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Ahmad S, Khan K, Saleh IA, Okla MK, Alaraidh IA, AbdElgawad H, Naeem M, Ahmad N, Fahad S. TALE gene family: identification, evolutionary and expression analysis under various exogenous hormones and waterlogging stress in Cucumis sativus L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:564. [PMID: 38879470 PMCID: PMC11179211 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three Amino acid Loop Extension (TALE) belongs to the homeobox group of genes that are important constituents of plant systems. The TALE gene family is instrumental not only in growth and development but also plays an essential role in regulating plant response to environmental adversaries. RESULTS In the present study, we isolated 21 CsTALE genes from the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genome database. Bioinformatics tools were put in place to understand the structural and functional components of the CsTALE gene family. The evolutionary analysis dissected them into seven subclades (KNOX-I, KNOX-II, and BELL-I to BELL-V). The cis-acting elements in the promoter region of CsTALE genes disclosed that they are key regulators of hormonal and stress-related processes. Additionally, the STRING database advocated the concerting role of CsTALE proteins with other key transcription factors potent in plant developmental biology. The CsmiR319 and CsmiR167a-3p targeting the CsTALE15 and CsTALE16, respectively, further assert the importance of the CsTALE gene family posttranscriptional-related processes. Tissue-specific gene expression unfolded the fundamental involvement of CsTALE genes as they were expressed throughout the developmental stages. Under waterlogging stress, the CsTALE17 expressed significantly higher values in WL, WL-NAA, and WL-ETH but not in WL-MeJA-treated samples. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals the evolution and functions of the CsTALE gene family in cucumber. Our work will provide a platform that will help future researchers address the issue of waterlogging stress in the Yangtze River Delta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheraz Ahmad
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
| | - Khushboo Khan
- Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
| | | | - Mohammad K Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Alaraidh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan.
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Rehman SU, Zhen Y, Ding L, Saleh AA, Zhang Y, Zhang J, He F, Husien HM, Zhou P, Wang M. Integrative Meta-Analysis: Unveiling Genetic Factors in Meat Sheep Growth and Muscular Development through QTL and Transcriptome Studies. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1679. [PMID: 38891726 PMCID: PMC11171046 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate the effects of castration on performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in sheep, as well as explore the expression of key genes related to metabolic pathways and muscle growth following castration. METHODS A meta-analysis approach was utilized to analyze data from multiple studies to compare the performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of castrated sheep (wethers) with intact rams. Additionally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, differential gene expression (DEG) interactions, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were examined to identify molecular mechanisms associated with fat metabolism and muscle development in sheep tails. RESULTS The analysis revealed that castrated sheep (wethers) exhibited improved average daily gain, increased tenderness, lower backfat thickness, and a tendency for greater loin muscle area compared to intact rams. This suggests that castration promotes faster growth and results in leaner carcasses with potentially higher muscle content. Furthermore, the identification of downregulated DEGs like ACLY, SLC27A2, and COL1A1 and upregulated DEGs such as HOXA9, PGM2L1, and ABAT provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying fat deposition and muscle development in sheep. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the practice of castration in sheep production as it enhances growth performance, leads to leaner carcasses with higher muscle content, and improves meat tenderness. The identified changes in gene expression offer valuable insights for further research into understanding the impact of castration on muscle development and fat metabolism in sheep. This meta-analysis contributes to the knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in fat deposition in sheep, opening avenues for future investigations in livestock fat metabolism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Ur Rehman
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.U.R.); (L.D.); (F.H.)
| | - Yongkang Zhen
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.U.R.); (L.D.); (F.H.)
| | - Luoyang Ding
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.U.R.); (L.D.); (F.H.)
| | - Ahmed A. Saleh
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Al-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria City 11865, Egypt
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.U.R.); (L.D.); (F.H.)
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.U.R.); (L.D.); (F.H.)
| | - Feiyang He
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.U.R.); (L.D.); (F.H.)
| | - Hosameldeen Mohamed Husien
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.U.R.); (L.D.); (F.H.)
