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Cao P, Xiang S, Liu S, Feng Y, Zhang X, Wu Q, Hou J, Liu H, Cheng D, Liu X. Isolation of an α-glucosidase Inhibitor from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. and Its In vitro and In vivo Hypoglycemic Bioactivity. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024:10.1007/s11130-024-01217-3. [PMID: 39133356 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The Houttuynia cordata Thunb. belongs to the Saururaceae family and is a well-known medicine and food homologous plant. Herein, the isolation of an α-glucosidase inhibitor from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. and characterization of its in vitro and in vivo hypoglycemic bioactivities are reported. We optimized the extraction conditions and isolated neochlorogenic acid (nCGA), which has α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. for the first time. nCGA competed with glucose for the α-glucosidase binding site, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.711 mg/mL. In vivo experiments in zebrafish showed that effects of nCGA on blood glucose varied by its concentrations. In particular, 4 mg/L nCGA significantly decreased the blood glucose level and inhibited effects of α-glucosidase in zebrafish. This work provides a theoretical basis for the extraction of hypoglycemic active ingredients from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. and a foundation for the development of natural and effective α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China
| | - Shiyin Xiang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jing Brand Co., Ltd, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China
| | - Shixin Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China
| | - Jianjun Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China
| | - Dan Cheng
- Guangzhou NutraPio Health Industry Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xixia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, Hubei province, China.
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Catalano A, Ceramella J, Iacopetta D, Marra M, Conforti F, Lupi FR, Gabriele D, Borges F, Sinicropi MS. Aloe vera-An Extensive Review Focused on Recent Studies. Foods 2024; 13:2155. [PMID: 38998660 PMCID: PMC11241682 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, Aloe vera L. (AV) has attracted scientific interest because of its multiple cosmetic and medicinal properties, attributable to compounds present in leaves and other parts of the plant. The collected literature data show that AV and its products have a beneficial influence on human health, both by topical and oral use, as juice or an extract. Several scientific studies demonstrated the numerous biological activities of AV, including, for instance, antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, and antifungal. Moreover, its important antidepressant activity in relation to several diseases, including skin disorders (psoriasis, acne, and so on) and prediabetes, is a growing field of research. This comprehensive review intends to present the most significant and recent studies regarding the plethora of AV's biological activities and an in-depth analysis exploring the component/s responsible for them. Moreover, its morphology and chemical composition are described, along with some studies regarding the single components of AV available in commerce. Finally, valorization studies and a discussion about the metabolism and toxicological aspects of this "Wonder Plant" are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Marra
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca R Lupi
- Department of Information, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering, (D.I.M.E.S.), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39C, CS, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Gabriele
- Department of Information, Modeling, Electronics and System Engineering, (D.I.M.E.S.), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 39C, CS, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS-Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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Hameed A, Tariq M, Sadia S, Alam MR, Haider A, Wahedi HM. Aloesin-loaded chitosan/cellulose-based scaffold promotes skin tissue regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133030. [PMID: 38857730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Skin wound healing and regeneration is very challenging across the world as simple or acute wounds can be transformed into chronic wounds or ulcers due to foreign body invasion, or diseases like diabetes or cancer. The study was designed to develop a novel bioactive scaffold, by loading aloesin to chitosan-coated cellulose scaffold, to cure full-thickness skin wounds. The physiochemical characterization of the scaffold was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) facilitated by energy-dispersive spectrophotometer (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicated the successful coating of chitosan and aloesin on cellulose without any physical damage. The drug release kinetics confirmed the sustained release of aloesin by showing a cumulative release of up to 88 % over 24 h. The biocompatibility of the aloesin-loaded chitosan/cellulose (AlCsCFp) scaffold was evaluated by the WST-8 assay that confirmed the significantly increased adherence and proliferation of fibroblasts on the AlCsCFp scaffold. The in vivo wound healing study showed that both 0.05 % and 0.025 % AlCsCFp scaffolds have significantly higher wound closure rates (i.e. 88.2 % and 95.6 % approximately) as compared to other groups. This showed that novel composite scaffold has a wound healing ability. Furthermore, histological and gene expression analysis demonstrated that the scaffold also induced cell migration, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, and tissue granulation formation. Thus, it is concluded that the aloesin-loaded chitosan/cellulose-based scaffold has great therapeutic potential for being used in wound healing applications in the clinical setting in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasia Hameed
- Department of Biomedicine, Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences & Technology, Sector H-12, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Abid Majeed Road, 46000 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Tariq
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Abid Majeed Road, 46000 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Sadia
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Abid Majeed Road, 46000 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - M Rizwan Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad Capital Territory 45320, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Haider
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Abid Majeed Road, 46000 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Mustatab Wahedi
- Department of Biomedicine, Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences & Technology, Sector H-12, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan.
