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Siqueira Santos MM, Sganzerla D, Pereira IJ, Rosa RG, Granja C, Teixeira C, Azevedo L. Long-Term Mortality and Health-Related Quality of Life After Continuous Versus Intermittent Renal Replacement Therapy in ICU Survivors: A Secondary Analysis of the Quality of Life After ICU Study. J Intensive Care Med 2024; 39:636-645. [PMID: 38196312 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231224392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: We assessed long-term outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors with acute kidney injury (AKI) submitted to intermittent or continuous renal replacement therapy (RRT) for comparisons between groups. Methods: The multicenter prospective cohort study included 195 adult ICU survivors with an ICU stay >72 h in 10 ICUs that had at least one episode of AKI treated with intermittent RRT (IRRT) or continuous RRT (CRRT) during ICU stay. The main outcomes were mortality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Hospital readmissions and physical dependence were also assessed. Results: Regarding RRT, 83 (42.6%) patients received IRRT and 112 (57.4%) received CRRT. Despite the similarity regarding sociodemographic characteristics, pre-ICU state of health and type of admission between groups, the risk of death (23.5% vs 42.7%; P < .001), the prevalence of sepsis (60.7%) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (17%) were higher at ICU admission among CRRT patients. The severity of critical illness was higher among CRRT patients, regarding the need for mechanical ventilation (75.0% vs 50.6%, P = .002) and vasopressors (91.1% vs 63.9%, P < .001). One year after ICU discharge, 67 of 195 ICU survivors died (34.4%) and, after adjustment for confounders, there were no significant differences in mortality when comparing IRRT and CRTT patients (34.9% vs 33.9%; P = .590), on HRQoL in both physical (41.9% vs 42.2%; P = .926) and mental dimensions (57.6% vs 56.6%; P = .340), and on the number of hospital readmissions and physical dependence. Conclusions: Our study suggests that among ICU survivors RRT modality (IRRT vs CRRT) in the ICU does not impact long-term outcomes after ICU discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Martins Siqueira Santos
- MEDCIDS - Medicina da Comunidade, Informação e Decisão em Saúde, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE - Centre for Health Technology and Services Research & Associate Laboratory - Health Research Network, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Jesus Pereira
- MEDCIDS - Medicina da Comunidade, Informação e Decisão em Saúde, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Polyvalent Intensive Care Medicine Service, Centro Hospitalar de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CriticalMed - Critical Care & Emergency Medicine, CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Regis Goulart Rosa
- Research Projects Office, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network (BRICNet), São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Unit, INOVA Medical, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristina Granja
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CriticalMed - Critical Care & Emergency Medicine, CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Intensive Care Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Anaesthesiology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cassiano Teixeira
- Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network (BRICNet), São Paulo, Brazil
- Intensive Care Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federalde Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luís Azevedo
- MEDCIDS - Medicina da Comunidade, Informação e Decisão em Saúde, Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE - Centre for Health Technology and Services Research & Associate Laboratory - Health Research Network, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Wang TH, Kao CC, Chang TH. Ensemble Machine Learning for Predicting 90-Day Outcomes and Analyzing Risk Factors in Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1589-1602. [PMID: 38628614 PMCID: PMC11020304 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s448004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our objectives were to (1) employ ensemble machine learning algorithms utilizing real-world clinical data to predict 90-day prognosis, including dialysis dependence and mortality, following the first hospitalized dialysis and (2) identify the significant factors associated with overall outcomes. Patients and Methods We identified hospitalized patients with Acute kidney injury requiring dialysis (AKI-D) from a dataset of the Taipei Medical University Clinical Research Database (TMUCRD) from January 2008 to December 2020. The extracted data comprise demographics, comorbidities, medications, and laboratory parameters. Ensemble machine learning models were developed utilizing real-world clinical data through the Google Cloud Platform. Results The Study Analyzed 1080 Patients in the Dialysis-Dependent Module, Out of Which 616 Received Regular Dialysis After 90 Days. Our Ensemble Model, Consisting of 25 Feedforward Neural Network Models, Demonstrated the Best Performance with an Auroc of 0.846. We Identified the Baseline Creatinine Value, Assessed at Least 90 Days Before the Initial Dialysis, as the Most Crucial Factor. We selected 2358 patients, 984 of whom were deceased after 90 days, for the survival module. The ensemble model, comprising 15 feedforward neural network models and 10 gradient-boosted decision tree models, achieved superior performance with an AUROC of 0.865. The pre-dialysis creatinine value, tested within 90 days prior to the initial dialysis, was identified as the most significant factor. Conclusion Ensemble machine learning models outperform logistic regression models in predicting outcomes of AKI-D, compared to existing literature. Our study, which includes a large sample size from three different hospitals, supports the significance of the creatinine value tested before the first hospitalized dialysis in determining overall prognosis. Healthcare providers could benefit from utilizing our validated prediction model to improve clinical decision-making and enhance patient care for the high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hao Wang
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Chin Kao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Taipei Medical University-Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Hao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Clinical Big Data Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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3
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Ma N, Lu H, Li N, Ni W, Zhang W, Liu Q, Wu W, Xia S, Wen J, Zhang T. CHOP-mediated Gasdermin E expression promotes pyroptosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial damage in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:163. [PMID: 38388468 PMCID: PMC10883957 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
In clinical practice, renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), often leading to acute renal failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The current understanding of renal IRI mechanisms remains unclear, and effective therapeutic strategies and clear targets are lacking. Therefore, the need to find explicit and effective ways to reduce renal IRI remains a scientific challenge. The current study explored pyroptosis, a type of inflammation-regulated programmed cell death, and the role of Gasdermins E (GSDME)-mediated pyroptosis, mitochondrial damage, and inflammation in renal IRI. The analysis of human samples showed that the expression levels of GSDME in normal human renal tissues were higher than those of GSDMD. Moreover, our study demonstrated that GSDME played an important role in mediating pyroptosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial damage in renal IRI. Subsequently, GSDME-N accumulated in the mitochondrial membrane, leading to mitochondrial damage and activation of caspase3, which generated a feed-forward loop of self-amplification injury. However, GSDME knockout resulted in the amelioration of renal IRI. Moreover, the current study found that the transcription factor CHOP was activated much earlier in renal IRI. Inhibition of BCL-2 by CHOP leaded to casapse3 activation, resulting in mitochondrial damage and apoptosis; not only that, but CHOP positively regulated GSDME thereby causing pyroptosis. Therefore, this study explored the transcriptional mechanisms of GSDME during IRI development and the important role of CHOP/Caspase3/GSDME mechanistic axis in regulating pyroptosis in renal IRI. This axis might serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ma
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Lu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The Zhongda Affilicated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Ni
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Pharmaceutical Preparations and Clinical Pharmacy, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzheng Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Xia
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiagen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Gao Z, Li R, Li Q, Han Y, Huo Y, Zhang Q, Hu Z, Liu L. Central venous pressure combined with renal venous impedance index in predicting the acute kidney injury after thoracic and abdominal (non-cardiac) surgery. Asian J Surg 2024; 47:477-485. [PMID: 37438153 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the 21st century, 13% of patients undergoing open abdominal surgery, 25% of patients undergoing heart surgery, and 57% of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are affected by acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS This prospective observational study included patients admitted directly to the ICU between June 2021 and December 2021. RESULTS A total of 81 patients were enrolled after thoracic and abdominal (non-cardiac) surgery; 36 patients (44.4%) were diagnosed with AKI occurred within 7 days after surgery. Six-hour postoperative central venous pressure(CVP) was a risk factor for AKI in thoracic and abdominal (non-cardiac) postoperative patients (odds ratio [OR], 1.418; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.106-1.819; P = 0.006). Six-hour postoperative vein impedance index(VII) and CVP were significantly positively correlated (P = 0.031). The combination of 6-h postoperative VII with CVP (VII ≥0.34, CVP ≥7.5 mmHg) showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.787, In the subgroup analysis of patients with 6-h postoperative CVP <7.5 mmHg, there was a significant statistical difference in 6-h postoperative VII between the groups and those without AKI (P = 0.048). At 6-h postoperative CVP <7.5 mmHg, VII of ≥0.44 had a predictive value for AKI after thoracic and abdominal (non-cardiac) surgery, with an AUC of 0.669, a sensitivity of 41.2%, and a specificity of 94.4%. CONCLUSION Six-hour postoperative CVP combined with VII can better predict the occurrence of AKI occurred within 7 days after thoracic and abdominal (non-cardiac) surgery but cannot predict the severity of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetong Gao
- Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group(CCUSG), Department of Critical Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Rong Li
- Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group(CCUSG), Department of Critical Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group(CCUSG), Department of Critical Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Yaqi Han
- Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group(CCUSG), Department of Critical Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Yan Huo
- Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group(CCUSG), Department of Critical Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group(CCUSG), Department of Critical Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Zhenjie Hu
- Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group(CCUSG), Department of Critical Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Lixia Liu
- Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group(CCUSG), Department of Critical Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China.
