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Proaño GV, Rodriguez Moreno LM, Arciniegas MJ, Sifre-Acosta N, Espinal C, Chowdhury R, Hernández Flórez LJ, Palacios C. Effectiveness, barriers, and facilitators of overweight and obesity prevention strategies in Latin America; a scoping review and qualitative study in Colombia. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2024; 29:100656. [PMID: 38250673 PMCID: PMC10797189 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Background This project aimed to synthesize the quantitative/qualitative evidence on the effectiveness of overweight/obesity prevention strategies implemented in Colombia and their barriers and facilitators. Methods A scoping review was conducted by searching PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and the grey literature (2012–2023). In-depth interviews were also conducted among key stakeholders on their perception of these strategies’ effectiveness, barriers, and facilitators. Findings 26 records were included; four studies found positive changes in weight/body mass index, five found positive changes in physical activity, two found positive changes in food intake, and four found positive changes in healthy lifestyle knowledge, perception, attitudes, and habits. The main barrier reported was the obesogenic environment, and the facilitators were program flexibility and community engagement. Eighteen interviews were conducted (one interview per strategy); the main barriers reported were political, lack of evaluation access, economic situation, and lack of articulation; the main facilitators were incorporating the strategy into policies, articulation with stakeholders, and strong oversight. Interpretation Moderate evidence indicates that these strategies positively impact outcomes related to overweight/obesity in Colombia, but more long-term studies are needed for overweight/obesity reduction. Lack of (1) evaluation and resources (barriers), (2) incorporation into policies (facilitators), and (3) strong stakeholder coordination (facilitators) was identified. Funding Global Health Consortium , Department of Global Health , 10.13039/100007681 FIU .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela V. Proaño
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | | | - Niliarys Sifre-Acosta
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Carlos Espinal
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Rajiv Chowdhury
- Department of Global Health, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Cristina Palacios
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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Bravo Thompson H, Zúñiga Cisneros J, Cárdenas C, González E, Nichols E, Frago G, Romero Guerra A. Impact of a Nurse-Led Multidisciplinary Heart Failure Clinic in a Low-Resource Setting: Experience in a Latin American Public Healthcare System. CJC Open 2023; 5:585-592. [PMID: 37496785 PMCID: PMC10366629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nurse-led multidisciplinary heart failure clinics (MDHFCs) play an important role in patient care in developed countries, due to their proven benefits relating to mortality, hospitalization, and quality of life. However, evidence is limited regarding the role of MDHFCs in a limited-resource setting. Methods Patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (n = 89) were enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal cohort, from January 2018 to January 2019. The following endpoints were collected at baseline and after 6 months of follow-up: (i) quality of life, measured using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; (ii) medication adherence using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, 8-item; (iii) titration of HF medications; (iv) self-care behavior using the European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale; and (v) mortality and hospitalizations up to 12 months after. Results The questionnaire score was reduced from 66.5 (interquartile range [IQR], 46-86) at baseline to 26 (IQR, 13-45) at 6 months (P < 0.001). New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improved at 6 months (NYHA I: 41.9%; NYHA II: 39.5%; NYHA III: 17.2%), compared to baseline (NYHA I: 20%; NYHA II: 49%; NYHA III: 31%; P < 0.001). Medication adherence using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale improved the score from 6 (IQR, 4-7) at baseline to 7 (IQR, 6.25-8; P = 0.001) at 6 months. Uptitration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (25% vs 18% at target dose) and beta-blockers (25% vs 11% at target dose) was documented. After 6 months of follow-up, the European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale was applied, showing a score of 18.5 (IQR, 15-22). The mortality reported at 12 months of follow-up was 9.7%, and the incidence of hospitalization was 44%. Conclusion An MDHFC is a feasible strategy to manage an HF clinic in a low-resource setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julio Zúñiga Cisneros
- School of Medicine, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
- Internal Medicine Deparment, Santo Tomás Hospital, Panama City, Panama
| | - César Cárdenas
- School of Medicine, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Eyleen González
