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Cronbach N, Foot B, Scawn R. Severe ocular chemical injury in the UK: a British Ophthalmological Surveillance Unit study. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:2552-2556. [PMID: 38637697 PMCID: PMC11385558 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe ocular chemical injury is a potentially devastating condition which most commonly affects men of working age. Workplace injuries previously accounted for the majority of incidents, but there has been a recent increase in assaults involving corrosive substances throughout the UK. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence and demographics of severe ocular chemical injury and describe current surgical management practices. METHODS Cases were prospectively ascertained through the British Ophthalmological Surveillance Unit monthly reporting system during 2019-21. In total, 20 cases involving 29 eyes met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS The reported incidence of severe ocular chemical injury during the pre-pandemic period of the study was 0.24 per million. Cases due to alleged assault have become more common than workplace injuries. A total of 81% patients had persistent complications at 6 months requiring ongoing treatment, and 60% patients required surgical intervention. CONCLUSION Although there are limitations with the case ascertainment methods, severe ocular chemical injury remains rare within the UK. There has been a proportionate increase in cases related to alleged assault compared with previous similar studies. Amniotic membrane grafting remains the most commonly performed surgical procedure in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cronbach
- Ophthalmology Department, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Aylesbury, UK.
| | - Barny Foot
- Royal College of Ophthalmologists, London, UK
| | - Richard Scawn
- Ophthalmology and Oculoplastic Department, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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Sugita S, Hata K, Kodaiarasu K, Takamatsu N, Kimura K, Miller C, Gonzalez L, Umemoto I, Murayama K, Nakao T, Kito S, Ito M, Kuga H. Psychological treatments for mental health symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection: A scoping review. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2024; 3:e223. [PMID: 38962000 PMCID: PMC11216928 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this scoping review was to synthesize published studies and ongoing clinical trials of psychological interventions for mental health problems associated with COVID-19 infection. The study protocol was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews. We conducted systematic searches for studies published or registered between January 2020 and October 2022 using eight scientific databases and clinical trial registries, which identified 40 complete published studies and 53 ongoing clinical trials. We found that most studies were randomized controlled trials (74%) while the remaining used study designs of lower methodological quality. Most studies investigated interventions for acute COVID-19 patients (74%) and others explored post-COVID conditions (PCC) or recovered patients. Cognitive and behavioral therapies were the main intervention approaches (31%), followed by multidisciplinary programs (21%) and mindfulness (17%). The most frequently evaluated outcomes were anxiety (33%), depression (26%), quality of life (13%), and insomnia (10%). No studies on youths, older people, or marginalized communities were found. These findings summarize the burgeoning research on a range of psychological interventions for individuals infected with COVID-19. However, the field is in its infancy and further research to develop an evidence base for targeted care is necessary. The gaps identified in the current study also highlight the need for more research on youths, older people, and members of marginalized communities, and PCC patients. It is important to ascertain interventions and delivery strategies that are not only effective and affordable but also allow high scalability and accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Sugita
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Kotone Hata
- Faculty of Human SciencesWaseda UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Krandhasi Kodaiarasu
- McLean Hospital, Simches Division of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryBelmontMassachusettsUSA
| | - Naoki Takamatsu
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
- Department of NeuropsychiatryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Kentaro Kimura
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | | | | | - Ikue Umemoto
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Keitaro Murayama
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Nakao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Shinsuke Kito
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center HospitalNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Masaya Ito
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Hironori Kuga
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
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Sharma A, Sharma S. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly in the United Kingdom: A review study. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2826-2833. [PMID: 39228544 PMCID: PMC11368254 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1197_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly altered the lives and lifestyles of several older populations in the United Kingdom. It was important to note how it has affected their physical, mental, and social health and well-being during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. To study the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the imposed restrictions on the day-to-day lives of the elderly population in the United Kingdom. A review of the published literature on the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic and its consequences on the older population in the United Kingdom is done. Search engines used for medical databases were Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Internet Explorer. It was found that physical as well as mental well-being was affected in the elderly citizens of the United Kingdom. Mental health studies noted an obvious increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms. Social isolation and reduced access to healthcare services had a deteriorating impact on their social health. Covid-19-related lockdown and pandemic-associated physical, mental, and social well-being effects have been evident in the elderly population in the United Kingdom. The reasons identified for such findings are lack of physical activity, poor social interactions, social isolation, the perceived threat of a pandemic, and poor access to healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Sharma
- Department of Elderly Medicine, Medway Maritime Hospital, Medway, Kent, UK
| | - Sucheta Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medway Maritime Hospital, Medway, Kent, UK
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4
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Lam J, Garcia J. Daily activities of older adults before and during the COVID pandemic. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024; 79:gbae076. [PMID: 39041598 PMCID: PMC11264048 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examines how older adults' (65 years old plus) daily activities shifted in the years around the coronavirus disease (COVID) pandemic. METHODS Using data from American Time Use Survey, this study compares activities across the pre-pandemic (2019 to March 2020), early-pandemic (May to December 2020), and pandemic-normal (2021) periods. RESULTS In the first year of the pandemic, there was less time spent on average on leisure outside the home, traveling, and with nonhousehold members, and more time alone and at home, compared with before the pandemic. Moving beyond averages, sequence and cluster analyses find 5 similar typologies of days across the three periods, characterized by days predominated by (a) housework, (b) leisure at home, (c) TV, (d) a combination of leisure at home and outside with TV, and (e) paid work. Duration of time across various daily activities differed, however, even for the same clusters. For example, in days predominated by indoor leisure, adults spent 405 min in this activity before the pandemic, 432 min during the early-pandemic period, and 549 min during the pandemic-normal period. We also observed changes in the proportion of older adults in each cluster. Across the pre-pandemic and early-pandemic periods, the proportion of days predominated by leisure at home increased (9.9%-17.9%) whereas the proportion belonging to days predominated by housework decreased (45.7%-17.6%). DISCUSSION COVID-19 shifted the daily life of older adults, and our findings are consistent with selection, optimization, and compensation theory, documenting that older adult adapted across the first 2 years of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Lam
- Discipline of Sociology, School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joan Garcia
- Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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5
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Giles EL, Eskandari F, McGeechan G, Scott S, Lake AA, Teasdale S, Ekers D, Augustine A, Le Savauge N, Lynch C, Moore H, Smith J. Food insecurity in adults with severe mental illness living in Northern England: Peer research interview findings. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024; 33:671-682. [PMID: 38059552 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Food insecurity means that a person does not have access to sufficient nutritious food for normal growth and health. Food insecurity can lead to many health problems such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and other long term health conditions. People living with a severe mental illness are more likely to experience food insecurity than people without mental illness. Peer-led in-depth interviews were conducted with adults with severe mental illness from Northern England, during which their experiences of food insecurity and strategies to tackle food insecurity were discussed. Interviews took place between March and December 2022, with interviews being transcribed and analysed using deductive and inductive thematic analysis. Thirteen interviews were conducted, finding that food insecurity in adults with severe mental illness was often a long-standing issue. Unemployment, the cost-of-living crisis and fuel poverty impacted on experiences of food insecurity. Difficulties accessing food banks such as transport, stigma, and the limited selection of available food was also discussed. Strategies to tackle food insecurity centred on making food banks more accessible and improving the quality of available food. Future research should aim to eradicate food insecurity for adults with severe mental illness, as limited research and action focuses on this population group over and above 'mental illness' or 'poor mental health'. Removing barriers to accessing food such as lack of transport, and providing food which is of adequate nutritional quality, should be prioritised, as well as tackling the stigma and accessibility issues surrounding food banks use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Giles
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
- Fuse, The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fatemeh Eskandari
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
- Fuse, The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Grant McGeechan
- Fuse, The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Centre for Applied Psychological Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Steph Scott
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amelia A Lake
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
- Fuse, The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Scott Teasdale
- Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Ekers
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York (Mental Health and Addictions Research Group), York, UK
- Flatts Lane Centre, Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust Flatts Lane, Normanby, Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Jo Smith
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
- Fuse, The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Flatts Lane Centre, Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust Flatts Lane, Normanby, Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, UK
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6
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Dones I, Ciobanu RO. Older adults' experiences of wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative qualitative study in Italy and Switzerland. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2024; 9:1243760. [PMID: 38751995 PMCID: PMC11094362 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1243760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Particularly at the beginning of the pandemic, adults aged 65 and older were portrayed as a homogeneously vulnerable population due to the elevated health risks associated with contracting the COVID-19 disease. This portrayal, combined with travel restrictions, closures of economic sectors, country-wide lockdowns, and suggestions by governmental authorities to limit social contact, had important implications for the wellbeing of older individuals. However, older adults are a heterogeneous population who relies on different resources to cope with stressful periods, like the COVID-19 pandemic. Simultaneously, countries also employed different measures to contain the virus. Research thus far has focused on the short-term consequences of the pandemic, but studies have yet to address its long-term consequences. Objectives We explore older adults' lived experiences nearly 2 years after the pandemic onset. Moreover, we focus on the bordering countries of Switzerland and Italy, who employed contrasting containment measures. This paper analyzes (1) How the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the experiences of wellbeing of older adults in these regions and (2) How older adults coped with the stressors brought about by the pandemic, in particular social distancing. Methods The paper draws on 31 semi-structured interviews with 11 Swiss natives residing in Switzerland, 10 Italian migrants residing in Switzerland, and 10 Italian natives residing in Italy. Interviews were conducted from December 2021 to March 2022. Results Coping mechanisms of the three groups related to acceptance, hobbies, cognitive reframing, telephone use, vaccine use and social distancing. However, results show heterogeneous experiences of wellbeing, with Swiss natives sharing more positive narratives than the other two groups. Moreover, Italian migrants and Italian natives expressed the long-term negative consequences of the pandemic on their experienced wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuna Dones
