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Yaghi N, El Hayeck R, Boulos C, Abifadel M, Yaghi C. Effect of Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Cognitive Status in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3911. [PMID: 37764695 PMCID: PMC10537047 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modifiable factors associated with cognitive decline (CD) require more attention, particularly dietary patterns. This study aimed to investigate the link between cognitive decline and associated factors, particularly dietary patterns (DPs), in community-dwelling older Lebanese of modest economic status. Our cross-sectional national study included 352 participants above 60 years old, from the medico-social centers of the ministry of social affairs all over the country. CD was screened based on literacy. Nutritional and dietary data were collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. DPs were extracted by the K-mean cluster analysis. CD was found in 32.7% and 61.5% of literate and illiterate groups, respectively. Identified DPs included a Westernized type and Mediterranean type, with high and moderate food intakes. In the context of literacy, independent factors associated with CD were age above 80 years, living in Beirut, frailty, and adopting a Westernized (OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.22-7.8) and a high-intake Mediterranean DP (OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.05-4.22). In the context of illiteracy, the same factors were associated with CD, but not DP nor frailty, with an age cut-off at 78 years. In a Lebanese sample of older adults, factors associated with CD depend on the level of literacy, with DP only associated with CD in the context of literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Yaghi
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | - Rita El Hayeck
- Department of Geriatrics, Working Group on Dementia at Saint Joseph University (GTD-USJ), Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | - Christa Boulos
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | - Marianne Abifadel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pôle Technologie-Santé, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1004 2020, Lebanon
| | - César Yaghi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
- Hôtel-Dieu de France of Beirut University Hospital, Beirut P.O. Box 166830, Lebanon
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Daou T, Abi Kharma J, Daccache A, Bassil M, Naja F, Rahi B. Association between Lebanese Mediterranean Diet and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Lebanese Older Adults-A Preliminary Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153084. [PMID: 35956260 PMCID: PMC9370448 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Discrepancies in the characteristics of the food components of a Mediterranean diet exist based on the country of origin. In Lebanon, a traditional Mediterranean diet emphasizes the high intakes of fruits (including dried), vegetables, burghol, and dairy products. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between adherence to the Lebanese Mediterranean diet (LMD) and frailty among older adults in Lebanon. A total of 112 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were recruited. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected through face-to-face interviews. A 61-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to collect dietary intake data, and adherence to LMD was calculated. Physical frailty was defined by the presence of three out of the five criterion: weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slowness, and low activity. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between LMD adherence and frailty while adjusting for several confounders. The participants’ mean age was 73 ± 12.8 and 65% were females. Sixteen (14.3%) individuals were identified as frail. Frail individuals were significantly older (p = 0.001), depressed (p < 0.001), at risk of cognitive impairment (p = 0.006), and reported polypharmacy (p = 0.003). No significant association was found between LMD adherence and frailty in fully adjusted models (OR = 0.195; 95% CI: 0.033−1.154; p = 0.071 when categorical and OR = 0.856; 95% CI: 0.668−1.097; p = 0.218 when continuous). We also performed additional analyses with a modified frailty index where house chores were not considered as part of leisure activities of the physical activity criterion. The results showed that a higher LMD adherence was associated with a significantly decreased frailty prevalence (OR = 0.123, 95% CI: 0.022−0.676, p = 0.016 when categorical and OR = 0.773, 95% CI 0.608−0.983, p = 0.036). Larger, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the relationship between the adherence to the Lebanese Mediterranean diet and frailty in Lebanese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Daou
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon; (T.D.); (J.A.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Joelle Abi Kharma
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon; (T.D.); (J.A.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Alexandra Daccache
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon; (T.D.); (J.A.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Maya Bassil
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences (RIMHS), College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Berna Rahi
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77304, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-936-294-1986
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Aoun R, Chokor FAZ, Taktouk M, Nasrallah M, Ismaeel H, Tamim H, Nasreddine L. Dietary fructose and its association with the metabolic syndrome in Lebanese healthy adults: a cross-sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:29. [PMID: 35139893 PMCID: PMC8827166 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies investigating the association between dietary fructose intake and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are scarce and have produced controversial findings. This study aimed at (1) assessing total dietary fructose intake in a sample of Lebanese healthy adults, and determining the intake levels of natural vs. added fructose; (2) investigating the association of dietary fructose with MetS; and (3) identifying the socioeconomic and lifestyle factors associated with high fructose intake. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a representative sample of adults living in Beirut, Lebanon (n = 283). Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected, and dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Intakes of naturally-occurring fructose from fructose-containing food sources, such as fruits, vegetables, honey, were considered as "natural fructose". Acknowledging that the most common form of added sugar in commodities is sucrose or High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), 50% of added sugar in food products was considered as added fructose. Total dietary fructose intake was calculated by summing up natural and added fructose intakes. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association of total, added and natural fructose intakes with the MetS and to identify the socioeconomic predictors of high fructose intake. RESULTS Mean intake of total fructose was estimated at 51.42 ± 35.54 g/day, representing 6.58 ± 3.71% of energy intakes (EI). Natural and added fructose intakes were estimated at 12.29 ± 8.57 and 39.12 ± 34.10 g/day (1.78 ± 1.41% EI and 4.80 ± 3.56% EI), respectively. Participants in the highest quartile of total and added fructose intakes had higher odds of MetS (OR = 2.84, 95%CI: 1.01, 7.94 and OR = 3.18, 95%CI: 1.06, 9.49, respectively). In contrast, natural fructose intake was not associated with MetS. Age, gender and crowding index were identified as factors that may modulate dietary fructose intakes. CONCLUSIONS The observed association between high added fructose intake and the MetS highlights the need for public health strategies aimed at limiting sugar intake from industrialized foods and promoting healthier dietary patterns in Lebanon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Aoun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Al Zahraa Chokor
