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Mirrafiei A, Radkhah P, Chambari M, Davarzani S, Babaee N, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S. Higher dietary methyl donor micronutrient consumption is associated with higher muscle strength in adults: a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1926-1933. [PMID: 38443195 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Methyl donor micronutrients might affect muscle strength via DNA methylation. We aimed to evaluate the combined relationship of dietary methyl donor micronutrients containing betaine, choline, methionine, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and folate on muscle strength. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 267 subjects including 113 men and 154 women. Dietary intake of micronutrients was assessed utilising a validated 168-item semi-quantitative FFQ, and methyl donor micronutrient score (MDMS) was calculated. The muscle strength of the participants was measured using a digital handgrip dynamometer. The association was determined using linear regression analysis. The mean age of participants was 36·8 ± 13·2 years. After taking into account potential confounding variables, there was no significant association between dietary methyl donor micronutrient score (MDMS) and the mean left-hand muscle strength (β: 0·07, se: 0·05, P = 0·07); however, the changes were significant in the mean right-hand muscle strength (β: 0·09, se: 0·04, P = 0·03). There was also a significant positive relationship between mean muscle strength and methyl donors' intake after fully adjusting for potential confounders (β: 0·08, se: 0·04, P = 0·04). In conclusion, our findings revealed that higher dietary methyl donor micronutrient consumption is associated with enhanced muscle strength. As a result, advice on a higher intake of methyl donor-rich foods including grains, nuts, dairy products and seafood might be recommended by dietitians as a general guideline to adhere to. Additional prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mirrafiei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Radkhah
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahla Chambari
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samira Davarzani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nadia Babaee
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Sánchez-Delgado JC, Cohen DD, Camacho-López PA, Carreño-Robayo J, Castañeda-Hernández A, García-González D, Martínez-Bello D, Aroca-Martinez G, Parati G, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Handgrip Strength Is Associated with Specific Aspects of Vascular Function in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2435. [PMID: 37760876 PMCID: PMC10525985 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disorder associated with an increased risk for the development of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Lower isometric handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the association between HGS and arterial stiffness parameters, which are considered the predictors of morbidity and mortality in individuals with MetS, is not well defined. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between HGS and HGS asymmetry on components of vascular function in adults with MetS. METHODS We measured handgrip strength normalized to bodyweight (HGS/kg), HGS asymmetry, body composition, blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV), reflection coefficient (RC), augmentation index @75 bpm (AIx@75) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) in 55 adults with a diagnosis of MetS between 25 and 54 years old. RESULTS Mean age was 43.1 ± 7.0 years, 56.3% were females. HGS/kg was negatively correlated with AIx@75 (r = -0.440), p < 0.05, but these associations were not significant after adjusting for age and sex. However, when interaction effects between sex, HGS/kg and age were examined, we observed an inverse relationship between HGS/kg and AIx@75 in the older adults in the sample, whereas in the younger adults, a weak direct association was found. We also found a significant association between HGS asymmetry and PVR (beta = 30, 95% CI = 7.02; 54.2; p <0.012). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that in people with MetS, maintaining muscle strength may have an increasingly important role in older age in the attenuation of age-related increases in AIx@75-a marker of vascular stiffness-and that a higher HGS asymmetry could be associated with a greater vascular resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Sánchez-Delgado
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
- Grupo de Investigación Ser Cultura y Movimiento, Universidad Santo Tomás-Bucaramanga, Santander 680001, Colombia;
| | - Daniel D. Cohen
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, V94T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Javier Carreño-Robayo
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
| | - Alvaro Castañeda-Hernández
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
| | - Daniel García-González
- Grupo de Investigación Ser Cultura y Movimiento, Universidad Santo Tomás-Bucaramanga, Santander 680001, Colombia;
| | - Daniel Martínez-Bello
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
| | - Gustavo Aroca-Martinez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia;
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Istituto Auxologico Italuano & University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Piazza Brescia, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
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Biber DD. An Analysis of an Exercise is Medicine on Campus ® Program: A Case Report. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023; 17:479-484. [PMID: 37426727 PMCID: PMC10328199 DOI: 10.1177/15598276231165491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of an Exercise is Medicine on Campus® program on university student biometrics and muscular endurance. It was hypothesized that participants in the 12-week program would experience significant improvements in body mass index, blood pressure, body fat percentage, waist circumference, and muscular endurance. METHODS To be eligible for the program, participants must have met two of the three criteria: (1) blood pressure over 140 and/or 90 (3 consecutive measurements over 2 weeks), (2) BMI over 30, and/or (3) diagnosed chronic condition or currently taking medication for chronic condition. Participants engaged in six bi-weekly exercise instructional meetings that lasted approximately 30 minutes in length. Participants completed measures of resting heart rate, waist-to-hip ratio, body composition percentage via bioelectrical impedance, and muscular endurance before and after the program. RESULTS Although not statistically significant, there was a decrease in BMI, blood pressure, body fat percentage, and waist circumference from pre- to post-program. Two-tailed t-tests revealed significant improvements in squats (P = .04), pushups (P = .05), and curl-ups (P = .03) from pre- to post-program. CONCLUSION The results are discussed in terms of current research and future university campus application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duke D. Biber
- Department of Health Promotion and Physical Education, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
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Caamaño-Navarrete F, Jerez-Mayorga D, Alvarez C, Del-Cuerpo I, Cresp-Barría M, Delgado-Floody P. Muscle Quality Index in Morbidly Obesity Patients Related to Metabolic Syndrome Markers and Cardiorespiratory Fitness. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112458. [PMID: 37299421 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle quality index (MQI) is an emerging health indicator obtained by dividing handgrip strength by body mass index (BMI) that needs to be studied in morbidly obese patients (defined by BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). OBJECTIVE To determine the association between MQI, metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and as a second objective to determine the potential mediation role of MQI in the relationship between abdominal obesity and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in this sample. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 86 severely/morbidly obese patients (age = 41.1 ± 11.9 y, nine men). MQI, metabolic syndrome markers, CRF, and anthropometric parameters were measured. Two groups were developed according to MQI; High-MQI (n = 41) and Low-MQI (n = 45). RESULTS The Low-MQI group reported higher abdominal obesity (High-MQI: 0.7 ± 0.1 vs. Low-MQI: 0.8 ± 0.1 WC/height; p = 0.011), SBP (High-MQI: 133.0 ± 17.5 vs. Low-MQI: 140.1 ± 15.1 mmHg; p = 0.048), and lower CRF (High-MQI; 26.3 ± 5.9 vs. Low-MQI; 22.4 ± 6.1 mL/kg/min, p = 0.003) than the High-MQI group. Waist-to-height ratio (β: -0.07, p = 0.011), SBP (β: -18.47, p = 0.001), and CRF (β: 5.21, p = 0.011) were linked to MQI. In a mediation model, the indirect effect confirms that MQI is a partial mediator of the association between abdominal obesity with SBP. CONCLUSIONS MQI in morbidly obesity patients reported an inverse association with MetS markers and a positive association with CRF (VO2max). It mediates the relationship between abdominal obesity and SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Jerez-Mayorga
