risk/high risk). RESULTS About 35.8% of the patients were tested positive for HPV in the oral cavity (14% low risk, 28.3% high risk). Patients with oral HPV infection and high-risk HPV infection were significantly younger (p < 0.001) and had a higher alcohol consumption (p = 0.0075 resp. p = 0.0022). A high number of different sexual partners were significantly correlated with any type of HPV infection. At last, patients with high-risk oral HPV infection had experienced more tooth extractions during their lifetime. CONCLUSION Oral HPV infections may influence the course of disease of oral squamous cell carcinoma as HPV+ patients are about 10 years younger. It seems that high alcohol consumption facilitates high-risk HPV infection. It may be presumed that both alcohol consumption and high-risk oral HPV infection act synergistically, explaining earlier cancer onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dalla Torre
- University Clinic of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Doris Burtscher
- University Clinic of Prosthodontics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Soelder
- University Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Vincent Offermanns
- University Clinic of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Rasse
- University Clinic of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Puelacher
- University Clinic of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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25
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Emmett S, Boros S, Whiteman DC, Porceddu SV, Panizza BJ, Antonsson A. Sexual behaviour, HPV status and p16INK4a expression in oropharyngeal and oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas: a case–case comparison study. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:783-789. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Emmett
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Australia
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia
| | | | - David C. Whiteman
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Sandro V. Porceddu
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia
| | - Benedict J. Panizza
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Annika Antonsson
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Australia
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26
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Liu T, Zhang H, Yang X, Li X, Shi Y, Niu W, Liu T. Study on expression of p16 and human papillomavirus 16 and 18 (E6) in OLP and its malignant transformation. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:296-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Heawchaiyaphum C, Pientong C, Phusingha P, Vatanasapt P, Promthet S, Daduang J, Teeramatwanich W, Kongyingyoes B, Chuerduangphui J, Ekalaksananan T. Peroxiredoxin-2 and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein as potentially combined novel salivary biomarkers for early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma using proteomic approaches. J Proteomics 2017; 173:52-61. [PMID: 29199150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
No effective screening method is available for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that is recognized to influence by environmental factors as well as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Therefore, we sought to identify salivary biomarkers for screening of OSCC with or without HPV and/or EBV infection. Saliva, lesion and oral exfoliated cells were collected from OSCC patients and cancer-free controls (CFCs) and grouped depending on their HPV- and EBV-infection status. Salivary protein was precipitated and subjected to 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Differential expression of proteins was identified by mass spectrometry and validated by Western blotting. Distinctive expression patterns of salivary proteins were detected in OSCC as compared with CFCs. Levels of peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX-2) and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) were significantly up-regulated in OSCC cases (p<0.001) relative to CFCs. Similarly, these proteins were also up-regulated in lesion cells compared with oral exfoliated cells (p<0.001). However, the expression patterns of these proteins were not significantly influenced by patient histories (risk factors). In combination, these proteins yielded the highest discriminatory power (AUC=0.999), sensitivity (100%), and specificity (98.77%) in distinguishing the early stages of OSCC. The detection of PRDX-2 combining with ZAG protein could potentially be used as salivary biomarkers for early screening of OSCC. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings demonstrate a useful of combined detection of PRDX-2 and ZAG as a salivary biomarker for the early detection of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukkris Heawchaiyaphum
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chamsai Pientong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Pensiri Phusingha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patravoot Vatanasapt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Supannee Promthet
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Watchareporn Teeramatwanich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Bunkerd Kongyingyoes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Jureeporn Chuerduangphui
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tipaya Ekalaksananan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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28
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He SS, Chen Y, Shen XM, Wang HZ, Sun P, Dong J, Guo GF, Chen JG, Xia LP, Hu PL, Qiu HJ, Liu SS, Zhou YX, Wang W, Hu WH, Cai XY. DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit functions in metastasis and influences survival in advanced-stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:2410-2416. [PMID: 28819445 PMCID: PMC5560160 DOI: 10.7150/jca.20069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) is known to function in several types of cancer. In this study, we investigated the expression and clinicopathologic significance of DNA-PKcs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 208 patients with advanced-stage LSCC treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. We assessed DNA-PKcs and p16INK4a (p16) status using immunohistochemistry. We examined the association between DNA-PKcs expression and clinicopathologic features and survival outcomes. To evaluate the independent prognostic relevance of DNA-PKcs, we used univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. We estimated overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that 163/208 (78.4%) of the LSCC tissue samples exhibited high DNA-PKcs expression. High DNA-PKcs expression was significantly associated with survival outcomes (P = 0.016) and distant metastasis (P = 0.02; chi-squared test). High DNA-PKcs expression was associated with a significantly shorter OS and DMFS than low DNA-PKcs expression (P = 0.029 and 0.033, respectively; log-rank test), and was associated with poor OS in the p16-positive subgroup (P = 0.047). Multivariate analysis identified DNA-PKcs as an independent prognostic indicator of OS and DMFS in all patients (P = 0.039 and 0.037, respectively). Conclusions: Our results suggest that patients with LSCC in whom DNA-PKcs expression is elevated have a higher incidence of distant metastasis and a poorer prognosis. DNA-PKcs may represent a marker of tumor progression in patients with p16-positive LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of Radiation, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of Radiation, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of Radiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan (The affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Zhi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Fang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ju-Gao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Liang-Ping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Juan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shou-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Han Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of Radiation, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Yu Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of VIP Region, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Ferreira LL, Biasoli ÉR, Bernabé DG, Nunes CM, Miyahara GI. Plasma HPV DNA is detectable in oral leukoplakia patients. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:759-765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Ferlazzo N, Currò M, Zinellu A, Caccamo D, Isola G, Ventura V, Carru C, Matarese G, Ientile R. Influence of MTHFR Genetic Background on p16 and MGMT Methylation in Oral Squamous Cell Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040724. [PMID: 28353639 PMCID: PMC5412310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme may influence DNA methylation. Alterations in DNA methylation patterns of genes involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA repair, cell adherence and metastasis process are known to contribute to cancer development. In this study, the influence of the MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms on global DNA methylation and site-specific methylation on p16 and O⁶-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene promoters was investigated in patients with oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC). To this aim, methylation studies were carried out by using genomic DNA isolated from saliva samples of 58 OSCC patients and 90 healthy controls. The frequency of the CT/AC and TT/AA genotypes was significantly higher in patients than in controls. Whereas no difference in global DNA methylation levels was observed between patients and controls, a higher frequency of methylation at both p16 and MGMT gene promoters was detected in patients compared with controls. A significant association between MTHFR gene polymorphisms and p16 and MGMT gene promoter methylation was found. The frequency of p16 and MGMT methylation was around 60% in patients with either the CT/AC or TT/AA genotype. Our results suggest that hypermethylation of cancer-related genes may be affected by MTHFR polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ferlazzo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Monica Currò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Daniela Caccamo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Valeria Ventura
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
- Control Quality Unit, University Hospital of Sassari (AOU), 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Matarese
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Ientile
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
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31
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Abstract
Since more than 5 years, it becomes evident that there is a new group of patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck area, namely human papillomavirus (HPV)-related (caused) tumors. As clinical statistics indicate, those patients have better prognosis, even despite more advanced stage compared to those with HPV-negative tumors. In fact, as a surrogate of HPV infection for clinical studies, an immunohistochemical expression of p16 protein is used. In the following chapter, the spectrum of squamous cell carcinomas variants with indication of the percentage cases with proved HPV infection will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Marszałek
- Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylactics, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Szylberg
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
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32
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Genomic amplification of Fanconi anemia complementation group A (FancA) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): Cellular mechanisms of radioresistance and clinical relevance. Cancer Lett 2016; 386:87-99. [PMID: 27867017 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Radio (chemo) therapy is a crucial treatment modality for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but relapse is frequent, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Therefore, novel biomarkers are urgently needed. Previously, we identified gains on 16q23-24 to be associated with amplification of the Fanconi anemia A (FancA) gene and to correlate with reduced progression-free survival after radiotherapy. Here, we analyzed the effects of FancA on radiation sensitivity in vitro, characterized the underlying mechanisms, and evaluated their clinical relevance. Silencing of FancA expression in HNSCC cell lines with genomic gains on 16q23-24 resulted in significantly impaired clonogenic survival upon irradiation. Conversely, overexpression of FancA in immortalized keratinocytes conferred increased survival accompanied by improved DNA repair, reduced accumulation of chromosomal translocations, but no hyperactivation of the FA/BRCA-pathway. Downregulation of interferon signaling as identified by microarray analyses, enforced irradiation-induced senescence, and elevated production of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) appeared to be candidate mechanisms contributing to FancA-mediated radioresistance. Data of the TCGA HNSCC cohort confirmed the association of gains on 16q24.3 with FancA overexpression and impaired overall survival. Importantly, transcriptomic alterations similar to those observed upon FancA overexpression in vitro strengthened the clinical relevance. Overall, FancA amplification and overexpression appear to be crucial for radiotherapeutic failure in HNSCC.
