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Hampl M, Jandová N, Lusková D, Nováková M, Szotkowská T, Čada Š, Procházka J, Kohoutek J, Buchtová M. Early embryogenesis in CHDFIDD mouse model reveals facial clefts and altered cranial neurogenesis. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050261. [PMID: 38511331 PMCID: PMC11212636 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
CDK13-related disorder, also known as congenital heart defects, dysmorphic facial features and intellectual developmental disorder (CHDFIDD) is associated with mutations in the CDK13 gene encoding transcription-regulating cyclin-dependent kinase 13 (CDK13). Here, we focused on the development of craniofacial structures and analyzed early embryonic stages in CHDFIDD mouse models, with one model comprising a hypomorphic mutation in Cdk13 and exhibiting cleft lip/palate, and another model comprising knockout of Cdk13, featuring a stronger phenotype including midfacial cleft. Cdk13 was found to be physiologically expressed at high levels in the mouse embryonic craniofacial structures, namely in the forebrain, nasal epithelium and maxillary mesenchyme. We also uncovered that Cdk13 deficiency leads to development of hypoplastic branches of the trigeminal nerve including the maxillary branch. Additionally, we detected significant changes in the expression levels of genes involved in neurogenesis (Ache, Dcx, Mef2c, Neurog1, Ntn1, Pou4f1) within the developing palatal shelves. These results, together with changes in the expression pattern of other key face-specific genes (Fgf8, Foxd1, Msx1, Meis2 and Shh) at early stages in Cdk13 mutant embryos, demonstrate a key role of CDK13 in the regulation of craniofacial morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Hampl
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nela Jandová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Lusková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Nováková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Szotkowská
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Čada
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Procházka
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Kohoutek
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Odak L, Vulin K, Meašić AM, Šamadan L, Tripalo Batoš A. Neurodevelopmental disorder caused by an inherited novel KMT5B variant: case report. Croat Med J 2023; 64:334-338. [PMID: 37927187 PMCID: PMC10668041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders are a large group of disorders that affect ~ 3% of children and represent a serious health problem worldwide. Their etiology is multifactorial and includes genetic, epigenetic, and environmental causes. Mounting evidence shows the importance of genetic causes, especially genes involved in the central nervous system development. As recently discovered, the KMT5B gene is related to abnormal activities of the enzymes that regulate histone activity and gene expression during brain development. Pathogenic KMT5B gene variants lead to autosomal dominant, intellectual developmental disorder 51 (OMIM # 617788). Also, reports on patients with additional features suggest that the KMT5B gene alterations lead to multisystem involvement. Here, we report on a male patient with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a novel KMT5B gene variant inherited from his mother. The patient had severe intellectual disability, absent speech, marked autistic behavior, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and different clinical features, including thoracic scoliosis, dysmorphic facial features, and tall stature. In contrast, his mother, with the same KMT5B variant, had mild intellectual disability and some autistic traits (stereotype hand movement). We elucidated pathogenetic mechanisms that could influence phenotype characteristics. Our findings emphasize the importance of a comprehensive clinical and molecular approach to these patients in order to provide optimal health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubica Odak
- Ljubica Odak, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Klaićeva 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia,
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3
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Li N, Kang H, Zou Y, Liu Z, Deng Y, Wang M, Li L, Qin H, Qiu X, Wang Y, Zhu J, Agostino M, Heng JIT, Yu P. A novel heterozygous ZBTB18 missense mutation in a family with non-syndromic intellectual disability. Neurogenetics 2023; 24:251-262. [PMID: 37525067 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-023-00727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired adaptive behavior and cognitive capacity. High throughput sequencing approaches have revealed the genetic etiologies for 25-50% of ID patients, while inherited genetic mutations were detected in <5% cases. Here, we investigated the genetic cause for non-syndromic ID in a Han Chinese family. Whole genome sequencing was performed on identical twin sisters diagnosed with ID, their respective children, and their asymptomatic parents. Data was filtered for rare variants, and in silico prediction tools were used to establish pathogenic alleles. Candidate mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing. In silico modeling was used to evaluate the mutation's effects on the protein encoded by a candidate coding gene. A novel heterozygous variant in the ZBTB18 gene c.1323C>G (p.His441Gln) was identified. This variant co-segregated with affected individuals in an autosomal dominant pattern and was not detected in asymptomatic family members. Molecular studies reveal that a p.His441Gln substitution disrupts zinc binding within the second zinc finger and disrupts the capacity for ZBTB18 to bind DNA. This is the first report of an inherited ZBTB18 mutation for ID. This study further validates WGS for the accurate molecular diagnosis of ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Li
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Kang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanna Zou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Changyi Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Deng
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meixian Wang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Li
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Wuhou District People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pidu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mark Agostino
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Julian I-T Heng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.
| | - Ping Yu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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4
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Chung CCY, Hue SPY, Ng NYT, Doong PHL, Chu ATW, Chung BHY. Meta-analysis of the diagnostic and clinical utility of exome and genome sequencing in pediatric and adult patients with rare diseases across diverse populations. Genet Med 2023; 25:100896. [PMID: 37191093 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.100896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This meta-analysis aims to compare the diagnostic and clinical utility of exome sequencing (ES) vs genome sequencing (GS) in pediatric and adult patients with rare diseases across diverse populations. METHODS A meta-analysis was conducted to identify studies from 2011 to 2021. RESULTS One hundred sixty-one studies across 31 countries/regions were eligible, featuring 50,417 probands of diverse populations. Diagnostic rates of ES (0.38, 95% CI 0.36-0.40) and GS (0.34, 95% CI 0.30-0.38) were similar (P = .1). Within-cohort comparison illustrated 1.2-times odds of diagnosis by GS over ES (95% CI 0.79-1.83, P = .38). GS studies discovered a higher range of novel genes than ES studies; yet, the rate of variant of unknown significance did not differ (P = .78). Among high-quality studies, clinical utility of GS (0.77, 95% CI 0.64-0.90) was higher than that of ES (0.44, 95% CI 0.30-0.58) (P < .01). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis provides an important update to demonstrate the similar diagnostic rates between ES and GS and the higher clinical utility of GS over ES. With the newly published recommendations for clinical interpretation of variants found in noncoding regions of the genome and the trend of decreasing variant of unknown significance and GS cost, it is expected that GS will be more widely used in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shirley P Y Hue
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Nicole Y T Ng
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Phoenix H L Doong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Annie T W Chu
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Brian H Y Chung
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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5
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Ben-Mahmoud A, Kishikawa S, Gupta V, Leach NT, Shen Y, Moldovan O, Goel H, Hopper B, Ranguin K, Gruchy N, Maas SM, Lacassie Y, Kim SH, Kim WY, Quade BJ, Morton CC, Kim CH, Layman LC, Kim HG. A cryptic microdeletion del(12)(p11.21p11.23) within an unbalanced translocation t(7;12)(q21.13;q23.1) implicates new candidate loci for intellectual disability and Kallmann syndrome. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12984. [PMID: 37563198 PMCID: PMC10415337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In a patient diagnosed with both Kallmann syndrome (KS) and intellectual disability (ID), who carried an apparently balanced translocation t(7;12)(q22;q24)dn, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) disclosed a cryptic heterozygous 4.7 Mb deletion del(12)(p11.21p11.23), unrelated to the translocation breakpoint. This novel discovery prompted us to consider the possibility that the combination of KS and neurological disorder in this patient could be attributed to gene(s) within this specific deletion at 12p11.21-12p11.23, rather than disrupted or dysregulated genes at the translocation breakpoints. To further support this hypothesis, we expanded our study by screening five candidate genes at both breakpoints of the chromosomal translocation in a cohort of 48 KS patients. However, no mutations were found, thus reinforcing our supposition. In order to delve deeper into the characterization of the 12p11.21-12p11.23 region, we enlisted six additional patients with small copy number variations (CNVs) and analyzed eight individuals carrying small CNVs in this region from the DECIPHER database. Our investigation utilized a combination of complementary approaches. Firstly, we conducted a comprehensive phenotypic-genotypic comparison of reported CNV cases. Additionally, we reviewed knockout animal models that exhibit phenotypic similarities to human conditions. Moreover, we analyzed reported variants in candidate genes and explored their association with corresponding phenotypes. Lastly, we examined the interacting genes associated with these phenotypes to gain further insights. As a result, we identified a dozen candidate genes: TSPAN11 as a potential KS candidate gene, TM7SF3, STK38L, ARNTL2, ERGIC2, TMTC1, DENND5B, and ETFBKMT as candidate genes for the neurodevelopmental disorder, and INTS13, REP15, PPFIBP1, and FAR2 as candidate genes for KS with ID. Notably, the high-level expression pattern of these genes in relevant human tissues further supported their candidacy. Based on our findings, we propose that dosage alterations of these candidate genes may contribute to sexual and/or cognitive impairments observed in patients with KS and/or ID. However, the confirmation of their causal roles necessitates further identification of point mutations in these candidate genes through next-generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afif Ben-Mahmoud
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shotaro Kishikawa
- Gene Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Vijay Gupta
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Natalia T Leach
- Integrated Genetics, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, 3400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA, 01581, USA
| | - Yiping Shen
- Division of Genetics and Genomics at Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Oana Moldovan
- Medical Genetics Service, Pediatric Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Himanshu Goel
