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Yuan G, Shi J, Zeng C, Shi H, Yang Y, Zhang C, Ma T, Wu M, Jia Z, Du J, Zou C, Ma L, Pan G, Shen Y. Integrated analysis of transcriptomics and defense-related phytohormones to discover hub genes conferring maize Gibberella ear rot caused by Fusarium Graminearum. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:733. [PMID: 39080512 PMCID: PMC11288080 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10656-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gibberella ear rot (GER) is one of the most devastating diseases in maize growing areas, which directly reduces grain yield and quality. However, the underlying defense response of maize to pathogens infection is largely unknown. RESULTS To gain a comprehensive understanding of the defense response in GER resistance, two contrasting inbred lines 'Nov-82' and 'H10' were used to explore transcriptomic profiles and defense-related phytohormonal alterations during Fusarium graminearum infection. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 4,417 and 4,313 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the Nov-82 and H10, respectively, and 647 common DEGs between the two lines. More DEGs were obviously enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, metabolic process and defense-related pathways. In addition, the concentration of the defense-related phytohormones, jasmonates (JAs) and salicylates (SAs), was greatly induced after the pathogen infection. The level of JAs in H10 was more higher than in Nov-82, whereas an opposite pattern for the SA between the both lines. Integrated analysis of the DEGs and the phytohormones revealed five vital modules based on co-expression network analysis according to their correlation. A total of 12 hub genes encoding fatty acid desaturase, subtilisin-like protease, ethylene-responsive transcription factor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, and sugar transport protein were captured from the key modules, indicating that these genes might play unique roles in response to pathogen infection, CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results indicate that large number DEGs related to plant disease resistance and different alteration of defensive phytohormones were activated during F. graminearum infection, providing new insight into the defense response against pathogen invasion, in addition to the identified hub genes that can be further investigated for enhancing maize GER resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsheng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Jiahao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Haoya Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chuntian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tieli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mengyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zheyi Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chaoying Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Langlang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guangtang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yaou Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region of Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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2
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Sun J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Cheng Z, Song Y, Li H, Wang N, Liu S, Cao Z, Li H, Zheng W, Duan C, Cao Y. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of Phenylalanine Metabolism in the Maize Response to Stalk Rot Caused by Fusarium proliferatum. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1492. [PMID: 38338769 PMCID: PMC10855574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Stalk rot is a prevalent disease of maize (Zea mays L.) that severely affects maize yield and quality worldwide. The ascomycete fungus Fusarium spp. is the most common pathogen of maize stalk rot. At present, the molecular mechanism of Fusarium proliferation during the maize stalk infection that causes maize stalk rot has rarely been reported. In this study, we investigated the response of maize to F. proliferatum infestation by analyzing the phenotypic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic data of inbred lines ZC17 (resistant) and CH72 (susceptible) with different levels of resistance to stalk rot. Physiological and phenotypic results showed that the infection CH72 was significantly more severe than ZC17 after inoculation. Transcriptome analysis showed that after inoculation, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was higher in CH72 than in ZC17. Nearly half of these DEGs showed the same expression trend in the two inbred lines. Functional annotation and enrichment analyses indicated that the major pathways enriched for DEGs and DEMs included the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, phenylalanine metabolism, biosynthesis of plant hormones, and plant-pathogen interactions. The comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and metabolome data indicated that phenylalanine metabolism and the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways played a crucial role in maize resistance to F. proliferatum infection. In addition, a transcription factor (TF) analysis of the DEGs showed that several TF families, including MYB, bHLH, NAC, and WRKY, were significantly activated after inoculation, suggesting that these TFs play important roles in the molecular regulatory network of maize disease resistance. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the molecular basis of the response of maize to Fusarium proliferatum infection and highlight the importance of combining multiple approaches, such as phenotyping, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, to gain a comprehensive understanding of plant-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Sun
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yanzhao Wang
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xingrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zeqiang Cheng
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yinghui Song
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Na Wang
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shen Liu
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zijia Cao
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wanying Zheng
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Canxing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanyong Cao
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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3
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Bocianowski J. Using NGS Technology and Association Mapping to Identify Candidate Genes Associated with Fusarium Stalk Rot Resistance. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:106. [PMID: 38254995 PMCID: PMC10815114 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stalk rot caused by Fusarium fungi is one of the most widespread and devastating diseases of maize, and the introduction of resistant genotypes is one of the most effective strategies for controlling the disease. Breeding genotypes with genetically determined resistance will also allow less use of crop protection products. The aim of the research was to identify molecular markers and associated candidate genes determining maize plant resistance to Fusarium stalk rot. The plant material for this study consisted of 122 maize hybrids. The experiment was conducted in two localities: Smolice and Kobierzyce. The Fusarium stalk rot values ranged from 1.65% (for genotype G01.10) to 31.18% (for genotype G03.07) in Kobierzyce and from 0.00% (for 58 genotypes) to 6.36% (G05.03) in Smolice. The analyzed genotypes were simultaneously subjected to next-generation sequencing using the Illumina platform. Illumina sequencing identified 60,436 SilicoDArT markers and 32,178 SNP markers (92,614 in total). For association mapping, 32,900 markers (26,234 SilicoDArT and 6666 SNP) meeting the criteria (MAF > 0.25 and the number of missing observations <10%) were used. The results of the observation of the degree of infection and sequencing were used for association mapping, which ultimately resulted in the selection of ten molecular markers important at both places. Among the identified markers, two SNP markers that are located inside candidate genes play an important role. Marker 4772836 is located inside the serine/threonine-protein kinase bsk3 gene, while marker 4765764 is located inside the histidine kinase 1 gene. Both genes can be associated with plant resistance to Fusarium stalk rot, and these genes can also be used in breeding programs to select resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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4
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Sobiech A, Tomkowiak A, Bocianowski J, Szymańska G, Nowak B, Lenort M. Identification and Analysis of Candidate Genes Associated with Maize Fusarium Cob Resistance Using Next-Generation Sequencing Technology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16712. [PMID: 38069033 PMCID: PMC10705949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The pressure to reduce mineral fertilization and the amount of pesticides used has become a factor limiting production growth, as has the elimination of many crop protection chemicals from the market. A key condition for this to be an effective form of protection is the use of varieties with higher levels of resistance. The most effective and fastest way to assist in the selection and control of pathogens is the conducting of genome-wide association studies. These are useful tools for identifying candidate genes, especially when combined with QTL mapping to map and validate loci for quantitative traits. The aim of this study was to identify new markers coupled to genes that determine maize plant resistance to fusarium head blight through the use of next-generation sequencing, association and physical mapping, and to optimize diagnostic procedures to identify selected molecular markers coupled to plant resistance to this fungal disease. As a result of field experiments and molecular analyses, molecular markers coupled to potential genes for resistance to maize ear fusariosis were selected. The newly selected markers were tested against reference genotypes. As a result of the analyses, it was found that two markers (11801 and 20607) out of the ten that were tested differentiated between susceptible and resistant genotypes. Marker number 11801 proved to be the most effective, with a specious product of 237 bp appearing for genotypes 1, 3, 5, 9 and 10. These genotypes were characterized by a field resistance of 4-6 on the 9° scale (1 being susceptible, 9 being resistant) and for all genotypes except 16 and 20, which were characterized by a field resistance of 9. In the next step, this marker will be tested on a wider population of extreme genotypes in order to use it for the preliminary selection of fusarium-resistant genotypes, and the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase 1 gene coupled to it will be subjected to expression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sobiech
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Agnieszka Tomkowiak
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Grażyna Szymańska
- Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Bartosz Nowak
- Smolice Plant Breeding Sp. Z o.o. IHAR Group, Smolice 146, 63-740 Kobylin, Poland;
| | - Maciej Lenort
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (A.S.); (M.L.)
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5
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Zhang L, Hou M, Zhang X, Cao Y, Sun S, Zhu Z, Han S, Chen Y, Ku L, Duan C. Integrative transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals maize responses to Fusarium verticillioides infection inside the stalks. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:693-710. [PMID: 36938972 PMCID: PMC10257047 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium stalk rot caused by Fusarium verticillioides is one of the most devastating diseases of maize that causes significant yield losses and poses potential security concerns for foods worldwide. The underlying mechanisms of maize plants regulating defence against the disease remain poorly understood. Here, integrative proteomic and transcriptomic analyses were employed to identify pathogenesis-related protein genes by comparing differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in maize stalks after inoculation with F. verticillioides. Functional enrichment analysis showed that DEGs and DEPs were mainly enriched in glutathione metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Fourteen DEGs and DEGs that were highly elevated after inoculation with F. verticillioides were confirmed with parallel reaction monitoring and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, demonstrating the accountability and reliability of proteomic and transcriptomic data. We also assessed the potential roles of defence-related genes ZmCTA1, ZmWIP1, and ZmLOX2, identified from the multi-omics analysis, during the process of F. verticillioides infection through virus-induced gene silencing. The elevation of stalk rot symptomatic characteristics in the silenced plants revealed their contribution to resistance. We further functionally characterized the roles of ZmLOX2 expression in the defence response of maize plants conditioning fungal invasion via the salicylic acid-dependent pathway. Collectively, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and proteome of maize stalks following F. verticillioides inoculation, and defence-related genes that could inform selection of new genes as targets in breeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute of Cereal CropsHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouChina
- College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Mengwei Hou
- Institute of Cereal CropsHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouChina
| | - Xingrui Zhang
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yanyong Cao
- Institute of Cereal CropsHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouChina
- The Shennong LaboratoryZhengzhouChina
| | - Suli Sun
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shengbo Han
- Institute of Cereal CropsHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouChina
- College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yanhui Chen
- College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Lixia Ku
- College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- The Shennong LaboratoryZhengzhouChina
| | - Canxing Duan
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
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6
