1
|
Soh JGS, Mukhopadhyay A, Mohankumar B, Quek SC, Tai BC. Predictors of frequency of 1-year readmission in adult patients with diabetes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22389. [PMID: 38104137 PMCID: PMC10725424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the third most common chronic condition associated with frequent hospital readmissions. Predictors of the number of readmissions within 1 year among patients with DM are less often studied compared with those of 30-day readmission. This study aims to identify predictors of number of readmissions within 1 year amongst adult patients with DM and compare different count regression models with respect to model fit. Data from 2008 to 2015 were extracted from the electronic medical records of the National University Hospital, Singapore. Inpatients aged ≥ 18 years at the time of index admission with a hospital stay > 24 h and survived until discharge were included. The zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model was fitted and compared with three other count models (Poisson, zero-inflated Poisson and negative binomial) in terms of predicted probabilities, misclassification proportions and model fit. Adjusted for other variables in the model, the expected number of readmissions was 1.42 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07 to 1.90) for peripheral vascular disease, 1.60 (95% CI 1.34 to 1.92) for renal disease and 2.37 (95% CI 1.67 to 3.35) for Singapore residency. Number of emergency visits, number of drugs and age were other significant predictors, with length of stay fitted as a zero-inflated component. Model comparisons suggested that ZINB provides better prediction than the other three count models. The ZINB model identified five patient characteristics and two comorbidities associated with number of readmissions. It outperformed other count regression models but should be validated before clinical adoption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jade Gek Sang Soh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Amartya Mukhopadhyay
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Medical Affairs, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Swee Chye Quek
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bee Choo Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shi Y, Zhao Y, Li H, Liu H, Wang L, Liu J, Chen H, Yang B, Shan H, Yuan S, Gao W, Wang G, Han C. Association between exposure to ambient PM 2.5 and the health status in the mobile population from 338 cities in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:63716-63726. [PMID: 37058237 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
There are limited studies investigating the relationship between exposure to PM2.5 and the health status among the mobile population. A cross-sectional analysis was performed in a nationally representative sample (2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey data) consisting of 169,469 mobile population. The ordered logistic regression model was used to examine the association between PM2.5 and the health status in mobile population. Stratified analyses were performed to identify whether the association varied across gender, age group, and regions in China. Overall, every 10 μg/m3 increment in annual average PM2.5 was associated with increased risk of poor self-reported health (OR = 1.021, 95% CI: 1.012-1.030). Mobile population aged 31-49 years and living in the central region suffers the highest PM2.5-associated health risk (OR = 1.030, 95% CI: 1.019-1.042; OR = 1.095, 95% CI: 1.075-1.116). Our study suggests that PM2.5 exposure was associated with an increased risk of poor self-reported health in mobile population, particularly among the population aged 31-49 years and people living in the central region of China. Policymakers should pay more attention to the vulnerable mobile population to tackle the health burden of ambient air pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Shi
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yang Zhao
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongyu Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Haiyun Liu
- Department of Medicine, Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, 264199, PR China
| | - Luyang Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Junyan Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Haotian Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Baoshun Yang
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Haifeng Shan
- Zibo Mental Health Center, Zibo, 255100, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shijia Yuan
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wenhui Gao
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chunlei Han
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh SK, Chauhan K, Puri P. Chronic non-communicable disease burden among reproductive-age women in India: evidence from recent demographic and health survey. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:20. [PMID: 36650531 PMCID: PMC9843940 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic disease burden among women leads to various detrimental consequences, impacting women's health throughout their life course and off-springs. The present study explores the chronic disease profile among reproductive-aged women and analyzes the effects of various covariates on multimorbidity among reproductive-aged women in India. Here, multimorbidity is defined as an individual suffering from two or more chronic conditions. METHODS The present study employed the most recent National Family Health Survey round, 2019-2021. The study utilized information on 695,707 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years. The study used descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable ordered logistic regression analysis to explore the burden of chronic non-communicable diseases and multimorbidity. RESULTS The mean age of women with single chronic condition-related morbidity is 30 years, whereas it was 35 years for those with multimorbidity. Approximately 28% of urban women suffered from multimorbidity. Further, significant factors that affect multimorbidity include age, educational attainment, working status, marital status, parity, menopause, religion, region, wealth index, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and dietary patterns. CONCLUSIONS The present study hints that women in the reproductive age group are at very high risk of developing multimorbidity in India. Most of the programs and policies are focused on the elderly population in terms of awareness and facilitating them with better health services. However, right now, one should also prioritize the emerging chronic condition related to chronic conditions other than hypertension, diabetes, and cancer among the study population, which is escalating as soon as women reach 30 years of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shri Kant Singh
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
| | - Kirti Chauhan
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
| | - Parul Puri
- grid.419349.20000 0001 0613 2600Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Bagherzadeh S, Torabinezhad F, Mahdavi SM, Fadavi P, Salmanian S. Binary logistic regression modeling of voice impairment and voice assessment in iranian patients with nonlaryngeal head-and-neck cancers after chemoradiation therapy: Objective and subjective voice evaluation. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SIGNALS & SENSORS 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_143_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
|
5
|
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis in Determining Factors Associated with Socioeconomic Status of Household in Tepi Town, Southwest Ethiopia. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:2415692. [PMID: 35153626 PMCID: PMC8831068 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2415692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Socioeconomic status (SES) refers to an individual's or group's social position or class, which is often determined by a combination of education, income, and occupation. Knowing factors that affect the SES of the society might help to take action and improve their economy. In addition, using an ordinal logistic regression model for ordered SES outcomes will yield suitable results and conclusions. This study aimed to utilize an ordinal logistic regression model to find the factors associated with SES for households in Tepi town, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods The community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Tepi town, southwest Ethiopia, with data collected from 382 households using a simple random sample technique. The ordinal logistic regression models were evaluated and contrasted for proper accounting of ordinal form. In addition, to come up with a better model, we compared fitted ordinal logistic models with the likelihood-ratio test and AIC criteria. We performed data analysis using STATA version 16. Results Of all 382 household heads, 170 (45.5%), 120 (31.4%), and 92 (24.1%) were at low, medium, and high SES of households, respectively. According to the result of the multivariable, partial proportional odds model (PPOM), age, education level, family size, and the saving habit were significantly associated with the SES of households at a 5% level of significance. Conclusions According to the findings of this study, ordinal regression may be a better option in the event of the ordinal form of the outcome. Furthermore, PPOM may be a preferable option if any of the covariates violate the proportionality requirement. Based on the result of this study, the most likely associated indicators with the SES of families in Tepi town, southwest Ethiopia, were family size, age, saving habit, and education level. It is recommended that action should be taken to improve the SES of households.
