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Kuś A, Sterenborg RBTM, Haug EB, Galesloot TE, Visser WE, Smit JWA, Bednarczuk T, Peeters RP, Åsvold BO, Teumer A, Medici M. Towards Personalized TSH Reference Ranges: A Genetic and Population-Based Approach in Three Independent Cohorts. Thyroid 2024; 34:969-979. [PMID: 38919119 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2024.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Background: Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement is the diagnostic cornerstone for primary thyroid dysfunction. There is high inter-individual but limited intra-individual variation in TSH concentrations, largely due to genetic factors. The currently used wide population-based reference intervals may lead to inappropriate management decisions. Methods: A polygenic score (PGS) including 59 genetic variants was used to calculate genetically determined TSH reference ranges in a thyroid disease-free cohort (n = 6,834). Its effect on reclassification of diagnoses was investigated when compared to using population-based reference ranges. Next, results were validated in a second independent population-based thyroid disease-free cohort (n = 3,800). Potential clinical implications were assessed in a third independent population-based cohort including individuals without thyroid disease (n = 26,321) as well as individuals on levothyroxine (LT4) treatment (n = 1,132). Results: PGS was a much stronger predictor of individual TSH concentrations than FT4 (total variance in TSH concentrations explained 9.2-11.1% vs. 2.4-2.7%, respectively) or any other nongenetic factor (total variance in TSH concentrations explained 0.2-1.8%). Genetically determined TSH reference ranges differed significantly between PGS quartiles in all cohorts, while the differences in FT4 concentrations were absent or only minor. Up to 24.7-30.1% of individuals, previously classified as having subclinical hypo- and hyperthyroidism when using population-based TSH reference ranges, were reclassified as euthyroid when genetically determined TSH reference ranges were applied. Individuals in the higher PGS quartiles had a higher probability of being prescribed LT4 treatment compared to individuals from the lower PGS quartiles (3.3% in Q1 vs. 5.2% in Q4, Pfor trend =1.7 × 10-8). Conclusions: Individual genetic profiles have the potential to personalize TSH reference ranges, with large effects on reclassification of diagnosis and LT4 prescriptions. As the currently used PGS can only predict approximately 10% of inter-individual variation in TSH concentrations, it should be further improved when more genetic variants determining TSH concentrations are identified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Kuś
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rosalie B T M Sterenborg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eirin B Haug
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tessel E Galesloot
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - W Edward Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes W A Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tomasz Bednarczuk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bjørn O Åsvold
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Centre, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marco Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Song W, Su F, Li S, Wang S. The association between soyfoods or soybean products consumption and executive functioning among Chinese adolescents: A cross-sectional multicenter study. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 246:104260. [PMID: 38626599 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of soyfoods or soybean products with executive functions in the brain has been less well studied. In this study, we investigated the consumption of soyfoods or soybean products and its association with executive functions in Chinese adolescents. METHODS A three-stage stratified whole group sampling method was used to investigate the consumption of soyfoods or soybean products and executive functions among 1643 Chinese adolescents aged 13-15 years. One-way ANOVA and chi-square test were used to compare the basic conditions and executive functions of adolescents with different soyfoods or soybean products consumption. Linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the association between soyfoods or soybean products and executive functions. RESULTS The proportions of Chinese adolescents with soyfoods or soybean products consumption ≤0 time/week, 1-3 time/week, and ≥4 time/week were 41.14 %, 46.80 %, and 12.05 %, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that with adolescents with soyfoods or soybean products consumption ≥4 time/week as a reference, adolescents with ≤0 time/week were less likely to have executive dysfunction in inhibiting functional (OR = 17.523, 95 % CI: 7.501, 40.938), 2back (OR = 3.384, 95 % CI: 1.729, 6.623), and switching functional (OR = 7.846, 95 % CI: 3.300, 18.657), were at higher risk of executive dysfunction (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Chinese adolescents' consumption of soyfoods or soybean products is inadequate and has a positive association with executive functions. The consumption of soyfoods or soybean products among Chinese adolescents should be increased in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Hubei, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Fan Su