- Hunter Genetics, Waratah, NSW, 2298, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Bruce Hopper
- Forster Genetics-Hunter New England Local Health District, Forster, NSW, 2428, Australia
| | - Kara Ranguin
- Department of Genetics, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Developmental anomalies and polymalformative syndrome, CHU de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Gruchy
- Department of Genetics, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Developmental anomalies and polymalformative syndrome, CHU de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Saskia M Maas
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Reproduction and Development Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yves Lacassie
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Soo-Hyun Kim
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Bradley J Quade
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cynthia C Morton
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Lawrence C Layman
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility and Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
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6
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Glotov OS, Chernov AN, Glotov AS. Human Exome Sequencing and Prospects for Predictive Medicine: Analysis of International Data and Own Experience. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1236. [PMID: 37623486 PMCID: PMC10455459 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, whole-exome sequencing (WES) is used to conduct the massive screening of structural and regulatory genes in order to identify the allele frequencies of disease-associated polymorphisms in various populations and thus detect pathogenic genetic changes (mutations or polymorphisms) conducive to malfunctional protein sequences. With its extensive capabilities, exome sequencing today allows both the diagnosis of monogenic diseases (MDs) and the examination of seemingly healthy populations to reveal a wide range of potential risks prior to disease manifestation (in the future, exome sequencing may outpace costly and less informative genome sequencing to become the first-line examination technique). This review establishes the human genetic passport as a new WES-based clinical concept for the identification of new candidate genes, gene variants, and molecular mechanisms in the diagnosis, prediction, and treatment of monogenic, oligogenic, and multifactorial diseases. Various diseases are addressed to demonstrate the extensive potential of WES and consider its advantages as well as disadvantages. Thus, WES can become a general test with a broad spectrum pf applications, including opportunistic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg S. Glotov
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Department of Experimental Medical Virology, Molecular Genetics and Biobanking of Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Chernov
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey S. Glotov
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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7
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Morison LD, van Reyk O, Forbes E, Rouxel F, Faivre L, Bruinsma F, Vincent M, Jacquemont ML, Dykzeul NL, Geneviève D, Amor DJ, Morgan AT. CDK13-related disorder: a deep characterization of speech and language abilities and addition of 33 novel cases. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:793-804. [PMID: 36599938 PMCID: PMC10325997 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Speech and language impairments are central features of CDK13-related disorder. While pathogenic CDK13 variants have been associated with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), a systematic characterisation of communication has not been conducted. Here we examined speech, language, non-verbal communication skills, social behaviour and health and development in 41 individuals with CDK13-related disorder from 10 countries (male = 22, median-age 7 years 1 month, range 1-25 years; 33 novel). Most participants used augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in early childhood (24/41). CAS was common (14/22). Performance varied widely across intellectual ability, social behaviour and expressive language skills, with participants ranging from within average through to the severely impaired range. Receptive language was significantly stronger than expressive language ability. Social motivation was a relative strength. In terms of a broader health phenotype, a quarter had one or more of: renal, urogenital, musculoskeletal, and cardiac malformations, vision impairment, ear infections and/or sleep disturbance. All had gross and fine motor impairments (41/41). Other conditions included mild-moderate intellectual disability (16/22) and autism (7/41). No genotype-phenotype correlations were found. Recognition of CAS, a rare speech disorder, is required to ensure appropriately targeted therapy. The high prevalence of speech and language impairment underscores the importance of tailored speech therapy, particularly early access to AAC supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lottie D Morison
- Speech and Language, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Olivia van Reyk
- Speech and Language, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elana Forbes
- Speech and Language, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Flavien Rouxel
- Génétique Clinique, Départment de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier University, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement SOOR, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développment et Syndromes Malformatifs, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
- Genetics of Developmental Disorders, INSERM - Bourgogne Franche-Comté Univeristy, Dijon, France
| | | | - Marie Vincent
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, Nantes, France
| | | | - Natalie L Dykzeul
- Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford Children's Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - David Geneviève
- Génétique Clinique, Départment de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier University, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement SOOR, Montpellier, France
| | - David J Amor
- Speech and Language, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Angela T Morgan
- Speech and Language, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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8
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Ben-Mahmoud A, Kishikawa S, Gupta V, Leach NT, Shen Y, Moldovan O, Goel H, Hopper B, Ranguin K, Gruchy N, Maas SM, Lacassie Y, Kim SH, Kim WY, Quade BJ, Morton CC, Kim CH, Layman LC, Kim HG. A microdeletion del(12)(p11.21p11.23) with a cryptic unbalanced translocation t(7;12)(q21.13;q23.1) implicates new candidate loci for intellectual disability and Kallmann syndrome. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2572736. [PMID: 37034680 PMCID: PMC10081357 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2572736/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
In an apparently balanced translocation t(7;12)(q22;q24)dn exhibiting both Kallmann syndrome (KS) and intellectual disability (ID), we detected a cryptic heterozygous 4.7 Mb del(12)(p11.21p11.23) unrelated to the translocation breakpoint. This new finding raised the possibility that KS combined with neurological disorder in this patient could be caused by gene(s) within this deletion at 12p11.21-12p11.23 instead of disrupted or dysregulated genes at the genomic breakpoints. Screening of five candidate genes at both breakpoints in 48 KS patients we recruited found no mutation, corroborating our supposition. To substantiate this hypothesis further, we recruited six additional subjects with small CNVs and analyzed eight individuals carrying small CNVs in this region from DECIPHER to dissect 12p11.21-12p11.23. We used multiple complementary approaches including a phenotypic-genotypic comparison of reported cases, a review of knockout animal models recapitulating the human phenotypes, and analyses of reported variants in the interacting genes with corresponding phenotypes. The results identified one potential KS candidate gene ( TSPAN11 ), seven candidate genes for the neurodevelopmental disorder ( TM7SF3 , STK38L , ARNTL2 , ERGIC2 , TMTC1 , DENND5B , and ETFBKMT ), and four candidate genes for KS with ID ( INTS13 , REP15 , PPFIBP1 , and FAR2 ). The high-level expression pattern in the relevant human tissues further suggested the candidacy of these genes. We propose that the dosage alterations of the candidate genes may contribute to sexual and/or cognitive impairment in patients with KS and/or ID. Further identification of point mutations through next generation sequencing will be necessary to confirm their causal roles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Oana Moldovan
- Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte
| | | | - Bruce Hopper
- Forster Genetics-Hunter New England Local Health District
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Sheppard SE, Bryant L, Wickramasekara RN, Vaccaro C, Robertson B, Hallgren J, Hulen J, Watson CJ, Faundes V, Duffourd Y, Lee P, Simon MC, de la Cruz X, Padilla N, Flores-Mendez M, Akizu N, Smiler J, Pellegrino Da Silva R, Li D, March M, Diaz-Rosado A, Peixoto de Barcelos I, Choa ZX, Lim CY, Dubourg C, Journel H, Demurger F, Mulhern M, Akman C, Lippa N, Andrews M, Baldridge D, Constantino J, van Haeringen A, Snoeck-Streef I, Chow P, Hing A, Graham JM, Au M, Faivre L, Shen W, Mao R, Palumbos J, Viskochil D, Gahl W, Tifft C, Macnamara E, Hauser N, Miller R, Maffeo J, Afenjar A, Doummar D, Keren B, Arn P, Macklin-Mantia S, Meerschaut I, Callewaert B, Reis A, Zweier C, Brewer C, Saggar A, Smeland MF, Kumar A, Elmslie F, Deshpande C, Nizon M, Cogne B, van Ierland Y, Wilke M, van Slegtenhorst M, Koudijs S, Chen JY, Dredge D, Pier D, Wortmann S, Kamsteeg EJ, Koch J, Haynes D, Pollack L, Titheradge H, Ranguin K, Denommé-Pichon AS, Weber S, Pérez de la Fuente R, Sánchez del Pozo J, Lezana Rosales JM, Joset P, Steindl K, Rauch A, Mei D, Mari F, Guerrini R, Lespinasse J, Tran Mau-Them F, Philippe C, Dauriat B, Raymond L, Moutton S, Cueto-González AM, Tan TY, Mignot C, Grotto S, Renaldo F, Drivas TG, Hennessy L, Raper A, Parenti I, Kaiser FJ, Kuechler A, Busk ØL, Islam L, Siedlik JA, Henderson LB, Juusola J, Person R, Schnur RE, Vitobello A, Banka S, Bhoj EJ, Stessman HA. Mechanism of KMT5B haploinsufficiency in neurodevelopment in humans and mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade1463. [PMID: 36897941 PMCID: PMC10005179 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in KMT5B, a lysine methyltransferase, are associated with global developmental delay, macrocephaly, autism, and congenital anomalies (OMIM# 617788). Given the relatively recent discovery of this disorder, it has not been fully characterized. Deep phenotyping of the largest (n = 43) patient cohort to date identified that hypotonia and congenital heart defects are prominent features that were previously not associated with this syndrome. Both missense variants and putative loss-of-function variants resulted in slow growth in patient-derived cell lines. KMT5B homozygous knockout mice were smaller in size than their wild-type littermates but did not have significantly smaller brains, suggesting relative macrocephaly, also noted as a prominent clinical feature. RNA sequencing of patient lymphoblasts and Kmt5b haploinsufficient mouse brains identified differentially expressed pathways associated with nervous system development and function including axon guidance signaling. Overall, we identified additional pathogenic variants and clinical features in KMT5B-related neurodevelopmental disorder and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disorder using multiple model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Sheppard
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Unit on Vascular Malformations, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura Bryant
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rochelle N. Wickramasekara
- Stessman Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE, USA
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Courtney Vaccaro