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristian Alvarez
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Indya Del-Cuerpo
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Mauricio Cresp-Barría
- Departamento de Educación e Innovación, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
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Sato T, Fujihara K, Yamada MH, Chou K, Yaguchi Y, Kitazawa M, Ishiguro H, Osawa T, Yamada T, Kodama S, Kato K, Sone H. Utility of a Physical Fitness Score in Screening for Chronic Diseases. J Sports Sci Med 2023; 22:98-110. [PMID: 36876177 PMCID: PMC9982533 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2023.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
We developed a new Physical Score (PS) consisting of comprehensive physical fitness indicators and elucidated the association between the resultant PS and metabolic diseases, i.e., diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, and metabolic syndrome (MetS), among Japanese. Analyzed were 49,850 persons (30,039 men) aged 30 to 69 y who underwent physical fitness tests. Principal component analysis was performed on the correlation matrix of the physical fitness test results (relative grip strength, single-leg balance with eyes closed, and forward bending) according to sex and age. We defined the PS as the first principal component score. A formula was developed for various age groups comprised of men and women from 30 to 69 years of age from which the PS for each age and sex was calculated. The PS for both men and women was normally distributed with a value of 0 ± 1.15-1.16. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of metabolic diseases increased approximately 1.1-1.6 times per each 1-point reduction in the PS. The association between PS and MetS was particularly strong in that a 1-point reduction in the PS increased the risk of MetS by 1.54 times (95% confidence interval 1.46 to 1.62) in men and by 1.21 times (1.15 to 1.28) in women. The association between a lower PS and disease risk was stronger in younger men for fatty liver and in older men for MetS. Conversely, in women, the association between a lower PS and disease risk was stronger in older women for fatty liver and in younger women for MetS. For diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, the change in the impact of PS reductions across age groups was small. The PS is a useful and simple non-invasive tool for screening Japanese people for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Sato
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujihara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mayuko Harada Yamada
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaori Chou
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuta Yaguchi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masaru Kitazawa
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hajime Ishiguro
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Taeko Osawa
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takaho Yamada
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promotion of Health Checkup, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kiminori Kato
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promotion of Health Checkup, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
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Dewi RC, Wirjatmadi B. Physical activity, exercise habits, and body mass index of adults. HEALTHCARE IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS 2023. [DOI: 10.4081/hls.2023.11197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The risk of degenerative diseases begins to appear in adulthood. Physical activity and exercise habits prevent the incidence of obesity which is a risk factor for degenerative diseases' emergence. Therefore, this study aims toexamine the relationship between physical activity, exercise habits, body mass index, and fat mass percentage.
Design and Methods: This study used an analytic observational cross-sectional design and 32 office workers in Surabaya aged 28-56 years were selected by simple random sampling technique. The data collected included measurements of physical activity, exercise habits, anthropometry, and body composition, which were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation test.
Results: The results showed that 46.9% of participants had moderate activity, 43.8% exercised 1-2x a week, 56.3% exercised for 20-60 minutes, 56.30% had a low exercise intensity, 62.50% had an overweight body mass index, and 71.9% had overfat mass percentage. Spearman's rank test showed a significant relationship between energy intake, physical activity, exercise frequency, duration and intensity, and body mass index as well as between energy intake, physical activity, exercise intensity, and body fat percentage.
Conclusions: Increased physical activity and exercise habits were associated with decreased BMI and body fat percentage.
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Torres-Costoso A, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Fernández-Rodríguez R, Sequí-Dominguez I, Reina-Gutiérrez S, Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo S, Garrido-Miguel M. Dietary Calcium Intake and Fat Mass in Spanish Young Adults: The Role of Muscle Strength. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124498. [PMID: 34960051 PMCID: PMC8705271 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is declared as a chronic multifaceted health problem, and young adults may be particularly vulnerable to weight gain. This study aims to identify the role of dietary calcium intake and the muscle strength index in handling excess of fat mass in young adults and to examine if the relationship between dietary calcium intake and fat mass percentage is mediated by muscle strength. A cross-sectional study including 355 Spanish college students (aged 21.05 ± 3.11) was performed during the 2017–2018 academic year. Pearson correlation coefficients were estimated to determine the relationship between dietary calcium intake, fat mass percentage, body mass index, muscle strength components, and total energy intake. ANCOVA models were used to analyze the differences in the muscle strength index by total dietary calcium intake categories, as well as the differences in % fat mass by total dietary calcium intake and muscle strength index categories, controlling for different sets of confounders. A mediator analysis was conducted to test if the relationship between dietary calcium intake and fat mass percentage was explained by muscle strength. Data on the fat mass percentage, dietary calcium intake, and muscle strength index as the sum of the standardized z-score of the standing long jump and z-score of handgrip/weight were collected. The muscle strength index was significantly better in young adults with higher dietary calcium intake. Moreover, the fat mass percentage was significantly lower in those with a higher dietary calcium intake and a better muscle strength index. Finally, the relationship between dietary calcium intake and fat mass percentage was fully mediated by muscle strength (z = −1.90; p < 0.05), explaining 33.33% of this relationship. This study suggests that both a major dietary calcium intake and muscle strength are associated with fat mass percentage. Moreover, muscle strength mediates the link between dietary calcium intake and fat mass percentage. Therefore, both high dietary calcium intake and exercise activities aimed at improving muscle strength levels may help to prevent the cardiometabolic risk associated with an excess of fat mass in young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Torres-Costoso
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
- Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (R.F.-R.); (I.S.-D.); (S.R.-G.); (S.N.d.A.-A.); (M.G.-M.)