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El-Mouty Raslan MA, Kassem IAA, Ghaly NS, El-Manawaty MA, Melek FR, Nabil M. Aloe juvenna Brandham & S.Carter as α-Amylase Inhibitor and Hypoglycaemic Agent with Anti-inflammatory Properties for Diabetes Management. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400245. [PMID: 38436134 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite Aloe's traditional use, Aloe juvenna Brandham & S.Carter is poorly characterized. Other Aloes are known for their antidiabetic activity. This study describes the antidiabetic potentials and phytoconstituents of the A. juvenna leaves methanolic extract (AJME). Twenty-six phytoconstituents of AJME were described using HPLC/MS-MS. Lupeol and vitexin were isolated using column chromatography. The antidiabetic activity of AJME was investigated using an in vivo high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model and in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity assays. AJME demonstrated its α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50=313±39.9 ppm) with no effect on α-glucosidase. In vivo, AJME dose-dependently improved hyperglycaemia in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Notably, the higher dose (1600 mg/kg) of AJME significantly downregulated serum interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 genes, suggesting its anti-inflammatory effect. These findings indicate AJME's potential as a significant antidiabetic agent through its α-amylase inhibition, hypoglycaemic, and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abd El-Mouty Raslan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Iman AbdelKhalek AbdelKhalek Kassem
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Neveen Sabry Ghaly
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - May Aly El-Manawaty
- Drug Bioassay-Cell Culture Laboratory, Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Farouk Rasmy Melek
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marian Nabil
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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Patel O, Muller CJF, Joubert E, Rosenkranz B, Louw J, Awortwe C. Aspalathin-rich green rooibos tea in combination with glyburide and atorvastatin enhances lipid metabolism in a db/db mouse model. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2022; 3:963489. [PMID: 36992750 PMCID: PMC10012079 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2022.963489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), an indigenous South African plant and its major flavonoid, aspalathin, exhibited positive effects on glycemia and dyslipidemia in animal studies. Limited evidence exists on the effects of rooibos extract taken in combination with oral hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering medications. This study investigated the combined effects of a pharmaceutical grade aspalathin-rich green rooibos extract (GRT) with the sulfonylurea, glyburide, and atorvastatin in a type 2 diabetic (db/db) mouse model. Six-week-old male db/db mice and their nondiabetic lean db+ littermates were divided into 8 experimental groups (n=6/group). Db/db mice were treated orally with glyburide (5 mg/kg bodyweight), atorvastatin (80 mg/kg bodyweight) and GRT (100 mg/kg bodyweight) as mono- and combination therapies respectively, for 5 weeks. An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was conducted at 3 weeks of treatment. Serum was collected for lipid analyses and liver tissues for histological examination and gene expression. A significant increase in the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of the db/db mice compared to their lean counterparts (from 7.98 ± 0.83 to 26.44 ± 1.84, p < 0.0001) was observed. Atorvastatin reduced cholesterol (from 4.00 ± 0.12 to 2.93 ± 0.13, p < 0.05) and triglyceride levels (from 2.77 ± 0.50 to 1.48 ± 0.23, p < 0.05). In db/db mice, the hypotriglyceridemic effect of atorvastatin was enhanced when combined with both GRT and glyburide (from 2.77 ± 0.50 to 1.73 ± 0.35, p = 0.0002). Glyburide reduced the severity and pattern of steatotic lipid droplet accumulation from a mediovesicular type across all lobular areas, whilst combining GRT with glyburide reduced the abundance and severity of lipid droplet accumulation in the centri- and mediolobular areas. The combination of GRT, glyburide and atorvastatin reduced the abundance and severity of lipid accumulation and the intensity score compared to the administered drugs alone. The addition of either GRT or glyburide in combination with atorvastatin had no effect on blood glucose or lipid profiles, but significantly reduced lipid droplet accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oelfah Patel