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33
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Current Technologies and Recent Developments for Screening of HPV-Associated Cervical and Oropharyngeal Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8090085. [PMID: 27618102 PMCID: PMC5040987 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8090085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for a growing number of malignancies, predominantly represented by cervical cancer and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Because of the prevalence of the virus, persistence of infection, and long latency period, novel and low-cost methods are needed for effective population level screening and monitoring. We review established methods for screening of cervical and oral cancer as well as commercially-available techniques for detection of HPV DNA. We then describe the ongoing development of microfluidic nucleic acid-based biosensors to evaluate circulating host microRNAs that are produced in response to an oncogenic HPV infection. The goal is to develop an ideal screening platform that is low-cost, portable, and easy to use, with appropriate signal stability, sensitivity and specificity. Advances in technologies for sample lysis, pre-treatment and concentration, and multiplexed nucleic acid detection are provided. Continued development of these devices provides opportunities for cancer screening in low resource settings, for point-of-care diagnostics and self-screening, and for monitoring response to vaccination or surgical treatment.
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34
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Loeschke S, Ohlmann AK, Bräsen JH, Holst R, Warnke PH. Prognostic value of HMGA2, P16, and HPV in oral squamous cell carcinomas. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:1422-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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35
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Villagómez-Ortíz VJ, Paz-Delgadillo DE, Marino-Martínez I, Ceseñas-Falcón LÁ, Sandoval-de la Fuente A, Reyes-Escobedo A. Prevalencia de infección por virus del papiloma humano en carcinoma espinocelular de cavidad oral, orofaringe y laringe. CIR CIR 2016; 84:363-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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36
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Michna A, Schötz U, Selmansberger M, Zitzelsberger H, Lauber K, Unger K, Hess J. Transcriptomic analyses of the radiation response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma subclones with different radiation sensitivity: time-course gene expression profiles and gene association networks. Radiat Oncol 2016; 11:94. [PMID: 27455841 PMCID: PMC4960706 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-016-0672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired and inherent radioresistance of tumor cells is related to tumor relapse and poor prognosis - not only in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Therefore, systemic in-depth analyses are needed to identify key regulators of radioresistance. In the present study, subclones of the CAL-33 HNSCC cell line with different radiosensitivity were analyzed to identify signaling pathways related to the different phenotypes. METHODS Subclones with altered radiosensitivity were generated by fractionated irradiation of the parental CAL-33 cells. Differences in radiosensitivity were confirmed in colony formation assays. Selected subclones were characterized at the genomic and transcriptomic level by SKY, array CGH, and mRNA-microarray analyses. Time-course gene expression analyses upon irradiation using a natural cubic spline regression model identified temporally differentially expressed genes. Moreover, early and late responding genes were identified. Gene association networks were reconstructed using partial correlation. The Reactome pathway database was employed to conduct pathway enrichment analyses. RESULTS The characterization of two subclones with enhanced radiation resistance (RP) and enhanced radiosensitivity (SP) revealed distinct genomic and transcriptomic changes compared to the parental cells. Differentially expressed genes after irradiation shared by both subclones pointed to important pathways of the early and late radiation response, including senescence, apoptosis, DNA repair, Wnt, PI3K/AKT, and Rho GTPase signaling. The analysis of the most important nodes of the gene association networks revealed pathways specific to the radiation response in different phenotypes of radiosensitivity. Exemplarily, for the RP subclone the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) together with GPCR ligand binding were considered as crucial. Also, the expression of endogenous retrovirus ERV3-1in response to irradiation has been observed, and the related gene association networks have been identified. CONCLUSIONS Our study presents comprehensive gene expression data of CAL-33 subclones with different radiation sensitivity. The resulting networks and pathways associated with the resistant phenotype are of special interest and include the SASP. The radiation-associated expression of ERV3-1 also appears highly attractive for further studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying acquired radioresistance. The identified pathways may represent key players of radioresistance, which could serve as potential targets for molecularly designed, therapeutical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Michna
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schötz
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Selmansberger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Horst Zitzelsberger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group “Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer”, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group “Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer”, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group “Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer”, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Hess
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group “Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer”, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Saghravanian N, Zamanzadeh M, Meshkat Z, Afzal Aghaee M, Salek R. Evaluation of the Prevalence Rate and the Prognostic Effect of Human Papilloma Virus Infection in a Group of Patients With Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION 2016; 9:e3998. [PMID: 27703640 PMCID: PMC5038837 DOI: 10.17795/ijcp-3998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. A relationship between the human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and the prognosis of oral cavity SCC (OCSCC) has been discussed before. OBJECTIVES We investigated the prevalence rate of HPV status in patients with OCSCC, and its effects on clinicopathological characteristics of tumors and patients' prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 114 histopathologically confirmed OCSCC cases were investigated in this study. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to evaluate the HPV status in the samples. RESULTS Fifteen (13.16%) cases were identified as HPV positive. The detected viral subtypes in this study were the subtypes 6 and 11. The stage and especially lymph node stage was significantly higher in the HPV positive group compared to the HPV negative group (P = 0.04). Disease free survival (DFS) was remarkably lower in the HPV positive group compared to the HPV negative group (13.9 vs. 49.9 months, P = 0.02). Overall survival (OS) was also significantly inferior in the HPV positive group (15.7 vs. 49.6 months, P = 0.01). In the current study, no significant differences were observed between two groups in relation to the variables of age, gender, tumors site, tumor size, tumor grading and also the recurrence rate. CONCLUSIONS The observed higher mortality rate among the HPV positive group indicates the poorer prognosis of this group in comparison with the HPV negative patients. The incidence rate of HPV infection was low in the studied samples; however, interaction of subtypes 6 and 11 of HPV in poorer prognosis of the patients and a carcinogenic role of HPV in OCSCC cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrollah Saghravanian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Maryam Zamanzadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IR Iran
