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Tousizadeh S, Mohammadi-Moghadam F, Sadeghi R, Ahmadi A, Shakeri K. Investigation of the levels of essential and non-essential metals in women with and without abortion history: A study based on the Persian population of the Shahrekord cohort. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138434. [PMID: 37001760 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous abortion is a serious threat to the mothers' physical and mental well-being. The cause of spontaneous abortion is multifactorial disease. Prenatal non-essential metal exposure, particularly heavy metals, has been suggested to be associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the concentration of essential and non-essential metals including Pb, As, Zn, and Se and the risk of spontaneous abortion. In this case-control study the levels of Pb, As, Zn, and Se in the whole blood of 60 women with spontaneous abortion (case group) and also 60 women without spontaneous abortion (control group) were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results revealed statistically significant reductions (P < 0.001) in whole blood levels of Zn and Se as well as the levels of As and Pb had a substantial elevation (P < 0.001) in cases compared to controls. According to the findings, repeated spontaneous abortion may be influenced by increasing whole blood levels of heavy metals such as As (OR = 17.53, P = 0.001) and Pb (OR = 15.58, P = 0.001) as well as decreasing levels of vital micronutrients Zn (OR = 0.20, P = 0.001) and Se (OR = 0.14, P = 0.001). The results of this study support the idea that limiting intake of non-essential metals during pregnancy can decrease the risk of spontaneous abortion. Overall, the information presented is expected to help plan future fundamental and applied investigations on the spontaneous abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Tousizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fazel Mohammadi-Moghadam
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ramezan Sadeghi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Kobra Shakeri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Khademalhosseini M, Ranjbar E, Mohammadi R, Khalili P, Mehran M, Jalali N, Rajabi Z, Jamali Z. Dietary antioxidants and liver enzymes in Rafsanjan, a Region in Southeast Iran. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8555. [PMID: 37237040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been considered the main contributor to liver injury. Dietary antioxidants would be expected to improve liver function. The hepatoprotective effects of antioxidants are controversial. In the present study, the associations of some dietary antioxidants and the levels of serum liver enzymes were examined. This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS) data as a population-based prospective cohort which is a part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). A total of 9942 participants aged 35-70 years old were included in this study. Among this population, 4631 (46.59%) were male, and 5311 (53.42%) were female. Dietary intakes were collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 128 items. Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured by a biotecnica analyzer. Dichotomous logistics regression models were used to investigate the association between the elevated liver enzymes and intake of dietary antioxidants using crude and adjusted models. In the adjusted model, in subjects with higher consumption of Se, Vit A, Vit E, β-carotene, α-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin, the odds ratios of elevated ALP were decreased compared to the reference group (ORs 0.79 (0.64-0.96), 0.80 (0.66-0.98), 0.73 (0.60-0.89), 0.79 (0.64-0.96), 0.78 (0.64-0.95), 0.80 (0.66-0.98), and 0.79 (0.64-0.98), respectively). Subjects with higher consumption of Se, Vit A, Vit E, and provitamin A carotenoids (β-carotene, α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin) showed decreased odds of elevated ALP. These findings support the hypothesis that Se, Vit A, Vit E, and provitamin A carotenoids may be associated with improvements in ALP and act as suppressors against the development of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Khademalhosseini
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Elham Ranjbar
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Khalili
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahya Mehran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Nazanin Jalali
- Neurology Department, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rajabi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Jamali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Niknafs Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Zarean E, Looha MA, Amini P, Ahmadi A, Dugué PA. Sleep characteristics of middle-aged adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: findings from the Shahrekord PERSIAN cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:312. [PMID: 36774488 PMCID: PMC9922458 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have reported short sleep duration in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but other sleep characteristics have been less studied. We aimed to assess the cross-sectional association of NAFLD with sleep duration and quality in an Iranian population sample. METHODS We used data from 9,151 participants in the Shahrekord Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN) Cohort Study, including 1,320 that were diagnosed with NAFLD. Log-binomial regression models sequentially adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical and biological variables were used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between NAFLD and sleep characteristics. RESULTS Participants with NAFLD had shorter