1
|
Yang Y, Ye Y, Deng Y, Gao L. Uridine and its role in metabolic diseases, tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1360891. [PMID: 38487261 PMCID: PMC10937367 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1360891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside found in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid with a concentration higher than the other nucleosides. As a simple metabolite, uridine plays a pivotal role in various biological processes. In addition to nucleic acid synthesis, uridine is critical to glycogen synthesis through the formation of uridine diphosphate glucose in which promotes the production of UDP-GlcNAc in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and supplies UDP-GlcNAc for O-GlcNAcylation. This process can regulate protein modification and affect its function. Moreover, Uridine has an effect on body temperature and circadian rhythms, which can regulate the metabolic rate and the expression of metabolic genes. Abnormal levels of blood uridine have been found in people with diabetes and obesity, suggesting a link of uridine dysregulation and metabolic disorders. At present, the role of uridine in glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism is controversial, and the mechanism is not clear, but it shows the trend of long-term damage and short-term benefit. Therefore, maintaining uridine homeostasis is essential for maintaining basic functions and normal metabolism. This article summarizes the latest findings about the metabolic effects of uridine and the potential of uridine metabolism as therapeutic target in treatment of metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahong Ye
- Department of Internal Medicine, QuanZhou Women’s and Children’s Hospital, QuanZhou, China
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Venediktova N, Solomadin I, Nikiforova A, Belosludtsev KN, Mironova G. Effects of the Long-Term Administration of Uridine on the Functioning of Rat Liver Mitochondria in Hyperthyroidism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16730. [PMID: 38069053 PMCID: PMC10706195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of uridine (30 mg/kg for 7 days; intraperitoneally) on the functions of liver mitochondria in rats with experimentally induced hyperthyroidism (HT) (200 µg/100 g for 7 days, intraperitoneally) is studied in this paper. An excess of thyroid hormones (THs) led to an intensification of energy metabolism, the development of oxidative stress, a significant increase in the biogenesis, and changes in the content of proteins responsible for the fusion and fission of mitochondria. The injection of uridine did not change the concentration of THs in the blood of hyperthyroid rats (HRs) but normalized their body weight. The exposure to uridine improved the parameters of oxidative phosphorylation and corrected the activity of some complexes of the electron transport chain (ETC) in the liver mitochondria of HRs. The analysis of ETC complexes showed that the level of CI-CV did not change by the action of uridine in rats with the condition of HT. The application of uridine caused a significant increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and lowered the rate of hydrogen peroxide production. It was found that uridine affected mitochondrial biogenesis by increasing the expression of the genes Ppargc1a and NRF1 and diminishing the expression of the Parkin gene responsible for mitophagy compared with the control animals. In addition, the mRNA level of the OPA1 gene was restored, which may indicate an improvement in the ETC activity and oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of HR. As a whole, the results obtained demonstrate that uridine has a protective effect against HT-mediated functional disorders in the metabolism of rat liver mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Venediktova
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Ilya Solomadin
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Anna Nikiforova
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Galina Mironova
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dubner AM, Lu S, Jolly AJ, Noble T, Hinthorn T, Nemenoff RA, Moulton KS, Majesky MW, Weiser-Evans MCM. Confounding Effects of Tamoxifen: Cautionary and Practical Considerations for the Use of Tamoxifen-Inducible Mouse Models in Atherosclerosis Research-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2223-2230. [PMID: 37706321 PMCID: PMC10615862 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, fate-mapping lineage studies in mouse models have led to major advances in vascular biology by allowing investigators to track specific cell populations in vivo. One of the most frequently used lineage tracing approaches involves tamoxifen-inducible CreERT-LoxP systems. However, tamoxifen treatment can also promote effects independent of Cre recombinase activation, many of which have not been fully explored. METHODS To elucidate off-target effects of tamoxifen, male and female mice were either unmanipulated or injected with tamoxifen or corn oil. All mice received PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9)-AAV (adeno-associated virus) injections and a modified Western diet to induce hypercholesterolemia. After 2 weeks, serum cholesterol and liver morphology were assessed. To determine the duration of any tamoxifen effects in long-term atherosclerosis experiments, mice received either 12 days of tamoxifen at baseline or 12 days plus 2 sets of 5-day tamoxifen boosters; all mice received PCSK9-AAV injections and a modified Western diet to induce hypercholesterolemia. After 24 weeks, serum cholesterol and aortic sinus plaque burden were measured. RESULTS After 2 weeks of atherogenic treatment, mice injected with tamoxifen demonstrated significantly reduced serum cholesterol levels compared with uninjected- or corn oil-treated mice. However, there were no differences in PCSK9-mediated knockdown of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) receptors between the groups. Additionally, tamoxifen-treated mice exhibited significantly increased hepatic lipid accumulation compared with the other groups. Finally, the effects of tamoxifen remained for at least 8 weeks after completion of injections, with mice demonstrating persistent decreased serum cholesterol and impaired atherosclerotic plaque formation. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we establish that tamoxifen administration results in decreased serum cholesterol, decreased plaque formation, and increased hepatic lipid accumulation. These alterations represent significant confounding variables in atherosclerosis research, and we urge future investigators to take these findings into consideration when planning and executing their own atherosclerosis experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Dubner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Integrated Physiology PhD Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sizhao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Austin J Jolly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tysen Noble