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Monavar Afzal Aghaee
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Roham Salek
- Clinical Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
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Ahmed HG, Mustafa SA, Warille E. Human papilloma virus attributable head and neck cancer in the sudan assessed by p16INK4A immunostaining. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 13:6083-6. [PMID: 23464408 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.12.6083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to screen for human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) using P16 immunostaining. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 150 samples from patients diagnosed with HNSCCs. HPV status was determined using p16INK4A. RESULTS 31 of the 150 (20.7%) HNSCCs were HPV positive. CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of HNSCCs in Sudan are associated with HPV infection. The fact that the prevalence of HPV is high among Sudanese patients with head and neck cancers (HNC) has obvious implications for vaccine therapy.
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Human papillomavirus in oral cavity and oropharynx carcinomas in the central region of Brazil. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 83:38-44. [PMID: 27117892 PMCID: PMC9444756 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Molecular studies about carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx demonstrate the presence of human papilomavirus genome in these tumors, reinforcing the participation of human papilomavirus in oral carcinogenesis. Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence of human papilomavirus and genotype distribution of HPV16 and HPV18 in oral cavity and oropharynx carcinomas, as well as their association with clinical characteristics of the tumors. Methods This is a retrospective study, with clinical data collected from 82 patients. Human papilomavirus detection was conducted on specimens of oral cavity and oropharynx carcinomas included in paraffin blocks. Patients were assisted in a cancer reference center, in the central region of Brazil, between 2005 and 2007. Polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection and genotyping of human papilomavirus. Results Among the patients evaluated, 78% were male. The average age of the group was about 58 years. Risk factors, such as smoking (78%) and alcohol consumption (70.8%) were recorded for the group. HPV DNA was detected in 21 cases (25.6%; 95% confidence interval 16.9–36.6) of which 33.3% were HPV16 and 14.3% were HPV18. The presence of lymph node metastases and registered deaths were less frequent in human papilomavirus positive tumors, suggesting a better prognosis for these cases; however, the differences between the groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion The results obtained in the present study, with respect to the presence of the high-risk HPV16 and HPV18 genotypes, highlight the importance of human papilomavirus vaccination in the control of oral cavity and oropharynx carcinomas.
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Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause essentially all cervical cancers, most anal and oropharyngeal cancers, and some vaginal, vulvar, and penile cancers. Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of infection and the availability of newer tests are changing the approach to screening and diagnosis. Molecular tests to detect DNA from the most common high-risk HPVs are FDA approved for use in conjunction with cytology in cervical cancer screening programs. More-specific tests that detect RNA from high-risk HPV types are now also available. The use of molecular tests as the primary screening tests is being adopted in some areas. Genotyping to identify HPV16 and -18 has a recommended role in triaging patients for colposcopy who are high-risk HPV positive but have normal cytology. There are currently no recommended screening methods for anal, vulvar, vaginal, penile, or oropharyngeal HPV infections. HPV testing has limited utility in patients at high risk for anal cancer, but p16 immunohistochemistry is recommended to clarify lesions in tissue biopsy specimens that show moderate dysplasia or precancer mimics. HPV testing is recommended for oropharyngeal squamous cell tumors as a prognostic indicator. Ongoing research will help to improve the content of future guidelines for screening and diagnostic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen M Burd
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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MicroRNA-Target Network Inference and Local Network Enrichment Analysis Identify Two microRNA Clusters with Distinct Functions in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:30204-22. [PMID: 26694379 PMCID: PMC4691172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs represent ~22 nt long endogenous small RNA molecules that have been experimentally shown to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. One main interest in miRNA research is the investigation of their functional roles, which can typically be accomplished by identification of mi-/mRNA interactions and functional annotation of target gene sets. We here present a novel method “miRlastic”, which infers miRNA-target interactions using transcriptomic data as well as prior knowledge and performs functional annotation of target genes by exploiting the local structure of the inferred network. For the network inference, we applied linear regression modeling with elastic net regularization on matched microRNA and messenger RNA expression profiling data to perform feature selection on prior knowledge from sequence-based target prediction resources. The novelty of miRlastic inference originates in predicting data-driven intra-transcriptome regulatory relationships through feature selection. With synthetic data, we showed that miRlastic outperformed commonly used methods and was suitable even for low sample sizes. To gain insight into the functional role of miRNAs and to determine joint functional properties of miRNA clusters, we introduced a local enrichment analysis procedure. The principle of this procedure lies in identifying regions of high functional similarity by evaluating the shortest paths between genes in the network. We can finally assign functional roles to the miRNAs by taking their regulatory relationships into account. We thoroughly evaluated miRlastic on a cohort of head and neck cancer (HNSCC) patients provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas. We inferred an mi-/mRNA regulatory network for human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated miRNAs in HNSCC. The resulting network best enriched for experimentally validated miRNA-target interaction, when compared to common methods. Finally, the local enrichment step identified two functional clusters of miRNAs that were predicted to mediate HPV-associated dysregulation in HNSCC. Our novel approach was able to characterize distinct pathway regulations from matched miRNA and mRNA data. An R package of miRlastic was made available through: http://icb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/mirlastic.
