1
|
Lai W, Wu H, Yang L, Chen R, Xin Z, Zhang X, Wang W, Guo L, Huang G, Lu C. Prevalence of unhealthy behaviors and their associations with non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among Chinese adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:61. [PMID: 38812024 PMCID: PMC11137955 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00742-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among adolescents have emerged as a significant public health concern worldwide, however, there is little investigation on the impact of unhealthy behaviors on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempt (SA). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of seven unhealthy behaviors as well as their associations with NSSI, SI and SA, and to explore whether the aforementioned associations differ across sex. METHODS A total of 74,152 adolescents were included in this study via a multi-stage, stratified cluster, random sampling method in 2021. Information about unhealthy behaviors (insufficient physical activity, current smoking, current drinking, excessive screen time, long homework time, insufficient sleep and unhealthy BMI), NSSI, SI, SA and other demographics was collected. Sampling weights were used to estimate the prevalence, and the weighted logistic regression models were performed. Stratified analyses by sex and sensitive analyses were conducted. RESULTS Overview, the weighted prevalence of adolescents had more than five unhealthy behaviors were 5.2%, with boys showing a higher prevalence than girls (6.5% vs.3.8%). Current smoking, current drinking, excessive screen use, long homework time, insufficient sleep, and unhealthy BMI were significantly associated with NSSI, SI and SA. Moreover, adolescents with high lifestyle risk scores were associated with an increased risk of NSSI (5-7 vs. 0: OR 6.38, 95% CI 5.24-7.77), SI (5-7 vs. 0: OR 7.67, 95% CI 6.35-9.25), and SA (5-7 vs. 0: OR 9.57, 95% CI 6.95-13.17). Significant sex differences were found in the associations of unhealthy behaviors with NSSI, SI and SA. CONCLUSION Unhealthy behaviors are quite common among Chinese adolescents. Adolescents with multiple unhealthy behaviors are associated with increased risks of NSSI, SI, and SA. The implementation of school and family-based interventions to promote healthy lifestyles is recommended as a preventive measure against self-injurious behavior and suicidality in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Lai
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Herui Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liwen Yang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ruiying Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhiyao Xin
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wanxin Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guoliang Huang
- Center for Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring of Guangdong, 753 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Ciyong Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen university, 74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shawon MSR, Rouf RR, Jahan E, Hossain FB, Mahmood S, Gupta RD, Islam MI, Al Kibria GM, Islam S. The burden of psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours among 222,401 school-going adolescents from 61 countries. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21894. [PMID: 38082022 PMCID: PMC10713667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to calculate the sex-specific prevalence of psychological distress and unhealthy eating habits among adolescents across countries and regions, and to explore their potential associations. We used data from the Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) for 61 countries. Psychological distress was defined based on the existence of ≥ 2 factors from the following: loneliness, anxiety, suicide ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempt. Four unhealthy dietary behaviours were examined: inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily consumption of soft drinks, and weekly fast-food consumption. We used random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the overall and regional pooled prevalence. Mixed-effect multilevel logistic regressions were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of unhealthy dietary behaviours in relation to psychological distress. Among 222,401 school-going adolescents (53.3% girls), the prevalence of psychological distress was 17.9%, with girls reporting higher than boys (20.8% vs. 14.9%). Adolescents in the African region reported the highest prevalence (22.5%), while those in the South-East Asia region reported the lowest (11.3%). The prevalence of inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily soft drink consumption, and weekly fast-food consumption was 37.0%, 28.5%, 50.0%, and 57.4% respectively. Psychological distress was associated with inadequate fruit intake (pooled aOR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.17-1.23), inadequate vegetable intake (pooled OR = 1.19, 1.16-1.22), daily consumption of soft drinks (pooled aOR = 1.14, 1.12-1.17), and weekly consumption of fast food (pooled aOR = 1.12, 1.09-1.15). Our findings indicate a substantial variance in the burden of psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours across different regions. Adolescents experiencing psychological distress were more likely to have unhealthy dietary habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Shajedur Rahman Shawon
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Level 2, AGSM Building (G27), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | | | - Esrat Jahan
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Rajat Das Gupta
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Md Irteja Islam