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology MS program, University of Colorado Graduate School, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tyler Hinthorn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology MS program, University of Colorado Graduate School, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Raphael A Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karen S Moulton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark W Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Mary CM Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Integrated Physiology PhD Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou NN, Wang T, Lin YX, Xu R, Wu HX, Ding FF, Qiao F, Du ZY, Zhang ML. Uridine alleviates high-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic syndromes by activating sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and promoting glycogen synthesis in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:56-66. [PMID: 37252330 PMCID: PMC10208930 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates have a protein sparing effect, but long-term feeding of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) leads to metabolic disorders due to the limited utilization efficiency of carbohydrates in fish. How to mitigate the negative effects induced by HCD is crucial for the rapid development of aquaculture. Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that plays a vital role in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, but whether uridine can alleviate metabolic syndromes induced by HCD remains unknown. In this study, a total of 480 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (average initial weight 5.02 ± 0.03 g) were fed with 4 diets, including a control diet (CON), HCD, HCD + 500 mg/kg uridine (HCUL) and HCD + 5,000 mg/kg uridine (HCUH), for 8 weeks. The results showed that addition of uridine decreased hepatic lipid, serum glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol (P < 0.05). Further analysis indicated that higher concentration of uridine activated the sirtuin1 (sirt1)/adenosine 5-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to increase lipid catabolism and glycolysis while decreasing lipogenesis (P < 0.05). Besides, uridine increased the activity of glycogen synthesis-related enzymes (P < 0.05). This study suggested that uridine could alleviate HCD-induced metabolic syndrome by activating the sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and promoting glycogen synthesis. This finding reveals the function of uridine in fish metabolism and facilitates the development of new additives in aquatic feeds.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zi L, Ma W, Zhang L, Qiao B, Qiu Z, Xu J, Zhang J, Ye Y, Yang Y, Dong K, Chen C, Wang W, Zhao Q. Uridine Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Development by Inducing Ferroptosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103552. [PMID: 37240659 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Uridine is a key metabolite used as a substrate for the production of DNA, RNA, and glucose, and it is mainly synthesized in the liver. Currently, it is not known whether uridine levels are altered in the tumor microenvironment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and whether uridine can be a target for tumor therapy. In this study, the detection of genes associated with de novo uridine synthesis, carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, dihydroorotase (CAD) (n = 115), and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) (n = 115) in HCC tissues through tissue microarrays revealed that the expression of CAD and DHODH was higher in tumor compared with paraneoplastic tissues. Next, we collected tumor tissues from surgically resected HCC patients and the corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues (n = 46) for LC-MS/MS assays. The results showed that the median and interquartile ranges of uridine content in non-tumor and tumor tissues were 640.36 (504.45-807.43) and 484.22 (311.91-626.73) nmol/g, respectively. These results suggest that uridine metabolism is disturbed in HCC patients. To further investigate whether uridine can be used as a tumor-therapeutic target, a series of high concentrations of uridine were incubated with HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. It was observed that uridine dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cells by activating the ferroptosis pathway. Overall, these results reveal for the first time the range of uridine content in human HCC tissues and suggest that uridine may be a new target for HCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Zi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wangbin Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Lilong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Boyang Qiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhendong Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Junhui Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yahong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yueyuan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Keshuai Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Weixing Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qingyan Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhou T, Wu X. N-carbamoyl aspartate reduced body weight by stimulating the thermogenesis of iBAT. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 665:152-158. [PMID: 37163935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Uridine has formerly been shown to alleviate obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation. N-carbamoyl aspartate (NCA) provides carbon atoms to uridine in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. However, whether NCA is involved in the lipid metabolism remains elusive. Here we showed that NCA supplementation significantly decreased (P < 0.05) serum cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels of mice, and significantly increased (P < 0.05) relative mRNA expression of genes related to the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Besides, supplemented with NCA significantly decreased body weight and area under the curve (AUC), and increased body temperature in the high-fat diet fed mice. For further, relative protein expression of uridine monophosphate synthase (UMPS), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(SREBP-1) and phosphorylated hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (P-HSL) in the liver, and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) also showed upregulated in the high-fat diet fed mice. Thus, NCA promoted de novo synthesis of pyrimidine and polyunsaturated fatty acid, and reduced body weight by stimulating high-fat diet-induced thermogenesis of iBAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhefeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, PR China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, PR China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, PR China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, PR China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luukkonen PK, Sakuma I, Gaspar RC, Mooring M, Nasiri A, Kahn M, Zhang XM, Zhang D, Sammalkorpi H, Penttilä AK, Orho-Melander M, Arola J, Juuti A, Zhang X, Yimlamai D, Yki-Järvinen H, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Inhibition of HSD17B13 protects against liver fibrosis by inhibition of pyrimidine catabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217543120. [PMID: 36669104 PMCID: PMC9942818 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217543120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, in which prognosis is determined by liver fibrosis. A common variant in hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13, rs72613567-A) is associated with a reduced risk of fibrosis in NAFLD, but the underlying mechanism(s) remains unclear. We investigated the effects of this variant in the human liver and in Hsd17b13 knockdown in mice by using a state-of-the-art metabolomics approach. We demonstrate that protection against liver fibrosis conferred by the HSD17B13 rs72613567-A variant in humans and by the Hsd17b13 knockdown in mice is associated with decreased pyrimidine catabolism at the level of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. Furthermore, we show that hepatic pyrimidines are depleted in two distinct mouse models of NAFLD and that inhibition of pyrimidine catabolism by gimeracil phenocopies the HSD17B13-induced protection against liver fibrosis. Our data suggest pyrimidine catabolism as a therapeutic target against the development of liver fibrosis in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panu K. Luukkonen