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Liao X, Sun J, Li Q, Ding W, Zhao B, Wang B, Zhou S, Wang H. ZmSIZ1a and ZmSIZ1b play an indispensable role in resistance against Fusarium ear rot in maize. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:711-724. [PMID: 36683566 PMCID: PMC10257050 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium ear rot (FER) is a destructive fungal disease of maize caused by Fusarium verticillioides. FER resistance is a typical complex quantitative trait controlled by micro-effect genes, leading to difficulty in identifying the host resistance genes. SIZ1 encodes a SUMO E3 ligase regulating a wide range of plant developmental processes and stress responses. However, the function of ZmSIZ1 remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that ZmSIZ1a and ZmSIZ1b possess SUMO E3 ligase activity, and that the Zmsiz1a/1b double mutant, but not the Zmsiz1a or Zmsiz1b single mutants, exhibits severely impaired resistance to FER. Transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in plant disease resistance-related pathways, especially in plant-pathogen interaction, MAPK signalling, and plant hormone signal transduction. Thirty-five candidate genes were identified in these pathways. Furthermore, the integration of the transcriptome and metabolome data revealed that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was induced by F. verticillioides infection, and that accumulation of flavone and flavonol was significantly reduced in the Zmsiz1a/1b double mutant. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that ZmSIZ1a and ZmSIZ1b play a redundant, but indispensable role against FER, and provide potential new gene resources for molecular breeding of FER-resistant maize cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of AgronomySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Juan Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Quanquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Wenyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Baobao Wang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LabSanyaChina
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya)Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanyaChina
| | - Shaoqun Zhou
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LabSanyaChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangzhouChina
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7
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Wu X, Liu Y, Lu X, Tu L, Gao Y, Wang D, Guo S, Xiao Y, Xiao P, Guo X, Wang A, Liu P, Zhu Y, Chen L, Chen Z. Integration of GWAS, linkage analysis and transcriptome analysis to reveal the genetic basis of flowering time-related traits in maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1145327. [PMID: 37035050 PMCID: PMC10073556 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1145327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) inbred lines vary greatly in flowering time, but the genetic basis of this variation is unknown. In this study, three maize flowering-related traits (DTT, days to tasselling; DTP, days to pollen shed; DTS, days to silking) were evaluated with an association panel consisting of 226 maize inbred lines and an F2:3 population with 120 offspring from a cross between the T32 and Qi319 lines in different environments. A total of 82 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 117 candidate genes were identified by genome-wide association analysis. Twenty-one quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and 65 candidate genes were found for maize flowering time by linkage analysis with the constructed high-density genetic map. Transcriptome analysis was performed for Qi319, which is an early-maturing inbred line, and T32, which is a late-maturing inbred line, in two different environments. Compared with T32, Qi319 showed upregulation of 3815 genes and downregulation of 3906 genes. By integrating a genome-wide association study (GWAS), linkage analysis and transcriptome analysis, 25 important candidate genes for maize flowering time were identified. Together, our results provide an important resource and a foundation for an enhanced understanding of flowering time in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wu
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Liang Tu
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yifei Xiao
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Pingfang Xiao
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Angui Wang
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yunfang Zhu
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Chen
- Institute of Upland Food Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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8
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Campos MD, Varanda C, Patanita M, Amaro Ribeiro J, Campos C, Materatski P, Albuquerque A, Félix MDR. A TaqMan ® Assay Allows an Accurate Detection and Quantification of Fusarium spp., the Causal Agents of Tomato Wilt and Rot Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:268. [PMID: 36829545 PMCID: PMC9953614 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In tomato plants, Fusarium spp. have been increasingly associated with several wilt and rot diseases that are responsible for severe yield losses. Here, we present a real-time PCR TaqMan® MGB (Minor Groove Binder) assay to detect and discriminate Fusarium spp. from other fungal species that affect tomato plants. The methodology used is based on the selective amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of Fusarium spp. This assay revealed to be highly specific and sensitive for Fusarium species, targeting only the 29 Fusarium isolates from the 45 tested isolates associated to tomato diseases. Sensitivity was assessed with serial dilutions of Fusarium genomic DNA, with the limit of detection of 3.05 pg. An absolute DNA quantification method was also established, based on the determination of the absolute number of target copies. Finally, the effectiveness of the assay was successfully validated with the detection and quantification of Fusarium spp. in potentially infected tomato plants from an experimental field and in control plants grown under controlled conditions. The established methodology allows a reliable, sensitive, and reproducible estimation of Fusarium accumulation in infected tomato plants, gaining new insights for disease control and providing an additional tool in the screening of resistant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Doroteia Campos
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Carla Varanda
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Mariana Patanita
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Joana Amaro Ribeiro
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Catarina Campos
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Patrick Materatski
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - André Albuquerque
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Maria do Rosário Félix
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
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9
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Badu-Apraku B, Adewale S, Paterne A, Offornedo Q, Gedil M. Mapping quantitative trait loci and predicting candidate genes for Striga resistance in maize using resistance donor line derived from Zea diploperennis. Front Genet 2023; 14:1012460. [PMID: 36713079 PMCID: PMC9877281 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1012460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The parasitic weed, Striga is a major biological constraint to cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and threatens food and nutrition security. Two hundred and twenty-three (223) F2:3 mapping population involving individuals derived from TZdEI 352 x TZEI 916 were phenotyped for four Striga-adaptive traits and genotyped using the Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) to determine the genomic regions responsible for Striga resistance in maize. After removing distorted SNP markers, a genetic linkage map was constructed using 1,918 DArTseq markers which covered 2092.1 cM. Using the inclusive composite interval mapping method in IciMapping, twenty-three QTLs influencing Striga resistance traits were identified across four Striga-infested environments with five stable QTLs (qGY4, qSC2.1, qSC2.2, qSC5, and qSC6) detected in more than one environment. The variations explained by the QTLs ranged from 4.1% (qSD2.3) to 14.4% (qSC7.1). Six QTLs each with significant additive × environment interactions were also identified for grain yield and Striga damage. Gene annotation revealed candidate genes underlying the QTLs, including the gene models GRMZM2G077002 and GRMZM2G404973 which encode the GATA transcription factors, GRMZM2G178998 and GRMZM2G134073 encoding the NAC transcription factors, GRMZM2G053868 and GRMZM2G157068 which encode the nitrate transporter protein and GRMZM2G371033 encoding the SBP-transcription factor. These candidate genes play crucial roles in plant growth and developmental processes and defense functions. This study provides further insights into the genetic mechanisms of resistance to Striga parasitism in maize. The QTL detected in more than one environment would be useful for further fine-mapping and marker-assisted selection for the development of Striga resistant and high-yielding maize cultivars.
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10
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Akohoue F, Miedaner T. Meta-analysis and co-expression analysis revealed stable QTL and candidate genes conferring resistances to Fusarium and Gibberella ear rots while reducing mycotoxin contamination in maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1050891. [PMID: 36388551 PMCID: PMC9662303 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1050891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium (FER) and Gibberella ear rots (GER) are the two most devastating diseases of maize (Zea mays L.) which reduce yield and affect grain quality worldwide, especially by contamination with mycotoxins. Genetic improvement of host resistance to effectively tackle FER and GER diseases requires the identification of stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) to facilitate the application of genomics-assisted breeding for improving selection efficiency in breeding programs. We applied improved meta-analysis algorithms to re-analyze 224 QTL identified in 15 studies based on dense genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in order to identify meta-QTL (MQTL) and colocalized genomic loci for fumonisin (FUM) and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation, silk (SR) and kernel (KR) resistances of both FER and GER, kernel dry-down rate (KDD) and husk coverage (HC). A high-resolution genetic consensus map with 36,243 loci was constructed and enabled the projection of 164 of the 224 collected QTL. Candidate genes (CG) mining was performed within the most refined MQTL, and identified CG were cross-validated using publicly available transcriptomic data of maize under Fusarium graminearum infection. The meta-analysis revealed 40 MQTL, of which 29 were associated each with 2-5 FER- and/or GER-related traits. Twenty-eight of the 40 MQTL were common to both FER and GER resistances and 19 MQTL were common to silk and kernel resistances. Fourteen most refined MQTL on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 9 harbored a total of 2,272 CG. Cross-validation identified 59 of these CG as responsive to FER and/or GER diseases. MQTL ZmMQTL2.2, ZmMQTL9.2 and ZmMQTL9.4 harbored promising resistance genes, of which GRMZM2G011151 and GRMZM2G093092 were specific to the resistant line for both diseases and encoded "terpene synthase21 (tps21)" and "flavonoid O-methyltransferase2 (fomt2)", respectively. Our findings revealed stable refined MQTL harboring promising candidate genes for use in breeding programs for improving FER and GER resistances with reduced mycotoxin accumulation. These candidate genes can be transferred into elite cultivars by integrating refined MQTL into genomics-assisted backcross breeding strategies.
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11
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Xu Y, Wang R, Ma P, Cao J, Cao Y, Zhou Z, Li T, Wu J, Zhang H. A novel maize microRNA negatively regulates resistance to Fusarium verticillioides. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:1446-1460. [PMID: 35700097 PMCID: PMC9452762 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the defence response against multiple pathogenic fungi in diverse plant species, few efforts have been devoted to deciphering the involvement of miRNA in resistance to Fusarium verticillioides, a major pathogenic fungus affecting maize production. In this study, we discovered a novel F. verticillioides-responsive miRNA designated zma-unmiR4 in maize kernels. The expression of zma-unmiR4 was significantly repressed in the resistant maize line but induced in the susceptible lines upon exposure to F. verticillioides exposure, whereas its target gene ZmGA2ox4 exhibited the opposite pattern of expression. Heterologous overexpression of zma-unmiR4 in Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced growth and compromised resistance to F. verticillioides. By contrast, transgenic plants overexpressing ZmGA2ox4 or the homologue AtGA2ox7 showed impaired growth and enhanced resistance to F. verticillioides. Moreover, zma-unmiR4-mediated suppression of AtGA2ox7 disturbed the accumulation of bioactive gibberellin (GA) in transgenic plants and perturbed the expression of a set of defence-related genes in response to F. verticillioides. Exogenous application of GA or a GA biosynthesis inhibitor modulated F. verticillioides resistance in different plants. Taken together, our results suggest that the zma-unmiR4-ZmGA2ox4 module might act as a major player in balancing growth and resistance to F. verticillioides in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Xu
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Renjie Wang
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Peipei Ma
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jiansheng Cao
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yan Cao
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
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12
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Guche MD, Pilati S, Trenti F, Dalla Costa L, Giorni P, Guella G, Marocco A, Lanubile A. Functional Study of Lipoxygenase-Mediated Resistance against Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus Infection in Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810894. [PMID: 36142806 PMCID: PMC9503958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels by fungal pathogens like Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus is a chronic global challenge impacting food and feed security, health, and trade. Maize lipoxygenase genes (ZmLOXs) synthetize oxylipins that play defense roles and govern host-fungal interactions. The current study investigated the involvement of ZmLOXs in maize resistance against these two fungi. A considerable intraspecific genetic and transcript variability of the ZmLOX family was highlighted by in silico analysis comparing publicly available maize pan-genomes and pan-transcriptomes, respectively. Then, phenotyping and expression analysis of ZmLOX genes along with key genes involved in oxylipin biosynthesis were carried out in a maize mutant carrying a Mu transposon insertion in the ZmLOX4 gene (named UFMulox4) together with Tzi18, Mo17, and W22 inbred lines at 3- and 7-days post-inoculation with F. verticillioides and A. flavus. Tzi18 showed the highest resistance to the pathogens coupled with the lowest mycotoxin accumulation, while UFMulox4 was highly susceptible to both pathogens with the most elevated mycotoxin content. F. verticillioides inoculation determined a stronger induction of ZmLOXs and maize allene oxide synthase genes as compared to A. flavus. Additionally, oxylipin analysis revealed prevalent linoleic (18:2) peroxidation by 9-LOXs, the accumulation of 10-oxo-11-phytoenoic acid (10-OPEA), and triglyceride peroxidation only in F. verticillioides inoculated kernels of resistant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikias Damtew Guche