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Santoro A, Pannone G, Ninivaggi R, Petruzzi M, Santarelli A, Russo GM, Lepore S, Pietrafesa M, Laurenzana I, Leonardi R, Bucci P, Natalicchio MI, Lucchese A, Papagerakis S, Bufo P. Relationship between CK19 expression, deregulation of normal keratinocyte differentiation pattern and high risk-human papilloma virus infection in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Infect Agent Cancer 2015; 10:46. [PMID: 26672675 PMCID: PMC4678638 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-015-0041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simple epithelial keratins appear early during embryonic development and are expressed in non-stratified, ductal and pseudo-stratified epithelial tissues. CK19, the lowest molecular weight keratin, is also expressed in basal layer of squamous epithelia of mucosal surfaces. Previous studies have shown that High Risk-Human Papilloma Virus (HR-HPV) epithelial infection induces cell immortalization via E6 and E7 viral proteins and this, in turn, impairs cytokeratin expression in cancerous cells lines derived from uterine cervix. Here, we demonstrate the possible relationship between HR-HPV(+) oral/oropharyngeal cancer and the high levels of CK19 expression. METHODS We analyzed 38 cases of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas/ Oro-Pharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCCs/OPSCCs) by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) using specific antibody (Ab) detecting CK19, by In Situ Hybridization (ISH) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based methods in order to define the HPV infectious status. We also evaluated the variation of CK19 expression in UPCI-SCC-131 (HPV(-)) and UPCI-SCC-154 (HPV(+)) cell lines by immunocytochemistry (ICC) and flow cytometry. RESULTS CK19 OSCC/OPSCC score has been identified multiplying percentage of cancer expressing cells to staining intensity. CK19 expression score in OSCCs/OPSCCs was very different between HPV(+) (mean: 288.0 ± 24.3) and HPV(-) cancers (mean: 66.2 ± 96.9). This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001) with a strong evidence of correlation (p < 0.001; Spearman's R: +0.72). ROC curve analysis was performed on CK19 expression index related to HPV positivity. Heterogeneous areas of immunoreactivity varying in percentage value, intensity and/or localization were observed in normal epithelium, both perilesional and distant from the tumor with important differences between HR-HPV(+) and HR-HPV(-) carcinomas. By ICC and flow cytometry, the two analyzed cell lines were both CK19 positive but showed a different level of expression, in particular it should be noted that the UPCI-SCC-154 (HPV(+)) cell line had a higher expression than UPCI-SCC-131 (HPV(-)). CONCLUSIONS In this study we demonstrated, for the first time, strong association between CK19 up-regulation and HR-HPV(+) OSCCs/OPSCCs. This test has a good accuracy. We identified ROC curve with a cut-off > 195 for HR-HPV positive results (Sensitivity: 92.3 %; Specificity: 89.3 %). Furthermore, in OSCC/OPSCC, the CK19 test may be useful in identifying HR-HPV infection, the latter being related to HPV E7 potential to disrupt normal cytokeratin expression pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Santoro
- Department of Laboratory and Services, Institute of Histopathology and Diagnostic Cytopathology, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura 'Giovanni Paolo II'-UCSC, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pannone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Pathological Anatomy, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rossella Ninivaggi
- Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Petruzzi
- Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Santarelli
- Department of Clinic Specialistic and Stomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Pathological Anatomy, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Silvia Lepore
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Oncological Reference Centre of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Michele Pietrafesa
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Oncological Reference Centre of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Oncological Reference Centre of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Rosalia Leonardi
- Department Medical-Surgical Specialties, Section of Oral Medicine, Policlinico, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Bucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Institute of Oral Pathology, University of Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alberta Lucchese
