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Yang D, Su J, Chen Y, Chen G. The NF-κB Pathway: Key Players in neurocognitive functions and related disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2024:177038. [PMID: 39369877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common complication of surgical anesthesia, yet its precise etiology remains unclear. Neuroinflammation is a key feature of PND, influenced by both patient -related and surgical variables. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factor family plays a critical role in regulating the body's immunological proinflammatory response, which is pivotal in the development of PND. Surgery and anesthesia trigger the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to the initiation of inflammatory cascades, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and neuronal injury. Immune cells and glial cells are central to these pathological processes in PND. Furthermore, this study explores the interactions between NF-κB and various signaling molecules, including Tlr4, P2X, α7-nAChR, ROS, HIF-1α, PI3K/Ak, MicroRNA, Circular RNA, and histone deacetylases, within the context of PND. Targeting NF-κB as a therapeutic approach for PND shows promise as a potential treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Junwei Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yeru Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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2
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In J, Chen B, Bae H, Kinjo S. Postoperative neurocognitive disorders in ambulatory surgery: a narrative review. Korean J Anesthesiol 2024; 77:493-502. [PMID: 38566313 DOI: 10.4097/kja.23952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PoNCDs), such as postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction or decline can occur after surgery, especially in older patients. This significantly affects patient morbidity and surgical outcomes. Among various risk factors, recent studies have shown that preoperative frailty is associated with developing these conditions. Although the mechanisms underlying PoNCDs remain unclear, neuroinflammation appears to play an important role in their development. For the prevention and treatment of PoNCDs, medication modification, a balanced diet, and prehabilitation and rehabilitation programs have been suggested. The risk of developing PoNCDs is thought to be lower in ambulatory patients. However, owing to technological advancements, an increasing number of older and sicker patients are undergoing more complex surgeries and are often not closely monitored after discharge. Therefore, equal attention should be paid to all patient populations. This article presents an overview of PoNCDs and highlights issues of particular interest for ambulatory surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyong In
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Brian Chen
- Rosalind Franklin University Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hansu Bae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sakura Kinjo
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Ramlan AAW, Madjid AS, Hanindito E, Mangunatmaja I, Ibrahim N. Possible role of high calcium concentrations in rat neocortical neurons in inducing hyper excitatory behavior during emergence from sevoflurane: a proposed pathophysiology. Med Gas Res 2024; 14:115-120. [PMID: 39073339 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.385942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane has been shown to increase the incidence of emergence delirium in children; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Sevoflurane increases cytoplasmic calcium concentration which in turn may play a role in emergence delirium. This study aimed to investigate the level of intracellular calcium in rats experiencing hyperexcitatory behavior after exposure to sevoflurane, as well as the role of magnesium in preventing this phenomenon. After ethical approval, 2-5-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 34) were insufflated with sevoflurane in a modified anesthesia chamber. One group received magnesium sulphate intraperitoneally. After termination of sevoflurane exposure, the occurrence of hyperexcitation was observed. Brain tissue samples from the rats were studied for intracellular calcium levels under a two-channel laser scanning confocal microscope and were quantitatively calculated using ratiometric calculation. The presence of inflammation or oxidative stress reaction was assessed using nuclear factor κB and malondialdehyde. The incidence of hyperexcitatory behavior post sevoflurane exposure was 9 in 16 rats in the observation group and none in the magnesium group. Tests for inflammation and oxidative stress were within normal limits in both groups. The rats showing hyperexcitation had a higher level of cytosol calcium concentration compared to the other groups. To conclude, the calcium concentration of neocortical neurons in Sprague-Dawley rats with hyperexcitatory behavior is increased after exposure to sevoflurane. Administration of magnesium sulphate can prevent the occurrence of hyperexcitation in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Ade Wijaya Ramlan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Amir S Madjid
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elizeus Hanindito
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Irawan Mangunatmaja
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nurhadi Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Yao J, Gao Z, Qu W, Li J. Propofol total intravenous anesthesia vs. sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia: Effects on post‑operative cognitive dysfunction and inflammation in geriatric patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:343. [PMID: 39006459 PMCID: PMC11240872 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Propofol total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) or sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia (IA) affects post-operative cognitive dysfunction in geriatric patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery; however, relevant real-world clinical evidence on the matter is limited. The present study aimed to compare the effects of propofol TIVA and sevoflurane IA on post-operative cognitive dysfunction in the aforementioned type of patients. The present prospective study enrolled 197 geriatric patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Patients were assigned to the propofol TIVA group (n=97) and sevoflurane IA group (n=100) according to the actual anesthesia regimens. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score was assessed before surgery and on day (D)1, D3 and D7 following surgery in both groups. The MMSE score on D1 was higher in the TIVA group compared with the IA group (P=0.006). The change in the MMSE scores from before surgery to D1 (P<0.001), D3 (P=0.011) and D7 (P=0.003) was smaller in the TIVA group vs. the IA group. Multivariate linear regression analyses suggested that the anesthesia method of TIVA (vs. IA) was independently related to the increased MMSE score on D1 (b=0.803; P=0.001) and D7 (b=0.472; P=0.025). The levels of interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α on D1, D3 and D7 exhibited a slightly decreasing trend in the TIVA group vs. the IA group, although the difference was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Notably, the levels of IL-17A before surgery (P=0.015), on D3 (P=0.016) and D7 (P=0.002), as well as those of IL-6 on D1 (P=0.027), were negatively associated with the MMSE score at the corresponding time points. Overall, the present study demonstrates that propofol TIVA ameliorates post-operative cognitive dysfunction on D1 compared with sevoflurane IA and exerts a potentially suppressive effect on inflammation in geriatric patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoyue Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Wa Qu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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Heydari F, Nasiri M, Haroabadi A, Fahanik Babaei J, Pestehei SK. Efficacy of melatonin in alleviating disorders arising from repeated exposure to sevoflurane in males and females of the Wistar rats during preadolescence. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11889. [PMID: 38789558 PMCID: PMC11126601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatricians use sevoflurane due to its fast action and short recovery time. However, studies have shown that repeated exposure to anesthesia can affect learning and memory. Melatonin, an indole-type neuroendocrine hormone, has significant anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Melatonin's impact on cognitive behavior in sevoflurane-anesthetized males and females of the Wistar rats during preadolescence was examined in this research. The cognitive function was evaluated by shuttle box and morris water maze tests, while interleukin-10, Catalase (CAT), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated using ELISA kits. The expression levels of the apoptosis-linked proteins, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, were determined using the western blotting technique. The learning and memory latencies of the rats were more significant in the sevoflurane groups than in the control group; however, the latencies were significantly shorter in the sevoflurane and melatonin groups than in the control group. The levels of MDA, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3 were significantly higher in the sevoflurane groups than in the control group. We also found that the levels of CAT and Bcl-2 were significantly reduced in the sevoflurane groups compared to the control group. Increasing levels of CAT, Bcl-2, and decreasing levels of MDA, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3 in response to melatonin indicate a possible contribution to the recovery from the sevoflurane impairment. Melatonin shows neuroprotective effects in male and female rats with sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. This suggests melatonin could be a valuable treatment for learning and memory deficits resulting from repeated exposure to sevoflurane, possibly by controlling apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Heydari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Nasiri
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Haroabadi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Fahanik Babaei