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Perth, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Biswas T, Townsend N, Huda MM, Maravilla J, Begum T, Pervin S, Ghosh A, Mahumud RA, Islam S, Anwar N, Rifhat R, Munir K, Gupta RD, Renzaho AM, Khusun H, Wiradnyani LAA, Radel T, Baxter J, Rawal LB, McIntyre D, Mørkrid K, Mamun A. Prevalence of multiple non-communicable diseases risk factors among adolescents in 140 countries: A population-based study. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 52:101591. [PMID: 36016694 PMCID: PMC9396043 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modifiable non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors are becoming increasingly common among adolescents, with clustering of these risk factors in individuals of particular concern. The aim of this study was to assess global status of clustering of common modifiable NCD risk factors among adolescents. METHODS We used latest available data from nationally representative survey for 140 countries, namely the Global School-based Student Health Survey, the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children and the longitudinal study of Australian Children. Weighted mean estimates of prevalence with corresponding 95% confidence intervals of nine NCD risk factors - physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour, insufficient fruits and vegetable consumption, carbonated soft drink consumption, fast food consumption, tobacco use, alcohol consumption and overweight/obesity - were calculated by country, region and sex. FINDINGS Over 487,565 adolescents, aged 11-17 years, were included in this study. According to trend analysis, prevalence of four or more NCD risk factors increased gradually over time. Prevalence of four or more NCD risk factors was 14.8% in 2003-2007 and increased to 44% in 2013-2017, an approximately three-fold increase (44.0%). Similar trends were also observed for three and two risk factors. Large variation between countries in the prevalence of adolescents with four or more risk factors was found in all regions. The country level range was higher in the South-East Asia Region (minimum Sri Lanka = 8%, maximum Myanmar = 84%) than Western Pacific Region (minimum China = 3%, maximum Niue = 72%), European Region (minimum Sweden = 13.9%, maximum Ireland = 66.0%), African Region (minimum Senegal = 0.8%, maximum Uganda = 82.1%) and Eastern Mediterranean Region (minimum Libya = 0.2%, maximum Lebanon = 80.2%). Insufficient vegetable consumption, insufficient fruit consumption and physically inactivity were three of the four most prevalent risk factors in all regions. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest a high prevalence of four or more NCD risk factors in adolescents globally, although variation was found between countries. Results from our study indicate that efforts to reduce adolescent NCD risk factors and the associated health burden need to be improved. These findings can assist policy makers to target the rollout of country- specific interventions. FUNDING None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Biswas
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- UQ Poche Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- Corresponding author at: UQ Poche Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Nick Townsend
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - M. Mamun Huda
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- UQ Poche Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joemer Maravilla
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Nursing, Far Eastern University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Tahmina Begum
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- UQ Poche Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sonia Pervin
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Arpita Ghosh
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, New Delhi, India
| | - Rashidul Alam Mahumud
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Novera Anwar
- Institute of Health Economics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rukaiya Rifhat
- Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1, Bangladesh
| | - Kerim Munir
- Developmental Medicine Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajat Das Gupta
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Andre M.N. Renzaho
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Helda Khusun
- SEAMEO Regional Center for Food and Nutrition (RECFON) - Pusat Kajian Gizi Regional Universitas Indonesia (PKGR UI), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Luh Ade Ari Wiradnyani
- SEAMEO Regional Center for Food and Nutrition (RECFON) - Pusat Kajian Gizi Regional Universitas Indonesia (PKGR UI), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tim Radel
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Janeen Baxter
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lal B. Rawal
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, College of Science and Sustainability, Central Queensland University, Sydney Campus, Australia
| | - David McIntyre
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, College of Science and Sustainability, Central Queensland University, Sydney Campus, Australia
| | - Kjersti Mørkrid
- Mater Clinical Unit, The University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia
- Global Health Cluster, Division for Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Abdullah Mamun