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
- bAbdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki00290, Finland
- cMinerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Ikki Sakuma
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Rafael C. Gaspar
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Meghan Mooring
- dDepartment of Pediatrics, The Yale Liver Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Ali Nasiri
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Mario Kahn
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Xian-Man Zhang
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Henna Sammalkorpi
- eDepartment of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Anne K. Penttilä
- eDepartment of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- fDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö21428, Sweden
| | - Johanna Arola
- gDepartment of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Anne Juuti
- eDepartment of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- hDepartment of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Dean Yimlamai
- dDepartment of Pediatrics, The Yale Liver Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Hannele Yki-Järvinen
- cMinerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki00290, Finland
- iDepartment of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki00290, Finland
| | - Kitt Falk Petersen
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
| | - Gerald I. Shulman
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
- jDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven06520, CT
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Effect of Chronic Treatment with Uridine on Cardiac Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the C57BL/6 Mouse Model of High-Fat Diet–Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810633. [PMID: 36142532 PMCID: PMC9502122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus is associated with complex damage to cardiomyocytes and the development of mitochondrial dysfunction in the myocardium. Uridine, a pyrimidine nucleoside, plays an important role in cellular metabolism and is used to improve cardiac function. Herein, the antidiabetic potential of uridine (30 mg/kg/day for 21 days, i.p.) and its effect on mitochondrial homeostasis in the heart tissue were examined in a high-fat diet–streptozotocin-induced model of diabetes in C57BL/6 mice. We found that chronic administration of uridine to diabetic mice normalized plasma glucose and triglyceride levels and the heart weight/body weight ratio and increased the rate of glucose utilization during the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Analysis of TEM revealed that uridine prevented diabetes-induced ultrastructural abnormalities in mitochondria and sarcomeres in ventricular cardiomyocytes. In diabetic heart tissue, the mRNA level of Ppargc1a decreased and Drp1 and Parkin gene expression increased, suggesting the disturbances of mitochondrial biogenesis, fission, and mitophagy, respectively. Uridine treatment of diabetic mice restored the mRNA level of Ppargc1a and enhanced Pink1 gene expression, which may indicate an increase in the intensity of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy, and as a consequence, mitochondrial turnover. Uridine also reduced oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction and suppressed lipid peroxidation, but it had no significant effect on the impaired calcium retention capacity and potassium transport in the heart mitochondria of diabetic mice. Altogether, these findings suggest that, along with its hypoglycemic effect, uridine has a protective action against diabetes-mediated functional and structural damage to cardiac mitochondria and disruption of mitochondrial quality-control systems in the diabetic heart.
Collapse
|
9
|
Renal Metabolome in Obese Mice Treated with Empagliflozin Suggests a Reduction in Cellular Respiration. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091176. [PMID: 36139016 PMCID: PMC9496198 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium glucose cotransporter, type 2 inhibitors, such as Empagliflozin, are protective of the kidneys by unclear mechanisms. Our aim was to determine how Empagliflozin affected kidney cortical metabolome and lipidome in mice. Adult male TALLYHO mice (prone to obesity) were treated with a high-milk-fat diet, or this diet containing Empagliflozin (0.01%), for 8 weeks. Targeted and untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics were conducted on kidney cortex by liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass-spectroscopy. Metabolites were statistically analyzed by MetaboAnalyst 5.0, LipidSig (lipid species only) and/or CEU Mass Mediator (untargeted annotation). In general, volcano plotting revealed oppositely skewed patterns for targeted metabolites (primarily hydrophilic) and lipids (hydrophobic) in that polar metabolites showed a larger number of decreased species, while non-polar (lipids) had a greater number of increased species (>20% changed and/or raw p-value < 0.05). The top three pathways regulated by Empagliflozin were urea cycle, spermine/spermidine biosynthesis, and aspartate metabolism, with an amino acid network being highly affected, with 14 of 20 classic amino acids down-regulated. Out of 75 changed polar metabolites, only three were up-regulated, i.e., flavin mononucleotide (FMN), uridine, and ureidosuccinic acid. Both FMN and uridine have been shown to be protective of the kidney. Scrutiny of metabolites of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis/Krebs cycle revealed a 20−45% reduction in several species, including phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), succinate, and malic acid. In contrast, although overall lipid quantity was not higher, several lipid species were increased by EMPA, including those of the classes, phosphatidic acids, phosphatidylcholines, and carnitines. Overall, these analyses suggest a protection from extensive metabolic load and the corresponding oxidative stress with EMPA in kidney. This may be in response to reduced energy demands of the proximal tubule as a result of inhibition of transport and/or differences in metabolic pools available for metabolism.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sullivan KE, Kumar S, Liu X, Zhang Y, de Koning E, Li Y, Yuan J, Fan F. Uncovering the roles of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in fatty-acid induced steatosis using human cellular models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14109. [PMID: 35982095 PMCID: PMC9388600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrimidine catabolism is implicated in hepatic steatosis. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) is an enzyme responsible for uracil and thymine catabolism, and DPYD human genetic variability affects clinically observed toxicity following 5-Fluorouracil administration. In an in vitro model of fatty acid-induced steatosis, the pharmacologic inhibition of DPYD resulted in protection from lipid accumulation. Additionally, a gain-of-function mutation of DPYD, created through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) engineering, led to an increased lipid burden, which was associated with altered mitochondrial functionality in a hepatocarcionma cell line. The studies presented herein describe a novel role for DPYD in hepatocyte metabolic regulation as a modulator of hepatic steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E Sullivan
- Translational Systems Biology Group, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.,Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Sheetal Kumar
