1
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de Roode KE, Hashemi K, Verdurmen WPR, Brock R. Tumor-On-A-Chip Models for Predicting In Vivo Nanoparticle Behavior. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402311. [PMID: 38700060 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanosized drug formulations are broadly explored for the improvement of cancer therapy. Prediction of in vivo nanoparticle (NP) behavior, however, is challenging, given the complexity of the tumor and its microenvironment. Microfluidic tumor-on-a-chip models are gaining popularity for the in vitro testing of nanoparticle targeting under conditions that simulate the 3D tumor (microenvironment). In this review, following a description of the tumor microenvironment (TME), the state of the art regarding tumor-on-a-chip models for investigating nanoparticle delivery to solid tumors is summarized. The models are classified based on the degree of compartmentalization (single/multi-compartment) and cell composition (tumor only/tumor microenvironment). The physiological relevance of the models is critically evaluated. Overall, microfluidic tumor-on-a-chip models greatly improve the simulation of the TME in comparison to 2D tissue cultures and static 3D spheroid models and contribute to the understanding of nanoparticle behavior. Interestingly, two interrelated aspects have received little attention so far which are the presence and potential impact of a protein corona as well as nanoparticle uptake through phagocytosing cells. A better understanding of their relevance for the predictive capacity of tumor-on-a-chip systems and development of best practices will be a next step for the further refinement of advanced in vitro tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E de Roode
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Khadijeh Hashemi
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter P R Verdurmen
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329, Bahrain
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2
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Dragic H, Chaveroux C, Cosset E, Manie SN. Modelling cancer metabolism in vitro: current improvements and future challenges. FEBS J 2024; 291:402-411. [PMID: 36516350 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Advances in cancer biology over the past decades have revealed that metabolic adaptation of cancer cells is an essential aspect of tumorigenesis. However, recent insights into tumour metabolism in vivo have revealed dissimilarities with results obtained in vitro. This is partly due to the reductionism of in vitro cancer models that struggle to reproduce the complexity of tumour tissues. This review describes some of the discrepancies in cancer cell metabolism between in vitro and in vivo conditions, and presents current methodological approaches and tools used to bridge the gap with the clinically relevant microenvironment. As such, these approaches should generate new knowledge that could be more effectively translated into therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Dragic
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Cedric Chaveroux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Erika Cosset
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Serge N Manie
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
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3
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Apiz Saab JJ, Muir A. Tumor interstitial fluid analysis enables the study of microenvironment-cell interactions in cancers. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 83:102970. [PMID: 37494818 PMCID: PMC10528471 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in regulating the state and function of all cell types residing in the tumor and thus impacts many aspects of tumor biology. The importance of the TME has led to an interest in characterizing the composition of the TME and how TME components regulate cancer and stromal cell biology. Tumor interstitial fluid (TIF) is the local perfusate of the TME that carries metabolites, electrolytes, and soluble macromolecules to tumor-resident cells. Recently, techniques to isolate TIF have been coupled with analytical techniques to interrogate the composition of TIF, providing new insight into TME composition. In this review, we will discuss what TIF studies indicate about TME composition and new avenues TIF analysis provides to delineate how the TME regulates tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Apiz Saab
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexander Muir
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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4
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Wiltschko L, Roblegg E, Raml R, Birngruber T. Small volume rapid equilibrium dialysis (RED) measures effects of interstitial parameters on the protein-bound fraction of topical drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115571. [PMID: 37527618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The importance of plasma protein binding in the early stages of drug development is well recognized. Free and bound drug fractions in plasma are routinely determined with well-established methods. However, for physiological fluids with a small accessible volume and low protein concentrations, such as dermal interstitial fluid (dISF) validated methods are currently missing. Due to the low protein concentration and highly dynamic processes in the dermis, protein binding data obtained from plasma samples may underestimate in-vivo efficacy. This study aimed to validate a small volume rapid equilibrium dialysis (RED) for low protein samples, as a tool to examine drug-protein binding directly in the biological fluid at the site of action. The sample volume required for RED was successfully downscaled to 50 µl and plasma protein binding values of the four model drugs were consistent with previous studies with an average recovery of 88 ± 8% which makes all tested drugs suitable for small volume RED. Inter- and intra-batch variability showed sufficient reproducibility across RED plates. Small volume RED was successfully applied to assess the effects of interstitial parameters, including the evaluation of the major binding protein and the effects of binding protein concentration, drug concentration, and pH on the protein-bound drug fraction using 2% HSA and/or diluted human plasma as a surrogate for dISF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wiltschko
- HEALTH - Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 2, 8010 Graz, Austria; University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmacy, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Roblegg
- University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmacy, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Reingard Raml
- HEALTH - Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 2, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Thomas Birngruber
- HEALTH - Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
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5
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Alexander S, Moghadam MG, Rothenbroker M, Y T Chou L. Addressing the in vivo delivery of nucleic-acid nanostructure therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114898. [PMID: 37230305 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
DNA and RNA nanostructures are being investigated as therapeutics, vaccines, and drug delivery systems. These nanostructures can be functionalized with guests ranging from small molecules to proteins with precise spatial and stoichiometric control. This has enabled new strategies to manipulate drug activity and to engineer devices with novel therapeutic functionalities. Although existing studies have offered encouraging in vitro or pre-clinical proof-of-concepts, establishing mechanisms of in vivo delivery is the new frontier for nucleic-acid nanotechnologies. In this review, we first provide a summary of existing literature on the in vivo uses of DNA and RNA nanostructures. Based on their application areas, we discuss current models of nanoparticle delivery, and thereby highlight knowledge gaps on the in vivo interactions of nucleic-acid nanostructures. Finally, we describe techniques and strategies for investigating and engineering these interactions. Together, we propose a framework to establish in vivo design principles and advance the in vivo translation of nucleic-acid nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Alexander
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | | | - Meghan Rothenbroker
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Leo Y T Chou
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada.
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6
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Yang A, Zhou Y, Hardy J, Fu S, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wu Z, Zhang X, Wu C, Ma J, Zhou Z, Yang X, Yang S. Isolation of biofluids from tissues using a vacuum-assisted filtration biomedical device. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:2181-2190. [PMID: 37039091 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00090g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A biopsy is usually used to remove a piece of tissue from a patient for laboratory testing. The interstitial fluid is taken out at the same time as the tissue sample. Since interstitial fluid flows between cells and capillaries in tissues, similar to blood plasma, it is necessary to separate interstitial fluid from tissues in order to study them separately. Vacuum blood sampling has been used to draw blood into vacuum-sealed tubes, while interstitial fluid can be removed directly from the skin using microneedles with standard pumps. However, no methods are available to separate blood or interstitial fluid from the tissue itself for molecular characterization. In this study, we designed a biomedical device that can separate interstitial fluid from tissue using a vacuum-assisted filtration method. The device has a chamber that collects fluid extracted from the tissue that remains on top of the filter. We characterized the weight change and glycan profiles of tissues before and after vacuum-assisted filtration. The results demonstrate that the biomedical device can remove interstitial fluid and facilitate the analysis of tissue-specific molecules while minimizing information from the interstitial fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Yang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China.