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- UQ Poche Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shawon MSR, Jahan E, Rouf RR, Hossain FB. Psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours among adolescents aged 12-15 years in nine South-East Asian countries: a secondary analysis of the Global School-Based Health Survey data. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-10. [PMID: 35856273 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether there is any association between psychological distress and unhealthy dietary habits among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of these factors in South-East Asia region and investigate their associations. We used data from the Global School-based Health Survey for nine South-East Asian countries. Psychological distress was defined by presence of ≥ 2 factors from loneliness, anxiety, suicide ideation, suicide planning and suicide attempt. We assessed inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily soft drink and weekly fast-food consumption. We used random-effects meta-analysis to estimate pooled prevalence. Logistic regressions were used to estimate OR of unhealthy dietary behaviours for psychological distress. Among 30 013 adolescents (56 % girls) aged 12-15 years, the prevalence of psychological distress was 11·0 %, with girls reporting slightly higher than boys (11·8 % v. 10·1 %). The prevalence of inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily soft drink consumption and weekly fast-food consumption was 42 %, 26 %, 40 % and 57 %, respectively. Psychological distress was associated with inadequate fruit intake (pooled OR = 1·20, 95 % CI 1·03, 1·40), inadequate vegetable intake (pooled OR = 1·17, 1·05, 1·31) and daily soft drink consumption (pooled OR = 1·14, 1·03, 1·26); but not with weekly fast-food consumption (pooled OR = 1·13, 0·96, 1·31). We observed substantial cross-country variations in prevalence and OR estimates. In conclusion, South-East Asian adolescents have significant burden of psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours, with those having psychological distress are more likely to have unhealthy dietary behaviours. Our findings will guide preventative interventions and inform relevant policies around adolescent nutrition in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Esrat Jahan
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rashawan Raziur Rouf
- Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Emerging and Neglected Diseases, Biomedical Research Foundation (BRF), Bangladesh
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma C, Li Z, Tong Y, Zhao M, Magnussen CG, Xi B. Leisure sedentary time and suicide risk among young adolescents: Data from 54 low- and middle-income countries. J Affect Disord 2022; 298:457-463. [PMID: 34780860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dose-response association between sedentary time and suicidal ideation and planning among adolescents is unclear. This study examined the association between leisure sedentary time and suicidal ideation, planning and attempts among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS We used the most recent data (2009-2016) from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) in 54 LMICs. Leisure sedentary time and suicidal ideation, planning and attempts were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. A total of 146,345 young adolescents aged 12-15 years were included. RESULTS Among adolescents in the 54 LMICs, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 14.8%, planning was 14.5%, and attempts was 13.0%. Compared with those who had less than 1 h/day of sedentary time, those who had 3, 4 h/day sedentary time were at higher odds ratio (OR) of suicidal ideation OR=1.21 (95% confidence interval (CI) =1.14-1.29), planning OR=1.15 (95%CI=1.07-1.22) and attempts OR=1.17 (95%CI=1.09-1.26), and those who had more than 8 h/day sedentary time were at OR=1.58 (95%CI=1.44-1.72), OR=1.44 (95%CI=1.31-1.58) and OR=1.27 (95%CI=1.16-1.40), respectively. LIMITATIONS Suicidal behaviors and sedentary time were assessed by a self-reported questionnaire, which might be prone to recall bias. CONCLUSIONS Higher amounts of leisure sedentary time are associated with suicidal ideation, planning and attempts among adolescents. Adolescents should spend less than 2 h/day of their sedentary time to reduce the likelihood of suicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuting Tong
- Centre for Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Costan G Magnussen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Bo Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Parent-peer attachment, negative automatic thoughts and psychological problems among Pakistani adolescents: A moderated mediation model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
7
|
Jackson DB, Vaughn MG. Diet Quality and Physical Fighting Among Youth: A Cross-National Study. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP1180-1192NP. [PMID: 29361879 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518754874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The predictors of engaging in physical violence appear to be quite diverse, covering an array of social and psychological risk factors. The present study expands upon this literature by exploring the link between diet quality and physical fighting during early adolescence using cross-national data from the 2005/2006 Health Behaviors of School Children (HBSC) survey. The results reveal that the rate of physical fighting was 40% higher among youths with lower quality diets, whereas the odds of frequent physical fighting were 68% higher, relative to youths with better diets. Ancillary analyses reveal that (a) the link between diet quality and physical fighting was significantly larger among females and (b) significant associations between diet quality and physical fighting were detected in 38 of the 40 countries examined. Strategies designed to improve diet quality among youth may have the added benefit of reducing the likelihood of physical fighting and its negative sequelae.
Collapse
|
8
|
The Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety and Their Lifestyle Determinants in a Large Sample of Iranian Adults: Results from a Population Based Cross-Sectional Study. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2018-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Association of lifestyle-related factors and mental health has been less studied in Middle Eastern countries. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of two common mental health problems, i.e., depression and anxiety, and their lifestyle determinants in a large sample of Iranian population.