- College of Physical Education, China Three Gorges University, Hubei, Yichang 443002, PR China
| | - Shengpeng Li
- School of Preschool Education, Jingzhou Institute of Technology, Hubei, Jingzhou 434020, PR China
| | - Shoudu Wang
- School of Sports Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
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Fowler Davis S, Benkowitz C, Holland C, Gow A, Clarke C. A Scoping Review on the Opportunities for Social Engagement and Cognitive Frailty in Older Adults. Public Health Rev 2024; 45:1606494. [PMID: 38389543 PMCID: PMC10882720 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2024.1606494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive frailty (CF) is defined as the clinical syndrome of the combination of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, without dementia. Numerous risk factors for CF have been previously identified but this scoping review focusses on the critical need for social engagement and the association with cognition. The focus of this scoping review on the opportunity for social engagement rather than on perception or experience of loneliness. Based on the results of 55 studies were synthesised into four social engagement categories, namely participation, household, network, and habitat. Social engagement is associated with maintaining or improving cognition, particularly through active participation in social roles. Habitat (i.e., rural or urban settings) also influences cognition and the challenge is to enable social participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Fowler Davis
- Faculty of Allied Health and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Benkowitz
- Centre for Applied Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Holland
- Division of Health Research, Centre for Ageing Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Gow
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Clarke
- Faculty of Social Science & Health, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
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Smith PJ, Whitson HE, Merwin RM, O’Hayer CV, Strauman TJ. Engineering Virtuous health habits using Emotion and Neurocognition: Flexibility for Lifestyle Optimization and Weight management (EVEN FLOW). Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1256430. [PMID: 38076541 PMCID: PMC10702760 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1256430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Interventions to preserve functional independence in older adults are critically needed to optimize 'successful aging' among the large and increasing population of older adults in the United States. For most aging adults, the management of chronic diseases is the most common and impactful risk factor for loss of functional independence. Chronic disease management inherently involves the learning and adaptation of new behaviors, such as adopting or modifying physical activity habits and managing weight. Despite the importance of chronic disease management in older adults, vanishingly few individuals optimally manage their health behavior in the service of chronic disease stabilization to preserve functional independence. Contemporary conceptual models of chronic disease management and health habit theory suggest that this lack of optimal management may result from an underappreciated distinction within the health behavior literature: the behavioral domains critical for initiation of new behaviors (Initiation Phase) are largely distinct from those that facilitate their maintenance (Maintenance Phase). Psychological factors, particularly experiential acceptance and trait levels of openness are critical to engagement with new health behaviors, willingness to make difficult lifestyle changes, and the ability to tolerate aversive affective responses in the process. Cognitive factors, particularly executive function, are critical to learning new skills, using them effectively across different areas of life and contextual demands, and updating of skills to facilitate behavioral maintenance. Emerging data therefore suggests that individuals with greater executive function are better able to sustain behavior changes, which in turn protects against cognitive decline. In addition, social and structural supports of behavior change serve a critical buffering role across phases of behavior change. The present review attempts to address these gaps by proposing a novel biobehavioral intervention framework that incorporates both individual-level and social support system-level variables for the purpose of treatment tailoring. Our intervention framework triangulates on the central importance of self-regulatory functioning, proposing that both cognitive and psychological mechanisms ultimately influence an individuals' ability to engage in different aspects of self-management (individual level) in the service of maintaining independence. Importantly, the proposed linkages of cognitive and affective functioning align with emerging individual difference frameworks, suggesting that lower levels of cognitive and/or psychological flexibility represent an intermediate phenotype of risk. Individuals exhibiting self-regulatory lapses either due to the inability to regulate their emotional responses or due to the presence of executive functioning impairments are therefore the most likely to require assistance