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.U.R.); (L.D.); (F.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China
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Zhou Y, Wu W, Sun Y, Shen Y, Mao L, Dai Y, Yang B, Liu Z. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals anthocyanin biosynthesis mechanisms in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) leaves under continuous blue light irradiation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:210. [PMID: 38519909 PMCID: PMC10960449 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different metabolic compounds give pepper leaves and fruits their diverse colors. Anthocyanin accumulation is the main cause of the purple color of pepper leaves. The light environment is a critical factor affecting anthocyanin biosynthesis. It is essential that we understand how to use light to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants. RESULT Pepper leaves were significantly blue-purple only in continuous blue light or white light (with a blue light component) irradiation treatments, and the anthocyanin content of pepper leaves increased significantly after continuous blue light irradiation. This green-to-purple phenotype change in pepper leaves was due to the expression of different genes. We found that the anthocyanin synthesis precursor-related genes PAL and 4CL, as well as the structural genes F3H, DFR, ANS, BZ1, and F3'5'H in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway, had high expression under continuous blue light irradiation. Similarly, the expression of transcription factors MYB1R1-like, MYB48, MYB4-like isoform X1, bHLH143-like, and bHLH92-like isoform X3, and circadian rhythm-related genes LHY and COP1, were significantly increased after continuous blue light irradiation. A correlation network analysis revealed that these transcription factors and circadian rhythm-related genes were positively correlated with structural genes in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway. Metabolomic analysis showed that delphinidin-3-O-glucoside and delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside were significantly higher under continuous blue light irradiation relative to other light treatments. We selected 12 genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis in pepper leaves for qRT-PCR analysis, and the accuracy of the RNA-seq results was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that blue light and 24-hour irradiation together induced the expression of key genes and the accumulation of metabolites in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway, thus promoting anthocyanin biosynthesis in pepper leaves. These results provide a basis for future study of the mechanisms of light quality and photoperiod in anthocyanin synthesis and metabolism, and our study may serve as a valuable reference for screening light ratios that regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Weisheng Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yiyu Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Lianzhen Mao
- Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yunhua Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Bozhi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhoubin Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Germplasm Innovation and Breeding New Varieties of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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Bai Y, Ma J, Ma Y, Chang Y, Zhang W, Deng Y, Zhang N, Zhang X, Fan K, Hu X, Wang S, Jiang Z, Hu T. Color components determination and full-length comparative transcriptomic analyses reveal the potential mechanism of carotenoid synthesis during Paphiopedilum armeniacum flowering. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16914. [PMID: 38406281 PMCID: PMC10894592 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Paphiopedilum armeniacum (P. armeniacum), an ornamental plant native to China, is known for its distinctive yellow blossoms. However, the mechanisms underlying P. armeniacum flower coloration remain unclear. Methods We selected P. armeniacum samples from different flowering stages and conducted rigorous physicochemical analyses. The specimens were differentiated based on their chemical properties, specifically their solubilities in polar solvents. This key step enabled us to identify the main metabolite of flower color development of P. armeniacum, and to complete the identification by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) based on the results. Additionally, we employed a combined approach, integrating both third-generation full-length transcriptome sequencing and second-generation high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, to comprehensively explore the molecular components involved. Results We combined physical and chemical analysis with transcriptome sequencing to reveal that carotenoid is the main pigment of P. armeniacum flower color. Extraction colorimetric method and HPLC were used to explore the characteristics of carotenoid accumulation during flowering. We identified 28 differentially expressed carotenoid biosynthesis genes throughout the flowering process, validated their expression through fluorescence quantification, and discovered 19 potential positive regulators involved in carotenoid synthesis. Among these candidates, three RCP2 genes showed a strong potential for governing the PDS and ZDS gene families. In summary, our study elucidates the fundamental mechanisms governing carotenoid synthesis during P. armeniacum flowering, enhancing our understanding of this process and providing a foundation for future research on the molecular mechanisms driving P. armeniacum flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Bai
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiping Ma
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- China Forestry Publishing House, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Ma
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Pingxiang Bamboo Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, China
| | - Yanting Chang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Pingxiang Bamboo Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, China
| | - Yayun Deng
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Keke Fan
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Hu
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Jiang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Hu
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Pingxiang Bamboo Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, China