sleep duration, later wake-up time and bedtime, worse sleep efficiency, and more frequent daytime napping and use of sleeping pills, in age- and sex-adjusted models. After controlling for sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical, and biological variables the associations remained strong for sleep efficiency (per 10%, RR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.88-0.96) and use of sleeping pills (RR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.17-1.88). The association between NAFLD and sleep efficiency was stronger in participants aged > 60 years (RR = 0.81, 0.70-0.93) and 40-60 years (RR = 0.87, 0.82-0.94), compared with those aged < 40 years (P-heterogeneity < 0.001). More frequent daytime napping in participants with NAFLD, compared with non-NAFLD, was observed in males but not females (P-heterogeneity = 0.007), and in those with body mass index (BMI) < 30 but not in obese participants (P-heterogeneity < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Diagnosis of NAFLD is associated with several poor sleep characteristics in middle-aged Iranians. Although longitudinal studies would help to clarify the direction of causality, our study shows that poor sleep is an important aspect of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Zarean
- grid.440801.90000 0004 0384 8883Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha
- grid.411600.2Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Amini
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, IRAN University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health and, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Pierre-Antoine Dugué
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia ,Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
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Kiani FZ, Ahmadi A. The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome, Scoring, and Comparison in People With and Without COPD: Evidence from Shahrekord PERSIAN Cohort Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2022; 20:224-233. [PMID: 35180365 DOI: 10.1089/met.2021.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Comorbidities are common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPDs), including metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS and its components in people with and without COPD. Methods: This population-based study was performed on 6961 adults in the Shahrekord Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran. Data collection, spirometry, and COPD diagnosis were performed according to the cohort protocol from 2015 to 2019. The data were analyzed by two independent sample t-tests, analysis of covariance, chi-square, and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in logistic regression models. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. All analyses were conducted using Stata Statistical Software Release 16 (Stata Corp., College Station, TX). Results: The prevalence of MetS in patients with and without COPD was 28.4% and 31%, respectively. The most common components of MetS in people with COPD were low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (47.4%), waist circumference (43.9%), and high fasting plasma glucose (39.3%). There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of respiratory dysfunction between people with and without MetS. Being older than 60 (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.72-2.80), female (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.49-1.97), obese (OR = 11.17, 95% CI: 9.02-13.62), and uneducated (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.49-2.17), and living in urban areas (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.64-2.35) are stronger predictors of MetS in this population. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MetS between patients with and without COPD. Spirometry parameters and respiratory problems were significant in subjects with and without MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zeynab Kiani
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health and Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Safarpour AR, Fattahi MR, Niknam R, Tarkesh F, Mohammadkarimi V, Boogar SS, Abbasi E, Abtahi F, Sivandzadeh GR, Ejtehadi F, Afshar M, Shamsnia SA, Niknejad N. Alarm of non-communicable disease in Iran: Kavar cohort profile, baseline and 18-month follow up results from a prospective population-based study in urban area. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0260227. [PMID: 35085244 PMCID: PMC8794109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The PERSIAN Kavar cohort study (PKCS) aims to investigate the prevalence, trends, and relevant prognostic risk factors of non-communicable diseases in participants aged 35-70 years living in the urban area of Kavar County. Kavar County is located at the center of Fars province in the southwest of Iran. Overall, 5236 adults aged 35-70 years old were invited to participate in the PKCS. From whom, 4997 people comprising 2419 men and 2578 women met the inclusion criteria and were recruited in the study (participation rate: 95.4%). This study is aimed to follow participants for at least 10 years; it is designed to perform all procedures similar to the primary phase including biological sampling, laboratory tests, physical examinations, and collecting general, nutritional, and medical data at the 5th and 10th years of follow-up. In addition, participants are annually followed-up by phone to acquire data on the history of hospitalization, any major diagnosis or death. At the enrollment phase, trained interviewers were responsible for obtaining general, nutritional, and medical data utilizing a 482-item questionnaire. The results of the baseline phase of this study show that the overweight category was the most prevalent BMI category among the registered participants (n = 2005, 40.14%). Also, almost one-third of Kavar adult population suffered from metabolic syndrome at the baseline phase (n = 1664, 33.30%). The rate of eighteen-month follow-up response was 100% in the PKCS. Hypertension (n = 116, 2.32%), cardiovascular outcomes (n = 33, 0.66%), and diabetes (n = 32, 0.64%) were the most prevalent new-onset NCDs during eighteen months of follow-up in the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Safarpour
