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Duan Q, Ye Z, Zhou K, Wang F, Lian C, Shang Y, Liu H. An Investigation into the Transdermal Behavior of Active Ingredients by Combination of Experiments and Multiscale Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:6327-6337. [PMID: 38913878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Transdermal behavior is a critical aspect of studying delivery systems and evaluating the efficacy of cosmetics. However, existing methods face challenges such as lengthy experiments, high cost, and limited model accuracy. Therefore, developing accurate transdermal models is essential for formulation development and effectiveness assessment. In this study, we developed a multiscale model to describe the transdermal behavior of active ingredients in the stratum corneum. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to construct lipid bilayers and determine the diffusion coefficients of active ingredients in different regions of these bilayers. These diffusion coefficients were integrated into a multilayer lipid pathway model using finite element simulations. The simulation results were in close agreement with our experimental results for three active ingredients (mandelic acid (MAN), nicotinamide (NIC), and pyruvic acid (PYR)), demonstrating the effectiveness of our multiscale model. This research provides valuable insights for advancing transdermal delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Duan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhicheng Ye
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kangfu Zhou
- Yunnan Botanee Bio-Technology Group Co., Ltd., Kunming 650106, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Yunnan Botanee Bio-Technology Group Co., Ltd., Kunming 650106, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co., Ltd., Kunming 650106, China
| | - Cheng Lian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yazhuo Shang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Honglai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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2
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Aljowaie RM, Alsayed MF, Alkubaisi NA, Almarfadi OM, Farrag MA, Abdulmanea AA, Alfuraydi AA, Abalkhail T, Aboul-Soud MAM, Aziz IM. In vitro and in silico evaluation of bioactivities and chemical composition of the aerial parts of Anchusa officinalis L. methanol extract. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4093. [PMID: 38978319 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The main objective of the study is to evaluate the antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities of Anchusa officinalis L. in vitro and in silico. The dried aerial parts of A. officinalis L. were extracted with methanol. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was analyzed. Antioxidant and antimicrobial effects were tested against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of 10 phytochemical compounds, and cyclobutane (26.07%) was identified as the major photochemical compound. The methanol extract exhibited the maximum amount of total phenolic content (118.24 ± 4.42 mg QE/g dry weight of the dry extract) (R2 = 0.994) and the total flavonoid content was 94 ± 2.34 mg QE/g dry weight of the dry extract (R2 = 0.999). The IC50 value for 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid was 107.12 ± 3.42 μg/mL, and it was high for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (123.94 ± 2.31 μg/mL). The IC50 value was 72.49 ± 3.14 against HepG2 cell lines, and a decreased value was obtained (102.54 ± 4.17 g/mL) against MCF-7 cell lines. The methanol extract increased the expression of caspase mRNA and Bax mRNA levels when compared to the control experiment (p < .05). The conclusions, A. officinalis L. aerial parts extract exhibited antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M Aljowaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashail Fahad Alsayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noorah A Alkubaisi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer M Almarfadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Farrag
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel A Abdulmanea
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akram A Alfuraydi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarad Abalkhail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mourad A M Aboul-Soud
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Aziz
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Hasnat H, Shompa SA, Islam MM, Alam S, Richi FT, Emon NU, Ashrafi S, Ahmed NU, Chowdhury MNR, Fatema N, Hossain MS, Ghosh A, Ahmed F. Flavonoids: A treasure house of prospective pharmacological potentials. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27533. [PMID: 38496846 PMCID: PMC10944245 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are organic compounds characterized by a range of phenolic structures, which are abundantly present in various natural sources such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea, and wine. The health advantages of these natural substances are renowned, and initiatives are being taken to extract the flavonoids. Apigenin, galangin, hesperetin, kaempferol, myricetin, naringenin, and quercetin are the seven most common compounds belonging to this class. A thorough analysis of bibliographic records from reliable sources including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and others was done to learn more about the biological activities of these flavonoids. These flavonoids appear to have promising anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, cytotoxic, and lipid-lowering activities, according to evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research. The review contains recent trends, therapeutical interventions, and futuristic aspects of flavonoids to treat several diseases like diabetes, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. However, this manuscript should be handy in future drug discovery. Despite these encouraging findings, a notable gap exists in clinical research, hindering a comprehensive understanding of the effects of flavonoids at both high and low concentrations on human health. Future investigations should prioritize exploring bioavailability, given the potential for high inter-individual variation. As a starting point for further study on these flavonoids, this review paper may promote identifying and creating innovative therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasin Hasnat
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Suriya Akter Shompa
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mirazul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Safaet Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, 6206, Bangladesh
| | - Fahmida Tasnim Richi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Sania Ashrafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Ahmed
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, 6206, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nour Fatema
- Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sakhawat Hossain
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Avoy Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Asiri SA, Shabnam M, Zafar R, Alshehri OM, Alshehri MA, Sadiq A, Mahnashi MH, Jan MS. Evaluation of Habenaria aitchisonii Reichb. for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive effects with in vivo and in silico approaches. Front Chem 2024; 12:1351827. [PMID: 38566899 PMCID: PMC10985259 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1351827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Habenaria aitchisonii Reichb was analyzed in this research, including its chemical composition and its in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, acute oral toxicity, and antinociceptive activity. The chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were found to be the most powerful based on in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic assays. The acute oral toxicity of the crude methanolic extract was determined before in vivo studies. The acetic acid and formalin tests were used to measure the antinociceptive effect, and the potential mechanisms involved in antinociception were explored. The carrageenan-induced paw edema test was used to examine the immediate anti-inflammatory effect, and many phlogistic agents were used to determine the specific mechanism. Furthermore, for ex vivo activities, the mice were sacrificed, the forebrain was isolated, and the antioxidant levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and catalase (CAT) were estimated using a UV spectrophotometer. No toxicity was seen at oral dosages up to 3,000 mg/kg. The antinociceptive impact was much higher than the standard drug. Both the inflammatory and neurogenic phases of the formalin experiment revealed an analgesic effect in the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions. In carrageenan anti-inflammatory assays, the chloroform fraction (Ha.Chf) was the most potent fraction. We further studied the GC-MS of crude plant extract and found a total of 18 compounds. In the anti-inflammatory mechanism, it was observed that the Ha.Chf inhibits the COX-2 as well as 5-LOX pathways. The results exhibited that this species is a good source of phytocomponents like germacrone, which can be employed as a sustainable and natural therapeutic agent, supporting its traditional use in folk medicine for inflammatory conditions and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ahmed Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madeeha Shabnam
- Department of Chemistry, Women University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Rehman Zafar
- Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Osama M. Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saeed Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Alshehri OM, Zeb A, Mukarram Shah SM, Mahnashi MH, Asiri SA, Alqahtani O, Sadiq A, Ibrar M, Alshamrani S, Jan MS. Investigation of anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory potential and ADMET studies of pure compounds isolated from Isodon rugosus Wall. ex Benth. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1328128. [PMID: 38414736 PMCID: PMC10897015 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1328128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The strong ethnopharmacological utilization of Isodon rugosus Wall. Ex. Benth is evident in the treatment of several types of pain and inflammation, including toothache, earache, abdominal pain, gastric pain, and generalized body pain and inflammation. Based on this background, the antinociceptive effects of the crude extract, various fractions, and essential oil have been reported previously. In this research work, we isolate and characterize pure bioactive compounds from I. rugosus and evaluate possible mechanisms using various in vivo and in vitro models. The pure compounds were analyzed for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities through various assays. The column chromatography of the chloroform fraction of I. rugosus led to the identification of two pure compounds, i.e., 1 and 2. Compound 1 demonstrated notable inhibition (62% writhing inhibition, 72.77% COX-2 inhibition, and 76.97% 5-LOX inhibition) and anti-inflammatory potential (>50% paw edema inhibition at various intervals). The possible mechanism involved in antinociception was considered primarily, a concept that has already been elucidated through the application of naloxone (an antagonist of opioid receptors). The involvement of adrenergic receptors was investigated using a hot plate model (an adrenergic receptor antagonist). The strong ethnomedicinal analgesic background of I. rugosus, supported by previous reports and current observations, leads to the conclusion that I. rugosus is a potential source of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. It may be concluded from the results that the isolated analgesic compounds of I. rugosus may be a possible alternative remedy for pain and inflammation management with admirable efficacy and safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Zeb
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | | | - Mater H Mahnashi
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, College of pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Ahmed Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omaish Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Univeristy of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Saleh Alshamrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Mansour FR, Abdallah IA, Bedair A, Hamed M. Analytical Methods for the Determination of Quercetin and Quercetin Glycosides in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-26. [PMID: 37898879 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2269421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are plant-derived compounds that have several health benefits, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic effects. Quercetin is a flavonoid that is widely present in various fruits, vegetables, and drinks. Accurate determination of quercetin in different samples is of great importance for its potential health benefits. This review, is an overview of sample preparation and determination methods for quercetin in diverse matrices. Previous research on sample preparation and determination methods for quercetin are summarized, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each method and providing insights into recent developments in quercetin sample treatment. Various analytical techniques are discussed including spectroscopic, chromatographic, electrophoretic, and electrochemical methods for the determination of quercetin and its derivatives in different samples. UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible) spectrophotometry is simple and inexpensive but lacks selectivity. Chromatographic techniques (HPLC, GC) offer selectivity and sensitivity, while electrophoretic and electrochemical methods provide high resolution and low detection limits, respectively. The aim of this review is to comprehensively explore the determination methods for quercetin and quercetin glycosides in diverse matrices, with emphasis on pharmaceutical and biological samples. The review also provides a theoretical basis for method development and application for the analysis of quercetin and quercetin glycosides in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotouh R Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt
| | - Inas A Abdallah
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Monufia, Egypt
| | - Alaa Bedair
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Monufia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hamed
- School of Information Technology and Computer Science (ITCS), Nile University, Giza, Egypt
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Rao H, Rao I, Saeed L, Aati HY, Aati S, Zeeshan M, ur Rehman Khan K. Phytochemical analysis and bioactivity assessment of five medicinal plants from Pakistan: Exploring polyphenol contents, antioxidant potential, and antibacterial activities. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103783. [PMID: 37680976 PMCID: PMC10480623 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have always been the prime focus in medicine industries due to their enormous ethnobotanical uses and multitude of biological and therapeutic properties. In the current study, preliminary phytochemical composition, Total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) with the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extract and n-hexane, chloroform and n-butanol fractions of five selected medicinal plants [Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers., Lavandula stoechas L., Aesculus indica (Wall. ex Cambess.) Hook, Iris ensata Thunb., and Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.] from Pakistan, have been evaluated. TPC and TFC were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu's and AlCl3 methods respectively. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC while the antibacterial potential of these plants was determined by agar well diffusion assay. K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers. exhibited the highest TPC (695 ± 13.2 mg.GA.Eq.g-1DE ± SD) in n-butanol fraction and the highest TFC in its chloroform faction (615 ± 6.31 mg Q.Eq.g-1 DE ± SD). The n-butanol fraction and hydroalcoholic extract of I. ensata Thunb. exhibited strong antioxidant potential by DPPH and CUPRAC assays respectively, whereas K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers. n-butanol fraction exhibited the strongest reducing potential. The hydroalcoholic extract of all tested plants exhibited significant antibacterial activity against tested bacterial strains with ZI (12-18 mm). Conclusively, K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers. (Family: Crassulaceae) and I. ensataThunb. (Family: Iridaceae) exhibited the highest antioxidant and antibacterial potential. They can be explored for the isolation of phytoconstituents responsible for this potential and serve as a lead for the production of new natural antioxidants and antibacterial agents that can be used to cure various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Rao
- King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Saeed
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Aati
- UWA, University of Western Australia, Nedland, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kashif ur Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
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Sulyman AO, Aje OO, Ajani EO, Abdulsalam RA, Balogun FO, Sabiu S. Bioprospection of Selected Plant Secondary Metabolites as Modulators of the Proteolytic Activity of Plasmodium falciparum Plasmepsin V. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:6229503. [PMID: 37388365 PMCID: PMC10307063 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6229503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a devastating disease, and its management is only achieved through chemotherapy. However, resistance to available medication is still a challenge; therefore, there is an urgent need for the discovery and development of therapeutics with a novel mechanism of action to counter the resistance scourge consistent with the currently available antimalarials. Recently, plasmepsin V was validated as a therapeutic target for the treatment of malaria. The pepsin-like aspartic protease anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the trafficking of parasite-derived proteins to the erythrocytic surface of the host cells. In this study, a small library of compounds was preliminarily screened in vitro to identify novel modulators of Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V (PfPMV). The results obtained revealed kaempferol, quercetin, and shikonin as possible PfPMV inhibitors, and these compounds were subsequently probed for their inhibitory potentials using in vitro and in silico methods. Kaempferol and shikonin noncompetitively and competitively inhibited the specific activity of PfPMV in vitro with IC50 values of 22.4 and 43.34 μM, respectively, relative to 62.6 μM obtained for pepstatin, a known aspartic protease inhibitor. Further insight into the structure-activity relationship of the compounds through a 100 ns molecular dynamic (MD) simulation showed that all the test compounds had a significant affinity for PfPMV, with quercetin (-36.56 kcal/mol) being the most prominent metabolite displaying comparable activity to pepstatin (-35.72 kcal/mol). This observation was further supported by the compactness and flexibility of the resulting complexes where the compounds do not compromise the structural integrity of PfPMV but rather stabilized and interacted with the active site amino acid residues critical to PfPMV modulation. Considering the findings in this study, quercetin, kaempferol, and shikonin could be proposed as novel aspartic protease inhibitors worthy of further investigation in the treatment of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhakeem Olarewaju Sulyman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, P.M.B. 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Oluwapelumi Oluwaseun Aje
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, P.M.B. 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Oladipo Ajani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, P.M.B. 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Rukayat Abiola Abdulsalam
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fatai Oladunni Balogun
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Saheed Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Hanif A, Ibrahim AH, Ismail S, Al-Rawi SS, Ahmad JN, Hameed M, Mustufa G, Tanwir S. Cytotoxicity against A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line via the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Nuclear Condensation Effects of Nepeta paulsenii Briq., a Perennial Herb. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062812. [PMID: 36985784 PMCID: PMC10054104 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Nepeta belongs to the largest Lamiaceae family, with 300 species, which are distributed throughout the various regions of Africa, Asia, India, and America. Along with other plant families distinguished by their medicinal and therapeutic values, the Nepeta genus of Lameaceae remains relatively valuable. Hence, the phytochemicals of N. paulsenii Briq. were extracted using different plant parts, i.e., leaves, stem, roots, flowers, and the whole plant by using various solvents (ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate), obtaining 15 fractions. Each extract of dried plant material was analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS to identify the chemical constituents. The cytotoxicity of each fraction was analyzed by MTT assay and mitochondrial membrane potential and nuclear condensation assays against lung cancer cells. Among the ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts, the flowers showed the best results, with IC50 values of 51.57 μg/mL and 50.58 μg/mL, respectively. In contrast, among the water extracts of the various plant segments, the stem showed the best results, with an IC50 value of 123.80 μg/mL. 5-flourouracil was used as the standard drug, providing an IC50 value of 83.62 μg/mL. The Hoechst 33342 stain results indicated apoptotic features, i.e., chromatin dissolution and broken down, fragmented, and crescent-shaped nuclei. The ethanolic extracts of the flowers showed more pronounced apoptotic effects on the cells. The mitochondrial membrane potential indicated that rhodamine 123 fluorescence signals suppressed mitochondrial potential due to the treatment with the extracts. Again, the apoptotic index of the ethanolic extract of the flowers remained the highest. Hence it can be concluded that the flower part of N. paulsenii Briq. was found to be the most active against the A459 human lung cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Hanif
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad H Ibrahim
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, 100mt. St., Near Baz Interaction, Erbil 44001, KRG, Iraq
| | - Sidra Ismail
- Incharge Health Officer, BHU 418 GB, Faisalabad 37150, Pakistan
| | - Sawsan S Al-Rawi
- Biology Education Department, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, 100mt. St., Near Baz Interaction, Erbil 44001, KRG, Iraq
| | - Jam Nazeer Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mansoor Hameed
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustufa
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Samina Tanwir
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Sun W, Shahrajabian MH. Therapeutic Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants-Natural Health Products for Human Health. Molecules 2023; 28:1845. [PMID: 36838831 PMCID: PMC9960276 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are potential substitutes for bioactive agents in pharmaceutical and medicinal sections to promote human health and prevent and cure different diseases. The most common flavonoids found in nature are anthocyanins, flavones, flavanones, flavonols, flavanonols, isoflavones, and other sub-classes. The impacts of plant flavonoids and other phenolics on human health promoting and diseases curing and preventing are antioxidant effects, antibacterial impacts, cardioprotective effects, anticancer impacts, immune system promoting, anti-inflammatory effects, and skin protective effects from UV radiation. This work aims to provide an overview of phenolic compounds and flavonoids as potential and important sources of pharmaceutical and medical application according to recently published studies, as well as some interesting directions for future research. The keyword searches for flavonoids, phenolics, isoflavones, tannins, coumarins, lignans, quinones, xanthones, curcuminoids, stilbenes, cucurmin, phenylethanoids, and secoiridoids medicinal plant were performed by using Web of Science, Scopus, Google scholar, and PubMed. Phenolic acids contain a carboxylic acid group in addition to the basic phenolic structure and are mainly divided into hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxybenzoic acids are based on a C6-C1 skeleton and are often found bound to small organic acids, glycosyl moieties, or cell structural components. Common hydroxybenzoic acids include gallic, syringic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, gentistic, and salicylic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are based on a C6-C3 skeleton and are also often bound to other molecules such as quinic acid and glucose. The main hydroxycinnamic acids are caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Sun
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13-4260-83836
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Muruthi CW, Ngugi MP, Runo SM, Mwitari PG. In vitro antioxidant activities of Carissa edulis ((Forssk) Vahl) and Pappea capensis (Eckyl. & Zeyh) extracts. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12965. [PMID: 36747936 PMCID: PMC9898664 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal medications are gaining popularity due to their long history of use in traditional medicine. They serve as a reservoir for a diverse array of phytocompounds linked to amelioration of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a disturbance in the balance between generation and elimination of reactive species in human body. Moreover, reactive species are implicated in the onset and progression of chronic disorders. The current therapeutic approaches despite showing efficacy are characterized by several limitations such as adverse effects and prohibitive costs. This drives the need to explore alternatives that can inhibit, ameliorate or reverse conditions caused by oxidative stress. Several studies have evaluated antioxidant effects of diverse plant extracts. C. edulis and P. capensis are used as traditional therapy among the African communities to manage oxidative stress-related ailments. However, there is limited research on the antioxidant effects of these medicinal plants. The current study, therefore, sought to evaluate the antioxidant and phytochemical profile, of C. edulis and P. capensis extracts. Samples were collected from Embu County, Kenya. In vitro antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated through ferric reduction, Iron chelating, hydroxyl radical, and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductases of the extracts were further determined. Phytochemical profiles were determined using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (LC-MS) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) analyses. The extracts displayed concentration dependent antioxidant activities. Phytochemical analyses revealed presence compounds which are associated with antioxidant activities including flavonoids, phenolics, tocopherols and terpenoids. The findings provide a scientific validation for the folklore use of C. edulis and P. capensis in management of oxidative stress. Nevertheless, there is a need for further purification and characterization of phytochemicals associated with antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Wanjira Muruthi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Kenya,Corresponding author.