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties - Second University of Napoli (SUN), Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Oncology, University of Michigan, 500 S State St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Pantaleo Bufo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Pathological Anatomy, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Shaikh MH, McMillan NAJ, Johnson NW. HPV-associated head and neck cancers in the Asia Pacific: A critical literature review & meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39:923-38. [PMID: 26523982 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignancies of the upper aero-digestive tract are a major public health problem, especially in the Asia Pacific. Certain Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are well-established risk factors for carcinoma of the uterine cervix and for a subset of head and neck carcinomata: however their true importance in different populations and anatomical subsites remains unclear. The major risk factors in Asia Pacific remain smoked/smokeless tobacco, areca nut, alcohol abuse and poor diet, with limited evidence for HPVs. We review published studies of association of HPV with anatomical site-specific Head & Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) in these populations and attempt a meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS From MEDLINE/PubMed/WEB-of SCIENCE/EMBASE/Scopus databases we found 67 relevant studies with a total of 7280 cases: 15 case-control studies met our inclusion criteria for meta-analysis, totaling 1106 cases & 638 controls. HPV detection rates, sample site and size, and methods of tissue preservation and HPV detection were tabulated for each study. RESULTS Studies were heterogeneous in terms of sample selection and method of detection of HPVs. Most were of limited quality. Averaging data from 67 studies of HNSCC, the prevalence of HPV of any subtype is approximately 36%. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was the most used detection method and HPV16 the most common genotype reported. Meta-analyses of case-control studies from this region reveal significant heterogeneity but suggest higher HPV prevalence in oropharyngeal cancer (OR: 14.66; 95%CI: 6.09-35.26) compared to oral cavity cancer and laryngeal cancer; (OR: 4.06; 95%CI: 3.05-5.39 & OR: 3.23; 95%CI: 1.37-7.61) respectively. CONCLUSION In view of the significant association of HPV with HNSCC, studies with accurate subsite classification and more sensitive detection methods are necessary. Accurate data from this geographical region are essential to inform public health policies and treatment decisions, especially as studies from Europe and North America reveal HPV-driven cancers to be less aggressive, permitting treatment de-intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushfiq Hassan Shaikh
- School of Dentistry & Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia; School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia; Cancer Research Centre, Molecular Basis of Disease program, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Nigel A J McMillan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia; Cancer Research Centre, Molecular Basis of Disease program, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Newell W Johnson
- Cancer Research Centre, Molecular Basis of Disease program, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; Population & Social Health Research program, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
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Abstract
Human periodontitis is associated with a wide range of bacteria and viruses and with complex innate and adaptive immune responses. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, cytomegalovirus and other herpesviruses are major suspected pathogens of periodontitis, and a combined herpesvirus–bacterial periodontal infection can potentially explain major clinical features of the disease. Cytomegalovirus infects periodontal macrophages and T‐cells and elicits a release of interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor‐α. These proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in the host defense against the virus, but they also have the potential to induce alveolar bone resorption and loss of periodontal ligament. Gingival fibroblasts infected with cytomegalovirus also exhibit diminished collagen production and release of an increased level of matrix metalloproteinases. This article reviews innate and adaptive immunity to cytomegalovirus and suggests that immune responses towards cytomegalovirus can play roles in controlling, as well as in exacerbating, destructive periodontal disease.