- Translational Systems Biology Group, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.,Nimbus Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Translational Systems Biology Group, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.,Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ye Zhang
- Translational Systems Biology Group, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.,Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Emily de Koning
- Translational Systems Biology Group, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.,Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - Yanfei Li
- Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 90408, USA
| | - Jing Yuan
- Translational Systems Biology Group, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.,Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Fan Fan
- Translational Systems Biology Group, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA. .,Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Y, Liu Y, Gao B, Yan J, Cai W, Jiang L. Untargeted Metabolomics Reveal Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Alterations in Pediatric Patients with Short Bowel Syndrome. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070600. [PMID: 35888724 PMCID: PMC9319335 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a major cause of intestinal failure (IF) that may require long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) support. However, long-term PN is accompanied by severe complications such as catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI) and intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD), and it is associated with high healthcare costs. In this study, we characterized the plasma metabolomic profile and investigated the role of metabolism in predicting long-term PN in pediatric patients with SBS. Untargeted metabolomics was performed in plasma samples from 20 SBS patients with PN support: 6 patients had IFALD and 14 patients had no liver disease. As controls, 18 subjects without liver or intestinal diseases were included for the analysis. SBS patients had distinct plasma metabolomic signatures compared to controls, and several pathways associated with amino acid metabolism and cell death were significantly changed. The presence of IFALD in SBS was associated with alterations of metabolites mainly classified as “amino acids, peptides, and analogues” and “benzene and derivatives”. Serum direct bilirubin levels were negatively correlated with levels of uridine, skatole, and glabrol. Importantly, SBS patients with long-term PN showed significantly increased levels of glutamine compared to those in the short-term PN group. Finally, using multivariate logistic regression analysis, we developed a prediction model including glutamine and creatinine to identify pediatric SBS patients who need long-term PN support. These findings underscore the potential key role of the metabolome in SBS with IF and suggest that metabolomic profiles could be used in long-term PN assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Bei Gao
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
| | - Junkai Yan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China;
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence: (W.C.); (L.J.); Tel.: +86-(21)-25078674 (W.C.); +86-(21)-65791316 (L.J.)
| | - Lu Jiang
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence: (W.C.); (L.J.); Tel.: +86-(21)-25078674 (W.C.); +86-(21)-65791316 (L.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guan Q, Ding XW, Zhong LY, Zhu C, Nie P, Song LH. Beneficial effects of Lactobacillus-fermented black barley on high fat diet-induced fatty liver in rats. Food Funct 2021; 12:6526-6539. [PMID: 34095944 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00290b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A long-term high-fat (HF) diet can cause metabolic disorders, which might induce visceral obesity and ectopic triglyceride storage (e.g., hepatic steatosis), and increase hepatic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of complications associated with obesity. Fermented whole cereal foods exhibit healthy potential due to their unique phytochemical composition and the presence of probiotics. In the present study, the regular nutrients and phytochemicals of Lactobacillus-fermented black barley (Hordeum distichum L.) were analyzed. Further, the black barley fermentation broth (1 mL per 100 g BW per d, equivalent to 1 mL per kg BW of daily human intake) was administered orally to the rats fed on a high fat diet (HF). The anti-oxidative activity and hepatic metabolic profile of Lactobacillus-fermented black barley were investigated. The results showed that the fermentation processing significantly increased the contents of polyphenols (e.g., ferulic acid, etc.), flavonoids (e.g., flavone, etc.), vitamin B1 and B2, partial mineral elements (e.g., Ca, etc.), and thymine. Furthermore, compared to the HF-fed only rats, fermented black barley treatment significantly increased the activities of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GSH-PX (glutathione peroxidase), and decreased the level of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in serum, the levels of TG (triglyceride), TC (total cholesterol), NEFA (non-esterified fatty acid) in the liver, and the levels of TC, NEFA in the adipose tissue. This suggested the beneficial effects of fermented black barley on ameliorating oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis, which could be attributed to its regulatory role in the hepatic metabolism of glycerophospholipids, nicotinate and nicotinamide, glutathione, and nucleotide, and on the expression of genes related to oxidative stress (Heat shock protein 90 and reactive oxygen species modulator 1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu Y, Xie C, Zhai Z, Deng ZY, De Jonge HR, Wu X, Ruan Z. Uridine attenuates obesity, ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and modifies the gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. Food Funct 2021; 12:1829-1840. [PMID: 33527946 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02533j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Uridine (UR) is a pyrimidine nucleoside that plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of UR on obesity, fat accumulation in liver, and gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. ICR mice were, respectively, divided into 3 groups for 8 weeks, that is, control (CON, n = 12), high fat diet (HFD, n = 16), and HFD + UR groups (0.4 mg mL-1 in drinking water, n = 16). UR supplementation significantly reduced the body weight and suppressed the accumulation of subcutaneous, epididymal, and mesenteric WAT in HFD-fed mice (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, UR also decreased the lipid droplet accumulation in the liver and liver organoids (P < 0.05). In addition, UR supplementation increased bacterial diversity and Bacteroidetes abundance, and decreased the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio in HFD-fed mice significantly (P < 0.05). UR promoted the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria of Odoribacter, unidentified-Ruminococcaceae, Intestinimonas, Ruminiclostridium, and unidentified-Lachnospiraceae. A close correlation between several specific bacterial phyla or genera and the levels of WAT weight, hepatic TC, or hepatic TG genera was revealed through Spearman's correlation analysis. These results demonstrated that UR supplementation could be beneficial by attenuating HFD-induced obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China. and Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Chunyan Xie
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China and Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Zhenya Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Ze-Yuan Deng