to preserve functional independence. In addition, these vulnerabilities will be more easily observable for individuals requiring greater complexity of self-management behavioral demands (e.g. complexity of medication regimen) and/or with lesser social support. Our proposed framework also intuits several distinct intervention pathways based on the profile of self-regulatory behaviors: we propose that individuals with intact affect regulation and impaired executive function will preferentially respond to 'top-down' training approaches (e.g., strategy and process work). Individuals with intact executive function and impaired affect regulation will respond to 'bottom-up' approaches (e.g., graded exposure). And individuals with impairments in both may require treatments targeting caregiving or structural supports, particularly in the context of elevated behavioral demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Heather E. Whitson
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Rhonda M. Merwin
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - C. Virginia O’Hayer
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Timothy J. Strauman
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Ferreira LK, Filgueiras Meireles JF, de Oliveira Gomes GA, Caputo Ferreira ME. Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Lifestyle Evaluation Instrument for Older Adults. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:1901-1923. [PMID: 37286477 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231182173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brazil is experiencing an accelerated period of population aging, with important implications for individuals, families, and the society at large. Lifestyles for the elderly can have both positive and negative health effects and are characterized by behaviors that individuals constantly reproduce in day-to-day life. However, few assessment instruments are aimed at evaluating lifestyles, and this has hampered research development. Thus, our aim in this study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric qualities of a new instrument to assess older adults' lifestyles. We developed this single scale to assess the lifestyles of older men and women using the sequential mixed method. Individuals over 60 years old of both sexes participated in this study of several phases. In Phase 1, we produced a 96-item single scale instrument, based on a literature review, previous scales, and qualitative research. In Phase 2, we verified the scale's content validity with help from 12 experts and 20 members of a target audience, aged between 60-84 years, deleting some items and reworking others. In Phase 3, we analyzed the psychometric qualities of the new scale in a sample of 700 older adults, aged 60 and above, from the five regions of Brazil, using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Our completed "Older Adult Lifestyle Scale" (OALS) is composed of 19 items divided into four subscales. The OALS has shown good psychometric qualities for Brazilian older adults over 60 years of age, and we can now recommend its use in this population.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Maheswaran T, Mahendrarajah N, Gunarathna AI, Coonghe PA, Suganthan N, Sivayokan S. Depression, Disability, and Cognitive Impairment Among Elders With Medical Illnesses Attending Follow-Up Clinics at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Sri Lanka. Cureus 2022; 14:e32379. [PMID: 36632254 PMCID: PMC9828413 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rising proportion of the elderly is increasingly affected by non-communicable diseases. Despite an abundance of literature suggesting that elders with medical conditions are more vulnerable to depression, disability, and cognitive impairment, these tend to go unnoticed and unaddressed. This study describes the prevalence and correlates of depression, disability, and cognitive impairment among elders with medical illnesses attending follow-up clinics in a tertiary care hospital in northern Sri Lanka. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 122 elders (≥60 years) attending medical clinics at Teaching Hospital Jaffna. Depression, disability, and cognitive impairment were assessed by the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, respectively. Student's T-Test, ANOVA, and correlation coefficient were used in analyzing data using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 25 (SPSS-v25) (IBM, New York, United States). RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 68.3 years (SD=5.70); 58 (47.5%) were males and 64 (52.5%) were females. Prevalence of depression was 44.3% (95% CI=35.5-53.1), while disability was 95.9% (95% CI=92.4-99.4) and cognitive impairment was 80.3% (95% CI=73.2-87.4). Depression was significantly associated with gender (p=0.013), marital status (p=0.019), and living arrangement (p<0.001). Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with education level (p=0.045), and disability was associated with education level (p=0.008) and marital status (p=0.027). Among the study participants, only 12 (9.8%) had previously sought professional help for depression, disability, or cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Depression, disability, and cognitive impairment are common among the elderly attending medical clinics in Teaching Hospital Jaffna, and are, in most cases, unaddressed.