- Xcision Medical Systems, Columbia, MD 21045, USA
- Marriotts Ridge High School, Marriottsville, MD 21104, USA
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - John Hardy
- Xcision Medical Systems, Columbia, MD 21045, USA
| | - Shiqing Fu
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ci Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20007, USA
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20007, USA
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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7
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Himawan A, Vora LK, Permana AD, Sudir S, Nurdin AR, Nislawati R, Hasyim R, Scott CJ, Donnelly RF. Where Microneedle Meets Biomarkers: Futuristic Application for Diagnosing and Monitoring Localized External Organ Diseases. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202066. [PMID: 36414019 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular tissue fluids are interesting biomatrices that have recently attracted scientists' interest. Many significant biomarkers for localized external organ diseases have been isolated from this biofluid. In the diagnostic and disease monitoring context, measuring biochemical entities from the fluids surrounding the diseased tissues may give more important clinical value than measuring them at a systemic level. Despite all these facts, pushing tissue fluid-based diagnosis and monitoring forward to clinical settings faces one major problem: its accessibility. Most extracellular tissue fluid, such as interstitial fluid (ISF), is abundant but hard to collect, and the currently available technologies are invasive and expensive. This is where novel microneedle technology can help tackle this significant obstacle. The ability of microneedle technology to minimally invasively access tissue fluid-containing biomarkers will enable ISF and other tissue fluid utilization in the clinical diagnosis and monitoring of localized diseases. This review attempts to present the current pursuit of the application of microneedle systems as a diagnostic and monitoring platform, along with the recent progress of biomarker detection in diagnosing and monitoring localized external organ diseases. Then, the potential use of various microneedles in future clinical diagnostics and monitoring of localized diseases is discussed by presenting the currently studied cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achmad Himawan
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT97BL, UK.,Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | | | - Andi Dian Permana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Sumarheni Sudir
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Airin R Nurdin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia.,Hasanuddin University Hospital, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Ririn Nislawati
- Hasanuddin University Hospital, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Rafikah Hasyim
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Christopher J Scott
- Patrick G Johnson Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT97BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT97BL, UK
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8
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Talaat IM, Kim B. A brief glimpse of a tangled web in a small world: Tumor microenvironment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1002715. [PMID: 36045917 PMCID: PMC9421133 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1002715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A tumor is a result of stepwise accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. This notion has deepened the understanding of cancer biology and has introduced the era of targeted therapies. On the other hand, there have been a series of attempts of using the immune system to treat tumors, dating back to ancient history, to sporadic reports of inflamed tumors undergoing spontaneous regression. This was succeeded by modern immunotherapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The recent breakthrough has broadened the sight to other players within tumor tissue. Tumor microenvironment is a niche or a system orchestrating reciprocal and dynamic interaction of various types of cells including tumor cells and non-cellular components. The output of this complex communication dictates the functions of the constituent elements present within it. More complicated factors are biochemical and biophysical settings unique to TME. This mini review provides a brief guide on a range of factors to consider in the TME research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman M. Talaat
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Byoungkwon Kim
- Department of Pathology, H.H. Sheikh Khalifa Specialty Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
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9
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Modeling the efficacy of different anti-angiogenic drugs on treatment of solid tumors using 3D computational modeling and machine learning. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Hardiansyah D, Ng CM. Minimal Physiologically-based Pharmacokinetic Model to Investigate the Effect of Charge on the Pharmacokinetics of Humanized anti-HCV-E2 IgG Antibodies in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Pharm Res 2022; 39:481-496. [PMID: 35246757 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03204-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a minimal physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (mPBPK) model in quantifying the relationships between the charge and pharmacokinetics (PK) of therapeutic monoclonal IgG antibody (TMAb). METHODS PK data used in this study were native IgG and five humanized anti-HCVE2-IgG antibodies in rats. Different models that related the effect of charge on interstitial distribution, transcapillary transport, and cellular uptake for FcRn-mediated metabolism were tested. External validation was conducted to assess if the charge-parameter relationships derived from rats could be used to predict the PK of TMAbs in mice. The final mPBPK model was used to construct the relationships between the FcRn binding and charge on the PK of TMAbs. RESULTS Increasing the isoelectric point (pI) of IgG was associated with higher interstitial space distribution and cellular uptake. The transcapillary transport of IgG from plasma to interstitial space remains constant with pI values below 7.96 and then increased linearly with pI. The model-based simulation results suggested that improving the FcRn binding affinity can overcome the problems of low plasma/interstitial space exposures associated with TMAbs with higher pI values by reducing the FcRn-mediated metabolism and hence increasing drug exposure in the interstitial space that has close contact with many solid tumors. CONCLUSIONS The final mPBPK model was developed and used to construct complex quantitative relationships between the pI/FcRn binding affinity and PK of TMAbs and such relationships are useful to select the discovery of a "sweet spot" of designing future generation of TMAbs with optimal PK properties to achieve desirable plasma and tissue drug exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deni Hardiansyah
- Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Chee Meng Ng
- NewGround Pharmaceutical Consulting LLC, Foster City, CA, 94404, USA.
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11
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Bivalent EGFR-Targeting DARPin-MMAE Conjugates. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052468. [PMID: 35269611 PMCID: PMC8909960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a validated tumor marker overexpressed in various cancers such as squamous cell carcinoma (SSC) of the head and neck and gliomas. We constructed protein-drug conjugates based on the anti-EGFR Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein (DARPin) E01, and compared the bivalent DARPin dimer (DD1) and a DARPin-Fc (DFc) to the monomeric DARPin (DM) and the antibody derived scFv425-Fc (scFvFc) in cell culture and a mouse model. The modular conjugation system, which was successfully applied for the preparation of protein-drug and -dye conjugates, uses bio-orthogonal protein-aldehyde generation by the formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE). The generated carbonyl moiety is addressed by a bifunctional linker with a pyrazolone for a tandem Knoevenagel reaction and an azide for strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC). The latter reaction with a PEGylated linker containing a dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) for SPAAC and monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) as the toxin provided the stable conjugates DD1-MMAE (drug-antibody ratio, DAR = 2.0) and DFc-MMAE (DAR = 4.0) with sub-nanomolar cytotoxicity against the human squamous carcinoma derived A431 cells. In vivo imaging of Alexa Fluor 647-dye conjugates in A431-xenografted mice bearing subcutaneous tumors as the SCC model revealed unspecific binding of bivalent DARPins to the ubiquitously expressed EGFR. Tumor-targeting was verified 6 h post-injection solely for DD1 and scFvFc. The total of four administrations of 6.5 mg/kg DD1-MMAE or DFc-MMAE twice weekly did not cause any sequela in mice. MMAE conjugates showed no significant anti-tumor efficacy in vivo, but a trend towards increased necrotic areas (p = 0.2213) was observed for the DD1-MMAE (n = 5).