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Niknam
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Tarkesh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Mohammadkarimi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Sadeghi Boogar
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Abbasi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Abtahi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Fardad Ejtehadi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Afshar
- Kavar Health System Network, Kavar County, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Shamsnia
- Kavar Health System Network, Kavar County, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasim Niknejad
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Ahmadi A, Shirani M, Khaledifar A, Hashemzadeh M, Solati K, Kheiri S, Sadeghi M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Shahraki HR, Asgharzadeh A, Salehifard AZ, Mousavi M, Zarean E, Goujani R, Nazari SSH, Poustchi H, Dugué PA. Non-communicable diseases in the southwest of Iran: profile and baseline data from the Shahrekord PERSIAN Cohort Study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2275. [PMID: 34903205 PMCID: PMC8670056 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Critical inter-provincial differences within Iran in the pattern of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and difficulties inherent to identifying prevention methods to reduce mortality from NCDs have challenged the implementation of the provincial health system plan. The Shahrekord Cohort Study (SCS) was designed to address these gaps in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, a province of high altitude in the southwest of Iran, characterized by its large Bakhtiari population, along with Fars and Turk ethnicity groups. Methods This ongoing cohort, a prospective, large-scale longitudinal study, includes a unique, rich biobank and was conducted for the first time in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran. SCS is a part of the PERSIAN (Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN) cohort. The study began in 2015, recruited 10075 participants (52.8% female, 47.2% male) from both urban (n=7034) and rural (n=3041) areas, and participants will be annually followed up for at least 15 years. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data from the SCS, using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Data analysis was performed using Stata software. Results The prevalence of NCDs was 9.8% for type 2 diabetes, 17.1% for hypertension, 11.6% for thyroid disease, 0.2% for multiple sclerosis and 5.7, 0.9 and 1.3% for ischemic heart disease, stroke and myocardial infarction, respectively. The prevalence of multimorbidity (≥2 NCDs) was higher in women (39.1%) than men (24.9%). The means (standard deviations) of age, BMI, systolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were 49.5 (9) years, 27.6 (4.6) kg/m2, 115.4 (17.3) mmHg and 96.7 (27.3) mg/dL, respectively. Logistic regression models showed that older age, female gender, living in an urban area, non-native ethnicity, high wealth index, unemployment, obesity, low physical activity, hypertriglyceridemia, high fasting blood sugar, alkaline urine pH and high systolic and diastolic blood pressure were associated with increased prevalence of NCDs. Conclusions The SCS provides a platform for epidemiological studies that will be useful to better control NCDs in the southwest of Iran and to foster research collaboration. The SCS will be an essential resource for identifying NCD risk factors in this region and designing relevant public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Majid Shirani
- Department of Urology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Arsalan Khaledifar
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran.,Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Morteza Hashemzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Kamal Solati
- Department of Psychiatry, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Soleiman Kheiri
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehraban Sadeghi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hadi Raeisi Shahraki
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Alireza Asgharzadeh
- School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Mousavi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elaheh Zarean
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Reza Goujani
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 881-55383, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pierre-Antoine Dugué
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Kiani FZ, Ahmadi A, Babadi AS, Rouhi H. Profile and preliminary results of Iranian sub cohort chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Shahrekord PERSIAN cohort in southwest Iran. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:105. [PMID: 33765987 PMCID: PMC7993468 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and complex respiratory disorder associated with airflow limitation and increased inflammatory response of the lungs to harmful particles. The purpose of this original study was to describe the results and profile of the Shahrekord Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN) regarding COPD in southwestern Iran.