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Tygerberg, South Africa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Christo J. F. Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Tygerberg, South Africa
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Christo J. F. Muller,
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
- Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Bernd Rosenkranz
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Johan Louw
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Charles Awortwe
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Tygerberg, South Africa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Traditional Medicine Use among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in KZN. ADVANCES IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7334080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Traditional medicine (TM) is widely used in both developing and developed countries to assist in the attempt to curtail the prevalence and increase in diabetes mellitus. Approximately 53% of South Africans use TM to prevent and treat their diseases. There is no conclusive evidence regarding the safety and effectiveness of TM versus prescribed medicine. The most common therapies used by diabetics in Africa include herbal treatments, nutritional products, spiritual healing, and relaxation techniques. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the use of TM in patients with T2DM who are on chronic therapy and living in KwaZulu-Natal. Method. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a district hospital, in which purposive sampling was used to recruit participants and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Information collected included demographic data, information pertaining to home remedies/TM, and self-care practices employed by participants while using TM. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-squared test, t-test, and multivariate logistic regressions to determine predictors of TM usage. Results. Only 92 (27%) of 340 participants reported using TM, with Indians being the most frequent users (58.24%). Approximately, 83.72% (n = 72) used TM in conjunction with prescribed medication. Most participants (56.32%) acquired TM knowledge from family. The most frequently used TM was lemon and honey, Aloe vera, bitter gourd, green tea, and cinnamon. Traditional medicine use among African participants was 0.56 times (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.93) lower than Indian participants. There were no significant predictors for TM usage among the variables tested. Conclusion. A low prevalence rate of TM usage in T2DM patients was found. A significant correlation was noted between ethnicity and TM use. Large-scale studies are required to determine the additive and synergistic effects of TM in health care. Consideration should also be given to integrating TM into mainstream health care.
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Rahman M, Islam R, Rabbi F, Islam MT, Sultana S, Ahmed M, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Behl T. Bioactive Compounds and Diabetes Mellitus: Prospects and Future Challenges. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1304-1320. [PMID: 35418280 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220412090808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition that influences the endocrine framework. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are two of the most widely recognized metabolic irregularities in diabetes, just as two of the most well-known reasons for diabetic intricacies. Diabetes mellitus is a persistent illness brought about by metabolic irregularities in hyperglycemic pancreatic cells. Hyperglycemia can be brought about by an absence of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas (Type 1 diabetes mellitus) or inadequate insulin creation that does not work effectively (Type 2 diabetes mellitus). Present diabetes medication is directed toward directing blood glucose levels in the systemic circulation to the typical levels. Numerous advanced prescription medicines have many negative results that can bring about unexpected severe issues during treatment of the bioactive compound from a different source that is beneficially affected by controlling, adjusting metabolic pathways or cycles. Moreover, a few new bioactive medications disengaged from plants have shown antidiabetic action with more noteworthy adequacy than the oral hypoglycemic agent that specialists have utilized in clinical treatment lately. Since bioactive mixtures are collected from familiar sources, they have a great activity in controlling diabetes mellitus. This study discusses bioactive compounds and their activity to manage diabetes mellitus and their prospects. Though bioactive compound has many health beneficial properties, adequate