This study was conducted within the framework of SEPAHAN population based cross-sectional study (N=4763(. The General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ) was used to assess physical activity and the Iranian-validated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was applied to screen for anxiety and depression. Logistic regression was used as the main statistical method for data analysis by SPSS version 16.0. A P-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
The risk of anxiety and depression was 2.5 (OR=2.56,95% CI: 1.97-3.33) and 2.21(1.83-2.67) times higher in women than men, respectively. With every one-year increase in the age, the risk of anxiety decreased by 2% (OR=0.98,95% CI:0.97-0.99). Individuals with higher education had 56% lower risk of anxiety (OR=0.44,95% CI: 0.36-0.55) and 46% depression (OR=0.54,95% CI: 0.46-0.64) than the undergraduate group, and the risk of depression in the inactive (less than one hour of activity per week) group was 27% higher than the active group (OR=1.27,95% CI: 1.06-1.51). The risk of anxiety in the non-smoker group was 65% (OR=0.35,95% CI: 0.20-0.59) and depression was 64% lower than among smokers (OR=0.34,95% CI:0.22-0.53). In the ex-smoker group, the risk of anxiety was 60% (OR=0.40,95% CI:0.19-0.85) and depression was 59% lower than for the smoker group (OR=0.41,95% CI: 0.24-0.73).
This current study’s results demonstrated significant associations between unhealthy lifestyle factors and increased risk of anxiety and depression. Hence, special attention must be paid to preventive intervention programmes aiming to enhance healthy lifestyle among at-risk populations.
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu Z, Lin X, Chiwanda Kaminga A, Xu H. Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on Lifestyle Behaviors and Their Association With Subjective Well-Being Among the General Population in Mainland China: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e21176. [PMID: 32759103 PMCID: PMC7458584 DOI: 10.2196/21176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The world is experiencing an unprecedented challenge due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, it is unclear whether people’s lifestyles will change as a result. Objective The aim of this study is to explore perceived lifestyle changes after the outbreak of COVID-19 and their association with subjective well-being (SWB) among the general population in Mainland China. Methods An online survey was conducted in May 2020. Lifestyle behaviors including leisure-time physical exercise, leisure-time screen time, and dietary intake were self-reported. SWB was measured using the General Wellbeing Schedule (GWS). Other covariates including sociodemographic factors, self-rated physical health, perceived social support, and loneliness were also assessed by a structured questionnaire. A multivariate ordinal regression method was used to analyze the association between SWB and lifestyle behaviors as well as perceived lifestyle changes. Results A total of 1033 participants aged between 18 and 60 years were included in this study. The mean GWS score was 71.7 points. About 70% of the respondents reported spending more time looking at screens, whereas about 30% reported an increased frequency of vegetable and fruit intake after the outbreak of COVID-19. Inactive physical exercise (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, 95% CI 1.02-1.48), infrequent vegetable intake (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10-1.90), infrequent fruit intake (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01-1.70), and often skipping breakfast (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08-1.91) were associated with lower SWB after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, self-rated physical health, perceived social support, and loneliness. Moreover, participants who perceived a decrease in the frequency of vegetable, fruit, and breakfast intake were more likely to report lower SWB. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic may have positive and negative impacts on different aspects of lifestyle behaviors. Both unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and negative lifestyle changes were associated with lower SWB. These findings provide scientific evidence that can inform lifestyle guidelines and public mental health interventions during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Hu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuhui Lin
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Atipatsa Chiwanda Kaminga
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Mzuzu University, Luwinga, Mzuzu, Malawi.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huilan Xu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Biswas T, Scott JG, Munir K, Renzaho AMN, Rawal LB, Baxter J, Mamun AA. Global variation in the prevalence of suicidal ideation, anxiety and their correlates among adolescents: A population based study of 82 countries. EClinicalMedicine 2020; 24:100395. [PMID: 33015595 PMCID: PMC7525128 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation and anxiety are common among adolescents although their prevalence has predominantly been studied in high income countries. This study estimated the population prevalence of suicidal ideation and anxiety and their correlates with peer support, parent-adolescent relationship, peer victimization, conflict, isolation and loneliness across a range of low-income, lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income countries and high-income countries (LMIC-HICs). METHODS Data were drawn from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) of adolescents aged 12-17 years between 2003 and 2015 in 82 LM-HICs from the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. For those countries with repeated time point data in this study, we used data from the most recent survey. We estimated weighted prevalence of suicidal ideation and anxiety by country, region and at a global level with the following questions:-"Did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide during the past 12 months?" and "During the past 12 months, how often have you been so worried about something that you could not sleep at night?". We used multiple binary logistic regression to estimate the adjusted association between adolescent age, sex, socioeconomic status, peer support, parent-adolescent relationship, peer victimization, conflict, isolation and loneliness with suicidal ideation and anxiety. FINDINGS The sample comprised of 275,057 adolescents aged 12-17 years (mean age was 14.6 (SD 1.18) years of whom 51.8% were females). The overall 12 months pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation and anxiety were 14.0% (95% CI 10.0-17.0%) and 