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (R.F.-R.); (I.S.-D.); (S.R.-G.); (S.N.d.A.-A.); (M.G.-M.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-969179100
| | - Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez
- Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (R.F.-R.); (I.S.-D.); (S.R.-G.); (S.N.d.A.-A.); (M.G.-M.)
| | - Irene Sequí-Dominguez
- Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (R.F.-R.); (I.S.-D.); (S.R.-G.); (S.N.d.A.-A.); (M.G.-M.)
| | - Sara Reina-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (R.F.-R.); (I.S.-D.); (S.R.-G.); (S.N.d.A.-A.); (M.G.-M.)
| | - Sergio Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo
- Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (R.F.-R.); (I.S.-D.); (S.R.-G.); (S.N.d.A.-A.); (M.G.-M.)
| | - Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (R.F.-R.); (I.S.-D.); (S.R.-G.); (S.N.d.A.-A.); (M.G.-M.)
- Facultad de Enfermería de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Meo SA, Abukhalaf AA, Alomar AA, Sami W, Meo AS. Prevalence of Prediabetes and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Cricket Players: Multi-Cricket Clubs Cross Sectional Study. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 37:959-965. [PMID: 34290766 PMCID: PMC8281153 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.37.4.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Sports activities are highly beneficial for improving the human health and reducing the risk of diseases. This cross sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of prediabetes and Type-2 diabetes mellitus in cricket players compared to population based non-elite athlete control subjects. Methods: The present matched cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period October 2019 to February 2020. Initially, 700 volunteer males, (300) cricket players and (400) population based non-elite athlete control subjects were interviewed. After socio-demographic and medical history, (200) nonsmoker cricket players and (300) nonsmoker control subjects were recruited. The age of cricket players was 34 (32-37) years, weight 81 (76-84) kg, height 1.79 (1.74-1.84) meters, and body mass index (BMI) was 25.09 (23.66-26.76) kg/m2. The cricket players have been playing cricket for 4 (3-4) hours per day; 3.50 (3-4) days per week; for the total period of 24 (12-36) months. American Diabetes Association (ADA) based criteria on Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) was used to investigate the prediabetes and Type-2 diabetes mellitus. Results: In cricket players, the prevalence of prediabetes was 23 (11.5%) and Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was 7 (3.5%) compared to population based matched non-elite athlete control subjects the prediabetes was 73 (24.34%) and T2DM was 63 (21.1%) (p=0.001). Among cricket players, there was a 6-folds decrease in T2DM compared to control subjects. Conclusions: The cricket sports activities decrease the prevalence of prediabetes and Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among the cricket players compared to population based matched non-elite athlete control subjects. The study findings demonstrate the urgent need for promoting sports activities, more cricket grounds as a physiological preventive strategy against the global growing diabetes epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Ayoub Meo
- Sultan Ayoub Meo, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah Adnan Abukhalaf
- Abdulelah Adnan Abukhalaf, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Alomar
- Ali Abdullah Alomar, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Sami
- Waqas Sami, Department of Public Health, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anusha Sultan Meo
- Anusha Sultan Meo, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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9
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Lopez-Lopez JP, Cohen DD, Ney-Salazar D, Martinez D, Otero J, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Camacho PA, Sanchez-Vallejo G, Arcos E, Narvaez C, Garcia H, Perez M, Molina DI, Cure C, Sotomayor A, Rico Á, Hernandez-Triana E, Duran M, Cotes F, Leong DP, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Lopez-Jaramillo P. The prediction of Metabolic Syndrome alterations is improved by combining waist circumference and handgrip strength measurements compared to either alone. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:68. [PMID: 33752666 PMCID: PMC7986558 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adiposity is a major component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), low muscle strength has also been identified as a risk factor for MetS and for cardiovascular disease. We describe the prevalence of MetS and evaluate the relationship between muscle strength, anthropometric measures of adiposity, and associations with the cluster of the components of MetS, in a middle-income country. Methods MetS was defined by the International Diabetes Federation criteria. To assess the association between anthropometric variables (waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (W/H), body mass index (BMI)), strength (handgrip/kg bodyweight (HGS/BW)) and the cluster of MetS, we created a MetS score. For each alteration (high triglycerides, low HDLc, dysglycemia, or high blood pressure) one point was conferred. To evaluate the association an index of fat:muscle and MetS score, participants were divided into 9 groups based on combinations of sex-specific tertiles of WC and HGS/BW. Results The overall prevalence of MetS in the 5,026 participants (64% women; mean age 51.2 years) was 42%. Lower HGS/BW, and higher WC, BMI, and W/H were associated with a higher MetS score. Amongst the 9 HGS/BW:WC groups, participants in the lowest tertile of HGS/BW and the highest tertile of WC had a higher MetS score (OR = 4.69 in women and OR = 8.25 in men;p < 0.01) compared to those in the highest tertile of HGS/BW and in the lowest tertile of WC. Conclusion WC was the principal risk factor for a high MetS score and an inverse association between HGS/BW and MetS score was found. Combining these anthropometric measures improved the prediction of metabolic alterations over either alone. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-021-01256-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose P Lopez-Lopez
- Institute Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Santander, Colombia.,Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bloque G, piso 6. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Daniel D Cohen
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bloque G, piso 6. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Daniela Ney-Salazar
- Institute Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Santander, Colombia
| | - Daniel Martinez
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bloque G, piso 6. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Johanna Otero
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bloque G, piso 6. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Diego Gomez-Arbelaez
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bloque G, piso 6. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Paul A Camacho
- Institute Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Santander, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Maritza Perez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Dora I Molina
- Universidad de Caldas y Médicos Internistas de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Carlos Cure
- BIOMELAB Research Center, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Myriam Duran
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bloque G, piso 6. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Salim Yusuf
- PHRI, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Institute Masira, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Santander, Colombia. .,Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bloque G, piso 6. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia.