- School of Medicine, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Edna Nichols
- Department of Cardiology, Santo Tomas Hospital, Panama City, Panama
| | - Gabriel Frago
- Department of Cardiology, Santo Tomas Hospital, Panama City, Panama
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Bereka SG, Demisse AW, Getahun GK. Prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated risk factors among women civil servants in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021: an institution-based study. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:119. [PMID: 36280893 PMCID: PMC9589629 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal obesity increases the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases, disability, and poor quality of life, as well as health-care costs. It is a component of the metabolic syndrome, along with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated risk factors among female civil servants in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 2021. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was undertaken from March31st to April 15th, 2021.A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 478 study participants. Data was entered into EpiData version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. A descriptive data analysis was used to present the distribution of study variables. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were used to assess the relationship between independent variables and abdominal obesity at 95% CI. The level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05. Result The prevalence of abdominal obesity defined by waist circumference was found to be29.5% (95% CI: 25.39-33.6%) and 32.8% (95% CI: 28.57%-37.03%) by waist hip ratio, respectively. Age group 29-37 years [AOR= 2.451, 95% CI: (1.199-5.013)], age group 38-46 years [AOR=3.807, 95% CI: (1.328-10.914)], age group 47-55 years [AOR=6.489, 95% CI: (1.367-30.805)], being married [AOR= 4.762, 95% CI: (2.321-9.721)],consumption of meat >=5 per week[ AOR= 4.764, 95% CI: (1.939-11.711)], having lunch daily[AOR= 0.388, 95% CI:(0.166-0.910)] and snack consumption [AOR=4.163, 95% CI:(1.503-11.534)] were significantly associated with abdominal obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of abdominal obesity as measured by waist circumference and waist hip ratio was found to be moderate and high, respectively. Age, being married, high consumption of meat, and having lunch daily were identified as associated with abdominal obesity. Healthy diet health education and nutrition intervention should be considered, with a focus on married, meat-consuming, and older age-group female civil servants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-022-00613-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Gebretsadik Bereka
- grid.493105.a0000 0000 9089 2970Department of Nutrition Menelik II Medical and Health Sciences College, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ,Department of Public health, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Assela, Ethiopia
| | - Ayele Worku Demisse
- grid.493105.a0000 0000 9089 2970Department of Nutrition Menelik II Medical and Health Sciences College, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Genanew Kassie Getahun
- grid.493105.a0000 0000 9089 2970Department of Public Health Menelik II Medical and Health Sciences College, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Prevalence of central obesity according to different definitions in normal weight adults of two cross-sectional studies in Panama. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2022; 10:100215. [PMID: 36777687 PMCID: PMC9904116 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Central Obesity (CO) might arise among individuals with normal body mass index (BMI). We aim to estimate the prevalence of Normal Weight CO (NWCO), using different definitions, and to compare its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in the adult population of Panama. Methods Data from two population-based studies conducted in Panama in 2010 and 2019 were used. Using standard definitions, normal weight was defined as a BMI between 18·5 and 24·9 while CO was defined as a Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) ≥ 0·5 in both sexes or a Waist Circumference (WC) ≥ 90, ≥94, or ≥102 cm for men, and 80 or 88 cm for women. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between each CO definition and dyslipidemia, high blood pressure (HBP), diabetes, and clusters of cardiovascular risk factors. Findings Recent CO prevalence ranged between 3·9% (WC ≥ 102 cm for men and WC ≥ 88 cm for women) and 43·9% (WHtR ≥ 0·5) among individuals classify as normal weigh according to the BMI. Different cardiovascular risk factors were present in this normal weight population but among men the threshold of WC ≥ 102 cm screened less than 1·0%. Interpretation NWCO was associated with cardiovascular risk factors, particularly with elevated concentration of triglycerides. CO evaluation at the primary health care level may be a useful technique to identify normal weight people with metabolically obese characteristics. Funding Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health studies via Ministry of Economy and Finance of Panama and Inter-American Development Bank.