clinical studies still need to gain large acknowledge that they are effective in the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sharifa Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Zhang Y, Yu X, Wang M, Ding Y, Guo H, Liu J, Cheng Y. Hyperoside from Z. bungeanum leaves restores insulin secretion and mitochondrial function by regulating pancreatic cellular redox status in diabetic mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:412-422. [PMID: 33161043 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by peripheral insulin resistance and insufficient insulin secretion caused by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of caspases in mitochondria inhibit insulin secretion and promote apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells. Studies have demonstrated that positive correlation between the consumption of flavonoid-rich diets and diabetes prevention. Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves have been used as food for a long time and are rich in flavonoids with strong radical scavenging abilities. We and others have identified hyperoside as the major bioactive component of total flavonoids exacted from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves. We hypothesize that hyperoside from Z. bungeanum leaves (HZL) may prevent T2DM by inhibiting excessive ROS formation and reducing pancreatic β-cells apoptosis. In current study, HZL was administered to high fat diet and alloxan-induced diabetic mice, and appeared to significantly ameliorate the damage of glucose metabolism and insulin secretion as well as restore the structural integrity of pancreas, and inhibit β-cell apoptosis. Pancreatic antioxidant enzyme activities were also restored by HZL supplementation. In cultured MIN6 cells, which produce and secret insulin, HZL treatment restored insulin secretion through inhibiting the expression of TXNIP and lowering intracellular calcium concentration. These observations mechanistically linked the beneficial effects of HZL with the regulation on cellular redox status and mitochondrial function. Taken together, our findings suggest that HZL has protective effect on pancreatic β-cell function and may be a beneficial nutritional supplementation for prevention and adjuvant therapy of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Mimi Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Yan Ding
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China.
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Mostofa R, Begum R, Wang H, Begum MM, Karim R, Begum T, Siddiquee NA, Sultana R, Sultana S, Kabir AKL, Alam S, Nova TT. Promising anitidiabetic potential of Cuscuta reflexa leaves methanol extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-00169-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Cuscuta reflexa (C. reflexa) Roxb. (Convolvulaceae) has medicinal properties for the effective management of several aliments including diabetes mellitus, inflammation, and gastric ulcer.
Objective
The present investigation focuses on the antidiabetic potential of C. reflexa leaves methanol extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Materials and methods
The antidiabetic activity of C. reflexa leaves methanol extract (CRME) was evaluated using alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar albino rats. The duration of the study was 45 days. Diabetic model was developed by i.p. administration of alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg). Ingestion of CRME (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day) and standard (gliclazide, 10 mg/kg/day) was done via oral route from the day of diabetes induction and continued up to 45 days. The effect of CRME was investigated by evaluating the blood glucose concentrations, HbA1C, insulin, lipid profile and liver function test. Further, the protective potentials of CRME were studied by histopathology of the pancreas, liver, and kidney tissues from experimental rats.
Results
CRME showed significant (p < 0.01 at all doses) reduction of blood glucose level (137.1 ± 5.8, 125.9 ± 6.5, and 109.5 ± 5.4 mg/dL at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively) as compared to the diabetic control (249.7 ± 7.3 mg/dL). Moreover, CRME at the highest dose decreased HbA1C and improved insulin levels (3.96% and 11 ng/ml, respectively) when compared with diabetic control group (7.55% and 6.5 ng/ml, respectively). CRME also revealed pronounced improvement in liver function test and lipid profile test when compared to the diabetic control. Furthermore, CRME notably reversed the histopathological changes that observed in alloxan-induced diabetes.
Conclusion
Our research exertion clearly demonstrates that CRME can be explored as a substantial antidiabetic and organ protective agent in the management of diabetes.