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- C3A—Centro Agricoltura Alimenti Ambiente, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Stefania Pilati
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Francesco Trenti
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Lorenza Dalla Costa
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Paola Giorni
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Graziano Guella
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Adriano Marocco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0523-599206
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13
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Xia Y, Wang B, Zhu L, Wu W, Sun S, Zhu Z, Li X, Weng J, Duan C. Identification of a Fusarium ear rot resistance gene in maize by QTL mapping and RNA sequencing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:954546. [PMID: 36176690 PMCID: PMC9514021 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.954546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium ear rot (FER) caused by Fusarium verticillioides is a prevalent maize disease. To comprehensively characterize the genetic basis of the natural variation in FER resistance, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for FER resistance. A total of 17 QTL were identified by linkage mapping in eight environments. These QTL were located on six chromosomes and explained 3.88-15.62% of the total phenotypic variation. Moreover, qFER1.03 had the strongest effect and accounted for 4.98-15.62% of the phenotypic variation according to analyses of multiple environments involving best linear unbiased predictions. The chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) derived from a cross between Qi319 (donor parent) and Ye478 (recurrent parent) were used to verify the contribution of qFER1.03 to FER resistance. The line CL171, which harbored an introgressed qFER1.03, was significantly resistant to FER. Further fine mapping of qFER1.03 revealed that the resistance QTL was linked to insertion/deletion markers InDel 8 and InDel 2, with physical distances of 43.55 Mb and 43.76 Mb, respectively. Additionally, qFER1.03 differed from the previous resistance QTL on chromosome 1. There were three annotated genes in this region. On the basis of the RNA-seq data, which revealed the genes differentially expressed between the FER-resistant Qi319 and susceptible Ye478, GRMZM2G017792 (MPK3) was preliminarily identified as a candidate gene in the qFER1.03 region. The Pr-CMV-VIGS system was used to decrease the GRMZM2G017792 expression level in CL171 by 34-57%, which led to a significant decrease in FER resistance. Using RIL and CSSL populations combined with RNA-seq and Pr-CMV-VIGS, the candidate gene can be dissected effectively, which provided important gene resource for breeding FER-resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Xia
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baobao Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lihong Zhu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suli Sun
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhai Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Weng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Canxing Duan
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Ma P, Li H, Liu E, He K, Song Y, Dong C, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhou Z, Xu Y, Wu J, Zhang H. Evaluation and Identification of Resistance Lines and QTLs of Maize to Seedborne Fusarium verticillioides. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2066-2073. [PMID: 35259305 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-21-2247-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Internal fungal contamination in cereal grains may affect plant growth and result in health concerns for humans and animals. Fusarium verticillioides is a seedborne fungus that can systemically infect maize. However, few efforts had been devoted to studying the genetics of maize resistance to seedborne F. verticillioides. In this study, we developed a disease evaluation method to identify resistance to seedborne F. verticillioides in maize, by which a set of 121 diverse maize inbred lines were evaluated. A 160 F10-generation recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross of the resistant (BT-1) and susceptible (N6) inbred line was further used to identify major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seedborne F. verticillioides resistance. Eighteen inbred lines with a high resistance to seedborne F. verticillioides were characterized and could be used as potential germplasm resources for genetic improvement of maize resistance. Six QTLs with high heritability across multiple environments were detected on chromosomes 3, 4, 6, and 10, among which was a major QTL, qISFR4-1. Located on chromosome 4 at the interval of 12922609-13418025, qISFR4-1 could explain 16.63% of the total phenotypic variance. Distinct expression profiles of eight candidate genes in qISFR4-1 between BT-1 and N6 inbred lines suggested their pivotal regulatory roles in seedborne F. verticillioides resistance. Taken together, these results will improve our understanding of the resistant mechanisms of seedborne F. verticillioides and would provide valuable germplasm resources for disease resistance breeding in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Haojie Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Enpeng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Kewei He
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yunxia Song
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chaopei Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xuecai Zhang
- Global Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600 Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yufang Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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15
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Jadhav KP, Saykhedkar GR, Tamilarasi PM, Devasree S, Ranjani RV, Sarankumar C, Bharathi P, Karthikeyan A, Arulselvi S, Vijayagowri E, Ganesan KN, Paranidharan V, Nair SK, Babu R, Ramalingam J, Raveendran M, Senthil N. GBS-Based SNP Map Pinpoints the QTL Associated With Sorghum Downy Mildew Resistance in Maize (Zea mays L.). Front Genet 2022; 13:890133. [PMID: 35937985 PMCID: PMC9348272 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.890133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorghum downy mildew (SDM), caused by the biotrophic fungi Peronosclerospora sorghi, threatens maize production worldwide, including India. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance to SDM, we used a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between resistant inbred line UMI936 (w) and susceptible inbred line UMI79. The RIL population was phenotyped for SDM resistance in three environments [E1-field (Coimbatore), E2-greenhouse (Coimbatore), and E3-field (Mandya)] and also utilized to construct the genetic linkage map by genotyping by sequencing (GBS) approach. The map comprises 1516 SNP markers in 10 linkage groups (LGs) with a total length of 6924.7 cM and an average marker distance of 4.57 cM. The QTL analysis with the phenotype and marker data detected nine QTL on chromosome 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7 across three environments. Of these, QTL namely qDMR1.2, qDMR3.1, qDMR5.1, and qDMR6.1 were notable due to their high phenotypic variance. qDMR3.1 from chromosome 3 was detected in more than one environment (E1 and E2), explaining the 10.3% and 13.1% phenotypic variance. Three QTL, qDMR1.2, qDMR5.1, and qDMR6.1 from chromosomes 1, 5, and 6 were identified in either E1 or E3, explaining 15.2%–18% phenotypic variance. Moreover, genome mining on three QTL (qDMR3.1, qDMR5.1, and qDMR6.1) reveals the putative candidate genes related to SDM resistance. The information generated in this study will be helpful for map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection in maize breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashmiri Prakash Jadhav
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Gajanan R. Saykhedkar
- Asian Regional Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, India
| | | | - Subramani Devasree
- Department of Millets, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Rajagopalan Veera Ranjani
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chandran Sarankumar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, India
| | - Pukalenthy Bharathi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, India
| | - Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre of Innovation, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, India
| | - Soosai Arulselvi
- Agricultural College and Research Institute, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Esvaran Vijayagowri
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Kalipatty Nalliappan Ganesan
- Department of Forage Crops, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Vaikuntavasan Paranidharan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sudha K. Nair
- Asian Regional Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, India
| | - Raman Babu
- Corteva Agrisciences, Multi Crop Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jegadeesan Ramalingam
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Muthurajan Raveendran
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Natesan Senthil
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre of Innovation, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, India
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
- *Correspondence: Natesan Senthil,
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16
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Feng X, Xiong H, Zheng D, Xin X, Zhang X, Wang Q, Wu F, Xu J, Lu Y. Identification of Fusarium verticillioides Resistance Alleles in Three Maize Populations With Teosinte Gene Introgression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:942397. [PMID: 35909731 PMCID: PMC9331921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium ear rot (FER) is a common fungal disease in maize (Zea mays L.) caused by Fusarium verticillioides. Resistant germplasm resources for FER are rare in cultivated maize; however, teosintes (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis and Z. mays ssp. diploperennis), which are wild-type species of maize, have the potential to offer a novel source of resistance alleles to enhance pathogen resistance in modern maize. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify favorable alleles that confer significant levels of resistance toward FER. Three populations of BC2F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were developed by crossing two different teosintes, Z. diploperennis and Z. parviglumis, with maize inbred lines B73 and Zheng58, and were screened for FER resistance. We found that Z. diploperennis and Z. parviglumis had higher resistance toward F. verticillioides in the leaves than B73 and Zheng58. However, the resistance toward F. verticillioides in the leaf and ear was unrelated among RILs. FER resistance was positively correlated with grain yield in the B73 × diploperennis (BD) and Zheng58 × parviglumis (ZP) populations, partly because the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of FER resistance and yield traits were located close together. Four coincident QTLs (qFERbd5.177, qFERbd10.140, qFERzp4.066, and qFERzp5.116) and two highly reliable resistance-yield synergistic QTLs (qFERbd10.140 and qFERzp4.066) were identified in the BD and ZP populations, opening up the possibility of breeding for FER resistance without reducing yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanjun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobing Xin
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingjun Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengkai Wu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Sobiech A, Tomkowiak A, Nowak B, Bocianowski J, Wolko Ł, Spychała J. Associative and Physical Mapping of Markers Related to Fusarium in Maize Resistance, Obtained by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6105. [PMID: 35682785 PMCID: PMC9181084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
On the basis of studies carried out in the last few years, it is estimated that maize diseases cause yield losses of up to 30% each year. The most dangerous diseases are currently considered to be caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium, which are the main culprits of root rot, ear rots, and stalk rot. Early plant infection causes grain diminution, as well as a significant deterioration in nutritional value and fodder quality due to the presence of harmful mycotoxins. Therefore, the aim of the research was to identify new markers of the SilicoDArT and SNP type, which could be used for the mass selection of varieties resistant to fusarium. The plant material consisted of 186 inbred maize lines. The lines came from experimental plots belonging to two Polish breeding companies: Plant Breeding Smolice Ltd., (Co., Kobylin, Poland). Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute Group (51°41'23.16″ N, 17°4'18.241″ E), and Małopolska Plant Breeding Kobierzyce, Poland Ltd., (Co., Kobierzyce, Poland) (50°58'19.411″ N, 16°55'47.323″ E). As a result of next-generation sequencing, a total of 81,602 molecular markers were obtained, of which, as a result of the associative mapping, 2962 (321 SilicoDArT and 2641 SNP) significantly related to plant resistance to fusarium were selected. Out of 2962 markers significantly related to plant resistance in the fusarium, seven markers (SilicoDArT, SNP) were selected, which were significant at the level of 0.001. They were used for physical mapping. As a result of the analysis, it was found that two out of seven selected markers (15,097-SilicoDArT and 58,771-SNP) are located inside genes, on chromosomes 2 and 3, respectively. Marker 15,097 is anchored to the gene encoding putrescine N-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase while marker 58,771 is anchored to the gene encoding the peroxidase precursor 72. Based on the literature data, both of these genes may be associated with plant resistance to fusarium. Therefore, the markers 15,097 (SilicoDArT) and 58,771 (SNP) can be used in breeding programs to select lines resistant to fusarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sobiech
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (A.T.); (J.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Tomkowiak
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (A.T.); (J.S.)
| | - Bartosz Nowak
- Smolice Plant Breeding Ltd., Co., National Research Institute Group, Smolice 146, 63-740 Kobylin, Poland;
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Wolko
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Julia Spychała
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (A.T.); (J.S.)