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Khalil Pestehei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yang Y, Hang W, Li J, Liu T, Hu Y, Fang F, Yan D, McQuillan PM, Wang M, Hu Z. Effect of General Anesthetic Agents on Microglia. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1308-1328. [PMID: 37962460 PMCID: PMC11081156 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of general anesthetic agents (GAAs) on microglia and their potential neurotoxicity have attracted the attention of neuroscientists. Microglia play important roles in the inflammatory process and in neuromodulation of the central nervous system. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a key mechanism of neurocognitive dysfunction during the perioperative period. Microglial activation by GAAs induces anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects in microglia, suggesting that GAAs play a dual role in the mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Understanding of the mechanisms by which GAAs regulate microglia may help to reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse effects. Here, we review the actions of GAAs on microglia and the consequent changes in microglial function. We summarize clinical and animal studies associating microglia with general anesthesia and describe how GAAs interact with neurons via microglia to further explore the mechanisms of action of GAAs in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wenxin Hang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yuhan Hu
- Cell Biology Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Fuquan Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dandan Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Patrick M. McQuillan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Li JQ, Shi YH, Min-Xu, Shi CX, Teng-Wang, Wang TH, Zuo ZF, Liu XZ. Discovery of astragaloside IV against high glucose-induced apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells: Bioinformatics and in vitro studies. Gene 2024; 905:148219. [PMID: 38286267 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the therapeutic mechanism of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in the management of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury induced by high glucose (HG), a comprehensive approach involving the integration of network pharmacology and conducting in vitro and in vivo experiments was utilized. METHODS A rat model of diabetic retinopathy (DR) injury was created by administering streptozotocin through intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, a model of RGC injury induced by HG was established using a glucose concentration of 0.3 mmol/mL. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were captured 8 weeks after the injection of AS-IV. AS-IV and FBS were added to the culture medium and incubated for 48 h. The viability of cells was assessed using a CCK-8 assay, while the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using DCFH-DA. Apoptosis was evaluated using Annexin V-PI. To identify the targets of AS-IV, hyperglycemia, and RGC, publicly available databases were utilized. The Metascape platform was employed for conducting GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The STRING database in conjunction with Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used to determine common targets of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and to identify the top 10 core target proteins in the RGC based on the MCC algorithm. qRT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of the top10 core target proteins in RGCs. RESULTS OCT detection indicated that the thickness of the outer nucleus, and inner and outer accessory layers of the retina increased in the AS-IV treated retina compared to that in the DM group but decreased compared to that in the CON group. Coculturing RGC cells with AS-IV after HG induction resulted in a significant increase in cell viability and a decrease in ROS and apoptosis, suggesting that AS-IV can reduce damage to RGC cells caused by high glucose levels by inhibiting oxidative stress. There were 14 potential targets of AS-IV in the treatment of RGC damage induced by high glucose levels. The top 10 core target proteins identified by the MCC algorithm were HIF1α, AKT1, CTNNB1, SMAD2, IL6, SMAD3, IL1β, PPARG, TGFβ1, and NOTCH3. qRT-PCR analysis showed that AS-IV could upregulate the mRNA expression levels of SMAD3, TGF-β1, and NOTCH3, and downregulate the mRNA expression levels of HIF1α, AKT1, CTNNB1, SMAD2, SMAD3, and IL-1β in high glucose-induced RGC cells. CONCLUSION The findings of this study validate the efficacy of astragaloside IV in the treatment of DR and shed light on the molecular network involved. Specifically, HIF1α, AKT1, CTNNB1, SMAD2, SMAD3, and IL-1β were identified as the crucial candidate molecules responsible for the protective effects of astragaloside IV on RGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Ya-Hui Shi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Min-Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Cai-Xing Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Teng-Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 121000, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Zhong-Fu Zuo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China.
| | - Xue-Zheng Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China.
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Li L, Liu H, Yu J, Sun Z, Jiang M, Yu H, Wang C. Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolomics Reveal the Role of Auricularia delicate in Regulating Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:5011. [PMID: 38068869 PMCID: PMC10708550 DOI: 10.3390/nu15235011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The edible fungus Auricularia delicate (ADe) is commonly employed in traditional medicine for intestinal disorders; however, its inhibitory effect on colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) and the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. (2) Methods: The inhibitory effect of ADe on CAC was investigated using a mouse model induced by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium. RESULTS ADe effectively suppressed the growth and number of intestinal tumors in mice. Intestinal microbiota analyses revealed that ADe treatment increased Akkermansia and Parabacteroides while it decreased Clostridium, Turicibacter, Oscillospira, and Desulfovibrio. ADe regulated the levels of 2'-deoxyridine, creatinine, 1-palmitoyl lysophosphatidylcholine, and choline in serum. Furthermore, the levels of these metabolites were associated with the abundance of Oscillospira and Paraacteroides. ADe up-regulated the free fatty acid receptor 2 and β-Arrestin 2, inhibited the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, and significantly attenuated the levels of inflammatory cytokines, thereby mitigating the inflammatory in CAC mice. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of ADe in CAC mice is associated with the regulation of intestinal microbiota, which leads to the inhibition of NF-kB pathway and regulation of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhou Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (Z.S.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Honghan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Jinqi Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhen Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (Z.S.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Ming Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang 157011, China;
| | - Han Yu
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (Z.S.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
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Lok HC, Katzeff JS, Hodges JR, Piguet O, Fu Y, Halliday GM, Kim WS. Elevated GRO-α and IL-18 in serum and brain implicate the NLRP3 inflammasome in frontotemporal dementia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8942. [PMID: 37268663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a heterogeneous group of proteinopathies characterized by the progressive degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes. It is marked by microglial activation and subsequent cytokine release. Although cytokine levels in FTD brain and CSF have been examined, the number of cytokines measured in each study is limited and knowledge on cytokine concentrations in FTD serum is scarce. Here, we assessed 48 cytokines in FTD serum and brain. The aim was to determine common cytokine dysregulation pathways in serum and brain in FTD. Blood samples and brain tissue samples from the superior frontal cortex (SFC) were collected from individuals diagnosed with behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) and healthy controls, and 48 cytokines were measured using a multiplex immunological assay. The data were evaluated by principal component factor analysis to determine the contribution from different components of the variance in the cohort. Levels of a number of cytokines were altered in serum and SFC in bvFTD compared to controls, with increases in GRO-α and IL-18 in both serum and SFC. These changes could be associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation or the NFκB pathway, which activates NLRP3. The results suggest the possible importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in FTD. An improved understanding of the role of inflammasomes in FTD could provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu Chuen Lok
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jared S Katzeff
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Hodges
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - YuHong Fu
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Woojin Scott Kim
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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10
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Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Moringa olifera Ethanolic Extract Lessens Acrylamide-Induced Testicular Damage, Apoptosis, and Steroidogenesis-Related Gene Dysregulation in Adult Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020361. [PMID: 36829920 PMCID: PMC9952201 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the possible protective role of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using Moringa olifera leaf extract (MO-ZNPs) in acrylamide (ACR)-induced reproductive dysfunctions in male rats. ACR (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and/or MO-ZNPs (10 mg/kg b.wt/day) were given orally by gastric gavage for 60 days. Then, sperm parameters; testicular enzymes; oxidative stress markers; reproductive hormones including testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH)-estradiol, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentration; testis histology; steroidogenesis-related gene expression; and apoptotic markers were examined. The findings revealed that MO-ZNPs significantly ameliorated the ACR-induced decline in the gonadosomatic index and altered the pituitary-gonadal axis, reflected by decreased serum testosterone and FSH with increased estradiol and LH, and sperm analysis disruption. Furthermore, a notable restoration of the tissue content of antioxidants (catalase and reduced glutathione) but depletion of malondialdehyde was evident in MO-ZNPs+ACR-treated rats compared to ACR-exposed ones. In addition, MO-ZNPs oral dosing markedly rescued the histopathological changes and apoptotic caspase-3 reactions in the testis resulting from ACR exposure. Furthermore, in MO-ZNPs+ACR-treated rats, ACR-induced downregulation of testicular steroidogenesis genes and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immune-expression were reversed. Conclusively, MO-ZNPs protected male rats from ACR-induced reproductive toxicity by suppressing oxidative injury and apoptosis while boosting steroidogenesis and sex hormones.