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Chen-Ku CH, Grimaldo de Sucre P, Vinocour M, Ramírez-Zamora LC, Andrés-Jiménez F, Slon-Hitti C, Cob A, Rodríguez G. Diabetes Second-Line Medication Prescription Patterns in Costa Rica and Panama: Evidence From the DISCOVER Registry. Cureus 2021; 13:e16060. [PMID: 34354876 PMCID: PMC8328805 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to describe the prescription patterns of second-line medications for patients with diabetes from selected centers in Costa Rica and Panama. METHODS DISCOVER is a registry of patients with type 2 diabetes switching from first- to second-line medications. We analyzed medication choice and the reasons to switch for each country. Results: A total of 219 patients were included during 2014-2016, 127 in Costa Rica and 92 in Panama. The most frequently prescribed first-line medication was metformin, followed by sulphonylureas in Panama, and a combination of metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (iDPP4) in Costa Rica. DPP4 inhibitors plus metformin was the most commonly prescribed second-line medication, followed by metformin combined with sodium-glucose transport protein-2 inhibitor (iSGLT2) in Costa Rica and iDPP4 in monotherapy in Panama. The main reason to switch being efficacy. When choosing the second-line medication, the main reasons behind the switch were efficacy, weight loss, and hypoglycemia risk in both countries (tolerability being also common in Panama). CONCLUSIONS According to the DISCOVER registry, in Costa Rica and Panama, efficacy is the most common reason to switch to second-line medication. Metformin plus iDPP4 was the most commonly prescribed agent.
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Socioeconomic determinants of excess weight and obesity among Indigenous women: findings from the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition in Brazil. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:1941-1951. [PMID: 32476634 PMCID: PMC8094432 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This article assesses the nutritional status of Indigenous women from 14 to 49 years of age in Brazil. Design: Sample size was calculated for each region considering a prevalence of 50 % for all disease outcomes, a relative error of 5 % and a CI of 95 %. In the initial data analysis, the prevalence of excess weight and obesity was calculated according to independent variables. Multivariate multilevel hierarchical analyses were conducted based on a theoretical model of two ranked blocks. Setting: The 2010 Indigenous population in Brazil was 896 000, with approximately 300 Indigenous ethnic groups, making Brazil one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the Americas and the world. Participants: Of the total target sample of 6722 women evaluated by the National Survey, thirty did not participate, 939 were not eligible for analyses due to pregnancy or unknown pregnancy status, and thirty-nine were excluded due to missing anthropometric data. Results: The evaluation of nutritional status was completed for 5714 non-pregnant women (99·3 % of eligible participants for this outcome). High prevalence rates were encountered for both excess weight (46·2 %) and obesity (15·8 %) among the sampled women. In the multivariate analyses, higher socioeconomic indicators, market-integrated living conditions and less reliance on local food production, as well as increased age and parity were associated with excess weight and obesity. Conclusion: Results point to distinct patterns of associations between socioeconomic indicators and the occurrence of excess weight and obesity among Indigenous women, which have potentially significant implications from a public policy perspective for Indigenous peoples in Brazil.