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Center of Expertise in Life Course Research (LIVES), Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HETSL/HES-SO), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruxandra Oana Ciobanu
- Swiss Center of Expertise in Life Course Research (LIVES), Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HETSL/HES-SO), Lausanne, Switzerland
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van Rijn L, Metz MJ, van der Velden PR, Mathijsen P, Swildens WE, Schellekens AFA, Cahn W, Milota MM, Zinkstok JR. 'I am proud of how I handled it'. Exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions on well-being of adults with severe mental illness using qualitative methods. Health Expect 2024; 27:e13983. [PMID: 38348759 PMCID: PMC10862174 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and related restrictions globally impacted mental health, particularly for those with pre-existing severe mental illness (SMI). This qualitative study examined how adults with SMI perceived the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions in the Netherlands, focusing on their personal recovery, well-being and daily life, including an exploration of factors influencing these effects. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied. Purposive sampling was used to ensure diversity of individuals with SMI (i.e., age, gender, diagnosis, cultural background and mental healthcare institution). RESULTS Twenty participants (median age: 45 years [SD: 12, 8]; 11 females) were interviewed between May and July 2023. Findings revealed a wide range of experiences: while some individuals reported a negative impact on their existing psychiatric symptoms, others described adaptability, resilience and even positive effects of COVID-19 restrictions on their mental health and well-being. Factors influencing the heterogeneic perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions include the availability of trusted social relationships and enduring interactions with health professionals. CONCLUSION Personalised support, both socially and professionally, is crucial for addressing fears, building resilience, reducing isolation and encouraging positive coping strategies for individuals with SMI during external crises. In this project, a participatory research approach that integrated the lived experience perspective helped uncover the unique perceptions of people with SMI with regard to the pandemic and related restrictions. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The study used a participatory action research approach, with experts-by-experience involved in every stage of the project as part of the research team. This included engagement with the funding application process, recruitment strategies for interviews, developing the interview guide, piloting the interview, interpreting findings, and knowledge dissemination activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. van Rijn
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute For Brain, Cognition, and BehaviorNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - M. J. Metz
- GGz BreburgInstitute for Mental Health CareBredaThe Netherlands
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and WellbeingTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
| | | | - P. Mathijsen
- GGz BreburgInstitute for Mental Health CareBredaThe Netherlands
| | - W. E. Swildens
- Altrecht, Institute for Mental Health CareUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Inholland University of Applied ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - A. F. A. Schellekens
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute For Brain, Cognition, and BehaviorNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - W. Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Altrecht, Institute for Mental Health CareUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - M. M. Milota
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - J. R. Zinkstok
- Department of PsychiatryRadboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute For Brain, Cognition, and BehaviorNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Mental Health CareNijmegenThe Netherlands
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8
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Nyman F. Health care of the disadvantaged: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in later life. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1304494. [PMID: 38026408 PMCID: PMC10666629 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1304494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic diseases have emerged as the foremost causes of death and disability worldwide. This article employs an ethnographic approach to conduct a gerontological investigation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the third leading cause of global mortality, trailing only cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Methods This study is rooted in an extensive amalgamation of biomedical literature and official epidemiological data. Additionally, it offers enriched insights through an extensive ethnographic research methodology, encompassing ethnographic fieldwork, participant observation, interviews, and focus groups. Results The findings expound that individuals grappling with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease often undergo intricate cognitive and emotional experiences, necessitating holistic solutions that consider psychological processes, contextual factors, and subjective age. These challenges extend beyond the purview of a purely medical perspective. Conclusion This article concludes that the lens of gerontology is invaluable in comprehending chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, particularly due to its association with old age and increased longevity. Among older individuals, diagnosing the condition presents a formidable challenge. Breathlessness, a cardinal symptom, often overlaps with normal age-related declines in pulmonary function, rendering COPD's insidious onset misconstrued as a consequence of aging-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Nyman
- Department of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
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9
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Masters JL, Toller PW, O'Leary L. Intergenerational conversations on death and dying during the COVID-19 pandemic: A pedagogical approach. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2023; 44:588-601. [PMID: 36073602 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2022.2119227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This exploratory study examined how twenty-two undergraduate students and fifty-six older adults experienced discussing dying, death, and the COVID-19 pandemic with one another, using the book Tuesdays with Morrie as a conversational guide. The timing of these conversations is significant as discussions took place in March 2021, one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. Thematic analysis of students' and older adult's reflections on the discussion was employed and three themes were identified: the inevitability of death, gaining and giving perspective, and the importance of relationships. The pandemic was especially influential within two of the three themes. The findings highlight the benefits of bringing previously unknown people together to engage in conversations about dying and death during the pandemic using contemporary literature. This study also presents a pedagogical technique for educators to use to help students engage in discussions about death and dying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie L Masters
- Department of Gerontology, University of Nebraska-Omaha, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Paige W Toller
- College of Communication, Fine Arts and Media, University of Nebraska-Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lauren O'Leary
- Department of Gerontology, University of Nebraska-Omaha, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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10
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Park S, Zeng W, Zhao P, Tong Y. Information communication technology accessibility and mental health for older adults during the coronavirus disease in South Korea. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1126900. [PMID: 37818293 PMCID: PMC10561292 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1126900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As society ages and the digital economy continues to develop, accessibility to information and communication technology (ICT) has emerged as a critical factor influencing the mental health of older adults. Particularly, in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for non-face-to-face communication has significantly increased older adults' reliance on ICT for accessibility. This transition from a self-motivated engagement to a more socially passive mode of interaction highlights the importance of creating a digitally inclusive aging society. Methods This empirical study used pooled cross-sectional data from the Digital Gap Survey conducted in South Korea in 2018 and 2020. It aimed to analyze the association between ICT accessibility and the mental health of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results A significant positive relationship was found between ICT and mental health among older adults in South Korea. However, this positive association weakened during the COVID-19 period. Furthermore, the analysis revealed heterogeneity among older adults by age, sex, and place of residence, with older females in their 70s living in rural areas experiencing the greatest weakening. Discussion These results highlight the need for tailored interventions and support mechanisms for specific demographic groups of older adults. We recommend that the South Korean government implement various policies to facilitate the post-COVID-19 digital landscape. These include initiatives such as ICT-related education programs, development of user-friendly e-government systems, and creation of social media platforms designed to accommodate the needs and preferences of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Park
- Jinhe Center for Economic Research, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Technology Management, Economics and Policy Program, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Weihong Zeng
- Jinhe Center for Economic Research, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Pianpian Zhao
- Jinhe Center for Economic Research, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanke Tong
- Jinhe Center for Economic Research, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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11
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Derrer-Merk E, Reyes-Rodriguez MF, Soulsby LK, Roper L, Bennett KM. Older adults' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative systematic literature review. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:580. [PMID: 37730571 PMCID: PMC10510218 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Relatively little is known about the lived experiences of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. We systematically review the international literature to understand the lived experiences of older adult's experiences during the pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY This study uses a meta-ethnographical approach to investigate the included studies. The analyses were undertaken with constructivist grounded theory. RESULTS Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria and only five papers were of low quality. Most, but not all studies, were from the global north. We identified three themes: desired and challenged wellbeing; coping and adaptation; and discrimination and intersectionality. Overall, the studies' findings were varied and reflected different times during the pandemic. Studies reported the impact of mass media messaging and its mostly negative impact on older adults. Many studies highlighted the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on participants' social connectivity and well-being including missing the proximity of loved ones and in consequence experienced an increase in anxiety, feeling of depression, or loneliness. However, many studies reported how participants adapted to the change of lifestyle including new ways of communication, and social distancing. Some studies focused on discrimination and the experiences of sexual and gender minority and ethnic minority participants. Studies found that the pandemic impacted the participants' well-being including suicidal risk behaviour, friendship loss, and increased mental health issues. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted and impacted older adults' well-being worldwide. Despite the cultural and socio-economic differences many commonalities were found. Studies described the impact of mass media reporting, social connectivity, impact of confinement on well-being, coping, and on discrimination. The authors suggest that these findings need to be acknowledged for future pandemic strategies. Additionally, policy-making processes need to include older adults to address their needs. PROSPERO record [CRD42022331714], (Derrer-Merk et al., Older adults' lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review, 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elfriede Derrer-Merk
- University of Liverpool, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Bedford Street South, Liverpool, L697ZA, UK.