Methods This study of asthma and respiratory diseases is a subcohort of the more extensive cohort study, i.e., Shahrekord PERSIAN cohort, a population-based prospective study on people aged 35–70 years in southwestern Iran (n = 10,075). The sample size of the subcohort was 8500 people. Annual follow-ups (person-year) of the cohort were designed to be conducted up to 2036. The instruments to collect data on various exposures were derived from the questionnaires previously developed in extensive multinational studies (occupational exposures, smoking, housing status, and fuel consumption, history of respiratory and chronic diseases, comorbidity, etc.). The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) and the lower limit of normal (LLN) spirometric criteria were used to confirm COPD diagnosis. Results The response rate was 93.85%. The mean age of the participants was 49.48 ± 9.32; 47.9% were male, and 52.9% were female; nearly 16% of the population was current smokers; the fuel used by most of the participants for heating the house and cooking was gas. The most common comorbidity among participants was dyslipidemia; 30% of people have three or more comorbidities. According to GOLD and LLN criteria, the Prevalence of COPD was 3.6% and 8.4%, respectively. 4.3% of the participants had a history of chronic lung disease. The group of subjects with COPD had higher mean age, fewer years of schooling, a higher percentage of smokers with a smoking history of 10 or more pack years. 4.6% of patients had a history of chronic lung disease, 17.6% had a history of asthma in childhood, and 5.2% had a family history of respiratory and pulmonary diseases. Conclusion Epidemiological research is necessary to create an appropriate framework to fight COPD. This framework requires a better description of men and women at risk of developing COPD and describing people with early-stage illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zeynab Kiani
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health and Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Akbar Soleymani Babadi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pulmonary Disease, School of Medicine, Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hamid Rouhi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pulmonary Disease, School of Medicine, Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Kiani FZ, Ahmadi A. Prevalence of different comorbidities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among Shahrekord PERSIAN cohort study in southwest Iran. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1548. [PMID: 33452286 PMCID: PMC7810834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79707-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Comorbidities are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of common comorbidities in patients with COPD compared with people without COPD. This cross-sectional, population-based study was performed on 6961 adults aged 35-70 years enrolled in the Shahrekord PERSIAN cohort study. Data (demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, laboratory, and spirometry tests) collection was performed according to the cohort protocol from 2015 to 2019. In the present study, 215 (3.1%) patients were diagnosed with COPD and 1753 (25.18%) ones with restrictive lung patterns. The mean age of COPD patients was 52.5 ± 9.76 years. 55.8% of patients were male, 17.7% were current smokers and 12.1% had a history of smoking or were former smokers. 5.6% of patients had no comorbidity and 94.5% had at least one comorbidity. The most common comorbidities in COPD patients were dyslipidemia (70.2%), hypertension (30.2%), metabolic syndrome (22.8%), and diabetes (16.7%). The most common comorbidities in individuals with a restrictive spirometry pattern were dyslipidemia (68.9%), metabolic syndrome (27.2%), hypertension (26.1%), depression (17.6%), and fatty liver (15.5%). The logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of odds ratio (OR) showed that comorbidities of chronic lung diseases (OR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.30-3.44), diabetes (OR = 1.54, 95%CI 1.03-2.29), cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.52, 95%CI 1.17-2.43), and hypertension (OR = 1.4, 95%CI 1.02-1.99) were more likely to occur in COPD patients than in healthy individuals. Knowing these prevalence rates and related information provides new insights on comorbidities to reduce disease burden and develop preventive interventions and to regulate health care resources to meet the needs of patients in primary health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zeynab Kiani
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health and Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Espiritu AI, Sy MCC, Anlacan VMM, Jamora RDG. The Philippine COVID-19 Outcomes: a Retrospective study Of Neurological manifestations and Associated symptoms (The Philippine CORONA study): a protocol study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e040944. [PMID: 33257488 PMCID: PMC7705427 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SARS-CoV-2, virus that caused the COVID-19 global pandemic, possesses a neuroinvasive potential. Patients with COVID-19 infection present with neurological signs and symptoms aside from the usual respiratory affectation. Moreover, COVID-19 is associated with several neurological diseases and complications, which may eventually affect clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVES The Philippine COVID-19 Outcomes: a Retrospective study Of Neurological