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10
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Morel S, Delvin E, Marcil V, Levy E. Intestinal Dysbiosis and Development of Cardiometabolic Disorders in Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Critical Review. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:223-251. [PMID: 32390455 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Survivors of pediatric cancers have a high risk of developing side effects after the end of their treatments. Many potential factors have been associated with the onset of cardiometabolic disorders (CMD), including cancer disease itself, chemotherapy, hormonal treatment, radiotherapy, and genetics. However, the precise etiology and underlying mechanisms of these long-term complications are poorly understood. Recent Advances: Greater awareness is currently paid to the role of microbiota in the emergence of cancers and modulation of cancer therapies in both children and adults. Alterations in the composition and diversity of intestinal microbiota can clearly influence tumor development and progression as well as immune responses and clinical output. As dysbiosis is closely linked to the development of host metabolic diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, it may increase the risk of CMD in cancer populations. Critical Issues: Only limited studies targeting the profile of intestinal dysbiosis before and after cancer treatment have been conducted. Further, the exact contribution of intestinal dysbiosis to the development of CMD in cancer survivors is poorly appreciated. This review intends to clarify the influence of gut microbiota on CMD in childhood cancer survivors, elucidate the potential mechanisms, and evaluate the latest research on the interplay between diet/food supplement, microbiota, and cancer-related CMD. Future Directions: The implication of intestinal dysbiosis in late metabolic complications of childhood cancer survivors should be clarified. Intervention strategies could be developed to reduce the risk of survivors to CMD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 223-251.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Morel
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Nutrition and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Nutrition and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Nutrition and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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11
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Eather N, Babic M, Riley N, Harris N, Jung M, Jeffs M, Barclay B, Lubans DR. Integrating high-intensity interval training into the workplace: The Work-HIIT pilot RCT. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 30:2445-2455. [PMID: 32854153 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention integrated into the workplace on physical and mental health outcomes in a sample of adults. The Work-HIIT intervention was evaluated at the University of Newcastle (March-July 2019). University employees (18+ years) who self-identified as predominantly sedentary at work (n = 47, 43.0 ± 10.7 years; 41 female) were recruited, screened, and randomized after baseline assessments into Work-HIIT (n = 24) or wait-list control (n = 23) conditions. Participants were asked to attend 2-3 researcher-facilitated HIIT sessions/week (weeks 1-8). Sessions included a 2-minute gross-motor warm-up, followed by various combinations of aerobic and muscular fitness exercises lasting 8 minutes (using 30:30 second work: rest intervals). Program feasibility was assessed using measures of satisfaction, compliance, adherence, fidelity, and retention. Physiological and psychological outcomes were measured at baseline and 9 weeks. Feasibility data were investigated using descriptive statistics and efficacy outcomes determined using linear mixed models and Cohen's d effect sizes. Participant ratings showed high levels of satisfaction (4.6/5); 71% of participants attended ≥2 sessions/wk and averaged 85.9% HRmax across all sessions (including rest and work intervals). Small-to-medium positive effects resulted for cardiorespiratory fitness [+2.9 laps, 95% CI (-4.19-10.14); d = 0.34] and work productivity [+0.26, d = 0.47]. Large positive effects resulted for muscular fitness [push-ups +3.5, d = 0.95; standing jump +10.1 cm, d = 1.12]; HIIT self-efficacy [+16.53, d = 1.57]; sleep [weekday +0.76 hours, d = 1.05]; and autonomous motivation [+0.23, d = 0.76]. This study supports the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of facilitator-led Work-HIIT as a time-efficient, enjoyable, and convenient workplace exercise option for adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narelle Eather
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Babic
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Riley
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Nigel Harris
- Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mary Jung
- University of British Columbia, Callaghan, BC, Canada
| | - Mikeelie Jeffs
- Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Briana Barclay
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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12
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Effect of Resistance Training Intensity on Blood Pressure in Older Women. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 29:225-232. [PMID: 32887851 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effects of resistance training performed with low versus moderate loads on systemic resting blood pressure (BP) in older women. A total of 29 women (72.6 ± 5.1 years) were randomized into two groups: low load (LOW, n = 15) and moderate load (MOD, n = 14). An 8-week whole-body resistance training program was carried out 3 days/week (eight exercises, three sets, 10 or 15 repetition maximum). The LOW and MOD groups trained with a relative load of 15 and 10 repetition maximum, respectively. Outcome measures included resting systolic and diastolic BP. After 8 weeks, both groups presented significant changes (p < .05) in systolic BP (LOW = -3.0%; MOD = -4.6%) and mean BP (LOW = -1.9%; MOD = -3.1%). There was no change for diastolic BP in the posttest in both groups. The results suggest that low and moderate loads are equally effective for promoting decreases in resting BP in older women.
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13
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Hao G, Chen H, Ying Y, Wu M, Yang G, Jing C. The Relative Handgrip Strength and Risk of Cardiometabolic Disorders: A Prospective Study. Front Physiol 2020; 11:719. [PMID: 32714207 PMCID: PMC7344191 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and cardiometabolic disorders (CMD), including hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, in a prospective study. Methods The association between HGS and CMD was examined using the data from 5,271 Chinese adult participants ≥45 years old enrolled in the CHARLS (Chinese Health and Retirement Prospective Cohort Study) during 2011-2015. Relative HGS, calculated as maximal absolute HGS from both hands divided by body mass index, was used in the primary analysis and divided into three groups according to the tertiles (T1, T2, and T3). Results The participants with higher relative HGS had a lower risk of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia than those with lower HGS, although did not reach statistical significance for diabetes and hypertension in males. Participants with higher HGS had significantly lower risk of hypertension [T3 vs. T1: OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.51-0.91, P = 0.010] and dyslipidemia (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.51-0.83, P < 0.001) in males. For females, participants with higher HGS had significantly lower risks of dyslipidemia (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.54-0.83, P < 0.001). Conclusion A consistent association was observed between higher relative HGS and lower risk of CMD. Further research is required to evaluate whether relative HGS can be a convincing predictor for the occurrence of CMD and as a target for intervention in the high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Hao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Endemic Disease, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Ying
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Jing
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Active Commuting and Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082721. [PMID: 32326557 PMCID: PMC7215703 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical fitness (PF) is considered an excellent biomarker of health. One possible strategy to improve PF levels is active commuting. This review, performed accordingly to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines includes scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals up to December 2019 that aim at examining the relationship between active travel/commuting and PF. The search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Sixteen studies were included in this review. Findings from the 16 studies were unclear. From the eleven studies on children and adolescents screened, eight were cross-sectional, one prospective cohort, one quasi-experimental, and one experimental. From the five studies on adults, four were experimental and one cross-sectional. Body mass, waist circumference, skinfolds, fat mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, upper and lower strength tests were performed in children, adolescents, and adults. Agility and speed tests were performed only in the young age groups. Majority of the investigations on young ages and adults have shown positive effects or relationships between active commuting and several attributes of PF. However, to avoid misconceptions, there is a need for future robust investigation to identify potential mediators or confounders in this relationship. More robust investigations are essential to understand how and whether decision-makers and public health authorities can use active travel/commuting as a strategy to improve PF in all ages.