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Tran N, Pham B, Le L. Bioactive Compounds in Anti-Diabetic Plants: From Herbal Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E252. [PMID: 32872226 PMCID: PMC7563488 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural products, including organisms (plants, animals, or microorganisms) have been shown to possess health benefits for animals and humans. According to the estimation of the World Health Organization, in developing countries, 80% of the population has still depended on traditional medicines or folk medicines which are mostly prepared from the plant for prevention or treatment diseases. Traditional medicine from plant extracts has proved to be more affordable, clinically effective and relatively less adverse effects than modern drugs. Literature shows that the attention on the application of phytochemical constituents of medicinal plants in the pharmaceutical industry has increased significantly. Plant-derived secondary metabolites are small molecules or macromolecules biosynthesized in plants including steroids, alkaloids, phenolic, lignans, carbohydrates and glycosides, etc. that possess a diversity of biological properties beneficial to humans, such as their antiallergic, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antioxidant activities Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease result of metabolic disorders in pancreas β-cells that have hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can be caused by a deficiency of insulin production by pancreatic (Type 1 diabetes mellitus) or insufficiency of insulin production in the face of insulin resistance (Type 2 diabetes mellitus). The current medications of diabetes mellitus focus on controlling and lowering blood glucose levels in the vessel to a normal level. However, most modern drugs have many side effects causing some serious medical problems during a period of treating. Therefore, traditional medicines have been used for a long time and play an important role as alternative medicines. Moreover, during the past few years, some of the new bioactive drugs isolated from plants showed antidiabetic activity with more efficacy than oral hypoglycemic agents used in clinical therapy. Traditional medicine performed a good clinical practice and is showing a bright future in the therapy of diabetes mellitus. World Health Organization has pointed out this prevention of diabetes and its complications is not only a major challenge for the future, but essential if health for all is to be attained. Therefore, this paper briefly reviews active compounds, and pharmacological effects of some popular plants which have been widely used in diabetic treatment. Morphological data from V-herb database of each species was also included for plant identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngan Tran
- School of Biotechnology, International University—Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 721400, Vietnam;
| | - Bao Pham
- Information Science Faculty, Saigon University, Ho Chi Minh City 711000, Vietnam;
| | - Ly Le
- School of Biotechnology, International University—Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 721400, Vietnam;
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Peng C, Zhang W, Shen X, Yuan Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Yao M. Post-transcriptional regulation activity through alternative splicing involved in the effects of Aloe vera on the Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways in colorectal cancer cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 143:148-155. [PMID: 32268968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. is widely used as laxative drugs, cosmetics, and functional food due to a variety of therapeutic effects. However, several studies indicated a colonic carcinogenic activity of Aloe vera. But the underline mechanism has not been well clarified. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism at the post-transcriptional level. Identification of Differential Expressed Alternative Splicing (DEAS) genes and events and the corresponding functional enrichment analyses were conducted on RKO cells after treated with Aloe vera aqueous extract and its two active components, aloin and aloesin. And RT-qPCR was conducted for validation. Results indicated that they induced 2200, 2342 and 2133 DEAS events, respectively. The GO enrichment and the COG classification results of DEAS genes showed that they were associated with transcription, as well as functions like signal transduction mechanisms. Moreover, DEAS genes related to the two colorectal cancerous pathways, Wnt and Notch pathways, were annotated. In conclusion, aloe extract, aloin and aloesin significantly regulated the DEAS profile of RKO cells. The colonic carcinogenicity of Aloe vera may due to its post-transcriptional regulatory activity through Alternative Splicing (AS) on genes, especially on Wnt-related and Notch-related key genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - WeiJia Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Xue Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - YueMei Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - MeiCun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Merz T, Vogt JA, Wachter U, Calzia E, Szabo C, Wang R, Radermacher P, McCook O. Impact of hyperglycemia on cystathionine-γ-lyase expression during resuscitated murine septic shock. Intensive Care Med Exp 2017; 5:30. [PMID: 28616781 PMCID: PMC5471286 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-017-0140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) was shown to have a regulatory role in glucose metabolism. Circulatory shock can induce metabolic stress, thereby leading to hyperglycemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. In vitro data suggest an effect of high glucose on CSE expression. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hyperglycemia on CSE expression in resuscitated murine septic shock. METHODS Normo- (80-150 mg/dl) and hyperglycemic (>200 mg/dl) male C57/BL6J mice (n = 5-6 per group) underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial sepsis or sham procedure (n = 6 per group) and, 15 h afterwards, were anesthetized again, surgically instrumented and received intensive care treatment, including antibiotics, lung protective mechanical ventilation, circulatory support, and intravenous (i.v.) glucose infusion (50% as stable-isotope labeled 1,2,3,4,5,6-13C6 glucose). Blood and breath gas were sampled hourly to quantify parameters of glucose metabolism. 5 h later, mice were sacrificed and organs were harvested. The liver mitochondrial respiratory activity was determined via high resolution respirometry; CSE, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α), and adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADRP) expression was immunohistochemically investigated. RESULTS In sepsis combined with hyperglycemia the least CSE and PGC1α expression could be detected, along with reduced mitochondrial respiratory activity, and enhanced ADRP expression, a marker of lipid droplet formation, in the liver. A novel in vivo finding is the CSE translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus triggered by metabolic stress. CONCLUSIONS A relationship between CSE and glucose metabolism was established, which, when dysregulated, may contribute to fatty liver disease and hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Merz