| | - Mathew Piero Ngugi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Kenya
| | - Steven Maina Runo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Kenya
| | - Peter Githaiga Mwitari
- Centre for Traditional Medicine and Drug Research-Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kenya
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Anjani, Mathur J, Srivastava N. Value added bioactive compounds from fruits & vegetables waste for assessing their antimicrobial activity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:71. [PMID: 36622499 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03488-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Since ancient time, plants and there parts have been used widely against dreadful pathogens due to ability of killing microbes. Waste from fruits and vegetables are pulling in more interest in exploration due to their therapeutic properties such as anti-pathogenic activity. In the present study antimicrobial and cytotoxicity properties of herbal combination prepared from peels of Allium cepa, Cucumis sativus, Citrus reticulata, and Mangifera indica were investigated. The herbal combination was tested for broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Citrobacter freundii. The presence of phytochemical markers such as phenolics and flavanoids were also investigated. The results revealed that the herbal combination exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, B. licheniformis, L. plantarum, E. coli and moderate against P. aeruginosa and C. freundii. The presence of phenolics (798 ± 1.52 µg/g) and flavanoids (355.3 ± 2.081 µg/g) was also detected. Also, the herbal combination contains flavanoids such as quercetin and rutin was confirmed with the help of column chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analysis. The herbal combination helps in the proliferation of L929 cells without affecting their viability was confirmed by MTT assay. The results of the present research suggests the possibility to use herbal combination as source for plausible antibacterial agent which could be isolated and used as a lead candidate for the development of antibacterial drug that help to limit or stop infectious illnesses caused by different pathogenic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjani
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Jyoti Mathur
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Uttar Pradesh, Raebareli, Lucknow, India.
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Phytochemistry, anti-diabetic and antioxidant potentials of Allium consanguineum Kunth. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:154. [PMID: 35698061 PMCID: PMC9190144 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The study was planned to investigate the phytochemicals, antidiabetic and antioxidant studies of A. consanguineum. Methods The preliminary studies were performed on crude extract and different solvent fractions. Based on the potency, the chloroform fraction was semi-purified to phyto-fractions CHF-1 – 5. Furthermore, CHF-3 was subjected to isolation of pure compounds using column chromatography. The α-glucosidase, α-amylase and antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS, H2O2) were performed on all samples. The in-vivo experiments on compounds 1 and 2 were also performed using oral glucose tolerance test. Docking studies were performed on α-glucosidase and α-amylase targets. Results Among all fractions, the chloroform fraction exhibited excellent activities profile giving IC50 values of 824, 55, 117, 58 and 85 μg/ml against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, DPPH, ABTS and H2O2 targets respectively. Among the five semi-purified chloroform phyto-fractions (CHF-1-5), CHF-3 was the leading fraction in activities giving IC50 values of 85.54, 61.19 and 26.58 μg/ml against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and DPPH respectively. Based on the overall potency and physical amount of CHF-3, it was subjected to purification to get compounds 1 and 2. The two compounds were also found potent in in-vitro activities. The observed IC50 values for compound 1 were 7.93, 28.01 and 6.19 μg/ml against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and DPPH respectively. Similarly, the compound 2 exhibited IC50 of 14.63, 24.82 and 7.654 μg/ml against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and DPPH respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were potent in decreasing the blood glucose levels in experimental animals. Compounds 1 and 2 also showed interactions with the respective enzymes with molecular docking. Conclusions We can conclude that A. Consanguineum is a rich source of natural antidiabetic agents. Bioguided isolation of compound 1 and 2 showed potential inhibitions in all tested in-vitro antidiabetic targets. Further, both the compounds were also able to decrease the blood glucose levels in experimental animals.
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Advanced "Green" Prebiotic Composite of Bacterial Cellulose/Pullulan Based on Synthetic Biology-Powered Microbial Coculture Strategy. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153224. [PMID: 35956737 PMCID: PMC9371109 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer produced by different microorganisms, but in biotechnological practice, Komagataeibacter xylinus is used. The micro- and nanofibrillar structure of BC, which forms many different-sized pores, creates prerequisites for the introduction of other polymers into it, including those synthesized by other microorganisms. The study aims to develop a cocultivation system of BC and prebiotic producers to obtain BC-based composite material with prebiotic activity. In this study, pullulan (PUL) was found to stimulate the growth of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG better than the other microbial polysaccharides gellan and xanthan. BC/PUL biocomposite with prebiotic properties was obtained by cocultivation of Komagataeibacter xylinus and Aureobasidium pullulans, BC and PUL producers respectively, on molasses medium. The inclusion of PUL in BC is proved gravimetrically by scanning electron microscopy and by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Cocultivation demonstrated a composite effect on the aggregation and binding of BC fibers, which led to a significant improvement in mechanical properties. The developed approach for "grafting" of prebiotic activity on BC allows preparation of environmentally friendly composites of better quality.
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Parcheta M, Świsłocka R, Świderski G, Matejczyk M, Lewandowski W. Spectroscopic Characterization and Antioxidant Properties of Mandelic Acid and Its Derivatives in a Theoretical and Experimental Approach. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5413. [PMID: 35955349 PMCID: PMC9369768 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The following article discusses the antioxidant properties of mandelic acid and its hydroxy and methoxy derivatives. The antioxidant capacity of these compounds is determined by DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC and ABTS. The mechanisms underlying the antioxidant properties are described by BDE, IP, PDE, ETE and PA calculation method values and referenced to experimental data. Thermochemistry, HOMO/LUMO energies, dipole moments, charge distribution, IR, RAMAN, NMR frequencies, binding lengths and angles were calculated using the B3LYP method and the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The structure of mandelic acid and its derivatives was determined experimentally using IR and RAMAN spectroscopy.