9.0% (7.0-12.0%) respectively. The highest pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was observed in the Africa Region (21.0%; 20.0-21.0%) and the lowest was in the Asia region (8.0%, 8.0-9.0%). For anxiety, the highest pooled prevalence was observed in Eastern Mediterranean Region (17.0%, 16.0-17.0%) the lowest was in the European Region (4.0%, 4.0-5.0%). Being female, older age, having a lower socioeconomic status and having no close friends were associated with a greater risk of suicidal ideation and anxiety. A higher levels of parental control was positively associated with a greater likelihood of experiencing suicidal ideation (OR: 1.65, 1.45-1.87) and anxiety (1.53, 1.30-1.80). Parental understanding and monitoring were negatively associated with mental health problems. Similarly, the odds of experiencing suicidal ideation and anxiety were higher among adolescents who had been experiencing peer conflict (1.36, 1.24-1.50; 1.54, 1.40-1.70), peer victimization (1.26, 1.15-1.38; 1.13, 1.02-1.26), peer isolation (1.69, 1.53-1.86; 1.76, 1.61-1.92) and reported loneliness (2.56, 2.33-2.82; 5.63, 5.21-6.08). INTERPRETATIONS Suicidal ideation and anxiety are prevalent among adolescents although there is significant global variation. Parental and peer supports are protective factors against suicidal ideation and anxiety. Peer based interventions to enhance social connectedness and parent skills training to improve parent-child relationships may reduce suicidal ideation and anxiety. Research to inform the factors that influence country and regional level differences in adolescent mental health problems may inform preventative strategies. FUNDING None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Biswas
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James G Scott
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Qld, 4006, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Metro North Mental Health, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kerim Munir
- Developmental Medicine Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andre M N Renzaho
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751 NSW, Australia
| | - Lal B Rawal
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751 NSW, Australia
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Australia
| | - Janeen Baxter
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Abdullah A Mamun
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Health risk behaviour is associated with psychological distress among school-going adolescents in five association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 33:261-265. [PMID: 32549151 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2019-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This investigation aimed to study associations between multiple health risk behaviour and psychological distress among in-school adolescents in five association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 2015 "Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS)" included 33,184 students (mean age 14.3 years, standard deviation (SD) = 1.6 years) that were representative of all students in middle school students in Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand and Timor-Leste. RESULTS The mean prevalence of health risk behaviours was 3.1 (SD = 1.2) (range 0-8), and the prevalence of single psychological distress was 14.6% and multiple psychological distress 8.6%. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, engaging in a greater number of health risk behaviours, being female, older age, food insecurity (experience of hunger) were positively and parental or guardian support and school attendance were negatively associated with both single and multiple psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that the co-occurrence of multiple health risk behaviours is associated with psychological distress among adolescents, which should be considered when designing intervention programmes in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, Polokwane, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jacob L, Stubbs B, Firth J, Smith L, Haro JM, Koyanagi A. Fast food consumption and suicide attempts among adolescents aged 12-15 years from 32 countries. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:63-70. [PMID: 32056938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the fast food consumption-suicide attempt relationship among 105,061 adolescents aged 12-15 years from 32 countries. METHODS This study was based on cross-sectional data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), and included 4 low-income, 13 lower middle-income, 9 upper middle-income, and 6 high-income countries. Data on past 7-day fast food consumption and 12-month suicide attempts were collected. The association between fast food consumption and suicide attempts was investigated with multivariable logistic regression and meta-analysis while adjusting for sex, age, food insecurity (proxy of socioeconomic status), alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, obesity, carbonated soft drink consumption, and fruit and vegetable consumption. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of fast food consumption was high (53.5%) and the proportion of suicide attempts was higher among consumers of fast food compared to non-consumers (11.8% vs. 8.3%). Of the 32 countries included in the study, a positive association between fast food consumption and suicide attempts was found in 26 countries although this was not statistically significant in all countries. The pooled OR (95% CI) based on a meta-analysis was 1.31 (1.17-1.46). LIMITATIONS Since this was a cross-sectional study, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about causality or temporality in the associations assessed. CONCLUSIONS Fast food consumption is positively associated with suicide attempts in adolescents. Further research of longitudinal design is needed to confirm/refute our findings and explore the potential underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Jacob