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mandy Taktouk
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mona Nasrallah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Vascular Medicine Program, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussain Ismaeel
- Vascular Medicine Program, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Tamim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Lara Nasreddine
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Mohammad Bawazeer N, Jubran Al-Qahtani S, Salman Alzaben A. The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Characteristics: A Sample of Saudi Arabia. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.9.3.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Dietary intake is an important risk factor that contributes to the development or prevention of many health conditions. The objective of the current study was to identify different dietary patterns and its relation to socio-demographic and life-style characteristics. A cross-sectional study of 299 Saudi adults, aged between 35-65 years without any significant health problems. Participants were interviewed individually and completed a pre-designed questionnaire with close-ended questions including socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Dietary intake was assessed using food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were obtained by a trained nurse in the clinic. Factor analysis technique was used to derive different food patterns. Five dietary patterns were identified, namely: sweet & starch, date & coffee, healthy, traditional, and protein patterns. Following sweet & starch pattern was significantly correlated to male gender, frequently visiting fast food restaurants and breakfast consumption behavior. Adherence to healthy pattern was associated with male gender, higher education with high income, older adults, breakfast consumption behavior and high levels of physical activity. Traditional pattern was correlated with married subjects and male gender, whereas compliance to date & coffee pattern was related to reduced number of meals and snacks. The protein pattern was significantly associated with younger age and breakfast consumption behavior. Dietary patterns were influenced by socio-demographic characteristic (age, gender, marital status, education level, income) and other lifestyle factors (breakfast consumption, number of meals, physical activity). A national cohort study is needed to assess the association between dietary patterns with the risk of cardiometabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Mohammad Bawazeer
- 1Clinical Nutrition Program, Department of Health, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seham Jubran Al-Qahtani
- 2Research Department, University Diabetes Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Salman Alzaben
- 1Clinical Nutrition Program, Department of Health, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Nacouzi C, Tarazi V, Kabalane L, Hosry M, Hleyhel M. Knowledge, use and practices of licensed dietitians related to dietary supplements in Lebanon. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-11. [PMID: 34933705 PMCID: PMC9991652 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002100495x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate Lebanese licensed dietitians' knowledge, prevalence of use and recommendation of dietary supplements (DS), and their associated factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Dietitians across Lebanon were contacted through the telephone and were asked to participate in the study. An online self-administered questionnaire was designed and sent to dietitians either by email or by WhatsApp, between 4 March and 4 May 2020. PARTICIPANTS This study included 319 dietitians randomly selected from the dietitians' list that was provided by the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health. RESULTS Around 75 % of dietitians had a knowledge score above 50 %. Overall, 73·7 % of them have used DS and 46·1 % have recommended them. Higher knowledge score was associated with less years of experience, using scientific articles as source of information on DS, and participating in research. Resorting to pharmacists was significantly associated with both nutrient supplements (NS) and herbal supplements (HS) use, whereas referring to health food stores was associated with HS use only. NS recommendation to patients was associated with personal NS use (OR = 3·38, P < 0·001), considering pharmacists as a source of information on DS (OR = 2·29, P = 0·01) and discussing DS with patients (OR = 3·82, P = 0·01). Having personally used HS (OR = 12·23, P < 0·001) and having discussed DS with patients (OR = 8·51, P = 0·01) increased the likelihood of recommending HS. CONCLUSIONS A proper DS education, the elaboration of national scientific guidelines and the implementation of concise laws regarding the regulations of DS would play a crucial role in supporting dietitians' practices and improving the quality of patient care with respect to DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Nacouzi
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Vanessa Tarazi
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Lara Kabalane
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Maya Hosry
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Mira Hleyhel
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
- CERIPH, Center for Research in Public Health, Pharmacoepidemiology Surveillance Unit, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
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Interactions of Comorbidity and Five Simple Environmental Unhealthy Habits Concerning Physical and Mental Quality of Life in the Clinical Setting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189590. [PMID: 34574515 PMCID: PMC8467323 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the interactions between comorbidity and five lifestyle single habits concerning different subscales of quality of life (QoL). For the study, 302 patients were consecutively recruited at the internal medicine department of a tertiary teaching hospital. Lifestyle habits, comorbidities and QoL were recorded according to validated questionnaires. Five single unhealthy habits, such as tobacco consumption, dietary intake of ultra-processed pastries, raw nuts or carbonated drinks, sleep time and physical activity patterns were selected according to previously published data. The main outcomes of the study were the scores of the eight subscales of the SF-36 QoL survey. The aggregate of unhealthy habits showed statistically significant association to every category in the SF-36 questionnaire, both in the univariate and the multivariate analysis when adjusting by age, sex and comorbidity. An interaction was found between comorbidity and unhealthy habits in both physical and mental summaries of SF-36. In conclusion, the lifestyle assessment according to five unhealthy habits is associated with a worse QoL. The interaction between comorbidity and unhealthy habits is especially clear in diseased patients due to the interplay between illness and lifestyle in the prediction of QoL.