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Synthesis, molecular docking and enzyme inhibitory approaches of some new chalcones engrafted pyrazole as potential antialzheimer, antidiabetic and antioxidant agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Wang L, Wu F, Hong Y, Shen L, Zhao L, Lin X. Research progress in the treatment of slow transit constipation by traditional Chinese medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 290:115075. [PMID: 35134487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common gastrointestinal disorder seriously impacting patients' quality of life. At present, although conventional chemical drugs effectively control STC symptoms in the short term, the long-term effects are poor, and the side effects are significant. In this regard, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers an opportunity for STC treatment. Many pharmacological and clinical studies have confirmed this efficacy of TCM with multiple targets and mechanisms. AIM OF THE STUDY This review attempted to summarize the characteristics of TCM (compound prescriptions, single Chinese herbs, and active ingredients) for STC treatment and discussed their efficacy based on analyzing the pathogenesis of STC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information was acquired from different databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases. We then focused on the recent research progress in STC treatment by TCM. Finally, the future challenges and trends are proposed. RESULTS TCM has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of STC with multi-mechanisms. Based on the theory of syndrome differentiation, five kinds of dialectical treatment for STC by compound TCM prescriptions were introduced, namely: Nourishing Yin and moistening the intestines; Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis; Warming Yang and benefiting Qi; Soothing the liver and regulating Qi; and Benefiting Qi and strengthening the spleen. In addition, six single Chinese herbs and eight active ingredients also show good efficacy in STC treatment. CONCLUSIONS TCM, especially compound prescriptions, has bright prospects in treating STC attributed to its various holistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiangFeng Wang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Fei Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - YanLong Hong
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Lan Shen
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - LiJie Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
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Reis IMA, Cassiano DSA, Conceição RS, Freitas HFD, Pita SSDR, David JM, Branco A. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Ocotea pomaderroides extracts: HPLC-MS/MS characterization and molecular modeling studies. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:999-1003. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1839453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella M. A. Reis
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Dayse S. A. Cassiano
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. Conceição
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Humberto F. de Freitas
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory (LaBiMM), Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Post Graduation program on Pharmacy, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Samuel S. da R. Pita
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory (LaBiMM), Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jorge M. David
- Post Graduation program on Pharmacy, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Branco
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
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Enhanced bone formation in rat critical-size tibia defect by a novel quercetin-containing alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112570. [PMID: 34959114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed an innovative method to include quercetin into alpha-calcium sulphate hemihydrate/nano-hydroxyapatite (α-CSH/n-HA), to prepare a novel quercetin-containing α-CSH/n-HA composite (Q-α-CSH/n-HA). The physicochemical properties, and ability of Q-α-CSH/n-HA to promote cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro were examined. Further, the potential of Q-α-CSH/n-HA to promote bone defect repair was studied using a Sprague-Dawley rat model of critical tibial defects. Imaging was conducted by radiography and micro-CT, and bone defect repairs were observed by histopathological staining. Addition of quercetin clearly increased the porosity of the degraded composite, which elevated the cell proliferation rate, migration ability, osteogenesis differentiation, and mineralisation of BMSCs. Further, quercetin-containing composite increased the expression levels of OSX, RUNX2, OCN, ALP, BMP-2, OPN, BSP, SMAD2, and TGF-β in BMSCs, while it downregulated TNF-α. X-ray and micro-CT imaging showed that the quercetin-containing composite significantly enhanced bone defect repair and new bone in formation. Haematoxylin and eosin, Goldner, and Safranin O staining also showed that quercetin significantly increased new bone generation and promoted composite degradation and absorption. Moreover, immunofluorescence assay revealed that quercetin significantly increased the number of RUNX2/OSX/OCN-positive cells. Overall, our data demonstrate that Q-α-CSH/n-HA has excellent biocompatibility, bone conductivity, and osteo-induction performance in vitro and mediates enhanced overall repair effects and bone reconstruction in vivo, indicating that it is a promising artificial bone graft to promote bone regeneration.
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Mahnashi MH, Alqahtani YS, Alqarni AO, Alyami BA, Jan MS, Ayaz M, Ullah F, Rashid U, Sadiq A. Crude extract and isolated bioactive compounds from Notholirion thomsonianum (Royale) Stapf as multitargets antidiabetic agents: in-vitro and molecular docking approaches. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:270. [PMID: 34706708 PMCID: PMC8549260 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a common disease effecting the lifestyles of majority world population. In this research work, we have embarked the potential role of crude extracts and isolated compounds of Notholirion thomsonianum for the management diabetes mellitus. Methods The crude extracts of N. thomsonianum were initially evaluated for α-glucosidase, α-amylase and antioxidant activities. The compounds were isolated from the activity based potent solvent fraction. The structures of isolated compounds were confirmed with NMR and MS analyses. The isolated compounds were tested for α-glucosidase, α-amylase, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and DPPH activities. The molecular docking studies were carried out to find the binding interactions of isolated compounds for α-glucosidase, α-amylase and PTP1B. Results Initially, we screened out crude extracts and subfractions of N. thomsonianum against different in-vitro targets. Among all, Nt.EtAc was observed a potent fraction among all giving IC50 values of 67, 70, < 0.1, 89 and 16 μg/mL against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, DPPH, ABTS and H2O2 respectively. Three compounds (Nt01, Nt02 and Nt03) were isolated from Nt.EtAc of N. thomsonianum. The isolated compounds Nt01, Nt02 and Nt03 exhibited IC50 values of 58.93, 114.93 and 19.54 μM against α-glucosidase, while 56.25, 96.54 and 24.39 μM against α-amylase respectively. Comparatively, the standard acarbose observed IC50 values were 10.60 and 12.71 μM against α-glucosidase, α-amylase respectively. In PTP1B assay, the compounds Nt01, Nt02 and Nt03 demonstrated IC50 values of 12.96, 36.22 and 3.57 μM in comparison to the standard ursolic acid (IC50 of 3.63 μM). The isolated compounds also gave overwhelming results in DPPH assay. Molecular docking based binding interactions for α-glucosidase, α-amylase and PTP1B were also encouraging. Conclusions In the light of current results, it is obvious that N. thomsonianum is potential medicinal plant for the treatment of hyperglycemia. Overall, Nt.EtAc was dominant fraction in all in-vitro activities. Three compounds Nt01, Nt02 and Nt03 were isolated from ethyl acetate fraction. The Nt03 specifically was most potent in all in-vitro assays. The molecular docking studies supported our in-vitro results. It is concluded that N. thomsonianum is a rich source of bioactive antidiabetic compounds which can be further extended to in-vivo based experiments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03443-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mater H Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali O Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar A Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Chakdara, Pakistan.
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Khawaja H, Fazal N, Yaqub F, Ahmad MR, Hanif M, Yousaf MA, Latief N. Protective and proliferative effect of Aesculus indica extract on stressed human adipose stem cells via downregulation of NF-κB pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258762. [PMID: 34679084 PMCID: PMC8535185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory microenvironment after transplantation affects the proliferation and causes senescence of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) thus compromising their clinical efficacy. Priming stem cells with herbal extracts is considered very promising to improve their viability in the inflammatory milieu. Aesculus indica (A. indica) is used to treat many inflammatory diseases in Asia for decades. Herein, we explored the protective role of A. indica extract on human adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hADMSCs) against Monosodium Iodoacetate (MIA) induced stress in vitro. A. indica ameliorated the injury as depicted by significantly enhanced proliferation, viability, improved cell migration and superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, reduced lactate dehydrogenase activity, reactive oxygen species release, senescent and apoptotic cells were detected in A. indica primed hADMSCs. Downregulation of NF-κB pathway and associated inflammatory genes, NF-κB p65/RelA and p50/NF-κB 1, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 1 (IL-1β), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) were observed in A. indica primed hADMSCs as compared to stressed hADMSCs. Complementary to gene expression, A. indica priming reduced the release of transcription factor p65, inhibitory-κB kinase (IKK) α and β, IL-1β and TNF-α proteins expression. Our data elucidates that A. indica extract preconditioning rescued hADMSCs against oxidative stress and improved their therapeutic potential by relieving inflammation through regulation of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Khawaja
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Numan Fazal
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Yaqub
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rauf Ahmad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzaffar Hanif
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amin Yousaf
- Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Burn & Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Latief
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- * E-mail: ,