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brynn Robertson
- Stessman Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jodi Hallgren
- Stessman Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jason Hulen
- Stessman Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Cynthia J. Watson
- Stessman Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Victor Faundes
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Laboratorio de Genética y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- Unité Fonctionnelle d’Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Pearl Lee
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M. Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xavier de la Cruz
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natália Padilla
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Flores-Mendez
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Naiara Akizu
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Smiler
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- 10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | | | - Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael March
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Abdias Diaz-Rosado
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Zhao Xiang Choa
- Epithelial Epigenetics and Development Laboratory, A*STAR Skin Research Labs, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Yan Lim
- Epithelial Epigenetics and Development Laboratory, A*STAR Skin Research Labs, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes 35033, France
| | - Hubert Journel
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hopital Chubert, Vannes, Bretagne, France
| | - Florence Demurger
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Centre Labellisé Anomalies du Développement-Ouest, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes 35033, France
| | - Maureen Mulhern
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cigdem Akman
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie Lippa
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marisa Andrews
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dustin Baldridge
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John Constantino
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arie van Haeringen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Irina Snoeck-Streef
- Department of Child Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Penny Chow
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Craniofacial Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne Hing
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Craniofacial Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John M. Graham
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Margaret Au
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laurence Faivre
- UFR Des Sciences de Santé, INSERM–Université de Bourgogne UMR1231 GAD “Génétique des Anomalies du Développement,” FHU-TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Dijon, Bourgogne, France
| | - Wei Shen
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rong Mao
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | | | - William Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Tifft
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ellen Macnamara
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalie Hauser
- Medical Genetics, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Rebecca Miller
- Medical Genetics, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Jessica Maffeo
- Medical Genetics, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Département de neuropediatrie, Hospital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Diane Doummar
- AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Département de neuropediatrie, Hospital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Genetic Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pamela Arn
- Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Children’s Specialty Care, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Ilse Meerschaut
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carole Brewer
- Clinical Genetics Department, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital (Heavitree), Exeter EX1 2ED, UK
| | - Anand Saggar
- Clinical Genetics Department, St George’s Hospital, St George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Marie F. Smeland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Norway
| | - Ajith Kumar
- Northeast Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Frances Elmslie
- South West Thames Centre for Genomics, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Charu Deshpande
- Department of Medical Genetics, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mathilde Nizon
- CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes CEDEX 1, France
| | - Benjamin Cogne
- CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes CEDEX 1, France
- Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, L’institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Yvette van Ierland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martina Wilke
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjon van Slegtenhorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Koudijs
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center–Sophia Children’s Hospital, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jin Yun Chen
- Neurology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Dredge
- University Children’s Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Danielle Pier
- Neurology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saskia Wortmann
- University Children’s Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
- Amalia Children’s Hospital, RadboudUMC Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- University Children’s Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johannes Koch
- University Children’s Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Devon Haynes
- Division of Genetics, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children–Orlando Health, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Lynda Pollack
- Division of Genetics, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children–Orlando Health, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Hannah Titheradge
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | - Kara Ranguin
- Department of Genetics, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases and Developmental Anomalies, Caen Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon
- Unité Fonctionnelle d’Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- UFR Des Sciences de Santé, INSERM–Université de Bourgogne UMR1231 GAD “Génétique des Anomalies du Développement,” FHU-TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
| | - Sacha Weber
- Department of Genetics, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases and Developmental Anomalies, Caen Hospital, Caen, France
| | | | - Jaime Sánchez del Pozo
- UDISGEN (Unidad de Dismorfología y Genética) 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pascal Joset
- University of Zurich, Institute of Medical Genetics, 8952 Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Steindl
- University of Zurich, Institute of Medical Genetics, 8952 Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anita Rauch
- University of Zurich, Institute of Medical Genetics, 8952 Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, URPP Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich Research Priority Program (URPP) AdaBD: Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning, Zurich 8006, Switzerland
- University of Zurich Research Priority Program (URPP) ITINERARE: Innovative Therapies in Rare Diseases, Zurich 8006, Switzerland
| | - Davide Mei
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Member of ERN Epicare, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Mari
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Member of ERN Epicare, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Member of ERN Epicare, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - James Lespinasse
- UF de Génétique Chromosomique, Centre Hospitalier de Chambéry, Hôtel-dieu, France
| | - Frédéric Tran Mau-Them
- Unité Fonctionnelle d’Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- UFR Des Sciences de Santé, INSERM–Université de Bourgogne UMR1231 GAD “Génétique des Anomalies du Développement,” FHU-TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- Unité Fonctionnelle d’Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- UFR Des Sciences de Santé, INSERM–Université de Bourgogne UMR1231 GAD “Génétique des Anomalies du Développement,” FHU-TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Dauriat
- Service de cytogénétique et génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, France
| | - Laure Raymond
- Service de génétique, Laboratoire Eurofins Biomnis, Lyon, France
| | | | - Anna M. Cueto-González
- Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tiong Yang Tan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cyril Mignot
- AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Grotto
- AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Paris, France
| | - Florence Renaldo
- AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Département de neuropediatrie, Centre de référence neurogénétique, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Theodore G. Drivas
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura Hennessy
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Raper
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ilaria Parenti
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank J. Kaiser
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen (EZSE), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Øyvind L. Busk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, 3710 Skien, Norway
| | - Lily Islam
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | - Jacob A. Siedlik
- Department of Exercise Science and Pre-Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rhonda E. Schnur
- GeneDx, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Cooper University Health Care 3, Cooper Plaza, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- Unité Fonctionnelle d’Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- UFR Des Sciences de Santé, INSERM–Université de Bourgogne UMR1231 GAD “Génétique des Anomalies du Développement,” FHU-TRANSLAD, Dijon, France
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Elizabeth J. Bhoj
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Holly A. F. Stessman
- Stessman Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE, USA
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Xiong F, Li C, Wang Q, Geng X, Yuan Z, Li Z. Identification of Chromatin Regulatory Factors Related to Immunity and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:85-94. [PMID: 36826468 PMCID: PMC10081979 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the common neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly, which mainly manifests as progressively severe cognitive impairment, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Chromatin regulators have been shown to be associated with a variety of biological processes, and we mainly explore the relationship between chromatin regulators and Alzheimer's disease. Eight hundred seventy chromatin regulators were collected from previous studies, and data related to Alzheimer's disease patients were downloaded from the GEO database. Finally, we screened chromatin regulators related to Alzheimer's disease immunity, established prediction models, and screened related drugs and miRNAs. We screened 160 differentially expressed CRs, constructed an interaction network, obtained 10 hub genes, successfully constructed a prediction model based on immune-related 5 CRs, and obtained 520 related drugs and 3 related miRNA, which provided an idea for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Our study identified 5 chromatin regulators related to Alzheimer's disease, which are expected to be new targets for Alzheimer's disease immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Qingbo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Zhengbo Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Zefu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China.