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12
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Rafidi H, Rajan S, Urban K, Shatz-Binder W, Hui K, Ferl GZ, Kamath AV, Boswell CA. Effect of molecular size on interstitial pharmacokinetics and tissue catabolism of antibodies. MAbs 2022; 14:2085535. [PMID: 35867780 PMCID: PMC9311319 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2022.2085535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in antibody engineering have enabled the construction of novel molecular formats in diverse shapes and sizes, providing new opportunities for biologic therapies and expanding the need to understand how various structural aspects affect their distribution properties. To assess the effect of antibody size on systemic pharmacokinetics (PK) and tissue distribution with or without neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) binding, we evaluated a series of non-mouse-binding anti-glycoprotein D monoclonal antibody formats, including IgG [~150 kDa], one-armed IgG [~100 kDa], IgG-HAHQ (attenuated FcRn binding) [~150 kDa], F(ab')2 [~100 kDa], and F(ab) [~50 kDa]. Tissue-specific concentration-time profiles were corrected for blood content based on vascular volumes and normalized based on interstitial volumes to allow estimation of interstitial concentrations and interstitial:serum concentration ratios. Blood correction demonstrated that the contribution of circulating antibody on total uptake was greatest at early time points and for highly vascularized tissues. Tissue interstitial PK largely mirrored serum exposure profiles. Similar interstitial:serum ratios were obtained for the two FcRn-binding molecules, IgG and one-armed IgG, which reached pseudo-steady-state kinetics in most tissues. For non-FcRn-binding molecules, interstitial:serum ratios changed over time, suggesting that these molecules did not reach steady-state kinetics during the study. Furthermore, concentration-time profiles of both intact and catabolized molecule were measured by a dual tracer approach, enabling quantification of tissue catabolism and demonstrating that catabolism levels were highest for IgG-HAHQ. Overall, these data sets provide insight into factors affecting preclinical distribution and may be useful in estimating interstitial concentrations and/or catabolism in human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Rafidi
- Departments of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sharmila Rajan
- Departments of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Konnie Urban
- Safety Assessment, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Whitney Shatz-Binder
- Protein Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Keliana Hui
- Departments of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Z Ferl
- Departments of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Biomedical Imaging, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amrita V Kamath
- Departments of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Andrew Boswell
- Departments of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Biomedical Imaging, Research and Early Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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13
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Viswanath DI, Liu HC, Huston DP, Chua CYX, Grattoni A. Emerging biomaterial-based strategies for personalized therapeutic in situ cancer vaccines. Biomaterials 2022; 280:121297. [PMID: 34902729 PMCID: PMC8725170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Landmark successes in oncoimmunology have led to development of therapeutics boosting the host immune system to eradicate local and distant tumors with impactful tumor reduction in a subset of patients. However, current immunotherapy modalities often demonstrate limited success when involving immunologically cold tumors and solid tumors. Here, we describe the role of various biomaterials to formulate cancer vaccines as a form of cancer immunotherapy, seeking to utilize the host immune system to activate and expand tumor-specific T cells. Biomaterial-based cancer vaccines enhance the cancer-immunity cycle by harnessing cellular recruitment and activation against tumor-specific antigens. In this review, we discuss biomaterial-based vaccine strategies to induce lymphocytic responses necessary to mediate anti-tumor immunity. We focus on strategies that selectively attract dendritic cells via immunostimulatory gradients, activate them against presented tumor-specific antigens, and induce effective cross-presentation to T cells in secondary lymphoid organs, thereby generating immunity. We posit that personalized cancer vaccines are promising targets to generate long-term systemic immunity against patient- and tumor-specific antigens to ensure long-term cancer remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixita Ishani Viswanath
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA; Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan & Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hsuan-Chen Liu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David P Huston
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan & Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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14
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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of T-Cell Bispecifics in the Tumour Interstitial Fluid. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122105. [PMID: 34959386 PMCID: PMC8705663 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics in plasma and tumour interstitial fluid of two T-cell bispecifics (TCBs) with different binding affinities to the tumour target and to assess the subsequent cytokine release in a tumour-bearing humanised mouse model. Pharmacokinetics (PK) as well as cytokine data were collected in humanised mice after iv injection of cibisatamab and CEACAM5-TCB which are binding with different binding affinities to the tumour antigen carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The PK data were modelled and coupled to a previously published physiologically based PK model. Corresponding cytokine release profiles were compared to in vitro data. The PK model provided a good fit to the data and precise estimation of key PK parameters. High tumour interstitial concentrations were observed for both TCBs, influenced by their respective target binding affinities. In conclusion, we developed a tailored experimental method to measure PK and cytokine release in plasma and at the site of drug action, namely in the tumour. Integrating those data into a mathematical model enabled to investigate the impact of target affinity on tumour accumulation and can have implications for the PKPD assessment of the therapeutic antibodies.
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15
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Iitani K, Ramamurthy SS, Ge X, Rao G. Transdermal sensing: in-situ non-invasive techniques for monitoring of human biochemical status. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 71:198-205. [PMID: 34455345 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Improving life expectancy necessitates prevention and early diagnosis of any disease state based on active self-monitoring of symptoms and longitudinal biochemical profiling. Non-invasive and continuous measurement of molecular biomarkers that reflect metabolism and health must however be established to realize this plan. Human samples non-invasively obtained via the skin are suitable in this context for in-situ biochemical monitoring. We present a brief classification of transdermal sampling in aqueous and gaseous phases and then introduce a new generation of transdermal monitoring devices for rapid and accurate assessment of important parameters. Finally, we have summarized the diversity of body-wide skin characteristics that have possible effects for transdermal sampling. Because of its passive nature, in-situ biochemical monitoring via transdermal sampling will potentially lead to a greater understanding of important biochemical markers and their temporal variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Iitani
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology (CAST), Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250 USA; Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University (TWIns), 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Sai Sathish Ramamurthy
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology (CAST), Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250 USA; STAR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Puttaparthi, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515134, India
| | - Xudong Ge
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology (CAST), Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250 USA
| | - Govind Rao
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology (CAST), Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250 USA.
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16
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Thurner GC, Haybaeck J, Debbage P. Targeting Drug Delivery in the Elderly: Are Nanoparticles an Option for Treating Osteoporosis? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8932. [PMID: 34445639 PMCID: PMC8396227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles bearing specific targeting groups can, in principle, accumulate exclusively at lesion sites bearing target molecules, and release therapeutic agents there. However, practical application of targeted nanoparticles in the living organism presents challenges. In particular, intravasally applied nanoparticles encounter physical and physiological barriers located in blood vessel walls, blocking passage from the blood into tissue compartments. Whereas small molecules can pass out of the blood, nanoparticles are too large and need to utilize physiological carriers enabling passage across endothelial walls. The issues associated with crossing blood-tissue barriers have limited the usefulness of nanoparticles in clinical applications. However, nanoparticles do not encounter blood-tissue barriers if their targets are directly accessible from the blood. This review focuses on osteoporosis, a disabling and common disease for which therapeutic strategies are limited. The target sites for therapeutic agents in osteoporosis are located in bone resorption pits, and these are in immediate contact with the blood. There are specific targetable biomarkers within bone resorption pits. These present nanomedicine with the opportunity to treat a major disease by use of simple nanoparticles loaded with any of several available effective therapeutics that, at present, cannot be used due to their associated side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun C. Thurner
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Paul Debbage
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 59, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Collins T, Pyne E, Christensen M, Iles A, Pamme N, Pires IM. Spheroid-on-chip microfluidic technology for the evaluation of the impact of continuous flow on metastatic potential in cancer models in vitro. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2021; 15:044103. [PMID: 34504636 PMCID: PMC8403013 DOI: 10.1063/5.0061373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The majority of cancer deaths are linked to tumor spread, or metastasis, but 3D in vitro metastasis models relevant to the tumor microenvironment (including interstitial fluid flow) remain an area of unmet need. Microfluidics allows us to introduce controlled flow to an in vitro cancer model to better understand the relationship between flow and metastasis. Here, we report new hybrid spheroid-on-chip in vitro models for the impact of interstitial fluid flow on cancer spread. We designed a series of reusable glass microfluidic devices to contain one spheroid in a microwell under continuous perfusion culture. Spheroids derived from established cancer cell lines were perfused with complete media at a flow rate relevant to tumor interstitial fluid flow. Spheroid viability and migratory/invasive capabilities were maintained on-chip when compared to off-chip static conditions. Importantly, using flow conditions modeled in vitro, we are the first to report flow-induced secretion of pro-metastatic factors, in this case cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin 6. In summary, we have developed a new, streamlined spheroid-on-chip in vitro model that represents a feasible in vitro alternative to conventional murine in vivo metastasis assays, including complex tumor environmental factors, such as interstitial fluid flow, extracellular matrices, and using 3D models to model nutrient and oxygen gradients. Our device, therefore, constitutes a robust alternative to in vivo early-metastasis models for determination of novel metastasis biomarkers as well as evaluation of therapeutically relevant molecular targets not possible in in vivo murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Collins
- Hypoxia and Tumour Microenvironment Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Pyne
- Hypoxia and Tumour Microenvironment Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Christensen
- Lab-on-a-Chip Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Iles
- Lab-on-a-Chip Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Pamme
- Lab-on-a-Chip Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
| | - Isabel M. Pires
- Hypoxia and Tumour Microenvironment Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
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18
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The Effect of Fluid Flow Shear Stress and Substrate Stiffness on Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) Activity and Osteogenesis in Murine Osteosarcoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133128. [PMID: 34201496 PMCID: PMC8268052 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone cancer originating in the mesenchymal lineage. Prognosis for metastatic disease is poor, with a mortality rate of approximately 40%; OS is an aggressive disease for which new treatments are needed. All bone cells are sensitive to their mechanical/physical surroundings and changes in these surroundings can affect their behavior. However, it is not well understood how OS cells specifically respond to fluid movement, or substrate stiffness-two stimuli of relevance in the tumor microenvironment. We used cells from spontaneous OS tumors in a mouse engineered to have a bone-specific knockout of pRb-1 and p53 in the osteoblast lineage. We silenced Sox2 (which regulates YAP) and tested the effect of fluid flow shear stress (FFSS) and substrate stiffness on YAP expression/activity-which was significantly reduced by loss of Sox2, but that effect was reversed by FFSS but not by substrate stiffness. Osteogenic gene expression was also reduced in the absence of Sox2 but again this was reversed by FFSS and remained largely unaffected by substrate stiffness. Thus we described the effect of two distinct stimuli on the mechanosensory and osteogenic profiles of OS cells. Taken together, these data suggest that modulation of fluid movement through, or stiffness levels within, OS tumors could represent a novel consideration in the development of new treatments to prevent their progression.