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Ghani SB, Taneja K, Wills CCA, Tubbs AS, Delgadillo ME, Valencia D, Halane M, Killgore WDS, Grandner MA. Culturally-consistent diet among individuals of Mexican descent at the US-Mexico border is associated with sleep duration and snoring. BMC Nutr 2021; 7:53. [PMID: 34420524 PMCID: PMC8381582 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-021-00452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing studies show that consuming food consistent with one's culture reduces cardiometabolic risk. However, few studies have assessed whether these dietary choices influence sleep health. Accordingly, this study assessed how Mexican food consumption by individuals of Mexican descent residing at the US-Mexico border, was associated with various measures of sleep, after accounting for acculturation. METHODS Data were provided by 100 adults between the ages of 18-60, in the city of Nogales, AZ. Questionnaires were provided in either Spanish or English. Acculturation was assessed with the Acculturation Scale for Mexican-Americans (ARSMA-II), with an additional question, asking how often "my family cooks Mexican foods." Frequency of cooking Mexican food was coded as either "yes" or "no." Sleep was assessed, using validated measures that include the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and sleep duration with the item "how many hours of actual sleep did you get at night?" Regression models estimated the associations between sleep health variables as outcomes and consumption of Mexican food as the independent variable. Covariates included age, sex, and acculturation scores. Parental education level was also included, as an indicator of childhood socioeconomic status and since food culture likely involves parents. RESULT We found that among individuals who identified as Mexican-Americans who consumed culturally-consistent foods, was associated with, on average, 1.41 more hours of sleep (95% CI 0.19, 2.62; p = 0.024) and were less likely to report snoring (OR: 0.25; 95% CI 0.07, 0.93; p = 0.039). Consuming Mexican food was not associated with sleep quality, insomnia severity or sleepiness. CONCLUSION Individuals of Mexican descent residing at the US-Mexico border who regularly consumed Mexican food, reported more sleep and less snoring. Mexican acculturation has been shown previously to improve sleep health. This is likely due to consumption of a culturally- consistent diet. Future studies should examine the role of acculturation in sleep health, dietary choices, and subsequent cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia B Ghani
- Department of Psychiatry, Sleep and Health Research Program, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Rd Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5002, USA.
| | - Krishna Taneja
- Department of Psychiatry, Sleep and Health Research Program, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Rd Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5002, USA
| | - Chloe C A Wills
- Department of Psychiatry, Sleep and Health Research Program, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Rd Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5002, USA
| | - Andrew S Tubbs
- Department of Psychiatry, Sleep and Health Research Program, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Rd Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5002, USA
| | - Marcos E Delgadillo
- Department of Psychiatry, Sleep and Health Research Program, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Rd Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5002, USA
| | - Dora Valencia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sleep and Health Research Program, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Rd Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5002, USA
| | - Mohamed Halane
- Medical University of the Americas, Nevis, Saint Kitts And Nevis
| | - William D S Killgore
- Department of Psychiatry, Social, Cognitive, and Affective Neuroscience (SCAN) Lab, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Rd Suite 7303B, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Michael A Grandner
- Department of Psychiatry, Sleep and Health Research Program, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Rd Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5002, USA
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El Khoury CN, Julien SG. Inverse Association Between the Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19 Risk in Lebanon: A Case-Control Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:707359. [PMID: 34395500 PMCID: PMC8363114 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.707359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Since 2019, the world is confronting the COVID-19 public health crisis that deeply impacted all aspects of life, from the health sector to economy. Despite the advancement of research targeting pandemic containment measures, more strategies are still needed to alleviate the burden caused by this novel disease. In particular, optimal nutrition was proposed as a possible mitigating factor in the context of COVID-19. Indeed, the light is shed on balanced diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, which present the finest nutritional quality to support the immune system and other physiologic functions. In contrast, less varied diets that lack the needed nutrients and favor inflammation have been correlated with adverse health effects, including a hindered immune response, such as the western diet. Methods: This observational case control study aimed at exploring the possible associations between the different dietary patterns present among a sample of the Lebanese population and the COVID-19 occurrence and outcomes. An online survey collected information about the sociodemographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle, and dietary habits through the Mediterranean diet questionnaire and a semi-quantitative fod frequency questionnaire, and the COVID-19 infection and its burden. The sample consisted of 399 respondents divided into the case and control groups (37.6 and 62.4%, respectively) on the basis of the presence or absence of a COVID-19 infection history. Results: The participants in the case and control groups had average adherence to the Mediterranean diet and their dietary intake was closer to the western diet. However, the cases had a lower mean of the MedDiet score (p = 0.009). Food groups consumption analysis showed that this significant difference within the overall similar dietary patterns was due to a higher consumption of poultry and a trend toward decreased consumption of olive oil and increased read meat and alcohol intake among the cases. Additionally, gender influenced the levels of different foods' consumption. Nonetheless, the dietary intake did not impact the COVID-19 burden. Conclusion: It is recommended to adopt healthy food choices within the different dietary patterns for a better protection against COVID-19. These findings should be validated in larger-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofi G. Julien