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Mao B, Chen S, Wei M, Luo Y, Liu Y. Future Time Perspective and Bedtime Procrastination: The Mediating Role of Dual-Mode Self-Control and Problematic Smartphone Use. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10334. [PMID: 36011963 PMCID: PMC9407689 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined bedtime procrastination predictors and the development process concerning health behavior. Based on temporal self-regulation theory and the self-regulatory framework of time perspective, we examined the effects of future time perspective, dual-model of self-control, and problematic smartphone use on bedtime procrastination. Further, including the mediating role of dual-mode self-control and problematic smartphone use in the effects of future time perspective on bedtime procrastination among 3687 participants (38.73% male; Mage = 16.17 years, SD = 2.42, range = 11-23) Chinese students. The results showed that the future time perspective, dual-mode self-control, and problematic smartphone use had significant predictive effects on bedtime procrastination. Importantly, the negative effect of future time perspective on bedtime procrastination is mediated by the impulse system, control system, and problematic smartphone use separately and serially mediated by the impulse system and problematic smartphone use, rather than the control system and problematic smartphone use; these findings extend previous research on the contributing factors of bedtime procrastination and provide an empirical basis for promoting people to form healthy sleep habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Mao
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mingchen Wei
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yali Luo
- Center of Mental Health Education, Southwest University of Political Science & Law, Baosheng Avenue No. 301, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Coelho-Junior H, Marzetti E, Calvani R, Picca A, Arai H, Uchida M. Resistance training improves cognitive function in older adults with different cognitive status: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:213-224. [PMID: 33325273 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1857691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the impact of resistance training (RT) on cognitive function in older adults with different cognitive status by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. We performed a literature search with no restriction on publication year in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and AgeLine from inception up to August 2020. Experimental studies investigating the impact of RT on the cognitive function of cognitively healthy (CH) and cognitively impaired (CI) older adults (≥60 years) were included for analysis. Eighteen studies were included in the final analysis, of which ten studies investigated CH community-dwelling older adult, seven studies investigated CI older adults, and one study investigated both. RT significantly improved overall cognitive function in both CH (SMD = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.00 to 1.08, P = 0.047) and CI (SMD = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.21 to 1.16, P = 0.005) older adults. However, short-term memory was only improved in CH older adults (MD = -0.20; 95% CI = -0.25 to -0.15, P < 0.00001). In conclusion, RT improved overall cognitive function in CH and CI older adults, whereas short-term memory, assessed by the digit span of the WAIS III, was only significantly improved in CH older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helio Coelho-Junior
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Campus Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Marco Uchida
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Campus Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, Brazil
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Jaff NG, Crowther NJ. The Association of Reproductive Aging with Cognitive Function in Sub-Saharan African Women. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2343:71-91. [PMID: 34473316 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1558-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Life expectancy in sub-Saharan African women is increasing, and by the late 2020s an estimated 76% of postmenopausal women globally will be living in developing countries. Menopause transition has been associated with cognitive decline in a wide range of studies, but data on cognition and reproductive aging are lacking in sub-Saharan African women. Approximately 72 million people in the region are expected to suffer from dementias and neurocognitive decline by 2050. Studies show that compromised cognitive health in low-income countries has significant implications for adult quality of life and socioeconomic development. There is now an urgent need to further examine risk factors for cognitive decline in these aging women and to understand the ability of public health programs to diagnose and treat cognitive dysfunction. This review examines studies assessing cognition and aging in sub-Saharan African adults, while addressing the significant research gaps. It examines data on the association of the menopause transition with cognitive function and describes how validated tools should be available to assess both menopausal stage and symptoms. Culturally appropriate and validated neurocognitive measures are required to better understand the relationship of reproductive aging with cognition. Longitudinal population-based studies are needed to assess the effect of lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, on cognitive health in sub-Saharan African populations, with an emphasis on women as they transition into menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole G Jaff
- Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Nigel J Crowther
- Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Srivastava S, Shaw S, Chaurasia H, Purkayastha N, Muhammad T. Feeling about living arrangements and associated health outcomes among older adults in India: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1322. [PMID: 34225690 PMCID: PMC8258997 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advancement in the field of gerontology has been concerned with the well-being of older adults in a family setup that is associated with caregiving and support. While family life and well-being are defined by emotion, caregiving, and support activities, dissatisfaction/discontent with living arrangements is a public health concern, which is increasing with a rise in the proportion of the older population in the country. The study examines the association of dissatisfaction with living arrangements with health outcomes among older men and women in India. METHODS The present research used data from the 'Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India'. The effective sample size for the analysis was 9181 older adults. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were performed to present the preliminary estimates. For finding the association between various health outcomes over explanatory variables, binary logistic regression model was used separately for men and women. RESULTS About 22.8% of men and 30.8% of women who were living alone were dissatisfied with their present living arrangement. It was revealed that both men and women who were dissatisfied with their present living arrangements had significantly higher odds of experiencing poor self-rated health [OR:4.45, 3.25 ~ 6.09 and OR:3.32, 2.54 ~ 4.34], low psychological health [OR: 2.15, 1.61 ~ 2.86 and OR: 1.99, 1.57 ~ 2.53], low subjective well-being [OR: 3.37, 2.54 ~ 4.45 and OR: 3.03, 2.36 ~ 3.38], low ADL [OR: 1.77, 1.2 ~ 2.62 and OR: 1.59, 1.17 ~ 2.18, low IADL] [OR: 1.32, 1.03 ~ 1.69 and OR: 1.57, 1.24 ~ 1.98] and low cognitive ability [OR: 1.26, 0.98 ~ 1.61 and OR:1.44, 1.13 ~ 1.82] in comparison to their counterpart from men and women respectively. CONCLUSION It is found that dissatisfaction with the living arrangement of older men and women is negatively associated with major health outcomes. Hence, appropriate policies and programs must be developed to promote increased family care and support and an improved residential environment that would create a feeling of comfort and happiness among older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Srivastava
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - Subhojit Shaw
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - Himanshu Chaurasia
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, ICMR, Parel, Mumbai, 400088 India
| | - Naina Purkayastha
- Department of Statistics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam India
| | - T. Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
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Kim C, Kang HS, Kim JS, Won YY, Schlenk EA. Predicting physical activity and cardiovascular risk and quality of life in adults with osteoarthritis at risk for metabolic syndrome: A test of the information-motivation-behavioral skills model. Nurs Open 2020; 7:1239-1248. [PMID: 32587744 PMCID: PMC7308683 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To examine a hypothetical model of physical activity and health outcomes (cardiovascular risk and quality of life) based on the information-motivation-behavioural skills model in adults. Design A cross-sectional survey. Methods A total of 165 adults with osteoarthritis at risk for metabolic syndrome were recruited between October 2016 and September 2017 from the outpatient clinic in South Korea. Data were collected on the model constructs such as cognitive function, social support, depressive symptoms, barriers to self-efficacy, physical activity and quality of life. A hypothetical model was tested using the AMOS 25.0 program. Results Cognitive function and barriers to self-efficacy had a direct effect on physical activity. Physical activity had a direct effect on cardiovascular risk, while social support and depressive symptoms had a direct effect on quality of life. Conclusions The information-motivation-behavioural skills model can predict physical activity and, in turn, cardiovascular risk and quality of life in adults with osteoarthritis at risk for metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Ja Kim
- College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing ScienceAjou UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Hee Sun Kang
- Red Cross College of NursingChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Jung Suk Kim
- College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing ScienceAjou UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Ye Yeon Won
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySchool of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineAjou UniversitySuwonKorea
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, de Oliveira Gonçalves I, Sampaio RAC, Sampaio PYS, Lusa Cadore E, Calvani R, Picca A, Izquierdo M, Marzetti E, Uchida MC. Effects of Combined Resistance and Power Training on Cognitive Function in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3435. [PMID: 32423126 PMCID: PMC7277751 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study compared the effects of traditional resistance training (TRT) and combined power training (PT) and TRT (PTRT) on cognitive parameters and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in non-demented, well-functioning, community-dwelling older women. Forty-five older women were randomized into one of three experimental groups: TRT, PTRT, and control group (CG). Cognitive tests explored global cognitive function, short-term memory, and dual-task performance. Serum BDNF levels were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Exercise sessions were performed twice a week over 22 weeks. In TRT, exercise sessions were based on three sets of 8-10 repetitions at "difficult" intensity. In PTRT, the first session was based on PT (three sets of 8-10 repetitions at "moderate" intensity), while the second session was similar to the TRT. Our analyses indicated that overall cognitive function, short-term memory, and dual-task performance were similarly improved after TRT and PTRT. Serum BDNF concentrations were not altered by any training protocol. In conclusion, the two RT programs tested in the present trial improved global cognitive function, short-term memory and dual task performance in non-demented, well-functioning, community-dwelling older women. In addition, our findings suggest that mechanisms other than BDNF may be associated with such improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–AKL, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil; (R.A.C.S.); (P.Y.S.S.); (M.C.U.)
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (A.P.)
- Rehabilitation unit, Mãe Mariana unit, Poá 08562-460, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho Sampaio
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–AKL, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil; (R.A.C.S.); (P.Y.S.S.); (M.C.U.)
| | - Priscila Yukari Sewo Sampaio
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–AKL, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil; (R.A.C.S.); (P.Y.S.S.); (M.C.U.)
| | - Eduardo Lusa Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, RS, Brazil;
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (A.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (A.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- GICAEDS Group, Faculty of Physical Culture, Sport and Recreation, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá 7290, Colombia
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Carlos Uchida
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–AKL, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil; (R.A.C.S.); (P.Y.S.S.); (M.C.U.)
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