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Hummer J, Schwingenschuh S, Raml R, Boulgaropoulos B, Schwagerle G, Augustin T, Sinner F, Birngruber T. OFM-recirculation and OFM-suction: advanced in-vivo open flow microperfusion (OFM) methods for direct and absolute quantification of albumin in interstitial fluid. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2021; 6:065031. [PMID: 33843658 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/abc3a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To implement OFM-recirculation and OFM-suction capable of direct and absolute in-vivo quantification of albumin in the ISF of pigs. APPROACH OFM-recirculation and OFM-suction were used to collect ISF in-vivo in pigs and lymph was collected from the same pigs after OFM sampling. Blood was collected before and after OFM sampling, plasma was isolated and mean albumin plasma concentrations per pig were used to yield albumin ISF-to-plasma ratios. We characterized the quality of the collected undiluted ISF via (1) stable albumin ISF-to-plasma ratio in OFM-recirculation and in OFM-suction samples, (2) comparison of albumin ISF-to-plasma ratios from OFM-recirculation and OFM-suction and (3) comparison of normalized albumin concentrations in the ISF and lymph. MAIN RESULTS Both advanced OFM methods were successfully implemented and albumin was quantified from the collected ISF samples. OFM-recirculation reached stable albumin ISF-to-plasma ratios after 20 recirculation cycles. Absolute ISF albumin concentrations were 11.2 mg ml-1 (OFM-recirculation) and 14.2 mg ml-1 (OFM-suction). Albumin ISF-to-plasma ratios were 0.39 ± 0.04 (OFM -recirculation) and 0.47 ± 0.1 (OFM-suction). SIGNIFICANCE Knowledge of the ISF protein content is of major importance when assessing PK/PD effects, especially of highly protein bound drugs. Up to now, only blood albumin values have been available to determine the degree of protein binding in several tissues. OFM-recirculation and OFM-suction allow direct, absolute quantification of albumin in ISF for the first time and enable investigation of the degree of protein binding of a drug directly in its target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Hummer
- HEALTH-Institute for Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft m.b.H, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
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20
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Khaowroongrueng V, Jadhav SB, Syed M, Akbar M, Gertz M, Otteneder MB, Fueth M, Derendorf H. Pharmacokinetics and Determination of Tumor Interstitial Distribution of a Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody Using Large-Pore Microdialysis. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3061-3068. [PMID: 33819461 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
R7072 is a fully human monoclonal antibody (mAb) exerting anti-tumor activity via blockade of insulin like growth factor 1 receptor. The tumoral interstitial concentrations are anticipated to be better surrogates of active site concentrations than commonly used serum concentrations for pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation of anti-tumor mAbs. Previously, a large-pore microdialysis technique for measuring tissue interstitial concentrations of R7072 in non-tumor bearing mice was established. In the current studies, the serum pharmacokinetics of R7072 were assessed and tissue interstitial concentrations were measured by large-pore microdialysis following intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of R7072 in tumor bearing mice. R7072 exhibited nonlinear pharmacokinetics in the studied dose range. Tumor and subcutaneous interstitial concentration data suggested some delay in tissue distribution after dosing. A dose-dependent increase in the ratio of tumor interstitial to serum concentration was observed indicating target-mediated drug disposition in tumor tissue. However, subcutaneous interstitial to serum concentration ratios were similar across the doses as observed previously in non-tumor bearing mice. A two-compartment population pharmacokinetic model with subcutaneous and tumor as open-loop compartments comprising of parallel linear and non-linear elimination from serum, linear disposition from subcutaneous interstitium and non-linear disposition from tumor interstitium was developed to simultaneously describe the pharmacokinetic data from all matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipada Khaowroongrueng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Satyawan B Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Muzeeb Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mohammad Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Michael Gertz
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Science, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael B Otteneder
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Science, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Fueth
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Science, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Hartmut Derendorf
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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21
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Song J, Liu T, Yin Y, Zhao W, Lin Z, Yin Y, Lu D, You F. The deubiquitinase OTUD1 enhances iron transport and potentiates host antitumor immunity. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51162. [PMID: 33393230 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although iron is required for cell proliferation, iron-dependent programmed cell death serves as a critical barrier to tumor growth and metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that iron-mediated lipid oxidation also facilitates immune eradication of cancer. However, the regulatory mechanisms of iron metabolism in cancer remain unclear. Here we identify OTUD1 as the deubiquitinase of iron-responsive element-binding protein 2 (IREB2), selectively reduced in colorectal cancer. Clinically, downregulation of OTUD1 is highly correlated with poor outcome of cancer. Mechanistically, OTUD1 promotes transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFRC)-mediated iron transportation through deubiquitinating and stabilizing IREB2, leading to increased ROS generation and ferroptosis. Moreover, the presence of OTUD1 promotes the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which in turn recruits the leukocytes and strengthens host immune response. Reciprocally, depletion of OTUD1 limits tumor-reactive T-cell accumulation and exacerbates colon cancer progression. Our data demonstrate that OTUD1 plays a stimulatory role in iron transportation and highlight the importance of OTUD1-IREB2-TFRC signaling axis in host antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fuping You
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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22
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Tunçer S, Gurbanov R. A novel approach for the discrimination of culture medium from Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) overexpressing colorectal cancer cells. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2020-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The expression level of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is assumed as a prognostic marker for several tumor types, including colorectal cancer. Therefore, the determination of pre- and post-therapy levels of VEGF appears to have great value in the assessment of tumor prognosis. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is commonly used for the determination of serum or plasma VEGF levels, but the method is costly and time-consuming. In this study, we aimed to describe a rapid and cost-effective analysis method to discriminate VEGF overexpressing colorectal cancer-derived conditioned medium (CM).
Methods
Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR)-Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, combined with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), was used to differentiate VEGF overexpressing colorectal cancer cell line CM from CM obtained from the corresponding control cells which express and secrete relatively lower amount of VEGF.
Results
Samples belong to VEGF overexpressing colorectal cancer cells were clearly distinguished from the control group with very high PC scores as PC1 + PC2 = 96%. Besides, a 100% accurate distinction between these two groups was achieved by the LDA analysis.