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
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El-Ali Z, El-Kassas G, Ziade FM, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Zmerly H, Bissar N. Evaluation of circulating levels of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-16 and dietary inflammatory index in Lebanese knee osteoarthritis patients. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07551. [PMID: 34337179 PMCID: PMC8318856 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate plasma concentrations of Interleukin-16 (IL-16) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in Lebanese knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and to examine the association between the diet-associated inflammation and increased risk for KOA. Methods A total of 208 study participants were assigned to one of the 3 groups: Diagnosed Knee Osteoarthritis group (DKOA) (N = 78); Undiagnosed Knee Osteoarthritis group (UKOA) (N = 60) and controls matched on age, sex and sociodemographic characteristics (N = 70). UKOA represents KOA features before they are altered by therapeutic intervention and lifestyle modifications that follow the diagnosis. Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII™) scores were calculated using 2-day 24-hour recalls. IL-10 and IL-16 were measured using commercially available sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results The UKOA group and controls did not show any significant difference in plasma IL-16 levels (p = 0.28), whereas significantly higher levels of IL-10 were observed in the UKOA group compared to controls (21 ± 41 vs 7.5 ± 12 pg/mL; p = 0.01). The UKOA group had significantly higher IL-16 levels compared to the DKOA group (177 ± 215 vs 80 ± 57 pg/ml; p = 0.001) and significantly higher IL-10 levels compared to the DKOA group (21 ± 41 vs 8 ± 14 pg/mL; p = 0.02). Significantly higher levels of IL-16 were observed in the control group compared to the DKOA group (140 ± 161 vs 80 ± 57 pg/ml; p = 0.009) whereas the DKOA group and controls did not show any significant difference in plasma IL-10 levels (p = 0.82). Additionally, we found significantly higher E-DII scores in the UKOA group compared to controls (0.53 ± 1.028 vs 0.04 ± 1.580; p = 0.04) and in the UKOA group compared to the DKOA group (0.53 ± 1.028 vs -0.37 ± 1.899; p = 0.001). However, there was significant difference in E-DII scores between the DKOA group and controls (p = 0.16). Conclusions Our findings indicate an association between circulating levels of IL-10 and KOA in Lebanese population, and a potential role of pro-inflammatory diet in KOA pathology. We did not find an association between circulating levels of IL-16 and KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina El-Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon
| | - Germine El-Kassas
- Head of Clinical Nutrition Department, Saudi German Hospital Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fouad M Ziade
- Faculty of Public Health III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Hassan Zmerly
- Villa Erbosa Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,UCM Malta - Ludes Lugano Campus, Switzerland
| | - Nisrine Bissar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon
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Naja F, Itani L, Hammoudeh S, Manzoor S, Abbas N, Radwan H, Saber-Ayad M. Dietary Patterns and Their Associations With the FTO and FGF21 Gene Variants Among Emirati Adults. Front Nutr 2021; 8:668901. [PMID: 34095191 PMCID: PMC8171665 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.668901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To examine the dietary patterns and their associations with the FTO and FGF21 gene variants among Emirati adults. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, healthy adult male and female Emiratis (n = 194) were recruited from primary health care centers in Sharjah, UAE. Participants completed a 61-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. In addition, a saliva sample was obtained for the genetic analysis. Genotyping was performed for FTOrs9939609(A>T), FTOrs9930506(A>G), FGF21 rs838133 (A > G), and FGF21 rs838145 (A > G). Dietary patterns were derived using the principal component analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of dietary patterns with genetic variants. Results: Three dietary patterns were identified: "Western": consisting of fast food, sweets, and processed meat; "Traditional Emirati" rich in vegetables, traditional Emirati-mixed-dishes and whole dairy; while whole grains, low-fat dairy, and bulgur were components of the "Prudent" pattern. Subjects carrying the A allele of the FTO rs9939609 were 2.41 times more likely to adhere to the Western pattern compared to subjects with genotype TT (OR:2.41; 95%CI:1.05-5.50). Compared with subjects with A/A, those carrying the G allele of the FTO rs9930506 were more likely to follow a Western diet (OR: 2.19; 95%CI: 1.00-4.97). Participants carrying the risk allele (A) of the FGF21 rs838133 were twice more likely to adhere to the Traditional pattern as compared to subjects with genotype GG (OR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.01-3.57). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggested associations among specific FTO and FGF21 gene variants with dietary patterns among Emirati adults. These findings could be used to inform evidence-based targeted nutrition preventive recommendations, especially those aiming to limit intake of western type foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Hammoudeh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shaista Manzoor
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nada Abbas
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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11