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Orieux A, Prezelin-Reydit M, Prevel R, Combe C, Gruson D, Boyer A, Rubin S. Clinical trajectories and impact of acute kidney disease after acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: a 5-year single-centre cohort study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023; 38:167-176. [PMID: 35238922 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients suffering from acute kidney injury(AKI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) can have various renal trajectories and outcomes. Aims were to assess the various clinical trajectories after AKI in the ICU and to determine risk factors for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS We conducted a prospective 5-year follow-up study in a medical ICU at Bordeaux University Hospital (France). The patients who received invasive mechanical ventilation, catecholamine infusion or both and developed an AKI from September 2013 to May 2015 were included. In the Cox analysis, the violation of the proportional hazard assumption for AKD was handled using appropriate interaction terms with time, resulting in a time-dependent hazard ratio (HR). RESULTS A total of 232 patients were enrolled, with an age of 62 ± 16 years and a median follow-up of 52 days (interquartile range 6-1553). On day 7, 109/232 (47%) patients progressed to acute kidney disease (AKD) and 66/232 (28%) recovered. A linear trajectory (AKI, AKD to CKD) was followed by 44/63 (70%) of the CKD patients. The cumulative incidence of CKD was 30% [95% confidence interval (CI) 24-36] at the 5-year follow-up. In a multivariable Cox model, in the 6 months following AKI, the HR for CKD was higher in AKD patients [HR 29.2 (95% CI 8.5-100.7); P < 0.0001). After 6 months, the HR for CKD was 2.2 (95% CI 0.6-7.9; P = 0.21; n = 172 patients). CONCLUSION There were several clinical trajectories of kidney disease after ICU-acquired AKI. CKD risk was higher in AKD patients only in the first 6 months. Lack of renal recovery rather than AKD per se was associated with the risk of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Orieux
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathilde Prezelin-Reydit
- AURAD Aquitaine, 2, allée des demoiselles, Gradignan, France.,Unité INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health, ISPED, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Renaud Prevel
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christian Combe
- Service de Néphrologie, Transplantation, Dialyse, Aphérèses, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Unité INSERM Biotis U1026, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Gruson
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Unité INSERM U1045, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandre Boyer
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Unité INSERM U1045, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sébastien Rubin
- Service de Néphrologie, Transplantation, Dialyse, Aphérèses, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Unité INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Soum E, Timsit JF, Ruckly S, Gruson D, Canet E, Klouche K, Argaud L, Garrouste-Orgeas M, Mariat C, Vincent F, Cayot S, Darmon M, Bohé J, Schwebel C, Bouadma L, Dupuis C, Souweine B, Lautrette A. Predictive factors for severe long-term chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients: an ancillary study of the ELVIS randomized controlled trial. Crit Care 2022; 26:367. [PMID: 36447221 PMCID: PMC9706988 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a serious complication in the ICU that results in increased mortality and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Some studies suggest RRT modality may have an impact on long-term renal recovery after AKI. However, other predictive factors of severe long-term CKD in ICU patients with AKI requiring RRT are unknown. METHODS We performed an ancillary study of the multicenter ELVIS trial in the population with AKI requiring RRT. Patients alive 3 months after RRT initiation were eligible. Serum creatinine levels available at 3, 6 and 12 months and 3 and 5 years were recorded. CKD stage was determined according to the glomerular filtration rate as estimated by the CKD-EPI formula. At each timepoint, two groups of patients were compared, a no/mild CKD group with normal or mildly to moderately decreased renal function (stages 1, 2 and 3 of the international classification) and a severe CKD group (stages 4 and 5). Our objective was to identify predictive factors of severe long-term CKD. RESULTS Of the 287 eligible patients, 183 had follow-up at 3 months, 136 (74.3%) from the no/mild CKD group and 47 (25.7%) from the severe CKD group, and 122 patients at 5 years comprising 96 (78.7%) from the no/mild CKD group and 26 (21.3%) from the severe CKD group. Multivariate analysis showed that a long RRT period was associated with severe CKD up to 12 months (ORM12 = 1.03 95% CI [1.02-1.05] per day) and that a high SOFA score at the initiation of RRT was not associated with severe CKD up to 5 years (ORM60 = 0.85 95% CI [0.77-0.93] per point). CONCLUSION Severe long-term CKD was found in 21% of ICU survivors who underwent RRT for AKI. The duration of the RRT in AKI patients was identified as a new predictive factor for severe long-term CKD. This finding should be taken into consideration in future studies on the prognosis of ICU patients with AKI requiring RRT. Trial registration ELVIS trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number: NCT00875069 (June 16, 2014), and this ancillary study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number: NCT03302624 (October 6, 2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Soum
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Intensive Care Medicine, Montpied Teaching Hospital, 54 Rue Montalembert, BP69, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, Cedex 1, France
| | - Jean-François Timsit
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Albert Michallon Teaching Hospital, Grenoble, France ,Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bichat-Claude Bernard Teaching Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Didier Gruson
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Pellegrin Teaching Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Canet
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Saint Louis Teaching Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Kada Klouche
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Lapeyronie Teaching Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Argaud
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Edouard Herriot Teaching Hospital, Lyon, France
| | | | - Christophe Mariat
- Nephrology and Critical Care Unit, Nord Teaching Hospital, Saint Etienne, France
| | - François Vincent
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Avicenne Teaching Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Cayot
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Estaing Teaching Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Michael Darmon
- grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Medical Intensive Care Unit, Nord Teaching Hospital, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Julien Bohé
- grid.413852.90000 0001 2163 3825Medical Intensive Care Unit, Groupement Hospitalier Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite, Lyon, France
| | - Carole Schwebel
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Albert Michallon Teaching Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Lila Bouadma
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bichat-Claude Bernard Teaching Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Claire Dupuis
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Intensive Care Medicine, Montpied Teaching Hospital, 54 Rue Montalembert, BP69, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, Cedex 1, France
| | - Bertrand Souweine
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Intensive Care Medicine, Montpied Teaching Hospital, 54 Rue Montalembert, BP69, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, Cedex 1, France ,grid.494717.80000000115480420LMGE (Laboratoire Micro-Organismes: Génome et Environnement), UMR CNRS 6023, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Lautrette
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Intensive Care Medicine, Montpied Teaching Hospital, 54 Rue Montalembert, BP69, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, Cedex 1, France ,grid.494717.80000000115480420LMGE (Laboratoire Micro-Organismes: Génome et Environnement), UMR CNRS 6023, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Wu CY, Liu JS, Chen CH, Huang CT, Yu TM, Chuang YW, Huang ST, Hsu CC, Wu MJ. Early Comprehensive Kidney Care in Dialysis-Requiring Acute Kidney Injury Survivors: A Populational Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:847462. [PMID: 35530035 PMCID: PMC9072865 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.847462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundFor patients with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), a strong and graded relationship exists between AKI severity and mortality. One of the most severe entities of AKI is Dialysis-Requiring Acute Kidney Injury (D-AKI), which is associated with high rates of mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). For this high-risk population group, there is a lack of evidence regarding optimal post-AKI care. We propose that post-AKI care through the combined efforts of the nephrologist and the multidisciplinary care team may improve outcomes. Our aim here is to study for survivors of dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury, the effects of implementing early comprehensive kidney care.MethodsThis is a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of Taiwanese through analyzing the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). We included patients with acute dialysis during hospitalization from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018. Propensity match was done at 1:1, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on CKD-EPI which was performed due to large initial disparities between these two cohorts.ResultsAfter the propensity match, each cohort had 4,988 patients. The mean eGFR based on CKD-EPI was 27.5 ml/min/1.73 m2, and the mean follow-up period was 1.4 years.The hazard ratio for chronic dialysis or ESRD was 0.55 (95% CI, 0.49–0.62; p < 0.001). The hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.57–0.88; p < 0.001). Both outcomes favored early comprehensive kidney care.ConclusionsFor survivors of dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury, early comprehensive kidney care significantly lowered risks of chronic dialysis and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yi Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Liu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsu Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Te Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Min Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chuang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ting Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Cheng Hsu
| | - Ming-Ju Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- RongHsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ming-Ju Wu
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[Acute kidney injury in intensive care unit: A review]. Nephrol Ther 2021; 18:7-20. [PMID: 34872863 DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2021.07.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is a common complication in intensive care unit. Its incidence is variable according to the studies. It is considered to occur in more than 50 % of patients. Acute kidney injury is responsible for an increase in morbidity (length of hospitalization, renal replacement therapy) but also for excess mortality. The commonly accepted definition of acute kidney injury comes from the collaborative workgroup named Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). It made it possible to standardize practices and raise awareness among practitioners about monitoring plasma creatinine and also diuresis. Acute kidney injury in intensive care unit is a systemic disease including circulatory, endothelial, epithelial and cellular function involvement and an acute kidney injury is not accompanied by ad integrum repair. After prolonged injury, inadequate repair begins with a fibrotic process. Several mechanisms are involved (cell cycle arrest, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, mitochondrial dysfunction) and result in improper repair. A continuum exists between acute kidney disease and chronic kidney disease, characterized by different renal recovery phenotypes. Thus, preventive measures to prevent the occurrence of kidney damage play a major role in management. The nephrologist must be involved at every stage, from the prevention of the first acute kidney injury (upon arrival in intensive care unit) to long-term follow-up and the care of a chronic kidney disease.
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9
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Does Artificial Intelligence Make Clinical Decision Better? A Review of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Acute Kidney Injury Prediction. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121662. [PMID: 34946388 PMCID: PMC8701097 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of hospitalization that greatly and negatively affects the short-term and long-term outcomes of patients. Current guidelines use serum creatinine level and urine output rate for defining AKI and as the staging criteria of AKI. However, because they are not sensitive or specific markers of AKI, clinicians find it difficult to predict the occurrence of AKI and prescribe timely treatment. Advances in computing technology have led to the recent use of machine learning and artificial intelligence in AKI prediction, recent research reported that by using electronic health records (EHR) the AKI prediction via machine-learning models can reach AUROC over 0.80, in some studies even reach 0.93. Our review begins with the background and history of the definition of AKI, and the evolution of AKI risk factors and prediction models is also appraised. Then, we summarize the current evidence regarding the application of e-alert systems and machine-learning models in AKI prediction.
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Vijayan A, Abdel-Rahman EM, Liu KD, Goldstein SL, Agarwal A, Okusa MD, Cerda J. Recovery after Critical Illness and Acute Kidney Injury. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 16:1601-1609. [PMID: 34462285 PMCID: PMC8499012 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.19601220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AKI is a common complication in hospitalized and critically ill patients. Its incidence has steadily increased over the past decade. Whether transient or prolonged, AKI is an independent risk factor associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes, even if patients do not require KRT. Most patients with early AKI improve with conservative management; however, some will require dialysis for a few days, a few weeks, or even months. Approximately 10%-30% of AKI survivors may still need dialysis after hospital discharge. These patients have a higher associated risk of death, rehospitalization, recurrent AKI, and CKD, and a lower quality of life. Survivors of critical illness may also suffer from cognitive dysfunction, muscle weakness, prolonged ventilator dependence, malnutrition, infections, chronic pain, and poor wound healing. Collaboration and communication among nephrologists, primary care physicians, rehabilitation providers, physical therapists, nutritionists, nurses, pharmacists, and other members of the health care team are essential to create a holistic and patient-centric care plan for overall recovery. Integration of the patient and family members in health care decisions, and ongoing education throughout the process, are vital to improve patient well-being. From the nephrologist standpoint, assessing and promoting recovery of kidney function, and providing appropriate short- and long-term follow-up, are crucial to prevent rehospitalizations and to reduce complications. Return to baseline functional status is the ultimate goal for most patients, and dialysis independence is an important part of that goal. In this review, we seek to highlight the varying aspects and stages of recovery from AKI complicating critical illness, and propose viable strategies to promote recovery of kidney function and dialysis independence. We also emphasize the need for ongoing research and multidisciplinary collaboration to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha Vijayan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Emaad M. Abdel-Rahman
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kathleen D. Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stuart L. Goldstein
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Division of Nephrology, Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mark D. Okusa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jorge Cerda
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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11
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Wang H, Ji X, Wang AY, Wu PK, Liu Z, Dong L, Liu J, Duan M. Epidemiology of Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Beijing, China: A Descriptive Analysis. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:5631-5649. [PMID: 34548815 PMCID: PMC8449640 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s320768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is the most common contributing factor towards development of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is strongly associated to poor prognostic outcomes. There are numerous epidemiological studies about sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI), however current literature is limited with the majority of studies being conducted only in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiology of S-AKI in all hospitalized in-patients. Methods This was a retrospective population-based study using a large regional population database in Beijing city from January, 2005 to December, 2017. It included patients with S-AKI. Patients with pre-existing end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), previous history of kidney transplantation, or being pregnant were excluded. Patients’ demographic characteristics, incidence, risk factors and outcomes of S-AKI were analyzed. The contrast between different time periods, different levels of hospitals, and types of the hospitals (traditional Chinese medicine hospitals (TCMHs) and western medicine hospitals (WMHs)) was also compared using Mann–Whitney U-test. Results A total of 19,579 patients were included. The overall incidence of S-AKI in all in-patients was 48.1%. The significant risk factors by multivariate analysis for AKI included: age, male, being treated in a level-II hospital, pre-existing hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cirrhosis, atrial fibrillation (AF), ischemic heart disease (IHD), being admitted from emergency room, ICU admission, shock, pneumonia, intra-abdominal infection, bloodstream infection, respiratory insufficiency, acute liver injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and metabolic encephalopathy. The overall mortality rate in this cohort was 55%. The multivariate analysis showed that the significant risk factors for mortality included: age, being treated in a level-II hospital and TCMHs, being admitted from emergency room, pre-existing comorbidities (CKD, malignancy, cirrhosis and AF), shock, pneumonia, intra-abdominal infection, bloodstream infection, central nervous system (CNS) infection and respiratory insufficiency. Conclusion AKI is a common complication in patients with sepsis, and its incidence increases over time, especially when ICU admission is required. Exploring interventional strategies to address modifiable risk factors will be important to reduce incidence and mortality of S-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiman Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Amanda Ying Wang