Conclusions
ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition techniques was able to discriminate CM of VEGF overexpressing colorectal cancer cells with high efficiency and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Tunçer
- Bilecik Seyh Edebali Universitesi , Vocational School of Health Services Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques , Pelitözü Mah. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bulvarı No:27, Merkez , Bilecik , Turkey
- Bilecik Seyh Edebali Universitesi , Biotechnology Application and Research Center , Pelitözü Mah. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bulvarı No:27, Merkez , Bilecik , Turkey
| | - Rafig Gurbanov
- Bilecik Seyh Edebali Universitesi , Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Bilecik , Turkey
- Bilecik Seyh Edebali Universitesi , Biotechnology Application and Research Center , Bilecik , Turkey
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23
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Wang A, Rahman NT, McGeary MK, Murphy M, McHenry A, Peterson D, Bosenberg M, Flavell RA, King B, Damsky W. Treatment of granuloma annulare and suppression of proinflammatory cytokine activity with tofacitinib. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:1795-1809. [PMID: 33317858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granuloma annulare (GA) is a common cutaneous inflammatory disorder characterized by macrophage accumulation and activation in skin. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood, and there are no effective treatments. The potential health implications of severe GA are unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to better understand GA pathogenesis and evaluate a molecularly targeted treatment approach for this disease. METHODS We used single-cell RNA sequencing to study the immunopathogenesis of GA and also evaluated the efficacy of tofacitinib (a Janus kinase 1/3 inhibitor) in 5 patients with severe, long-standing GA in an open-label clinical trial. RESULTS Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we found that in GA lesions IFN-γ production by CD4+ T cells is upregulated and is associated with inflammatory polarization of macrophages and fibroblasts. In particular, macrophages upregulate oncostatin M, an IL-6 family cytokine, which appears to act on fibroblasts to alter extracellular matrix production, a hallmark of GA. IL-15 and IL-21 production appears to feed back on CD4+ T cells to sustain inflammation. Treatment of 5 patients with recalcitrant GA with tofacitinib inhibited IFN-γ and oncostatin M, as well as IL-15 and IL-21, activity and resulted in clinical and histologic disease remission in 3 patients and marked improvement in the other 2. Inhibition of these effects at the molecular level paralleled the clinical improvement. Evidence of systemic inflammation is also present in some patients with severe GA and is mitigated by tofacitinib. CONCLUSIONS The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway is activated in GA, likely in part through the activity of IFN-γ and oncostatin M, and Janus kinase inhibitors appear to be an effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Nur-Taz Rahman
- Bioinformatics Support Program, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Meaghan K McGeary
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Michael Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Austin McHenry
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Danielle Peterson
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Marcus Bosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Brett King
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.
| | - William Damsky
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.
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24
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Samant PP, Niedzwiecki MM, Raviele N, Tran V, Mena-Lapaix J, Walker DI, Felner EI, Jones DP, Miller GW, Prausnitz MR. Sampling interstitial fluid from human skin using a microneedle patch. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaaw0285. [PMID: 33239384 PMCID: PMC7871333 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tissue interstitial fluid (ISF) surrounds cells and is an underutilized source of biomarkers that complements conventional sources such as blood and urine. However, ISF has received limited attention due largely to lack of simple collection methods. Here, we developed a minimally invasive, microneedle-based method to sample ISF from human skin that was well tolerated by participants. Using a microneedle patch to create an array of micropores in skin coupled with mild suction, we sampled ISF from 21 human participants and identified clinically relevant and sometimes distinct biomarkers in ISF when compared to companion plasma samples based on mass spectrometry analysis. Many biomarkers used in research and current clinical practice were common to ISF and plasma. Because ISF does not clot, these biomarkers could be continuously monitored in ISF similar to current continuous glucose monitors but without requiring an indwelling subcutaneous sensor. Biomarkers distinct to ISF included molecules associated with systemic and dermatological physiology, as well as exogenous compounds from environmental exposures. We also determined that pharmacokinetics of caffeine in healthy adults and pharmacodynamics of glucose in children and young adults with diabetes were similar in ISF and plasma. Overall, these studies provide a minimally invasive method to sample dermal ISF using microneedles and demonstrate human ISF as a source of biomarkers that may enable research and translation for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradnya P Samant
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Megan M Niedzwiecki
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicholas Raviele
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Vilinh Tran
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Juan Mena-Lapaix
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Eric I Felner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Gary W Miller
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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25
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Xu K, Ahan A. A new dawn in the late stage of alveolar echinococcosis "parasite cancer". Med Hypotheses 2020; 142:109735. [PMID: 32344283 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, it is found that there is high concentration of potassium in tumor interstitial fluid, which causes "T cell exhaustion" and even autophagy of lymphocytes in tumors. The immune mechanism of the late stage of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is similar to that of tumor immunity. We speculate that the growth and development of the worm body, the necrosis of the worm body and the release of high concentrations of potassium after hepatocyte necrosis in the pathological process of AE may cause "T cell exhaustion" in AE patients. If this assumption can be confirmed experimentally, T cell adoptive transfer around the AE infiltration zone will be utilized to assist the treatment of AE patients with complex conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ayifuhan Ahan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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26
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Yu Y, Nyein HYY, Gao W, Javey A. Flexible Electrochemical Bioelectronics: The Rise of In Situ Bioanalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902083. [PMID: 31432573 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The amalgamation of flexible electronics in biological systems has shaped the way health and medicine are administered. The growing field of flexible electrochemical bioelectronics enables the in situ quantification of a variety of chemical constituents present in the human body and holds great promise for personalized health monitoring owing to its unique advantages such as inherent wearability, high sensitivity, high selectivity, and low cost. It represents a promising alternative to probe biomarkers in the human body in a simpler method compared to conventional instrumental analytical techniques. Various bioanalytical technologies are employed in flexible electrochemical bioelectronics, including ion-selective potentiometry, enzymatic amperometry, potential sweep voltammetry, field-effect transistors, affinity-based biosensing, as well as biofuel cells. Recent key innovations in flexible electrochemical bioelectronics from electrochemical sensing modalities, materials, systems, fabrication, to applications are summarized and highlighted. The challenges and opportunities in this field moving forward toward future preventive and personalized medicine devices are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yu
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Hnin Yin Yin Nyein
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Ali Javey
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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27
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Taylor Z, Marucho M. The Self-Adaptation Ability of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Enables Reliable Cancer Treatments. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E269. [PMID: 32033506 PMCID: PMC7075113 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Optimal procedures for reliable anti-cancer treatments involve the systematic delivery of zinc oxide nanoparticles, which spread through the circulatory system. The success of these procedures may largely depend on the NPs' ability of self-adapting their physicochemical properties to overcome the different challenges facing at each stage on its way to the interior of a cancerous cell. In this article, we combine a multiscale approach, a unique nanoparticle model, and available experimental data to characterize the behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles under different vessels rheology, pH levels, and biological environments. We investigate their ability to prevent aggregation, allow prolonged circulation time in the bloodstream, avoid clearance, conduct themselves through the capillarity system to reach damaged tissues, and selectively approach to target cancerous cells. Our results show that non-functionalized spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles with surface density N = 5.89 × 10-6 mol/m2, protonation and deprotonation rates pKa = 10.9 and pKb = -5.5, and NP size in the range of 20-50 nm are the most effective, smart anti-cancer agents for biomedical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane Taylor
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA;
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Marcelo Marucho
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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28
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Dunne M, Regenold M, Allen C. Hyperthermia can alter tumor physiology and improve chemo- and radio-therapy efficacy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 163-164:98-124. [PMID: 32681862 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthermia has demonstrated clinical success in improving the efficacy of both chemo- and radio-therapy in solid tumors. Pre-clinical and clinical research studies have demonstrated that targeted hyperthermia can increase tumor blood flow and increase the perfused fraction of the tumor in a temperature and time dependent manner. Changes in tumor blood circulation can produce significant physiological changes including enhanced vascular permeability, increased oxygenation, decreased interstitial fluid pressure, and reestablishment of normal physiological pH conditions. These alterations in tumor physiology can positively impact both small molecule and nanomedicine chemotherapy accumulation and distribution within the tumor, as well as the fraction of the tumor susceptible to radiation therapy. Hyperthermia can trigger drug release from thermosensitive formulations and further improve the accumulation, distribution, and efficacy of chemotherapy.