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11
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Prolonged anesthesia induces neuroinflammation and complement-mediated microglial synaptic elimination involved in neurocognitive dysfunction and anxiety-like behaviors. BMC Med 2023; 21:7. [PMID: 36600274 PMCID: PMC9814183 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) with a high incidence frequently occur in elderly surgical patients closely associated with prolonged anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity. The neuromorphopathological underpinnings of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity have remained elusive. METHODS Prolonged anesthesia with sevoflurane was used to establish the sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity (SIN) animal model. Morris water maze, elevated plus maze, and open field test were employed to track SIN rats' cognitive behavior and anxiety-like behaviors. We investigated the neuropathological basis of SIN through techniques such as transcriptomic, electrophysiology, molecular biology, scanning electron microscope, Golgi staining, TUNEL assay, and morphological analysis. Our work further clarifies the pathological mechanism of SIN by depleting microglia, inhibiting neuroinflammation, and C1q neutralization. RESULTS This study shows that prolonged anesthesia triggers activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, neuroinflammation, inhibition of neuronal excitability, cognitive dysfunction, and anxiety-like behaviors. RNA sequencing found that genes of different types of synapses were downregulated after prolonged anesthesia. Microglial migration, activation, and phagocytosis were enhanced. Microglial morphological alterations were also observed. C1qa, the initiator of the complement cascade, and C3 were increased, and C1qa tagging synapses were also elevated. Then, we found that the "Eat Me" complement pathway mediated microglial synaptic engulfment in the hippocampus after prolonged anesthesia. Afterward, synapses were remarkably lost in the hippocampus. Furthermore, dendritic spines were reduced, and their genes were also downregulated. Depleting microglia ameliorated the activation of neuroinflammation and complement and rescued synaptic loss, cognitive dysfunction, and anxiety-like behaviors. When neuroinflammatory inhibition or C1q neutralization occurred, complement was also decreased, and synaptic elimination was interrupted. CONCLUSIONS These findings illustrated that prolonged anesthesia triggered neuroinflammation and complement-mediated microglial synaptic engulfment that pathologically caused synaptic elimination in SIN. We have demonstrated the neuromorphopathological underpinnings of SIN, which have direct therapeutic relevance for PND patients.
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12
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Zhang M, Yin Y. Dual roles of anesthetics in postoperative cognitive dysfunction: Regulation of microglial activation through inflammatory signaling pathways. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1102312. [PMID: 36776829 PMCID: PMC9911670 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1102312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent clinical entity following surgery and is characterized by declined neurocognitive function. Neuroinflammation mediated by microglia is the essential mechanism of POCD. Anesthetics are thought to be a major contributor to the development of POCD, as they promote microglial activation and induce neuroinflammation. However, this claim remains controversial. Anesthetics can exert both anti- and pro-inflammatory effects by modulating microglial activation, suggesting that anesthetics may play dual roles in the pathogenesis of POCD. Here, we review the mechanisms by which the commonly used anesthetics regulate microglial activation via inflammatory signaling pathways, showing both anti- and pro-inflammatory properties of anesthetics, and indicating how perioperative administration of anesthetics might either relieve or worsen POCD development. The potential for anesthetics to enhance cognitive performance based on their anti-inflammatory properties is further discussed, emphasizing that the beneficial effects of anesthetics vary depending on dose, exposure time, and patients' characteristics. To minimize the incidence of POCD, we recommend considering these factors to select appropriate anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiqing Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
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13
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Shen Q, Jiang Y, Jia X, Zhou X, Zhou QH. Amelioratory Effect of Melatonin on Cognition Dysfunction Induced by Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Aged Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2022; 21:e133971. [PMID: 36896324 PMCID: PMC9990511 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-133971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) can be described as a clinical phenomenon characterized by cognitive impairment in patients, particularly elderly patients, after anesthesia and surgery. Researchers have focused on the probable effect of general anesthesia drugs on cognitive functioning status in older adults. Melatonin is an indole-type neuroendocrine hormone with broad biological activity and potent anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects. This study investigated the effects of melatonin on cognitive behavior in aged mice anesthetized with sevoflurane. In addition, melatonin's molecular mechanism was determined. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of melatonin against sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity. Methods A total of 94 aged C57BL/6J mice were categorized into different groups, namely control (control + melatonin (10 mg/kg)), sevoflurane (sevoflurane + melatonin (10 mg/kg)), sevoflurane + melatonin (10 mg/kg) + phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) inhibitor LY294002 (30 mg/kg), and sevoflurane + melatonin (10 mg/kg) + mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor (10 mg/kg). The open field and Morris water maze tests were utilized to assess the neuroprotective effects of melatonin on sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged mice. The expression levels of the apoptosis-linked proteins, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain's hippocampus region were determined using the Western blotting technique. The apoptosis of the hippocampal neurons was observed using the hematoxylin and eosin staining technique. Results Neurological deficits in aged, sevoflurane-exposed mice were significantly decreased after melatonin treatment. Mechanistically, melatonin treatment restored sevoflurane-induced down-regulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR expression and significantly attenuated sevoflurane-induced apoptotic cells and neuroinflammation. Conclusions The findings of this study have highlighted the neuroprotective effect of melatonin on sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment via regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which might be effective in the clinical treatment of elderly patients with anesthesia-induced POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yanyu Jiang
- Department of Anesthesia Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xuyan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qing-he Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- Corresponding Author: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
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14
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Zhou Y, Yu K. Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells and their corresponding cytokines are associated with anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment in elderly gastric cancer patients. Front Surg 2022; 9:996680. [PMID: 36386524 PMCID: PMC9640774 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.996680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective T helper (Th) cells modulate the stress response, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation to mediate anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. This study intended to explore the association between Th cells and anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment in elderly gastric cancer patients. Methods Totally, 176 elderly gastric cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Peripheral blood samples were collected. Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells were detected by flow cytometry; their corresponding cytokines were examined by ELISA. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were assessed. Results In total, 42.0%, 33.0%, and 19.9% of elderly gastric cancer patients presented anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment, respectively. Th1 (P = 0.016), Th17 (P = 0.009), and IL-17A (P = 0.001) were positively associated with the HADS-A score. Th17 (P = 0.003) and IL-17A (P = 0.009) levels were increased in patients with anxiety compared with those without anxiety. Concurrently, a positive association was observed for Th1 (P = 0.027), Th17 (P = 0.014), and IFN-γ (P = 0.049) with the HADS-D score. Th1 (P = 0.017) and Th17 (P = 0.049) levels were increased in patients with depression than in those without depression. Moreover, Th1 (P = 0.003), Th17 (P < 0.001), IFN-γ (P = 0.014), and IL-17A (P < 0.001) were inversely related to MMSE scores, but only Th17 (P < 0.001) and IL-17A (P < 0.001) were increased in patients with cognitive impairment compared with those without cognitive impairment. Conclusion Th1 and Th17 cells reflect anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment risk to a certain extent in elderly gastric cancer patients, implying their involvement in the pathology of the abovementioned psychological and cognitive issues. However, further validation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhou