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18
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Cao A, de la Fuente M, Gesteiro N, Santiago R, Malvar RA, Butrón A. Genomics and Pathways Involved in Maize Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot and Kernel Contamination With Fumonisins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866478. [PMID: 35586219 PMCID: PMC9108495 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is a causal agent of maize ear rot and produces fumonisins, which are mycotoxins that are toxic to animals and humans. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and bulk-segregant RNA-seq approaches were used to uncover genomic regions and pathways involved in resistance to Fusarium ear rot (FER) and to fumonisin accumulation in maize kernels. Genomic regions at bins 4.07-4.1, 6-6.01, 6.04-6.05, and 8.05-8.08 were related to FER resistance and/or reduced fumonisin levels in kernels. A comparison of transcriptomes between resistant and susceptible inbred bulks 10 days after inoculation with F. verticillioides revealed 364 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In the resistant inbred bulks, genes involved in sink metabolic processes such as fatty acid and starch biosynthesis were downregulated, as well as those involved in phytosulfokine signaling and many other genes involved in cell division; while genes involved in secondary metabolism and compounds/processes related to resistance were upregulated, especially those related to cell wall biosynthesis/rearrangement and flavonoid biosynthesis. These trends are indicative of a growth-defense trade-off. Among the DEGs, Zm00001d053603, Zm00001d035562, Zm00001d037810, Zm00001d037921, and Zm00001d010840 were polymorphic between resistant and susceptible bulks, were located in the confidence intervals of detected QTLs, and showed large differences in transcript levels between the resistant and susceptible bulks. Thus, they were identified as candidate genes involved in resistance to FER and/or reduced fumonisin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | | | - Rogelio Santiago
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Rosa Ana Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
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19
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Gesteiro N, Cao A, Santiago R, Malvar RA, Butrón A. Genomics of maize resistance to kernel contamination with fumonisins using a multiparental advanced generation InterCross maize population (MAGIC). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:596. [PMID: 34915847 PMCID: PMC8675497 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Maize kernel is exposed to several fungal species, most notably Fusarium verticillioides, which can contaminate maize kernels with fumonisins. In an effort to increase genetic gains and avoid the laborious tasks of conventional breeding, the use of marker-assisted selection or genomic selection programs was proposed. To this end, in the present study a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) was performed on 339 RILs of a Multiparental Advanced Generation InterCross (MAGIC) population that had previously been used to locate Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) for resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot (FER). Six QTLs for fumonisin content were detected in the bins 3.08, 4.07, 4.10, 7.03-7.04, 9.04-9.05 and 10.04-10.5. Five of the six QTLs collocate in regions where QTLs for FER were also found. However, the genetic variation for fumonisin content in kernel is conditioned by many other QTLs of small effect that could show QTL x environment interaction effects. Although a genomic selection approach to directly reduce fumonisin content in the kernel could be suitable, improving resistance to fumonisin content by genomic selection for FER would be more advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Gesteiro
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, 36080, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, 36080, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Rogelio Santiago
- Departamento Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Vigo, Unidad Asociada Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Rosa Ana Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, 36080, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, 36080, Pontevedra, Spain
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20
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Park YS, Borrego EJ, Gao X, Christensen SA, Schmelz E, Lanubile A, Drab DA, Cody W, Yan H, Shim WB, Kolomiets MV. Fusarium verticillioides Induces Maize-Derived Ethylene to Promote Virulence by Engaging Fungal G-Protein Signaling. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:1157-1166. [PMID: 34165327 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-20-0250-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seed maceration and contamination with mycotoxin fumonisin inflicted by Fusarium verticillioides is a major disease concern for maize producers worldwide. Meta-analyses of quantitative trait loci for Fusarium ear rot resistance uncovered several ethylene (ET) biosynthesis and signaling genes within them, implicating ET in maize interactions with F. verticillioides. We tested this hypothesis using maize knockout mutants of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthases ZmACS2 and ZmACS6. Infected wild-type seed emitted five-fold higher ET levels compared with controls, whereas ET was abolished in the acs2 and acs6 single and double mutants. The mutants supported reduced fungal biomass, conidia, and fumonisin content. Normal susceptibility was restored in the acs6 mutant with exogenous treatment of ET precursor ACC. Subsequently, we showed that fungal G-protein signaling is required for virulence via induction of maize-produced ET. F. verticillioides Gβ subunit and two regulators of G-protein signaling mutants displayed reduced seed colonization and decreased ET levels. These defects were rescued by exogenous application of ACC. We concluded that pathogen-induced ET facilitates F. verticillioides colonization of seed, and, in turn, host ET production is manipulated via G-protein signaling of F. verticillioides to facilitate pathogenesis.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Soon Park
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
| | - Eli J Borrego
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
| | - Xiquan Gao
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
| | - Shawn A Christensen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
- Chemistry Unit, Center of Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, FL 32608, U.S.A
| | - Eric Schmelz
- Chemistry Unit, Center of Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, FL 32608, U.S.A
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Dillon A Drab
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
| | - Will Cody
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
| | - Huijuan Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
| | - Won-Bo Shim
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
| | - Michael V Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, U.S.A
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21
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Maize WRKY Transcription Factor ZmWRKY79 Positively Regulates Drought Tolerance through Elevating ABA Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810080. [PMID: 34576244 PMCID: PMC8468953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress causes heavy damages to crop growth and productivity under global climatic changes. Transcription factors have been extensively studied in many crops to play important roles in plant growth and defense. However, there is a scarcity of studies regarding WRKY transcription factors regulating drought responses in maize crops. Previously, ZmWRKY79 was identified as the regulator of maize phytoalexin biosynthesis with inducible expression under different elicitation. Here, we elucidated the function of ZmWRKY79 in drought stress through regulating ABA biosynthesis. The overexpression of ZmWRKY79 in Arabidopsis improved the survival rate under drought stress, which was accompanied by more lateral roots, lower stomatal aperture, and water loss. ROS scavenging was also boosted by ZmWRKY79 to result in less H2O2 and MDA accumulation and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Further analysis detected more ABA production in ZmWRKY79 overexpression lines under drought stress, which was consistent with up-regulated ABA biosynthetic gene expression by RNA-seq analysis. ZmWRKY79 was observed to target ZmAAO3 genes in maize protoplast through acting on the specific W-boxes of the corresponding gene promoters. Virus-induced gene silencing of ZmWRKY79 in maize resulted in compromised drought tolerance with more H2O2 accumulation and weaker root system architecture. Together, this study substantiates the role of ZmWRKY79 in the drought-tolerance mechanism through regulating ABA biosynthesis, suggesting its broad functions not only as the regulator in phytoalexin biosynthesis against pathogen infection but also playing the positive role in abiotic stress response, which provides a WRKY candidate gene to improve drought tolerance for maize and other crop plants.
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22
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Tran TM, Ameye M, Landschoot S, Devlieghere F, De Saeger S, Eeckhout M, Audenaert K. Molecular Insights into Defense Responses of Vietnamese Maize Varieties to Fusarium verticillioides Isolates. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7090724. [PMID: 34575762 PMCID: PMC8469167 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium ear rot (FER) caused by Fusarium verticillioides is one of the main fungal diseases in maize worldwide. To develop a pathogen-tailored FER resistant maize line for local implementation, insights into the virulence variability of a residing F. verticillioides population are crucial for developing customized maize varieties, but remain unexplored. Moreover, little information is currently available on the involvement of the archetypal defense pathways in the F. verticillioides-maize interaction using local isolates and germplasm, respectively. Therefore, this study aims to fill these knowledge gaps. We used a collection of 12 F. verticillioides isolates randomly gathered from diseased maize fields in the Vietnamese central highlands. To assess the plant's defense responses against the pathogens, two of the most important maize hybrid genotypes grown in this agro-ecological zone, lines CP888 and Bt/GT NK7328, were used. Based on two assays, a germination and an in-planta assay, we found that line CP888 was more susceptible to the F. verticillioides isolates when compared to line Bt/GT NK7328. Using the most aggressive isolate, we monitored disease severity and gene expression profiles related to biosynthesis pathways of salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), benzoxazinoids (BXs), and pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs). As a result, a stronger induction of SA, JA, ABA, BXs, and PRs synthesizing genes might be linked to the higher resistance of line Bt/GT NK7328 compared to the susceptible line CP888. All these findings could supply valuable knowledge in the selection of suitable FER resistant lines against the local F. verticllioides population and in the development of new FER resistant germplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Minh Tran
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.A.); (S.L.)
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- Correspondence: (T.M.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Maarten Ameye
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Sofie Landschoot
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Frank Devlieghere
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Mia Eeckhout
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- Research Unit of Cereal and Feed Technology, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Audenaert
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.A.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: (T.M.T.); (K.A.)
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23
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Zhou G, Li S, Ma L, Wang F, Jiang F, Sun Y, Ruan X, Cao Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Fan X, Gao X. Mapping and Validation of a Stable Quantitative Trait Locus Conferring Maize Resistance to Gibberella Ear Rot. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:1984-1991. [PMID: 33616427 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-20-2487-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gibberella ear rot (GER), a prevalent disease caused by Fusarium graminearum, can result in significant yield loss and carcinogenic mycotoxin contamination in maize worldwide. However, only a few quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for GER resistance have been reported. In this study, we evaluated a Chinese recombinant inbred line (RIL) population comprising 204 lines, developed from a cross between a resistant parent DH4866 and a susceptible line T877, in three field trials under artificial inoculation with F. graminearum. The RIL population and their parents were genotyped with an Affymetrix microarray CGMB56K SNP Array. Based on the genetic linkage map constructed using 1,868 bins as markers, 11 QTLs, including five stable QTLs, were identified by individual environment analysis. Joint multiple environments analysis and epistatic interaction analysis revealed six additive and six epistatic (additive × additive) QTLs, respectively. None of the QTLs could explain more than 10% of phenotypic variation, suggesting that multiple minor-effect QTLs contributed to the genetic component of resistance to GER, and both additive and epistatic effects contributed to the genetic architecture of resistance to GER. A novel QTL, qGER4.09, with the largest effect, identified and validated using 588 F2 individuals, was colocalized with genomic regions for Fusarium ear rot and Aspergillus ear rot, indicating that this genetic locus likely confers resistance to multiple pathogens and can potentially be utilized in breeding maize varieties aimed at improving the resistance not only to GER but also other ear rot diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong 226541, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Shunfa Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Fuyan Jiang
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650205, P.R. China
| | - Yali Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xinsen Ruan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650205, P.R. China
| | - Xiquan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
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24
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Prasanna BM, Cairns JE, Zaidi PH, Beyene Y, Makumbi D, Gowda M, Magorokosho C, Zaman-Allah M, Olsen M, Das A, Worku M, Gethi J, Vivek BS, Nair SK, Rashid Z, Vinayan MT, Issa AB, San Vicente F, Dhliwayo T, Zhang X. Beat the stress: breeding for climate resilience in maize for the tropical rainfed environments. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1729-1752. [PMID: 33594449 PMCID: PMC7885763 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Intensive public sector breeding efforts and public-private partnerships have led to the increase in genetic gains, and deployment of elite climate-resilient maize cultivars for the stress-prone environments in the tropics. Maize (Zea mays L.) plays a critical role in ensuring food and nutritional security, and livelihoods of millions of resource-constrained smallholders. However, maize yields in the tropical rainfed environments are now increasingly vulnerable to various climate-induced stresses, especially drought, heat, waterlogging, salinity, cold, diseases, and insect pests, which often come in combinations to severely impact maize crops. The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), in partnership with several public and private sector institutions, has been intensively engaged over the last four decades in breeding elite tropical maize germplasm with tolerance to key abiotic and biotic stresses, using an extensive managed stress screening network and on-farm testing system. This has led to the successful development and deployment of an array of elite stress-tolerant maize cultivars across sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Further increasing genetic gains in the tropical maize breeding programs demands judicious integration of doubled haploidy, high-throughput and precise phenotyping, genomics-assisted breeding, breeding data management, and more effective decision support tools. Multi-institutional efforts, especially public-private alliances, are key to ensure that the improved maize varieties effectively reach the climate-vulnerable farming communities in the tropics, including accelerated replacement of old/obsolete varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boddupalli M Prasanna
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF Campus, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O.Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | | | - P H Zaidi
- CIMMYT, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Yoseph Beyene
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF Campus, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O.Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Dan Makumbi
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF Campus, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O.Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Manje Gowda
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF Campus, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O.Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Mike Olsen
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF Campus, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O.Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Aparna Das
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF Campus, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O.Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mosisa Worku
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF Campus, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O.Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - B S Vivek
- CIMMYT, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sudha K Nair
- CIMMYT, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Zerka Rashid
- CIMMYT, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - M T Vinayan
- CIMMYT, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Iqbal N, Czékus Z, Poór P, Ördög A. Plant defence mechanisms against mycotoxin Fumonisin B1. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 343:109494. [PMID: 33915161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most harmful mycotoxin which prevails in several crops and affects the growth and yield as well. Hence, keeping the alarming consequences of FB1 under consideration, there is still a need to seek other more reliable approaches and scientific knowledge for FB1-induced cell death and a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of plant defence strategies. FB1-induced disturbance in sphingolipid metabolism initiates programmed cell death (PCD) through various modes such as the elevated generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release from the mitochondria, and activation of specific proteases and nucleases causing DNA fragmentation. There is a close interaction between sphingolipids and defence phytohormones in response to FB1 exposure regulating PCD and defence. In this review, the model plant Arabidopsis and various crops have been presented with different levels of susceptibility and resistivity exposed to various concentration of FB1. In addition to this, regulation of PCD and defence mechanisms have been also demonstrated at the physiological, biochemical and molecular levels to help the understanding of the role and function of FB1-inducible molecules and genes and their expressions in plants against pathogen attacks which could provide molecular and biochemical markers for the detection of toxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Iqbal
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary; Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zalán Czékus
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary; Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary.