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Positive Ageing Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shi Z, Malki A, Abdel-Salam ASG, Liu J, Zayed H. Association between Soft Drink Consumption and Aggressive Behaviour among a Quarter Million Adolescents from 64 Countries Based on the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030694. [PMID: 32150827 PMCID: PMC7146469 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft drink consumption has become a significant public health concern that is associated with various adverse health outcomes. We aim to examine the association between soft drink consumption and aggressive behavior among adolescents. We used open access data from 79 studies in 64 countries, including 263,890 adolescents aged 12–18 years who completed the global school-based student health survey (GSHS). Self-reported data on past 30-day carbonated soft drink consumption (number of times per day) and past 12-month physical fighting were utilized for analysis. Of the 263,890 participants (48% boys) aged 12–18 years, the weighted mean frequency of soft drink consumption varied from 0.5 in Kiribati to 2.5 times/day in Surname, while the weighted prevalence of frequent aggressive behavior varied from to 2.7% in Laos to 49.2% in Tuvalu. We found that each increment of soft drink consumption (time/day) was associated with an 11% (95%CI 10–13%) increase of the likelihood of frequent physical fighting. This result remained significant after adjusting for various covariates. In this large pooled sample of multinational data, there is a significant positive association between soft drink consumption and aggressive behavior among adolescents. Reducing soft drink consumption may help reduce aggressive behavior, a major risk factor for violence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zumin Shi
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-4403-6037
| | - Ahmed Malki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (A.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Abdel-Salam G Abdel-Salam
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar;
| | - Jianghong Liu
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (A.M.); (H.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Marttila-Tornio K, Ruotsalainen H, Miettunen J, Männikkö N, Kääriäinen M. Association Between Psychosocial Problems and Unhealthy Health Behavior Patterns Among Finnish Adolescents. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:699-708. [PMID: 32052232 PMCID: PMC7518991 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-00967-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate how psychosocial problems in childhood and adolescence associate with an unhealthy health behavior pattern among adolescents in Northern Finland. The study population consisted of 4350 participants, drawn from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 Study. Health behavior patterns were assessed in adolescence and psychosocial problems in childhood and adolescence. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the associations. Several psychosocial problems predicted greater likelihood of engaging in unhealthy health behavior pattern. Externalizing problems in childhood predicted greater likelihood of engaging in unhealthy behavior patterns for girls. For both genders, externalizing problems and inattention in adolescence were associated with unhealthy health behavior patterns. Boys and girls with externalizing problems both in childhood and adolescence had an increased risk of unhealthy patterns. Psychosocial problems contribute to unhealthy lifestyles and should therefore be acknowledged when designing and targeting health promotion strategies aimed at adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Marttila-Tornio
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Heidi Ruotsalainen
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouko Miettunen
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niko Männikkö
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Kääriäinen
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shekhani SS, Perveen S, Hashmi DES, Akbar K, Bachani S, Khan MM. Suicide and deliberate self-harm in Pakistan: a scoping review. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:44. [PMID: 29433468 PMCID: PMC5809969 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a major global public health problem with more than 800,000 incidents worldwide annually. Seventy-five percent of the global suicides occur in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Pakistan is a LMIC where information on suicidal behavior is limited. The aim of the review is to map available literature on determinants, risk factors and other variables of suicidal behavior in Pakistan. METHOD This study was based on Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework of scoping review, combining peer reviewed publications with grey literature. Ten databases including Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), Cochrane Trials Register (CRG), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), National Library of Medicine Gateway (NLMG), ExcerptaMedica (EMBASE), National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE (PUBMED), PSYCHINFO, Social Science Citation Index and Science Citation Index (SCI) and Pakmedinet.com were searched from the beginning of their time frames until December 2016 using a combination of key terms. The inclusion criteria included studies of various study designs covering different aspects of suicidal behavior in English language. RESULTS Six hundred and twenty three articles were initially retrieved from all ten databases. Two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts for relevance. One hundred and eighteen articles were read in full, out of which 11 were excluded because they did not fit the eligibility criteria. One hundred and ten articles, including two student theses and one report, were included in the final review. Most studies were descriptive in nature, with only three that used a case-control design. Majority of the studies were from urban areas, and addressed determinants rather than risk factors. Gender differences and age were predominantly reported, with more males committing suicide. Suicidal behavior was more common among individuals younger than 30 years of age. The three most common methods for suicides were hanging, poisoning and use of firearms. Mental illness as a risk factor for suicides was mentioned in only three studies. CONCLUSIONS This review is the first attempt to synthesize available literature on suicidal behavior in Pakistan. The evidence is limited, and calls for more robust analytical research designs, along with a focus on risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Sara Bachani
- Drexel University College of Medicine/Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Murad M. Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Oscós-Sánchez MÁ. Youth violence and mental health: repeating exposures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN HEALTHCARE 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/ijhrh-02-2017-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discover and describe salient repeating and less common features of the recent medical literature about youth violence as it relates to mental health. How the relationship between youth violence and mental health is commonly conceptualized, investigated, and reported is summarized. Negative cases, unique approaches, and concepts are discussed.