- Nursing Department, Chenzhou First People’s Hospital of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, China
| | - Ke Yu
- Operation Room, Changsha Hospital for Maternal / Child Health Care Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Correspondence: Ke Yu
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15
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An J, Li H, Xia D, Xu B, Wang J, Qiu H, He J. The role of interleukin-17 in epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2022; 186:107001. [PMID: 35994860 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.107001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that seriously affects human health. It is a chronic central nervous system dysfunction caused by abnormal discharges of neurons. About 50 million patients worldwide are affected by epilepsy. Although epileptic symptoms of most patients are controllable, some patients with refractory epilepsy have no response to antiseizure medications. It is necessary to investigate the pathogenesis of epilepsy and identify new therapeutic targets for refractory epilepsy. Epileptic disorders often accompany cerebral inflammatory reactions. Recently, the role of inflammation in the onset of epilepsy has increasingly attracted attention. The activation of both innate and adaptive immunity plays a significant role in refractory epilepsy. According to several clinical studies, interleukin-17, an essential inflammatory mediator linking innate and adaptive immunity, increased significantly in the body liquid and epileptic focus of patients with epilepsy. Experimental studies also indicated that interleukin-17 participated in epileptogenesis through various mechanisms. This review summarized the current studies about interleukin-17 in epilepsy and aimed at finding new therapeutic targets for refractory epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin An
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China.
| | - He Li
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Demeng Xia
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China; Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bin Xu
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiayan Wang
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Huahui Qiu
- Zhoushan Hospital, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiaojiang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
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16
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Yin C, Gao M, Yu J, Guo J, Xian X, Hou Z, Wang Q. IL-17A deletion reduces sevoflurane-induced neurocognitive impairment in neonatal mice by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14562-14577. [PMID: 35758051 PMCID: PMC9342424 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2090608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of IL-17A in sevoflurane-inducedneurocognitive impairment in neonatal mice. Seventy-two wild-type (WT) and 42 IL-17A knockout (KO) neonatal mice were randomly divided into WT (n = 36), IL-17A−/− (n = 6), sevoflurane (Sev, n = 36), and IL-17A−/− + sevoflurane (IL-17A−/− + Sev, n = 36) groups. The latter two groups were given 3% sevoflurane for 2 h per day on postnatal days (P) 6–8. Behavioral experiments were performed on P30–36. At P37, RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR of the hippocampus was performed, neurons were detected by Nissl staining, and neuropathological changes were evaluated by HE staining. NF-κB pathway-related proteins were evaluated by western blot and immunofluorescence analyses, IL-1β and IL-6 levels were assessed by ELISA. RNA sequencing identified 131 differentially expressed genes, highlighting several enriched biological processes (chemokine activity, immune response, extracellular region, extracellular space, inflammatory response) and signaling pathways (IL-17 signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, ECM–receptor interaction and influenza A). Repeated sevoflurane exposures induced long-term cognitive impairment in WT mice. The cognitive impairment was comparatively less severe in IL-17A KO mice. In addition, the increased levels of NF-κB p65, iNOS, COX-2, IL-17A, IL-6 and IL-1β, reduced neuronal numbers and neuropathological changes were ameliorated in neonatal mice in the IL-17A−/− + Sev group compared with neonatal mice in Sev group. IL-17A deletion protects against long-term cognitive impairment induced by repeated sevoflurane exposure in neonatal mice. The underlying mechanism may relate to inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway as well as the reducing neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Children's Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chunping Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mingyang Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiaxu Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Junfei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Xian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiujun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Salas-Venegas V, Flores-Torres RP, Rodríguez-Cortés YM, Rodríguez-Retana D, Ramírez-Carreto RJ, Concepción-Carrillo LE, Pérez-Flores LJ, Alarcón-Aguilar A, López-Díazguerrero NE, Gómez-González B, Chavarría A, Konigsberg M. The Obese Brain: Mechanisms of Systemic and Local Inflammation, and Interventions to Reverse the Cognitive Deficit. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:798995. [PMID: 35422689 PMCID: PMC9002268 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.798995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are now considered a worldwide pandemic and a growing public health problem with severe economic and social consequences. Adipose tissue is an organ with neuroimmune-endocrine functions, which participates in homeostasis. So, adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia induce a state of chronic inflammation that causes changes in the brain and induce neuroinflammation. Studies with obese animal models and obese patients have shown a relationship between diet and cognitive decline, especially working memory and learning deficiencies. Here we analyze how obesity-related peripheral inflammation can affect central nervous system physiology, generating neuroinflammation. Given that the blood-brain barrier is an interface between the periphery and the central nervous system, its altered physiology in obesity may mediate the consequences on various cognitive processes. Finally, several interventions, and the use of natural compounds and exercise to prevent the adverse effects of obesity in the brain are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Salas-Venegas
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa Pamela Flores-Torres
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yesica María Rodríguez-Cortés
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Retana
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Jair Ramírez-Carreto
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Edgar Concepción-Carrillo
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Josefina Pérez-Flores
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Alarcón-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Edith López-Díazguerrero
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Gómez-González
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mina Konigsberg
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Mina Konigsberg,
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Chen X, Zheng X, Cai J, Yang X, Lin Y, Wu M, Deng X, Peng YG. Effect of Anesthetics on Functional Connectivity of Developing Brain. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:853816. [PMID: 35360283 PMCID: PMC8963106 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.853816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential anesthetic neurotoxicity on the neonate is an important focus of research investigation in the field of pediatric anesthesiology. It is essential to understand how these anesthetics may affect the development and growth of neonatal immature and vulnerable brains. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has suggested that using anesthetics result in reduced functional connectivity may consider as core sequence for the neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative changes in the developed brain. Anesthetics either directly impact the primary structures and functions of the brain or indirectly alter the hemodynamic parameters that contribute to cerebral blood flow (CBF) in neonatal patients. We hypothesis that anesthetic agents may either decrease the brain functional connectivity in neonatal patients or animals, which was observed by fMRI. This review will summarize the effect and mechanism of anesthesia on the rapid growth and development infant and neonate brain with fMRI through functional connectivity. It is possible to provide the new mechanism of neuronal injury induced by anesthetics and objective imaging evidence in animal developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Zheng
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianghui Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonghong Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengjun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Mengjun Wu,
| | - Xiaofan Deng