| | - Attila Ördög
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary
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Logrieco A, Battilani P, Leggieri MC, Jiang Y, Haesaert G, Lanubile A, Mahuku G, Mesterházy A, Ortega-Beltran A, Pasti M, Smeu I, Torres A, Xu J, Munkvold G. Perspectives on Global Mycotoxin Issues and Management From the MycoKey Maize Working Group. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:525-537. [PMID: 32915118 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-20-1322-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade, there have been many advances in research and technology that have greatly contributed to expanded capabilities and knowledge in detection and measurement, characterization, biosynthesis, and management of mycotoxins in maize. MycoKey, an EU-funded Horizon 2020 project, was established to advance knowledge and technology transfer around the globe to address mycotoxin impacts in key food and feed chains. MycoKey included several working groups comprising international experts in different fields of mycotoxicology. The MycoKey Maize Working Group recently convened to gather information and strategize for the development and implementation of solutions to the maize mycotoxin problem in light of current and emerging technologies. This feature summarizes the Maize WG discussion and recommendations for addressing mycotoxin problems in maize. Discussions focused on aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, and zearalenone, which are the most widespread and persistently important mycotoxins in maize. Although regional differences were recognized, there was consensus about many of the priorities for research and effective management strategies. For preharvest management, genetic resistance and selecting adapted maize genotypes, along with insect management, were among the most fruitful strategies identified across the mycotoxin groups. For postharvest management, the most important practices included timely harvest, rapid grain drying, grain cleaning, and carefully managed storage conditions. Remediation practices such as optical sorting, density separation, milling, and chemical detoxification were also suggested. Future research and communication priorities included advanced breeding technologies, development of risk assessment tools, and the development and dissemination of regionally relevant management guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Logrieco
- National Council of Research, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Battilani
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campus di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Marco Camardo Leggieri
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campus di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Yu Jiang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Geert Haesaert
- Faculty Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campus di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - George Mahuku
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | | | - Marco Pasti
- Italian Corn Growers' Association, Eraclea, Italy
| | - Irina Smeu
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources-IBA Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Torres
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, IMICO-Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Rio Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Jing Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Gary Munkvold
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
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Wen J, Shen Y, Xing Y, Wang Z, Han S, Li S, Yang C, Hao D, Zhang Y. QTL Mapping of Fusarium Ear Rot Resistance in Maize. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:558-565. [PMID: 32870108 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-20-0411-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ear rot is a globally prevalent class of disease in maize, of which Fusarium ear rot (FER), caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium verticillioides, is the most commonly reported. In this study, three F2 populations, namely F2-C, F2-D, and F2-J, and their corresponding F2:3 families were produced by crossing three highly FER-resistant inbred lines, Cheng351, Dan598, and JiV203, with the same susceptible line, ZW18, for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of FER resistance. The individual crop plants were inoculated with a spore suspension of the pathogen injected into the kernels of the maize ears. The broad-sense heritability (H2) for FER resistance was estimated to be as high as 0.76, 0.81, and 0.78 in F2-C, F2-D, and F2-J, respectively, indicating that genetic factors played a key role in the phenotypic variation. We detected a total of 20 FER-resistant QTLs in the three F2 populations, among which QTLs derived from the resistant parent Cheng351, Dan598, and JiV203 explained 62.89 to 82.25%, 43.19 to 61.51%, and 54.70 to 75.77% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Among all FER-resistant QTLs detected, qRfer1, qRfer10, and qRfer17 accounted for the phenotypic variation as high as 26.58 to 43.36%, 11.76 to 18.02%, and 12.02 to 21.81%, respectively. Furthermore, QTLs mapped in different F2 populations showed some extent of overlaps indicating potential resistance hotspots. The FER-resistant QTLs detected in this study can be explored as useful candidates to improve FER resistance in maize by introducing these QTLs into susceptible maize inbred lines via molecular marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yanqi Shen
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yuexian Xing
- Maize Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136100, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Siping Han
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Chunming Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Dongyun Hao
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
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Gaikpa DS, Kessel B, Presterl T, Ouzunova M, Galiano-Carneiro AL, Mayer M, Melchinger AE, Schön CC, Miedaner T. Exploiting genetic diversity in two European maize landraces for improving Gibberella ear rot resistance using genomic tools. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:793-805. [PMID: 33274402 PMCID: PMC7925457 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03731-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE High genetic variation in two European maize landraces can be harnessed to improve Gibberella ear rot resistance by integrated genomic tools. Fusarium graminearum (Fg) causes Gibberella ear rot (GER) in maize leading to yield reduction and contamination of grains with several mycotoxins. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular basis of GER resistance among 500 doubled haploid lines derived from two European maize landraces, "Kemater Landmais Gelb" (KE) and "Petkuser Ferdinand Rot" (PE). The two landraces were analyzed individually using genome-wide association studies and genomic selection (GS). The lines were genotyped with a 600-k maize array and phenotyped for GER severity, days to silking, plant height, and seed-set in four environments using artificial infection with a highly aggressive Fg isolate. High genotypic variances and broad-sense heritabilities were found for all traits. Genotype-environment interaction was important throughout. The phenotypic (r) and genotypic ([Formula: see text]) correlations between GER severity and three agronomic traits were low (r = - 0.27 to 0.20; [Formula: see text]= - 0.32 to 0.22). For GER severity, eight QTLs were detected in KE jointly explaining 34% of the genetic variance. In PE, no significant QTLs for GER severity were detected. No common QTLs were found between GER severity and the three agronomic traits. The mean prediction accuracies ([Formula: see text]) of weighted GS (wRR-BLUP) were higher than [Formula: see text] of marker-assisted selection (MAS) and unweighted GS (RR-BLUP) for GER severity. Using KE as the training set and PE as the validation set resulted in very low [Formula: see text] that could be improved by using fixed marker effects in the GS model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bettina Kessel
- Kleinwanzlebener Saatzucht (KWS) KWS SAAT SE & Co. KGaA, Einbeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Presterl
- Kleinwanzlebener Saatzucht (KWS) KWS SAAT SE & Co. KGaA, Einbeck, Germany
| | - Milena Ouzunova
- Kleinwanzlebener Saatzucht (KWS) KWS SAAT SE & Co. KGaA, Einbeck, Germany
| | | | - Manfred Mayer
- Plant Breeding, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Albrecht E Melchinger
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Population Genetics and Seed Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Chris-Carolin Schön
- Plant Breeding, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Miedaner
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Loss of ZmLIPOXYGENASE4 Decreases Fusarium verticillioides Resistance in Maize Seedlings. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030335. [PMID: 33668883 PMCID: PMC7996282 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is one of the most relevant fungal species in maize responsible for ear, stalk and seedling rot, as well as the fumonisin contamination of kernels. Plant lipoxygenases (LOX) synthesize oxylipins that play a crucial role in the regulation of defense mechanisms against pathogens and influence the outcome of pathogenesis. To better uncover the role of these signaling molecules in maize resistance against F. verticillioides, the functional characterization of the 9-LOX gene, ZmLOX4, was carried out in this study by employing mutants carrying Mu insertions in this gene (named as UFMulox4). In this regard, the genotyping of five UFMulox4 identified the mutant UFMu10924 as the only one having an insertion in the coding region of the gene. The impact of ZmLOX4 mutagenesis on kernel defense against F. verticillioides and fumonisin accumulation were investigated, resulting in an increased fungal susceptibility compared to the inbred lines W22 and Tzi18. Moreover, the expression of most of the genes involved in the LOX, jasmonic acid (JA) and green leaf volatiles (GLV) pathways, as well as LOX enzymatic activity, decreased or were unaffected by fungal inoculation in the mutant UFMu10924. These results confirm the strategic role of ZmLOX4 in controlling defense against F. verticillioides and its influence on the expression of several LOX, JA and GLV genes.