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Pranav Chand R, Vinit W, Vaidya V, Iyer AS, Shelke M, Aggarwal S, Magar S, Danda S, Moirangthem A, Phadke SR, Goyal M, Ranganath P, Mistri M, Shah P, Shah N, Kotecha UH. Proband only exome sequencing in 403 Indian children with neurodevelopmental disorders: Diagnostic yield, utility and challenges in a resource-limited setting. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104730. [PMID: 36801247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Whole exome sequencing is recommended as the first tier test for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) with trio being an ideal option for the detection of de novo variants. Cost constraints have led to adoption of sequential testing i.e. proband-only whole exome followed by targeted testing of parents. The reported diagnostic yield for proband exome approach ranges between 31 and 53%. Typically, these study designs have aptly incorporated targeted parental segregation before concluding a genetic diagnosis to be confirmed. The reported estimates however do not accurately reflect the yield of proband only standalone whole -exome, a question commonly posed to the referring clinician in self pay medical systems like India. To assess the utility of standalone proband exome (without follow up targeted parental testing), we retrospectively evaluated 403 cases of neurodevelopmental disorders referred for proband-only whole exome sequencing at Neuberg Centre for Genomic Medicine (NCGM), Ahmedabad during the period of January 2019 and December 2021. A diagnosis was considered confirmed only upon the detection of Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic variants in concordance with patient's phenotype as well as established inheritance pattern. Targeted parental/familial segregation analysis was recommended as a follow up test where applicable. The diagnostic yield of the proband-only standalone whole exome was 31.5%. Only 20 families submitted samples for follow up targeted testing, and a genetic diagnosis was confirmed in twelve cases increasing the yield to 34.5%. To understand factors leading to poor uptake of sequential parental testing, we focused on cases where an ultra-rare variant was detected in hitherto described de novo dominant neurodevelopmental disorder. A total of 40 novel variants in genes associated with de novo autosomal dominant disorders could not be reclassified as parental segregation was denied. Semi-structured telephonic interviews were conducted upon informed consent to comprehend reasons for denial. Major factors influencing decision making included lack of definitive cure in the detected disorders; especially when couples not planning further conception and financial constraints to fund further targeted testing. Our study thus depicts the utility and challenges of proband-only exome approach and highlights the need for larger studies to understand factors influencing decision making in sequential testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wankhede Vinit
- Kids Neuro Clinic and Child Rehabilitation Center, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Varsha Vaidya
- Kpond Children Super Specialty Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Madhavi Shelke
- Integrated Centre for Child Neurodevelopment, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Suvarna Magar
- MGM Medical College and Hospitals, Aurangabad, India
| | - Sumita Danda
- Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Amita Moirangthem
- Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | | | - Mehul Mistri
- Neuberg Centre for Genomic Medicine, Ahmedabad, 380059, Gujarat, India
| | - Parth Shah
- Neuberg Centre for Genomic Medicine, Ahmedabad, 380059, Gujarat, India
| | - Nidhi Shah
- Neuberg Centre for Genomic Medicine, Ahmedabad, 380059, Gujarat, India
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12
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Morozova EA, Belousova MV, Morozov DV, Gabelko DI, Bogolyubova VV. [Genetic aspects of speech disorders in children]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:87-91. [PMID: 37942978 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312309287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Speech disorders still remains one of the cornerstones of pediatric neurology. Against the backdrop of gene diagnostic development, there are a huge amount of information about the role of genetic and chromosomal abnormalities in pathogenesis of speech disorders. In present article authors presenting an actual data on genetic basis of different types of speech disorders. Moreover, authors describing a clinical case of a patient with genetically determined developmental disorder, caused by KMT5B mutation validated by Sanger method.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Morozova
- Kazan State Medical Academy - Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russia
| | - M V Belousova
- Kazan State Medical Academy - Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russia
| | - D V Morozov
- Kazan State Medical Academy - Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russia
| | - D I Gabelko
- Kazan State Medical Academy - Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russia
| | - V V Bogolyubova
- Kazan State Medical Academy - Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russia
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13
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Ehtesham N, Mosallaei M, Beheshtian M, Khoshbakht S, Fadaee M, Vazehan R, Faraji Zonooz M, Karimzadeh P, Kahrizi K, Najmabadi H. Characterizing Genotypes and Phenotypes Associated with Dysfunction of Channel-Encoding Genes in a Cohort of Patients with Intellectual Disability. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2022; 25:788-797. [PMID: 37543906 PMCID: PMC10685845 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2022.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ion channel dysfunction in the brain can lead to impairment of neuronal membranes and generate several neurological diseases, especially neurodevelopmental disorders. METHODS In this study, we set out to delineate the genotype and phenotype spectrums of 14 Iranian patients from 7 families with intellectual disability (ID) and/or developmental delay (DD) in whom genetic mutations were identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in 7 channel-encoding genes: KCNJ10, KCNQ3, KCNK6, CACNA1C, CACNA1G, SCN8A, and GRIN2B. Moreover, the data of 340 previously fully reported ID and/or DD cases with a mutation in any of these seven genes were combined with our patients to clarify the genotype and phenotype spectrum in this group. RESULTS In total, the most common phenotypes in 354 cases with ID/DD in whom mutation in any of these 7 channel-encoding genes was identified were as follows: ID (77.4%), seizure (69.8%), DD (59.8%), behavioral abnormality (29.9%), hypotonia (21.7%), speech disorder (21.5%), gait disturbance (20.9%), and ataxia (20.3%). Electroencephalography abnormality (33.9%) was the major brain imaging abnormality. CONCLUSION The results of this study broaden the molecular spectrum of channel pathogenic variants associated with different clinical presentations in individuals with ID and/or DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeim Ehtesham
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Mosallaei
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Beheshtian
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrouz Khoshbakht
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Fadaee
- Kariminejad – Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Vazehan
- Kariminejad – Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, School of Medicine, Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Kariminejad – Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics Center, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Ben-Mahmoud A, Jun KR, Gupta V, Shastri P, de la Fuente A, Park Y, Shin KC, Kim CA, da Cruz AD, Pinto IP, Minasi LB, Silva da Cruz A, Faivre L, Callier P, Racine C, Layman LC, Kong IK, Kim CH, Kim WY, Kim HG. A rigorous in silico genomic interrogation at 1p13.3 reveals 16 autosomal dominant candidate genes in syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:979061. [PMID: 36277487 PMCID: PMC9582330 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.979061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide chromosomal microarray is extensively used to detect copy number variations (CNVs), which can diagnose microdeletion and microduplication syndromes. These small unbalanced chromosomal structural rearrangements ranging from 1 kb to 10 Mb comprise up to 15% of human mutations leading to monogenic or contiguous genomic disorders. Albeit rare, CNVs at 1p13.3 cause a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including development delay (DD), intellectual disability (ID), autism, epilepsy, and craniofacial anomalies (CFA). Most of the 1p13.3 CNV cases reported in the pre-microarray era encompassed a large number of genes and lacked the demarcating genomic coordinates, hampering the discovery of positional candidate genes within the boundaries. In this study, we present four subjects with 1p13.3 microdeletions displaying DD, ID, autism, epilepsy, and CFA. In silico comparative genomic mapping with three previously reported subjects with CNVs and 22 unreported DECIPHER CNV cases has resulted in the identification of four different sub-genomic loci harboring five positional candidate genes for DD, ID, and CFA at 1p13.3. Most of these genes have pathogenic variants reported, and their interacting genes are involved in NDDs. RT-qPCR in various human tissues revealed a high expression pattern in the brain and fetal brain, supporting their functional roles in NDDs. Interrogation of variant databases and interacting protein partners led to the identification of another set of 11 potential candidate genes, which might have been dysregulated by the position effect of these CNVs at 1p13.3. Our studies define 1p13.3 as a genomic region harboring 16 NDD candidate genes and underscore the critical roles of small CNVs in in silico comparative genomic mapping for disease gene discovery. Our candidate genes will help accelerate the isolation of pathogenic heterozygous variants from exome/genome sequencing (ES/GS) databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afif Ben-Mahmoud
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kyung Ran Jun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Vijay Gupta
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Pinang Shastri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cape Fear Valley Medical Center, Fayetteville, NC, United States
| | - Alberto de la Fuente
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yongsoo Park
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kyung Chul Shin
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Faculdade de Medicina, Unidade de Genética do Instituto da Criança – Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aparecido Divino da Cruz
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Genetics Master Program, Replicon Research Group, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Genetics Master Program, Replicon Research Nucleus, School of Agrarian and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Goias, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Irene Plaza Pinto
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Genetics Master Program, Replicon Research Group, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Genetics Master Program, Replicon Research Nucleus, School of Agrarian and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Goias, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lysa Bernardes Minasi
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Genetics Master Program, Replicon Research Group, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Genetics Master Program, Replicon Research Nucleus, School of Agrarian and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Goias, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Alex Silva da Cruz
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Genetics Master Program, Replicon Research Group, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Genetics Master Program, Replicon Research Nucleus, School of Agrarian and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Goias, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d’Enfants, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- UMR 1231 GAD, Inserm – Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Racine
- UMR 1231 GAD, Inserm – Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Lawrence C. Layman