| | | | - Laura K Soulsby
- University of Liverpool, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Bedford Street South, Liverpool, L697ZA, UK
| | - Louise Roper
- Principal Health Psychologist, Resilience Hub, Lancashire & South Cumbria Foundation Hospital, Chorley, UK
| | - Kate M Bennett
- University of Liverpool, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Bedford Street South, Liverpool, L697ZA, UK
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12
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Kaltenboeck A, Portela Millinger F, Stadtmann S, Schmid C, Amering M, Vogl S, Fellinger M. How does the COVID-19 pandemic affect the personal lives and care realities of people with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder? A qualitative interview study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1239-1249. [PMID: 36864811 PMCID: PMC9988625 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231156833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes one of the greatest recent public crises. This study explored its influence on the lives and care realities of people with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). METHODS Between October 2020 and April 2021, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 volunteers with SSDs receiving inpatient or outpatient treatment in Vienna (Austria). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. RESULTS Three main themes were identified. First, 'Pandemic life is deprived, lonely and surreal - though certain aspects can be perceived as positive'. Second, 'Bio-psycho-social support systems were struck at their core by the pandemic and were left severely compromised'. Last, 'There is a complex interplay between one's prior experience of psychosis and the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic'. The pandemic situation affected interviewees in various ways. For many, it led to a drastic reduction in day-to-day and social activities and contributed to an atmosphere of strangeness and threat. Bio-psycho-social support providers frequently suspended their services and offered alternatives were not always helpful. Participants indicated that whilst having an SSD might render them vulnerable to the pandemic situation, prior experience with psychotic crises can also provide knowledge, skills and self-confidence which enable better coping. Some interviewees also perceived aspects of the pandemic situation as helpful for recovering from psychosis. CONCLUSION Healthcare providers must acknowledge the perspectives and needs of people with SSDs in present and future public health crises to ensure proper clinical support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kaltenboeck
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Filipe Portela Millinger
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Stadtmann
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Sozialpsychiatrisches Zentrum, Caritas der Erzdiözese Wien, Austria
| | - Christine Schmid
- Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Technical University Berlin, Germany
| | - Michaela Amering
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Vogl
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthäus Fellinger
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Green MA, McKee M, Hamilton OK, Shaw RJ, Macleod J, Boyd A, Katikireddi SV. Associations between self-reported healthcare disruption due to covid-19 and avoidable hospital admission: evidence from seven linked longitudinal studies for England. BMJ 2023; 382:e075133. [PMID: 37468148 PMCID: PMC10354595 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-075133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether there is an association between people who experienced disrupted access to healthcare during the covid-19 pandemic and risk of an avoidable hospital admission. DESIGN Observational analysis using evidence from seven linked longitudinal cohort studies for England. SETTING Studies linked to electronic health records from NHS Digital from 1 March 2020 to 25 August 2022. Data were accessed using the UK Longitudinal Linkage Collaboration trusted research environment. PARTICIPANTS Individual level records for 29 276 people. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Avoidable hospital admissions defined as emergency hospital admissions for ambulatory care sensitive and emergency urgent care sensitive conditions. RESULTS 9742 participants (weighted percentage 35%, adjusted for sample structure of longitudinal cohorts) self-reported some form of disrupted access to healthcare during the covid-19 pandemic. People with disrupted access were at increased risk of any (odds ratio 1.80, 95% confidence interval 1.39 to 2.34), acute (2.01, 1.39 to 2.92), and chronic (1.80, 1.31 to 2.48) ambulatory care sensitive hospital admissions. For people who experienced disrupted access to appointments (eg, visiting their doctor or an outpatient department) and procedures (eg, surgery, cancer treatment), positive associations were found with measures of avoidable hospital admissions. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from linked individual level data shows that people whose access to healthcare was disrupted were more likely to have a potentially preventable hospital admission. The findings highlight the need to increase healthcare investment to tackle the short and long term implications of the pandemic, and to protect treatments and procedures during future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Green
- Geographic Data Science Lab, Department of Geography & Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Martin McKee
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Olivia Kl Hamilton
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard J Shaw
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - John Macleod
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West) at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Andy Boyd
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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14
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Bu F, Steptoe A, Fancourt D. Longitudinal changes in home confinement and mental health implications: a 17-month follow-up study in England during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3943-3951. [PMID: 35357294 PMCID: PMC10317799 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought about significant behavioural changes, one of which is increased time spent at home. This could have important public health implications. This study aimed to explore longitudinal patterns of 'home confinement' (defined as not leaving the house/garden) during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the associated predictors and mental health outcomes. METHODS Data were from the UCL COVID-19 Social Study. The analytical sample consisted of 25 390 adults in England who were followed up for 17 months (March 2020-July 2021). Data were analysed using growth mixture models. RESULTS Our analyses identified three classes of growth trajectories, including one class showing a high level of persistent home confinement (the home-confined, 24.8%), one changing class with clear alignment with national containment measures (the adaptive, 32.0%), and one class with a persistently low level of confinement (the unconfined, 43.1%). A range of factors were associated with the class membership of home-confinement trajectories, such as age, gender, income, employment status, social relationships and health. The home-confined class had the highest number of depressive (diff = 1.34-1.68, p < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (diff = 0.84-1.05, p < 0.001) at the end of the follow-up than the other two classes. CONCLUSIONS There was substantial heterogeneity in longitudinal patterns of home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic. People with a persistent high level of confinement had the worst mental health outcomes, calling for special attention in mental health action plans, in particular targeted interventions for at-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Bu
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
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15
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Aubin G, Marcoux L, Larivière N, Lord MM, Thibault SM, Langlois C, Lefebvre A. An Exploration of the Occupational Adaptation of Older Adults Living in Low-Income Housing During the Pandemic. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2023; 66:613-628. [PMID: 36305310 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2022.2139318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Health restrictions enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic made it difficult for older adults living in low-income housing (hereinafter referred to as residents) to maintain a routine. The study aimed to explore the ways in which residents carried on, experienced and adapted their activities during the pandemic. An action research study, conducted in cooperation with a community partner, involved nineteen residents who participated in semi-structured interviews inspired by an occupation focused health promotion model. Qualitative data obtained was analyzed using thematic and cross-case analyses. Two thirds of the sample reported a high level of change in their daily routine. The need to connect with others and to live moments of pleasure and joy were the least satisfying dimensions of experience while performing their activities, which was not surprising. Three occupational adaptation profiles were identified based on the residents' perception of changes in routine and their degree of satisfaction with time spent in the different dimensions of experience. Among strategies and resources reported for overcoming the impact of the pandemic on their daily lives, having a supportive social network, access to communication technologies and a positive attitude seemed to be key to residents' successful occupational adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginette Aubin
- Occupational Therapy Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Lyson Marcoux
- Occupational Therapy Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Nadine Larivière
- Occupational Therapy Program, Rehabilitation School, Medical and Health Sciences Faculty, Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Michèle Lord
- Occupational Therapy Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah-Maude Thibault
- Occupational Therapy Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Corinne Langlois
- Occupational Therapy Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Andréanne Lefebvre
- Occupational Therapy Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
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Yun J, Yao W, Meng T, Mu Z. Effects of horticultural therapy on health in the elderly: A review and meta-analysis. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-27. [PMID: 37361284 PMCID: PMC10240129 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01938-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Aim Given the current aging population, the demand on medical facilities, facilities for elderly care, and even their high prevalence, it is crucial to investigate the advantages of older people. The purpose of our study was to systematically review the existing literature on the health effects of horticultural therapy as a treatment option for the elderly. Subject and methods Article searches were conducted through five databases: Web of science, Science Direct, PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar, according to the standard method of systematic evaluation and meta-analysis. Thirty-two published articles were included, and 27 relevant variables were meta-analyzed to assess the benefits of horticultural therapy in terms of physical and psychological functioning in the elderly. Results Results show that horticultural therapy may be helpful in helping seniors lose weight -0.195 (95% CI -0.507,0.117), reduce their waist circumference -0.327 (95% CI -0.637, -0.017), lower their stress -0.339 (95% CI -0.610, -0.069) and cortisol -0.902 (95% CI -0.728, -0.002) levels, improve their physical flexibility 0.302 (95% CI 0.036, 0.569), social interaction 0.370, (95% CI 0.115, 0.624), and daily vegetables and fruit consumption 0.688 (95% CI: 0.287, 1.089). Conclusion Horticultural therapy may be a useful tool for enhancing the physical, mental and social aspects of the elderly. However, there is substantial heterogeneity and wide variation in the quality of the included studies. Further high-quality studies, rigorous controls and adjustments for significant confounding variables, and larger populations are needed in the future to further our understanding of the link between horticultural therapy and elder health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01938-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Yun
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Yao
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Meng
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Mu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 People’s Republic of China
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17
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Booker SQ, Sowicz TJ, Knisely MR, Saravanan A, Bai J, St Marie B. Original Research: The Impact of COVID-19 on Pain Care Among Older Adults. Am J Nurs 2023; 123:26-36. [PMID: 37166166 DOI: 10.1097/01.naj.0000937180.48669.ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this qualitative descriptive study, we sought to understand the professional experiences and perceptions of pain management nurses who cared for older adults in the United States during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Data were collected between July 2020 and July 2021 through individual, semistructured interviews with a nonprobability sample of 18 pain management nurses. An inductive content analysis approach, in which categories were derived from a coding process based on a close reading of data extracts from the interview transcripts, was used to reveal the major theme related to the study aim. RESULTS Notwithstanding the variable consequences of COVID-19 on patients' health, a single overarching theme was pronounced: "Pain management for older adults remained unchanged during the pandemic despite unpredictable survival, restrictions on human interactions, and communication challenges." This theme was supported by four categories that emerged from the data: unpredictable survival, restriction-induced isolation, perceived continuity and equality of pain management, and communication challenges. CONCLUSIONS During the COVID-19 pandemic, pain management nurses stepped in and joined interdisciplinary teams providing general and specialized pain care to ensure that older adults, whether inpatient or outpatient, continued to receive quality care. These study findings highlight the many challenges pain management nurses faced during this unprecedented public health crisis, as well as opportunities to improve the health system and enhance nursing practice to meet the needs of older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Staja Q Booker
- Staja Q. Booker is an assistant professor at the University of Florida College of Nursing in Gainesville. Timothy Joseph Sowicz is an assistant professor at the University of Arizona College of Nursing in Tucson. Mitchell R. Knisely is an associate professor at the Duke University School of Nursing in Durham, NC. Anitha Saravanan is an assistant professor at Northern Illinois University School of Nursing and Health Studies in DeKalb. Jinbing Bai is an assistant professor at the Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing in Atlanta. Barbara St. Marie is an associate professor at the University of Iowa College of Nursing in Iowa City. Contact author: Staja Q. Booker, . The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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18