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Stagnati L, Martino M, Battilani P, Busconi M, Lanubile A, Marocco A. Development of early maturity maize hybrids for resistance to Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots and their associated mycotoxins. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2019.2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Maize is mainly affected by two fungal pathogens, Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus, causing Fusarium ear rot (FER) and Aspergillus ear rot (AER), respectively. Both fungi are of concern to stakeholders as they affect crop yield and quality, contaminating maize grains with the mycotoxins fumonisins and aflatoxins. The easiest strategy to prevent pre-harvest contamination by F. verticillioides and A. flavus is to develop maize hybrids resistant to FER and AER, as well as to their associated mycotoxins. The objective of this investigation was to test 46 F1 hybrids, originated from different Italian, US and Canadian breeding groups, for these important traits and their agronomic performances. All hybrids were planted and artificially inoculated with toxigenic strains of F. verticillioides and A. flavus at two locations in 2017, and the best performing 17 out of 46 were also tested in 2018. Ear rots were present in all hybrids in 2017 and 2018, with percentages ranging from 6.50 to 49.50%, and 5.50 to 45.53%, for FER and AER, respectively. Seven hybrids (PC8, PC15, PC9, PC11, PC14, PC34 and PC17) presented the lowest levels of both diseases considering the overall locations and growing seasons, and three of these (PC8, PC11 and PC14) were also amongst the least mycotoxin contaminated hybrids in 2017. The inbred lines used in hybrid production may provide additional sources of resistance suitable in breeding programs targeting multiple pathogens and their mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Stagnati
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - M. Martino
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - P. Battilani
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - M. Busconi
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
- Research Centre for Biodiversity and Ancient DNA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - A. Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
- Research Centre for Biodiversity and Ancient DNA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - A. Marocco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
- Research Centre for Biodiversity and Ancient DNA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
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Li H, Bariana H, Singh D, Zhang L, Dillon S, Whan A, Bansal U, Ayliffe M. A durum wheat adult plant stripe rust resistance QTL and its relationship with the bread wheat Yr80 locus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:3049-3066. [PMID: 32683473 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A stripe rust resistance QTL in durum wheat maps near the bread wheat Yr80 locus with the latter reduced to 15 candidate genes. Some wheat adult plant resistance (APR) genes provide partial resistance in the later stages of plant development to rust diseases and are an important component in protecting wheat crops from these fungal pathogens. These genes provide protection in both bread wheat and durum wheat. Here, we have mapped APR to wheat stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, in a cross between durum cultivars Stewart and Bansi. Two resistance QTLs derived from the Stewart parent were identified in multi-generational field trials. One QTL is located on chromosome 1BL and maps to the previously identified Yr29/Lr46/Sr58/Pm39 multi-pathogen APR locus. The second locus, located on chromosome 3BL, maps near the recently described bread wheat APR gene, Yr80. Fine mapping in durum and bread wheat families shows that the durum 3BL locus and Yr80 are closely located, with the later APR gene reduced to 15 candidate genes present in the Chinese Spring genome sequence. Distorted segregation of the durum 3BL region was observed with the Stewart locus preferentially transmitted through pollen when compared with the equivalent Bansi region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Box 1700, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Harbans Bariana
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW, 2570, Australia
| | - Davinder Singh
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW, 2570, Australia
| | - Lianquan Zhang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shannon Dillon
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Box 1700, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Alex Whan
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Box 1700, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Urmil Bansal
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW, 2570, Australia
| | - Michael Ayliffe
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Box 1700, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Yao L, Li Y, Ma C, Tong L, Du F, Xu M. Combined genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis reveal candidate genes for resistance to Fusarium ear rot in maize. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:1535-1551. [PMID: 31961059 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium ear rot, caused by Fusarium verticillioides, is a devastating fungal disease in maize that reduces yield and quality; moreover, F. verticillioides produces fumonisin mycotoxins, which pose serious threats to human and animal health. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) under three environmental conditions and identified 34 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were significantly associated with Fusarium ear rot resistance. With reference to the maize B73 genome, 69 genes that overlapped with or were adjacent to the significant SNPs were identified as potential resistance genes to Fusarium ear rot. Comparing transcriptomes of the most resistant and most susceptible lines during the very early response to Fusarium ear rot, we detected many differentially expressed genes enriched for pathways related to plant immune responses, such as plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and cytochrome P450 metabolism. More than one-fourth of the potential resistance genes detected in the GWAS were differentially expressed in the transcriptome analysis, which allowed us to predict numbers of candidate genes for maize resistance to ear rot, including genes related to plant hormones, a MAP kinase, a PR5-like receptor kinase, and heat shock proteins. We propose that maize plants initiate early immune responses to Fusarium ear rot mainly by regulating the growth-defense balance and promoting biosynthesis of defense compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chuanyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lixiu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Feili Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Badu-Apraku B, Adewale S, Paterne AA, Gedil M, Toyinbo J, Asiedu R. Identification of QTLs for grain yield and other traits in tropical maize under Striga infestation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239205. [PMID: 32925954 PMCID: PMC7489516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Striga is an important biotic factor limiting maize production in sub-Saharan Africa and can cause yield losses as high as 100%. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) approaches hold a great potential for improving Striga resistance but requires identification and use of markers associated with Striga resistance for adequate genetic gains from selection. However, there is no report on the discovery of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to Striga in maize under artificial field infestation. In the present study, 198 BC1S1 families obtained from a cross involving TZEEI 29 (Striga resistant inbred line) and TZEEI 23 (Striga susceptible inbred line) plus the two parental lines were screened under artificial Striga-infested conditions at two Striga-endemic locations in Nigeria in 2018, to identify QTL associated with Striga resistance indicator traits, including grain yield, ears per plant, Striga damage and number of emerged Striga plants. Genetic map was constructed using 1,386 DArTseq markers distributed across the 10 maize chromosomes, covering 2076 cM of the total genome with a mean spacing of 0.11 cM between the markers. Using composite interval mapping (CIM), fourteen QTL were identified for key Striga resistance/tolerance indicator traits: 3 QTL for grain yield, 4 for ears per plant and 7 for Striga damage at 10 weeks after planting (WAP), across environments. Putative candidate genes which encode major transcription factor families WRKY, bHLH, AP2-EREBPs, MYB, and bZIP involved in plant defense signaling were detected for Striga resistance/tolerance indicator traits. The QTL detected in the present study would be useful for rapid transfer of Striga resistance/tolerance genes into Striga susceptible but high yielding maize genotypes using MAS approaches after validation. Further studies on validation of the QTL in different genetic backgrounds and in different environments would help verify their reproducibility and effective use in breeding for Striga resistance/tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baffour Badu-Apraku
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
- * E-mail:
| | - Samuel Adewale
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Melaku Gedil
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Johnson Toyinbo
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Robert Asiedu
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
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Santiago R, Cao A, Malvar RA, Butrón A. Genomics of Maize Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisin Contamination. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E431. [PMID: 32629954 PMCID: PMC7404995 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12070431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food contamination with mycotoxins is a worldwide concern, because these toxins produced by several fungal species have detrimental effects on animal and/or human health. In maize, fumonisins are among the toxins with the highest threatening potential because they are mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides, which is distributed worldwide. Plant breeding has emerged as an effective and environmentally safe method to reduce fumonisin levels in maize kernels, but although phenotypic selection has proved effective for improving resistance to fumonisin contamination, further resources should be mobilized to meet farmers' needs. Selection based on molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to fumonisin contamination or/and genotype values obtained using prediction models with markers distributed across the whole genome could speed up breeding progress. Therefore, in the current paper, previously identified genomic regions, genes, and/or pathways implicated in resistance to fumonisin accumulation will be reviewed. Studies done until now have provide many markers to be used by breeders, but to get further insight on plant mechanisms to defend against fungal infection and to limit fumonisin contamination, the genes behind those QTLs should be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Santiago
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Ana Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain; (A.C.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Rosa Ana Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain; (A.C.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Ana Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain; (A.C.); (R.A.M.)
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Ciasca B, Lanubile A, Marocco A, Pascale M, Logrieco AF, Lattanzio VMT. Application of an Integrated and Open Source Workflow for LC-HRMS Plant Metabolomics Studies. Case-Control Study: Metabolic Changes of Maize in Response to Fusarium verticillioides Infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:664. [PMID: 32582236 PMCID: PMC7290002 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) represents the most powerful metabolomics platform to investigate biological systems. Reproducible and standardized workflows allow obtaining a meaningful biological interpretation. The purpose of this study was to set up and apply an open-source workflow for LC-HRMS plant metabolomics studies. Key steps of the proposed workflow were as follows: (1) experimental design, (2) sample preparation, (3) LC-HRMS analysis, (4) data processing, (5) custom database search, (6) statistical analysis, (7) compound identification, and (8) biochemical interpretation. Its applicability was evaluated through the study of metabolomics changes of two maize recombinant inbred lines with contrasting phenotypes with respect to disease severity after Fusarium verticillioides infection of seedlings. Analysis of data from the case-control study revealed abundance change in metabolites belonging to different metabolic pathways, including two amino acids (L-tryptophan and tyrosine), five flavonoids, and three N-hydroxynnamic acid amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biancamaria Ciasca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Adriano Marocco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Pascale
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio F. Logrieco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
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Guo Z, Zou C, Liu X, Wang S, Li WX, Jeffers D, Fan X, Xu M, Xu Y. Complex Genetic System Involved in Fusarium Ear Rot Resistance in Maize as Revealed by GWAS, Bulked Sample Analysis, and Genomic Prediction. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:1725-1735. [PMID: 32320373 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-19-1552-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium ear rot (FER) caused by Fusarium verticillioides is one of the most prevalent maize diseases in China and worldwide. Resistance to FER is a complex trait controlled by multiple genes highly affected by environment. In this paper, genome-wide association study (GWAS), bulked sample analysis (BSA), and genomic prediction were performed for understanding FER resistance using 509 diverse inbred lines, which were genotyped by 37,801 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Ear rot evaluation was performed using artificial inoculation in four environments in China: Xinxiang, Henan, and Shunyi, Beijing, during 2017 and 2018. Significant phenotypic and genetic variation for FER severity was observed, and FER resistance was significantly correlated among the four environments with a generalized heritability of 0.78. GWAS identified 23 SNPs that were associated with FER resistance, 2 of which (1_226233417 on chromosome 1 and 10_14501044 on chromosome 10) were associated at threshold of 2.65 × 10-7 [-log(0.01/37,801)]. Using BSA, resistance quantitative trait loci were identified on chromosomes 3, 4, 7, 9, and 10 at the 90% confidence level and on chromosomes 3 and 10 at the 95% confidence level. A key region, bin 10.03, was detected by both GWAS and BSA. Genomic prediction for FER resistance showed that the prediction accuracy by trait-related markers was higher than that by randomly selected markers under different levels of marker density. Marker-assisted selection using genomic prediction could be an efficient strategy for genetic improvement for complex traits like FER resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Guo
- Institute of Crop Science/International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cheng Zou
- Institute of Crop Science/International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Institute of Crop Science/International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shanhong Wang
- Institute of Crop Science/International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- Institute of Crop Science/International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dan Jeffers
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, El Batan, Texcoco, CP 56130, México
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China
| | - Mingliang Xu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunbi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science/International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, El Batan, Texcoco, CP 56130, México
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201400, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China Tropical Maize Research Center, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
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Wu Y, Zhou Z, Dong C, Chen J, Ding J, Zhang X, Mu C, Chen Y, Li X, Li H, Han Y, Wang R, Sun X, Li J, Dai X, Song W, Chen W, Wu J. Linkage mapping and genome-wide association study reveals conservative QTL and candidate genes for Fusarium rot resistance in maize. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:357. [PMID: 32398006 PMCID: PMC7218626 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium ear rot (FER) caused by Fusarium verticillioides is a major disease of maize that reduces grain yield and quality globally. However, there have been few reports of major loci for FER were verified and cloned. RESULT To gain a comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in FER resistance, a recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population and one panel of inbred lines were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance. As a result, a total of 10 QTL were identified by linkage mapping under four environments, which were located on six chromosomes and explained 1.0-7.1% of the phenotypic variation. Epistatic mapping detected four pairs of QTL that showed significant epistasis effects, explaining 2.1-3.0% of the phenotypic variation. Additionally, 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified across the whole genome by genome-wide association study (GWAS) under five environments. Compared linkage and association mapping revealed five common intervals located on chromosomes 3, 4, and 5 associated with FER resistance, four of which were verified in different near-isogenic lines (NILs) populations. GWAS identified three candidate genes in these consistent intervals, which belonged to the Glutaredoxin protein family, actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs), and AMP-binding proteins. In addition, two verified FER QTL regions were found consistent with Fusarium cob rot (FCR) and Fusarium seed rot (FSR). CONCLUSIONS These results revealed that multi pathways were involved in FER resistance, which was a complex trait that was controlled by multiple genes with minor effects, and provided important QTL and genes, which could be used in molecular breeding for resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chaopei Dong
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiafa Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Junqiang Ding
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xuecai Zhang
- Global Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo 6-641, 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Cong Mu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuna Chen
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Huimin Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanan Han
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaodong Dai
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Weibin Song
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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A Genome-Wide Association Study To Understand the Effect of Fusarium verticillioides Infection on Seedlings of a Maize Diversity Panel. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:1685-1696. [PMID: 32156690 PMCID: PMC7202023 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides, which causes ear, kernel and stem rots, has been reported as the most prevalent species on maize worldwide. Kernel infection by F. verticillioides results in reduced seed yield and quality as well as fumonisin contamination, and may affect seedling traits like germination rate, entire plant seedling length and weight. Maize resistance to Fusarium is a quantitative and complex trait controlled by numerous genes with small effects. In the present work, a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) of traits related to Fusarium seedling rot was carried out in 230 lines of a maize association population using 226,446 SNP markers. Phenotypes were scored on artificially infected kernels applying the rolled towel assay screening method and three traits related to disease response were measured in inoculated and not-inoculated seedlings: plant seedling length (PL), plant seedling weight (PW) and germination rate (GERM). Overall, GWAS resulted in 42 SNPs significantly associated with the examined traits. Two and eleven SNPs were associated with PL in inoculated and not-inoculated samples, respectively. Additionally, six and one SNPs were associated with PW and GERM traits in not-inoculated kernels, and further nine and thirteen SNPs were associated to the same traits in inoculated kernels. Five genes containing the significant SNPs or physically closed to them were proposed for Fusarium resistance, and 18 out of 25 genes containing or adjacent to significant SNPs identified by GWAS in the current research co-localized within QTL regions previously reported for resistance to Fusarium seed rot, Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation. Furthermore, linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed an additional gene not directly observed by GWAS analysis. These findings could aid to better understand the complex interaction between maize and F. verticillioides.