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility and Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Hyung-Goo Kim,
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15
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Hulen J, Kenny D, Black R, Hallgren J, Hammond KG, Bredahl EC, Wickramasekara RN, Abel PW, Stessman HAF. KMT5B is required for early motor development. Front Genet 2022; 13:901228. [PMID: 36035149 PMCID: PMC9411648 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.901228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptive variants in lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B/SUV4-20H1) have been identified as likely-pathogenic among humans with neurodevelopmental phenotypes including motor deficits (i.e., hypotonia and motor delay). However, the role that this enzyme plays in early motor development is largely unknown. Using a Kmt5b gene trap mouse model, we assessed neuromuscular strength, skeletal muscle weight (i.e., muscle mass), neuromuscular junction (NMJ) structure, and myofiber type, size, and distribution. Tests were performed over developmental time (postnatal days 17 and 44) to represent postnatal versus adult structures in slow- and fast-twitch muscle types. Prior to the onset of puberty, slow-twitch muscle weight was significantly reduced in heterozygous compared to wild-type males but not females. At the young adult stage, we identified decreased neuromuscular strength, decreased skeletal muscle weights (both slow- and fast-twitch), increased NMJ fragmentation (in slow-twitch muscle), and smaller myofibers in both sexes. We conclude that Kmt5b haploinsufficiency results in a skeletal muscle developmental deficit causing reduced muscle mass and body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hulen
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Dorothy Kenny
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Rebecca Black
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Jodi Hallgren
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kelley G. Hammond
- Department of Exercise Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Eric C. Bredahl
- Department of Exercise Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Rochelle N. Wickramasekara
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Peter W. Abel
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Holly A. F. Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
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16
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Arredondo K, Myers C, Hansen-Kiss E, Mathew MT, Jayaraman V, Siemon A, Bartholomew D, Herman GE, Mori M. Phenotypic Spectrum in a Family Sharing a Heterozygous KCNQ3 Variant. J Child Neurol 2022; 37:517-523. [PMID: 35384780 DOI: 10.1177/08830738221089741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mutations in KCNQ3 have classically been associated with benign familial neonatal and infantile seizures and more recently identified in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders and abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) findings. We present 4 affected patients from a family with a pathogenic mutation in KCNQ3 with a unique constellation of clinical findings. METHODS A family of 3 affected siblings and mother sharing a KCNQ3 pathogenic variant are described, including clinical history, genetic results, and EEG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. RESULTS This family shows a variety of clinical manifestations, including neonatal seizures, developmental delays, autism spectrum disorder, and anxiety. One child developed absence epilepsy, 2 children have infrequent convulsive seizures that have persisted into childhood, and their parent developed adult-onset epilepsy. An underlying c.1091G>A (R364H) variant in KCNQ3 was found in all affected individuals. CONCLUSIONS The phenotypic variability of KCNQ3 channelopathies continues to expand as more individuals and families are described, and the variant identified in this family adds to the understanding of the manifestations of KCNQ3-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Arredondo
- Department of Pediatrics, 12306The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, 2650Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cortlandt Myers
- Division of Genetic & Genomic Medicine, 2650Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Emily Hansen-Kiss
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, 12340University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mariam T Mathew
- Department of Pediatrics, 12306The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, 2650Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vijayakumar Jayaraman
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, 2650Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amy Siemon
- Division of Genetic & Genomic Medicine, 2650Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dennis Bartholomew
- Department of Pediatrics, 12306The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Genetic & Genomic Medicine, 2650Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gail E Herman
- Department of Pediatrics, 12306The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Genetic & Genomic Medicine, 2650Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mari Mori
- Department of Pediatrics, 12306The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Genetic & Genomic Medicine, 2650Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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17
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Robertson AJ, Tan NB, Spurdle AB, Metke-Jimenez A, Sullivan C, Waddell N. Re-analysis of genomic data: An overview of the mechanisms and complexities of clinical adoption. Genet Med 2022; 24:798-810. [PMID: 35065883 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Re-analyzing genomic information from a patient suspected of having an underlying genetic condition can improve the diagnostic yield of sequencing tests, potentially providing significant benefits to the patient and to the health care system. Although a significant number of studies have shown the clinical potential of re-analysis, less work has been performed to characterize the mechanisms responsible for driving the increases in diagnostic yield. Complexities surrounding re-analysis have also emerged. The terminology itself represents a challenge because "re-analysis" can refer to a range of different concepts. Other challenges include the increased workload that re-analysis demands of curators, adequate reimbursement pathways for clinical and diagnostic services, and the development of systems to handle large volumes of data. Re-analysis also raises ethical implications for patients and families, most notably when re-classification of a variant alters diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. This review highlights the possibilities and complexities associated with the re-analysis of existing clinical genomic data. We propose a terminology that builds on the foundation presented in a recent statement from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and describes each re-analysis process. We identify mechanisms for increasing diagnostic yield and provide perspectives on the range of challenges that must be addressed by health care systems and individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Robertson
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Digital Health Research Network, Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; The Genomic Institute, Department of Health, Queensland Government, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Natalie B Tan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Clair Sullivan
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Digital Health Research Network, Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Department of Health, Queensland Government, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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18
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Chen G, Han L, Tan S, Jia X, Wu H, Quan Y, Zhang Q, Yu B, Hu Z, Xia K, Guo H. Loss-of-function of KMT5B leads to neurodevelopmental disorder and impairs neuronal development and neurogenesis. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:881-890. [PMID: 35331928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that cause severe social, communication and behavioral problems. Recent studies show that the variants of a histone methyltransferase gene KMT5B, cause neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including ASD and the knockout of Kmt5b in mice is embryonic lethal. However, the detailed genotype-phenotype correlations and functional effects of KMT5B in neurodevelopment are unclear. By targeted sequencing of a large Chinese ASD cohort, analyzing published genome-wide sequencing data, and mining literature, we curated 39 KMT5B variants identified from NDD individuals. A genotype-phenotype correlation analysis for ten individuals with KMT5B pathogenic variants reveals common symptoms, including ASD, intellectual disability, languages problem and macrocephaly. In vitro knockdown of the expression of Kmt5b in cultured mouse primary cortical neurons leads to a decrease in neuronal dendritic complexity and an increase in dendritic spine density, which can be rescued by expression of human KMT5B but not that of pathogenic de novo missense mutants. In vivo knockdown of the Kmt5b expression in the mouse embryonic cerebral cortex by in utero electroporation results in decreased proliferation and accelerated migration of neural progenitor cells. Our findings reveal essential roles of histone methyltransferase KMT5B in neuronal development, prenatal neurogenesis, and neuronal migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Chen
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lin Han
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China; Chongqing Reproductive and Genetics Institute, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Senwei Tan
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiangbin Jia
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Huidan Wu
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yingting Quan
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Qiumeng Zhang
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligences Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Center of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 421001, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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19
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Cui X, Wu X, Wang H, Zhang S, Wang W, Jing X. Genetic of preimplantation diagnosis of dysmorphic facial features and intellectual developmental disorder (CHDFIDD) without congenital heart defects. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e1863. [PMID: 35034425 PMCID: PMC8830809 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclin‐dependent kinase 13 plays a critical role in the regulation of gene transcription. Recent evidence suggests that heterozygous variants in CDK13 are associated with a syndromic form of mental deficiency and developmental delay, which is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Methods A mentally retarded mother (33‐year‐old) and son (10‐year‐old boy) in our hospital with CDK13 variant (c.2149 (exon 4) G>A. p.Gly717Arg) were detected by whole‐exome sequencing (WES). All published CDK13 variant syndrome cases as of November 11, 2021, were searched, and their clinical information was recorded and summarized. Results We studied two patients in a Chinese family with a heterozygous constitutional CDK13 variant (c.2149 (exon 4) G>A. p.Gly717Arg), exhibiting the classical characteristics of dysmorphic facial features and intellectual developmental disorder (CHDFIDD, OMIM # 617360), without congenital heart defects. This is the first reported case of an adult patient with a CDK13 variant that gave birth to the next generation with the same variant. Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disease (PGT‐M) was performed for the proband and her husband with full informed consent and successfully blocked the inheritance of the disease. Conclusion Our study is of great significance for molecular diagnosis and genetic counseling of patients with CDHFIDD and extends the variant spectrum of CDK13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Cui
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xueqing Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Hematology, 2nd Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sanyuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Chigene Translational Medicine Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Jing