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Lalani N, Dongjuan X, Cai Y, Arling GW. Structural equation model of coping and life satisfaction of community-dwelling older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2023; 7:46. [PMID: 37195441 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-023-00583-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 put older individuals at high risk for morbidity and mortality, isolation, reduced coping, and lower satisfaction with life. Many older adults experienced social isolation, fear, and anxiety. We hypothesized that successful coping with these stressors would maintain or improve satisfaction with life, a crucial psychological outcome during the pandemic. Our study investigated relationships between older people's coping and life satisfaction during the pandemic and their optimism, sense of mastery, closeness with spouse, family, and friends, and vulnerabilities from frailty, comorbid diseases, memory problems, and dependencies in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). METHODS The study was based on a special COVID-19 sample of 1351 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the 2020 Health and Retirement Survey. A comprehensive structural equation modeling was used to test direct and indirect effects, with life satisfaction as the main outcome and coping as a mediator between the other variables and coping. RESULTS Most survey respondents were female and between the ages of 65-74 years. They averaged 1.7 chronic conditions, one in seven was frail, about one-third rated their memory as fair or poor, and about one in seven reported one or more difficulties in IADL. As hypothesized-older people with increased sense of mastery and optimism were better able to cope and had greater life satisfaction. In addition, close relationships with friends and with other family members besides the spouse/partner or children contributed to more successful coping, while the interpersonal closeness of all types contributed directly to greater life satisfaction. Finally, older people with more IADL limitations reported greater difficulty coping and lower life satisfaction, and those older people who were frail or had multiple comorbid diseases reported lower life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Optimism, sense of mastery and closeness with family/friends promotes coping and life satisfaction, whereas frailty and comorbidities make coping more challenging and lead to lower life satisfaction particularly during a pandemic. Our study improves on prior research because of its nationally representative sample and formal specification and testing of a comprehensive theoretical framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasreen Lalani
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Center of Aging and Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Xu Dongjuan
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Center of Aging and Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yun Cai
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Center of Aging and Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Greg W Arling
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Center of Aging and Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Griffin T, Grey E, Lambert J, Gillison F, Townsend N, Solomon-Moore E. Life in lockdown: a qualitative study exploring the experience of living through the initial COVID-19 lockdown in the UK and its impact on diet, physical activity and mental health. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:588. [PMID: 36991457 PMCID: PMC10052307 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the UK imposed a national lockdown prompting change to daily routines. Among behaviours impacted by the lockdown, diet and physical activity may be particularly important due to their association with mental health and physical health. The aim of this study was to explore people's experiences of how lockdown impacted their physical activity, dietary behaviours and mental health, with a view to informing public health promotion. METHODS This phenomenological qualitative study used semi-structured telephone interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted, guided by the Framework Approach. RESULTS Forty participants (28 female) completed an interview (mean duration: 36 min) between May and July 2020. The overarching themes identified were (i) Disruption (loss of routines, social interaction and cues to physical activity) and (ii) Adaptation (structuring the day, accessing the outdoor environment, finding new ways for social support). The disruption to daily routines altered people's cues for physical activity and eating; some participants spoke of comfort eating and increased alcohol intake in the early days of lockdown, and how they consciously tried to change these when restrictions lasted longer than first anticipated. Others spoke of adapting to the restrictions using food preparation and meals to provide both routine and social time for families. Disruptions from the closure of workplaces resulted in flexible working times for some, allowing for physical activity to be built into the day. In later stages of restrictions, physical activity became an opportunity for social interaction and several participants reported intending to continue to replace sedentary means of socialising (e.g., meeting in cafes) with more active, outdoor activities (e.g., walking) once restrictions were lifted. Staying active and building activity into the day was seen as important to support physical and mental health during the challenging times of the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Whilst many participants found the UK lockdown challenging, adaptations to cope with the restrictions presented some positive changes related to physical activity and diet behaviours. Helping people sustain their new healthier activities since restrictions have lifted is a challenge but presents an opportunity for public health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Griffin
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
| | - Elisabeth Grey
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey Lambert
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Gillison
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Townsend
- School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Rd, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Solomon-Moore
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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Umgang mit subjektiv erlebten Coronarisiken: Sichtweisen junger chronisch kranker Erwachsener. PRA¨VENTION UND GESUNDHEITSFO¨RDERUNG 2023. [PMCID: PMC10022562 DOI: 10.1007/s11553-023-01020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Hintergrund Junge Erwachsene mit chronischen Erkrankungen gelten als Gruppe, die durch Corona gefährdet ist. Ob und wie die Betroffenen sich zu schützen versuchen, welche Risikowahrnehmungen sie verdeutlichen und wie der Lockdown erlebt wird, dazu mangelt es an Erkenntnissen primär im deutschen Sprachraum. Ziele und Fragestellung Im Beitrag wird analysiert, welches Coronaschutzverhalten junge chronisch kranke Erwachsene berichten, welche Risikowahrnehmungen sie aufweisen und wie sie den Lockdown erleben. Material und Methoden Mit n = 59 jungen Erwachsenen (häufig Studierende oder Auszubildende), die von Typ‑1-Diabetes (n = 16), Krebs (n = 18), chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen (n = 21) oder von bestimmten seltenen, komplexen Erkrankungen (n = 4) betroffen sind, wurden episodische Interviews geführt. Die Datenauswertung erfolgt mittels thematischen Kodierens. Ergebnisse Wenige Befragte meinen, durch Corona kaum persönlich gefährdet zu sein, so dass auch Schutzmaßnahmen wie Impfungen sekundär sind. Die meisten Interviewten jedoch berücksichtigen Schutzmaßnahmen penibel. Sie können sich hierzu entweder verpflichtet fühlen, um z. B. andere vulnerable Personen zu schützen, oder sie erleben sich als sehr anfällig für schwere Coronainfektionen. Ungeachtet von erlebten Einschränkungen im Lockdown ist dieser für viele Interviewte auch mit neuen Möglichkeiten verbunden. Online-Formate erleichtern ihnen, Studium/Ausbildung trotz chronischer Erkrankung fortzusetzen und Kontakte mit Freund*innen zu halten. Schlussfolgerung Coronarisikowahrnehmungen und Schutzverhalten junger chronisch kranker Erwachsener sollten in ihrem subjektiven Sinn verstärkt in der Versorgung und Begleitung dieser Zielgruppen berücksichtigt werden. Hybride Lehre sollte über den Lockdown hinaus beibehalten werden, damit die jungen Erwachsenen trotz ihrer chronischen Erkrankung sozial teilhaben können und zugleich vor Corona- und weiteren Infektionen geschützt sind.
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Sugita S, Hata K, Takamatsu N, Kimura K, Gonzalez L, Kodaiarasu K, Miller C, Umemoto I, Murayama K, Nakao T, Kito S, Ito M, Kuga H. Psychological treatments for the mental health symptoms among individuals infected with COVID-19: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069386. [PMID: 36863745 PMCID: PMC9990159 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health symptoms such as depression, anxiety and sleep problems are commonly observed in individuals suffering from acute COVID-19 infection to post-COVID-19 syndrome. Studies have provided preliminary evidence for the efficacies of cognitive behavioural therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, acceptance and commitment therapy, and many other treatments for this population. Although there have been attempts to synthesise the literature on these psychological interventions, previous reviews have been limited in terms of the sources, symptoms and interventions that they included. Furthermore, most studies reviewed were conducted in early 2020, when COVID-19 had only recently been classified as a global pandemic. Since then, substantial research has been conducted. As such, we sought to provide an updated synthesis of the available evidence of treatments for the range of mental health symptoms associated with COVID-19. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This scoping review protocol was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. Systematic searches were carried out on scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Scopus) and clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, EU Clinical Trials Register and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) to identify studies that have or will assess the efficacy or any aspects of psychological treatment for acute to post-COVID-19 syndrome. The search was conducted on 14 October 2022 and identified 17 855 potentially eligible sources/studies published since 1 January 2020 (duplicates removed). Six investigators will independently carry out titles and abstract screening, full-text screening and data charting and the results will be summarised using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required for this review. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal, conference presentations and/or academic newspapers. This scoping review has been registered with Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/wvr5t).
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Affiliation(s)
- So Sugita
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Kotone Hata
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Takamatsu
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kimura
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | | | - Krandhasi Kodaiarasu
- Simches Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ikue Umemoto
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Keitaro Murayama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Kito
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Masaya Ito
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Hironori Kuga
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
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Lo SKL, Liu JYW, Cheung DSK, Yin YH, Ng SY, P K Kor P, Yang L, Chan SK, Kwan RYC, Lee PH, Chiang VCL. "How are You Doing?" on the Healthy Aging of the Community-Dwelling Oldest-Old in the Shadow of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Res Aging 2023; 45:280-290. [PMID: 35584553 PMCID: PMC9118004 DOI: 10.1177/01640275221100949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Globally, the oldest-old population is growing rapidly. Little is known about the perceived well-being of the community-dwelling oldest-old, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the oldest-old's perceptions of aging well and the COVID-related impacts on them. METHODS Semi-structured in-depth interviews with 22 adults aged 85 or above were conducted with purposive sampling methods. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Four main themes emerged: 1) sustaining functional ability; 2) staying active with a positive attitude; 3) feeling grateful for support from society and family; 4) COVID-19-related anxieties and policies destabilizing their well-being. DISCUSSION This study provides direct evidence from the oldest-old on how they maintained their well-being. While they valued support from society and family, COVID-19-related measures disturbed their routines and prevented them from self-attaining well-being. The findings should be considered when developing interventions for this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley K L Lo
- Centre for Gerontological Nursing, School of Nursing, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Justina Y W Liu
- Centre for Gerontological Nursing, School of Nursing, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daphne S K Cheung
- Centre for Gerontological Nursing, School of Nursing, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yue-Heng Yin
- Centre for Gerontological Nursing, School of Nursing, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siu Ying Ng
- Social Services Secretary, Sik Sik Yuen, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrick P K Kor
- Centre for Gerontological Nursing, School of Nursing, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Nursing, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siu Kay Chan
- Social Services Secretary, Sik Sik Yuen, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rick Y C Kwan
- Centre for Gerontological Nursing, School of Nursing, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul H Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, 4488University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Vico C L Chiang
- School of Nursing, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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23
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Psychosocial changes during COVID-19 lockdown on nursing home residents, their relatives and clinical staff: a prospective observational study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:71. [PMID: 36737683 PMCID: PMC9897885 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous works have observed an increase of depression and other psychological disorders on nursing home residents as a consequence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown; however, there are few studies that have performed a comprehensive evaluation of all people involved in nursing homes environment. The objective of the work was to analyse the impact of lockdown on psychosocial factors of nursing home residents, relatives and clinical staff and how these variables have influenced residents' survival. METHODS A prospective study was designed. Evaluations were performed at three different times: a) at the beginning of Spanish confinement, in March 2020; b) just before the second wave of the pandemic, with relaxation of security measures but in lockdown, and c) in January-February 2021, at the end of the second wave, when visits were already allowed. The study was conducted on three different nursing homes. Three hundred and one residents, 119 clinical staff and 51 relatives took part in the study. Anxiety and depression were evaluated in all participants. A scale on the meaning of suffering was also performed. In addition, burnout status was also determined in the clinical staff. RESULTS All participants showed lower depression during lockdown, while at the beginning and at the end of the confinement, these values were significantly increased. In residents, these changes were dependent of cognitive status (p = 0.012). Anxiety was significantly higher in residents. The evolution of anxiety was similar than with depression, with lower values during confinement, although clinical staff showed higher anxiety levels at the beginning. The feeling of suffering was significantly lower in the clinical staff than in resident and relative groups. Residents' survival was dependent of cognitive status (p = 0.018) and voluntary confinement (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS During the first COVID-19 lockdown, psychological wellbeing of residents cared in nursing homes, their relatives and staff did not seem to be seriously affected. Previous mental health in relatives and staff together with a resilient approach to the adversity might partly be protecting factors. The lack of consequences on residents' anxiety, depression and perception of social support may reflect the special attention and care they received. Finally, as in the current study only data of the first two COVID-19 waves were analysed, its findings might be partly generalized to all the pandemic.