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Kakkad A, Chandler C, Coel M, Spann A, Struhar S, Wilkinson S, Crocker T. Partnering with Panama: Exploring Anthropometrics, Dietary Patterns, and the Built Food Environment of School-aged Children. Ecol Food Nutr 2019; 59:21-34. [PMID: 31430200 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2019.1652821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a global public health concern in developed and developing countries. Approximately 3 in 10 Panamanian children suffer from obesity, and overweight/obesity is responsible for the highest number of premature or avoidable deaths in this country. A formative community assessment and exploration of the built food environment was conducted. Analysis suggests that almost one-third of the children measured were overweight or obese, and the availability of foods recommended for optimal health is limited in this community. Actionable recommendations for intervention and future collaboration were provided, and stakeholders from all groups will continue to explore opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astha Kakkad
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chelsea Chandler
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mikaela Coel
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Adeeba Spann
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Stacey Struhar
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Shannon Wilkinson
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Theresa Crocker
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Alcala M, Gutierrez-Vega S, Castro E, Guzman-Gutiérrez E, Ramos-Álvarez MP, Viana M. Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress: Focus in Obese Pregnancies. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1569. [PMID: 30459642 PMCID: PMC6232303 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in women of childbearing age around the globe has dramatically increased in the last decades. Obesity is characterized by a low-state chronic inflammation, metabolism impairment and oxidative stress, among other pathological changes. Getting pregnant in this situation involves that gestation will occur in an unhealthy environment, that can potentially jeopardize both maternal and fetal health. In this review, we analyze the role of maternal obesity-induced oxidative stress as a risk factor to develop adverse outcomes during gestation, including reduced fertility, spontaneous abortion, teratogenesis, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. Evidences of macromolecule oxidation increase in reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant defense alterations are commonly described in maternal and fetal tissues. Thus, antioxidant supplementation become an interesting prophylactic and therapeutic tool, that yields positive results in cellular, and animal models. However, the results from most meta-analysis studying the effect of these therapies in complicated gestations in humans are not really encouraging. It is still to be analyzed whether these therapies could work if applied to cohorts of patients at a high risk, such as those with low concentration of antioxidants or obese pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Alcala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, CEU San Pablo University – CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares Asociadas a TRastornos del EMbarazo (RIVA-TREM), Chillán, Chile
| | - Sebastián Gutierrez-Vega
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares Asociadas a TRastornos del EMbarazo (RIVA-TREM), Chillán, Chile
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Erica Castro
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares Asociadas a TRastornos del EMbarazo (RIVA-TREM), Chillán, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Enrique Guzman-Gutiérrez
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares Asociadas a TRastornos del EMbarazo (RIVA-TREM), Chillán, Chile
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Maria Pilar Ramos-Álvarez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, CEU San Pablo University – CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares Asociadas a TRastornos del EMbarazo (RIVA-TREM), Chillán, Chile
| | - Marta Viana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, CEU San Pablo University – CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares Asociadas a TRastornos del EMbarazo (RIVA-TREM), Chillán, Chile
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Marija S, Dragan V, Svetlana R, Nela D. Socioeconomic Inequalities in Overweight and Obesity in Serbia: Data from 2013 National Health Survey. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:967. [PMID: 29379437 PMCID: PMC5770809 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sekulic Marija
- Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vasiljevic Dragan
- Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Center of Hygiene and Human Ecology, Institute of Public Health Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Radevic Svetlana
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Djonovic Nela
- Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Center of Hygiene and Human Ecology, Institute of Public Health Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Moreno Velásquez I, Castro F, Gómez B, Cuero C, Motta J. Chronic Kidney Disease in Panama: Results From the PREFREC Study and National Mortality Trends. Kidney Int Rep 2017; 2:1032-1041. [PMID: 29270512 PMCID: PMC5733821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The magnitude of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Panama has yet to be described. We investigated the association between sociodemographic and cardiovascular exposures with CKD in 2 Panamanian provinces. Further, we analyzed national trends of CKD mortality from 2001 to 2014. Methods Data were derived from Prevalencia de Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedad Cardiovascular (PREFREC [Survey on Risk Factors Associated With Cardiovascular Disease]), a cross-sectional study designed to analyze the prevalence of risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease. Biomarkers of kidney function were measured in 3590 participants. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or albuminuria ≥30 mg/g creatinine. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CKD were calculated using logistic regression. We calculated age-standardized CKD mortality rates in the country using the National Mortality Register. Annual percentage change and 95% CIs were estimated to evaluate the trends over time. Results The prevalence of CKD was 12% (reduced eGFR: 3.3%; albuminuria; 9.9%). CKD was associated with hypertension (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2−2.7), age 60 years or older (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2−2.9), and previous myocardial infarction (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.0−5.7), whereas monthly family income was inversely associated with CKD (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.1−0.9) (adjusted). A sustained increase in the trend of CKD mortality was observed from 2001 to 2006, followed by a decreasing trend in subsequent years. Coclé province had the highest adjusted mortality rate. Discussion CKD poses a significant health problem for Panama. Health inequalities and an increase of cardiometabolic risk factors warrant robust epidemiological surveillance, improved diagnosis, and treatment. Further national studies aimed to address geographical disparities are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilais Moreno Velásquez
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
- Correspondence: Ilais Moreno Velásquez, Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, 0816-02593 Panama City, Panama.Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies0816-02593 Panama CityPanama
| | - Franz Castro
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | - Beatriz Gómez
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | - César Cuero
- Ministry of Health, Panama City, Panama
- Latin American Dialysis and Transplant Registry, National Society of Nephrology, Panama City, Panama
| | - Jorge Motta
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
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Carrión Donderis M, Moreno Velásquez I, Castro F, Zúñiga J, Gómez B, Motta J. Analysis of mortality trends due to cardiovascular diseases in Panama, 2001-2014. Open Heart 2016; 3:e000510. [PMID: 28123756 PMCID: PMC5237747 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2016-000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still the leading cause of death worldwide despite the recent decline in mortality rates attributable to CVD in Western Europe and the Americas. The aim of this study is to investigate mortality trends due to ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke in Panama from 2001 to 2014, as well as the mortality differences by sex and age groups. Methods Data were obtained from the National Mortality Register. The International Classification of Diseases 10th revision codes (ICD-10) I20–I25 and I60–I69 were used for IHD and stroke, respectively. Age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated using the world population of the WHO as standard. Trends were analysed using Joinpoint Regression Program and annual percentage changes (APC) were estimated. Results From 2010, the IHD mortality trend began to decline in the whole population of Panama (APC −4.7%, p<0.05). From 2001 to 2014, a decline in the trend for IHD mortality was observed (APC −1.7%, p<0.05) in women, but not in men. Stroke mortality showed a significant annual decline during the study period (APC −3.8%, p<0.05) and it was more pronounced in women (APC −4.5%, p<0.05) than in men (APC −3.3%, p<0.05). Conclusions In Panama, the mortality rates from IHD and stroke have declined in recent years. Better access to healthcare, improved treatment of acute IHD and stroke, low tobacco consumption and better control of hypertension probably account for a significant part of this mortality reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Franz Castro
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies , Panama City , Panama
| | - Julio Zúñiga
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies , Panama City , Panama
| | - Beatriz Gómez
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies , Panama City , Panama
| | - Jorge Motta
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama; National Secretariat for Science and Technology, Panama City, Panama
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Wang R, Zhang P, Gao C, Li Z, Lv X, Song Y, Yu Y, Li B. Prevalence of overweight and obesity and some associated factors among adult residents of northeast China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010828. [PMID: 27456326 PMCID: PMC4964206 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and determine potential influencing factors among adults in northeast China. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jilin Province, northeast China, in 2012. A total of 9873 men and 10 966 women aged 18-79 years from the general population were included using a multistage stratified random cluster sampling design. Data were obtained from face-to-face interview and physical examination. After being weighted according to a complex sampling scheme, the sample was used to estimate the prevalence of overweight (body mass index (BMI) 24-27.9 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI >28 kg/m(2)) in Jilin Province, and analyse influencing factors through corresponding statistical methods based on complex sampling design behaviours. RESULTS The overall prevalence of overweight was 32.3% (male 34.3%; female 30.2%), and the prevalence of obesity was 14.6% (male 16.3%; female 12.8%) in Jilin Province. The prevalence of both overweight and obesity were higher in men than women (p<0.001). Influencing factors included sex, age, marriage status, occupation, smoking, drinking, diet and hours of sleep (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study estimated that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult residents of Jilin Province, northeast China, were high. The results of this study will be submitted to the Health Department of Jilin Province and other relevant departments as a reference, which should inform policy makers in developing education and publicity to prevent and control the occurrence of overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunshi Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China
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