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Nguyen HH, Wu F, Oddy WH, Wills K, Brennan-Olsen SL, Jones G, Winzenberg T. Longitudinal associations of dietary patterns with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in older adults: the TASOAC study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:759-767. [PMID: 33199850 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To derive dietary patterns and examine their longitudinal associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in the Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort. SUBJECTS/METHODS This is a corrected analysis of a retracted paper. We followed 1098 adults aged ≥50 years for 5 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Baseline dietary patterns were identified using exploratory factor analysis and scores at each time point calculated using the weighted sum score method. Associations of energy-adjusted dietary pattern scores with participant characteristics were assessed using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS The four dietary patterns identified were: fruit and vegetable (vegetables, potatoes, fruits); animal protein (poultry, red meats, fish); snack (snacks, sweets, nuts); western (meat pies, hamburgers, pizzas). Fruit and vegetable pattern scores were lower in men and current smokers at baseline. Animal protein scores were lower in older and retired people but higher in men and smokers at baseline. The sex difference in animal protein score increased over time (p = 0.012). At baseline, snack score was positively associated with age and physical activity, but lower in men and current smokers. The effect of age on snack score lessened over time (p = 0.035). Western scores were lower in older people but higher in men, current smokers and those living in disadvantaged areas at baseline. The effect of age on western score reduced over time (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The higher scores for healthy and/or lower scores for unhealthy patterns in men, smokers, retirees and those experiencing social disadvantage suggest these could be target groups for interventions to improve diet quality in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa H Nguyen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, 7000, TAS, Australia.,Ho Chi Minh City University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 217 Hong Bang Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Feitong Wu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, 7000, TAS, Australia
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, 7000, TAS, Australia
| | - Karen Wills
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, 7000, TAS, Australia
| | - Sharon L Brennan-Olsen
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, 3021, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne-Western Health, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, 3021, VIC, Australia.,School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong Waterfront Campus, Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong Waterfront Campus, Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, 7000, TAS, Australia
| | - Tania Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, 7000, TAS, Australia.
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12
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Associations between dietary patterns and osteoporosis-related outcomes in older adults: a longitudinal study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:792-800. [PMID: 33190142 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00806-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To describe the associations of baseline dietary pattern scores with falls risk, bone mineral density (BMD), and incident fractures measured over 10 years in older adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS Dietary patterns were identified using exploratory factor analysis. Femoral neck (FN), hip, and lumbar spine (LS) BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, falls risk z-score using the Physiological Profile Assessment, and incident fractures by self-report. Linear mixed-effects models and log-binomial regression were used to estimate associations between baseline dietary pattern z-scores and outcomes. RESULTS Of 1098 participants at baseline, 567 were retained over 10 years. Four dietary patterns were derived: fruit and vegetable (FV), animal protein (AP), snack, and Western. FV pattern reduced falls risk at baseline by β = 0.05-0.08/SD and the annual decreases of FN and hip BMD were less for higher Western or AP pattern scores in all populations and women. The annual increase in LS of the entire population was greater with higher scores of FV, AP, and Western patterns (all β = 0.001 g/cm2/year/SD, p < 0.05). Higher scores of FV and snack were associated with a higher risk of LS BMD increasing over 10 years (p < 0.05 for all, except snack pattern in men) and incident fracture was not associated with any dietary pattern in the overall cohort and both men and women separately. CONCLUSIONS An FV dietary pattern may be beneficial for reducing falls risk. The associations of dietary patterns and BMD are modest in magnitude and did not translate into an improved fracture risk. Associations between diet and LS BMD may reflect osteoarthritis rather than osteoporosis.
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El Sayed Ahmad R, Baroudi M, Shatila H, Nasreddine L, Chokor FAZ, Chehab RF, Forman MR, Naja F. Validity and Reproducibility of a Culture-Specific Food Frequency Questionnaire in Lebanon. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3316. [PMID: 33137973 PMCID: PMC7692843 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the validity and reproducibility of a culture-specific semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for Lebanese adults. The 94-item FFQ captures intake of traditional Mediterranean dishes and Western food, reflective of current Lebanese nutrition transition. Among 107 participants (18-65 years), the FFQ was administered at baseline (FFQ-1) and one year thereafter (FFQ-2); 2-3 24-h recalls (24-HRs)/season were collected for a total of 8-12 over four seasons. A subset (n = 67) provided a fasting blood sample in the fall. Spearman-correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, joint-classification and (ICC) were calculated. Mean intakes from FFQ-2 were higher than from the total 24-HRs. Correlations for diet from FFQ-2 and 24-HRs ranged from 0.17 for α-carotene to 0.65 for energy. Joint classification in the same/adjacent quartile ranged from 74.8% to 95%. FFQ-2-plasma carotenoid correlations ranged from 0.18 for lutein/zeaxanthin to 0.59 for β-carotene. Intra-class correlations for FFQ-1 and FFQ-2 ranged from 0.36 for β-cryptoxanthin to 0.85 for energy. 24-HRs carotenoid intake varied by season; combining season-specific 24-HRs proximal to biospecimen collection to the FFQ-2 improved diet-biochemical correlations. By applying dietary data from two tools with biomarkers taking into consideration seasonal variation, we report a valid, reproducible Lebanese FFQ for use in diet-disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeda El Sayed Ahmad
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon; (R.E.S.A.); (M.B.); (H.S.); (L.N.); (F.A.Z.C.)