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24
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Ooi L, Paul E, Burton A, Fancourt D, McKinlay AR. A qualitative study of positive psychological experiences and helpful coping behaviours among young people and older adults in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279205. [PMID: 36689484 PMCID: PMC9870142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
While much research has focused on challenges that younger and older people have faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, little attention has been given to the capacity for resilience among these groups. We therefore explored positive psychological experiences and coping behaviours that protected mental health and well-being. Participants were 40 young people (aged 13-24) and 28 older adults (aged 70+) living in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews were held between May 2020 and January 2021. We generated six themes using qualitative thematic analysis, including: engagement in self-fulfilling activities, increased sense of social cohesion, personal growth, use of problem-focused strategies to manage pandemic-related stressors, giving and receiving social and community support, and utilising strategies to regulate thoughts and emotions. While all six themes were relevant both to younger and older adults, there were nuances in how each was experienced and enacted. For example, many older adults adjusted their routines given worries about virus vulnerability, while some young people experienced greater personal growth amidst increased awareness of mental health as they navigated the various lockdown restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyann Ooi
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elise Paul
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Burton
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison R. McKinlay
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Living with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights into identity from the IDEAL cohort. AGEING & SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x22001350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The continuing COVID-19 pandemic and social restrictions have impacted on the cognitive decline and mental health of people with dementia. Social isolation and loss of activities due to social restrictions may also have implications as to sense of identity for people with dementia. As part of the INCLUDE (Identifying and Mitigating the Individual and Dyadic Impact of COVID-19 and Life Under Physical Distancing on People with Dementia and Carers) component of the IDEAL (Improving the Experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life) cohort study, the overall aim of this subtle realist qualitative study was to explore the perspectives of people with dementia on living through the COVID-19 pandemic within the context of the ‘post-vaccine’ period and the national lockdowns in England and Wales; and to determine perceived challenges to and facilitators of ‘living well’ during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond as restrictions were eased. In addition, the study findings are considered in relation to understandings of identity in dementia which the broader accounts of living through the pandemic have highlighted. Seven people with mild-to-moderate dementia were interviewed and themes were derived using framework analysis. Themes suggest interviewees' stoic acceptance of the pandemic and social restrictions but also fear of decline related to the temporality of their condition as well as loss of self-confidence to re-engage with the world. Interviewees managed threats to social identity by striving to maintain social and emotional connections, where the importance of a shared, social identity, particularly for people with young-onset dementia, was also apparent. Unlike in previous studies during the pandemic, the relevance of occupation for identity was observed, where maintaining previous or new activities or occupations was important to facilitate identity as well as to keep a sense of purpose. Therefore, as well as supporting people with dementia as the pandemic eases, future research into occupation and identity in dementia is of potential value.
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26
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Morrison BA, Nicholson J, Wood B, Briggs P. Life after lockdown: The experiences of older adults in a contactless digital world. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1100521. [PMID: 36710727 PMCID: PMC9880547 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The digital response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and its effects on the lives of older adults has been well-documented, but less is known about how they experienced the post-lockdown re-emergence into a relatively contactless digital society. Methods We report the findings from a qualitative survey (n = 93) and subsequent interviews (n = 9) with older adults aged 50+, where they describe their struggles with some of the newly implemented digital interactions. These struggles cover a range of settings but include using contactless payments, QR codes and apps to facilitate transactions in cafes, bars, and restaurants. Results A thematic analysis of our data revealed the intrinsic (e.g. digital literacy) and extrinsic (e.g. malfunctioning technology) factors that limited social inclusion for these participants, and that sometimes even led to moments of public humiliation. Discussion Our findings shed light on some of the motivational factors that underpin the age-related digital divide, whilst also highlighting the role of self-directed agism in limiting motivations to learn new digital routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. Morrison
- Psychology and Communication Technology Lab, Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Benjamin A. Morrison, ✉
| | - James Nicholson
- Psychology and Communication Technology Lab, Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Becca Wood
- School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Pam Briggs
- Psychology and Communication Technology Lab, Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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27
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Nwosu C, Ward KD. Comment on Alharbi et al. Adoption of Health Mobile Apps during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Health Belief Model Approach. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4179. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16846. [PMID: 36554725 PMCID: PMC9778914 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alharbi and colleagues' article, "Adoption of health mobile apps during the COVID-19 lockdown: a Health Belief Model approach", was interesting, well-written, and informative [...].
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28
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Wong KKY, Loke K, Melville KMKL. Reflections, resilience and recovery: a qualitative study of Covid-19's impact on an international adult population's mental health and priorities for support. UCL OPEN ENVIRONMENT 2022; 4:e041. [PMID: 37228465 PMCID: PMC10208347 DOI: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The impact of the coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic on different countries and populations is well documented in quantitative studies, with some studies showing stable mental health symptoms and others showing fluctuating symptoms. However, the reasons behind why some symptoms are stable and others change are under-explored, which in turn makes identifying the types of support needed by participants themselves challenging. To address these gaps, this study thematically analysed 925 qualitative responses from five open-ended responses collected in the UCL-Penn Global COVID Study between 17 April and 31 July 2021 (Wave 3). Three key themes that comprised 13 codes were reported by participants across countries and ages regarding the impact of Covid-19 on their health, both mental and physical, and livelihoods. These include: (1) Outlook on self/life, (2) Self-improvement, and (3) Loved ones (friends and family). In terms of support, while 2.91% did not require additional support, 91% wanted support beyond financial support. Other unexpected new themes were also discussed regarding vulnerable populations suffering disproportionately. The pandemic has brought into sharp focus various changes in people's mental health, physical health and relationships. Greater policy considerations should be given to supporting citizens' continued access to mental health when considering pandemic recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri Ka-Yee Wong
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kimberly Loke
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kyleigh Marie Kai-Li Melville
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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29
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Tur-Sinai A, Bentur N, Lamura G. Perceived deterioration in health status among older adults in Europe and Israel following the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Ageing 2022; 19:1243-1250. [PMID: 36692751 PMCID: PMC9023330 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-022-00705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created challenges in providing medical care for people with health conditions other than COVID-19. The study aims to assess the prevalence of older adults' reportage of decline in health relative to pre-pandemic and to identify its determinants. The study is based on the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data collected during the pandemic. It comprised 51,778 people in twenty-seven European countries and Israel. Participants were asked about changes in their health status relative to pre-pandemic. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with worsening of health. Nine percent of people (average age 70 years) reported a worsening of health relative to pre-pandemic. A logistic regression revealed a significant relation of the probability of a downturn in health to forgoing, postponing, or being denied an appointment for medical care. Multiple chronic illnesses, developing COVID-19, having at least one form of psychosocial distress, higher age, and lower economic capacity were also found significantly related to the probability of a decline in health. Older adults' comprehensive health needs must be addressed even when healthcare services are under strain due to pandemic outbreaks. Policymakers should attend to the healthcare needs of people whose vulnerability to the pandemic is amplified by chronic health conditions and low socioeconomic status. Public healthcare systems may experience a massive rebound of demand for health care, a challenge that should be mitigated by delivery of healthcare services and the provision of the financial resources that they need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Tur-Sinai
- Department of Health Systems Management, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, 1930600 Yezreel Valley, Israel.,School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642-8404 USA
| | - Netta Bentur
- The Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Giovanni Lamura
- INRCA IRCCS-National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing, Centre for Socio-Economic Research On Ageing, 60124 Ancona, Italy
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30
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Lasseter G, Compston P, Robin C, Lambert H, Hickman M, Denford S, Reynolds R, Zhang J, Cai S, Zhang T, Smith LE, Rubin GJ, Yardley L, Amlôt R, Oliver I. Exploring the impact of shielding advice on the wellbeing of individuals identified as clinically extremely vulnerable amid the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods evaluation. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2145. [PMID: 36418978 PMCID: PMC9685010 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The national shielding programme was introduced by UK Government at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, with individuals identified as clinically extremely vulnerable (CEV) offered advice and support to stay at home and avoid all non-essential contact. This study aimed to explore the impact and responses of "shielding" on the health and wellbeing of CEV individuals in Southwest England during the first COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS A two-stage mixed methods study, including a structured survey (7 August-23 October 2020) and semi-structured telephone interviews (26 August-30 September 2020) with a sample of individuals who had been identified as CEV and advised to "shield" by Bristol, North Somerset & South Gloucestershire (BNSSG) Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG). RESULTS The survey was completed by 203 people (57% female, 54% > 69 years, 94% White British, 64% retired) in Southwest England identified as CEV by BNSSG CCG. Thirteen survey respondents participated in follow-up interviews (53% female, 40% > 69 years, 100% White British, 61% retired). Receipt of 'official' communication from NHS England or General Practitioner (GP) was considered by participants as the legitimate start of shielding. 80% of survey responders felt they received all relevant advice needed to shield, yet interviewees criticised the timing of advice and often sought supplementary information. Shielding behaviours were nuanced, adapted to suit personal circumstances, and waned over time. Few interviewees received community support, although food boxes and informal social support were obtained by some. Worrying about COVID-19 was common for survey responders (90%). Since shielding had begun, physical and mental health reportedly worsened for 35% and 42% of survey responders respectively. 21% of survey responders scored ≥ 10 on the PHQ-9 questionnaire indicating possible depression and 15% scored ≥ 10 on the GAD-7 questionnaire indicating possible anxiety. CONCLUSIONS This research highlights the difficulties in providing generic messaging that is applicable and appropriate given the diversity of individuals identified as CEV and the importance of sharing tailored and timely advice to inform shielding decisions. Providing messages that reinforce self-determined action and assistance from support services could reduce the negative impact of shielding on mental health and feelings of social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Lasseter
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
| | - Polly Compston
- grid.515304.60000 0005 0421 4601Field Epidemiology Service, UK Health Security Agency, Cambridge, UK
| | - Charlotte Robin
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK ,grid.515304.60000 0005 0421 4601Field Epidemiology, Field Service, National Infection Service, UK Health Security Agency, Liverpool, UK ,grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK ,grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Helen Lambert
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
| | - Matthew Hickman
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
| | - Sarah Denford
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rosy Reynolds
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
| | - Juan Zhang
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Shenghan Cai
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tingting Zhang
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Louise E. Smith
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychological Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - G James Rubin
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Psychological Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy Yardley
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5491.90000 0004 1936 9297Psychology Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Richard Amlôt
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK ,grid.515304.60000 0005 0421 4601Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK
| | - Isabel Oliver
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK ,grid.515304.60000 0005 0421 4601Field Epidemiology Service, UK Health Security Agency, Cambridge, UK