- Division of the Renal and Metabolic, George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Concord Clinical School, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Renal Medicine, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, Australia
| | | | - Zhuang Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Meili Duan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
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12
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Sharif S, Chen B, Brewster P, Chen T, Dworkin L, Gong R. Rationale and Design of Assessing the Effectiveness of Short-Term Low-Dose Lithium Therapy in Averting Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo Controlled Pilot Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:639402. [PMID: 34195206 PMCID: PMC8236527 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.639402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Burgeoning pre-clinical evidence suggests that therapeutic targeting of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), a convergence point of multiple cellular protective signaling pathways, confers a beneficial effect on acute kidney injury (AKI) in experimental models. However, it remains unknown if GSK3β inhibition likewise mitigates AKI in humans. Cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) poses a significant challenge for clinicians and currently the only treatment available is general supportive measures. Lithium, an FDA approved mood stabilizer, is the best-known GSK3β inhibitor and has been safely used for over half a century as the first line regimen to treat bipolar affective disorders. This study attempts to examine the effectiveness of short term low dose lithium on CSA-AKI in human patients. Methods/Design: This is a single center, prospective, randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled pilot study on patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients will be randomized to receive a small dose of lithium or placebo treatment for three consecutive days. Renal function will be measured via creatinine as well as novel AKI biomarkers. The primary outcome is incidence of AKI according to Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria, and secondary outcomes include receipt of new dialysis, days on dialysis, days on mechanical ventilation, infections within 1 month of surgery, and death within 90 days of surgery. Discussion: As a standard selective inhibitor of GSK3β, lithium has been shown to exert a beneficial effect on tissue repair and regeneration upon acute injury in multiple organ systems, including the central nervous system and hematopoietic system. In experimental AKI, lithium at small doses is able to ameliorate AKI and promote kidney repair. Successful completion of this study will help to assess the effectiveness of lithium in CSA-AKI and could potentially pave the way for large-scale randomized trials to thoroughly evaluate the efficacy of this novel regimen for preventing AKI after cardiac surgery. Trial Registration: This study was registered prospectively on the 17th February 2017 at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03056248, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03056248?term=NCT03056248&draw=2&rank=1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairah Sharif
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, St Francis Hospital, New York, NY, United States.,Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Bohan Chen
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, United States.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Pamela Brewster
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Lance Dworkin
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, United States.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Rujun Gong
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, United States.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, United States
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13
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Abstract
While intraoperative mortality has diminished greatly over the last several decades, the risk of death within 30 days of surgery remains stubbornly high and is ultimately related to perioperative organ failure. Perioperative strokes, while rare (<2% in noncardiac surgery), are associated with a more than 10-fold increase in mortality. Rapid identification and treatment are key to maximizing long-term outcomes. Postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) are separate but related perioperative neurological disorders, both of which are associated with poor long-term outcomes. To date, there are few known interventions that can ameliorate the risk of perioperative central nervous system dysfunction. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) are a major contributor to adverse clinical outcomes following surgical procedures. Recently, advances in diagnostic strategies (eg, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin [hs-cTn] assays) have improved our understanding of MACE. Recently, the dabigatran in patients with myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS; Management of myocardial injury After NoncArdiac surGEry) trial demonstrated that a direct thrombin inhibitor could improve outcomes following MINS. While the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after surgery is approximately 0.2%, other less severe complications (eg, pneumonia, reintubation) are closer to 2%. While intensive care unit (ICU) concepts related to ARDS have migrated into the operating room, whether or not adverse pulmonary outcomes impact long-term outcomes in surgical patients remains a matter of debate. The standardization of acute kidney injury (AKI) definition has improved the ability of clinicians to measure and study the incidence of this important source of perioperative morbidity. AKI is associated with increased mortality as well as nonrenal morbidity (eg, myocardial infarction) after major surgery. Gastrointestinal complications after surgery range from ileus (common in abdominal procedures and associated with an increased length of stay) to less common complications such as mesenteric ischemia and gastrointestinal bleeding, both of which are associated with very high mortality. Outside of cardiothoracic surgery, the incidence of perioperative hepatic injury is not well described but, in this population, is associated with worsened long-term outcomes. Hyperglycemia is a common perioperative complication and occurs in patients undergoing both cardiac and noncardiac surgery. Both hyper- and hypoglycemia are associated with worsened long-term outcomes in cardiac and noncardiac surgery. Better diagnosis and increased understanding of perioperative organ injury has led to an increased appreciation for the specific role that particular organ systems play in poor long-term outcomes and has set the stage for targeted therapeutic interventions.
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14
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Dahlerus C, Segal JH, He K, Wu W, Chen S, Shearon TH, Sun Y, Pearson A, Li X, Messana JM. Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis and Incident Dialysis Patient Outcomes in US Outpatient Dialysis Facilities. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 16:853-861. [PMID: 34045300 PMCID: PMC8216606 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.18311120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES About 30% of patients with AKI may require ongoing dialysis in the outpatient setting after hospital discharge. A 2017 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services policy change allows Medicare beneficiaries with AKI requiring dialysis to receive outpatient treatment in dialysis facilities. Outcomes for these patients have not been reported. We compare patient characteristics and mortality among patients with AKI requiring dialysis and patients without AKI requiring incident dialysis. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We used a retrospective cohort design with 2017 Medicare claims to follow outpatients with AKI requiring dialysis and patients without AKI requiring incident dialysis up to 365 days. Outcomes are unadjusted and adjusted mortality using Kaplan-Meier estimation for unadjusted survival probability, Poisson regression for monthly mortality, and Cox proportional hazards modeling for adjusted mortality. RESULTS In total, 10,821 of 401,973 (3%) Medicare patients requiring dialysis had at least one AKI claim, and 52,626 patients were Medicare patients without AKI requiring incident dialysis. Patients with AKI requiring dialysis were more likely to be White (76% versus 70%), non-Hispanic (92% versus 87%), and age 60 or older (82% versus 72%) compared with patients without AKI requiring incident dialysis. Unadjusted mortality was markedly higher for patients with AKI requiring dialysis compared with patients without AKI requiring incident dialysis. Adjusted mortality differences between both cohorts persisted through month 4 of the follow-up period (all P=0.01), then, they declined and were no longer statistically significant. Adjusted monthly mortality stratified by Black and other race between patients with AKI requiring dialysis and patients without AKI requiring incident dialysis was lower throughout month 4 (1.5 versus 0.60, 1.20 versus 0.84, 1.00 versus 0.80, and 0.95 versus 0.74; all P<0.001), which persisted through month 7. Overall adjusted mortality risk was 22% higher for patients with AKI requiring dialysis (1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.17 to 1.27). CONCLUSIONS In fully adjusted analyses, patients with AKI requiring dialysis had higher early mortality compared with patients without AKI requiring incident dialysis, but these differences declined after several months. Differences were also observed by age, race, and ethnicity within both patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Dahlerus
- Division of Nephrology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jonathan H. Segal
- Division of Nephrology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kevin He
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shu Chen
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tempie H. Shearon
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yating Sun
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Aaron Pearson
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xiang Li
- Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joseph M. Messana
- Division of Nephrology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Kidney Epidemiology and Cost Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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15
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Costa NA, Polegato BF, Pereira AG, Paiva SARD, Gut AL, Balbi AL, Ponce D, Zornoff LAM, Azevedo PS, Minicucci MF. Evaluation of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 and PADI4 polymorphisms in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2020; 66:1515-1520. [PMID: 33295402 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.11.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate the peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD 4) concentration and PADI4 polymorphisms as predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI) development, the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT), and mortality in patients with septic shock. METHODS We included all individuals aged ≥ 18 years, with a diagnosis of septic shock at ICU admission. Blood samples were taken within the first 24 hours of the patient's admission to determine serum PAD4 concentration and its PADI4 polymorphism (rs11203367) and (rs874881). Patients were monitored during their ICU stay and the development of SAKI was evaluated. Among the patients in whom SAKI developed, mortality and the need for RRT were also evaluated. RESULTS There were 99 patients, 51.5% of whom developed SAKI and of these, 21.5% needed RRT and 80% died in the ICU. There was no difference between PAD4 concentration (p = 0.116) and its polymorphisms rs11203367 (p = 0.910) and rs874881 (p = 0.769) in patients in whom SAKI did or did not develop. However, PAD4 had a positive correlation with plasma urea concentration (r = 0.269 and p = 0.007) and creatinine (r = 0.284 and p = 0.004). The PAD4 concentration and PADI4 polymorphisms were also not associated with RRT and with mortality in patients with SAKI. CONCLUSION PAD4 concentration and its polymorphisms were not associated with SAKI development, the need for RRT, or mortality in patients with septic shock. However, PAD4 concentrations were associated with creatinine and urea levels in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Aline Costa
- Professora Adjunta da Faculdade de Nutrição da Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiania, GO, Brasil
| | - Bertha Furlan Polegato
- Professor(a) Associado(a) da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Unesp, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Amanda Gomes Pereira
- Aluna do Programa de Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - Unesp, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Ana Lúcia Gut
- Professor(a) Associado(a) da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Unesp, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - André Luís Balbi
- Professor(a) Associado(a) da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Unesp, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniela Ponce
- Médica Livre-docente e Coordenadora do Programa de Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - Unesp, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Paula Schmidt Azevedo
- Professor(a) Associado(a) da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Unesp, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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16
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Clinical characteristics and short-term outcome of dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.749996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Long TE, Helgason D, Helgadottir S, Sigurdsson GH, Palsson R, Sigurdsson MI, Indridason OS. Mild Stage 1 post-operative acute kidney injury: association with chronic kidney disease and long-term survival. Clin Kidney J 2020; 14:237-244. [PMID: 33564424 PMCID: PMC7857788 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mild cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) are identified by a small rise in serum creatinine (SCr) according to the KDIGO AKI definition. The aim of this study was to examine the long-term outcomes of individuals with mild AKI. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study of all adult patients who underwent abdominal, cardiothoracic, vascular or orthopaedic surgery at Landspitali–The National University Hospital of Iceland in 1998–2015. Incident chronic kidney disease (CKD), progression of pre-existing CKD and long-term survival were compared between patients with mild Stage 1 AKI (defined as a rise in SCr of ≥26.5 μmol/L within 48 h post-operatively without reaching 1.5× baseline SCr within 7 days), and a propensity score-matched control group without AKI stratified by the presence of CKD. Results Pre- and post-operative SCr values were available for 47 333 (42%) surgeries. Of those, 1161 (2.4%) had mild Stage 1 AKI and 2355 (5%) more severe forms of AKI. Mild Stage 1 AKI was associated with both incident CKD and progression of pre-existing CKD (P < 0.001). After exclusion of post-operative deaths within 30 days, mild Stage 1 AKI was not associated with worse 1-year survival in patients with preserved kidney function (94% versus 94%, P = 0.660), and same was true for patients with pre-operative CKD (83% versus 82%, P = 0.870) compared with their matched individuals. Conclusions. Mild Stage 1 AKI is associated with development and progression of CKD, but not with inferior 1-year survival. These findings support the inclusion of a small absolute increase in SCr in the definition of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorir Einarsson Long
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Dadi Helgason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Solveig Helgadottir
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Akademiska University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gisli Heimir Sigurdsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Division of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Runolfur Palsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Division of Nephrology, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Martin Ingi Sigurdsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Division of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Olafur Skuli Indridason
- Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Division of Nephrology, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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18
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The Incidence of Chronic Kidney Disease Three Years after Non-Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients: A Single-Center Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122215. [PMID: 31847384 PMCID: PMC6947258 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) following severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients is well documented, but not after less severe AKI. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term incidence of CKD after non-severe AKI in critically ill patients. This prospective single-center observational three-years follow-up study was conducted in the medical intensive care unit in Bordeaux's hospital (France). From 2013 to 2015, all patients with severe (kidney disease improving global outcomes (KDIGO) stage 3) and non-severe AKI (KDIGO stages 1, 2) were enrolled. Patients with prior eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 were excluded. Primary outcome was the three-year incidence of CKD stages 3 to 5 in the non-severe AKI group. We enrolled 232 patients. Non-severe AKI was observed in 112 and severe AKI in 120. In the non-severe AKI group, 71 (63%) were male, age was 62 ± 16 years. The reason for admission was sepsis for 56/112 (50%). Sixty-two (55%) patients died and nine (8%) were lost to follow-up. At the end of the follow-up the incidence of CKD was 22% (9/41); Confidence Interval (CI) 95% (9.3-33.60)% in the non-severe AKI group, tending to be significantly lower than in the severe AKI group (44% (14/30); CI 95% (28.8-64.5)%; p = 0.052). The development of CKD three years after non-severe AKI, despite it being lower than after severe AKI, appears to be a frequent event highlighting the need for prolonged follow-up.