Design/methodology/approach
An Ovid Medline literature search was conducted with the search parameters of “adolescent and violence” and “psychiatry or psychology or mental health.” In total, 66 articles met inclusion criteria and were analyzed using grounded theory procedures and techniques.
Findings
In all, 49 articles were reports of original research, 14 were literature reviews, and three were editorials. The articles included discussions of youth violence and mental health among young people in 49 countries. Most original research used cross-sectional designs that tested and supported the core hypothesis that greater exposure to violence is associated with more mental health issues. The relationship is robust even though characterizations of “exposure to violence” and “mental health” were highly variable. Meta-analytic and intervention studies were rare.
Originality/value
The core feature of the last decade of medical research has been the repeated testing and confirmation that a relationship between exposure to violence and mental health exists. Future youth violence research should move beyond continuing to test this hypothesis with cross-sectional study designs.
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee G, Han K, Kim H. Risk of mental health problems in adolescents skipping meals: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2012. Nurs Outlook 2017; 65:411-419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
18
|
Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Lifestyle and mental health among school-going adolescents in Namibia. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2016.1268293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand
- Department of Research Innovation and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa
- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand
- Department of Research Innovation and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Is there an association between diet and depression in children and adolescents? A systematic review. Br J Nutr 2017; 116:2097-2108. [PMID: 28093091 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516004359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review critically evaluates previous studies investigating the association between dietary intake of children and young people and depression and related mental health problems. A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases such as PsycINFO, MEDLINE, PubMed and Cochrane. A total of twenty studies were identified that met inclusion criteria and were subsequently rated for quality. The studies used a range of methods to measure dietary intake and mental health. Important potential confounding variables (e.g. socio-economic status) were often not included or controlled. There were also inconsistencies in the use of key constructs, which made comparisons between studies difficult. Despite some contradictory results, overall there was support for an association between healthy dietary patterns or consumption of a high-quality diet and lower levels of depression or better mental health. Similarly, there was a relationship between unhealthy diet and consumption of low-quality diet and depression or poor mental health. However, where significant relationships were reported, effect sizes were small. Future research on the relationship between diet and mental health in young people should use more clearly defined constructs to define diet and include or control for important confounders.
Collapse
|
20
|
Mochimasu KD, Miyatake N, Hase A. A pilot study of the relationship between diet and mental health in female university students enrolled in a training course for registered dietitians. Environ Health Prev Med 2016; 21:345-349. [PMID: 27137815 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-016-0535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present pilot study was to investigate the link between diet and mental health in female university students enrolled in a training course for registered dietitians. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 62 female university students, with a mean age of 18.79 ± 0.45 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. Diet surveys were performed using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Mental health was also evaluated using the general health questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), which was the shortest form and clinically available. Lifestyles such as physical activity levels were also evaluated. RESULTS The mean energy intake was 1379 ± 575 kcal and the mean GHQ score was 3.11 ± 2.41. Among nutrients, vegetable fat and sucrose showed a weak positive correlation with the GHQ scores. Among food groups, potatoes, fats and oils, and confectioneries also showed a weak positive correlation with the GHQ scores. A multiple regression analysis showed that the confectioneries were the determining factor for the GHQ scores. CONCLUSION Proper education concerning their diets and reducing confectioneries in their daily lives might be beneficial for the mental health of female university students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Dokai Mochimasu
- Department of Food Science, Mimasaka University, Tsuyama, Okayama, 708-8511, Japan. .,Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Miyatake
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ayako Hase
- Faculty of Education, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|