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Mahnashi MH, Alyami BA, Alqahtani YS, Alqarni AO, Jan MS, Ayaz M, Ullah F, Shahid M, Rashid U, Sadiq A. Neuroprotective potentials of selected natural edible oils using enzyme inhibitory, kinetic and simulation approaches. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:248. [PMID: 34600509 PMCID: PMC8487577 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03420-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edible oils have proven health benefits in the prevention and treatment of various disorders since the establishment of human era. This study was aimed to appraise neuropharmacological studies on the commonly used edible oils including Cinnamomum verum (CV), Zingiber officinale (ZO) and Cuminum cyminum (CC). METHODS The oils were analyzed via GC-MS for identifications of bioactive compounds. Anti-radicals capacity of the oils were evaluated via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radicals scavenging assays. The samples were also tested against two important acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) which are among the important drug targets in Alzheimer's disease. Lineweaver-Burk plots were constructed for enzyme inhibition studies which correspond to velocity of enzymes (Vmax) against the reciprocal of substrate concentration (Km) in the presence of test samples and control drugs following Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Docking studies on AChE target were also carried out using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE 2016.0802) software. RESULTS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of thirty-four compounds in Cinnamon oil (Cv.Eo), fourteen in ginger oil (Zo.Eo) and fifty-six in cumin oil (Cc.Eo). In the antioxidant assays, Cv.Eo, Zo.Eo and Cc.Eo exhibited IC50 values of 85, 121, 280 μg/ml sequentially against DPPH radicals. Whereas, in ABTS assay, Cv.Eo, Zo.Eo and Cc.Eo showed considerable anti-radicals potentials with IC50 values of 93, 77 and 271 μg/ml respectively. Furthermore, Cv.Eo was highly active against AChE enzyme with IC50 of 21 μg/ml. Zo.Eo and Cc.Eo exhibited considerable inhibitory activities against AChE with IC50 values of 88 and 198 μg/ml respectively. In BChE assay, Cv.Eo, Zo.Eo and Cc.Eo exhibited IC50 values of 106, 101 and 37 μg/ml respectively. Our results revealed that these oils possess considerable antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory potentials. As functional foods these oils can be effective remedy for the prevention and management of neurological disorders including AD. Synergistic effect of all the identified compounds was determined via binding energy values computed through docking simulations. Binding orientations showed that all the compounds interact with amino acid residues present in the peripheral anionic site (PAS) and catalytic anionic site (CAS) amino acid residues, oxyanion hole and acyl pocket via π-π stacking interactions and hydrogen bond interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar A. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali O. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP 18000 Dir (L) Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP 18000 Dir (L) Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25000 Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP 18000 Dir (L) Pakistan
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El Gizawy HA, Abo-Salem HM, Ali AA, Hussein MA. Phenolic Profiling and Therapeutic Potential of Certain Isolated Compounds from Parkia roxburghii against AChE Activity as well as GABA A α5, GSK-3β, and p38α MAP-Kinase Genes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:20492-20511. [PMID: 34395996 PMCID: PMC8359133 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkia roxburghii belongs to the family Mimosaceae; it has been used since ancient times as a cure for different health complications; such as inflammatory and gynecological diseases and hemiplegia. In this investigation, a reversed-phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) profile was carried out for P. roxburghii; also, the isolated bioactive compounds including quercetin, catechin, and biochaninA were individually and/or in combination investigated for their inhibitory effects on scopolamine-induced memory impairments in mice, implying that they have the ability to reduce the neurodegenerative effects of scopolamine and thus could be employed as a more effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in humans. The possible interactions of Parkia flavonoids with acetylcholinesterase (AChE), γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor, alpha5 (GABAA α5), glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAP-kinase), signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and protein-serine/threonine kinase (Akt) were then determined using molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A. El Gizawy
- Pharmacognosy
Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October
6 University, 12585 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Abo-Salem
- Chemistry
and Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries
Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, 12585 Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali A. Ali
- Postgraduate
Studies, October 6 University, 12585 Sixth of
October City, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Hussein
- Biochemistry
Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, October 6 University, 12585 Sixth of October City, Egypt
- . Tel: 0020124832580
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Alqahtani YS. Bioactive stigmastadienone from Isodon rugosus as potential anticholinesterase, α-glucosidase and COX/LOX inhibitor: In-vitro and molecular docking studies. Steroids 2021; 172:108857. [PMID: 33945799 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural product is a well-known source of bioactive compounds. Herein, a steroidal compound stigmasta-7,22-diene-3-one (stigmastadienone) has been isolated from Isodon rugosus. The potency of isolated compound has been tested for several in-vitro targets. The acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase assays were performed using Ellman's procedure. For the in-vitro antidiabetic potential, α-glucosidase inhibitory assay was performed. Similarly, the cyclo and lipoxygenase pathways were studied to find its potential role in the management of inflammation and analgesia. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) assays were performed for the antioxidant potentials. Docking studies were performed against acetylcholinesterase, cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase targets. In anticholinesterase assays, stigmastadienone exhibited half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 13.52 and 11.53 μg/ml for acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase respectively. The observed IC50 values for that of galantamine were 6.07 and 4.42 μg/ml for acety and butyrylcholinesterase respectively. In inhibiting α-glucosidase enzyme, the compound showed mediocre IC50 of 109.40 μg/ml compared to the standard acarbose (7.60 μg/ml). The stigmastadienone proved to be an excellent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) attaining IC50 values of 4.72 and 3.36 μg/ml respectively. The standard drugs IC50 values for COX-2 (celecoxib) and 5-LOX (montelukast) were 3.81 and 2.74 μg/ml respectively. The enzymatic activities of stigmastadienone were also supplemented with antioxidant results, specifically it was more dominant against DPPH and ABTS free radicals. Docking studies showed that only the carbonyl oxygen is able to form hydrogen bond interaction with the residues. In conclusions, the stigmastadienone has been isolated from Isodon rugosus for the first time. Moreover, the compound has been evaluated for several biochemical pathways which suggest its pharmacological role on the explored targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Sanea MM, Abelyan N, Abdelgawad MA, Musa A, Ghoneim MM, Al-Warhi T, Aljaeed N, Alotaibi OJ, Alnusaire TS, Abdelwahab SF, Helmy A, Abdelmohsen UR, Youssif KA. Strawberry and Ginger Silver Nanoparticles as Potential Inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Assisted by In Silico Modeling and Metabolic Profiling. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:824. [PMID: 34356745 PMCID: PMC8300822 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), a novel coronavirus causing life-threatening pneumonia, caused a pandemic starting in 2019 and caused unprecedented economic and health crises all over the globe. This requires the rapid discovery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates to overcome this life-threatening pandemic. Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) methanolic extracts were used for silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) synthesis to explore their SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory potential. Moreover, an in silico study was performed to explore the possible chemical compounds that might be responsible for the anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential. The characterization of the green synthesized AgNPs was carried out with transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared, spectroscopy ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, zeta potential, and a dynamic light-scattering technique. The metabolic profiling of strawberry and ginger methanolic extract was assessed using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. The antiviral potential against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated using an MTT assay. Moreover, in silico modeling and the molecular dynamic study were conducted via AutoDock Vina to demonstrate the potential of the dereplicated compounds to bind to some of the SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The TEM analysis of strawberry and ginger AgNPs showed spherical nanoparticles with mean sizes of 5.89 nm and 5.77 nm for strawberry and ginger, respectively. The UV-Visible spectrophotometric analysis showed an absorption peak at λmax of 400 nm for strawberry AgNPs and 405 nm for ginger AgNPs. The Zeta potential values of the AgNPs of the methanolic extract of strawberry was -39.4 mV, while for AgNPs of ginger methanolic extract it was -42.6 mV, which indicates a high stability of the biosynthesized nanoparticles. The strawberry methanolic extract and the green synthesized AgNPs of ginger showed the highest antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. Dereplication of the secondary metabolites from the crude methanolic extracts of strawberry and ginger resulted in the annotation of different classes of compounds including phenolic, flavonoids, fatty acids, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, sterols, and others. The docking study was able to predict the different patterns of interaction between the different compounds of strawberry and ginger with seven SARS-CoV-2 protein targets including five viral proteins (Mpro, ADP ribose phosphatase, NSP14, NSP16, PLpro) and two humans (AAK1, Cathepsin L). The molecular docking and dynamics simulation study showed that neohesperidin demonstrated the potential to bind to both human AAK1 protein and SARS-CoV-2 NSP16 protein, which makes this compound of special interest as a potential dual inhibitor. Overall, the present study provides promise for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 green synthesized AgNPs, which could be developed in the future into a new anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Narek Abelyan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan 0051, Armenia;
- Foundation for Armenian Science and Technology, Yerevan 0033, Armenia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Maarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.-W.); (N.A.); (O.J.A.)
| | - Nada Aljaeed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.-W.); (N.A.); (O.J.A.)
| | - Ohoud J. Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.-W.); (N.A.); (O.J.A.)
| | - Taghreed S. Alnusaire
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
- Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed F. Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Taif College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aya Helmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (A.H.); (K.A.Y.)
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Khayrya A. Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (A.H.); (K.A.Y.)