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15
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Klitgaard HB, Kilbak JH, Nozawa EA, Seidel AV, Magkos F. Physiological and Lifestyle Traits of Metabolic Dysfunction in the Absence of Obesity. Curr Diab Rep 2020; 20:17. [PMID: 32232577 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-020-01302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Individuals with metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) have an adverse cardiometabolic risk factor profile in the absence of excess body weight, and increased risk for diabetes and heart disease. We critically review some physiological traits and lifestyle characteristics of the MUNW phenotype. RECENT FINDINGS The prevalence of MUNW varies considerably around the world and among ethnicities, partly because of different definitions; on average, this phenotype affects about ~ 30% of normal weight persons globally. Most studies have recruited MUNW subjects who, although within the normal weight range, are significantly "more obese" than their metabolically healthy lean peers (greater body mass index or total body fat); hence one cannot ascertain whether observed differences are true traits of the MUNW phenotype of simply secondary to greater relative adiposity within the normal range. Carefully matched studies have indicated that MUNW can exist in the absence of excess total body fat. These subjects have a preferential accumulation of fat in the upper body (abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues) and the liver, but not skeletal muscle; perhaps surprisingly, this predominantly "android" fat distribution does not translate into increased waist circumference. The MUNW phenotype is associated with lower aerobic fitness and muscle mass and strength, but whether this is simply due to inadequate regular physical activity is not entirely clear. Likewise, no consistent associations have been found between any dietary factors and the development of MUNW phenotype, but diet-induced modest weight loss facilitates its resolution. Delineating the mechanisms leading to metabolic dysfunction in the absence of increased body weight and body fat will likely reveal important targets for improving metabolic health and eventually for reducing the burden of cardiometabolic disease, not only in individuals with normal body weight but also in people with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Bjørk Klitgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Hoffmann Kilbak
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erica Arhnung Nozawa
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann V Seidel
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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16
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Brennan AM, Standley RA, Yi F, Carnero EA, Sparks LM, Goodpaster BH. Individual Response Variation in the Effects of Weight Loss and Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiometabolic Risk in Older Adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:632. [PMID: 33013705 PMCID: PMC7511700 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Weight loss induced by decreased energy intake (diet) or exercise generally has favorable effects on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk. The variation in these responses to diet-induced weight loss with or without exercise, particularly in older obese adults, is less clear. The objectives of our study were to (1) examine the effect of weight loss with or without exercise on the variability of responses in insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk factors and (2) to explore whether baseline phenotypic characteristics are associated with response. Sedentary older obese (BMI 36.3 ± 5.0 kg/m2) adults (68.6 ± 4.7 years) were randomized to one of 3 groups: health education control (HED); diet-induced weight loss (WL); or weight loss and exercise (WL + EX) for 6 months. Composite Z-scores were calculated for changes in insulin sensitivity (C_IS: rate of glucose disposal/insulin at steady state during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, HOMA-IR, and HbA1C) and cardiometabolic risk (C_CMR: waist circumference, triglycerides, and fasting glucose). Baseline measures included body composition (MRI), cardiorespiratory fitness, in vivo mitochondrial function (ATPmax; P-MRS), and muscle fiber type. WL + EX groups had a greater proportion of High Responders in both C_IS and C_CMR compared to HED and WL only (all p < 0.05). Pre-intervention measures of insulin (r = 0.60) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.56) were associated with change in insulin sensitivity (C_IS) in the WL group (p < 0.05). Pre-intervention measures of glucose (r = 0.55), triglycerides (r = 0.53), and VLDL (r = 0.53) were associated with change in cardiometabolic risk (C_CMR) in the WL group (p < 0.05), whereas triglycerides (r = 0.59) and VLDL (r = 0.59) were associated with C_CMR (all p < 0.05) in WL + EX. Thus, the addition of exercise to diet-induced weight loss increases the proportion of older obese adults who improve insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk. Additionally, individuals with poorer metabolic status are more likely to experience greater improvements in cardiometabolic risk during weight loss with or without exercise.