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19
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Aylward RE, van der Merwe E, Pazi S, van Niekerk M, Ensor J, Baker D, Freercks RJ. Risk factors and outcomes of acute kidney injury in South African critically ill adults: a prospective cohort study. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:460. [PMID: 31822290 PMCID: PMC6902455 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a marked paucity of data concerning AKI in Sub-Saharan Africa, where there is a substantial burden of trauma and HIV. Methods Prospective data was collected on all patients admitted to a multi-disciplinary ICU in South Africa during 2017. Development of AKI (before or during ICU admission) was recorded and renal recovery 90 days after ICU discharge was determined. Results Of 849 admissions, the mean age was 42.5 years and mean SAPS 3 score was 48.1. Comorbidities included hypertension (30.5%), HIV (32.6%), diabetes (13.3%), CKD (7.8%) and active tuberculosis (6.2%). The most common reason for admission was trauma (26%). AKI developed in 497 (58.5%). Male gender, illness severity, length of stay, vasopressor drugs and sepsis were independently associated with AKI. AKI was associated with a higher in-hospital mortality rate of 31.8% vs 7.23% in those without AKI. Age, active tuberculosis, higher SAPS 3 score, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor support and sepsis were associated with an increased adjusted odds ratio for death. HIV was not independently associated with AKI or hospital mortality. CKD developed in 14 of 110 (12.7%) patients with stage 3 AKI; none were dialysis-dependent. Conclusions In this large prospective multidisciplinary ICU cohort of younger patients, AKI was common, often associated with trauma in addition to traditional risk factors and was associated with good functional renal recovery at 90 days in most survivors. Although the HIV prevalence was high and associated with higher mortality, this was related to the severity of illness and not to HIV status per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Aylward
- Adult Critical Care Unit, Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
| | - Elizabeth van der Merwe
- Adult Critical Care Unit, Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Sisa Pazi
- Department of Statistics, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Minette van Niekerk
- Adult Critical Care Unit, Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Jason Ensor
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Department of Medicine, Division Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Debbie Baker
- Adult Critical Care Unit, Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Robert J Freercks
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Department of Medicine, Division Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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20
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Yeh HC, Ting IW, Huang HC, Chiang HY, Kuo CC. Acute Kidney Injury in the Outpatient Setting Associates with Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease and Death in Patients with CKD. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17658. [PMID: 31776433 PMCID: PMC6881443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Current acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnostic criteria are restricted to the inpatient setting. We proposed a new AKI diagnostic algorithm for the outpatient setting and evaluate whether outpatient AKI (AKIOPT) modifies the disease course among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) enrolled in the national predialysis registry. AKIOPT was detected when a 50% increase in serum creatinine level or 35% decline in eGFR was observed in the 180-day period prior to enrollment in the predialysis care program. Outcomes were progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and all-cause mortality. Association analyses were performed using multiple Cox regression and coarsened exact matching (CEM) analysis. Among 6,046 patients, 31.5% (1,905 patients) had developed AKIOPT within the 180-day period before enrollment. The adjusted hazard ratios of the 1-year and overall risk of ESRD among patients with preceding AKIOPT compared with those without AKIOPT were 2.61 (95% CI: 2.15-3.18) and 1.97 (1.72-2.26), respectively. For 1-year and overall risk of all-cause mortality, patients with AKIOPT had respectively a 141% (95% CI: 89-209%) and 84% (56-117%) higher risk than those without AKIOPT. This statistical inference remained robust in CEM analysis. We also discovered a complete reversal in the eGFR slope before and after the AKIOPT from -10.61 ± 0.32 to 0.25 ± 0.30 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year; however, the loss of kidney function is not recovered. The new AKIOPT diagnostic algorithm provides prognostic insight in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chieh Yeh
- AKI-CARE (Clinical Advancement, Research and Education) Center, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Ting
- AKI-CARE (Clinical Advancement, Research and Education) Center, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chun Huang
- Big Data Center, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Yin Chiang
- Big Data Center, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chi Kuo
- AKI-CARE (Clinical Advancement, Research and Education) Center, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Big Data Center, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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21
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Kamaruddin M, Hamid SAA, Adnan AS, Naing NN, Wan Adnan WNA. Associated factors of dialysis-dependence among acute kidney injury patients in intensive care unit. SAUDI JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES AND TRANSPLANTATION 2019; 30:1131-1136. [PMID: 31696852 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.270269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common problem in hospitals and many end up requiring dialysis. The aim was to identify the associated factors of dialysis-dependent of AKI patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs). A retrospective cohort study was conducted where a list of 121 AKI patients admitted to ICU in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia was retrospectively reviewed. AKI patients aged below 18 years old, had kidney transplantation or chronic dialysis before ICU admission and had incomplete medical record were excluded from the study. Simple and multiple logistic regression analysis were used. The mean [standard deviation (SD)] age of patients was 56 (17.15) years. Majority of patients were males (63.2%) and Malay ethnic (54.1%). 49.3% of patients were in stage I, 48.3% in stage II and 76.2% in stage III. The mean (SD) duration of patients stayed in ICU was 7 days (6.92) for non-dialysis dependent and 12 days (8.37) for dialysis-dependent. The associated factors were male gender [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 3.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53, 8.86; P = 0.004], AKI Stage III (adjusted OR: 4.51; 95% CI: 1.28, 15.91; P = 0.019), admitted in ICU (adjusted OR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.28, 7.29; P = 0.012), and longer length of stay (adjusted OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.18; P = 0.003). The factors influence of dialysis-requiring AKI were observed to be dependent on the male male gender, suffer from the advanced stage (Stage III), admitted to the ICU and had a longer length of stay in ICU. Therefore, it is important for physicians to identify patients who are at high risk of developing AKI and implement preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mardhiah Kamaruddin
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology; Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti-Azrin Ab Hamid
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azreen Syazril Adnan
- Chronic Kidney Disease Resources Center, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan; Management and Science University, MSU Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nyi Nyi Naing
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Alscher MD, Erley C, Kuhlmann MK. Acute Renal Failure of Nosocomial Origin. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 116:149-158. [PMID: 30961801 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 10-20% of hospitalized patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI)/acute renal failure during their hospital stay. The mortality of nosocomial AKI is approximately 30%. METHODS This review is based on relevant publications retrieved by a search in multiple databases (PubMed and Uptodate), archives, and pertinent medical journals. RESULTS The most common causes of nosocomial AKI are volume depletion, sepsis, heart diseases, polytrauma, liver diseases, and drug toxicity. AKI can also be of postrenal (obstructive) origin, or a result of renal diseases including glomeruloneph- ritis, vasculitis, tubulointerstitial nephritis, and cholesterol embolism. In about 13% of cases, nosocomial AKI develops on the basis of pre-existing chronic renal disease. Patients with AKI are at elevated risk of developing chronic renal disease and must be followed up appropriately after they are discharged from the hospital. Indispens- able elements of the evaluation of nosocomial AKI include renal ultrasonography, the exclusion of postrenal obstruction, urine chemistry, and microbiological urinaly- sis. Potentially nephrotoxic drugs and those that impair renal hemodynamics must be avoided to the greatest possible extent in patients with acute renal damage. Hypotension must be avoided as well. CONCLUSION Early, specific nephrological diagnosis and treatment are important components of the management of nosocomial AKI, particularly because causally directed treatment is available for some of the conditions that underlie it.
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Postdischarge Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events of ICU Survivors Who Received Acute Renal Replacement Therapy. Crit Care Med 2019; 46:e1047-e1054. [PMID: 30095497 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long-term risk of a major adverse cardiovascular events in ICU survivors who underwent acute renal replacement therapy requires further investigation. DESIGN Nationwide population-based study using the claims database of Korea. SETTING Index admission cases of ICU survivors in government-designated tertiary hospitals PATIENTS:: The study group consisted of ICU survivors who underwent acute renal replacement therapy, and the control group consisted of those without acute renal replacement therapy. Patients were excluded if they 1) were under age 20, 2) expired within 30 days after discharge, 3) received ICU care for less than 24 hours, 4) had a previous ICU admission, 5) had a history of major adverse cardiovascular event, or 6) had a major adverse cardiovascular event-related cardio/cerebrovascular diseases. The outcomes of the patients who received continuous renal replacement therapy were compared with those of patients who received only intermittent renal replacement therapy. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Information regarding patient characteristics and treatment modalities was collected and adjusted. The main outcome was major adverse cardiovascular event, including acute myocardial infarction, revascularization, and acute ischemic stroke. Patient mortality and progression to end-stage renal disease were also evaluated. We included 12,380 acute renal replacement therapy patients and 382,018 patients in the control group. Among the study group, 6,891 patients were included in the continuous renal replacement therapy group, and 5,034 in the intermittent renal replacement therapy group. The risks of major adverse cardiovascular event (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.463 [1.323-1.619]; p < 0.001), all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.323 [1.256-1.393]; p < 0.001), and end-stage renal disease (adjusted hazard ratio, 18.110 [15.779-20.786]; p < 0.001) were higher in the acute renal replacement therapy patients than the control group. When we compared the continuous renal replacement therapy patients with the intermittent renal replacement therapy patients, the risk of major adverse cardiovascular event was comparable (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.049 [0.888-1.239]; p = 0.575). CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should note the increased risk of a long-term major adverse cardiovascular event in acute renal replacement therapy patients and consider appropriate risk factor management. Significant difference in the risk of postdischarge major adverse cardiovascular event was not identified between continuous renal replacement therapy and intermittent renal replacement therapy.