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Zafar R, Naureen H, Zubair M, Shahid K, Saeed Jan M, Akhtar S, Ahmad H, Waseem W, Haider A, Ali S, Tariq M, Sadiq A. Prospective Application of Two New Pyridine-Based Zinc (II) Amide Carboxylate in Management of Alzheimer's Disease: Synthesis, Characterization, Computational and in vitro Approaches. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:2679-2694. [PMID: 34188447 PMCID: PMC8232895 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s311619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative illness described predominantly by dementia. Even though Alzheimer’s disease has been known for over a century, its origin remains a mystery, and researchers are exploring many therapy options, including the cholinesterase technique. A decreased acetylcholine ACh neurotransmitter level is believed to be among the important factors in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Methods In continuation of synthesizing potential anti-Alzheimer agents and known appreciative pharmacological potential of amide-containing compounds, this study presents the synthesis of two novel amide-based transition metal zinc (II) complexes, AAZ7 and AAZ8, attached with a heterocyclic pyridine ring, which was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, 1H_NMR, and 13C_NMR. FT-IR spectroscopic records showed the development of bidentate ligand as Δν value was decreased in both complexes when compared with the free ligand. Both of the synthesized complexes were analyzed for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potential along with the antioxidizing activity. Results Importantly, the complex of AAZ8 exhibited more potent activity giving IC50 values of 14 µg/mL and 18µg/mL as AChE and BChE cholinesterase inhibitors, respectively, when compared with standard positive control galantamine. Interestingly, AAZ8 also displayed promising antioxidant potential by showing IC50 values of 35 µg/mL for DPPH and 29 µg/mL for ABTS in comparison with positive control ascorbic acid. Conclusion Herein, we report two new amide carboxylate zinc (II) complexes which were potentially analyzed for various biological applications like acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory potentials, and antioxidant assays. Computational docking studies also simulated results to understand the interactions. Additionally, thermodynamic parameters utilizing molecular dynamic simulation were performed to determine the ligand protein stability and flexibility that supported the results. Studies have shown that these compounds have the potential to be good anti-Alzheimer candidates for future studies due to inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes and display of free radical scavenging potential against DPPH as well as ABTS free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehman Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.,Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Naureen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Samar Akhtar
- Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ahmad
- Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Wajeeha Waseem
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Department of PCB, Rokhan University, Jalalabad, Nangrahar, Afghanistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan
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Mahnashi MH, Alyami BA, Alqahtani YS, Jan MS, Rashid U, Sadiq A, Alqarni AO. Phytochemical profiling of bioactive compounds, anti-inflammatory and analgesic potentials of Habenaria digitata Lindl.: Molecular docking based synergistic effect of the identified compounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 273:113976. [PMID: 33647424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Members of Orchidaceae family has a long history in herbal and Chinese medicines. Members of this family are most commonly famous in the management of inflammation and analgesia in folk medicine. Habenaria digitata, an unexplored specie of Orchidaceae is found in North areas of Pakistan and is used by the local population for the management of analgesia and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the effective outcomes of the natural products as alternative therapies, we have evaluated Habenaria digitata for the management of analgesia and inflammation. The aim of the designed project is to provide a scientific basis of using this plant for the management of analgesia and inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The H. digitata crude extract (Hd.Cr) and subfractions, i.e. n-hexane (Hd.Hex), chloroform (Hd.Chf), ethyl acetate (Hd.EtAc), n-butanol (Hd.Bt) and aqueous (Hd.Aq) were used. The GC-MS analysis was used for the identification of phytochemicals. The plants samples were subjected to cyclooxygenase (COX 2) and lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzymes assays. The hot plate model, acetic acid induced writhing and formalin induced paw licking models were used for in-vivo analgesic studies. The in-vivo anti-inflammatory potential was determined with carrageenan induced paw edema test. Molecular docking studies of the identified compounds were carried out by using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE, 2016.08). RESULTS The GC-MS analysis confirmed sixty-five compounds in Hd.Cr. Among the fractions, Hd.Chf and Hd.EtAc displayed highest activities. The observed IC50 values were 21.30 and 32.39 μg/ml against COX 2 while 14.42and 16.40 μg/ml for 5-LOX respectively. The in-vivo inflammatory and analgesic studies were pre-requisited with acute toxicity tests. In carrageenan induced inflammation, Hd.Chf excelled the standard drug aspirin by giving 62.92% inhibition of paw edema at 4th h. Similarly, at highest concentration (75 mg/kg) of acetic acid induced analgesia, Hd.Chf was more potent than the standard drug. In formalin method, Hd.Chf exhibited 85.81% inhibition at phase-I and 74.15% at Phase-II. In hot plate model, Hd.Chf exhibited average reaction time of 10.90 at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min intervals. Docking studies supported our results and confirm the synergistic effects of phytochemicals. CONCLUSIONS Our experimental results concluded that H. digitata contains several bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds synergistically have therapeutic efficacy for the management of inflammation and analgesia. We have confirmed both of these potentials from the in-vitro and in-vivo experiments. Moreover, it is also obvious that the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions are rich in these bioactive compounds. Specifically, the Hd.Chf is observed to be more practical in all the tested models of analgesia and inflammation. Computed binding energies of the compounds revealed that all the compounds have synergistic effect to prevent analgesia and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mater H Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bandar A Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yahya S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060 Abbottabad, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
| | - Ali O Alqarni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Najran University, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammadi Alaghuz R, Darvishzadeh R, Alijanpour A, Razi M. Toward the identification of molecular markers associated with phytochemical traits in the Iranian sumac ( Rhus coriaria L.) population. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3142-3154. [PMID: 34136179 PMCID: PMC8194943 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) is one of the important forest species dispersed in the northwest of Iran. It is one of the important spice in Iran and the Middle East because of active components containing organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins and terpenoids. This study aimed to investigate population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) extent within Rhus coriaria L. genotypes using ISSR markers and identify molecular markers associated with phytochemical traits using association analysis. In the molecular part of the experiment, the genetic diversity of 75 sumac genotypes from five different areas of northwest Iran was assessed by 18 ISSR primers. In the phenotypic assessment, the fruits of the sumac genotypes were analyzed using HPLC-LC/MSMS for determining phytochemical components including maleic acid, ellagic acid, maleic acid hexoside, gallic acid, coumaric acid, quercetin, caftaric acid, and linoleic acid. The phenotypic data analysis revealed the great phenotypic diversity among and within Iranian sumac populations for the studied phytochemical traits. The studied sumac genotypes were divided into two subpopulations based on molecular marker-based structure analysis. A significant level of LD was observed in 11.64% of the ISSR marker pairs (p < .05). The mixed linear model procedure showed that 12 loci had a significant association with investigated traits. The ISSR loci identified in this study can be potentially used in marker-assisted selection in sumac breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mohammadi Alaghuz
- Agricultural BiotechnologyDepartment of Plant Production and GeneticsFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran
| | - Reza Darvishzadeh
- Department of Plant Production and GeneticsFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran
| | - Ahmad Alijanpour
- Department of ForestryFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran
| | - Mitra Razi
- Department of Plant Production and GeneticsFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran
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Chaniad P, Mungthin M, Payaka A, Viriyavejakul P, Punsawad C. Antimalarial properties and molecular docking analysis of compounds from Dioscorea bulbifera L. as new antimalarial agent candidates. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:144. [PMID: 34006257 PMCID: PMC8132342 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background At present, the emergence and spread of antimalarial drug resistance has become a significant problem worldwide. There has been a challenge in searching for natural products for the development of novel antimalarial drugs. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate compounds from Dioscorea bulbifera responsible for antimalarial properties and investigate potential interactions of the compounds with Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH), an essential glycolytic enzyme in the parasite’s life cycle. Methods An in vitro study of antimalarial activity against chloroquine (CQ)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (K1 strain) and CQ-sensitive P. falciparum (3D7 strain) was performed using the 3H-hypoxanthine uptake inhibition method. The cytotoxic effects of the pure compounds were tested against Vero cells using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The interactions of the compounds with the PfLDH active site were additionally investigated using a molecular docking method. Results Quercetin (6) exhibited the highest antimalarial activity against the P. falciparum K1 and 3D7 strains, with IC50 values of 28.47 and 50.99 μM, respectively. 2,4,3′,5′-Tetrahydroxybibenzyl (9), 3,5-dimethoxyquercetin (4) and quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (14) also possessed antimalarial effects against these two strains of P. falciparum. Most pure compounds were nontoxic against Vero cells at a concentration of 80 μg/ml, except for compound 9, which had a cytotoxic effect with a CC50 value of 16.71 μM. The molecular docking results indicated that 9 exhibited the best binding affinity to the PfLDH enzyme in terms of low binding energy (− 8.91 kcal/mol) and formed strong hydrogen bond interactions with GLY29, GLY32, THR97, GLY99, PHE100, THR101 and ASN140, amino acids as active sites. In addition, 6 also possessed remarkable binding affinity (− 8.53 kcal/mol) to PfLDH by interacting with GLY29, ILE31, ASP53, ILE54, THR97 and THR101. Conclusion Quercetin is a major active compound responsible for the antimalarial activity of D. bulbifera and is an inhibitor of PfLDH. These findings provide more evidence to support the traditional use of D. bulbifera for malaria treatment. Structural models of its interactions at the PfLDH active site are plausibly useful for the future design of antimalarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapaporn Chaniad
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Mathirut Mungthin
- Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Apirak Payaka
- School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Parnpen Viriyavejakul
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Chuchard Punsawad
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
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Sadiq A, Rashid U, Ahmad S, Zahoor M, AlAjmi MF, Ullah R, Noman OM, Ullah F, Ayaz M, Khan I, Islam ZU, Ali W. Treating Hyperglycemia From Eryngium caeruleum M. Bieb: In- vitro α-Glucosidase, Antioxidant, in-vivo Antidiabetic and Molecular Docking-Based Approaches. Front Chem 2020; 8:558641. [PMID: 33335883 PMCID: PMC7737655 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.558641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural-based drugs are believed to be safe, effective and economical. Based on the medicinal importance of the genus Eryngium and unexplored nature of Eryngium caeruleum, we have evaluated its antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials. Both in-vitro and in-vivo assays have been carried out for antidiabetic assays. The antioxidant activity was determined by using different free radicals [i.e., 1,1-diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline]-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)]. Moreover, different phytoconstituents were identified in the most active solvent fraction by GC-MS analysis. Furthermore, comparative fingerprints of methanolic extract and chloroform fraction were also analyzed via High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). The crude methanolic extract of E. caeruleum (Ec.Cr) and its sub-fractions [i.e., n-hexane (Ec.Hex), chloroform (Ec.Chf), ethyl acetate (Ec.EtAc), and aqueous (Ec.Aq) were employed in this study]. In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, a concentration-dependent inhibitory response was observed against the enzyme. The most active sample was Ec.Chf which revealed an IC50 of 437 μg/ml in comparison to the standard acarbose (IC50 25 μg/ml). The rest of the samples showed moderate inhibition of α-glucosidase. In antioxidant assays, Ec.Chf and Ec.Cr exhibited a considerable scavenging effect against all the free radicals. The IC50 values recorded for Ec.Chf were 112, 109, and 150 μg/ml against DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 respectively. Based on the in-vitro potential of Ec.Chf, this was subjected to the in-vivo model experiment. The Ec.Chf lowered the blood glucose level up to 10.3 mmol/L at 500 μg/Kg. The Ec.Chf was also subjected to GC-MS analysis. The GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of 60 compounds. The identified phytoconstituents consist of some essential compounds previously reported with antidiabetic and antioxidant studies, which include thymol, tocopherol, phytol, nerolidol, (I)-neophytadiene, linolenic acid, and falcarinol. Similarly, the HPLC-DAD chromatograms of Ec.Cr and Ec.Chf exhibited a variety of peaks, which further demonstrates the possibility of important phytochemicals. In a nutshell, we can conclude that Eryngium caeruleum is a potential source of bioactive compounds which may be beneficial for the management of ailments like diabetes and free radicals mediated disorders. Molecular docking was performed to explore the possible role of all the identified bioactive compounds in the chloroform fraction of Eryngium caeruleum into active sites of the homology model of α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Zia-Ul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
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Wu H, Su M, Jin H, Li X, Wang P, Chen J, Chen J. Rutin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles With Antithrombotic Function. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:598977. [PMID: 33324624 PMCID: PMC7723967 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we fabricated rutin-loaded silver nanoparticles (Rutin@AgNPs) as the nano-anticoagulant with antithrombotic function. The serum stability, anticoagulation activity, and bleeding risk of Rutin@AgNPs were evaluated. The results showed Rutin@AgNPs had good serum stability, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility. The anticoagulation activity of rutin was maintained, and its stability and aqueous solubility were improved. The Rutin@AgNPs could provide a sustained release to prolong the half-life of rutin. The results of the coagulation parameter assay and thrombus formation test in mice model showed that the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were prolonged, and Rutin@AgNPs inhibited the thrombosis in the 48 h period. Moreover, the limited bleeding time indicated that the Rutin@AgNPs significantly minimized the hemorrhage risk of rutin. This Rutin@AgNPs is a potential anticoagulant for antithrombotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jingxiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Ekalu A, Habila JD. Flavonoids: isolation, characterization, and health benefits. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-020-00065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The unique and vast pharmacological activities of flavonoids have made them of research interest. This led to the use of various techniques to isolate and characterize them, intending to determine their potential health benefits.