| | - Mariam Baroudi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon; (R.E.S.A.); (M.B.); (H.S.); (L.N.); (F.A.Z.C.)
| | - Hibeh Shatila
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon; (R.E.S.A.); (M.B.); (H.S.); (L.N.); (F.A.Z.C.)
| | - Lara Nasreddine
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon; (R.E.S.A.); (M.B.); (H.S.); (L.N.); (F.A.Z.C.)
| | - Fatima Al Zahraa Chokor
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon; (R.E.S.A.); (M.B.); (H.S.); (L.N.); (F.A.Z.C.)
| | - Rana F. Chehab
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Michele R. Forman
- Nutrition Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon; (R.E.S.A.); (M.B.); (H.S.); (L.N.); (F.A.Z.C.)
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
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Sarkhosh‐Khorasani S, Mozaffari‐Khosravi H, Mirzaei M, Nadjarzadeh A, Hosseinzadeh M. Empirically derived dietary patterns and obesity among Iranian Adults: Yazd Health Study-TAMYZ and Shahedieh cohort study. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2478-2489. [PMID: 32405404 PMCID: PMC7215230 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to determine the relationship between dietary patterns derived by principal component analysis (PCA) in association with obesity from a large group of Iranian adults in the urban and suburb areas. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,693 Iranian adults. The data were collected from two cohort studies: Shahedieh city annexed to Yazd area as well as Yazd Health Study (YaHS)-TAMYZ (Yazd Nutrition Survey in Persian) in urban area. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The PCA was applied to identify the dietary patterns. Multiple logistic regressions were run to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity. In Shahedieh cohort study, three major dietary patterns were identified traditional, unhealthy, and prudent pattern. Prudent pattern was associated with lower odds of obesity (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.88). Higher adherence to the unhealthy (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.50) and traditional (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.72) patterns was related to greater odds of obesity. Moreover, we identified traditional and unhealthy dietary patterns in YaHS study. Higher adherence to the unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with greater odds of obesity (OR: 1.21 95% CI: 1.02, 1.44). Greater adherence to unhealthy dietary patterns was associated with higher odds of obesity in participants. Greater adherence to traditional and prudent dietary patterns increased and decreased the obesity odds, respectively. Further prospective studies are needed to find out the causal relationship between the variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sarkhosh‐Khorasani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Hassan Mozaffari‐Khosravi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research CentreShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
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Naja F, Nasreddine L, Awada S, El Sayed Ahmad R, Hwalla N. Nutrition in the Prevention of Breast Cancer: A Middle Eastern Perspective. Front Public Health 2019; 7:316. [PMID: 31788465 PMCID: PMC6856137 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the escalating burden of breast cancer (BC) in the Middle East (ME) and the prevalence of modifiable risk factors and underscores opportunities to promote the prevention of the disease. Similar to more developed countries, BC is the most frequent cancer among women in countries of the ME, accounting for one-third of total cancer cases and 24% of total cancer deaths. Average age at BC diagnosis appears to be a decade earlier in Middle Eastern countries compared to the Western countries, and its incidence is predicted to further increase. Although incidence rates of BC are still lower in Middle Eastern countries than Western ones, mortality rates are similar and at times even higher. It is estimated that 30% of BC cases are due to environmental and lifestyle factors, such as obesity and diet and hence can be preventable. The ME suffers from surging rates of obesity, with eight of its countries ranking among the highest worldwide in obesity prevalence among adults aged 18 and above. ME countries with the highest prevalence of obesity that are among the top 20 worldwide include United Arab Emirates (UAE), Lebanon, Egypt, Libya, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Kuwait with rates ranging from 30% in UAE to 37% in Kuwait. In parallel, studies in the ME have consistently showed a shift in dietary intake whereby traditional diets, rich in fruits and vegetables, are progressively eroding and being replaced by westernized diets high in energy and fat. Accumulating evidence is reporting convincing association between consumption of such westernized diets and higher BC risk. Addressing these risk factors and studying their association with BC in terms of their nature and magnitude in Middle Eastern countries could provide the basis for intervention strategies to lower the risk and alleviate the burden of BC in these countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lara Nasreddine
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sara Awada
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Raeda El Sayed Ahmad
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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16