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The acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition in a mouse model of acute cardiorenal syndrome emphasizes the role of inflammation. Kidney Int 2019; 97:95-105. [PMID: 31623859 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute cardiorenal syndrome is a common complication of acute cardiovascular disease. Studies of acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition, including patients suffering acute cardiovascular disease, report high rates of CKD development. Therefore, acute cardiorenal syndrome associates with CKD, but no study has established causation. To define this we used a murine cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) model or sham procedure on male mice. CA was induced with potassium chloride while CPR consisted of chest compressions and epinephrine eight minutes later. Two weeks after AKI was induced by CA/CPR, the measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was not different from sham. However, after seven weeks the mice developed CKD, recapitulating clinical observations. One day, and one, two, and seven weeks after CA/CPR, the GFR was measured, and renal tissue sections were evaluated for various indices of injury and inflammation. One day after CA/CPR, acute cardiorenal syndrome was indicated by a significant reduction of the mean GFR (649 in sham, vs. 25 μL/min/100g in CA/CPR animals), KIM-1 positive tubules, and acute tubular necrosis. Renal inflammation developed, with F4/80 positive and CD3-positive cells infiltrating the kidney one day and one week after CA/CPR, respectively. Although there was functional recovery with normalization of GFR two weeks after CA/CPR, deposition of tubulointerstitial matrix proteins α-smooth muscle actin and fibrillin-1 progressed, along with a significantly reduced mean GFR (623 in sham vs. 409 μL/min/100g in CA/CPR animals), proteinuria, increased tissue transforming growth factor-β, and fibrosis establishing the development of CKD seven weeks after CA/CPR. Thus, murine CA/CPR, a model of acute cardiorenal syndrome, causes an AKI-CKD transition likely due to prolonged renal inflammation.
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25
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Jamme M, Ait Hamou Z, Ben Hadj Salem O, Guillemet L, Bougouin W, Pène F, Cariou A, Geri G. Long term renal recovery in survivors after OHCA. Resuscitation 2019; 141:144-150. [PMID: 31271728 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.06.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS In survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent and is associated with numerous factors of definitive renal injury. We made the hypothesis that AKI after OHCA was a strong risk factor of long-term chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to evaluate long-term renal outcome of OHCA survivors according the occurrence of AKI in ICU. METHODS We used prospectively collected data from consecutive OHCA patients admitted between 2007 and 2012 in a tertiary medical ICU. AKI was defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Long-term creatinine level was the last blood creatinine assessment we were able to retrieve. The main outcome was the occurrence of CKD, defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) lower than 60 mL/min/1.73m2 according to the MDRD equation. Long-term mortality was evaluated as well. Factors associated with CKD occurrence were evaluated by competing risk survival analysis (Fine Gray and Cox cause specific models). RESULTS Among the 246 OHCA patients who were discharged alive, outcome of 133 patients was available (median age 55 [iqr 46, 68], 75.2% of male). During a median follow-up time of 1.8 [0.8-2.5] years, CKD occurred in 17 (12.7%) patients and 24 (18%) patients died. A previous history of arterial hypertension (sHR = 3.28[1.15;9.39], p = 0.027; CSH = 4.83 [1.57;14.9], p = 0.006), AKI during ICU stay (sHR = 3.72[1.40;9.84], p = 0.008; CSH = 5.41[1.79;16.3], p = 0.003) and an age higher than 55 (sHR = 6.13[1.55;24.3], p = 0.009; CSH = 2.16[1.72;43.8], p = 0.006) were independently associated with CKD occurrence. AKI was not associated with long-term mortality (sHR = 0.73 [0.27;1.99], p = 0.55; CSH = 0.75 [0.28;2.01], p = 0.57). CONCLUSION In OHCA survivors, CKD was a frequent long-term complication. AKI during ICU stay was a strong determinant of long-term CKD occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Jamme
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, France; Paris Descartes University, France
| | | | - Omar Ben Hadj Salem
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, France; Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Lucie Guillemet
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, France; Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Wulfran Bougouin
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, France; Paris Descartes University, France; INSERM U970, Sudden death expertise centre, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Pène
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, France; Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Alain Cariou
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, France; Paris Descartes University, France; INSERM U970, Sudden death expertise centre, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Geri
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, France; Paris Descartes University, France; INSERM U970, Sudden death expertise centre, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Paris, France.
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Lohse R, Ibsen M, Wiis J, Perner A, Lange T, Damholt MB. Lower short-term mortality in ICU patients on chronic dialysis than in those requiring acute dialysis. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2019; 63:506-514. [PMID: 30511392 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In ICU patients, we aimed to describe the outcomes of those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as compared to those requiring acute renal replacement therapy (RRT). METHODS Retrospective analysis of all adult patients admitted to a general, university hospital ICU from 2005 to 2012. ESRD was defined as use of chronic RRT >90 days prior to admission. RESULTS We included 5927 patients of whom 1004 (17%) received acute RRT and 161 (3%) had pre-existing ESRD requiring RRT. Thirty-day mortality was 42% vs 28% for acute RRT vs ESRD patients (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.90 (0.61-1.34)), and 16% for those not requiring RRT (aHR 0.91 (0.60-1.38) compared to ESRD patients). Ninety-day mortality was 55% vs 45% for acute RRT vs ESRD patients (aHR 0.96 (0.70-1.31)), and 22% for those not requiring RRT (aHR 1.19 (0.84-1.67) compared to ESRD patients). Ninety-day ESRD survivors were younger, less severely ill and needed less vasopressor treatment than 90-day ESRD non-survivors. Five-year mortality was 68% vs 69% for acute RRT vs ESRD patients (aHR 1.06 (0.81-1.39)), and 38% for those not requiring RRT (aHR 1.31 (0.99-1.74) compared to ESRD patients). CONCLUSIONS The crude mortality for patients with pre-existing ESRD was high. Short-term mortality was within range of those not receiving RRT when adjusted for confounders. The severity of acute illness and the burden of comorbidities may be more important than the lack of kidney function per se for the short-term prognosis of RRT patients in the ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Lohse
- Department of Intensive Care; Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Michael Ibsen
- Department of Intensive Care; Nordsjaellands Hospital; Hillerød Denmark
| | - Jørgen Wiis
- Department of Intensive Care; Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Anders Perner
- Department of Intensive Care; Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Theis Lange
- Section of Biostatistics; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Statistical Science; Peking University; Haidian Qu China
| | - Mette Brimnes Damholt
- Department of Nephrology; Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
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Hussain SW, Qadeer A, Munawar K, Qureshi MSS, Khan MT, Abdullah A, Bano S, Shad ZS. Determining the Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury Using the RIFLE Criteria in the Medical Intensive Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Hospital Setting in Pakistan. Cureus 2019; 11:e4071. [PMID: 31016098 PMCID: PMC6464139 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequently encountered clinical condition in hospitalized patients, particularly those admitted to intensive care units (ICU). AKI has its systemic sequelae and contributes to the morbidity of underlying diseases. Methods This descriptive case series aimed to determine the frequency of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU at Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, according to the RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage) criteria. A total of 124 patients were enrolled in this study. RIFLE criteria were applied to determine the frequency of AKI in critically ill patients. Results The frequency of AKI was 68.55% and mortality was 18.55%. The severity of AKI was found to be significantly associated with mortality (p < 0.001). Conclusion AKI is very common in critically ill patients and contributes to the mortality and morbidity of the patients. Early identification of AKI can reduce mortality in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aayesha Qadeer
- Internal Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Kamran Munawar
- Internal Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, PAK
| | | | | | - Azmat Abdullah
- Internal Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Sheher Bano
- Internal Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, PAK
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Long-term risk of adverse outcomes after acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies using consensus definitions of exposure. Kidney Int 2018; 95:160-172. [PMID: 30473140 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Reliable estimates of the long-term outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) are needed to inform clinical practice and guide allocation of health care resources. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the association between AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and death. Systematic searches were performed through EMBASE, MEDLINE, and grey literature sources to identify cohort studies in hospitalized adults that used standardized definitions for AKI, included a non-exposed comparator, and followed patients for at least 1 year. Risk of bias was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta-analyses were performed to pool risk estimates; subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were used to investigate heterogeneity. Of 4973 citations, 82 studies (comprising 2,017,437 participants) were eligible for inclusion. Common sources of bias included incomplete reporting of outcome data, missing biochemical values, and inadequate adjustment for confounders. Individuals with AKI were at increased risk of new or progressive CKD (HR 2.67, 95% CI 1.99-3.58; 17.76 versus 7.59 cases per 100 person-years), ESKD (HR 4.81, 95% CI 3.04-7.62; 0.47 versus 0.08 cases per 100 person-years), and death (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.61-2.02; 13.19 versus 7.26 deaths per 100 person-years). A gradient of risk across increasing AKI stages was demonstrated for all outcomes. For mortality, the magnitude of risk was also modified by clinical setting, baseline kidney function, diabetes, and coronary heart disease. These findings establish the poor long-term outcomes of AKI while highlighting the importance of injury severity and clinical setting in the estimation of risk.