Main text
The medicinal values of plant-based flavonoids that this literature review tends to summarize the pharmacological activities of these secondary metabolites from 22 selected plant families. The pharmacological shreds of evidence reported in the literature have proven that flavonoids have shown anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-ulcer, and anti-edematogenic activities. Out of these, 30% showed to have anti-oxidant activity, key in protecting the body against free radicals. Besides, 18% of the references showed anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities. Further literature reports indicated that flavonoids from these families exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-edematogenic (9%), anti-viral and anti-ulcer (5%), anti-fungal, anti-nociceptive, and anti-histamine (2%).
Conclusion
The pharmacological activities of flavonoids from the various sources reviewed in this study show that the secondary metabolites could provide a scaffold for the development of potent anti-cancer drugs in the future.
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Naz S, Zahoor M, Umar MN, Alghamdi S, Sahibzada MUK, UlBari W. Synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of thiourea derivatives. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThioureas and their derivatives are organosulfur compounds having applications in numerous fields such as organic synthesis and pharmaceutical industries. Symmetric thiourea derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of various anilines with CS2. The synthesized compounds were characterized using the UV-visible and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The compounds were screened forin vitroinhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes and for their antibacterial and antioxidant potentials. These compounds were fed to Swiss male albino mice to evaluate their toxicological effects and potential to inhibit glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) inhibition. The antibacterial studies revealed that compound4was more active against the selected bacterial strains. Compound1was more active against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radicals, AChE, BuChE, and α-glucosidase. Compound2was more potent against α-amylase and G6Pase. Toxicity studies showed that compound4is safe as it exerted no toxic effect on any of the hematological and biochemical parameters or on liver histology of the experimental animals at any studied dose rate. The synthesized compounds showed promising antibacterial and antioxidant potential and were very active (bothin vitroandin vivo) against G6Pase and moderately active against the other selected enzymes used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Naz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, 18800 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, 18800 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Umar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, 18800 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wasim UlBari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, 18800 KPK, Pakistan
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Amin MJ, Miana GA, Rashid U, Rahman KM, Khan HU, Sadiq A. SAR based in-vitro anticholinesterase and molecular docking studies of nitrogenous progesterone derivatives. Steroids 2020; 158:108599. [PMID: 32126219 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone is a steroidal hormone that has been described with pathogenic features of brain dysfunction, realized with advanced age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this study, sixteen nitrogenous derivatives of progesterone which we previously synthesized have been used for Alzheimer targets. The progesterone derivatives (1-16) were screened for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory potentials in a dose-dependent manner. All the compounds exhibited overwhelming AChE inhibitions, with IC50 values ranging from 14.40 to 40.37 μM. Similarly, the BChE inhibitory potentials of our compounds were also dominant with IC50values between 20.08 and 46.84 μM. In comparison to our compounds, the standard drug galantamine attain IC50 values of 12.03 and 18.20 μM against AChE and BChE respectively. Molecular docking studies suggested that the compounds exerted their inhibitory activity by binding to the active site of the enzyme. The cholinergic system plays an important role in the regulation of learning and memory processes and has been a major target for the design of anti-Alzheimer's drugs. Therefore, these nitrogen-containing progesterone derivatives will be of potential interest to researchers working in AD for developing new drugs or chemical tools to study the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muafia Jabeen Amin
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas Miana
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060 Abbottabad, Pakistan.
| | - Khondaker Miraz Rahman
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
| | - Hidayat-Ullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18000, Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
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Lu Y, Yang J, Wang X, Ma Z, Li S, Liu Z, Fan X. Research progress in use of traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110136. [PMID: 32335299 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious central nervous system disorder caused by trauma that has gradually become a major challenge in clinical medical research. As an important branch of worldwide medical research, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is rapidly moving towards a path of reform and innovation. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews research related to existing TCM treatments for SCI, with the aims of identifying deficits and shortcomings within the field, and proposing feasible alternative prospects. METHODS All data and conclusions in this paper were obtained from articles published by peers in relevant fields. PubMed, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched for relevant articles. Results regarding TCM for SCI were identified and retrieved, then manually classified and selected for inclusion in this review. RESULTS The literature search identified a total of 652 articles regarding TCM for SCI. Twenty-eight treatments (16 active ingredients, nine herbs, and three compound prescriptions) were selected from these articles; the treatments have been used for the prevention and treatment of SCI. In general, these treatments involved antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and/or antiapoptotic effects of TCM compounds. CONCLUSIONS This paper showed that TCM treatments can serve as promising auxiliary therapies for functional recovery of patients with SCI. These findings will contribute to the development of diversified treatments for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xuexi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Zhanjun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Lanzhou First People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
| | - Xuegong Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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Nazir N, Nisar M, Ahmad S, Wadood SF, Jan T, Zahoor M, Ahmad M, Ullah A. Characterization of phenolic compounds in two novel lines of Pisum sativum L. along with their in vitro antioxidant potential. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:7639-7646. [PMID: 31889276 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Like other vegetables, Pisum sativum L. also faces storage and degradation problems. To enhance their resistance and make them enable to cope with the deterioration problems during storage, the current study was designed to develop two resistant lines of P. sativum in terms of phenolic contents and genotypes. The phenolic compounds generally have antioxidant properties and deterioration during storage which are usually due to oxidation caused by free radicals. Thus, if a variety has high phenolic contents these problems will be coped in a better way. The genotype of a plant is also important in this regard, and the best adopted species would survive in unfavorable conditions. First, the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined in the crude extract using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Then, the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds were carried out in the developed lines of selected plants PL-04 and PL-05, as well as in the parental varieties [Climax (female) and Falan (male)] via HPLC. DPPH assay was used to determine the free radical scavenging capabilities of the extracts of the developed verities. The genotypic differences were confirmed by DNA fingerprinting using advanced simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The HPLC analysis of PL-04 confirmed the presence of three phenolic compounds in an appreciable amount which exhibited a higher antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals, while in the parental varieties, two phenolic compounds were identified and exhibited lower antioxidant activities. PL-04 was found rich in phenolic compounds and affectively scavenge-free radicals which would therefore be resistant to oxidation and degradation caused by free radicals. Comparing the present findings with our previous one, P-04 was found to be resistant to powdery mildew; it was concluded that the most probable reason of the resistance was the high phenolic contents and thus long shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausheen Nazir
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Nisar
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan
- Department of Phamacy, Sarhad University of Science and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Syed Fazal Wadood
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan
| | - Tour Jan
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan
| | - Abid Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Exploring the bioactive compounds from endophytic bacteria of a medicinal plant: Ephedra foliata (Ephedrales: Ephedraceae). ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-019-00410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Naz S, Zahoor M, Umar MN, Ali B, Ullah R, Shahat AA, Mahmood HM, Sahibzada MUK. Enzyme Inhibitory, Antioxidant And Antibacterial Potentials Of Synthetic Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Thioureas. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:3485-3495. [PMID: 31631973 PMCID: PMC6789174 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s225311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, 2 symmetrical and 3 unsymmetrical thioureas were synthesized to evaluate their antioxidant, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and anticholinesterase potentials. Methods The symmetrical thioureas were synthesized in aqueous media in the presence of sunlight, using amines and CS2 as starting material. The unsymmetrical thioureas were synthesized using amines as a nucleophile to attack the phenyl isothiocyanate (electrophile). The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed through H1 NMR. The antioxidant potential was determined using DPPH and ABTS assays. The inhibition of glucose-6-phosphatase, alpha amylase, and alpha glucosidase by synthesized compounds was used as an indication of antidiabetic potential. Anticholinesterase potential was determined from the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase by the synthesized compounds. Results The highest inhibition of glucose-6-phosphatase was shown by compound V (03.12 mg of phosphate released). Alpha amylase was most potently inhibited by compound IV with IC50 value of 62 µg/mL while alpha glucosidase by compound III with IC50 value of 75 µg/mL. The enzymes, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase were potently inhibited by compound III with IC50 of 63 µg/mL and 80 µg/mL respectively. Against DPPH free radical, compound IV was more potent (IC50 = 64 µg/mL) while ABTS was more potently scavenged by compound I with IC50 of 66 µg/mL. The antibacterial spectrum of synthesized compounds was determined against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Agrobacterium tumefaction and Proteus vulgaris). Compound I and compound II showed maximum activity against A. tumefaction with MIC values of 4.02 and 4.04 µg/mL respectively. Against P. vulgaris, compound V was more active (MIC = 8.94 µg/mL) while against S. aureus, compound IV was more potent with MIC of 4.03 µg/mL. Conclusion From the results, it was concluded that these compounds could be used as antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic agents. However, further in vivo studies are needed to determine the toxicological effect of these compounds in living bodies. The compounds also have potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Naz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara, Dir Lower, Kpk 18800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara, Dir Lower, Kpk 18800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Umar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara, Dir Lower, Kpk 18800, Pakistan