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Prov. People's Hospital, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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20
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Eliyahu A, Barel O, Greenbaum L, Zaks Hoffer G, Goldberg Y, Raas-Rothschild A, Singer A, Bar-Joseph I, Kunik V, Javasky E, Staretz-Chacham O, Pode-Shakked N, Bazak L, Ruhrman-Shahar N, Pras E, Frydman M, Shohat M, Pode-Shakked B. Refining the Phenotypic Spectrum of KMT5B-Associated Developmental Delay. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:844845. [PMID: 35433545 PMCID: PMC9005902 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.844845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) and demethylases (KDMs) in the regulation of chromatin modification is well-established. Recently, deleterious heterozygous variants in KMT5B were implicated in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder. We describe three unrelated patients with global developmental delay (GDD) or ID, macrocephaly and additional features. Using whole exome sequencing, each of the probands was found to harbor a distinct de novo heterozygous disease-causing variant in KMT5B: c.541C > G (p.His181Asp); c.833A > T (p.Asn278Ile); or c.391_394delAAAG (p.Lys131GlufsTer6). We discuss herein their clinical presentations, and compare them to those of previously reported patients. Furthermore, using a three-dimensional computational model of the KMT5B protein, we demonstrate the predicted structural effects of the two missense variants. Our findings support the role of de novo missense and nonsense variants in KMT5B-associated GDD/ID, and suggest that this gene should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders accompanied by macrocephaly and/or overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Eliyahu
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ortal Barel
- The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Lior Greenbaum
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Joseph Sagol Neusroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Gal Zaks Hoffer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Yael Goldberg
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Annick Raas-Rothschild
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Institute for Rare Diseases, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Amihood Singer
- Department of Community Genetics, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ifat Bar-Joseph
- The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Elisheva Javasky
- The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Orna Staretz-Chacham
- Metabolic Clinic, Soroka Medical Center, Be'er Sheva, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Naomi Pode-Shakked
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Pediatrics, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Lily Bazak
- The Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Noa Ruhrman-Shahar
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Elon Pras
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Moshe Frydman
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Mordechai Shohat
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ben Pode-Shakked
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Institute for Rare Diseases, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
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21
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Zhao A, Shu D, Zhang D, Yang B, Hong L, Wang A, Yao R, Wang J, Lv H, Wang J, Shen Y, Wang H, Gu Q. Novel truncating variant of MN1 penultimate exon identified in a Chinese patient with newly recognized MN1 C-terminal truncation syndrome: Case report and literature review. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 82:96-103. [PMID: 34708882 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MN1 C-terminal truncation (MCTT) syndrome is a newly recognized neurodevelopmental disorder due to heterozygous gain-of-function C-terminal truncating mutations clustering in the last or penultimate exon of MN1 gene (MIM: 156100). Up to date, only 25 affected patients have been reported. Here, we report a 2-year-old Chinese girl with MCTT syndrome. The girl presented with the characteristic features of the syndrome, including global developmental delay (GDD), facial dysmorphism and hearing impairment. Notably, the patient did not have other frequently observed symptoms such as hypotonia, cranial or brain abnormalities, indicating variability of the phenotype of patients with MN1 C-terminal truncating mutations. Trio whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel de novo heterozygous nonsense variant in the extreme 3' region of penultimate exon of MN1 (NM_002430.3: c.3743G > A, p.Trp1248*). This rare truncating variant was classified as pathogenic due to its predicted gain-of-function effect, given that the gain-of-function MN1 truncating variants producing C-terminally truncated proteins have been confirmed to cause the recognizable syndrome. Additionally, a systematic review of previously reported MN1 variants including C-terminal truncating variants and N-terminal truncating variants shows that different location of MN1 truncating variants causes two distinct clinical subtypes. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MCTT syndrome caused by a novel MN1 C-terminal truncating variant in a Chinese population, which enriched the mutation spectrum of MN1 gene and further supporting the association of the novel MCTT syndrome with MN1 C-terminal truncating variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dandan Shu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daxue Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liyi Hong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Andi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruen Yao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiping Shen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Gu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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22
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Salinas V, Martínez N, Maturo JP, Rodriguez-Quiroga SA, Zavala L, Medina N, Amartino H, Sfaello I, Agosta G, Serafín EM, Morón DG, Kauffman MA, Vega P. Clinical next generation sequencing in developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: Diagnostic relevance of data re-analysis and variants re-interpretation. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104363. [PMID: 34673242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are complex pediatric epilepsies, in which heterogeneous pathogenic factors play an important role. Next-generation-sequencing based tools have shown excellent effectiveness. The constant increase in the number of new genotype-phenotype associations suggests the periodic need for re-interpretation and re-analysis of genetic studies without positive results. In this study, we report the diagnostic utility of targeted gene panel sequencing and whole exome sequencing in 55 Argentine subjects with DEE, focusing on the utility of re-interpretation and re-analysis of undetermined and negative genetic diagnoses. The new information in biomedical literature and databases was used for the re-interpretation. For re-analysis, sequencing data processing was repeated using updated bioinformatics tools. Initially, pathogenic variants were detected in 21 subjects (38%). After an average time of 29 months, 25% of the subjects without a genetic diagnosis were re-categorized as diagnosed. Finally, the overall diagnostic yield increased to 53% (29 subjects). In consequence of the re-interpretation and re-analysis, we identified novel variants in the genes: CHD2, COL4A1, FOXG1, GABRA1, GRIN2B, HNRNPU, KCNQ2, MECP2, PCDH19, SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN8A, SLC6A1, STXBP1 and WWOX. Our results expand the diagnostic yield of this subgroup of infantile and childhood seizures and demonstrate the importance of re-evaluation of genetic tests in subjects without an identified causative etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Salinas
- Neurogenetics Unit, Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Precision Medicine and Clinical Genomics Group, Translational Medicine Research Institute-CONICET, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Nerina Martínez
- Neurogenetics Unit, Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Josefina Pérez Maturo
- Neurogenetics Unit, Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Precision Medicine and Clinical Genomics Group, Translational Medicine Research Institute-CONICET, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | - Lucia Zavala
- Neurogenetics Unit, Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Nancy Medina
- Neurogenetics Unit, Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Hernán Amartino
- Paediatric Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ignacio Sfaello
- CETES, Instituto de Neurología Infanto-Juvenil, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Guillermo Agosta
- Paediatric Neurology Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | | | - Marcelo A Kauffman
- Neurogenetics Unit, Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Precision Medicine and Clinical Genomics Group, Translational Medicine Research Institute-CONICET, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Patricia Vega
- Neurogenetics Unit, Hospital JM Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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23
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Zhao A, Zhou R, Gu Q, Liu M, Zhang B, Huang J, Yang B, Yao R, Wang J, Lv H, Wang J, Shen Y, Wang H, Chen X. Trio exome sequencing identified a novel de novo WASF1 missense variant leading to recurrent site substitution in a Chinese patient with developmental delay, microcephaly, and early-onset seizures: A mutational hotspot p.Trp161 and literature review. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:10-18. [PMID: 34478686 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental disorder with absent language and variable seizures (NEDALVS, OMIM # 618707) is a newly described autosomal dominant condition caused by heterozygous de novo mutation in WASF1 gene. WASF1 is a key component of the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) required for actin polymerization. So far, only 3 distinct truncating variants clustering at the WCA domain, 3 missense variants localized to the meander region and a copy number variant (CNV) of WASF1 have been identified among 11 NEDALVS cases previously reported. CASE REPORT We report a pediatric patient carrying novel de novo heterozygous missense variant (NM_003931.2: c.481T > C, p.Trp161Arg) in WASF1 gene. During the first hospitalization at age of 5.5 months, the patient was initially diagnosed with infantile spasms, developmental delay (DD) and microcephaly due to nodding-like epileptic spasms in clusters and hypsarrhythmia on video-electroencephalography, lacking head control and body rollover, and abnormal head circumference 39 cm (<-2SD). The genetic diagnosis with a causal WASF1 variant detected by trio exome sequencing indicated the rare NEDALVS. LITERATURE REVIEW All the reported NEDALVS cases published in the PubMed English literature were reviewed to summarize the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of this novel disorder. CONCLUSION We describe the third patient with a recurrently mutated amino acid site at p.Trp161 in WASF1, currently the 12th patient with NEDALVS. This hotspot missense variant and the truncating variants in WASF1 lead to similar phenotypic patterns with core features of severe DD/ID, and seizures, hypotonia, and microcephaly frequently observed. Our finding expands the WASF1 mutation spectrum and confirms the de novo hotspot missense variant at p.Trp161, further supporting the association of the novel NEDALVS with WASF1 gene and the actin regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Gu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruen Yao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiping Shen
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530003, Guangxi, China; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Hongying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, 169 Park Road, Wujiang District, Suzhou 215234, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuqin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 92 Zhongnan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215025, Jiangsu, China.