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Medical School, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Josef A. Vogt
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Medical School, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wachter
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Medical School, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Enrico Calzia
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Medical School, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON Canada
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Medical School, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Oscar McCook
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Medical School, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Rtibi K, Selmi S, Grami D, Saidani K, Sebai H, Amri M, Eto B, Marzouki L. Ceratonia siliqua L. (immature carob bean) inhibits intestinal glucose absorption, improves glucose tolerance and protects against alloxan-induced diabetes in rat. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:2664-2670. [PMID: 27739095 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the effects of immature carob pod aqueous extract (ICPAE) on intestinal glucose absorption in vitro and in vivo using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as well as the potential antidiabetic effect in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. OGTT was carried by administration of glucose (2 g kg-1 , p.o.) and after treatment with extract (50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 body weight). Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg kg-1 ). However, the extracts at various doses or glibenclamide (GLB, 10 mg kg-1 body weight) were given by oral administration for 2 weeks. RESULTS ICPAE (50-2000 µg mL-1 ) exerted dose-dependent reduction of sodium-dependent glucose transport across isolated mice jejunum and the maximal inhibition exceeded 50%.The ICPAE treatment improved glucose tolerance. More importantly, ICPAE at various doses showed a significant reduction in blood glucose and biochemical profiles in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION Our findings confirm that the degree of maturity of carob characterized by a different phytochemical composition may be responsible for these actions. Therefore, these compounds may be used as a food supplement in hyperglycemia and diabetes treatments. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaïs Rtibi
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Fonctionnelle et Pathologies, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Physiologie Animale, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, BP, 382-9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Slimen Selmi
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Physiologie Animale, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, BP, 382-9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Dhekra Grami
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Physiologie Animale, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, BP, 382-9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Khouloud Saidani
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Physiologie Animale, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, BP, 382-9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Physiologie Animale, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, BP, 382-9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amri
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Fonctionnelle et Pathologies, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bruno Eto
- Laboratoires TransCell-Lab, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichât, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Fonctionnelle et Pathologies, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Physiologie Animale, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, BP, 382-9000 Béja, Tunisia
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Wahedi HM, Jeong M, Chae JK, Do SG, Yoon H, Kim SY. Aloesin from Aloe vera accelerates skin wound healing by modulating MAPK/Rho and Smad signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 28:19-26. [PMID: 28478809 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous wound healing is a complex process involving various regulatory factors at the molecular level. Aloe vera is widely used for cell rejuvenation, wound healing, and skin moisturizing. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effects of aloesin from Aloe vera on cutaneous wound healing and mechanisms involved therein. STUDY DESIGN This study consisted of both in vitro and in vivo experiments involving skin cell lines and mouse model to demonstrate the wound healing effects of aloesin by taking into account several parameters ranging from cultured cell migration to wound healing in mice. METHODS The activities of Smad signaling molecules (Smad2 and Smad3), MAPKs (ERK and JNK), and migration-related proteins (Cdc42, Rac1, and α-Pak) were assessed after aloesin treatment in cultured cells (1, 5 and 10µM) and mouse skin (0.1% and 0.5%). We also monitored macrophage recruitment, secretion of cytokines and growth factors, tissue development, and angiogenesis after aloesin treatment using IHC analysis and ELISAs. RESULTS Aloesin increased cell migration via phosphorylation of Cdc42 and Rac1. Aloesin positively regulated the release of cytokines and growth factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1 and TNF-α) from macrophages (RAW264.7) and enhanced angiogenesis in endothelial cells (HUVECs). Aloesin treatment accelerated wound closure rates in hairless mice by inducing angiogenesis, collagen deposition and granulation tissue formation. More importantly, aloesin treatment resulted in the activation of Smad and MAPK signaling proteins that are key players in cell migration, angiogenesis and tissue development. CONCLUSION Aloesin ameliorates each phase of the wound healing process including inflammation, proliferation and remodeling through MAPK/Rho and Smad signaling pathways. These findings indicate that aloesin has the therapeutic potential for treating cutaneous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Mustatab Wahedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyoung Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Gil Do
- Wellness R&D Center, Univera, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjun Yoon
- Biological and Genetic Resource Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Hwangyeong-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-170, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea; Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, #191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea; Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Inchon 21565, Republic of Korea.