- Center of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong G. Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Xu L, Guo Y, Wang G, Sun G, Sun W, Li J, Li X, Wu J, Zhang M. Inhibition of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Plays a Role in Sevoflurane-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Aged Mice Through Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/Tyrosine Receptor Kinase B and Neurotrophin-3/Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase C Pathways. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:782932. [PMID: 35309893 PMCID: PMC8931760 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.782932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane anesthesia induces cognitive impairment, which may lead to perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). However, the factors and molecular mechanism underlying this impairment remains unclear. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus has been implicated in cognitive processes. Nonetheless, the direct role of AHN in sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment has never been demonstrated. In this study, we explored the age and the concentration factors and the role of AHN inhibition in sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in sevoflurane inhalation model mice. We found that 3% sevoflurane exposure induced significant cognitive impairment and inhibition of AHN in aged mice but not adult mice. Expression of BDNF/TrkB and NT-3/TrkC was also decreased by 3% sevoflurane exposure in aged mice. Hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) microinjection could partially improve the sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment and AHN inhibition, respectively. These results demonstrate that the cognitive impairment caused by sevoflurane inhalation is related to patient age and sevoflurane concentration. In conclusion, the molecular mechanism of cognitive impairment in the elderly is related to the inhibition of AHN through the BDNF/TrkB and NT-3/TrkC pathways. Thus, sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia may be safe for adult patients, but caution should be exercised when administering it to the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichi Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanjing Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Gongming Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqing Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinlei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangnan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Mengyuan Zhang,
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20
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Pang QY, Duan LP, Jiang Y, Liu HL. Effects of inhalation and propofol anaesthesia on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly noncardiac surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27668. [PMID: 34713863 PMCID: PMC8556046 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a very common event in elderly noncardiac surgical patients. The effects of inhalational anaesthetics and propofol on the incidence of POCD and postoperative cognitive status at different time points after surgery are currently unclear. METHODS We searched the Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), in which inhalation anaesthesia and propofol anaesthesia were compared. The incidence of POCD or postoperative cognitive status was assessed in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. RESULTS Fifteen RCTs with 1854 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The incidence of POCD on postoperative Days 2-6 after propofol anaesthesia was markedly lower than that after inhalation anaesthesia (risk ratio (RR): 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15-0.88, P = .025), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores after propofol anaesthesia were substantially higher than those after inhalation anaesthesia (standard mean difference (SMD): 0.59, 95% CI: 0.07-1.11, P = .026). The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were much lower after propofol anaesthesia than after inhalation anaesthesia (SMD: -2.027, 95% CI: -3.748- -0.307, P = .021; SMD: -0.68, 95% CI: -0.93- -0.43, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The moderate evidence from this meta-analysis shows that, in elderly noncardiac surgical patients, propofol anaesthesia is superior to inhalation anaesthesia for attenuating of early POCD incidence, and low-level evidence shows that cognitive status is higher and systemic inflammation is less severe after propofol anaesthesia in the early days after surgery. LIMITATIONS The sample size was not sufficiently large for systemic inflammation, and the tools to identify POCD were not uniform in the included studies.
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21
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Ge X, Zuo Y, Xie J, Li X, Li Y, Thirupathi A, Yu P, Gao G, Zhou C, Chang Y, Shi Z. A new mechanism of POCD caused by sevoflurane in mice: cognitive impairment induced by cross-dysfunction of iron and glucose metabolism. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22375-22389. [PMID: 34547719 PMCID: PMC8507282 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sevoflurane (Sev) is a commonly used anesthetic in hospitals that can cause neurotoxicity. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common clinical problem induced by some anesthetics. However, the exact mechanism of neurotoxicity induced by Sev is unclear. Here we studied a new mechanism of POCD induced by Sev. We treated 15-month-old mice with 2% Sev for 6 hours, and we had found that Sev causes POCD. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), we found that the transporter and the metabolism of carbohydrates and inorganic ions were involved in the cognitive impairment induced by Sev. Using synchrotron radiation micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF), we showed that Sev caused the iron overload in the brain of 15-month-old mice. Subsequently, excessive iron led to oxidative stress and impaired mitochondrial function that further led to glucose metabolism disorder and reduced ATP production by regulating the expression of key enzyme genes or proteins including G6Pase, Pck1, and Cs. Meanwhile, Sev also inhibited the oxygen consumption rate and glucose absorption by downregulating the expression of glucose transporter 1 in cerebral vascular endothelial cells. The cross-dysfunction of iron and glucose metabolism caused the apoptosis in the cortex and hippocampus through Bcl2/Bax pathway. In conclusion, the data here showed a new mechanism that Sev caused apoptosis by cross-dysregulation of iron and glucose metabolism and induced energy stress in mice. Maintaining iron and glucose metabolism homeostasis may play an important role in cognitive impairment induced by Sev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Ge
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yong Zuo
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jinhong Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xincheng Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Anand Thirupathi
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Guofen Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Changhao Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanzhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhenhua Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
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22
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Saber TM, Arisha AH, Abo-Elmaaty AMA, Abdelgawad FE, Metwally MMM, Saber T, Mansour MF. Thymol alleviates imidacloprid-induced testicular toxicity by modulating oxidative stress and expression of steroidogenesis and apoptosis-related genes in adult male rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112435. [PMID: 34171690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present work was designed to assess the potential ameliorative effect of thymol on the testicular toxicity caused by imidacloprid (IMI) in adult male rats. Forty adult male rats were allocated into four groups; control group was given corn oil, thymol-treated group (30 mg/kg b.wt), IMI-treated group (22.5 mg/kg b.wt), and IMI + thymol-treated group. All administrations were done by gavage every day for duration of 56 days. As a result, the IMI exposure caused a significant decline in the body weight change, reproductive organ weights, sperm functional parameters, and serum level of testosterone, widespread histological alterations, and apoptosis in the testis. Additionally, the IMI-treated rats exhibited a remarkable increment in the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. Also, IMI induced testicular oxidative stress, as indicated by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a marked decline in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels. Moreover, IMI treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of steroidogenic genes and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoexpression in the testicular tissue. However, thymol co-administration significantly mitigated the IMI-induced toxic effects. Our findings suggested that IMI acts as a male reproductive toxicant in rats and thymol could be a potential therapeutic option for IMI reprotoxic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghred M Saber
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Azza M A Abo-Elmaaty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Fathy Elsayed Abdelgawad
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, KSA
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Taisir Saber
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Fouad Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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23