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29
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Elingaard-Larsen LO, Rolver MG, Sørensen EE, Pedersen SF. How Reciprocal Interactions Between the Tumor Microenvironment and Ion Transport Proteins Drive Cancer Progression. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:1-38. [PMID: 32737753 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors comprise two major components: the cancer cells and the tumor stroma. The stroma is a mixture of cellular and acellular components including fibroblasts, mesenchymal and cancer stem cells, endothelial cells, immune cells, extracellular matrix, and tumor interstitial fluid. The insufficient tumor perfusion and the highly proliferative state and dysregulated metabolism of the cancer cells collectively create a physicochemical microenvironment characterized by altered nutrient concentrations and varying degrees of hypoxia and acidosis. Furthermore, both cancer and stromal cells secrete numerous growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix proteins which further shape the tumor microenvironment (TME), favoring cancer progression.Transport proteins expressed by cancer and stromal cells localize at the interface between the cells and the TME and are in a reciprocal relationship with it, as both sensors and modulators of TME properties. It has been amply demonstrated how acid-base and nutrient transporters of cancer cells enable their growth, presumably by contributing both to the extracellular acidosis and the exchange of metabolic substrates and waste products between cells and TME. However, the TME also impacts other transport proteins important for cancer progression, such as multidrug resistance proteins. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the cellular and acellular components of solid tumors and their interrelationship with key ion transport proteins. We focus in particular on acid-base transport proteins with known or proposed roles in cancer development, and we discuss their relevance for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line O Elingaard-Larsen
- Translational Type 2 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Michala G Rolver
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ester E Sørensen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine F Pedersen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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30
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Sullivan MR, Lewis CA, Muir A. Isolation and Quantification of Metabolite Levels in Murine Tumor Interstitial Fluid by LC/MS. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3427. [PMID: 33654924 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease characterized by altered metabolism, and there has been renewed interest in understanding the metabolism of tumors. Even though nutrient availability is a critical determinant of tumor metabolism, there has been little systematic study of the nutrients directly available to cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Previous work characterizing the metabolites present in the tumor interstitial fluid has been restricted to the measurement of a small number of nutrients such as glucose and lactate in a limited number of samples. Here we adapt a centrifugation-based method of tumor interstitial fluid isolation readily applicable to a number of sample types and a mass spectrometry-based method for the absolute quantitation of many metabolites in interstitial fluid samples. In this method, tumor interstitial fluid (TIF) is analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) using both isotope dilution and external standard calibration to derive absolute concentrations of targeted metabolites present in interstitial fluid. The use of isotope dilution allows for accurate absolute quantitation of metabolites, as other methods of quantitation are inadequate for determining nutrient concentrations in biological fluids due to matrix effects that alter the apparent concentration of metabolites depending on the composition of the fluid in which they are contained. This method therefore can be applied to measure the absolute concentrations of many metabolites in interstitial fluid from diverse tumor types, as well as most other biological fluids, allowing for characterization of nutrient levels in the microenvironment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Sullivan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Caroline A Lewis
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Alexander Muir
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
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31
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Xuan L, Ren L, Han F, Gong L, Wan Z, Yang S, Liu H, Lv Y, Liu L. Cytomegalovirus Infection Exacerbates Experimental Colitis by Promoting IL-23 Production. Inflammation 2019; 43:326-335. [PMID: 31701354 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated an association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, CMV infection is more common in patients with severe or steroid-refractory IBD. However, it is not clarified whether CMV worsens IBD or if it is merely a surrogate marker for IBD. Here, we used the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model to investigate if CMV infection exacerbates colitis. The mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10 MOI of murine CMV (MCMV) and thereafter, chronic colitis was induced by one cycle of DSS exposure. Anti-IL-23R mAb at 20 μg/mice and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an effective NF-κB inhibitor, at 50 mg/kg were administrated to the mice. The MCMV-infected mice had a shorter colon length and a higher histopathology score than the mock inoculum-treated mice, while anti-IL-23R mAb administration ameliorated the pathological changes. Expression of IL-23, phospho-NF-κB p65, and phospho-IκBα was upregulated in colon tissues of the MCMV-infected mice compared to mock inoculum-treated mice, while treatment with PDTC attenuated colonic IL-23 production. These data demonstrated that CMV infection could accelerate IBD development. This effect may be due to its activation on NF-κB signaling pathway and subsequently IL-23 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lulu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Feifei Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lili Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zirui Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yali Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Beijing, 100020, China.
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32
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DelNero P, Hopkins BD, Cantley LC, Fischbach C. Cancer metabolism gets physical. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/442/eaaq1011. [PMID: 29794058 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaq1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived culture models enable assessment of drug sensitivity and can connect personalized genomics with therapeutic options. However, their clinical translation is constrained by limited fidelity. We outline how the physical microenvironment regulates cell metabolism and describe how engineered culture systems could enhance the predictive power for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter DelNero
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Claudia Fischbach
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. .,Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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33
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Losada-Barragán M, Umaña-Pérez A, Rodriguez-Vega A, Cuervo-Escobar S, Azevedo R, Morgado FN, de Frias Carvalho V, Aquino P, Carvalho PC, Porrozzi R, Sánchez-Gómez M, Padron G, Cuervo P. Proteomic profiling of splenic interstitial fluid of malnourished mice infected with Leishmania infantum reveals defects on cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory response. J Proteomics 2019; 208:103492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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34
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Bartlett DW, Wu A, Li X, Kraus M, Wang H, Kindt E. Development of an In Vivo Retrodialysis Calibration Method Using Stable Isotope Labeling to Monitor Metabolic Pathways in the Tumor Microenvironment via Microdialysis. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3124-3129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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35
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Kikuchi R, Iwai Y, Tsuji T, Watanabe Y, Koyama N, Yamaguchi K, Nakamura H, Aoshiba K. Hypercapnic tumor microenvironment confers chemoresistance to lung cancer cells by reprogramming mitochondrial metabolism in vitro. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:200-214. [PMID: 30639568 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment has previously been reported to be hypercapnic (as high as ~84 mmHg), although its effect on tumor cell behaviors is unknown. In this study, high CO2 levels, ranging from 5% to 15%, protected lung cancer cells from anticancer agents, such as cisplatin, carboplatin and etoposide, by suppressing apoptosis. The cytoprotective effect of a high CO2 level was independent of acidosis and was due to mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming that reduced mitochondrial respiration, as assessed by oxygen consumption, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial membrane and oxidative potentials, eventually leading to reduced reactive oxidant species production. In contrast, high CO2 levels did not affect cisplatin-mediated DNA damage responses or the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins. Although high CO2 levels inhibited glycolysis, this inhibition was not mechanistically involved in high CO2-mediated reductions in mitochondrial respiration, because a high CO2 concentration inhibited isolated mitochondria. A cytoprotective effect of high CO2 levels on mitochondria DNA-depleted cells was not noted, lending support to our conclusion that high CO2 levels act on mitochondria to reduce the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents. High CO2-mediated cytoprotection was also noted in a 3D culture system. In conclusion, the hypercapnic tumor microenvironment reprograms mitochondrial respiratory metabolism causing chemoresistance in lung cancer cells. Thus, tumor hypercapnia may represent a novel target to improve chemosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Yuki Iwai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Takao Tsuji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Watanabe
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, 780 Komuro, Ina-machi, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Koyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163 Tate-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 193-0998, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Kazutetsu Aoshiba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan.