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Naja F, Itani L, Hwalla N, Sibai AM, Kharroubi SA. Identification of dietary patterns associated with elevated blood pressure among Lebanese men: A comparison of principal component analysis with reduced rank regression and partial least square methods. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220942. [PMID: 31419246 PMCID: PMC6697315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the associations of dietary patterns with odds of elevated Blood Pressure (BP) among Lebanese adult males using principal component analysis (PCA), and compare the results to two other data reduction methods, including reduced rank regression (RRR) and partial least-squares (PLS) regression. METHODS Data from the National Nutrition and Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Survey conducted in Lebanon between years 2008 and 2009 were used. Dietary intake data were collected by a 61-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). In addition, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were obtained following standard techniques. For the purpose of this study, data of males older than 20 years with no history of chronic diseases were selected (n = 673). Elevated BP was indicated if the systolic blood pressure was > = 130mm Hg and/or the diastolic blood pressure > = 85 mm Hg. Dietary patterns were constructed using PCA, PLS and RRR and compared based on the performance to identify plausible patterns associated with elevated BP. For PLS and RR, the response variables were BMI, waist circumference and percent body fat. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between the dietary pattern scores of each method and risk of elevated BP. RESULTS Three dietary patterns were identified using PCA: Western, Traditional Lebanese, and Fish and alcohol. Both the Western and the Traditional Lebanese patterns were associated with higher odds of elevated BP in the study population (OR = 1.23, CI 1.03, 1.46; OR = 1.29, CI 1.09, 1.52 respectively). The comparison among the three methods for dietary patterns derivation showed that PLS and RRR derived patterns explained greater variance in the outcome (PCA: 1.2%; PLS: 14.1%; RRR: 15.36%) and were significantly associated with elevated BP, while the PCA dietary patterns were descriptive of the study population's real dietary habits (PCA: 23.6%; PLS: 19.8%; RRR: 11.3%). CONCLUSIONS The Western and Traditional Lebanese dietary patterns were associated with higher odds of elevated BP among Lebanese males. The findings of this study showed that, compared to PCA, the use of RRR method resulted in more significant associations with the outcome while the PCA-derived patterns were more related to the real habits in the study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Laila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abla M Sibai
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samer A Kharroubi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Breakfast Intake and Factors Associated with Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Lebanese High School Adolescents. J Nutr Metab 2019; 2019:2714286. [PMID: 31275644 PMCID: PMC6589235 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2714286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet has shown to have positive health impacts on metabolic diseases and cognitive performance. However, Mediterranean countries have witnessed a decreased adherence during the past years and the adoption of a more westernized dietary pattern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of Mediterranean diet adherence with sociodemographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric factors among Lebanese high school adolescents. Specifically, we aimed to analyse in this group the association between low adherence and breakfast intake. A cross-sectional survey was carried out on randomly selected students (268 boys and 332 girls), aged between 15 and 18 years old, from private and public schools in Beirut and Mount Lebanon. Data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. The Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents was used to assess the adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The results showed a high percentage of adolescents having a low adherence (43%), with girls (64.2%) having a significant (p < 0.001) higher adherence than boys (35.8%). Furthermore, the study proved that a lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with a higher risk of obesity (15.5%), breakfast skipping (69.4%), and an unhealthy breakfast options (17.4%). Younger adolescents (47.4%), students from public schools (92.6%), and students with the highest grades (25.3%) had a significantly higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet than those from private schools (7.4%) and older adolescents (18.9%). In conclusion, results should plead for an increased awareness in Lebanese schools, supporting students to be more adherent to the Mediterranean diet, in order to prevent a further increase in metabolic diseases later in adulthood.
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Food-based dietary guidelines of Arabic-speaking countries: a culturally congruent profile. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:1129-1137. [PMID: 30744726 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018004093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary guidelines for food groups, types and portion sizes are common practice at the national level. As the relationship between nutrition and disease and the influence of cultural identity on individual behaviour become clearer, dietary guidelines necessarily evolve. Today, the Arabic-speaking region is experiencing a dual burden of undernutrition and increasing rates of overweight and obesity. Cultural congruency among dietary guidelines in the Arabic-speaking region and how they affect health education, health promotion, and nutrition programme planning or individual dietary behaviours have yet to be examined. The present work provides dietitians and public health professionals a narrative review of proposed food guidelines for the Arabic-speaking region. DESIGN The current review examined five established dietary guidelines within the Arabic-speaking region, namely the Arab Food Dome (Arab Gulf states), the Healthy Food Palm (Saudi Arabia), the Lebanese Dietary Guidelines, the Omani Guide to Healthy Eating and the Qatar Dietary Guidelines, and compared findings with the regional Eastern Mediterranean guidelines developed by the WHO. Individual guideline recommendations are tabled for comparative review. SETTING The Arabic-speaking region.ParticipantsRespective Arabic-speaking populations. RESULTS Health educators, community health practitioners and nutrition professionals can benefit from the cultural contexts associated with dietary guidelines in this region. CONCLUSIONS Community-level policy and individual behaviour change will benefit from cultural sensitivity; health communication and behaviour change programming require cultural competence provided in the present review; and programme evaluation efforts (prior to and after implementation) should include a detailed understanding of how culture shapes regional policy and individual nutrition behaviours.