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Liu H, Zhou H, Ye H, Gen F, Lei M, Li J, Wei W, Liu Z, Hou N, Zhao P. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic dynamic profiles of endopleura coloration during fruit maturation in three walnut cultivars. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:109. [PMID: 38350847 PMCID: PMC10865529 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The color of endopleura is a vital factor in determining the economic value and aesthetics appeal of nut. Walnuts (Juglans) are a key source of edible nuts, high in proteins, amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates. Walnut had a variety endopleura color as yellow, red, and purple. However, the regulation of walnut endopleura color remains little known. RESULTS To understand the process of coloration in endopleura, we performed the integrative analysis of transcriptomes and metabolomes at two developmental stages of walnut endopleura. We obtained total of 4,950 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 794 metabolites from walnut endopleura, which are involved in flavonoid and phenolic biosynthesis pathways. The enrichment analysis revealed that the cinnamic acid, coniferyl alcohol, naringenin, and naringenin-7-O-glucoside were important metabolites in the development process of walnut endopleura. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that the DEGs and differentially regulated metabolites (DRMs) were significantly enriched in flavonoid biosynthesis and phenolic metabolic pathways. Through co-expression analysis, CHS (chalcone synthase), CHI (chalcone isomerase), CCR (cinnamoyl CoA reductase), CAD (cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase), COMT (catechol-Omethyl transferase), and 4CL (4-coumaroyl: CoA-ligase) may be the key genes that potentially regulate walnut endopleura color in flavonoid biosynthesis and phenolic metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study illuminates the metabolic pathways and candidate genes that underlie the endopleura coloration in walnuts, lay the foundation for further study and provides insights into controlling nut's colour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Tabi Rd., Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Huijuan Zhou
- Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Tabi Rd., Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Fangdong Gen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Tabi Rd., Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Mengfan Lei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Tabi Rd., Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jinhan Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Tabi Rd., Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wenjun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Tabi Rd., Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zhanlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Tabi Rd., Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Na Hou
- Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, 55005, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Tabi Rd., Xi'an, 710069, China.
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Ahmad N, Xu Y, Zang F, Li D, Liu Z. The evolutionary trajectories of specialized metabolites towards antiviral defense system in plants. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2024; 4:2. [PMID: 38212862 PMCID: PMC10785382 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-023-00078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Viral infections in plants pose major challenges to agriculture and global food security in the twenty-first century. Plants have evolved a diverse range of specialized metabolites (PSMs) for defenses against pathogens. Although, PSMs-mediated plant-microorganism interactions have been widely discovered, these are mainly confined to plant-bacteria or plant-fungal interactions. PSM-mediated plant-virus interaction, however, is more complicated often due to the additional involvement of virus spreading vectors. Here, we review the major classes of PSMs and their emerging roles involved in antiviral resistances. In addition, evolutionary scenarios for PSM-mediated interactions between plant, virus and virus-transmitting vectors are presented. These advancements in comprehending the biochemical language of PSMs during plant-virus interactions not only lay the foundation for understanding potential co-evolution across life kingdoms, but also open a gateway to the fundamental principles of biological control strategies and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Faheng Zang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEPMS), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Nunes YC, Santos GDO, Machado NM, Otoboni AMMB, Laurindo LF, Bishayee A, Fimognari C, Bishayee A, Barbalho SM. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds and by-products in metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disorders: A systematic review of clinical studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155170. [PMID: 38000103 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The main risk factors are hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and increased serum lipids. The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), also known as the groundnut, goober, pindar, or monkey nut, belongs to the Fabaceae family and is the fourth most cultivated oilseed in the world. The seeds and skin of peanuts possess a rich phytochemical profile composed of antioxidants, such as phenolic acids, stilbenes, flavonoids, and phytosterols. Peanut consumption can provide numerous health benefits, such as anti-obesity, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and hypolipidemic effects. Accordingly, peanuts have the potential to treat CVD and counteract its risk factors. PURPOSE This study aims to critically evaluate the effects of peanuts on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CVD risk factors based on clinical studies. METHOD This review includes studies indexed in MEDLINE-PubMed, COCHRANE, and EMBASE, and the Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines were adhered to. RESULTS Nineteen studies were included and indicated that the consumption of raw peanuts or differing forms of processed foods containing peanut products and phytochemicals could improve metabolic parameters, such as glycemia, insulinemia, glycated hemoglobin, lipids, body mass index, waist circumference, atherogenic indices, and endothelial function. CONCLUSION We propose that this legume and its products be used as a sustainable and low-cost alternative for the prevention and treatment of MetS and CVD. However, further research with larger sample sizes, longer intervention durations, and more diverse populations is needed to understand the full benefit of peanut consumption in MetS and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandra Cervelim Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gian de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathália Mendes Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alda M M B Otoboni