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Hugo R De Jonge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China. and Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China. and Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gong MJ, Zhu CY, Zou ZJ, Han B, Huang P. Therapeutic potential of puerarin against methionine-choline-deficient diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis determined by combination of 1H NMR spectroscopy-based metabonomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 197:113964. [PMID: 33601157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previously published studies have revealed the protective effect of puerarin against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the definite mechanism of this effect still remains unclear. The present work was an attempt to assess the beneficial effects and the underlying mechanisms of puerarin on methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH in C57BL/6 mice by using a combination of metabonomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics showed significant hepatic and urinary metabolic phenotype changes between MCD-diet fed mice and the healthy controls. A total of eight and thirteen metabolites were identified as differential metabolites associated with NASH in liver tissue and urine of mice, respectively. The proposed pathways mainly included pyrimidine metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis delineated remarkable variations in gut microbiota profiles in response to MCD diet in mice and forty differential bacterial taxa related to NASH were found between the control and model group. Puerarin could improve hepatic steatosis and inflammation in NASH mice via partially ameliorating metabolic disorders and rebalancing the gut flora. Specifically, puerarin could inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing genus Helicobacter, and promote butyrate-producing genus Roseburia. These findings offered novel insights into the in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of NASH and provided further evidence for the potential use of puerarin as an anti-NASH agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Juan Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cai-Yan Zhu
- The Sixth Affilicated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Zou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ping Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee B, Jung EA, Yoo JJ, Kim SG, Lee CB, Kim YS, Jeong SW, Jang JY, Lee SH, Kim HS, Jun BG, Kim YD, Cheon GJ. Prevalence, incidence and risk factors of tamoxifen-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Liver Int 2020; 40:1344-1355. [PMID: 32170895 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Tamoxifen is associated with an increased risk of developing fatty liver. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of fatty liver developed after tamoxifen treatment in breast cancer patients. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, OVID Medline, the Cochrane Library and other databases was performed for this review. The abstracts obtained from the search were reviewed by two investigators who chose manuscripts for full-text review. The event rates were calculated with a random-effects model and quality-effects model. RESULTS The search yielded 165 references. Of these, 24 were included in the quantitative summary. We analysed the data of a total of 6,962 patients treated with tamoxifen and 975 patients not treated with tamoxifen. The prevalence of fatty liver among patients with breast cancer taking tamoxifen was 40.25 per 100 patients and the incidence rate was 12.37 per 100 person-years. The incidence of fatty liver was much higher in the tamoxifen group than in the control group [incidence rate ratio: 3.12, 95% CI (confidence interval): 2.05-4.75, I2 = 61%], regardless of region. The main risk factors were body mass index (BMI) [hazard ratio (HR): 1.15, 95% CI: 1.09-1.22] and hypercholesterolaemia (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02). CONCLUSION The use of tamoxifen was associated with increased risks in the incidence and prevalence of fatty liver, especially in patients with high BMI and hypercholesterolaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bora Lee
- Department of Statistics, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ae Jung
- Medical Library, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ju Yoo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sang Gyune Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Cheon-Beom Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Soung Won Jeong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Young Jang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Hwan Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hong Soo Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Baek Gyu Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung-si, Korea
| | - Young Don Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung-si, Korea
| | - Gab Jin Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung-si, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Guo S, Xie C, Fang J. Uridine Metabolism and Its Role in Glucose, Lipid, and Amino Acid Homeostasis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7091718. [PMID: 32382566 PMCID: PMC7180397 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7091718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pyrimidine nucleoside uridine plays a critical role in maintaining cellular function and energy metabolism. In addition to its role in nucleoside synthesis, uridine and its derivatives contribute to reduction of cytotoxicity and suppression of drug-induced hepatic steatosis. Uridine is mostly present in blood and cerebrospinal fluid, where it contributes to the maintenance of basic cellular functions affected by UPase enzyme activity, feeding habits, and ATP depletion. Uridine metabolism depends on three stages: de novo synthesis, salvage synthesis pathway and catabolism, and homeostasis, which is tightly relating to glucose homeostasis and lipid and amino acid metabolism. This review is devoted to uridine metabolism and its role in glucose, lipid, and amino acid homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Songge Guo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Chunyan Xie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Niu J, Zhang J, Wei L, Ma X, Zhang W, Nie C. Cottonseed meal fermented by Candida tropical reduces the fat deposition in white-feather broilers through cecum bacteria-host metabolic cross-talk. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4345-4357. [PMID: 32232527 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, effects of cottonseed meal fermented by Candida tropicalis (FCSM) on fat deposition, cecum microbiota, and metabolites and their interactions were studied in broilers. A total of 180 1-day-old broilers were randomly assigned into two groups with six replicates of 15 birds in each. The birds were offered two diets consisted one control, i.e., supplemented with 0% FCSM (CON) and an experimental, with 6% FCSM (FCSM). Illumina MiSeq sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to investigate the profile changes of the cecum microbes and metabolites and the interactions among fat deposition, microbes, and metabolites. Results showed that at the age of 21 days, both the abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat thickness of the experimental birds decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in response to the dietary FCSM supplementation. The predominant microbial flora in cecum consisted Bacteroidetes (53.55%), Firmicutes (33.75%), and Proteobacteria (8.61%). FCSM diet increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides but decreased obese microbial including Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Anaerofilum. Cecum metabolomics analysis revealed that lipids, organic acids, vitamins, and peptides were significantly altered by adding FCSM in diet. Correlation analysis showed that abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat thickness related negatively with Bacteroides while the same related positively with Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae. Moreover, abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat thickness were related negatively with nicotinic acid, sebacic acid, thymidine, and succinic acid. These findings indicated that FCSM reduced the fat deposition by regulating cecum microbiota and metabolites in broilers. The results are contributory to the development of probiotics and the improvement in the production of broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junli Niu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University, North Street 4, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianqing Wei