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Naja F, Jomaa L, Itani L, Zidek J, El Labban S, Sibai AM, Hwalla N. Environmental footprints of food consumption and dietary patterns among Lebanese adults: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2018; 17:85. [PMID: 30208898 PMCID: PMC6136176 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Following the release of the Sustainable Development Goals, dietary patterns and guidelines are being revised for their effect on the environment in addition to their health implications. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the Environmental Footprints (EFPs) of food consumption patterns among Lebanese adults. Methods For this study, data for adults aged > 18 years (n = 337) were drawn from a previous national survey conducted in Lebanon (2008–2009), where dietary intake was assessed using a 61-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. Dietary patterns previously derived in the study sample included: Western, Lebanese-Mediterranean and High-Protein. In this study, food consumption and dietary patterns were examined for their EFPs including water use, energy use, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, using review of life cycle analyses. Results In the study population, the EFPs of food consumption were: water use: 2571.62 ± 1259.45 L/day; energy use: 37.34 ± 19.98 MJ/day and GHGs: 4.06 ± 1.93 kg CO2 eq / day. Among the three dietary patterns prevalent in the study population, the Lebanese-Mediterranean diet had the lowest water use and GHG per 1000 Kcal (Water (L/Kg): 443.61 ± 197.15, 243.35 ± 112.0, 264.72 ± 161.67; GHG (KG CO2 eq/day) 0.58 ± 0.32, 0.38 ± 0.24, 0.57 ± 0.37, for the Western, Lebanese-Mediterranean and High- Protein, respectively). The scores of the High-Protein dietary pattern were associated with higher odds of the three EFPs, whereas the Lebanese-Mediterranean dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of energy use. Furthermore, scores of the Western pattern were associated with higher water use. Conclusions The findings of this study showed that, among Lebanese adults, the Western and High-Protein dietary patterns had high EFPs, whereas the Lebanese-Mediterranean dietary pattern had lower water use and GHG emissions. Coupled to our earlier findings of the Lebanese-Mediterranean pattern’s beneficial effects on health, the findings of this study lend evidence for the notion that what is healthy for people may also be healthy for ecosystems and highlight the need for nutrition recommendations to take into consideration the nexus of water, food, energy, in addition to health. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12937-018-0393-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Lamis Jomaa
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, PO Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072809, Lebanon
| | - Jeremy Zidek
- Futura Food LLC, 113 Creekside Drive, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Sibelle El Labban
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Abla Mehio Sibai
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020, Lebanon.
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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Dietary patterns and their associations with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors in Tasmanian older adults: a longitudinal cohort study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:714-723. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Arab A, Rafie N, Mansourian M, Miraghajani M, Hajianfar H. Dietary patterns and semen quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Andrology 2017; 6:20-28. [PMID: 29024507 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have examined the association between dietary patterns and semen quality, but the findings have been inconclusive. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association between dietary patterns and semen quality. PubMed, Cochrane library, Science direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ISI web of science databases were searched up to August 2016 for observational studies assessing the association between common dietary patterns and sperm quality markers. Data were pooled by the generic inverse variance method with random effects and expressed as mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed (Cochrane Q-statistic) and quantified (I2 -statistic). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed study quality. Six eligible studies, involving 8207 participants, were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled mean difference of sperm concentration for the healthy dietary pattern versus unhealthy dietary pattern intake was mean difference: 0.66; 95% CI, 0.305-1.016; p < 0.001. In comparison with those who had the highest adherence to healthy dietary pattern, individuals in the lowest adherence had significantly lower level of sperm concentration. However, no significant association was seen between eating patterns and other semen quality. Healthy dietary pattern seems to be associated with elevated sperm concentration level. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arab
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - N Rafie
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - M Mansourian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - M Miraghajani
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Hajianfar
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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A minimally processed dietary pattern is associated with lower odds of metabolic syndrome among Lebanese adults. Public Health Nutr 2017; 21:160-171. [PMID: 28965534 PMCID: PMC5729841 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017002130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To (i) estimate the consumption of minimally processed, processed and ultra-processed foods in a sample of Lebanese adults; (ii) explore patterns of intakes of these food groups; and (iii) investigate the association of the derived patterns with cardiometabolic risk. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. Data collection included dietary assessment using an FFQ and biochemical, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Food items were categorized into twenty-five groups based on the NOVA food classification. The contribution of each food group to total energy intake (TEI) was estimated. Patterns of intakes of these food groups were examined using exploratory factor analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations of derived patterns with cardiometabolic risk factors. SETTING Greater Beirut area, Lebanon. SUBJECTS Adults ≥18 years (n 302) with no prior history of chronic diseases. RESULTS Of TEI, 36·53 and 27·10 % were contributed by ultra-processed and minimally processed foods, respectively. Two dietary patterns were identified: the 'ultra-processed' and the 'minimally processed/processed'. The 'ultra-processed' consisted mainly of fast foods, snacks, meat, nuts, sweets and liquor, while the 'minimally processed/processed' consisted mostly of fruits, vegetables, legumes, breads, cheeses, sugar and fats. Participants in the highest quartile of the 'minimally processed/processed' pattern had significantly lower odds for metabolic syndrome (OR=0·18, 95 % CI 0·04, 0·77), hyperglycaemia (OR=0·25, 95 % CI 0·07, 0·98) and low HDL cholesterol (OR=0·17, 95 % CI 0·05, 0·60). CONCLUSIONS The study findings may be used for the development of evidence-based interventions aimed at encouraging the consumption of minimally processed foods.
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Breitenbach Z, Raposa B, Szabó Z, Polyák É, Szűcs Z, Kubányi J, Figler M. Examination of Hungarian college students’ eating habits, physical activity and body composition. Eur J Integr Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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