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Deepa N, Sreenivasa M. Molecular methods and key genes targeted for the detection of fumonisin producing Fusarium verticillioides – An updated review. FOOD BIOSCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2019.100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Perincherry L, Lalak-Kańczugowska J, Stępień Ł. Fusarium-Produced Mycotoxins in Plant-Pathogen Interactions. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11110664. [PMID: 31739566 PMCID: PMC6891594 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens belonging to the Fusarium genus are causal agents of the most significant crop diseases worldwide. Virtually all Fusarium species synthesize toxic secondary metabolites, known as mycotoxins; however, the roles of mycotoxins are not yet fully understood. To understand how a fungal partner alters its lifestyle to assimilate with the plant host remains a challenge. The review presented the mechanisms of mycotoxin biosynthesis in the Fusarium genus under various environmental conditions, such as pH, temperature, moisture content, and nitrogen source. It also concentrated on plant metabolic pathways and cytogenetic changes that are influenced as a consequence of mycotoxin confrontations. Moreover, we looked through special secondary metabolite production and mycotoxins specific for some significant fungal pathogens-plant host models. Plant strategies of avoiding the Fusarium mycotoxins were also discussed. Finally, we outlined the studies on the potential of plant secondary metabolites in defense reaction to Fusarium infection.
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Gaikpa DS, Miedaner T. Genomics-assisted breeding for ear rot resistances and reduced mycotoxin contamination in maize: methods, advances and prospects. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:2721-2739. [PMID: 31440772 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Genetic mapping, genomic profiling and bioinformatic approaches were used to identify putative resistance genes for ear rots and low mycotoxin contamination in maize. Genomic selection seems to have good perspectives. Maize is globally an indispensable crop for humans and livestock. About 30% of yield is lost by fungal diseases with Gibberella, Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots (ERs) having a high economic impact in most maize-growing regions of the world. They reduce not only yield, but also contaminate grains with mycotoxins like deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins and aflatoxins, respectively. These mycotoxins pose serious health problems to humans and animals. A number of studies have been conducted to dissect the genetic architecture of resistance to these three major ear rots over the past decade. The review concentrates on studies carried out to locate quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes (CG) on the maize genome as well as the application of genomic selection in maize for resistance against Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus. QTL studies by linkage or genome-wide association mapping, omic technologies (genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics) and bioinformatics are the methods used in the current studies to propose resistance genes against ear rot pathogens. Though a number of QTL and CG are reported, only a few specific genes were found to directly confer ER resistance in maize. A combination of two or more gene identification methods would provide a more powerful and reliable tool. Genomic selection seems to be promising for ER resistance breeding, but there are only a limited number of studies in this area. A strategy that can accurately validate and predict genotypes with major effect QTL and CG for selection will be worthwhile for practical breeding against ERs and mycotoxin contamination in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sewordor Gaikpa
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Miedaner
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
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42
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Duan C, Song F, Sun S, Guo C, Zhu Z, Wang X. Characterization and Molecular Mapping of Two Novel Genes Resistant to Pythium Stalk Rot in Maize. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:804-809. [PMID: 30328778 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-09-18-0329-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pythium stalk rot caused by Pythium inflatum is becoming a more and more serious disease in maize, and it has caused severe yield loss in China in recent years. Deployment of resistant maize varieties is the most effective way to control this disease. Searching for the resistant maize germplasm and identifying the resistance genes are the vital processes in the breeding program. The maize inbred line X178 previously showed high resistance to Pythium stalk rot. Thus, this study aimed to reveal the gene(s) resistance to Pythium stalk rot in X178 by resistance inheritance analysis using the derived F2 and F2:3 genetic populations. The results showed that two independently inherited dominant genes, designated RpiX178-1 and RpiX178-2, carried by X178 are responsible for its resistance relative to the susceptible parent Ye107; they are located on regions of maize chromosome (chr.) 1 bin 1.09 and chr. 4 bin 4.08, respectively, and flanked by markers umc2047 and bnlg1671 as well as bnlg1444 and umc1313, respectively, by linkage analysis. Subsequently, RpiX178-1 was finely mapped between markers SSRZ8 and IDP2347, with genetic distances of 0.6 and 1.1 cM, respectively, and the physical distance of the target region was about 700 kb. RpiX178-2 was also further located between markers bnlg1444 and umc2041, with a genetic distance of 2.4 cM. Moreover, we confirmed that the two genes RpiX178-1 and RpiX178-2 were newly identified and different from those genes known on chrs. 1 and 4 according to results of allelism testing. Herein, we newly identified two genes resistant to P. inflatum, which provided important genetic information for resistance to Pythium stalk rot in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canxing Duan
- 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China; and
| | - Fengjing Song
- 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China; and
| | - Suli Sun
- 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China; and
| | - Cheng Guo
- 2 Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China; and
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China; and
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Butrón A, Santiago R, Cao A, Samayoa LF, Malvar RA. QTLs for Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot in a Multiparent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) Maize Population. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:897-904. [PMID: 30856072 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-18-1669-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alternative approaches to linkage and association mapping using inbred panels may allow further insights into loci involved in resistance to Fusarium ear rot and lead to the discovery of suitable markers for breeding programs. Here, the suitability of a maize multiparent advanced-generation intercross population for detecting quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with Fusarium ear rot resistance was evaluated and found to be valuable in uncovering genomic regions containing resistance-associated loci in temperate materials. In total, 13 putative minor QTLs were located over all of the chromosomes, except chromosome 5, and frequencies of favorable alleles for resistance to Fusarium ear rot were, in general, high. These findings corroborated the quantitative characteristic of resistance to Fusarium ear rot in which many loci have small additive effects. Present and previous results indicate that crucial regions such as 210 to 220 Mb in chromosome 3 and 166 to 173 Mb in chromosome 7 (B73-RefGen-v2) contain QTLs for Fusarium ear rot resistance and fumonisin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Butrón
- 1 Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, Pontevedra 36080, Spain
| | - R Santiago
- 2 Facultad de Biología, Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain
- 3 Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), Pontevedra 36143, Spain; and
| | - A Cao
- 1 Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, Pontevedra 36080, Spain
| | - L F Samayoa
- 4 Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, U.S.A
| | - R A Malvar
- 1 Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, Pontevedra 36080, Spain
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Samayoa LF, Cao A, Santiago R, Malvar RA, Butrón A. Genome-wide association analysis for fumonisin content in maize kernels. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:166. [PMID: 31029090 PMCID: PMC6486958 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant breeding has been proposed as one of the most effective and environmentally safe methods to control fungal infection and to reduce fumonisin accumulation. However, conventional breeding can be hampered by the complex genetic architecture of resistance to fumonisin accumulation and marker-assisted selection is proposed as an efficient alternative. In the current study, GWAS has been performed for the first time for detecting high-resolution QTL for resistance to fumonisin accumulation in maize kernels complementing published GWAS results for Fusarium ear rot. RESULTS Thirty-nine SNPs significantly associated with resistance to fumonisin accumulation in maize kernels were found and clustered into 17 QTL. Novel QTLs for fumonisin content would be at bins 3.02, 5.02, 7.05 and 8.07. Genes with annotated functions probably implicated in resistance to pathogens based on previous studies have been highlighted. CONCLUSIONS Breeding approaches to fix favorable functional variants for genes implicated in maize immune response signaling may be especially useful to reduce kernel contamination with fumonisins without significantly interfering in mycelia development and growth and, consequently, in the beneficial endophytic behavior of Fusarium verticillioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Samayoa
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), Box 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
- Present address at department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - A. Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), Box 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
- Facultad de Biología, Department Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (BVE1-UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG – CSIC, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - R. Santiago
- Facultad de Biología, Department Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (BVE1-UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG – CSIC, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - R. A. Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), Box 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (BVE1-UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG – CSIC, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A. Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), Box 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (BVE1-UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG – CSIC, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
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Septiani P, Lanubile A, Stagnati L, Busconi M, Nelissen H, Pè ME, Dell'Acqua M, Marocco A. Unravelling the genetic basis of Fusarium seedling rot resistance in the MAGIC maize population: novel targets for breeding. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5665. [PMID: 30952942 PMCID: PMC6451006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infection by Fusarium verticillioides is cause of prevalent maize disease leading to substantial reductions in yield and grain quality worldwide. Maize resistance to the fungus may occur at different developmental stages, from seedling to maturity. The breeding of resistant maize genotypes may take advantage of the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for disease resistance already commenced at seedling level. The Multi-parent Advance Generation Intercross (MAGIC) population was used to conduct high-definition QTL mapping for Fusarium seedling rot (FSR) resistance using rolled towel assay. Infection severity level, seedling weight and length were measured on 401 MAGIC maize recombinant inbred lines (RILs). QTL mapping was performed on reconstructed RIL haplotypes. One-fifth of the MAGIC RILs were resistant to FSR and 10 QTL were identified. For FSR, two QTL were detected at 2.8 Mb and 241.8 Mb on chromosome 4, and one QTL at 169.6 Mb on chromosome 5. Transcriptomic and sequencing information generated on the MAGIC founder lines was used to guide the identification of eight candidate genes within the identified FSR QTL. We conclude that the rolled towel assay applied to the MAGIC maize population provides a fast and cost-effective method to identify QTL and candidate genes for early resistance to F. verticillioides in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Popi Septiani
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stagnati
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - Matteo Busconi
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Matteo Dell'Acqua
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Adriano Marocco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy.