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Huang X, Ying J, Yang D, Fang P, Wang X, Zhou B, Zhang L, Fang Y, Yu W, Liu X, Zhen Q, Hua F. The Mechanisms of Sevoflurane-Induced Neuroinflammation. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:717745. [PMID: 34421578 PMCID: PMC8375153 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.717745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane is one of the most commonly used inhaled anesthetics due to its low blood gas coefficient, fast onset, low airway irritation, and aromatic smell. However, recent studies have reported that sevoflurane exposure may have deleterious effects on cognitive function. Although neuroinflammation was most widely mentioned among the established mechanisms of sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction, its upstream mechanisms have yet to be illustrated. Thus, we reviewed the relevant literature and discussed the most mentioned mechanisms, including the modulation of the microglial function, blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, changes in gut microbiota, and ease of cholinergic neurotransmission to help us understand the properties of sevoflurane, providing us new perspectives for the prevention of sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Danying Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Pu Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xifeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Lieliang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingcui Zhen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
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24
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Yan XZ, Lai L, Ao Q, Tian XH, Zhang YH. Interleukin-17A in Alzheimer's disease: recent advances and controversies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:372-383. [PMID: 34429057 PMCID: PMC9413786 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210823110004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that mainly affects older adults. Although the global burden of AD is increasing year by year, the causes of AD remain largely unknown. Numerous basic and clinical studies have shown that interleukin-17A (IL-17A) may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD. A comprehensive assessment of the role of IL-17A in AD would benefit the diagnosis, understanding of etiology and treatment. However, over the past decade, controversies remain regarding the expression level and role of IL-17A in AD. We have incorporated newly published researches and point out that IL-17A expression levels may vary along with the development of AD, exercising different roles at different stages of AD, although much more work remains to be done to support the potential role of IL-17A in AD-related pathology. Here, it is our intention to review the underlying mechanisms of IL-17A in AD and address the current controversies in an effort to clarify the results of existing research and suggest future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Zhu Yan
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Avenue, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122. China
| | - Laijun Lai
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. 0
| | - Qiang Ao
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Tian
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Avenue, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122. China
| | - Yan-Hui Zhang
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Avenue, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122. China
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25
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Chen A, Tan B, Cheng Y. P300 Inhibition Improves Cell Apoptosis and Cognition Impairment Induced by Sevoflurane Through Regulating IL-17A Activation. World Neurosurg 2021; 154:e566-e571. [PMID: 34314911 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sevoflurane (Sev) is a rapidly acting, potent inhalation anesthetic with rapid uptake and elimination. But many studies have shown that Sev could result in cognition dysfunction in adolescent or aging patients. Now, therapeutic targeting with IL-17A antibody has shown a promising effect on Sev-induced cognition impairment. In the study we report that P300 inhibition could act as an alternative approach to decrease IL-17A activity. METHODS SHSY5Y cells were treated with Sev and cell apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The expression of P300 and IL-17A were assessed by Western blotting. Water maze tests were conducted in order to assess the cognitive function. RESULTS We found that P300 and IL-17A were activated in SHSY5Y cells treated with Sev. P300 inhibitor C646 could reduce the apoptosis induced by Sev through decreasing IL-17A avtivity. Furthermore, IL-17A expression was upregulated after neurons were transfected with P300 expression plasmid and IL-17A expression was downregulated after neurons were incubated with P300 inhibitor C646. P300 overexpression could upregulate the promoter activity of IL-17A. Finally, in a rat model treated with Sev, we also found C646 to significantly improve the cognition impairment through the IL-17A pathway. CONCLUSIONS These data show that P300 will potentially be a new drug target for the therapy of cognition impairment caused by Sev.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Binbin Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yifeng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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26
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Wang CM, Chen WC, Zhang Y, Lin S, He HF. Update on the Mechanism and Treatment of Sevoflurane-Induced Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:702231. [PMID: 34305576 PMCID: PMC8296910 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.702231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane is one of the most widely used anesthetics for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in surgical patients. Sevoflurane treatment may increase the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), and patients with POCD exhibit lower cognitive abilities than before the operation. POCD affects the lives of patients and places an additional burden on patients and their families. Understanding the mechanism of sevoflurane-induced POCD may improve prevention and treatment of POCD. In this paper, we review the diagnosis of POCD, introduce animal models of POCD in clinical research, analyze the possible mechanisms of sevoflurane-induced POCD, and summarize advances in treatment for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Mei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Wei-Can Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - He-Fan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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27
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Wu W, Peng Y, Zhou J, Zhang X, Cao L, Lin WJ, Lu Y, Wen J, Wang Z. Identification of the Potential Gene Regulatory Networks and Therapeutics in Aged Mice With Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorder. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:689188. [PMID: 34248489 PMCID: PMC8264595 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.689188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is one of the most common postoperative neurological complications in aged patients, characterized by mental disorder, anxiety, personality changes, and impaired memory. At present, the molecular mechanism of PND remains largely unclear, and the ideal biomarker for clinical diagnosis and prognosis are lacking. Circular RNA (circRNA) and microRNA (miRNA), as unique non-coding RNAs, affecting the regulation of miRNAs on genes and further intervening in the progression of diseases through the sponge action between the two. Besides, it could be served as novel biomarkers in various diseases. In order to detect the differential expression profiles of genes caused by PND, a total of 26 18-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to control group and PND group. Behavioral tests showed that mice in the PND group had impaired cognitive function compared with the control group. Three mice in each group were randomly selected to harvest the brain for analysis the expressions of circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in the prefrontal cortex by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Differentially expressed genes, including 1192 circRNAs, 27 miRNAs, and 266 mRNAs were identified, and its accuracy was further confirmed by qRT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis results suggested that neuroinflammation was the main pathological mechanism of PND. The construction of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks and the identification of hub genes provided possible therapeutic targets for PND. Cinnarizine and Clemastine were predicted to have the potential therapeutic effects on PND. This is the first study to explore the differential expression profiles of genes and their regulation mechanisms in PND, our results provided new clues and targets for the treatment of this refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongpai Peng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jye Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Tian SX, Cheng W, Lu JJ, Zhou FM, Ding ZS, Zhu BQ. Role of Militarine in PM 2.5-Induced BV-2 Cell Damage. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1423-1434. [PMID: 33675461 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of studies have shown that air fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is closely associated with neuroinflammation in humans. Militarine, a glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalate compound isolated from Bletilla striata, has been found to exert significant neuroprotective effects. However, the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of militarine on PM2.5-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells have not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of militarine against PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity and its mechanism in BV-2 microglial cells. Our results revealed that pretreatment with 0.31-1.25 μg/mL militarine reversed the morphological changes caused by PM2.5 and decreased proinflammatory cytokine generation and gene expression in PM2.5-treated BV-2 cells. In particular, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 expression was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, militarine markedly inhibited the upregulation of Toll-like receptor 4, Toll-like receptor 2, and cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and reduced NF-κB pathway-associated protein expression. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that militarine suppressed NF-κB activity through inhibiting p65 nuclear translocation. Our data suggested that militarine alleviated neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglial cells, possibly by inhibiting the expression of neuroinflammatory cytokines through the TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, militarine significantly reduced PM2.5-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell apoptosis and restored the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; ΔΨm). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that militarine played a protective role against PM2.5-induced damage in BV-2 cells by exerting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xin Tian