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24
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Liu XR, Ye TT, Zhang WJ, Guo X, Wang J, Huang SP, Xie LS, Song XW, Deng WW, Li BM, He N, Wu QY, Zhuang MZ, Xu M, Shi YW, Su T, Yi YH, Liao WP. CHD4 variants are associated with childhood idiopathic epilepsy with sinus arrhythmia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:1146-1156. [PMID: 34109749 PMCID: PMC8446219 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims CHD4 gene, encoding chromodomain helicase DNA‐binding protein 4, is a vital gene for fetal development. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between CHD4 variants and idiopathic epilepsy. Methods Trios‐based whole‐exome sequencing was performed in a cohort of 482 patients with childhood idiopathic epilepsy. The Clinical Validity Framework of ClinGen and an evaluating method from five clinical‐genetic aspects were used to determine the association between CHD4 variants and epilepsy. Results Four novel heterozygous missense mutations in CHD4, including two de novo mutations (c.1597A>G/p.K533E and c.4936G>A/p.E1646K) and two inherited mutations with co‐segregation (c.856C>G/p.P286A and c.4977C>G/p.D1659E), were identified in four unrelated families with eight individuals affected. Seven affected individuals had sinus arrhythmia. From the molecular sub‐regional point of view, the missense mutations located in the central regions from SNF2‐like region to DUF1087 domain were associated with multisystem developmental disorders, while idiopathic epilepsy‐related mutations were outside this region. Strong evidence from ClinGen Clinical Validity Framework and evidences from four of the five clinical‐genetic aspects suggested an association between CHD4 variants and epilepsy. Conclusions CHD4 was potentially a candidate pathogenic gene of childhood idiopathic epilepsy with arrhythmia. The molecular sub‐regional effect of CHD4 mutations helped explaining the mechanisms underlying phenotypic variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Ting Ye
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Guo
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shao-Ping Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Long-Shan Xie
- Epilepsy Center of Foshan First Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Xing-Wang Song
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Wen Deng
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Mei Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na He
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Yi Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Zhi Zhuang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Wu Shi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Su
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Hong Yi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ping Liao
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Acharya A, Raza SI, Anwar MZ, Bharadwaj T, Liaqat K, Khokhar MAS, Everard JL, Nasir A, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Ansar M, Schrauwen I, Ahmad W, Leal SM. Wolfram-like syndrome with bicuspid aortic valve due to a homozygous missense variant in CDK13. J Hum Genet 2021; 66:1009-1018. [PMID: 33879837 PMCID: PMC8472924 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is characterized by deafness, diabetes mellitus, and diabetes insipidus along with optic atrophy. WFS has an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and is due to variants in WFS1 and CISD2. Methods We evaluated the underlying molecular etiology of three affected members of a consanguineous family with hearing impairment, bicuspid aortic valve, diabetes mellitus and insipidus, clinodactyly, and gastrointestinal tract abnormalities via exome sequencing approach. We correlated clinical and imaging data with the genetic findings and their associated phenotypes. Results We identified a homozygous missense variant p.(Asn1097Lys) in CDK13, a gene previously associated with autosomal dominant congenital heart defects, dysmorphic facial features, clinodactyly, gastrointestinal tract abnormalities, intellectual developmental disorder, and seizures with variable phenotypic features. Conclusion We report a homozygous variant in CDK13 and suggest that this gene causes an autosomal recessive disorder with hearing impairment, bicuspid aortic valve, diabetes mellitus and insipidus, clinodactyly, and gastrointestinal tract abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Acharya
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, and the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Syed Irfan Raza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biochemistry, HBS Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Thashi Bharadwaj
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, and the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khurram Liaqat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Jenna L Everard
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, and the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abdul Nasir
- Synthetic Protein Engineering Lab (SPEL), Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | | | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Isabelle Schrauwen
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, and the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Suzanne M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, and the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Taub Institute for Alzheimer's Disease and The Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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26
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Wickramasekara RN, Robertson B, Hulen J, Hallgren J, Stessman HAF. Differential effects by sex with Kmt5b loss. Autism Res 2021; 14:1554-1571. [PMID: 33871180 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in genetic studies of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet, its role in the brain is not known. The goal of this work was to neurodevelopmentally characterize the effect(s) of KMT5B haploinsufficiency using a mouse model. A Kmt5b gene-trap mouse line was obtained from the Knockout Mouse Project. Wild type (WT) and heterozygous (HET) mice were subjected to a comprehensive neurodevelopmental test battery to assess reflexes, motor behavior, learning/memory, social behavior, repetitive movement, and common ASD comorbidities (obsessive compulsion, depression, and anxiety). Given the strong sex bias observed in the ASD patient population, we tested both a male and female cohort of animals and compared differences between genotypes and sexes. HET mice were significantly smaller than WT littermates starting at postnatal day 10 through young adulthood which was correlated with smaller brain size (i.e., microcephaly). This was more severe in males than females. HET male neonates also had delayed eye opening and significantly weaker reflexes than WT littermates. In young adults, significant differences between genotypes relative to anxiety, depression, fear, and extinction learning were observed. Interestingly, several sexually dimorphic differences were noted including increased repetitive grooming behavior in HET females and an increased latency to hot plate response in HET females versus a decreased latency in HET males. LAY SUMMARY: Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet its role in the brain is not known. Our study indicates that mice lacking one genomic copy of Kmt5b show deficits in neonatal reflexes, sociability, repetitive stress-induced grooming, changes in thermal pain sensing, decreased depression and anxiety, increased fear, slower extinction learning, and lower body weight, length, and brain size. Furthermore, several outcomes differed by sex, perhaps mirroring the sex bias in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle N Wickramasekara
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Brynn Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jason Hulen
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jodi Hallgren
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Holly A F Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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27
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Blake S, Hemming I, Heng JIT, Agostino M. Structure-Based Approaches to Classify the Functional Impact of ZBTB18 Missense Variants in Health and Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:979-989. [PMID: 33621064 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cys2His2 type zinc finger is a motif found in many eukaryotic transcription factor proteins that facilitates binding to genomic DNA so as to influence cellular gene expression. One such transcription factor is ZBTB18, characterized as a repressor that orchestrates the development of mammalian tissues including skeletal muscle and brain during embryogenesis. In humans, it has been recognized that disease-associated ZBTB18 missense variants mapping to the coding sequence of the zinc finger domain influence sequence-specific DNA binding, disrupt transcriptional regulation, and impair neural circuit formation in the brain. Furthermore, general population ZBTB18 missense variants that influence DNA binding and transcriptional regulation have also been documented within this domain; however, the molecular traits that explain why some variants cause disease while others do not are poorly understood. Here, we have applied five structure-based approaches to evaluate their ability to discriminate between disease-associated and general population ZBTB18 missense variants. We found that thermodynamic integration and Residue Scanning in the Schrodinger Biologics Suite were the best approaches for distinguishing disease-associated variants from general population variants. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of structure-based approaches for the functional characterization of missense alleles to DNA binding, zinc finger transcription factor protein-coding genes that underlie human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Blake
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Isabel Hemming
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Julian Ik-Tsen Heng
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Mark Agostino
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6845, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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28
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Łukasik P, Załuski M, Gutowska I. Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDK) and Their Role in Diseases Development-Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062935. [PMID: 33805800 PMCID: PMC7998717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are involved in many crucial processes, such as cell cycle and transcription, as well as communication, metabolism, and apoptosis. The kinases are organized in a pathway to ensure that, during cell division, each cell accurately replicates its DNA, and ensure its segregation equally between the two daughter cells. Deregulation of any of the stages of the cell cycle or transcription leads to apoptosis but, if uncorrected, can result in a series of diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease), and stroke. This review presents the current state of knowledge about the characteristics of cyclin-dependent kinases as potential pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Łukasik