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17
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Eather N, Riley N, Miller A, Smith V, Poole A, Vincze L, Morgan PJ, Lubans DR. Efficacy and feasibility of HIIT training for university students: The Uni-HIIT RCT. J Sci Med Sport 2018; 22:596-601. [PMID: 30509862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and feasibility of an 8-week high-intensity interval training program (Uni-HIIT) for young adult students in a university setting. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. METHOD Uni-HIIT was conducted at the University of Newcastle, Australia (February-June, 2017). Participants were university students 18-25yrs (n=53; 20.38±1.88yrs) randomized into the Uni HIIT program (n=26) or wait-list control (n=27) condition. Participants were required to attend up to three HIIT sessions/week for 8-weeks which included a variety of aerobic and muscular fitness exercise combinations lasting 8-12minutes (using 30:30sec rest:work intervals). The primary outcome was cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF) (20mSRT), and secondary outcomes included muscular fitness (standing jump, push-ups), body composition (InBody), executive function (Trail Making Test), anxiety levels (State Trait Anxiety Inventory) and perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale). Linear mixed models were used to analyse outcomes and Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated. Process evaluation measures of recruitment, retention, attendance and satisfaction were conducted. RESULTS A large significant group-by-time effect resulted for CRF [8.4 shuttles (95% CI(2.9-13.9), P=0.004,d=1.08] and muscular fitness [4.0 repetitions (95% CI(1.2-6.8), P=0.006,d=0.99], and moderate effect size was observed for Trail B [-5.9seconds (95% CI(-11.8-0.1.0), P=0.052, d=0.63]. No significant intervention effects were found for body composition, standing jump, anxiety or perceived stress (P >0.05). High ratings of participant satisfaction (4.73), enjoyment (4.54) and perceived value (4.54) were observed. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the efficacy and feasibility of delivering a novel HIIT program in the university setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narelle Eather
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nicholas Riley
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Miller
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Veronica Smith
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Poole
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa Vincze
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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18
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Fernández-Ortega JA, Hoyos-Cuartas LA, Ruiz-Arias FA. Association between metabolic risk markers, body composition and different manifestations of strength in young adults. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2018. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v66n4.66132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: For decades, low levels of muscle strength (MS) have been associated with an increased risk of mortality from all causes.Objective: To identify the correlation between values of different manifestations of MS and metabolic risk markers (MRM) in young university students.Materials and methods: The study included 50 participants (37 men, 13 women), aged between 19 and 23 years. The grip strength of both hands and the muscular strength of upper and lower limbs were evaluated, as well as height, weight, body mass index (BMI), skin folds, HDL, cholesterol and triglycerides.Results: No significant associations between MRM and the different manifestations of MS were found.Conclusion: MS and MRM are separately associated with mortality risk factors and with suffering from cardiovascular diseases
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19
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Momma H, Sawada SS, Kato K, Gando Y, Kawakami R, Miyachi M, Huang C, Nagatomi R, Tashiro M, Ishizawa M, Kodama S, Iwanaga M, Fujihara K, Sone H. Physical Fitness Tests and Type 2 Diabetes Among Japanese: A Longitudinal Study From the Niigata Wellness Study. J Epidemiol 2018; 29:139-146. [PMID: 30058613 PMCID: PMC6414803 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20170280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simple physical fitness test can be a useful potential predictor of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We examined the association between performances on simple physical fitness tests and the incidence of T2DM. METHODS This longitudinal study was conducted in 21,802 nondiabetic Japanese (6,649 women) aged 20 to 92 years, who underwent all physical fitness tests at baseline (April 2001 to March 2002). From April 2001 to March 2008, physical fitness tests, including grip strength, vertical jump, single-leg balance with eyes closed, forward bending, whole-body reaction time, and supine legs-up, were performed every year. Participants had physical fitness tests at least two times during the period. T2DM was also annually determined based on fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and self-reported diabetes during the period. Discrete-time logit models were used to examine the influence of the serial level of each physical fitness test on the incidence of T2DM. RESULTS During the entire study period, 972 participants developed diabetes. Lower relative grip strength (grip strength/body weight) and single-leg balance performance were associated with a higher incidence of T2DM. For relative grip strength, as compared with the fourth quartile group, the odds ratios for other groups ranged from 1.16 to 1.56 (P for trend < 0.001). For single-leg balance, the odds ratios ranged from 1.03 to 1.49 (P for trend < 0.001). CONCLUSION The performance of a simple single-leg balance test as well as that of a grip strength test were negatively associated with the risk of T2DM among Japanese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Momma
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering.,Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition.,Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Susumu S Sawada
- Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | - Kiminori Kato
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology for Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Yuko Gando
- Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | | | - Motohiko Miyachi
- Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Zhejiang University.,Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering.,Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Masahiro Ishizawa
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology for Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Midori Iwanaga
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kazuya Fujihara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
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20
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Henriksson H, Henriksson P, Tynelius P, Ortega FB. Muscular weakness in adolescence is associated with disability 30 years later: a population-based cohort study of 1.2 million men. Br J Sports Med 2018; 53:1221-1230. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the associations of muscular strength in adolescence with later disability pension (DP), across different body mass index (BMI) categories and in combination with aerobic fitness.MethodThis prospective cohort study consisted of males aged 16–19 years, recruited from the Swedish military conscription register between 1969 and 1994. A total of 1 212 503 adolescents met all the inclusion criteria and were therefore included in the analyses. Knee extension, handgrip and elbow flexion strength and aerobic fitness (bicycle ergometer test) were measured during conscription. Causes of DP were retrieved from the Social Insurance Office between years 1971 and 2012 (average follow-up time: 29.6 years).ResultsKnee extension strength in adolescence was inversely associated with men’s risk of obtaining DP due to all causes (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.36 to 1.44 for lowest vs highest strength quintile). Thus, muscular weakness was associated with DP. The risk associated with low muscular strength differed between specific causes of DP and the strongest associations were found for psychiatric, nervous system and other causes (HRs between 1.47 and 1.90 for lowest vs highest quintile). Being strong was associated with lower DP risk across BMI categories and being unfit, weak and obese was associated with the highest DP risk (HR 3.70, 95% CI 2.99 to 4.58).ConclusionThere was a strong association between muscular weakness and disability. A combination of muscular weakness and low aerobic fitness was an especially important risk factor for disability. This adds weight to call for muscular strength and fitness enhancing exercise for adolescents in all BMI categories.