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Masterson L, Sorgeloos F, Winder D, Lechner M, Marker A, Malhotra S, Sudhoff H, Jani P, Goon P, Sterling J. Deregulation of SYCP2 predicts early stage human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma: A prospective whole transcriptome analysis. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1568-75. [PMID: 26334652 PMCID: PMC4714680 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to identify significant differences in gene expression profiles of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive and HPV‐negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) and to better understand the functional and biological effects of HPV infection in the premalignant pathway. Twenty‐four consecutive patients with locally advanced primary OPSCC were included in a prospective clinical trial. Fresh tissue samples (tumor vs. matched normal epithelium) were subjected to whole transcriptome analysis and the results validated on the same cohort with RT–quantitative real‐time PCR. In a separate retrospective cohort of 27 OPSCC patients, laser capture microdissection of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue allowed RNA extraction from adjacent regions of normal epithelium, carcinoma in situ (premalignant) and invasive SCC tissue. The majority of patients showed evidence of high‐risk HPV16 positivity (80.4%). Predictable fold changes of RNA expression in HPV‐associated disease included multiple transcripts within the p53 oncogenic pathway (e.g. CDKN2A/CCND1). Other candidate transcripts found to have altered levels of expression in this study have not previously been established (SFRP1, CRCT1, DLG2, SYCP2, and CRNN). Of these, SYCP2 showed the most consistent fold change from baseline in premalignant tissue; aberrant expression of this protein may contribute to genetic instability during HPV‐associated cancer development. If further corroborated, this data may contribute to the development of a non‐invasive screening tool. This study is registered with the UK Clinical Research Network (ref.: 11945).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Masterson
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - David Winder
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matt Lechner
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Alison Marker
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shalini Malhotra
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Holger Sudhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Bielefeld Academic Teaching Hospital, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Piyush Jani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Goon
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jane Sterling
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Dermatology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Ochieng J, Nangami GN, Ogunkua O, Miousse IR, Koturbash I, Odero-Marah V, McCawley LJ, Nangia-Makker P, Ahmed N, Luqmani Y, Chen Z, Papagerakis S, Wolf GT, Dong C, Zhou BP, Brown DG, Colacci AM, Hamid RA, Mondello C, Raju J, Ryan EP, Woodrick J, Scovassi AI, Singh N, Vaccari M, Roy R, Forte S, Memeo L, Salem HK, Amedei A, Al-Temaimi R, Al-Mulla F, Bisson WH, Eltom SE. The impact of low-dose carcinogens and environmental disruptors on tissue invasion and metastasis. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S128-59. [PMID: 26106135 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to stimulate new ideas regarding low-dose environmental mixtures and carcinogens and their potential to promote invasion and metastasis. Whereas a number of chapters in this review are devoted to the role of low-dose environmental mixtures and carcinogens in the promotion of invasion and metastasis in specific tumors such as breast and prostate, the overarching theme is the role of low-dose carcinogens in the progression of cancer stem cells. It is becoming clearer that cancer stem cells in a tumor are the ones that assume invasive properties and colonize distant organs. Therefore, low-dose contaminants that trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition, for example, in these cells are of particular interest in this review. This we hope will lead to the collaboration between scientists who have dedicated their professional life to the study of carcinogens and those whose interests are exclusively in the arena of tissue invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah Ochieng
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
| | - Gladys N Nangami
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
| | - Olugbemiga Ogunkua
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
| | - Isabelle R Miousse
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Igor Koturbash
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Valerie Odero-Marah
- Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Lisa J McCawley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yunus Luqmani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gregory T Wolf
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chenfang Dong
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Binhua P Zhou
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Dustin G Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Anna Maria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Roslida A Hamid
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy
| | - Hosni K Salem
- Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze 50134, Italy and
| | - Rabeah Al-Temaimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - William H Bisson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Sakina E Eltom
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
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47
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Reyes M, Rojas-Alcayaga G, Pennacchiotti G, Carrillo D, Muñoz JP, Peña N, Montes R, Lobos N, Aguayo F. Human papillomavirus infection in oral squamous cell carcinomas from Chilean patients. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:95-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Papagerakis S, Bellile E, Peterson LA, Pliakas M, Balaskas K, Selman S, Hanauer D, Taylor JMG, Duffy S, Wolf G. Proton pump inhibitors and histamine 2 blockers are associated with improved overall survival in patients with head and neck squamous carcinoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 7:1258-69. [PMID: 25468899 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It has been postulated that gastroesophageal reflux plays a role in the etiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and contributes to complications after surgery or during radiotherapy. Antacid medications are commonly used in patients with HNSCC for the management of acid reflux; however, their relationship with outcomes has not been well studied. Associations between histamine receptor-2 antagonists (H2RA) and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) use and treatment outcomes were determined in 596 patients with previously untreated HNSCC enrolled in our SPORE epidemiology program from 2003 to 2008 (median follow-up 55 months). Comprehensive clinical information was entered prospectively in our database. Risk strata were created on the basis of possible confounding prognostic variables (age, demographics, socioeconomics, tumor stage, primary site, smoking status, HPV16 status, and treatment modality); correlations within risk strata were analyzed in a multivariable model. Patients taking antacid medications had significantly better overall survival (OS; PPI alone: P < 0.001; H2RA alone, P = 0.0479; both PPI + H2RA, P = 0.0133). Using multivariable Cox models and adjusting for significant prognostic covariates, both PPIs and H2RAs used were significant prognostic factors for OS, but only H2RAs use for recurrence-free survival in HPV16-positive oropharyngeal patients. We found significant associations between the use of H2RAs and PPIs, alone or in combination, and various clinical characteristics. The findings in this large cohort study indicate that routine use of antacid medications may have significant therapeutic benefit in patients with HNSCC. The reasons for this association remain an active area of investigation and could lead to identification of new treatment and prevention approaches with agents that have minimal toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Periodontics-Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Emily Bellile