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36
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Rojas JD, Borden MA, Dayton PA. Effect of Hydrostatic Pressure, Boundary Constraints and Viscosity on the Vaporization Threshold of Low-Boiling-Point Phase-Change Contrast Agents. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:968-979. [PMID: 30658858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The vaporization of low-boiling-point phase-change contrast agents (PCCAs) using ultrasound has been explored in vitro and in vivo. However, it has been reported that the pressure required for activation is higher in vivo, even after attenuation is accounted for. In this study, the effect of boundary constraints, hydrostatic pressure and viscosity on PCCA vaporization pressure threshold are evaluated to explore possible mechanisms for variations in in vivo vaporization behavior. Vaporization was measured in microtubes of varying inner diameter and a pressurized chamber under different hydrostatic pressures using a range of ultrasound pressures. Furthermore, the activation threshold was evaluated in the kidneys of rats. The results confirm that the vaporization threshold is higher in vivo and reveal an increasing activation threshold inversely proportional to constraining tube size and inversely proportional to surrounding viscosity in constrained environments. Counterintuitively, increased hydrostatic pressure had no significant effect experimentally on the PCCA vaporization threshold, although it was confirmed that this result was supported by homogeneous nucleation theory for liquid perfluorocarbon vaporization. These factors suggest that constraints caused by the surrounding tissue and capillary walls, as well as increased viscosity in vivo, contribute to the increased vaporization threshold compared with in vitro experiments, although more work is required to confirm all relevant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Rojas
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark A Borden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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37
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Qiao F, Pan P, Yan J, Sun J, Zong Y, Wu Z, Lu X, Chen N, Mi R, Ma Y, Ji Y. Role of tumor‑derived extracellular vesicles in cancer progression and their clinical applications (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1525-1533. [PMID: 30864674 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including micro‑vesicles and exosomes, are heterogeneous small membranous vesicles shed from the surface of myriad cells and are crucial in mediating intercellular communication. The vertical trafficking of cargo to the plasma membrane and subsequent redistribution of surface lipids may contribute to EV formation. Tumor‑derived extracellular vesicles (TD‑EVs) can carry complex, bioactive cargo, such as nucleic acids and proteins, during tumor metastasis. Paracrine information gets relayed by TD‑EVs to adjacent tumor cells and this allows a crosstalk between malignant cells. These structures may even move to a distant metastatic lesion and modulate the tumor microenvironment to form a premetastatic niche. Thus, TD‑EVs might be potential biomarkers for tumor development and metastasis. Additionally, EVs are promising candidates for use as cell‑free vaccines or as vehicles for the delivery of specific tumor therapeutic molecules. Genetically modified microvesicles and engineered exosomes have shed light on a novel strategy for tumor‑targeted gene therapy. This review focuses on the role of EVs in tumor development and metastasis and their possible applications in the advanced diagnosis and therapy of cancer and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhao Qiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xintai, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Peng Pan
- School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jiaping Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xintai, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xintai, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xintai, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xintai, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xintai, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xintai, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Rui Mi
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Yongbin Ma
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Ji
- School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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38
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Kolluru C, Williams M, Yeh JS, Noel RK, Knaack J, Prausnitz MR. Monitoring drug pharmacokinetics and immunologic biomarkers in dermal interstitial fluid using a microneedle patch. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:14. [PMID: 30725230 PMCID: PMC6533066 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-019-0363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Minimally invasive point-of-care diagnostic devices are of great interest for rapid detection of biomarkers in diverse settings. Although blood is the most common source of biomarkers, interstitial fluid (ISF) is an alternate body fluid that does not clot or contain red blood cells that often complicate analysis. However, ISF is difficult to collect. In this study, we assessed the utility of a microneedle patch to sample microliter volumes of ISF in a simple and minimally invasive manner. We demonstrated the use of ISF collected in this way for therapeutic drug monitoring by showing similar vancomycin pharmacokinetic profiles in ISF and serum from rats. We also measured polio-specific neutralizing antibodies and anti-polio IgG in ISF similar to serum in rats immunized with polio vaccine. These studies demonstrate the potential utility of ISF collected by microneedle patch in therapeutic drug monitoring and immunodiagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Kolluru
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Mikayla Williams
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jihee Stephanie Yeh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Richard K Noel
- Physiological Research Laboratory, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jennifer Knaack
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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39
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Song M, Cubillos-Ruiz JR. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Responses in Intratumoral Immune Cells: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:128-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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40
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Sousa AA. Impact of soft protein interactions on the excretion, extent of receptor occupancy and tumor accumulation of ultrasmall metal nanoparticles: a compartmental model simulation. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26927-26941. [PMID: 35528561 PMCID: PMC9070572 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04718b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasmall metal nanoparticles (NPs) are next-generation nano-based platforms for in vivo disease diagnosis and treatment. Due to their small size below the kidney filtration threshold and marked resistance to nonspecific serum protein adsorption, ultrasmall NPs can be rapidly excreted through the kidneys and escape liver uptake. However, although ultrasmall particles may be deemed highly resistant to protein adsorption, the real extent of this resistance is not known. Here, a simple compartmental model simulation was therefore implemented to understand how NP behavior in vivo could be modulated by soft, transient NP–plasma protein interactions characterized by dissociation constants in the millimolar range. In Model 1, ultrasmall NPs functionalized with a targeting probe, plasma proteins and target receptors were assumed to co-exist within a single compartment. Simulations were performed to understand the synergistic effect of soft interactions, systemic clearance and NP size on receptor occupancy in the single compartment. The results revealed the existence of a narrow range of ultraweak affinities and optimal particle sizes leading to greater target occupancy. In Model 2, simulations were performed to understand the impact of soft interactions on NP accumulation into a peripheral (tumor) compartment. The results revealed that soft interactions – but not active targeting – enhanced tumor uptake levels when tumor accumulation was limited by ‘fast’ plasma clearance and ‘slow’ vascular extravasation. The simple model presented here provides a basic framework to quantitatively understand the blood and tumor pharmacokinetics of ultrasmall NPs under the influence of transient protein interactions. A compartmental model simulation shows that the blood and tumor pharmacokinetics of ultrasmall metal nanoparticles can be modulated by soft interactions with plasma proteins.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alioscka A. Sousa
- Department of Biochemistry
- Federal University of São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
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41
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Raza F, Zafar H, You X, Khan A, Wu J, Ge L. Cancer nanomedicine: focus on recent developments and self-assembled peptide nanocarriers. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:7639-7655. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01842e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The applications of nanoparticulate drug delivery have received abundant interest in the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Pharmaceutics
| | - Hajra Zafar
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Xinru You
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong, Province
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Asifullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong, Province
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- China
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42
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Ura B, Di Lorenzo G, Romano F, Monasta L, Mirenda G, Scrimin F, Ricci G. Interstitial Fluid in Gynecologic Tumors and Its Possible Application in the Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124018. [PMID: 30545144 PMCID: PMC6321738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers are an important cause of worldwide mortality. The interstitium consists of solid and fluid phases, situated between the blood vessels and cells. The interstitial fluid (IF), or fluid phase, is an extracellular fluid bathing and surrounding the tissue cells. The TIF (tumor interstitial fluid) is a dynamic fluid rich in lipids, proteins and enzyme-derived substances. The molecules found in the IF may be associated with pathological changes in tissues leading to cancer growth and metastatization. Proteomic techniques have allowed an extensive study of the composition of the TIF as a source of biomarkers for gynecologic cancers. In our review, we analyze the composition of the TIF, its formation process, the sampling methods, the consequences of its accumulation and the proteomic analyses performed, that make TIF valuable for monitoring different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Mirenda
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Federica Scrimin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
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43
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Carcinogenesis: the cancer cell–mast cell connection. Inflamm Res 2018; 68:103-116. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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44
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Haslene-Hox H. Measuring gradients in body fluids - A tool for elucidating physiological processes, diagnosis and treatment of disease. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 489:233-241. [PMID: 30145208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Haslene-Hox
- SINTEF Industry, Department of biotechnology and nanomedicine, Sem Sælands vei 2A, 7034 Trondheim, Norway.