- College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jing-Jing Lu
- College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Fang-Mei Zhou
- College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zhi-Shan Ding
- College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Bing-Qi Zhu
- College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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29
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Chen H, Zhang Y, Li S, Tao Y, Gao R, Xu W, Yang Y, Cheng K, Wang Y, Qin L. The Association Between Genetically Predicted Systemic Inflammatory Regulators and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:731569. [PMID: 34646235 PMCID: PMC8503255 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.731569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic diseases among women of reproductive age. Inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS, but its exact relationship with PCOS remains unclear. Herein, we investigate the causal association between systemic inflammatory regulators and PCOS risk through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach based on the latest and largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 41 systemic inflammatory regulators in 8293 Finnish participants and a GWAS meta-analysis consisting of 10,074 PCOS cases and 103,164 controls of European ancestry. Our results suggest that higher levels of IL-17 and SDF1a, as well as lower levels of SCGFb and IL-4, are associated with an increased risk of PCOS (OR = 1.794, 95% CI = 1.150 - 2.801, P = 0.010; OR = 1.563, 95% CI = 1.055 - 2.315, P = 0.026; OR = 0.838, 95% CI = 0.712 - 0.986, P = 0.034; and OR = 0.637, 95% CI = 0.413 - 0.983, P = 0.042, respectively). In addition, genetically predicted PCOS is related to increased levels of IL-2 and VEGF (OR = 1.257, 95% CI = 1.022 - 1.546, P = 0.030 and OR = 1.112, 95% CI = 1.006 - 1.229, P = 0.038, respectively). Our results indicate the essential role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Further studies are warranted to assess the possibility of these biomarkers as targets for PCOS prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Chen
- Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shangwei Li
- Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanzhi Tao
- Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong (SCU–CUHK) Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yihong Yang
- Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kemin Cheng
- Outpatient Department, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lang Qin, ; Yan Wang,
| | - Lang Qin
- Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lang Qin, ; Yan Wang,
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Yu X, Xie Y. Effect of dexmedetomidine combined with etomidate on IL-17A and S-100β expression levels in rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:275. [PMID: 33200000 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with etomidate on the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-17A and S-100β in rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). A total of 50 SD rats were randomly allocated into the control group, model group, etomidate group (Eto group), dexmedetomidine group (Dex group) and dexmedetomidine combined with etomidate group (Dex-Eto group). Inhalation anesthesia was used in all five groups. Apart from the control group, partial lobectomy was performed to construct a rat model of cognitive dysfunction. The rats of the model group received no intravenous anesthesia, except general anesthesia with intubation. Morris water maze test was performed before injection (T0), at the 1st day (T1), the 3rd day (T2) and the 5th day (T3) after operation to assess the memory ability of the rats. At the end of T3, the expression levels of IL-17A, S-100β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in serum were detected by ELISA and the expression of NF-κB p65 by western blot analysis. Compared with the control group, the model group showed an increased escape latency and swimming distance, decreased number of times of crossing the platform and target quadrant residence time, and increased expression levels of IL-17A, S-100β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and NF-κB p65. Compared with the model group, the escape latency and swimming distance in the Dex, Eto and Dex-Eto groups were reduced, whereas the number of times of crossing the platform and the target quadrant residence time were increased. In addition, the expression levels of IL-17A, S-100β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and NF-κB p65 were decreased in the Dex, Eto and Dex-Eto groups, compared with the model group. Among the Dex, Eto and Dex-Eto groups, the escape latency and swimming distance in the Dex-Eto group were the shortest, the number of times of crossing the platform and the target quadrant residence time were the highest, and IL-17A, S-100β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and NF-κB p65 expression levels were the lowest. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine combined with etomidate can effectively improve POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yunfang Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Untangling anaesthesia and amyloid. Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:232-235. [PMID: 32690248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Song H, Xun S, He H, Duan C, Li Q. Compound Porcine Cerebroside and Ganglioside Injection (CPCGI) Attenuates Sevoflurane-Induced Nerve Cell Injury by Regulating the Phosphorylation of p38 MAP Kinase (p38MAPK)/Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919600. [PMID: 32114591 PMCID: PMC7065510 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compound porcine cerebroside and ganglioside injection (CPCGI) has been widely applied in clinical practice in China to treat functional confusion caused by brain diseases. Sevoflurane, a frequently-used inhalational anesthetic, was discovered to have neurotoxicity that can cause neurological damage in patients. The present study was performed to investigate the protective effect of CPCGI on sevoflurane-induced nerve damage and to reveal the neuroprotective mechanisms of CPCGI. Material/Methods Firstly, the hippocampal neurons were separated from Sprague-Dawley embryonic rats, and were stimulated by 3% sevoflurane for different times (0, 2, 4, and 6 h). Then, cell viability and cell apoptosis were assessed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry (FCM), respectively. Western blot analysis was used to determine the apoptosis-related protein expression levels. Results The results demonstrated that 3% sevoflurane significantly inhibited cell viability but induced cell apoptosis in neurons in a time-dependent manner. Treatment with 3% sevoflurane also promoted the Bax [B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2)-associated X protein] and cleaved caspase3 protein expressions, and suppressed Bcl-2 and pro-caspase3 expressions in hippocampal neurons. In addition, phosphorylated (p)-p38 and p-p65 expression and the ratio of p-p38/p38 and p-p65/p65 were upregulated in a time-dependent manner after 3% sevoflurane treatment. Further analysis indicated that all the effects of 3% sevoflurane on hippocampal neurons were reversed by CPCGI pre-treatment. Conclusions We demonstrated the neuroprotective role of CPCGI in sevoflurane-stimulated neuronal cell damage via regulation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shining Xun
- Department of First Anesthesiology and Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Huali He
- Department of First Anesthesiology and Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Chongzhen Duan
- Department of First Anesthesiology and Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