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anusha Bishayee
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zhang K, Qin Y, Sun W, Shi H, Zhao S, He L, Li C, Zhao J, Pan J, Wang G, Han Z, Zhao C, Yang X. Phylogenomic Analysis of Cytochrome P450 Gene Superfamily and Their Association with Flavonoids Biosynthesis in Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1944. [PMID: 37895293 PMCID: PMC10606413 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) constitute extensive enzyme superfamilies in the plants, playing pivotal roles in a multitude of biosynthetic and detoxification pathways essential for growth and development, such as the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. However, CYPs have not yet been systematically studied in the cultivated peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), a globally significant cash crop. This study addresses this knowledge deficit through a comprehensive genome-wide analysis, leading to the identification of 589 AhCYP genes in peanuts. Through phylogenetic analysis, all AhCYPs were systematically classified into 9 clans, 43 gene families. The variability in the number of gene family members suggests specialization in biological functions. Intriguingly, both tandem duplication and fragment duplication events have emerged as pivotal drivers in the evolutionary expansion of the AhCYP superfamily. Ka/Ks analysis underscored the substantial influence of strong purifying selection on the evolution of AhCYPs. Furthermore, we selected 21 genes encoding 8 enzymes associated with the flavonoid pathway. The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments unveiled stage-specific expression patterns during the development of peanut testa, with discernible variations between pink and red testa. Importantly, we identified a direct correlation between gene expression levels and the accumulation of metabolites. These findings offer valuable insights into elucidating the comprehensive functions of AhCYPs and the underlying mechanisms governing the divergent accumulation of flavonoids in testa of different colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China; (K.Z.); (Y.Q.); (J.Z.)
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (J.P.); (G.W.); (C.Z.)
| | - Yongmei Qin
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China; (K.Z.); (Y.Q.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wei Sun
- Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linyi 276003, China;
| | - Hourui Shi
- Shandong Seed Management Station, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Shuzhen Zhao
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (J.P.); (G.W.); (C.Z.)
| | - Liangqiong He
- Cash Crop Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.H.); (Z.H.)
| | - Changsheng Li
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (J.P.); (G.W.); (C.Z.)
| | - Jin Zhao
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China; (K.Z.); (Y.Q.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiaowen Pan
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (J.P.); (G.W.); (C.Z.)
| | - Guanghao Wang
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (J.P.); (G.W.); (C.Z.)
| | - Zhuqiang Han
- Cash Crop Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (L.H.); (Z.H.)
| | - Chuanzhi Zhao
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (J.P.); (G.W.); (C.Z.)
| | - Xiangli Yang
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China; (K.Z.); (Y.Q.); (J.Z.)
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Wang Y, Li Z, Ahmad N, Sheng X, Iqbal B, Naeem M, Wang N, Li F, Yao N, Liu X. Unraveling the functional characterization of a jasmonate-induced flavonoid biosynthetic CYP45082G24 gene in Carthamus tinctorius. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:172. [PMID: 37212893 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01110-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 superfamily of monooxygenases plays a major role in the evolution and diversification of plant natural products. The function of cytochrome P450s in physiological adaptability, secondary metabolism, and xenobiotic detoxification has been studied extensively in numerous plant species. However, their underlying regulatory mechanism in safflower still remained unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the functional role of a putative CtCYP82G24-encoding gene in safflower, which suggests crucial insights into the regulation of methyl jasmonate-induced flavonoid accumulation in transgenic plants. The results showed that methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was associated with a progressive upregulation of CtCYP82G24 expression in safflower among other treatment conditions including light, dark, and polyethylene glycol (PEG). In addition, transgenic plants overexpressing CtCYP82G24 demonstrated increased expression level of other key flavonoid biosynthetic genes, such as AtDFR, AtANS, and AtFLS, and higher content of flavonoid and anthocyanin accumulation when compared with wild-type and mutant plants. Under exogenous MeJA treatment, the CtCYP82G24 transgenic overexpressed lines showed a significant spike in flavonoid and anthocyanin content compared with wild-type and mutant plants. Moreover, the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assay of CtCYP82G24 in safflower leaves exhibited decreased flavonoid and anthocyanin accumulation and reduced expression of key flavonoid biosynthetic genes, suggesting a possible coordination between transcriptional regulation of CtCYP82G24 and flavonoid accumulation. Together, our findings confirmed the likely role of CtCYP82G24 during MeJA-induced flavonoid accumulation in safflower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Sheng
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Babar Iqbal
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Fengwei Li
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Na Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Xiuming Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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