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University, North Street 4, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenju Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University, North Street 4, Xinjiang, 832000, China.
| | - Cunxi Nie
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University, North Street 4, Xinjiang, 832000, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gong L, Tang H, Luo Z, Sun X, Tan X, Xie L, Lei Y, Cai M, He C, Ma J, Han S. Tamoxifen induces fatty liver disease in breast cancer through the MAPK8/FoxO pathway. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:137-150. [PMID: 32508033 PMCID: PMC7240857 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention of metabolic complications of long-term adjuvant endocrine therapy in breast cancers remained a challenge. We aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism in the development of tamoxifen (TAM)-induced fatty liver in both estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative breast cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS First, the direct protein targets (DPTs) of TAM were identified using DrugBank5.1.7. We found that mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8) was one DPT of TAM. We identified significant genes in breast cancer and fatty liver disease (FLD) using the MalaCards human disease database. Next, we analyzed the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of those significant genes in breast cancer and FLD using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). We found that overlapping KEGG pathways in these two diseases were MAPK signaling pathway, Forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, the KEGG Mapper showed that the MAPK signaling pathway was related to the FoxO signaling pathway. Finally, the functional relevance of breast cancer and TAM-induced FLD was validated by Western blot analysis. We verified that TAM may induce fatty liver in breast cancer through the MAPK8/FoxO signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Bioinformatics analysis combined with conventional experiments may improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying side effects of cancer drugs, thereby making this method a new paradigm for guiding future studies on this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuyun Gong
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Hanmin Tang
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Zhenzhen Luo
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Xinyue Tan
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Lina Xie
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Yutiantian Lei
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Mengjiao Cai
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Chenchen He
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Jinlu Ma
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| | - Suxia Han
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPR China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pesini A, Iglesias E, Bayona-Bafaluy MP, Garrido-Pérez N, Meade P, Gaudó P, Jiménez-Salvador I, Andrés-Benito P, Montoya J, Ferrer I, Pesini P, Ruiz-Pesini E. Brain pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis and Alzheimer disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:8433-8462. [PMID: 31560653 PMCID: PMC6814620 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Many patients suffering late-onset Alzheimer disease show a deficit in respiratory complex IV activity. The de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway connects with the mitochondrial respiratory chain upstream from respiratory complex IV. We hypothesized that these patients would have decreased pyrimidine nucleotide levels. Then, different cell processes for which these compounds are essential, such as neuronal membrane generation and maintenance and synapses production, would be compromised. Using a cell model, we show that inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation function reduces neuronal differentiation. Linking these processes to pyrimidine nucleotides, uridine treatment recovers neuronal differentiation. To unmask the importance of these pathways in Alzheimer disease, we firstly confirm the existence of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway in adult human brain. Then, we report altered mRNA levels for genes from both de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and pyrimidine salvage pathways in brain from patients with Alzheimer disease. Thus, uridine supplementation might be used as a therapy for those Alzheimer disease patients with low respiratory complex IV activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Pesini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eldris Iglesias
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Pilar Bayona-Bafaluy
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Garrido-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Meade
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paula Gaudó
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Irene Jiménez-Salvador
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pol Andrés-Benito
- Departamento de Patología y Terapéutica Experimental, Universidad de Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Montoya
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Departamento de Patología y Terapéutica Experimental, Universidad de Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Ruiz-Pesini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Fundación ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Y, Guo S, Xie C, Wang R, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Wu X. Short-Term Oral UMP/UR Administration Regulates Lipid Metabolism in Early-Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9090610. [PMID: 31461833 PMCID: PMC6770922 DOI: 10.3390/ani9090610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Uridine monophosphate (UMP) and uridine (UR) are rich in sow’s milk. The results from this study showed that UMP and UR affect the lipid profile and lipid metabolism in weanling piglets. It is suggested that UMP and UR improve the energy status in early-weaned piglets. Abstract As a main ingredient of milk, the nucleotides content is about 12–58 mg/g, which plays a critical role in maintaining cellular function and lipid metabolism. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of short-term uridine monophosphate (UMP) and uridine (UR) administration on lipid metabolism in early-weaned piglets. Twenty-one weaned piglets (7 d of age; 3.32 ± 0.20 kg average body weight) were randomly assigned into three groups: The control (CON), UMP, and UR group, and oral administered UMP or UR for 10 days, respectively. The results showed that supplementation with UMP significantly increased (p < 0.05) serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) and tended to increase (p = 0.062) serum total cholesterol (TC) content of piglets when compared with the other two groups. Oral administration with UMP and UR significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the serum total bile acid (TBA) and plasma free fatty acids (FFA) of piglets, and significantly reduced the fatty acid content of C12:0 (p < 0.01) and C14:0 (p < 0.05) in liver. Experiments about key enzymes that are involved in de novo synthesis of fatty acid showed that the gene expression of liver X receptors (LXRα), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP1c), fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2), and fatty acid elongase 5 (ELOVL5) were remarkably down-regulated (p < 0.05) with UMP and UR treatment, and key factors of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT-1α) involved in fatty acid catabolism were also decreased (p < 0.05). Additionally, the protein expression of phosphorylated-mTOR was not affected while phosphorylation of AKT was repressed (p < 0.05). In conclusion, short-term oral UMP or UR administration could regulate fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism, thus providing energy for early-weaned piglets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Songge Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Chunyan Xie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Ruxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Meiya Hai'an pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hai'an 226600, China
| | - Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China.
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yin J, Ruan Z, Wu X, Yin Y. Uridine dynamic administration affects circadian variations in lipid metabolisms in the liver of high-fat-diet-fed mice. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:1258-1267. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1637347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Liu
- State Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production
| | - Jie Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production
| | - Zheng Ruan
- State Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Wu
- State Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- State Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zheng Y, Yuan J, Meng S, Chen J, Gu Z. Testicular transcriptome alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposure to 17β-estradiol. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:14-25. [PMID: 30465971 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) can be found in rivers, effluents, and even drinking water. Researches have demonstrated that E2 affects various metabolic pathways through gene activation and may cause reproductive toxicity in fish. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate E2-induced toxicity via testicular transcriptome of zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to different concentrations (10 ng L-1, and 100 ng L-1) of E2. A total of >600 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched among the three treatments. Short time-series expression miner analysis revealed five KEGG pathways including drug metabolism, other enzymes, calcium signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, gap junction, and cell adhesion molecules. Twenty genes were selected to verify the accuracy of RNA-Seq. Other reported genes related to sex differentiation, development, energy metabolism, and other processes were found. One set of genes significantly increased/decreased/fluctuated over time, especially 12 h after E2 exposure. Genes associated with ovaries (zp3c), and development (bmp15, gdf9, and sycp2l) were significantly upregulated with increasing E2 concentration. E2 and testosterone was significantly decreased by 10 (except for T) and 100 ng L-1 E2 exposure at 12 h. The current study demonstrated that sex differentiation, development, energy metabolism, immunity, and ribosome biogenesis in male zebrafish were all significantly affected by 17β-estradiol exposure through transcriptional alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zheng
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River/Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors(Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, China
| | - Julin Yuan
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China
| | - Shunlong Meng
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River/Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors(Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, China
| | - Jiazhang Chen
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River/Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors(Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang T, Yang W, Karakas S, Sarkar S. NASH in Nondiabetic Endocrine Disorders. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 16:315-320. [PMID: 29873585 DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of disease, including hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. NAFLD carries the risk of progression to cirrhosis with its associated complications and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is now the most common liver disease in the Western world and its prevalence is increasing. While the association between NAFLD and type 2 diabetes has been well documented, there is significantly less understanding of the pathophysiology and progression of NAFLD in patients with other endocrine disorders affecting metabolism in various ways. Some of the more common endocrine disorders such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, and hypogonadism are known in clinical practice to be associated with NAFLD. Medications that alter the endocrine system such as tamoxifen and adrenal steroids have also been attributed to significant NAFLD. The key to management of NAFLD at this time are dietary changes and exercise to achieve weight loss. Unfortunately, a large proportion of the patients with these endocrine disorders are unable to achieve either. This review aims to examine and summarize the current published literature that have evaluated the association between NAFLD and the above endocrine disorders and potential therapeutic interventions in each case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Wang
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Wei Yang
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California.,2 Division of Endocrinology, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Sidika Karakas
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California.,2 Division of Endocrinology, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California.,3 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Human pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis as a target for antiviral chemotherapy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 48:127-134. [PMID: 28458037 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of broad-spectrum, host-acting antiviral therapies remains an important but elusive goal in anti-infective drug discovery. To replicate efficiently, viruses not only depend on their hosts for an adequate supply of pyrimidine nucleotides, but also up-regulate pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in infected cells. In this review, we outline our understanding of mammalian de novo and salvage metabolic pathways for pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. The available spectrum of experimental and FDA-approved drugs that modulate individual steps in these metabolic pathways is also summarized. The logic of a host-acting combination antiviral therapy comprised of inhibitors of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and uridine/cytidine kinase is discussed.