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Liu C, Zha X, Liu H, Wei F, Zhang F. Ampelopsin alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction by mediating NF-κB pathway in aged rats. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:361-369. [PMID: 31902108 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-019-00897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is the pain caused by bone metastasis from malignant tumors, and the largest source of pain for cancer patients. miR-300 is an important miRNA in cancer. It has been shown that miR-300 regulates tumorigenesis of various tumors. PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the role of miR-300 in CIBP and its underlying molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. METHODS We constructed CIBP model in rats and investigated the mechanism through which miR-300 affects CIBP. We first examined expression level of miR-300 in CIBP rats and then tested the effect of its overexpression. Next, we identified the target of miR-300 using TargetScan analysis and double luciferase assay. Finally, we studied genetic interactions between miR-300 and its target and their roles in CIBP. RESULTS We found that miR-300 was downregulated in CIBP rats. Overexpression of miR-300 significantly attenuated cancer-induced neuropathic pain (p < 0.01). Furthermore, TargetScan analysis and double luciferase assay show High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a target of miR-300. Notably, HMGB1 is overexpressed in CIBP rats, while up-regulation of miR-300 significantly suppresses expression of HMGB1 (p < 0.01). Moreover, knockdown of HMGB1 by siRNA significantly relieves cancer-induced neuropathic pain in rats (p < 0.01). On the other hand, HMGB1 overexpression partially blocked the effect of miR-300 on cancer-induced nerve pain. CONCLUSION miR-300 relieves cancer-induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting HMGB1 expression. These results may be beneficial for the treatment of CIBP in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gaoyou Hospital Affiliated Soochow University, Gaoyou People's Hospital, No. 116 Fuqian Street, Gaoyou City, Yangzhou City, 225600, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Zha
- Thyroid Center, Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Haihua Liu
- Department of Neurology, Gaoyou Hospital Affiliated Soochow University, Gaoyou People's Hospital, Gaoyou City, 225600, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Radiology, Gaoyou Hospital Affiliated Soochow University, Gaoyou People's Hospital, Gaoyou City, 225600, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gaoyou Hospital Affiliated Soochow University, Gaoyou People's Hospital, No. 116 Fuqian Street, Gaoyou City, Yangzhou City, 225600, Jiangsu Province, China
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Khamis T, Abdelalim AF, Abdallah SH, Saeed AA, Edress NM, Arisha AH. Early intervention with breast milk mesenchymal stem cells attenuates the development of diabetic-induced testicular dysfunction via hypothalamic Kisspeptin/Kiss1r-GnRH/GnIH system in male rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yang F, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Shan Y, Wu X, Liu H. Hemin treatment protects neonatal rats from sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Life Sci 2019; 242:117151. [PMID: 31843526 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Anaesthesia-related neurotoxicity in the developing brain is a controversial issue that has recently attracted much attention. Hemin plays a protective role in hypoxic and ischemic brain damage; however, its effects on sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity remain unclear. Our aim was to investigate the mechanisms of sevoflurane neurotoxicity and potential neuroprotective roles of hemin upon sevoflurane exposure. MAIN METHODS Hippocampi were harvested 18 h after sevoflurane exposure. Haem oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4 (DLG4), phosphorylated Akt, Akt, cleaved caspase 3, and neuroglobin were detected by western blotting. A water maze test was used to assess learning and memory ability in P30 rats. KEY FINDINGS Sevoflurane inhalation increased cleaved caspase 3 levels. Hemin treatment enhanced the antioxidant defence response, protecting rats from oxidative stress injury. Hemin plays its neuroprotective role via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling. A single inhalation of sevoflurane did not affect DLG4 expression, while hemin treatment did. Platform crossing increased in rats treated with hemin as well, which may be related to increased DLG4. Neuroglobin expression was not affected, suggesting that it may act upstream of PI3K/Akt signalling. SIGNIFICANCE Our study demonstrates that hemin plays a protective role in anaesthesia-induced neurotoxicity by both inhibiting apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway and increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, reducing oxidative damage. The results provide mechanistic insight into the effects of sevoflurane anaesthesia on the developing brain and suggest that hemin could help avoid these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyin Tang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yangyang Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Wu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Peng S, Li P, Liu P, Yan H, Wang J, Lu W, Liu C, Zhou Y. Cistanches alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction by regulating PPAR-γ-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1345-1359. [PMID: 31802591 PMCID: PMC6991648 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of cistanche on sevoflurane‐induced aged cognitive dysfunction rat model. Aged (24 months) male SD rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control group, sevoflurane group, control + cistanche and sevoflurane + cistanche group. Subsequently, inflammatory cytokine levels were measured by ELISA, and the cognitive dysfunction of rats was evaluated by water maze test, open‐field test and the fear conditioning test. Three days following anaesthesia, the rats were killed and hippocampus was harvested for the analysis of relative biomolecules. The oxidative stress level was indicated as nitrite and MDA concentration, along with the SOD and CAT activity. Finally, PPAR‐γ antagonist was used to explore the mechanism of cistanche in vivo. The results showed that after inhaling the sevoflurane, 24‐ but not 3‐month‐old male SD rats developed obvious cognitive impairments in the behaviour test 3 days after anaesthesia. Intraperitoneal injection of cistanche at the dose of 50 mg/kg for 3 consecutive days before anaesthesia alleviated the sevoflurane‐induced elevation of neuroinflammation levels and significantly attenuated the hippocampus‐dependent memory impairments in 24‐month‐old rats. Cistanche also reduced the oxidative stress by decreasing nitrite and MDA while increasing the SOD and CAT activity. Moreover, such treatment also inhibited the activation of microglia. In addition, we demonstrated that PPAR‐γ inhibition conversely alleviated cistanche‐induced protective effect. Taken together, we demonstrated that cistanche can exert antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐apoptosis and anti‐activation of microglia effects on the development of sevoflurane‐induced cognitive dysfunction by activating PPAR‐γ signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengyi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Red Cross Cancer Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peirong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhu Yan
- Department of Pathology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
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Hardeland R. Aging, Melatonin, and the Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051223. [PMID: 30862067 PMCID: PMC6429360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and various age-related diseases are associated with reductions in melatonin secretion, proinflammatory changes in the immune system, a deteriorating circadian system, and reductions in sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) activity. In non-tumor cells, several effects of melatonin are abolished by inhibiting SIRT1, indicating mediation by SIRT1. Melatonin is, in addition to its circadian and antioxidant roles, an immune stimulatory agent. However, it can act as either a pro- or anti-inflammatory regulator in a context-dependent way. Melatonin can stimulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators, but also, under different conditions, it can suppress inflammation-promoting processes such as NO release, activation of cyclooxygenase-2, inflammasome NLRP3, gasdermin D, toll-like receptor-4 and mTOR signaling, and cytokine release by SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype), and amyloid-β toxicity. It also activates processes in an anti-inflammatory network, in which SIRT1 activation, upregulation of Nrf2 and downregulation of NF-κB, and release of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 are involved. A perhaps crucial action may be the promotion of macrophage or microglia polarization in favor of the anti-inflammatory phenotype M2. In addition, many factors of the pro- and anti-inflammatory networks are subject to regulation by microRNAs that either target mRNAs of the respective factors or upregulate them by targeting mRNAs of their inhibitor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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Islam MT. Antipyretic effect of phytol, possibly via 5KIR-dependent COX-2 inhibition pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:857-862. [PMID: 30778877 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study is aimed at the evaluation of antipyretic effect of PHY in yeast-induced hyperthermia rats. Additionally, possible mechanism of antipyretic action of PHY has been also studied by molecular docking study. METHODS Adult male Wistar albino rats were treated with PHY at 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg in 0.05% Tween-80 dissolved in 0.9% NaCl solution. PHY was also given at 200 mg/kg with ibuprofen (IBU) 12.5 mg/kg (p.o.) or paracetamol (PARA) 100 mg/kg (p.o.) to see the combined effect of PHY in animals. In silico study of PHY was performed against cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (COX-1 and -2) proteins. RESULTS PHY exhibited the antipyretic effect in febrile rats in a dose and time dependent manner. PHY 200 mg/kg co-treated with IBU12.5 or PARA100 exhibited greater antipyretic effect than the PHY or NSAIDs individual groups. Data from the computational study reveal that 5KIR of COX-2 is the most efficient receptor protein to which PHY interacts. CONCLUSION PHY attributed an antipyretic effect, possibly via 5KIR-dependent COX-2 inhibition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. .,Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
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