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Dai C, Liu MP, Zhang WJ, Kei Lam CW, Guo JR, Li W, Wu J, Chen JF, Chen ZG, Zhang W, Yao MC. A material-basis study of Aloe vera on the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway using a knockin/knockout method with high-speed countercurrent chromatography. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06761e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The water extract ofAloe veraat low concentration could activate the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and up-regulated the level of active β-catenin protein in hek293 cells, as well as promoting the expression of wnt target genes.
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Noor A, Gunasekaran S, Vijayalakshmi MA. Improvement of Insulin Secretion and Pancreatic β-cell Function in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Aloe vera Extract. Pharmacognosy Res 2017; 9:S99-S104. [PMID: 29333050 PMCID: PMC5757335 DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_75_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Plant extracts and their products are being used as an alternative system of medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Aloe vera has been traditionally used to treat several diseases and it exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing effects. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Wistar diabetic rats were used in this study to understand the potential protective effect of A. vera extract on the pancreatic islets. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the A. vera extract on improvement of insulin secretion and pancreatic β-cell function by morphometric analysis of pancreatic islets in STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: After acclimatization, male Wistar rats, maintained as per the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals guidelines, were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels were assessed. The effect of A. vera extract in STZ-induced diabetic rats on the pancreatic islets by morphometric analysis was evaluated. Results: Oral administration of A. vera extract (300 mg/kg) daily to diabetic rats for 3 weeks showed restoration of blood glucose levels to normal levels with a concomitant increase in insulin levels upon feeding with A. vera extract in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Morphometric analysis of pancreatic sections revealed quantitative and qualitative gain in terms of number, diameter, volume, and area of the pancreatic islets of diabetic rats treated with A. vera extract when compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Conclusion: A. vera extract exerts antidiabetic effects by improving insulin secretion and pancreatic β-cell function by restoring pancreatic islet mass in STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rats. SUMMARY Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and insulin levels were restored to normal levels in diabetic rats treated with Aloe vera extract Islets of pancreas were qualitatively and quantitatively restored to normalcy leading to restoration of FPG and insulin levels of diabetic rats treated with Aloe vera extract Morphometric analysis of pancreatic sections revealed quantitative and qualitative gain in terms of number, diameter, volume, and area of the pancreatic islets of diabetic rats treated with Aloe vera extract when compared to the untreated diabetic rats.
Abbreviations Used:A. vera, FPG: Fasting plasma glucose, STZ: Streptozotocin, BW: Body weight
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Noor
- Centre for Bio Separation Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Gunasekaran
- Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.,Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M A Vijayalakshmi
- Centre for Bio Separation Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yimam M, Brownell L, Jia Q. Aloesin as a medical food ingredient for systemic oxidative stress of diabetes. World J Diabetes 2015; 6:1097-1107. [PMID: 26265996 PMCID: PMC4530323 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i9.1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires a long term management where oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in disease progression and intensifying secondary complications. In spite of all the research on diabetes and recent advances in diabetes treatments, the reality is that there is no cure for diabetes and its devastating complications. While currently available anti-diabetic therapies are effective in reducing blood glucose level, they are not without associated side effects when they are used for a long term applications. As a result, physicians and patients are inclining more towards to a safer therapy with less serious side effects in the form of medicinal foods and botanical alternatives that are suitable for chronic usage. Aloesin, an Aloe chromone, has previously been formulated with an aloe polysaccharide to give a composition called Loesyn, where it showed significant impact in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, fructosamine and plasma insulin level in humans. Radical scavenging activities of chromones and polysaccharides from Aloe have also been reported. Here we rationalize the relevance of use of Aloesin alone or in a standardized blend with Aloe polysaccharides, as a potential medical food to manage systemic oxidative stress and/or high blood glucose of diabetes.