Collapse
|
6
|
An C, Oh HC, Chang JH, Oh SJ, Lee JM, Han CH, Kim SW. Development and validation of a prognostic model for early triage of patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21923. [PMID: 34754036 PMCID: PMC8578640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a tool to guide decision-making for early triage of COVID-19 patients based on a predicted prognosis, using a Korean national cohort of 5,596 patients, and validated the developed tool with an external cohort of 445 patients treated in a single institution. Predictors chosen for our model were older age, male sex, subjective fever, dyspnea, altered consciousness, temperature ≥ 37.5 °C, heart rate ≥ 100 bpm, systolic blood pressure ≥ 160 mmHg, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, cancer, dementia, anemia, leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia. In the external validation, when age, sex, symptoms, and underlying disease were used as predictors, the AUC used as an evaluation metric for our model's performance was 0.850 in predicting whether a patient will require at least oxygen therapy and 0.833 in predicting whether a patient will need critical care or die from COVID-19. The AUCs improved to 0.871 and 0.864, respectively, when additional information on vital signs and blood test results were also used. In contrast, the protocols currently recommended in Korea showed AUCs less than 0.75. An application for calculating the prognostic score in COVID-19 patients based on the results of this study is presented on our website ( https://nhimc.shinyapps.io/ih-psc/ ), where the results of the validation ongoing in our institution are periodically updated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chansik An
- Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.,Department of Radiology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyun Cheol Oh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
| | - Jung Hyun Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Oh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jung Mo Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Han
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seong Woo Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhan L, Li J, Jew B, Sul JH. Rare variants in the endocytic pathway are associated with Alzheimer's disease, its related phenotypes, and functional consequences. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009772. [PMID: 34516545 PMCID: PMC8460036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the most common type of dementia causing irreversible brain damage to the elderly and presents a major public health challenge. Clinical research and genome-wide association studies have suggested a potential contribution of the endocytic pathway to AD, with an emphasis on common loci. However, the contribution of rare variants in this pathway to AD has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we focused on the effect of rare variants on AD by first applying a rare-variant gene-set burden analysis using genes in the endocytic pathway on over 3,000 individuals with European ancestry from three large whole-genome sequencing (WGS) studies. We identified significant associations of rare-variant burden within the endocytic pathway with AD, which were successfully replicated in independent datasets. We further demonstrated that this endocytic rare-variant enrichment is associated with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and age-related phenotypes, increasing the risk of obtaining severer brain damage, earlier age-at-onset, and earlier age-of-death. Next, by aggregating rare variants within each gene, we sought to identify single endocytic genes associated with AD and NFTs. Careful examination using NFTs revealed one significantly associated gene, ANKRD13D. To identify functional associations, we integrated bulk RNA-Seq data from over 600 brain tissues and found two endocytic expression genes (eGenes), HLA-A and SLC26A7, that displayed significant influences on their gene expressions. Differential expressions between AD patients and controls of these three identified genes were further examined by incorporating scRNA-Seq data from 48 post-mortem brain samples and demonstrated distinct expression patterns across cell types. Taken together, our results demonstrated strong rare-variant effect in the endocytic pathway on AD risk and progression and functional effect of gene expression alteration in both bulk and single-cell resolution, which may bring more insight and serve as valuable resources for future AD genetic studies, clinical research, and therapeutic targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Zhan
- Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jiajin Li
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Brandon Jew
- Interdepartmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jae Hoon Sul
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Prevalence and underlying factors of mobile game addiction among university students in Bangladesh. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2021; 8:e35. [PMID: 34567581 PMCID: PMC8444268 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2021.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the youth are more engaging with their more advanced smartphones having high-quality graphics and gaming features. However, existing literature depicts that adolescents suffer from several forms of psychological problems including mental health, depression, loneliness, insomnia and low self-control due to mobile game addiction. Therefore, this study aims to find the prevalence and motivating factors for mobile game addiction among university students of Bangladesh. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out to collect the required information from 1125 students of three universities in Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics, χ2 test and ordinal regression model are employed to meet the objective of this study. RESULTS The findings reveal that male students are more likely to show addictive behaviours than their counterparts in the context of mobile game addiction. The results depict that loneliness, duration of using smartphones and playing mobile games, and source of entertainment are the main cause of mobile addiction. Also, more than half of the respondents (54.3%) are severely addicted to mobile games who were influenced by friends and YouTube gamers to play games. Moreover, students are suffering from several physical problems such as headaches, eye discomfort, blurry vision and ear discomfort. CONCLUSION Considering the findings of this paper, the authors suggest that the authorities should consider this immediately and arrange a positive entertainment environment to prevent students from mobile games. Furthermore, it is necessary to encourage students to participate in sports or other extracurricular activities that may be helpful to lessen mobile game addiction among students in Bangladesh.
Collapse
|