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Jia HM, Zheng Y, Huang LF, Xin X, Ma WL, Jiang YJ, Zheng X, Guo SY, Li WX. Derivation and validation of plasma endostatin for predicting renal recovery from acute kidney injury: a prospective validation study. Crit Care 2018; 22:305. [PMID: 30445971 PMCID: PMC6240328 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-2232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality in surgical patients. Nonrecovery from AKI may increase mortality and early risk stratification seems key to improving clinical outcomes. The aim of the current study was to explore and validate the value of endostatin for predicting failure to recover from AKI. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 198 patients without known chronic kidney disease who underwent noncardiac major surgery and developed new-onset AKI in the first 48 h after admission to the ICU. The biomarkers of plasma endostatin, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C were detected immediately after AKI diagnosis. The primary endpoint was nonrecovery from AKI (within 7 days). Cutoff values of the biomarkers for predicting nonrecovery were determined in a derivation cohort (105 AKI patients). Predictive accuracy was then analyzed in a validation cohort (93 AKI patients). RESULTS Seventy-six of 198 (38.4%) patients failed to recover from AKI onset, with 41 in the derivation cohort and 35 in the validation cohort. Compared with NGAL and cystatin C, endostatin showed a better prediction for nonrecovery, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.776 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.654-0.892, p < 0.001) and an optimal cutoff value of 63.7 ng/ml. The predictive ability for nonrecovery was greatly improved by the prediction model combining endostatin with clinical risk factors of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and AKI classification, with an AUC of 0.887 (95% CI 0.766-0.958, p < 0.001). The value of the endostatin-clinical risk prediction model was superior to the NGAL-clinical risk and cystatin C-clinical risk prediction models in predicting failure to recover from AKI, which was supported by net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement. Further, the endostatin-clinical risk prediction model achieved sensitivity and specificity of 94.6% (76.8-99.1) and 72.7% (57.2-85.0), respectively, when validated in the validation cohort. CONCLUSION Plasma endostatin shows a useful value for predicting failure to recover from AKI. The predictive ability can be greatly improved when endostatin is combined with the SOFA score and AKI classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Miao Jia
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Li-Feng Huang
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Wen-Liang Ma
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yi-Jia Jiang
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Shu-Yan Guo
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Li
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Neugarten J, Golestaneh L. Female sex reduces the risk of hospital-associated acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol 2018; 19:314. [PMID: 30409132 PMCID: PMC6225636 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-018-1122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Female sex has been included as a risk factor in models developed to predict the development of AKI. In addition, the commentary to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Clinical Practice Guideline for AKI concludes that female sex is a risk factor for hospital-acquired AKI. In contrast, a protective effect of female sex has been demonstrated in animal models of ischemic AKI. Methods To further explore this issue, we performed a meta-analysis of AKI studies published between January, 1978 and April, 2018 and identified 83 studies reporting sex-stratified data on the incidence of hospital-associated AKI among nearly 240,000,000 patients. Results Twenty-eight studies (6,758,124 patients) utilized multivariate analysis to assess risk factors for hospital-associated AKI and provided sex-stratified ORs. Meta-analysis of this cohort showed that the risk of developing hospital-associated AKI was significantly greater in men than in women (OR 1.23 (1.11,1.36). Since AKI is not a single disease but instead represents a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by an acute reduction in renal function, we performed subgroup meta-analyses. The association of male sex with AKI was strongest among studies of patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery. Male sex was also associated with AKI in studies which included unselected hospitalized patients and in studies of critically ill patients who received care in an intensive care unit. In contrast, cardiac surgery-associated AKI and radiocontrast-induced AKI showed no sexual dimorphism. Conclusions Our meta-analysis contradicts the established belief that female sex confers a greater risk of AKI and instead suggests a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Neugarten
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 E. 210 St, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
| | - Ladan Golestaneh
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 E. 210 St, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
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Eskola M, Vaara ST, Korhonen A, Sauranen J, Koivuviita N, Honkanen E, Pettilä V, Haapio M, Laru‐Sompa R, Pulkkinen A, Saarelainen M, Reilama M, Rantalainen U, Vääräniemi K, Taskinen M, Boman H, Pirttinen N, Sanisalo T, Kahrapää P, Lohi H, Lantto M, Anderson S, Jääskeläinen K, Tamminen M, Vainiotalo M, Sinkko J, Metso M, Tertti R, Salmela A. One- and three-year outcomes in patients treated with intermittent hemodialysis for acute kidney injury: prospective observational multicenter post-hoc FINNAKI study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018; 62:1452-1459. [PMID: 29978569 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies reporting renal and overall survival after acute kidney injury (AKI) treated exclusively with intermittent modalities of renal replacement therapy (IRRT) are rare. This study focused on outcomes of AKI patients treated with IRRT both in intensive care units (ICUs) and non-ICU dialysis units. METHODS This prospective observational study was carried on during a 5-month period in 17 ICUs and 17 non-ICUs. ICU and non-ICU patients (total n = 138; 65 ICU, 73 non-ICU) requiring RRT for AKI and chosen to receive IRRT were included. Patient and RRT characteristics as well as outcomes at 90 days, 1 year, and 3 years were registered. RESULTS Characteristics of ICU and non-ICU patients differed markedly. Pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic heart failure were significantly more common among non-ICU patients. At 1 year, RRT dependence was significantly more common in the non-ICU group. At 3 years, there was no significant difference between the groups either in RRT dependence or mortality. CONCLUSION Outcome of AKI patients treated with IRRT is dismal with regard to 3-year kidney function and mortality. Although pre-existing CKD emerged as a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease after AKI, the poor kidney survival was also seen in patients without prior CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Eskola
- Nephrology Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Suvi T. Vaara
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Anna‐Maija Korhonen
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Jukka Sauranen
- Department of Medicine Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland
| | - Niina Koivuviita
- Division of Medicine Department of Nephrology Turku University Hospital Turku Finland
| | - Eero Honkanen
- Nephrology Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Ville Pettilä
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Mikko Haapio
- Nephrology Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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Zarbock A, Koyner JL, Hoste EAJ, Kellum JA. Update on Perioperative Acute Kidney Injury. Anesth Analg 2018; 127:1236-1245. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000003741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Huang ST, Ke TY, Chuang YW, Lin CL, Kao CH. Renal complications and subsequent mortality in acute critically ill patients without pre-existing renal disease. CMAJ 2018; 190:E1070-E1080. [PMID: 30201614 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.171382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies of long-term renal outcomes after acute critical illness have enrolled patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction. We assessed renal outcomes in patients who did not have pre-existing renal disease and who were admitted to hospital for acute critical illness. METHODS We identified adults who did not have pre-existing renal disease and who were admitted to hospital for acute critical illness between 2000 and 2011, from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Each patient was matched 1:2 with controls without acute critical illness, according to age, sex and index date. A subset was further matched 1:1 with controls using propensity scores. Outcomes included acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. RESULTS We evaluated 33 613 patients with acute critical illness matched to 63 148 controls, of whom 14 218 were propensity matched to 14 218 controls. Patients with acute critical illness had incidence rates per 10 000 person-years of 9.45 for acute kidney injury, 78.3 for chronic kidney disease and 21.0 for end-stage renal disease. In the propensity-matched cohort, patients with acute critical illness had significantly higher risks of acute kidney injury (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78-4.77), chronic kidney disease (aHR 1.81, 95% CI 1.57-2.08), and end-stage renal disease (aHR 3.60, 95% CI 2.50-5.18). Acute critical illness conferred higher mortality risk among patients who subsequently developed end-stage renal disease (aHR 3.37, 95% CI 2.07-5.49) or chronic kidney disease (aHR 2.16, 95% CI 1.67-2.80). INTERPRETATION Patients with acute critical illness and without pre-existing renal disease have a higher risk of adverse renal outcomes and subsequent mortality. A resolved episode of critical illness has implications for future renal function surveillance, even in patients without pre-existing renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ting Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Graduate Institute of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Division of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Chiayi Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan (Ke); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao)
| | - Tai-Yuan Ke
- Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Graduate Institute of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Division of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Chiayi Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan (Ke); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao)
| | - Ya-Wen Chuang
- Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Graduate Institute of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Division of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Chiayi Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan (Ke); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao)
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Graduate Institute of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Division of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Chiayi Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan (Ke); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao)
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Graduate Institute of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Huang, Chuang); Division of Nephrology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Chiayi Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan (Ke); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Lin); Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao); Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan (Kao)
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Conroy M, O'Flynn J, Marsh B. Mortality and long-term dialysis requirement among elderly continuous renal replacement therapy patients in a tertiary referral intensive care unit. J Intensive Care Soc 2018; 20:138-143. [PMID: 31037106 DOI: 10.1177/1751143718784868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elderly patients are frequently considered poor candidates for continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care units, but with little evidence base. Methods We gathered data regarding patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy at our institution's intensive care unit during 2012-2014, and compared outcomes between patients of 75 years or older, and younger patients. Results Older patients had similar intensive care unit mortality to younger patients (41.5% vs. 36.1%, p = 0.21), but higher hospital mortality (54.2% vs. 44.0%, p = 0.02), and one-year mortality (63.6% vs. 50.6%, p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in dialysis-dependence rates between older and younger patients at intensive care unit discharge (31.9% vs. 35.8%, p = 0.50), and hospital discharge (18.5% vs. 24.2%, 0.32). Rates of new dialysis-dependence between older and younger patients at time of hospital discharge were similar (10.2% vs. 6.0%, p = 0.20). Conclusions Intensivists should not withhold continuous renal replacement therapy based on age alone. Other factors should be considered in triage of patients for intensive care unit and continuous renal replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Conroy
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John O'Flynn
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Marsh
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Bozkurt D, Kılavuz A, Berktaş M, Akçiçek F. Akut böbrek hasarlanmasında yeni bir gösterge: Nötrofil-lenfosit oranı. EGE TIP DERGISI 2018. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.414355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Protein carbonyl concentration as a biomarker for development and mortality in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171238. [PMID: 29263144 PMCID: PMC5784177 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate protein carbonyl concentration as a predictor of AKI development in patients with septic shock and of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and mortality in patients with SAKI. This was a prospective observational study of 175 consecutive patients over the age of 18 years with septic shock upon Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. After exclusion of 46 patients (27 due to AKI at ICU admission), a total of 129 patients were enrolled in the study. Demographic information and blood samples were taken within the first 24 h of the patient’s admission to determine serum protein carbonyl concentrations. Among the patients who developed SAKI, the development of AKI was evaluated, along with mortality and need for RRT. The mean age of the patients was 63.3 ± 15.7 years, 47% were male and 51.2% developed SAKI during ICU stay. In addition, protein carbonyl concentration was shown to be associated with SAKI. Among 66 patients with SAKI, 77% died during the ICU stay. Protein carbonyl concentration was not associated with RRT in patients with SAKI. However, the ROC curve analysis revealed that higher levels of protein carbonyl were associated with mortality in these patients. In logistic regression models, protein carbonyl level was associated with SAKI development (OR: 1.416; 95% CI: 1.247–1.609; P<0.001) and mortality when adjusted by age, gender, and APACHE II score (OR: 1.357; 95% CI: 1.147–1.605; P<0.001). In conclusion, protein carbonyl concentration is predictive of AKI development and mortality in patients with SAKI, with excellent reliability.