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Optimal Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and High Muscular Fitness Are Associated with a Healthier Cardiometabolic Profile in Collegiate Students. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040511. [PMID: 29677099 PMCID: PMC5946296 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the combined association of adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and muscular fitness (MF) with cardiometabolic health in collegiate students. The present cross-sectional analysis consisted of 1248 (714 females) healthy collegiate students (20.1 ± 2.7 years old). Adherence to a MedDiet was assessed by a KIDMED (Mediterranean Diet Quality Index) questionnaire. Standing broad jump, standing vertical jump, and isometric handgrip dynamometry were used as indicators of MF. The cardiometabolic profile was assessed using the following components: triglycerides, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, glucose, and waist circumference. Analysis of covariance shows a significant difference in the cardiometabolic profile of both genders between the high MF/low MedDiet and high MF/optimal MedDiet groups, and the low MF/low MedDiet and low MF/optimal MedDiet groups (p < 0.001). No difference was found on cardiometabolic profile between high MF/optimal MedDiet and high MF/low MedDiet, both in males and females. Additionally, logistic regression shows that both female (odds ratio (OR) = 2.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.8–3.7); p = 0.02) and male (OR = 3.38; 95% CI: (1.9–5.8); p < 0.001) participants in the optimal MedDiet/high MF group had the highest odds of expressing a healthier cardiometabolic profile as compared to those in the low MF/low MedDiet group. In conclusion, a combination of high MF levels and optimal adherence to a MedDiet is associated with a healthier cardiometabolic profile; however, high MF levels seem to circumvent the deleterious effects of having a low adherence to a MedDiet.
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Tri-Ponderal Mass Index vs. Fat Mass/Height³ as a Screening Tool for Metabolic Syndrome Prediction in Colombian Children and Young People. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040412. [PMID: 29584641 PMCID: PMC5946197 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) and fat mass index (FMI) have been proposed as alternative approaches for assessing body fat since BMI does not ensure an accurate screening for obesity and overweight status in children and adolescents. This study proposes thresholds of the TMI and FMI for the prediction of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and young people. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 4673 participants (57.1% females), who were 9–25 years of age. As part of the study, measurements of the subjects’ weight, waist circumference, serum lipid indices, blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose were taken. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The TMI and FMI were calculated as weight (kg)/height (m3) and fat mass (kg)/height (m3), respectively. Following the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition, MetS is defined as including three or more metabolic abnormalities. Cohort-specific thresholds were established to identify Colombian children and young people at high risk of MetS. The thresholds were applied to the following groups: (i) a cohort of children where the girls’ TMI ≥ 12.13 kg/m3 and the boys’ TMI ≥ 12.10 kg/m3; (ii) a cohort of adolescents where the girls’ TMI ≥ 12.48 kg/m3 and the boys’ TMI ≥ 11.19 kg/m3; (iii) a cohort of young adults where the women’s TMI ≥ 13.21 kg/m3 and the men’s TMI ≥ 12.19 kg/m3. The FMI reference cut-off values used for the different groups were as follows: (i) a cohort of children where the girls’ FMI ≥ 2.59 fat mass/m3 and the boys’ FMI ≥ 1.98 fat mass/m3; (ii) a cohort of adolescents where the girls’ FMI ≥ 3.12 fat mass/m3 and the boys’ FMI ≥ 1.46 fat mass/m3; (iii) a cohort of adults where the women’s FMI ≥ 3.27 kg/m3 and the men’s FMI ≥ 1.65 kg/m3. Our results showed that the FMI and TMI had a moderate discriminatory power to detect MetS in Colombian children, adolescents, and young adults.
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Savanur MS, Sathye A, Udawant A, Udipi SA, Ghugre P, Haas J, Boy E, Bhatnagar A. Nutritional Status and Physical Fitness of Tribal Adolescents in Ahmednagar District of Maharashtra. Ecol Food Nutr 2017; 56:552-566. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2017.1399370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anagha Sathye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil Udawant
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shobha Anand Udipi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Padmini Ghugre
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jere Haas
- Division of Nutritional Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Erick Boy
- HarvestPlus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Archana Bhatnagar
- Department of Resource Management, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Mumbai, India
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Manore MM, Larson-Meyer DE, Lindsay AR, Hongu N, Houtkooper L. Dynamic Energy Balance: An Integrated Framework for Discussing Diet and Physical Activity in Obesity Prevention-Is it More than Eating Less and Exercising More? Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080905. [PMID: 28825615 PMCID: PMC5579698 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the dynamic nature of energy balance, and the interrelated and synergistic roles of diet and physical activity (PA) on body weight, will enable nutrition educators to be more effective in implementing obesity prevention education. Although most educators recognize that diet and PA are important for weight management, they may not fully understand their impact on energy flux and how diet alters energy expenditure and energy expenditure alters diet. Many nutrition educators have little training in exercise science; thus, they may not have the knowledge essential to understanding the benefits of PA for health or weight management beyond burning calories. This paper highlights the importance of advancing nutrition educators’ understanding about PA, and its synergistic role with diet, and the value of incorporating a dynamic energy balance approach into obesity-prevention programs. Five key points are highlighted: (1) the concept of dynamic vs. static energy balance; (2) the role of PA in weight management; (3) the role of PA in appetite regulation; (4) the concept of energy flux; and (5) the integration of dynamic energy balance into obesity prevention programs. The rationale for the importance of understanding the physiological relationship between PA and diet for effective obesity prevention programming is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda M Manore
- Nutrition Area, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 87331, USA.
| | - D Enette Larson-Meyer
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Anne R Lindsay
- University of Nevada Cooperative Extension, Las Vegas, NV 89123, USA.
| | - Nobuko Hongu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85271, USA.
| | - Linda Houtkooper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85271, USA.