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Cruz Piñeiro R, Ibarra CS. A narrative-based approach to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of stranded immigrants in four border cities in Mexico. Front Public Health 2022; 10:982389. [PMID: 36438232 PMCID: PMC9682118 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.982389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This paper describes the impact that the different COVID-19 related restrictions have had on the mental health and wellbeing of 57 Central American and Caribbean immigrants stranded in Mexico due to the pandemic. Methods Ethnographic data was obtained through the application of in-depth interviews centered on topics such as migration history, personal experience with COVID-19 and beliefs about the pandemic. This information was further analyzed through a narrative approach and Atlas Ti. Main findings US Title 42 and the Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) have stranded thousands of individuals in the US-Mexico border region, a situation that has overcrowded the available shelters in the area and forced many of the immigrants to live on the streets and in improvised encampments. Thus, exposing them to a higher risk of contagion. Furthermore, the majority of the interviewed Central American and Caribbean immigrants consider that Mexico is more lenient when it comes to the enforcement of sanitary measures, especially when compared to their countries of origin. Finally, vaccination hesitancy was low among the interviewees, mainly due to the operative aspects of the vaccination effort in Mexico and the fear of ruining their chances to attain asylum in the US. These findings are backed up by the discovery of five recurring narratives among the interviewees regarding: (1) The pandemic's psychological impact. (2) The uncertainty of being stranded in Mexico and the long wait. (3) Their fear of violence over the fear of contagion. (4) The perceived leniency of Mexico with the pandemic when compared to their countries of origin, and (5) their beliefs about the pandemic and vaccines. Key finding The mental health of stranded Central American and Caribbean immigrants in Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic is mostly affected by their inability to make it across the US-Mexico border using legal means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Cruz Piñeiro
- Population Studies Department, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana, Mexico,*Correspondence: Rodolfo Cruz Piñeiro
| | - Carlos S. Ibarra
- El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana, Mexico,Carlos S. Ibarra
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32
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McBride-Henry K, Roguski M, Miller C, Van Wissen K, Saravanakumar P. Re-orientating health and nursing care: a qualitative study on indigenous conceptualisations of wellbeing. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:294. [PMID: 36324117 PMCID: PMC9628117 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-01063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health systems often fail to address the wellbeing needs of older Indigenous populations; this is attributed to a lack of knowledge of Indigenous health systems arising from a privileging of dominant western biomedical epistemologies. In Aotearoa/New Zealand, there is a dearth of nursing knowledge relating to Māori, which negatively impacts on the provision of holistic nursing care. This research explores insights and perspectives of older Māori adult's (pakeke) perceptions of wellbeing so nurses can provide culturally responsive care and support the wellbeing of Indigenous New Zealanders. METHODS An Indigenous kaupapa Māori methodology underpinned and directed this research project. Audio-recorded interviews were conducted face to face in participants' homes, marae (meeting house) and workplaces. Pakeke over the age of 55 participated in in-depth interviews. A total of 10 pakeke were interviewed and narratives were thematically analysed in accordance with meanings derived from Māori worldviews. RESULTS Wellbeing was attributed to the holistic interconnection and balancing of whānau (wider family), whanaungatanga (social connectedness), hinengaro (mental and emotional wellbeing), taha tinana (physical wellbeing) and wairua (spirituality). CONCLUSION The findings offer unique insights into how wellbeing is constructed for pakeke; the results are unique but consistent with international accounts of older Indigenous peoples. Pakeke wellbeing can be supported by acknowledging existing cultural and spiritual beliefs and peer-support initiatives. Nursing models of care should prioritise Indigenous ways of knowing; this research offers nursing-focused recommendations to improve care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen McBride-Henry
- grid.267827.e0000 0001 2292 3111School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Charissa Miller
- grid.267827.e0000 0001 2292 3111School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Kim Van Wissen
- grid.267827.e0000 0001 2292 3111School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Padmapriya Saravanakumar
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611School of Nursing & Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
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Guzman V, O'Dwyer P, Doyle F, Pertl M, Foley R, Morsch P, Alvarez D, Vega E. A scoping review protocol of age-friendly practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. HRB Open Res 2022; 5:64. [DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13619.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Actions focused on age-friendly environments contribute to promote and maintain older people’s functional ability and may enable them to contribute to their communities and enjoy life. As such, age-friendly practices require collaboration between diverse stakeholders across multiple sectors responsible for natural, built, and social environments, which can be particularly relevant during public health emergencies when socio-ecological vulnerabilities become more salient and may disproportionally affect older people. This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review aiming to investigate the breadth of evidence concerning the development, implementation, and evaluation of age-friendly practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. The protocol sets out the objectives, methods, and dissemination plans for the review. Methods: The scoping review will be conducted in line with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology. We will search databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsychNet) and grey literature sources. Publications relating to practices across the 8 domains of the World Health Organization’s age-friendly cities and communities’ framework will be included. A tabular data extraction tool will be used to facilitate a narrative synthesis of results. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required as the methods proposed for this scoping review consist of collecting publicly available data. Findings will be reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and submitted to a journal for academic dissemination. Lay dissemination plans include an infographic and a blog-style article presenting our core results. Conclusion: The publication of this protocol allows for transparency in the systematic process of a scoping review focused on age-friendly practices during COVID-19. Findings emerging from the scoping review will provide insights into the evidence available regarding age-friendly activities during COVID-19 and may inform future age-friendly practices during public health emergencies and beyond.
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Malhotra V, Sampath A, Javed D, Bharshankar R, Mishra S, Singh V, Singh D, Kulkarni A, Gautam N, Rastogi R. Yoga as an Escape from Depreciating Mental Health due to COVID 19: A Qualitative study analyzing the factors associated with mental status based on the experiences of geriatric population's participation in an Online program during COVID 19 lockdown in India. Int J Yoga 2022; 15:230-239. [PMID: 36949835 PMCID: PMC10026333 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_121_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has left an array of direct physical consequences unevenly on the elderly apart from leaving a wide range of indirect consequences of mental health problems on them. This study aims to understand the effect of a Yoga-Meditation based mobile phone application intervention to reduce the duress by mental health issues via a qualitative analysis. Methods A phenomenological qualitative succession of an explanatory sequential design of a prior quantitative study followed by a Yoga-Meditation mobile phone based intervention, where 30 participants who had mild or moderate Depression, Anxiety or Stress as assessed by DASS-21 were chosen by random sampling and were asked to take part in an interview. The interview was transcribed, coded, patterns identified and themes were created to understand the perceptions. Results Three major schools of thought were identified and explored to understand the general perception of Mental health, COVID-19 and the intervention: a) Knowledge Axis patterns of COVID-19, which included their prior knowledge about the disease, its consequences and their cues to action based on those beliefs, b) Mental Health and Strategies to Positivity, involves all their actions to promote, restore or propagate a positive mental attitude from religious activities to physical activities and c) Application related thoughts, involved their perceptions of the app, the barriers to use and suggestions to improve. Conclusion This study gave deeper insight into the schools of thought which will be important in designing future interventions and yoga-meditation based programs in the future, essentially for geriatric populations as it serves as a feasible simple measure for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Malhotra
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ananyan Sampath
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Danish Javed
- Department of AYUSH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rajay Bharshankar
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Mishra
- Department of AYUSH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vijender Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Dibyanshu Singh
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deogarh, Rajasthan, India
| | - Avani Kulkarni
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Namita Gautam
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rimjhim Rastogi
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Mak HW, Bu F, Fancourt D. Comparisons of home-based arts engagement across three national lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic in England. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273829. [PMID: 36044522 PMCID: PMC9432750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Between March 2020 and March 2021, the United Kingdom (UK) experienced three lockdowns due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the evident association between arts engagement and wellbeing, this study was designed to compare the predictors and patterns of home-based arts engagement during these lockdowns. Data analysed in this study were from the UK COVID-19 Social Study run by University College London. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify predictors of arts engagement and compare (i) respondents’ engagement levels during the first lockdown in April/May 2020 and their levels in pre-pandemic times (N = 23,086), (ii) their engagement levels during the second lockdown in November/December 2020 with their levels during the first lockdown (N = 11,481), and (iii) their engagement levels during the third lockdown in January/February 2021 with their levels during the first lockdown (N = 13,270). During first lockdown, 1 in 4 increased their arts engagement and 1 in 6 decreased it. Of those who increased, 2 in 5 maintained or further increased their engagement in subsequent lockdowns, but just 7% of those who had decreased their engagement increased it. Younger adults (aged 18–29) showed initial increases in first lockdown, whilst people who were not employed and those with a physical health condition showed decreases and people with a mental health condition showed changes during the first lockdown (both increases and decreases). Females and people with higher education showed continuous changes across the three lockdowns, with women being more likely to increase their engagement and those with higher education being less likely to decrease. People of ethnic minorities and those with higher income declined their engagement in the third lockdown. This study provides insight into levels of arts engagement across the three national lockdowns in the UK and suggests that the pandemic may have affected long-term cultural behaviours for some groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Wan Mak
- Department of Behavioral Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Feifei Bu
- Department of Behavioral Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioral Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, United Kingdom
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Gazibara T, Maksimovic N, Dotlic J, Jeremic Stojkovic V, Cvjetkovic S, Milic M. Experiences and aftermath of the COVID-19 lockdown among community-dwelling older people in Serbia: A qualitative study. J Eval Clin Pract 2022; 28:631-640. [PMID: 34843147 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND AIM At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, the Serbian government instituted a 24-h curfew for people aged ≥65 years for 2 months. The aim of this study was to examine the experiences and perceptions of curfew for older people in Serbia 15 months after the curfew had ended. METHODS In-depth interviews were carried out with 23 older adults from urban areas in Serbia. We identified the first three participants, while others were selected using the snowballing method. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and data were analyzed according to guidelines for qualitative studies. RESULTS Six topics emerged: (1) perception of the curfew announcement; (2) attitude toward the curfew; (3) organization of daily living; (4) mood; (5) frustrations/limitations and 6) making sense of the curfew 15 months after. Older people in this study overall remember not feeling disturbed by the curfew because they perceived it as prevention, especially because this population group is considered to have the highest rate of mortality from COVID-19. Some people remember being extremely frustrated because of the restrictions and considered them unnecessary. Most people remembered that the lack of social interactions and lack of physical activity were the most difficult to cope with. CONCLUSIONS Although challenging and bothersome, the majority of older people in this study accepted the curfew as an appropriate measure to avoid catching the virus and combat the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Gazibara
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Maksimovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dotlic
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Smiljana Cvjetkovic
- Department of Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Milic
- Department of Immunization, Institute of Public Health of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina Temporarily Seated in Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovo, Serbia
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Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159169. [PMID: 35954538 PMCID: PMC9367830 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative data show that physical activity (PA) reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, with differential impacts across demographic groups. Qualitative research is limited; thus, this study aimed to understand barriers and facilitators to PA during the pandemic, focusing on groups more likely to have been affected by restrictions, and to map these onto the capability, opportunity, motivation model of behaviour (COM-B). One-to-one interviews were conducted with younger (aged 18–24) and older adults (aged 70+), those with long-term physical or mental health conditions, and parents of young children. Themes were identified using reflexive thematic analysis and were mapped onto COM-B domains. A total of 116 participants contributed (aged 18–93, 61% female, 71% White British). Key themes were the importance of the outdoor environment, impact of COVID-19 restrictions, fear of contracting COVID-19, and level of engagement with home exercise. Caring responsibilities and conflicting priorities were a barrier. PA as a method of socialising, establishing new routines, and the importance of PA for protecting mental health were motivators. Most themes mapped onto the physical opportunity (environmental factors) and reflective motivation (evaluations/plans) COM-B domains. Future interventions should target these domains during pandemics (e.g., adapting PA guidance depending on location and giving education on the health benefits of PA).