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Mu C, Gao J, Zhou Z, Wang Z, Sun X, Zhang X, Dong H, Han Y, Li X, Wu Y, Song Y, Ma P, Dong C, Chen J, Wu J. Genetic analysis of cob resistance to F. verticillioides: another step towards the protection of maize from ear rot. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1049-1059. [PMID: 30535634 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We lay the foundation for further research on maize resistance to Fusarium verticillioides cob rot by identifying a candidate resistance gene. Fusarium verticillioides ear rot is the most common type of maize ear rot in the Huanghuaihai Plain of China. Ear rot resistance includes cob and kernel resistance. Most of the current literature concentrates on kernel resistance, and genetic studies on cob resistance are scarce. We aimed on identifying the QTLs responsible for F. verticillioides cob rot (FCR) resistance. Twenty-eight genes associated with 48 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified (P < 10-4) to correlate with FCR resistance using a whole-genome association study. The major quantitative trait locus, qRcfv2, for FCR resistance was identified on chromosome 2 through linkage mapping and was validated in near-isogenic line populations. Two candidate genes associated with two SNPs were detected in the qRcfv2 region with a lower threshold (P < 10-3). Through real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, one candidate gene was found to have no expression in the cob but the other was expressed in response to F. verticillioides. These results lay a foundation for research on the resistance mechanisms of cob and provide resources for marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Mu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jingyang Gao
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xuecai Zhang
- Global Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo 6-641, 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Huafang Dong
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanan Han
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yabin Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yunxia Song
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Peipei Ma
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chaopei Dong
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiafa Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Czembor E, Waśkiewicz A, Piechota U, Puchta M, Czembor JH, Stȩpień Ł. Differences in Ear Rot Resistance and Fusarium verticillioides-Produced Fumonisin Contamination Between Polish Currently and Historically Used Maize Inbred Lines. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:449. [PMID: 30936854 PMCID: PMC6431649 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Poland is the fifth largest European country, in terms of maize production. Ear rots caused by Fusarium spp. are significant diseases affecting yield and causing grain mycotoxin contamination. Inbred lines, which are commonly used in Polish breeding programs, belong, mostly, to two distinct genetic categories: flint and dent. However, historically used lines belonging to the heterotic Lancaster, IDT and SSS groups were also present in previous Polish breeding programs. In the current study, 98 inbred lines were evaluated across a 2-year-long experiment, after inoculation with F. verticillioides and under natural infection conditions. Lancaster, IDT, SSS and SSS/IDT groups were characterized as the most susceptible ones and flint as the more resistant. Based on the results obtained, the moderately resistant and most susceptible genotypes were defined to determine the content of fumonisins (FBs) in kernel and cob fractions using the HPLC method. Fumonisin's content was higher in the grain samples collected from inoculated plants than in cobs. The association of visible Fusarium symptoms with fumonisin concentration in grain samples was significant. Conversely, the cobs contained more FB1 under natural infection, which may be related to a pathogen's type of growth, infection time or presence of competitive species. Using ddRADseq genome sampling method it was possible to distinguish a basal relationship between moderately resistant and susceptible genotypes. Genetic distance between maize genotypes was high. Moderately resistant inbreed lines, which belong to IDT and IDT/SSS belong to one haplotype. Genotypes which belong to the flint, dent or Lancaster group, and were characterized as moderately resistant were classified separately as the same susceptible one. This research has demonstrated that currently grown Polish inbred lines, as well the ones used in the past are a valid source of resistance to Fusarium ear rot. A strong association was observed between visible Fusarium symptoms with fumonisin concentration in grain samples, suggesting that selection in maize for reduced visible molds should reduce the risk of mycotoxin contamination. NGS techniques provide new tools for overcoming the long selection process and increase the breeding efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Czembor
- Department of Grasses, Legumes and Energy Plants, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - NRI, Radzikow, Blonie, Poland
| | | | - Urszula Piechota
- National Centre for Genetic Resources, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - NRI, Radzikow, Blonie, Poland
| | - Marta Puchta
- National Centre for Genetic Resources, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - NRI, Radzikow, Blonie, Poland
| | - Jerzy H Czembor
- National Centre for Genetic Resources, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - NRI, Radzikow, Blonie, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stȩpień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Stagnati L, Lanubile A, Samayoa LF, Bragalanti M, Giorni P, Busconi M, Holland JB, Marocco A. A Genome Wide Association Study Reveals Markers and Genes Associated with Resistance to Fusarium verticillioides Infection of Seedlings in a Maize Diversity Panel. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2019; 9:571-579. [PMID: 30567831 PMCID: PMC6385986 DOI: 10.1534/g3.118.200916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides infects maize, causing ear rot, yield loss and contamination by fumonisin mycotoxins. The fungus can be transmitted via kernels and cause systemic infection in maize. Maize resistance to the fungus may occur at different developmental stages, from seedling to maturity. Resistance during kernel germination is part of the plant-pathogen interaction and so far this aspect has not been investigated. In the present study, a genome wide association study (GWAS) of resistance to Fusarium during the seedling developmental stage was conducted in a maize diversity panel using 226,446 SNP markers. Seedling germination and disease phenotypes were scored on artificially inoculated kernels using the rolled towel assay. GWAS identified 164 SNPs significantly associated with the traits examined. Four SNPs were associated with disease severity score after inoculation, 153 were associated with severity in asymptomatic kernels and 7 with the difference between the severity ratings in inoculated and non-inoculated seeds. A set of genes containing or physically near the significant SNPs were identified as candidates for Fusarium resistance at the seedling stage. Functional analysis revealed that many of these genes are directly involved in plant defense against pathogens and stress responses, including transcription factors, chitinase, cytochrome P450, and ubiquitination proteins. In addition, 25 genes were found in high linkage disequilibrium with the associated SNPs identified by GWAS and four of them directly involved in disease resistance. These findings contribute to understanding the complex system of maize-F. verticillioides and may improve genomic selection for Fusarium resistance at the seedling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Stagnati
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza (Italy)
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza (Italy)
| | - Luis F Samayoa
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Mario Bragalanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza (Italy)
| | - Paola Giorni
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza (Italy)
| | - Matteo Busconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza (Italy)
| | - James B Holland
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Adriano Marocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza (Italy)
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49
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Morales L, Zila CT, Moreta Mejía DE, Montoya Arbelaez M, Balint-Kurti PJ, Holland JB, Nelson RJ. Diverse Components of Resistance to Fusarium verticillioides Infection and Fumonisin Contamination in Four Maize Recombinant Inbred Families. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E86. [PMID: 30717228 PMCID: PMC6410224 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungus Fusarium verticillioides can infect maize ears, causing Fusarium ear rot (FER) and contaminating the grain with fumonisins (FUM), which are harmful to humans and animals. Breeding for resistance to FER and FUM and post-harvest sorting of grain are two strategies for reducing FUM in the food system. Kernel and cob tissues have been previously associated with differential FER and FUM. Four recombinant inbred line families from the maize nested associated mapping population were grown and inoculated with F. verticillioides across four environments, and we evaluated the kernels for external and internal infection severity as well as FUM contamination. We also employed publicly available phenotypes on innate ear morphology to explore genetic relationships between ear architecture and resistance to FER and FUM. The four families revealed wide variation in external symptomatology at the phenotypic level. Kernel bulk density under inoculation was an accurate indicator of FUM levels. Genotypes with lower kernel density-under both inoculated and uninoculated conditions-and larger cobs were more susceptible to infection and FUM contamination. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) intervals could be classified as putatively resistance-specific and putatively shared for ear and resistance traits. Both types of QTL mapped in this study had substantial overlap with previously reported loci for resistance to FER and FUM. Ear morphology may be a component of resistance to F. verticillioides infection and FUM accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Morales
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Charles T Zila
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
| | | | | | - Peter J Balint-Kurti
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
- Plant Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture⁻Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - James B Holland
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
- Plant Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture⁻Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Rebecca J Nelson
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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50
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Aguado A, Savoie JM, Chéreau S, Ducos C, Aguilar M, Ferrer N, Aguilar M, Pinson-Gadais L, Richard-Forget F. Priming to protect maize from Fusarium verticillioides and its fumonisin accumulation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:64-72. [PMID: 29797333 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic infection through the seed is one of the routes used by the mycotoxinogenic pathogen Fusarium verticillioides for colonizing maize plants. The prohibition of the use of most chemical fungicides by the EU has promoted research on plant resistance inducers as an effective and sustainable alternative. Induction of a priming state in maize seeds might affect their susceptibility to contamination and accumulation of fumonisins. This state by application of a natural fertilizer called Chamae on maize seeds, was investigated in two varieties to control the colonization by the fungus and the accumulation of fumonisins B1 , B2 and B3 , germinating seeds, dead plants and yield. RESULTS After inoculation of F. verticillioides on germinating seeds, the colonization by the fungus and the accumulation of fumonisins were significantly lower in seedlings coming from treated seeds, but a significant number of plants stopped their development by necrosis. In a field trial, the 0.01% (v/v) application dilution showed a lower plant density, although the level of biomass at harvest was not affected. CONCLUSION The priming state contributed to the control of F. verticillioides development from seed infection and fumonisin accumulation in the early stage of plant growth, without affecting the final crop yield, and could reduce fungicide use and environmental contamination. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Aguado
- IFAPA Las Torres Tomejil, Protección Vegetal Sostenible, Carretera Sevilla-Cazalla Km 12.2, Alcalá del Río, Seville, Spain
| | - Jean-Michel Savoie
- MycSA, UR1264, INRA, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, Bordeaux-Aquitaine, France
| | - Sylvain Chéreau
- MycSA, UR1264, INRA, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, Bordeaux-Aquitaine, France
| | - Christine Ducos
- MycSA, UR1264, INRA, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, Bordeaux-Aquitaine, France
| | - María Aguilar
- IFAPA Las Torres Tomejil, Protección Vegetal Sostenible, Carretera Sevilla-Cazalla Km 12.2, Alcalá del Río, Seville, Spain
| | - Nathalie Ferrer
- MycSA, UR1264, INRA, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, Bordeaux-Aquitaine, France
| | - Manuel Aguilar
- IFAPA Las Torres Tomejil, Protección Vegetal Sostenible, Carretera Sevilla-Cazalla Km 12.2, Alcalá del Río, Seville, Spain
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