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Michał Załuski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Lee J, Park JE, Lee C, Kim AR, Kim BJ, Park WY, Ki CS, Lee J. Genomic Analysis of Korean Patient With Microcephaly. Front Genet 2021; 11:543528. [PMID: 33584783 PMCID: PMC7876370 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.543528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcephaly is a prevalent phenotype in patients with neurodevelopmental problems, often with genetic causes. We comprehensively investigated the clinical phenotypes and genetic background of microcephaly in 40 Korean patients. We analyzed their clinical phenotypes and radiologic images and conducted whole exome sequencing (WES) and analysis of copy number variation (CNV). Infantile hypotonia and developmental delay were present in all patients. Thirty-four patients (85%) showed primary microcephaly. The diagnostic yield from the WES and CNV analyses was 47.5%. With WES, we detected pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants that were previously associated with microcephaly in 12 patients (30%); nine of these were de novo variants with autosomal dominant inheritance. Two unrelated patients had mutations in the KMT2A gene. In 10 other patients, we found mutations in the GNB1, GNAO1, TCF4, ASXL1, SMC1A, VPS13B, ACTG1, EP300, and KMT2D genes. Seven patients (17.5%) were diagnosed with pathogenic CNVs. Korean patients with microcephaly show a genetic spectrum that is different from that of patients with microcephaly of other ethnicities. WES along with CNV analysis represents an effective approach for diagnosis of the underlying causes of microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, South Korea
| | - Chung Lee
- Samsung Genome Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ah Reum Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jeehun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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30
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Haghshenas S, Bhai P, Aref-Eshghi E, Sadikovic B. Diagnostic Utility of Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis in Mendelian Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239303. [PMID: 33291301 PMCID: PMC7730976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mendelian neurodevelopmental disorders customarily present with complex and overlapping symptoms, complicating the clinical diagnosis. Individuals with a growing number of the so-called rare disorders exhibit unique, disorder-specific DNA methylation patterns, consequent to the underlying gene defects. Besides providing insights to the pathophysiology and molecular biology of these disorders, we can use these epigenetic patterns as functional biomarkers for the screening and diagnosis of these conditions. This review summarizes our current understanding of DNA methylation episignatures in rare disorders and describes the underlying technology and analytical approaches. We discuss the computational parameters, including statistical and machine learning methods, used for the screening and classification of genetic variants of uncertain clinical significance. Describing the rationale and principles applied to the specific computational models that are used to develop and adapt the DNA methylation episignatures for the diagnosis of rare disorders, we highlight the opportunities and challenges in this emerging branch of diagnostic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegheh Haghshenas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Diagnostics Division, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada;
| | - Pratibha Bhai
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Diagnostics Division, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada;
| | - Erfan Aref-Eshghi
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Diagnostics Division, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada;
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Tan NB, Stapleton R, Stark Z, Delatycki MB, Yeung A, Hunter MF, Amor DJ, Brown NJ, Stutterd CA, McGillivray G, Yap P, Regan M, Chong B, Fanjul Fernandez M, Marum J, Phelan D, Pais LS, White SM, Lunke S, Tan TY. Evaluating systematic reanalysis of clinical genomic data in rare disease from single center experience and literature review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1508. [PMID: 32969205 PMCID: PMC7667328 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our primary aim was to evaluate the systematic reanalysis of singleton exome sequencing (ES) data for unsolved cases referred for any indication. A secondary objective was to undertake a literature review of studies examining the reanalysis of genomic data from unsolved cases. Methods We examined data from 58 unsolved cases referred between June 2016 and March 2017. First reanalysis at 4–13 months after the initial report considered genes newly associated with disease since the original analysis; second reanalysis at 9–18 months considered all disease‐associated genes. At 25–34 months we reviewed all cases and the strategies which solved them. Results Reanalysis of existing ES data alone at two timepoints did not yield new diagnoses. Over the same timeframe, 10 new diagnoses were obtained (17%) from additional strategies, such as microarray detection of copy number variation, repeat sequencing to improve coverage, and trio sequencing. Twenty‐seven peer‐reviewed articles were identified on the literature review, with a median new diagnosis rate via reanalysis of 15% and median reanalysis timeframe of 22 months. Conclusion Our findings suggest that an interval of greater than 18 months from the original report may be optimal for reanalysis. We also recommend a multi‐faceted strategy for cases remaining unsolved after singleton ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie B Tan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel Stapleton
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zornitza Stark
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison Yeung
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Monash Genetics, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew F Hunter
- Monash Genetics, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David J Amor
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Natasha J Brown
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Austin Health Clinical Genetics Service, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Chloe A Stutterd
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Austin Health Clinical Genetics Service, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - George McGillivray
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Patrick Yap
- Genetic Health Service NZ, Auckland, New Zealand.,Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Regan
- Monash Genetics, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Belinda Chong
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Miriam Fanjul Fernandez
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Justine Marum
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dean Phelan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lynn S Pais
- Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Susan M White
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sebastian Lunke
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tiong Y Tan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Colas P. Cyclin-dependent kinases and rare developmental disorders. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:203. [PMID: 32762766 PMCID: PMC7410148 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive studies in the past 30 years have established that cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) exert many diverse, important functions in a number of molecular and cellular processes that are at play during development. Not surprisingly, mutations affecting CDKs or their activating cyclin subunits have been involved in a variety of rare human developmental disorders. These recent findings are reviewed herein, giving a particular attention to the discovered mutations and their demonstrated or hypothesized functional consequences, which can account for pathological human phenotypes. The review highlights novel, important CDK or cyclin functions that were unveiled by their association with human disorders, and it discusses the shortcomings of mouse models to reveal some of these functions. It explains how human genetics can be used in combination with proteome-scale interaction databases to loom regulatory networks around CDKs and cyclins. Finally, it advocates the use of these networks to profile pathogenic CDK or cyclin variants, in order to gain knowledge on protein function and on pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Colas
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université / CNRS, Roscoff, France.
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Trinh J, Imhoff S, Dulovic-Mahlow M, Kandaswamy KK, Tadic V, Schäfer J, Dobricic V, Nolte A, Werber M, Rolfs A, Münchau A, Klein C, Lohmann K, Brüggemann N. Novel NAXE variants as a cause for neurometabolic disorder: implications for treatment. J Neurol 2019; 267:770-782. [PMID: 31745726 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09640-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neurometabolic disorders are often inherited and complex disorders that result from abnormalities of enzymes important for development and function of the nervous system. Recently, biallelic mutations in NAXE (APOA1BP) were found in patients with an infantile, lethal, neurometabolic disease. Here, exome sequencing was performed in two affected sisters and their healthy parents. The best candidate, NAXE, was tested for replication in exome sequencing data from 4351 patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Quantitative RT-PCR, western blot and form factor analysis were performed to assess NAXE expression, protein levels and to analyze mitochondrial morphology in fibroblasts. Vitamin B3 was administered to one patient. Compound heterozygous missense (c.757G>A: p.Gly253Ser) and splicing (c.665-1G>A) variants in NAXE were identified in both affected sisters. In contrast to the previously reported patients with biallelic NAXE variants, our patients showed a milder phenotype with disease onset in early adulthood with psychosis, cognitive impairment, seizures, cerebellar ataxia and spasticity. The symptoms fluctuated. Additional screening of NAXE identified three novel homozygous missense variants (p.Lys245Gln, p.Asp218Asn, p.Ile214Val) in three patients with overlapping phenotype (fluctuating disease course, respiratory insufficiency, movement disorder). Lastly, patients with the c.665-1G>A splicing variant showed a significant reduction of NAXE expression compared to control fibroblasts and undetectable NAXE protein levels compared to control fibroblasts. Based on the metabolic pathway, vitamin B3 and coenzyme Q treatment was introduced in one patient in addition to antiepileptic treatment. This combination and avoidance of triggers was associated with continuous motor and cognitive improvement. The NAXE variants identified in this study suggest a loss-of-function mechanism leading to an insufficient NAD(P)HX repair system. Importantly, symptoms of patients with NAXE variants may improve with vitamin B3/coenzyme Q administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sophie Imhoff
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Vera Tadic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jochen Schäfer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Valerija Dobricic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Achim Nolte
- Department of Neurology, Helios Clinic, Geesthacht, Germany
| | | | | | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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