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Wester CT, Bovil T, Scheel-Hincke LL, Ahrenfeldt LJ, Möller S, Andersen-Ranberg K. Longitudinal changes in mental health following the COVID-19 lockdown: Results from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Ann Epidemiol 2022; 74:21-30. [PMID: 35660005 PMCID: PMC9159781 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusion
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Kotzur M, O'Connor RC, Robb KA. How has physical distancing impacted on health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic? A Scottish longitudinal qualitative study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054506. [PMID: 35534078 PMCID: PMC9086282 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study provides an in-depth understanding of the impact of physical distancing restrictions and other quarantining measures during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health and well-being. DESIGN Longitudinal qualitative research using semistructured interviews at two time points (21 May to 10 June 2020 when the first restrictions were eased, and 2 to 26 August 2020 when many restrictions had been eased, but physical distancing measures remained) and framework analysis. SETTING Interviews by telephone or video call in Scotland. PARTICIPANTS Thirty participants: 16 women, 93% reporting white ethnicity, 18+ years, 47% from deprived areas, 47% reported mental and/or physical health conditions. RESULTS Four main themes described the impact of physical distancing restrictions on (1) health behaviours; (2) healthcare access; (3) physical health; and (4) mental health. Changes in impact over the two time points were compared. For example, health behaviours in May/June, such as reduced physical activity and increased calorie intake, appeared to improve by August. From May/June to August, an increasing number of participants expressed dissatisfaction with healthcare they received. Participants with existing physical health conditions reported continued negative impact of restrictions on their physical health. All participants reported some negative mental health impact, mostly anxiety. An increasing number reported mental health improvements in August, with those with mental health conditions or under 30 years reporting improvement most frequently. CONCLUSIONS In line with previous research, our participants felt able to return to prepandemic health habits. Our findings corroborate evidence of reduced preventive healthcare use and help-seeking behaviours. People with existing health conditions appear to be most vulnerable to negative mental and physical health impacts of physical distancing. These negative impacts and periods of unhealthy behaviours have potential long-term consequences, especially among already underserved groups. We recommend public health and policy strategies to mitigate long-term impacts of physical distancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Kotzur
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rory C O'Connor
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kathryn A Robb
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Vancappel A, Aubouin-Bonnaventure J, El-Hage W, Fouquereau E, Réveillère C. Psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. Encephale 2022:S0013-7006(22)00103-8. [PMID: 35725511 PMCID: PMC9108086 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple psychological health problems related to the COVID-19 pandemic among both the general public and health-care workers have been identified in the scientific literature. However, most studies used quantitative methods with scales selected on the basis of the researchers’ pre-established knowledge derived from the experience of other situations and which can therefore induce biases. The dual aim of the present study was to explore qualitatively the perceived psychological consequences of lockdown on members of the general public and the perceived psychological consequences of COVID-19 on health-care workers. We recruited 241 participants from the general public and 120 health-care workers. They consented online to participate and completed open-ended questions evaluating the consequence of the health crisis on their life as a couple, on their friendships, family life, work, studies, psychological health, stress, and vision of the future. Finally, participants were asked to add any further consequences that had not been mentioned. We used double coding to process the data. We identified five main themes among the participants from the general public: improved and maintained social relationships, deterioration of health, improved health, personal growth, and lack of direct social contact. We also identified five main issues among the health-care workers: psychological and emotional impact, adjusting, negative impact on work, worries, and uncertainty about the future. The results confirmed the existence of psychological health problems related to the COVID-19 pandemic. They also highlighted positive consequences. Health-care workers tended to perceive more negative consequences than the participants from the general public.
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McKinlay AR, Fancourt D, Burton A. Factors affecting the mental health of pregnant women using UK maternity services during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:313. [PMID: 35413807 PMCID: PMC9005019 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background People using maternity services in the United Kingdom (UK) have faced significant changes brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing regulations. We focused on the experiences of pregnant women using UK maternity services during the pandemic and the impact of social distancing rules on their mental health and wellbeing. Methods We conducted 23 qualitative semi-structured interviews from June 2020 to August 2021, with women from across the UK who experienced a pregnancy during the pandemic. Nineteen participants in the study carried their pregnancy to term and four had experienced a miscarriage during the pandemic. Interviews took place remotely over video or telephone call, discussing topics such as mental health during pregnancy and use of UK maternity services. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse interview transcripts. Results We generated six higher order themes: [1] Some pregnancy discomforts alleviated by social distancing measures, [2] The importance of relationships that support coping and adjustment, [3] Missed pregnancy and parenthood experiences, [4] The mental health consequences of birth partner and visitor restrictions, [5] Maternity services under pressure, and [6] Lack of connection with staff. Many participants felt a sense of loss over a pregnancy experience that differed so remarkably to what they had expected because of the pandemic. Supportive relationships were important to help cope with pregnancy and pandemic-related changes; but feelings of isolation were compounded for some participants because opportunities to build social connections through face-to-face parent groups were unavailable. Participants also described feeling alone due to restrictions on their partners being present when accessing UK maternity services. Conclusions Our findings highlight some of the changes that may have affected pregnant women’s mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reduced social support and being unable to have a partner or support person present during maternity service use were the greatest concerns reported by participants in this study. Absence of birth partners removed a protective buffer in times of uncertainty and distress. This suggests that the availability of a birth partner or support person must be prioritised wherever possible in times of pandemics to protect the mental health of people experiencing pregnancy and miscarriage. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04602-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R McKinlay
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
| | - D Fancourt
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - A Burton
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
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Droz Mendelzweig M, Bedin MG. The Perimeter of the Home in Old Age: Reflecting on the Sense of Home in a Sheltered Housing Facility During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF AGING AND ENVIRONMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2022.2041144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Droz Mendelzweig
- School of Nursing Sciences
- La Source, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland
- HES-SO, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Grazia Bedin
- School of Nursing Sciences
- La Source, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland
- HES-SO, Lausanne, Switzerland
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The Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19 on Older Adults with Cancer: A Rapid Review. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:589-601. [PMID: 35200553 PMCID: PMC8870801 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Older adults with cancer are amongst the most vulnerable population to be negatively impacted by COVID-19 due to their likelihood of comorbidities and compromised immune status. Considering the longevity of the pandemic, understanding the subjective perceptions and psychosocial concerns of this population may help ameliorate the psychological aftermath. In this review, we systematically analyze the literature surrounding the psychosocial impact and coping strategies among older adults with cancer within the context of COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a rapid review of literature following PRISMA guidelines between January 2020 to August 2021 using (1) MEDLINE, (2) Embase, (3) CINAHL, and (4) PsychINFO and keyword searches for “cancer” and “COVID-19” focused on adults 65 years or older. Results: Of the 6597 articles screened, 10 met the inclusion criteria. Based on the included articles, the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 was reported under four domains, (1) impact of COVID-19 on quality of life (QoL), (2) concerns related to COVID-19, (3) coping with the impact of COVID-19, and (4) recommendations for future care. Results pertaining to perceived quality of life were inconsistent across the included articles. The most common concerns related to: contracting COVID-19, survivorship transitions, and feelings of isolation. Coping strategies reported by older adults included: spiritual care, lived experience, acceptance, and positive reinterpretation. Conclusions: We found many psychosocial impacts of the pandemic on older adults with cancer. The findings from this review can inform interventions related to shared decision-making and tailored patient care in the future.