| | - Barkat Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara, Dir Lower, Kpk 18800, Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, GC University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center (MAPRC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelaaty A Shahat
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center (MAPRC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Phytochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hafiz Majid Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Ul Bari W, Zahoor M, Zeb A, Sahibzada MUK, Ullah R, Shahat AA, Mahmood HM, Khan I. Isolation, pharmacological evaluation and molecular docking studies of bioactive compounds from Grewia optiva. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:3029-3036. [PMID: 31692531 PMCID: PMC6717395 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s220510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traditionally, Grewia optiva is widely used for the treatment of many diseases like dysentery, fever, typhoid, diarrhea, eczema, smallpox, malaria and cough. Methods Shade-dried roots of G. optiva were extracted with methanol. Based on HPLC results, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were subjected to silica column isolation and four compounds: glutaric acid (V), 3,5 dihydroxy phenyl acrylic acid (VI), (2,5 dihydroxy phenyl) 3',6',8'-trihydroxyl-4H chromen-4'-one (VII) and hexanedioic acid (VIII) were isolated in pure form. Ellman’s assay was used to determine the anticholinesterase potential of isolated compounds while their antioxidant potential was estimated by DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays. Results Amongst the isolated compounds, VI and VII exhibited excellent percent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (83.23±1.11, 82.72±2.20 and 82.11±2.11, 82.23±1.21, respectively, at 1000 µg/mL) with IC50 of 76, 90, 78 and 92 µg/mL, respectively. Highest percent radicals scavenging against DPPH and ABTS (87.41±1.20 and 86.13±2.31) with IC50 of 64 and 65 µg/mL, respectively, were observed for compound VII. Molecular docking studies also supported the binding of compound VI and VII with the target enzyme. The para-hydroxyl group of the phenolic moiety is formed hydrogen bonds with the active site water molecule and the side chain carbonyl and hydroxyl residues of enzyme. Conclusion The isolated compounds inhibited the DPPH and ABTS-free radicals, and AChE and BChE enzymes. It was concluded that these compounds could be used in relieving the oxidative stress and pathological symptoms associated with excessive hydrolysis of acetyl and butyryl choline. The results of the study were supported by docking studies for compounds VI and VII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Ul Bari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Chakdara, KPK 18800, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Chakdara, KPK 18800, Pakistan
| | - Alam Zeb
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Chakdara, KPK 18800, Pakistan
| | | | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center (MAPRC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelaaty A Shahat
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center (MAPRC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Phytochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hafiz Majid Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Chakdara, KPK 18800, Pakistan
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Revathi T, Thambidurai S. Cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of copper oxide incorporated chitosan-neem seed biocomposites. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:867-878. [PMID: 31376446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study biopolymer-inorganic material of chitosan‑copper oxide-neem seed (CS-CuO-NS) biocomposite was successfully synthesized by simple precipitation method and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, HR-SEM, TEM and TGA analyses. From HR-SEM and TEM analysis, CS-CuO-NS biocomposite shows flower and needle like structure respectively. The size of the as prepared CS-CuO-NS biocomposite is found to be 20-100 nm. All the synthesized materials were tested for antibacterial activity against both gram positive like Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) and gram negative like Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella aerogenes (K. aerogenes) bacterial strains. The maximum zone of inhibition is obtained for CS-CuO-NS biocomposite against S. aureus (23 mm), S. pyogenes (21 mm), E. coli (22 mm) and K. aerogenes (20 mm). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. The antioxidant activity was determined by free radicals scavenging such as 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). Furthermore, the cytotoxicity effect was investigated against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line and the highest cytotoxicity (IC50:16.33 μg/mL) is found to be in biocomposite. From the results of antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, it is concluded that CS-CuO-NS biocomposite may be suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Revathi
- Bio-nanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Thambidurai
- Bio-nanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Flavonoids and Colorectal Cancer Prevention. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7120187. [PMID: 30544686 PMCID: PMC6316869 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, but despite advances in treatment, it remains the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Prevention may, therefore, be a key strategy in reducing colorectal cancer deaths. Given reports of an inverse association between fruit and vegetable consumption with colorectal cancer risk, there has been significant interest in understanding the metabolism and bioactivity of flavonoids, which are highly abundant in fruits and vegetables and account for their pigmentation. In this review, we discuss host and microbiota-mediated metabolism of flavonoids and the potential mechanisms by which flavonoids can exert protective effects against colon tumorigenesis, including regulation of signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, cellular proliferation, and inflammation and modulation of the gut microbiome.
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42
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de Siqueira WN, Dos Santos FTJ, de Souza TF, de Vasconcelos Lima M, Silva HAMF, de Oliveira PSS, da Rocha Pitta MG, Bezerra MBCF, de Salazar E Fernandes T, de França EJ, da Silva EB, de Albuquerque Melo AMM. Study of the Potential Radiomitigator Effect of Quercetin on Human Lymphocytes. Inflammation 2018; 42:124-134. [PMID: 30173325 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several substances of synthetic and natural origin have been studied to determine their ability to protect the body from damage caused by ionizing radiation. Among these substances, quercetin has been shown to be a naturally occurring molecule with high radioprotective and radiomitigator potential due to its antioxidant properties. The objective of this work was to ascertain the potential radiomitigator effect of quercetin on chromosome aberration yield in lymphocytes of in vitro-irradiated human peripheral blood. At first, the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) radical capture test was performed to determine the antioxidant activity of quercetin and to select the concentrations to be tested. The blood was irradiated at doses of 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 Gy and lymphocytes were cultured with quercetin at preselected concentrations of 37.5 and 75 μM. Then, the slides were prepared for scoring unstable chromosome aberrations (dicentrics, rings, and fragments). The results showed that the lymphocytes irradiated and later exposed to quercetin presented a lower frequency of chromosomal alterations compared to the control sample which was irradiated and not exposed to quercetin. The results suggest a potential radiomitigator effect of the flavonoid quercetin on human lymphocytes exposed, in vitro, to ionizing radiation. This effect may be related to decrease in the release of cytokines (INF-γ, PGE2, IL-1β, IL6, IL-8) involved in the proinflammatory processes as well as downregulation of NF-kB and reduction of expression TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Williams Nascimento de Siqueira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil.
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil.
- Serviço de Monitoração Ambiental, Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Tiago José Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
| | - Thaísa Feliciano de Souza
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
| | - Maíra de Vasconcelos Lima
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
- Serviço de Monitoração Ambiental, Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago de Salazar E Fernandes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Elvis Joacir de França
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
- Serviço de Monitoração Ambiental, Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
| | - Edvane Borges da Silva
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-540, Brazil
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43
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Tungmunnithum D, Thongboonyou A, Pholboon A, Yangsabai A. Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds from Medicinal Plants for Pharmaceutical and Medical Aspects: An Overview. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E93. [PMID: 30149600 PMCID: PMC6165118 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 642] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds as well as flavonoids are well-known as antioxidant and many other important bioactive agents that have long been interested due to their benefits for human health, curing and preventing many diseases. This review attempts to demonstrate an overview of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds as the interesting alternative sources for pharmaceutical and medicinal applications. The examples of these phytochemicals from several medicinal plants are also illustrated, and their potential applications in pharmaceutical and medical aspects, especially for health promoting e.g., antioxidant effects, antibacterial effect, anti-cancer effect, cardioprotective effects, immune system promoting and anti-inflammatory effects, skin protective effect from UV radiation and so forth are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duangjai Tungmunnithum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
- Department of Botany, Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan.
| | - Areeya Thongboonyou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Apinan Pholboon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Aujana Yangsabai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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