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45
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Simulation of Stimuli-Responsive and Stoichiometrically Controlled Release Rate of Doxorubicin from Liposomes in Tumor Interstitial Fluid. Pharm Res 2018; 35:103. [PMID: 29557075 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To simulate the stimuli-responsive and stoichiometrically controlled doxorubicin (DOX) release from liposomes in in vivo tumor interstitial fluid (TIF), the effect of ammonia concentration and pH on the DOX release from liposomes in human plasma at 37°C was quantitatively evaluated in vitro and the release rate was calculated as a function of ammonia concentration and pH. METHODS Human plasma samples spiked with DOX-loaded PEGylated liposomes (PLD) or Doxil®, containing ammonia (0.3-50 mM) at different pH values, were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. After incubation, the concentration of encapsulated DOX in the samples was determined by validated solid-phase extraction (SPE)-SPE-high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Accelerated DOX release (%) from liposomes was observed as the increase of ammonia concentration and pH of the matrix, and the decrease of encapsulated DOX concentration. The release rate was expressed as a function of the ammonia concentration and pH by using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. CONCLUSIONS The DOX release from PLD in TIF was expressed as a function ammonia concentration and pH at various DOX concentrations. Further, it was found that the DOX release from liposomes in a simulated TIF was more than 15 times higher than in normal plasma.
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46
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Krashin E, Ellis M, Cohen K, Viner M, Neumark E, Rashid G, Ashur-Fabian O. Chemical and thyroid hormone profile of the bone marrow interstitial fluid in hematologic disorders and patients without primary hematologic disorders. Hematol Oncol 2018; 36:445-450. [PMID: 29380910 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow interstitial fluid (BMIF) has not been well characterized. BMIF was isolated from 60 patients including plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD, n = 33), other primary hematologic disorders (OHD, n = 15), and patients with secondary or nonhemtologic disorders (NHD, n = 12) and analyzed for an array of chemical constituents. These included total cholesterol, glucose, phosphate, creatinine, urea, total protein, albumin, globulins, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, sodium, osmolarity, free triiodothyronine (free T3), total triiodothyronine (total T3), and free tetraiodothyronine (free T4). Levels of BMIF components were compared between patient groups and to plasma levels. Compared with plasma, total cholesterol, total protein, total bilirubin, sodium, and calculated osmolarity were lower in BMIF in all groups (P < 0.05). Calculated globulins and aspartate aminotransferase were lower in BMIF of PCD patients and patients with NHD. Albumin was lower in BMIF of patients with PCD and patients with OHD. Lastly, free T4 was significantly higher in BMIF of patients with PCD and patients with OHD. Similar results were demonstrated in a separate analysis performed in patients with multiple myeloma. To conclude, the chemical and thyroid hormone composition of BMIF differs significantly from plasma in several key constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilon Krashin
- Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
| | - Martin Ellis
- Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Keren Cohen
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Viner
- Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
| | - Eran Neumark
- Clinical Laboratories, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Gloria Rashid
- Clinical Laboratories, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Osnat Ashur-Fabian
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Abstract
Tumor interstitial fluid (TIF) surrounds and perfuses bodily tumorigenic tissues and cells, and can accumulate by-products of tumors and stromal cells in a relatively local space. Interstitial fluid offers several important advantages for biomarker and therapeutic target discovery, especially for cancer. Here, we describe the most currently accepted method for recovering TIF from tumor and nonmalignant tissues that was initially performed using breast cancer tissue. TIF recovery is achieved by passive extraction of fluid from small, surgically dissected tissue specimens in phosphate-buffered saline. We also present protocols for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of snap-frozen and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor sections and for proteomic profiling of TIF and matched tumor samples by high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) to enable comparative analysis of tumor secretome and paired tumor tissue.
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48
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Hou G, Wang Y, Lou X, Liu S. Combination Strategy of Quantitative Proteomics Uncovers the Related Proteins of Colorectal Cancer in the Interstitial Fluid of Colonic Tissue from the AOM-DSS Mouse Model. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1788:185-192. [PMID: 29139078 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2017_88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative proteome analysis using iTRAQ is an important technique to find disease-related proteins. As an important component of tumor microenvironment, tissue interstitial fluid (TIF) has drawn a great attention for its potential as a source for exploration of the solid tumor biomarkers. On the basis of a mouse model of colorectal cancer (CRC) that was induced by the carcinogenetic reagents, we adopted a quantitative proteome analysis with iTRAQ to discover the CRC-related proteins in the TIFs and with MRM to evaluate the corresponding abundance changes in the individual mouse TIF and serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixue Hou
- BGI-SHEHZHEN, Yantian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Yantian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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49
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Papaleo E, Gromova I, Gromov P. Gaining insights into cancer biology through exploration of the cancer secretome using proteomic and bioinformatic tools. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 14:1021-1035. [PMID: 28967788 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1387053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor-associated proteins released by cancer cells and by tumor stroma cells, referred as 'cancer secretome', represent a valuable resource for discovery of potential cancer biomarkers. The last decade was marked by a great increase in number of studies focused on various aspects of cancer secretome including, composition and identification of components externalized by malignant cells and by the components of tumor microenvironment. Areas covered: Here, we provide an overview of achievements in the proteomic analysis of the cancer secretome, elicited through the tumor-associated interstitial fluid recovered from malignant tissues ex vivo or the protein component of conditioned media obtained from cultured cancer cells in vitro. We summarize various bioinformatic tools and approaches and critically appraise their outcomes, focusing on problems and challenges that arise when applied for the analysis of cancer secretomic databases. Expert commentary: Recent achievements in the omics- analysis of structural and metabolic aspects of altered cancer secretome contribute greatly to the various hallmarks of cancer including the identification of clinically significant biomarkers and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Papaleo
- a Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Computational Biology Laboratory , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Irina Gromova
- b Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Genome Integrity Unit, Breast Cancer Biology Group , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Pavel Gromov
- b Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Genome Integrity Unit, Breast Cancer Biology Group , Copenhagen , Denmark
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50
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Tsuchida J, Nagahashi M, Takabe K, Wakai T. Clinical Impact of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Breast Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:2076239. [PMID: 28912626 PMCID: PMC5585627 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2076239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer metastasizes to lymph nodes or other organs, which determine the prognosis of patients. It is difficult to cure the breast cancer patients with distant metastasis due to resistance to drug therapies. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance is expected to provide new therapeutic targets. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic, bioactive lipid mediator that regulates many cellular functions, including proliferation, migration, survival, angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis, and immune responses. S1P is formed in cells by sphingosine kinases and released from them, which acts in an autocrine, paracrine, and/or endocrine manner. S1P in extracellular space, such as interstitial fluid, interacts with components in the tumor microenvironment, which may be important for metastasis. Importantly, recent translational research has demonstrated an association between S1P levels in breast cancer patients and clinical outcomes, highlighting the clinical importance of S1P in breast cancer. We suggest that S1P is one of the key molecules to overcome the resistance to the drug therapies, such as hormonal therapy, anti-HER2 therapy, or chemotherapy, all of which are crucial aspects of a breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Tsuchida
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Breast Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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