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug induced steatohepatitis (DISH), a form of drug induced liver injury (DILI) is characterized by intracellular accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes and subsequent inflammatory events, in some ways similar to the pathology seen with other metabolic, viral and genetic causes of non alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis (NAFLD and NASH). Areas covered: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the main underlying mechanisms by which various drugs cause DISH, and outlines existing preclinical tools to predict it and study underlying pathways involved. The translational hurdles of these models are discussed, with the example of an organotypic liver system designed to address them. Finally, we describe the clinical assessment and management of DISH. Expert Opinion: The complexity of the interconnected mechanistic pathways underlying DISH makes it important that preclinical evaluation of drugs is done in a physiologically and metabolically relevant context. Advanced organotypic tissue models, coupled with translational functional biomarkers and next-generational pan-omic measurements, may offer the best shot at gathering mechanistic knowledge and potential of a drug causing steatohepatitis. Ultimately this information could also help predict, detect or guide the development of specific treatments for DISH, which is an unmet need as of today.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Dash
- a HemoShear Therapeutics LLC , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | | | - Arun J Sanyal
- b Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Urasaki Y, Pizzorno G, Le TT. Chronic Uridine Administration Induces Fatty Liver and Pre-Diabetic Conditions in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146994. [PMID: 26789264 PMCID: PMC4720477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that exerts restorative functions in tissues under stress. Short-term co-administration of uridine with multiple unrelated drugs prevents drug-induced liver lipid accumulation. Uridine has the ability to modulate liver metabolism; however, the precise mechanism has not been delineated. In this study, long-term effects of uridine on liver metabolism were examined in both HepG2 cell cultures and C57BL/6J mice. We report that uridine administration was associated with O-GlcNAc modification of FOXO1, increased gluconeogenesis, reduced insulin signaling activity, and reduced expression of a liver-specific fatty acid binding protein FABP1. Long-term uridine feeding induced systemic glucose intolerance and severe liver lipid accumulation in mice. Our findings suggest that the therapeutic potentials of uridine should be designed for short-term acute administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyo Urasaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, 10530 Discovery Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135, United States of America
| | - Giuseppe Pizzorno
- Desert Research Institute, 10530 Discovery Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135, United States of America
| | - Thuc T. Le
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, 10530 Discovery Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Winterhalder MJ, Zumbusch A. Beyond the borders--Biomedical applications of non-linear Raman microscopy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 89:135-44. [PMID: 25959426 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy offers great promise for label free imaging in biomedical applications. Its use, however, is hampered by the long integration times required and the presence of autofluorescence in many samples which outshines the Raman signals. In order to overcome these limitations, a variety of different non-linear Raman imaging techniques have been developed over the last decade. This review describes biomedical applications of these novel but already mature imaging techniques.
Collapse
|
28
|
Urasaki Y, Pizzorno G, Le TT. Uridine affects liver protein glycosylation, insulin signaling, and heme biosynthesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99728. [PMID: 24918436 PMCID: PMC4053524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purines and pyrimidines are complementary bases of the genetic code. The roles of purines and their derivatives in cellular signal transduction and energy metabolism are well-known. In contrast, the roles of pyrimidines and their derivatives in cellular function remain poorly understood. In this study, the roles of uridine, a pyrimidine nucleoside, in liver metabolism are examined in mice. We report that short-term uridine administration in C57BL/6J mice increases liver protein glycosylation profiles, reduces phosphorylation level of insulin signaling proteins, and activates the HRI-eIF-2α-ATF4 heme-deficiency stress response pathway. Short-term uridine administration is also associated with reduced liver hemin level and reduced ability for insulin-stimulated blood glucose removal during an insulin tolerance test. Some of the short-term effects of exogenous uridine in C57BL/6J mice are conserved in transgenic UPase1−/− mice with long-term elevation of endogenous uridine level. UPase1−/− mice exhibit activation of the liver HRI-eIF-2α-ATF4 heme-deficiency stress response pathway. UPase1−/− mice also exhibit impaired ability for insulin-stimulated blood glucose removal. However, other short-term effects of exogenous uridine in C57BL/6J mice are not conserved in UPase1−/− mice. UPase1−/− mice exhibit normal phosphorylation level of liver insulin signaling proteins and increased liver hemin concentration compared to untreated control C57BL/6J mice. Contrasting short-term and long-term consequences of uridine on liver metabolism suggest that uridine exerts transient effects and elicits adaptive responses. Taken together, our data support potential roles of pyrimidines and their derivatives in the regulation of liver metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyo Urasaki
- Nevada Cancer Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
- Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
| | - Giuseppe Pizzorno
- Nevada Cancer Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
- Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GP); (TTL)
| | - Thuc T. Le
- Nevada Cancer Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
- Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GP); (TTL)
| |
Collapse
|