- Center for Cancer Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lisa A Peterson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Maria Pliakas
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Katherine Balaskas
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sara Selman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David Hanauer
- Clinical Informatics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Bioinformatics Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeremy M G Taylor
- Center for Cancer Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sonia Duffy
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan. School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan. VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gregory Wolf
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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49
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Chandrani P, Kulkarni V, Iyer P, Upadhyay P, Chaubal R, Das P, Mulherkar R, Singh R, Dutt A. NGS-based approach to determine the presence of HPV and their sites of integration in human cancer genome. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:1958-65. [PMID: 25973533 PMCID: PMC4580395 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papilloma virus (HPV) accounts for the most common cause of all virus-associated human cancers. Here, we describe the first graphic user interface (GUI)-based automated tool 'HPVDetector', for non-computational biologists, exclusively for detection and annotation of the HPV genome based on next-generation sequencing data sets. METHODS We developed a custom-made reference genome that comprises of human chromosomes along with annotated genome of 143 HPV types as pseudochromosomes. The tool runs on a dual mode as defined by the user: a 'quick mode' to identify presence of HPV types and an 'integration mode' to determine genomic location for the site of integration. The input data can be a paired-end whole-exome, whole-genome or whole-transcriptome data set. The HPVDetector is available in public domain for download: http://www.actrec.gov.in/pi-webpages/AmitDutt/HPVdetector/HPVDetector.html. RESULTS On the basis of our evaluation of 116 whole-exome, 23 whole-transcriptome and 2 whole-genome data, we were able to identify presence of HPV in 20 exomes and 4 transcriptomes of cervical and head and neck cancer tumour samples. Using the inbuilt annotation module of HPVDetector, we found predominant integration of viral gene E7, a known oncogene, at known 17q21, 3q27, 7q35, Xq28 and novel sites of integration in the human genome. Furthermore, co-infection with high-risk HPVs such as 16 and 31 were found to be mutually exclusive compared with low-risk HPV71. CONCLUSIONS HPVDetector is a simple yet precise and robust tool for detecting HPV from tumour samples using variety of next-generation sequencing platforms including whole genome, whole exome and transcriptome. Two different modes (quick detection and integration mode) along with a GUI widen the usability of HPVDetector for biologists and clinicians with minimal computational knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chandrani
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - V Kulkarni
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - P Iyer
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - P Upadhyay
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - R Chaubal
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - P Das
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - R Mulherkar
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - R Singh
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
| | - A Dutt
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210, India
- E-mail:
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50
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Gunasekera SK, Perera KA, Fernando C, Udagama PV. A shifting paradigm in the aetiology of oral and pharyngeal cancer in Sri Lanka: a case-control study providing serologic evidence for the role of oncogenic HPV types 16 and 18. Infect Agent Cancer 2015; 10:12. [PMID: 25908938 PMCID: PMC4407420 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-015-0007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) of multifactorial aetiology is a major health problem globally. Ranking first in all cancers, OPC poses a significant impact on the Sri Lankan male population. As Human Papillomavirus (HPV) high risk (HR) types are found to be significant risk factors for OPC globally, the current study was undertaken to examine the association between HR-HPV16 and 18 types with OPC in Sri Lanka. Materials and methods Serum samples of 78 OPC patients and 51 non-cancer controls were assayed for the presence of anti-HPV16 and anti-HPV18 IgG antibodies using in-house established Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs). The association between OPC and its risk factors i.e. HPV, smoking, alcohol, betel quid, poor dentition, was established using Chi-square test. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR), adjusted for the influence of other risk factors. Results This prototype study in Sri Lanka showed a significant risk of 15 fold in developing OPC due to HPV16/18 seropositivity after removing variability due to other factors. Oncogenic HPV18 showed a higher rate of seropositivity being detected in 32% of OPC patients, and also in 2% of non-cancer control subjects. HR-HPV16 was detected in 23% of OPC patients and in 5.88% of controls. Moreover, seven OPC patients were detected with both anti-HPV16 and anti-HPV18 antibodies. According to the logistic regression models HPV18 seropositivity was associated with a 28 fold risk in developing OPC while that of HPV16 was associated with a 6 fold increase in risk for the development of OPC. A 5 fold risk of developing OPC was also pronounced among smokers while alcohol, betel and poor dentition was not significantly associated with OPC. Statistically significant differences with regard to age, gender, smoking, alcohol, betel use, poor dentition and site specificity of the tumour was not observed between HPV seropositive and seronegative OPC patients. Conclusions Both in-house developed ELISAs detected significant proportions of HPV seropositives within the OPC study population suggestive of HPV as a strong risk factor for oral and pharyngeal carcinogenesis in Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Preethi Vidya Udagama
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
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