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Correa-Bautista JE, González-Ruíz K, Vivas A, Triana-Reina HR, Martínez-Torres J, Prieto-Benavides DH, Carrillo HA, Ramos-Sepúlveda JA, Afanador-Rodríguez MI, Villa-González E, García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R. Comparison of Three Adiposity Indexes and Cutoff Values to Predict Metabolic Syndrome Among University Students. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2017; 15:363-370. [PMID: 28570830 DOI: 10.1089/met.2017.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity and high body fat are related to diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in all ethnic groups. Based on the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition of MetS, the aim of the present study was to compare body adiposity indexes (BAIs) and to assess their various cutoff values for the prediction of MetS in university students from Colombia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 886 volunteers (51.9% woman; age mean 21.4 years). Anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, waist circumference [WC], and hip circumference [HC]) were measured, and body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. MetS was defined as including ≥3 of the metabolic abnormalities (WC, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], triglycerides, fasting glucose, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure [BP]) in the definition provided by the IDF. The BAIs (i.e., BAI-HC [BAI], BAI-WC [BAI-w], and [BAI-p]) were calculated from formulas taking into account, height, weight, and WC, and for the visceral adiposity indexes, a formula, including WC, HDL-C, and triglycerides, was used. RESULTS The overall prevalence of MetS was 5.9%, higher in men than in women. The most prevalent components were low HDL-C, high triglyceride levels, WC, and BP levels. The receiver operating characteristic curves analysis showed that BAI, BAI-w, and BAI-p could be useful tools to predict MetS in this population. CONCLUSION For women, the optimal MetS threshold was found to be 30.34 (area under curve [AUC] = 0.720-0.863), 19.10 (AUC = 0.799-0.925), and 29.68 (AUC = 0.779-0.901), for BAI, BAI-w, and BAI-p, respectively. For men, the optimal MetS threshold was found to be 27.83 (AUC = 0.726-0.873), 21.48 (AUC = 0.755-0.906), and 26.18 (AUC = 0.766-0.894), for BAI, BAI-w, and BAI-p, respectively. The three indexes can be useful tools to predict MetS according to the IDF criteria in university students from Colombia. Data on larger samples are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- 1 Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física "CEMA", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Katherine González-Ruíz
- 2 Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán , Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrés Vivas
- 2 Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán , Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Javier Martínez-Torres
- 3 Grupo GICAEDS, Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás , Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Humberto Prieto-Benavides
- 1 Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física "CEMA", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hugo Alejandro Carrillo
- 4 Grupo GRINDER, Programa de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad del Valle , Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | | | | | - Emilio Villa-González
- 6 PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada , Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- 7 Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile , USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- 1 Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física "CEMA", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá, Colombia
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García-Hermoso A, Carrillo HA, González-Ruíz K, Vivas A, Triana-Reina HR, Martínez-Torres J, Prieto-Benavidez DH, Correa-Bautista JE, Ramos-Sepúlveda JA, Villa-González E, Peterson MD, Ramírez-Vélez R. Fatness mediates the influence of muscular fitness on metabolic syndrome in Colombian collegiate students. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173932. [PMID: 28296952 PMCID: PMC5352003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was two-fold: to analyze the association between muscular fitness (MF) and clustering of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, and to determine if fatness parameters mediate the association between MF and MetS clustering in Colombian collegiate students. This cross-sectional study included a total of 886 (51.9% women) healthy collegiate students (21.4 ± 3.3 years old). Standing broad jump and isometric handgrip dynamometry were used as indicators of lower and upper body MF, respectively. Also, a MF score was computed by summing the standardized values of both tests, and used to classify adults as fit or unfit. We also assessed fat mass, body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, and abdominal visceral fat, and categorized individuals as low and high fat using international cut-offs. A MetS cluster score was derived by calculating the sum of the sample-specific z-scores from the triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, fasting glucose, waist circumference, and arterial blood pressure. Linear regression models were used to examine whether the association between MF and MetS cluster was mediated by the fatness parameters. Data were collected from 2013 to 2016 and the analysis was done in 2016. Findings revealed that the best profiles (fit + low fat) were associated with lower levels of the MetS clustering (p <0.001 in the four fatness parameters), compared with unfit and fat (unfit + high fat) counterparts. Linear regression models indicated a partial mediating effect for fatness parameters in the association of MF with MetS clustering. Our findings indicate that efforts to improve MF in young adults may decrease MetS risk partially through an indirect effect on improvements to adiposity levels. Thus, weight reduction should be taken into account as a complementary goal to improvements in MF within exercise programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Alejandro Carrillo
- Grupo GRINDER, programa de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Katherine González-Ruíz
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Andrés Vivas
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | | | - Javier Martínez-Torres
- Grupo GICAEDS, Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Daniel Humberto Prieto-Benavidez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | | | - Emilio Villa-González
- PROFITH ‘‘PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mark D. Peterson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Global REACH, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC, Colombia
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Martínez-Torres J, Correa-Bautista JE, González-Ruíz K, Vivas A, Triana-Reina HR, Prieto-Benavidez DH, Carrillo HA, Ramos-Sepúlveda JA, Villa-González E, García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R. A Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors in Colombian Collegiate Students: The FUPRECOL-Adults Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E233. [PMID: 28264459 PMCID: PMC5369069 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the major public health problems worldwide. The objective of the present study is to investigate the prevalence and the associated variables of MetS in Colombian collegiate students. This cross-sectional study included a total of 890 (52% women) healthy collegiate students (21.3 ± 3.2 years old). The prevalence of MetS was determined by the definition provided by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). We further examined associations between the prevalence of MetS and related factors, such as age, gender, anthropometric and body composition, weight status, and nutrition profile. The overall prevalence of MetS was 6.0% (95% CI = 4.5% to 7.6%), and it was higher in men than women. The most prevalent components were low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high triglyceride levels, waist circumference, and blood pressure levels. The predisposing factors for having a MetS included: being male, over 23 years old, overweight or obese, and having an unhealthy waist-to-height ratio. In conclusion, the occurrence of MetS in young adults is substantial. These findings may be relevant to health promotion efforts for collegiate students in order to develop prospective studies and screening for young adults, which will aid in targeted intervention development to decrease cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martínez-Torres
- Grupo GICAEDS, Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá DC 110311, Colombia.
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC 111221, Colombia.
| | - Katherine González-Ruíz
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá DC 110231, Colombia.
| | - Andrés Vivas
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá DC 110231, Colombia.
| | - Héctor Reynaldo Triana-Reina
- Grupo GRINDER, Programa de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali DC 760010, Colombia.
| | - Daniel Humberto Prieto-Benavidez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC 111221, Colombia.
| | - Hugo Alejandro Carrillo
- Grupo GRINDER, Programa de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali DC 760010, Colombia.
| | - Jeison Alexander Ramos-Sepúlveda
- Facultad de Educación a Distancia y Virtual, Institución Universitaria Antonio José Camacho, Santiago de Cali DC 760010, Colombia.
| | - Emilio Villa-González
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería DC 04120, Spain.
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada DC 18010, Spain.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago DC 9160030, Chile.
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC 111221, Colombia.
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