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Christiansen S, Christensen S, Pedersen L, Gammelager H, Layton JB, Brookhart MA, Christiansen CF. Timing of renal replacement therapy and long-term risk of chronic kidney disease and death in intensive care patients with acute kidney injury. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2017; 21:326. [PMID: 29282093 PMCID: PMC5745999 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-017-1903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The optimal time to initiate renal replacement therapy (RRT) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) is unclear. We examined the impact of early RRT on long-term mortality, risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods This cohort study included all adult patients treated with continuous RRT in the ICU at Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark (2005–2015). Data were obtained from a clinical information system and population-based registries. Early treatment was defined as RRT initiation at AKI stage 2 or below, and late treatment was defined as RRT initiation at AKI stage 3. Inverse probability of treatment (IPT) weights were computed from propensity scores. The IPT-weighted cumulative risk of CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/minute/1.73 m2), ESRD, and mortality was estimated and compared using IPT-weighted Cox regression. Results The mortality, CKD, and ESRD analyses included 1213, 303, and 617 patients, respectively. The 90-day mortality in the early RRT group was 53.6% compared with 46.0% in the late RRT group (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.03–1.48). The 90-day to 5-year mortality was 37.7% and 41.5% in the early and late RRT groups, respectively (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.70–1.29). The 5-year risk of CKD was 35.9% in the early RRT group and 44.9% in the late RRT group (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.46–1.18). The 5-year risk of ESRD was 13.3% in the early RRT group and 16.7% in the late RRT group (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.47–1.32). Conclusions Early initiation was associated with increased 90-day mortality. In patients surviving to day 90, early initiation was not associated with a major impact on long-term mortality or risk of CKD and ESRD. Despite potential residual confounding due to the observational design, our findings do not support that early RRT initiation is superior to late initiation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13054-017-1903-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Christiansen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Steffen Christensen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lars Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Henrik Gammelager
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Viborg Regional Hospital, Heibergs Alle 4, 8800, Viborg, Denmark
| | - J Bradley Layton
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M Alan Brookhart
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christian Fynbo Christiansen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Al-Otaibi NG, Zeinelabdin M, Shalaby MA, Khathlan N, Mashat GD, Zahrani AA, NoorSaeed SM, Shalabi NM, Alhasan KA, Sharief SN, Albanna AS, Kari JA. Impact of acute kidney injury on long-term mortality and progression to chronic kidney disease among critically ill children. Saudi Med J 2017; 38:138-142. [PMID: 28133685 PMCID: PMC5329624 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2017.2.16012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To determine the 2-year outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) following admission to pediatric critical care units (PICU). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2012 and December 2013. We followed 131 children admitted to PICU, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with a diagnosis of AKI, based on pRIFLE (pediatric risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage renal disease), for 2 years. During the study period, 46 children died and 38 of survivors completed the follow-up. Factors affecting long-term progression to chronic kidney disease were also evaluated. Results: The 2-year mortality was more than 40%. The main determinant of the 2-year mortality was the pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score, which increased the risk of mortality by 6% per each one score (adjusted odds ratio, 1.06: 95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.11). By the end of the 2 years, 33% of survivors had reduction in the glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria, and 73% were hypertensive. Patients with more severe renal impairment at admission, based on the pRIFLE criteria, had higher mortality rate. This association, however, was not independent since it was influenced by baseline disease severity (PRISM score). Conclusion: Large proportion of patients admitted to PICU with AKI either died during the first 2 months of follow-up or developed long-term complications. The severity of AKI, however, was not an independent risk factor for mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najlaa G Al-Otaibi
- Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Potter DA, Wroe N, Redhead H, Lewington AJ. Outcomes in patients with acute kidney injury reviewed by Critical Care Outreach: What is the role of the National Early Warning Score? J Intensive Care Soc 2017; 18:300-309. [PMID: 29123560 DOI: 10.1177/1751143717715968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated outcomes in critically unwell acute kidney injury patients and the role of the National Early Warning Score and other factors in identifying patients who experience negative outcomes. Methods Retrospective cohort study investigating 64 patients seen by Critical Care Outreach between November 2014 and February 2015. Mortality at one year was analysed using multivariate regression; all other statistical tests were non-parametric. Results Forty-four per cent of patients required escalation to higher level care, 56% failed to survive beyond one year and 30% of those who did survive had a deterioration in renal function. Previous acute kidney injury significantly predicted mortality but the National Early Warning Score did not. A subgroup of patients developed Stage 3 acute kidney injury before a rise in National Early Warning Score. Conclusions Acute kidney injury in the Critical Care Outreach patient population is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Previous acute kidney injury and acute kidney injury stage may be superior to the National Early Warning Score at identifying patients in need of Critical Care Outreach review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Potter
- University of Leeds, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, National Institute for Health Research Diagnostic Evidence Co-operative, Leeds, UK
| | - Nicholas Wroe
- University of Leeds, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, National Institute for Health Research Diagnostic Evidence Co-operative, Leeds, UK
| | - Helen Redhead
- University of Leeds, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, National Institute for Health Research Diagnostic Evidence Co-operative, Leeds, UK
| | - Andrew Jp Lewington
- University of Leeds, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, National Institute for Health Research Diagnostic Evidence Co-operative, Leeds, UK
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Torres Aguilar O, Maya Quintá R, Rodríguez Prieto G, Leal M, Castilleja Leal J. Early initiation of renal replacement therapy in acute renal injury. MEDICINA UNIVERSITARIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmu.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Bellomo R, Ronco C, Mehta RL, Asfar P, Boisramé-Helms J, Darmon M, Diehl JL, Duranteau J, Hoste EAJ, Olivier JB, Legrand M, Lerolle N, Malbrain MLNG, Mårtensson J, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, Parienti JJ, Payen D, Perinel S, Peters E, Pickkers P, Rondeau E, Schetz M, Vinsonneau C, Wendon J, Zhang L, Laterre PF. Acute kidney injury in the ICU: from injury to recovery: reports from the 5th Paris International Conference. Ann Intensive Care 2017. [PMID: 28474317 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-017-0260-y.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The French Intensive Care Society organized its yearly Paris International Conference in intensive care on June 18-19, 2015. The main purpose of this meeting is to gather the best experts in the field in order to provide the highest quality update on a chosen topic. In 2015, the selected theme was: "Acute Renal Failure in the ICU: from injury to recovery." The conference program covered multiple aspects of renal failure, including epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and kidney support system, prognosis and recovery together with acute renal failure in specific settings. The present report provides a summary of every presentation including the key message and references and is structured in eight sections: (a) diagnosis and evaluation, (b) old and new diagnosis tools,
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Bellomo
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of ICU, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza (IRRIV), Vicenza, Italy
| | - Ravindra L Mehta
- Vice Chair Clinical Research, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pierre Asfar
- Département de Réanimation Médicale et de Médecine Hyperbare, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Laboratoire de Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, CNRS UMR 6214 - INSERM U1083, Université Angers, PRES L'UNAM, Angers, France
| | - Julie Boisramé-Helms
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,EA 7293, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael Darmon
- Medical-Surgical ICU, Saint-Etienne University Hospital and Jean Monnet University, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Jean-Luc Diehl
- Medical ICU, AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S1140, Paris Descartes University and Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Duranteau
- AP-HP, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Eric A J Hoste
- ICU, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Matthieu Legrand
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care and Burn Unit, Hôpitaux Universitaire St-Louis-Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lerolle
- Département de Réanimation Médicale et de Médecine Hyperbare, CHU, Angers, France
| | | | - Johan Mårtensson
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Section of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jean-Jacques Parienti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Caen, France.,Department of Biostatistic and Clinical Research, University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Didier Payen
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, SAMU, Lariboisière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Perinel
- Medical-Surgical ICU, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Esther Peters
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud university Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Rondeau
- Urgences néphrologiques et Transplantation rénale, Hôpital Tenon, Université Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Miet Schetz
- Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Christophe Vinsonneau
- Service de Réanimation et Surveillance continue, Centre Hospitalier de BETHUNE, Bethune, France
| | - Julia Wendon
- Kings College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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Bellomo R, Ronco C, Mehta RL, Asfar P, Boisramé-Helms J, Darmon M, Diehl JL, Duranteau J, Hoste EAJ, Olivier JB, Legrand M, Lerolle N, Malbrain MLNG, Mårtensson J, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, Parienti JJ, Payen D, Perinel S, Peters E, Pickkers P, Rondeau E, Schetz M, Vinsonneau C, Wendon J, Zhang L, Laterre PF. Acute kidney injury in the ICU: from injury to recovery: reports from the 5th Paris International Conference. Ann Intensive Care 2017; 7:49. [PMID: 28474317 PMCID: PMC5418176 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-017-0260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The French Intensive Care Society organized its yearly Paris International Conference in intensive care on June 18-19, 2015. The main purpose of this meeting is to gather the best experts in the field in order to provide the highest quality update on a chosen topic. In 2015, the selected theme was: "Acute Renal Failure in the ICU: from injury to recovery." The conference program covered multiple aspects of renal failure, including epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and kidney support system, prognosis and recovery together with acute renal failure in specific settings. The present report provides a summary of every presentation including the key message and references and is structured in eight sections: (a) diagnosis and evaluation, (b) old and new diagnosis tools,
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Bellomo
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of ICU, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza (IRRIV), Vicenza, Italy
| | - Ravindra L Mehta
- Vice Chair Clinical Research, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pierre Asfar
- Département de Réanimation Médicale et de Médecine Hyperbare, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France.,Laboratoire de Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, CNRS UMR 6214 - INSERM U1083, Université Angers, PRES L'UNAM, Angers, France
| | - Julie Boisramé-Helms
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,EA 7293, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael Darmon
- Medical-Surgical ICU, Saint-Etienne University Hospital and Jean Monnet University, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Jean-Luc Diehl
- Medical ICU, AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR_S1140, Paris Descartes University and Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Duranteau
- AP-HP, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Eric A J Hoste
- ICU, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Matthieu Legrand
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care and Burn Unit, Hôpitaux Universitaire St-Louis-Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lerolle
- Département de Réanimation Médicale et de Médecine Hyperbare, CHU, Angers, France
| | | | - Johan Mårtensson
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Section of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jean-Jacques Parienti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Caen, France.,Department of Biostatistic and Clinical Research, University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Didier Payen
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, SAMU, Lariboisière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Perinel
- Medical-Surgical ICU, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Jean Monnet University Saint-Etienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Esther Peters
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud university Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Rondeau
- Urgences néphrologiques et Transplantation rénale, Hôpital Tenon, Université Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Miet Schetz
- Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Christophe Vinsonneau
- Service de Réanimation et Surveillance continue, Centre Hospitalier de BETHUNE, Bethune, France
| | - Julia Wendon
- Kings College Hospital Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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Forni LG, Darmon M, Ostermann M, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, Pettilä V, Prowle JR, Schetz M, Joannidis M. Renal recovery after acute kidney injury. Intensive Care Med 2017; 43:855-866. [PMID: 28466146 PMCID: PMC5487594 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-017-4809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of critical illness and carries a significant risk of short- and long-term mortality, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular events. The degree of renal recovery from AKI may substantially affect these long-term endpoints. Therefore maximising recovery of renal function should be the goal of any AKI prevention and treatment strategy. Defining renal recovery is far from straightforward due in part to the limitations of the tests available to assess renal function. Here, we discuss common pitfalls in the evaluation of renal recovery and provide suggestions for improved assessment in the future. We review the epidemiology of renal recovery and of the association between AKI and the development of CKD. Finally, we stress the importance of post-discharge follow-up of AKI patients and make suggestions for its incorporation into clinical practice. Summary key points are that risk factors for non-recovery of AKI are age, CKD, comorbidity, higher severity of AKI and acute disease scores. Second, AKI and CKD are mutually related and seem to have a common denominator. Third, despite its limitations full recovery of AKI may best be defined as the absence of AKI criteria, and partial recovery as a fall in AKI stage. Fourth, after an episode of AKI, serial follow-up measurements of serum creatinine and proteinuria are warranted to diagnose renal impairment and prevent further progression. Measures to promote recovery are similar to those preventing renal harm. Specific interventions promoting repair are still experimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Forni