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Cruz EC, Andrade-Cetto A. Ethnopharmacological field study of the plants used to treat type 2 diabetes among the Cakchiquels in Guatemala. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 159:238-244. [PMID: 25460591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Type 2 diabetes is characterized by tissue resistance to the action of insulin, combined with a relative deficiency in insulin secretion. In Guatemala, type 2 diabetes results in significant mortality rates. The low incomes of the indigenous population results in the use of alternative therapies such as medicinal plants to treat the illness. We could not find any previous study related to the use of medicinal plants to treat diabetes in Guatemala. The aim of this work is to determine the most effective plant species used in traditional medicine to treat type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed an ethnopharmacological field study among the Cakchiquels of Chimaltenango to select the most prominent plants used to treat the disease. Type 2 diabetic patients from their community health centers were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Two mathematical tools were used to identify potential plant species: the Disease Consensus Index and the Use Value. International databases, including SCOPUS, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were used to identify whether the plants with the highest scores were known to elicit hypoglycemic effects. RESULTS After analyzing the data, we can propose the following plants as the most prominent among the Cakchiquels of Chimaltenango to treat type 2 diabetes: Hamelia patens Jacq., Neurolaena lobata (L.) R.Br.ex Cass., Solanum americanum Mill., Croton guatemalensis Lotsy, and Quercus peduncularis Née. CONCLUSIONS The Cakchiquel patients interviewed did not understand type 2 diabetes; however, they associated the onset of their disease with a negative emotion, such as shock, sadness or anger. Despite changes in lifestyle, influences of advertising, the availability of innovative treatments and the use of oral hypoglycemic treatments provided by health facilities serving indigenous communities, the Cakchiquel continue to use medicinal plants as adjunctive treatment. While they are unaware whether the plants can cause additional harm, they consider their consumption beneficial because they feel better. There were 11 plants identified with UVs greater than 0.5 and high DCIs; from these 64% of the plants have been identified as having hypoglycemic effects; this finding supports the traditional selection by the Cakchiquels of medicinal plants to treat T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elda Carola Cruz
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México DF, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Andrade-Cetto
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México DF, Mexico.
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Interactions between herbs and antidiabetics: an overview of the mechanisms, evidence, importance, and management. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:1281-98. [PMID: 25475096 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Complementary and alternative therapies are quickly gaining importance because they are perceived to be free of side effects due to their natural origin. However, herbal remedies are complex mixtures of bioactive entities, which may interact with prescription drugs through pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic mechanisms and sometimes result in life-threatening consequences. In particular, diabetes patients are often treated with multiple medications due to different comorbidities, and such patients use antidiabetic medications for their entire lives; thus, it is important to make the public aware of herb interactions with antidiabetic drugs. In this paper, we summarize the reports available on the interaction of herbal remedies with oral hypoglycemic agents and describe mechanisms, preclinical or clinical evidence, importance, and management strategies.
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Epifano F, Fiorito S, Locatelli M, Taddeo VA, Genovese S. Screening for novel plant sources of prenyloxyanthraquinones: Senna alexandrina Mill. and Aloe vera (L.) Burm. F. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:180-4. [PMID: 25342202 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.971792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
As a continuation of our ongoing studies aimed to reveal the presence of oxyprenylated anthraquinones in plants claimed to have a laxative effect, in this article, we describe the extraction and HPLC separation of madagascin (3-isopentenyloxyemodin) and 3-geranyloxyemodine from dried leaves and fruits of Senna alexandrina Mill. (Leguminosae) and leaves and gel of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. F. (Xanthorrhoeaceae). Both compounds are described herein for the first time as components of extracts of the title plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Epifano
- a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara , Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) , Italy
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