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García MJ, López-Morales H, del-Valle MV, Canet-Juric L, Urquijo S. COVID-19 in Lifespan: Psychological Impact between Young and Older Adults in Argentina. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9774059 DOI: 10.1134/s2079057022040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic has had a serious and worldwide impact. The increase in psychopathological symptomatology has affected people regardless of their age but has been observed mainly in the elderly population due to the characteristics of the virus. This study aimed to analyze and compare the psychological impact, as measured by the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, in a group of young and older adults at three-time points during the pandemic. Virtual surveys were used to measure participants’ symptomatology and collect socio-demographic information. The results showed a significant increase in anxiety and depression in the general population. However, when comparing the two groups, statistical differences were observed. Younger adults showed higher mean anxiety and depression than older adults, which was sustained across the three times for both groups. Nevertheless, the increase in depressive symptomatology slows in young people between the second and third waves, while it continues to increase in older adults. Those results are a contribution to the study of individual differences in the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. García
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT UNMdP-CONICET), Funes 3250, Cuerpo V, Nivel III, (7600) Mar del Plata, B7602AYJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H. López-Morales
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT UNMdP-CONICET), Funes 3250, Cuerpo V, Nivel III, (7600) Mar del Plata, B7602AYJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. V. del-Valle
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT UNMdP-CONICET), Funes 3250, Cuerpo V, Nivel III, (7600) Mar del Plata, B7602AYJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L. Canet-Juric
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT UNMdP-CONICET), Funes 3250, Cuerpo V, Nivel III, (7600) Mar del Plata, B7602AYJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S. Urquijo
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT UNMdP-CONICET), Funes 3250, Cuerpo V, Nivel III, (7600) Mar del Plata, B7602AYJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bloom I, Zhang J, Hammond J, Bevilacqua G, Lawrence W, Ward KA, Cooper C, Dennison EM. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on community-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal qualitative study of participants from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275486. [PMID: 36240147 PMCID: PMC9565385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults have been especially vulnerable to adverse effects from the COVID-19 pandemic including higher mortality and more severe disease complications. At the same time, social isolation, malnutrition and physical inactivity are serious concerns among older adults. The pandemic and associated restrictions may serve to exacerbate these issues, presenting increased risks to physical and mental health. The aims of this qualitative study were: i) to explore how community-living older people in the UK experienced the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically how it impacted their well-being and associated health behaviours; ii) to explore how older people's experiences and behaviours changed over time throughout the first wave. METHODS Qualitative data were collected by conducting serial telephone interviews, with an interval of approximately three months. Participants were from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, all aged over 80 years. Discussions were audio-recorded, information related to the COVID-19 pandemic was transcribed verbatim and transcripts analysed thematically. Interviews were conducted from March to October 2020. RESULTS Data for twelve participants (7 men and 5 women) from a total of 35 interviews were used, comprising two or three timepoints per participant. Analysis identified five overarching themes: 1) shopping strategies and food accessibility, 2) limitations on activities and going out, 3) disruption to healthcare, 4) social and psychological repercussions, and 5) coping strategies. Findings highlight challenges associated with accessing shops, healthcare, and usual activities due to pandemic-related restrictions. Longitudinal findings showed that for some, the ongoing pandemic and related restrictions appeared to aggravate mental health issues (low mood, anxiety) over time, as well as greater feelings of isolation or loneliness, reduced activity and functional limitations; this was despite some relaxation of restrictions later on. Coping strategies used by participants included finding ways to keep busy and to do physical activity safely, maintaining social contact remotely, and having an optimistic or positive outlook, a 'do what you can' attitude. CONCLUSIONS Interventions are likely to be needed in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic to support health behaviours, such as increasing physical activity, social engagement and improving mental health among community-living older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Bloom
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Jean Zhang
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Hammond
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gregorio Bevilacqua
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Lawrence
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Kate A. Ward
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine M. Dennison
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Ćosić K, Popović S, Šarlija M, Kesedžić I, Gambiraža M, Dropuljić B, Mijić I, Henigsberg N, Jovanovic T. AI-Based Prediction and Prevention of Psychological and Behavioral Changes in Ex-COVID-19 Patients. Front Psychol 2021; 12:782866. [PMID: 35027902 PMCID: PMC8751545 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.782866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has adverse consequences on human psychology and behavior long after initial recovery from the virus. These COVID-19 health sequelae, if undetected and left untreated, may lead to more enduring mental health problems, and put vulnerable individuals at risk of developing more serious psychopathologies. Therefore, an early distinction of such vulnerable individuals from those who are more resilient is important to undertake timely preventive interventions. The main aim of this article is to present a comprehensive multimodal conceptual approach for addressing these potential psychological and behavioral mental health changes using state-of-the-art tools and means of artificial intelligence (AI). Mental health COVID-19 recovery programs at post-COVID clinics based on AI prediction and prevention strategies may significantly improve the global mental health of ex-COVID-19 patients. Most COVID-19 recovery programs currently involve specialists such as pulmonologists, cardiologists, and neurologists, but there is a lack of psychiatrist care. The focus of this article is on new tools which can enhance the current limited psychiatrist resources and capabilities in coping with the upcoming challenges related to widespread mental health disorders. Patients affected by COVID-19 are more vulnerable to psychological and behavioral changes than non-COVID populations and therefore they deserve careful clinical psychological screening in post-COVID clinics. However, despite significant advances in research, the pace of progress in prevention of psychiatric disorders in these patients is still insufficient. Current approaches for the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders largely rely on clinical rating scales, as well as self-rating questionnaires that are inadequate for comprehensive assessment of ex-COVID-19 patients' susceptibility to mental health deterioration. These limitations can presumably be overcome by applying state-of-the-art AI-based tools in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of psychiatric disorders in acute phase of disease to prevent more chronic psychiatric consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Ćosić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Siniša Popović
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Šarlija
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Kesedžić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mate Gambiraža
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branimir Dropuljić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Igor Mijić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neven Henigsberg
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
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47
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Dawes J, May T, McKinlay A, Fancourt D, Burton A. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and wellbeing of parents with young children: a qualitative interview study. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:194. [PMID: 34911570 PMCID: PMC8672159 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00701-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents have faced unique challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including mobility constraints, isolation measures, working from home, and the closure of schools and childcare facilities. There is presently a lack of in-depth qualitative research exploring how these changes have affected parents' mental health and wellbeing. METHODS Semi-structured qualitative interviews with 29 parents of young children. Interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS We identified five superordinate themes affecting participant mental health and wellbeing: (1) navigation of multiple responsibilities and change inside the home; (2) disruption to home life; (3) changes to usual support networks; (4) changes in personal relationships; and (5) use of coping strategies. Participants described stress and exhaustion from navigating multiple pressures and conflicting responsibilities with home, schooling, and work, without their usual support networks and in the context of disrupted routines. Family roles and relationships were sometimes tested, however, many parents identified coping strategies that protected their wellbeing including access to outdoor space, spending time away from family, and avoiding conflict and pandemic-related media coverage. CONCLUSIONS Employers must be cognisant of the challenges that the pandemic has placed on parents, particularly women and lone parents. Flexible working arrangements and support might therefore relieve stress and increase productivity. Coping strategies identified by parents in this study could be harnessed and encouraged by employers and policymakers to promote positive wellbeing during times of stress throughout the pandemic and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Dawes
- UCL Collaborative Centre for Inclusion Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tom May
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alison McKinlay
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Burton
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK.
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48
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Fiocco AJ, Gryspeerdt C, Franco G. Stress and Adjustment during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study on the Lived Experience of Canadian Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412922. [PMID: 34948534 PMCID: PMC8700935 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing measures were put into place to flatten the pandemic curve. It was projected that older adults were at increased risk for poor psychological and health outcomes resulting from increased social isolation and loneliness. However, little research has supported this projection among community-dwelling older adults. While a growing body of research has examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults, there is a paucity of qualitative research that captures the lived experience of community-dwelling older adults in Canada. The current study aimed to better understand the lived experience of community-dwelling older adults during the first six months of the pandemic in Ontario, Canada. Semi-structured one-on-one interviews were conducted with independent-living older adults aged 65 years and older. A total of 22 interviews were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Following a recursive process, two overarching themes were identified: perceived threat and challenges of the pandemic, and coping with the pandemic. Specifically, participants reflected on the threat of contracting the virus and challenges associated with living arrangements, social isolation, and financial insecurity. Participants shared their coping strategies to maintain health and wellbeing, including behavioral strategies, emotion-focused strategies, and social support. Overall, this research highlights resilience among older adults during the first six months of the pandemic.
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49
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Fisher A, Roberts A, McKinlay AR, Fancourt D, Burton A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and well-being of people living with a long-term physical health condition: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1801. [PMID: 34620136 PMCID: PMC8496145 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions caused major global disruption. Individuals with long-term physical health conditions (LTCs) are at higher risk of severe illness and often subject to the strictest pandemic guidance, so may be disproportionally affected. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore how living with a LTC during the COVID-19 pandemic affected people's mental health and wellbeing. METHODS Participants were people living with LTCs who participated in telephone/video call interviews based on a semi-structured topic guide. Key themes and subthemes were determined using deductive and inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS The sample included 32 participants with LTCs (most commonly cancer, respiratory conditions or cardiovascular diseases), mean age 57 (SD 13) years, 66% female and 72% white British. There were four overarching themes specific to living with a LTC. These were 1) high levels of fear and anxiety related to perceived consequences of catching COVID-19, 2) impact of shielding/isolation on mental health and wellbeing, 3) experience of healthcare during the pandemic and 4) anxiety created by uncertainty about the future. Fourteen subthemes were identified, including concerns about accessing essential supplies and the importance of social support. Individuals who lived alone and were advised to shield could be profoundly negatively affected. CONCLUSIONS This study found that there were a number of aspects of living with a LTC during the pandemic that had a significant impact on mental health and well-being. There should be focus on how best to provide practical and social support to people with LTCs during a pandemic, particularly if they have to shield or isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
| | - A Roberts
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - A R McKinlay
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - D Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - A Burton
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
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