- Intensive Care Unit and Surrey Perioperative Anaesthesia and Critical Care Collaborative Research Group, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Egerton Road, Guildford, UK.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - M Darmon
- Medical-Surgical ICU, Hopital Nord, CHU Saint-Etienne, Ave. Albert Raimon, 42270 Saint-Prient-en-Jarez, EA3065, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - M Ostermann
- Department of Critical Care and Nephrology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - H M Oudemans-van Straaten
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Pettilä
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J R Prowle
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Adult Critical Care Unit, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - M Schetz
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Clinical Department and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, KU Leuven University, Herestraat 49, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - M Joannidis
- Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Koeze J, Keus F, Dieperink W, van der Horst ICC, Zijlstra JG, van Meurs M. Incidence, timing and outcome of AKI in critically ill patients varies with the definition used and the addition of urine output criteria. BMC Nephrol 2017; 18:70. [PMID: 28219327 PMCID: PMC5319106 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of critical illness with both attributed morbidity and mortality at short-term and long-term. The incidence of AKI reported in critically ill patients varies substantially with the population evaluated and the definitions used. We aimed to assess which of the AKI definitions (RIFLE, AKIN or KDIGO) with or without urine output criteria recognizes AKI most frequently and quickest. Additionally, we conducted a review on the comparison of incidence proportions of varying AKI definitions in populations of critically ill patients. Methods We included all patients with index admissions to our intensive care unit (ICU) from January 1st, 2014 until June 11th, 2014 to determine the incidence and onset of AKI by RIFLE, AKIN and KDIGO during the first 7 days of ICU admission. We conducted a sensitive search using PubMed evaluating the comparison of RIFLE, AKIN and KDIGO in critically ill patients Results AKI incidence proportions were 15, 21 and 20% respectively using serum creatinine criteria of RIFLE, AKIN and KDIGO. Adding urine output criteria increased AKI incidence proportions to 35, 38 and 38% using RIFLE, AKIN and KDIGO definitions. Urine output criteria detected AKI in patients without AKI at ICU admission in a median of 13 h (IQR 7–22 h; using RIFLE definition) after admission compared to a median of 24 h using serum creatinine criteria (IQR24-48 h). In the literature a large heterogeneity exists in patients included, AKI definition used, reference or baseline serum creatinine used, and whether urine output in the staging of AKI is used. Conclusion AKIN and KDIGO criteria detect more patients with AKI compared to RIFLE criteria. Addition of urine output criteria detect patients with AKI 11 h earlier than serum creatinine criteria and may double AKI incidences in critically ill patients. This could explain the large heterogeneity observed in literature. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12882-017-0487-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Koeze
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - F Keus
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Dieperink
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - I C C van der Horst
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J G Zijlstra
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M van Meurs
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ponce D, Dias DB, Nascimento GR, Silveira LVDA, Balbi AL. Long-term outcome of severe acute kidney injury survivors followed by nephrologists in a developing country. Nephrology (Carlton) 2017; 21:327-34. [PMID: 26369524 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcome of patients after a severe episode of acute kidney injury (AKI) on survival and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to identify risk factors associated with these outcomes. METHODS We performed a prospective study that evaluated the long-term outcome of 509 AKI stage 3 patients who were followed by nephrologists in a Brazilian University Hospital from 2004 to 2013. RESULTS Age was 60.2 years (47.5-71) and the follow-up time was 25 months (12-44). The late mortality was 38.1% and age (HR 2.89, 95% CI=1.88 to 4.46, P < 0.0001), diabetes (HR 1.46, 95% CI=1 0.02 to 2.16, P < 0.047), liver disease (HR 2.95, 95% CI=1.19 to 7.3, P = 0.02) and creatinine (Cr) at the time of hospital discharge (HR 1.21, 95% CI=1.04 to 1.41, P = 0.01) were associated with poor long-term survival. At the moment of hospital discharge, 52.1% of patients had complete recovery of renal function, 39.7% had partial recovery and 8.3% had not recovered renal function. After 36 months, 43.5% of patients progressed to CKD, and 5.3% needed for chronic dialysis. Factors associated with progression to CKD were age (HR 1.02, 95% CI=1.008 to 1.035, P = 0.009), CKD (HR 1.05 95% CI=1.007 to 1.09, P = 0.04), diabetes (HR 1.12, CI 1.008-1.035, P = 0.009) and number of AKI episodes (HR 1.65, 95% CI=1.19 to 2.2, P = 0.0023). CONCLUSION This study showed that AKI patients have high mortality after hospital discharge and age, diabetes, liver disease, and Cr value at the time of discharge were factors associated with long-term mortality. The risk factors for this progression to CKD were age, the presence of diabetes and the number of AKI episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ponce
- University São Paulo State-UNESP, Distrito de Rubiao Junior, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dayana Bitencourt Dias
- University São Paulo State-UNESP, Distrito de Rubiao Junior, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - André Luís Balbi
- University São Paulo State-UNESP, Distrito de Rubiao Junior, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Aim of database The Danish Nephrology Registry’s (DNR) primary function is to support the Danish public health authorities’ quality control program for patients with end-stage renal disease in order to improve patient care. DNR also supplies epidemiological data to several international organizations and supports epidemiological and clinical research. Study population The study population included patients treated with dialysis or transplantation in Denmark from January 1, 1990 to January 1, 2016, with retrospective data since 1964. Main variables DNR registers patient data (eg, age, sex, renal diagnosis, and comorbidity), predialysis specialist treatment, details of eight dialysis modalities (three hemodialysis and five peritoneal dialysis), all transplantation courses, dialysis access at first dialysis, treatment complications, and biochemical variables. The database is complete (<1% missing data). Patients are followed until death or emigration. Descriptive data DNR now contains 18,120 patients, and an average of 678 is added annually. Data for each transplantation course include donor details, tissue type, time to onset of graft function, and cause of graft loss. Registered complications include peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients, causes of peritoneal dialysis technique failure, and transplant rejections. Fifteen biochemical variables are registered, mainly describing anemia control, mineral and bone disease, nutritional and uremia status. Date and cause of death are also included. Six quality indicators are published annually, and have been associated with improvements in patient results, eg, a reduction in dialysis patient mortality, improved graft survival, and earlier referral to specialist care. Approximately, ten articles, mainly epidemiological, are published each year. Conclusion DNR contains a complete description of end-stage renal disease patients in Denmark, their treatment, and prognosis. The stated aims are fulfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Heaf
- Department of Medicine, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
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Costa NA, Gut AL, Azevedo PS, Tanni SE, Cunha NB, Magalhães ES, Silva GB, Polegato BF, Zornoff LAM, de Paiva SAR, Balbi AL, Ponce D, Minicucci MF. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase as a biomarker of septic acute kidney injury. Ann Intensive Care 2016; 6:95. [PMID: 27709557 PMCID: PMC5052240 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-016-0198-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is a key feature of sepsis and could be a common pathophysiological pathway between septic shock and acute kidney injury (AKI) Our objective was to evaluate the erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity as predictor of AKI in patients with septic shock. Methods This is a prospective observational study that evaluated 175 consecutive patients over the age of 18 years with septic shock upon intensive care unit (ICU) admission. However, 43 patients were excluded (27 due to AKI at ICU admission). Thus, 132 patients were enrolled in the study. At the time of the patients’ enrollment, demographic information was recorded. Blood samples were taken within the first 24 h of the patient’s admission to determine the erythrocyte SOD1 activity. All patients were followed throughout the ICU stay, and the development of AKI was evaluated. In addition, we also evaluated 17 control subjects. Results The mean age of patients with septic shock was 63.2 ± 15.7 years, 53 % were male and the median ICU stay was 8 days (4–16). Approximately 50.7 % developed AKI during the ICU stay. The median erythrocyte SOD1 activity was 2.92 (2.19–3.92) U/mg Hb. When compared to control subjects, septic shock patients had a higher serum malondialdehyde concentration and lower erythrocyte SOD1 activity. In univariate analysis, erythrocyte SOD1 activity was lower in patients who developed AKI. The ROC curve analysis revealed that lower erythrocyte SOD1 activity was associated with AKI development (AUC 0.686; CI 95 % 0.595–0.777; p < 0.001) at the cutoff of <3.32 U/mg Hb. In the logistic regression models, SOD1 activity higher than 3.32 U/mg Hb was associated with protection of AKI development when adjusted by hemoglobin, phosphorus and APACHE II score (OR 0.309; CI 95 % 0.137–0.695; p = 0.005) and when adjusted by age, gender, chronic kidney disease, admission category (medical or surgery) and APACHE II score (OR 0.129; CI 95 % 0.033–0.508; p = 0.003). Conclusions In conclusion, our data suggest that erythrocyte SOD1 activity could play a role as an early marker of septic AKI and could be seen as a new research avenue in the field of biomarker in AKI. However, our study did not show a strong correlation between SOD activity and AKI. Nevertheless, these original data do warrant further research in order to confirm or not this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Aline Costa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Gut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Paula Schmidt Azevedo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Suzana Erico Tanni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Natália Baraldi Cunha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Eloá Siqueira Magalhães
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Graziela Biude Silva
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bertha Furlan Polegato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Antonio Mamede Zornoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Sergio Alberto Rupp de Paiva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - André Luís Balbi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Daniela Ponce
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Marcos Ferreira Minicucci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, CEP: 18618-970, Brazil.
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Lohse R, Damholt MB, Wiis J, Perner A, Lange T, Ibsen M. Long term end-stage renal disease and death following acute renal replacement therapy in the ICU. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2016; 60:1092-101. [PMID: 27219737 DOI: 10.1111/aas.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In ICU the need for acute renal replacement therapy (RRT) associates with high mortality and risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but there are limited long-term data. We investigated these outcomes and their risk factors. METHODS Retrospective analysis of all adult patients admitted to a general, university hospital ICU 2005-2012, excluding chronic dialysis patients. ESRD was defined as need of RRT > 90 days or kidney transplant. RESULTS Of 5766 patients included, 1004 (16%) received acute RRT; their 30-day mortality was 42% vs. 16% for those not requiring acute RRT (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.13 (0.96-1.32)). The 90-day mortality was 55% for patients receiving acute RRT vs. 22% for those who did not (adjusted HR 1.32 (1.15-1.51)) and 1-year mortality was 63% vs. 30%, respectively, (adjusted HR 1.31 (1.16-1.48)). The 7-year risk of ESRD for ICU patients surviving 90 days was 10% for patients who received acute RRT vs. 0.5% among those who did not (adjusted HR 5.9 (2.9-12.4)). Independent risk factors for ESRD included pre-existing kidney disease, pre-existing peripheral vascular disease and use of acute RRT in ICU. CONCLUSIONS The need of acute RRT was associated with markedly increased long term risk of death and ESRD; in contrast its use was not associated with 30-day mortality. In addition to acute RRT, decreased kidney function and peripheral vascular disease before ICU admission were risk factors for ESRD. It seems warranted offering medical follow-up to patients after acute RRT in ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Lohse
- Department of Intensive Care 4131; Copenhagen University Hospital; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. B. Damholt
- Department of Nephrology 2132; Copenhagen University Hospital; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. Wiis
- Department of Intensive Care 4131; Copenhagen University Hospital; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - A. Perner
- Department of Intensive Care 4131; Copenhagen University Hospital; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - T. Lange
- Section of Biostatistics; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Ibsen
- Department of Intensive Care 4131; Copenhagen University Hospital; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common problem in critically ill patients, with long-term health implications that extend beyond hospital discharge. Though they are at a high risk of adverse events, AKI survivors may not be receiving adequate postdischarge medical attention. This review discusses recently published data regarding health outcomes after AKI, the current state of post-AKI care, and potential opportunities to improve outpatient care after AKI. RECENT FINDINGS In addition to predisposing to de-novo chronic kidney disease or an exacerbation of previously existing chronic kidney disease, a prior episode of AKI has been linked to subsequent cardiac events, cerebrovascular events, and the need for hospital readmission. Despite this, a population-wide study in Ontario showed that only 40% of patients surviving an episode of dialysis-requiring AKI visited a nephrologist within 90 days of hospital discharge. This care gap is important since outpatient contact with a nephrologist during this critical period was associated with enhanced survival. SUMMARY AKI is associated with a number of long-term health effects, and new strategies may be needed to address this emerging public health issue. An ambulatory program dedicated to the postdischarge care of AKI survivors may confer a variety of benefits. Future research is needed to evaluate this model of care.
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