manifestations and Associated symptoms (The Philippine CORONA) study investigators will conduct a nationwide, multicentre study involving 37 institutions that aims to determine the neurological manifestations and factors associated with clinical outcomes in COVID-19 infection. METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS This is a retrospective cohort study (comparative between patients with and without neurological manifestations) via medical chart review involving adult patients with COVID-19 infection. Sample size was determined at 1342 patients. Demographic, clinical and neurological profiles will be obtained and summarised using descriptive statistics. Student's t-test for two independent samples and χ2 test will be used to determine differences between distributions. HRs and 95% CI will be used as an outcome measure. Kaplan-Meier curves will be constructed to plot the time to onset of mortality (survival), respiratory failure, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, duration of ventilator dependence, length of ICU stay and length of hospital stay. The log-rank test will be employed to compare the Kaplan-Meier curves. Stratified analysis will be performed to identify confounders and effects modifiers. To compute for adjusted HR with 95% CI, crude HR of outcomes will be adjusted according to the prespecified possible confounders. Cox proportional regression models will be used to determine significant factors of outcomes. Testing for goodness of fit will also be done using Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Subgroup analysis will be performed for proven prespecified effect modifiers. The effects of missing data and outliers will also be evaluated in this study. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This protocol was approved by the Single Joint Research Ethics Board of the Philippine Department of Health (SJREB-2020-24) and the institutional review board of the different study sites. The dissemination of results will be conducted through scientific/medical conferences and through journal publication. The lay versions of the results may be provided on request. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04386083.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian I Espiritu
- Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Marie Charmaine C Sy
- Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Veeda Michelle M Anlacan
- Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Roland Dominic G Jamora
- Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
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Tohidinezhad F, Khorsand A, Zakavi SR, Rezvani R, Zarei-Ghanavati S, Abrishami M, Moradi A, Tavakoli M, Farrokh D, Rad MP, Abbasi B, Ahadi M, Saleh LA, Tayebi M, Amini M, Poustchi H, Abu-Hanna A, Eslami S. The burden and predisposing factors of non-communicable diseases in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences personnel: a prospective 15-year organizational cohort study protocol and baseline assessment. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1637. [PMID: 33138802 PMCID: PMC7607841 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rising burden of premature mortality for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in developing countries necessitates the institutionalization of a comprehensive surveillance framework to track trends and provide evidence to design, implement, and evaluate preventive strategies. This study aims to conduct an organization-based prospective cohort study on the NCDs and NCD-related secondary outcomes in adult personnel of the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) as main target population. Methods This study was designed to recruit 12,000 adults aged between 30 and 70 years for 15 years. Baseline assessment includes a wide range of established NCD risk factors obtaining by face-to-face interview or examination. The questionnaires consist of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle pattern, fuel consumption and pesticide exposures, occupational history and hazards, personal and familial medical history, medication profile, oral hygiene, reproduction history, dietary intake, and psychological conditions. Examinations include body size and composition test, abdominopelvic and thyroid ultrasonography, orthopedic evaluation, pulse wave velocity test, electrocardiography, blood pressure measurement, smell-taste evaluation, spirometry, mammography, and preferred tea temperature assessment. Routine biochemical, cell count, and fecal occult blood tests are also performed, and the biological samples (i.e., blood, urine, hair, and nail) are stored in preserving temperature. Annual telephone interviews and repeated examinations at 5-year intervals are planned to update information on health status and its determinants. Results A total of 5287 individuals (mean age of 43.9 ± 7.6 and 45.9% male) were included in the study thus far. About 18.5% were nurses and midwives and 44.2% had at least bachelor’s degree. Fatty liver (15.4%), thyroid disorders (11.2%), hypertension (8.8%), and diabetes (4.9%) were the most prevalent NCDs. A large proportion of the population had some degree of anxiety (64.2%). Low physical activity (13 ± 22.4 min per day), high calorie intake (3079 ± 1252), and poor pulse-wave velocity (7.2 ± 1.6 m/s) highlight the need for strategies to improve lifestyle behaviors. Conclusion The PERSIAN Organizational Cohort study in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences is the first organizational cohort study in a metropolitan city of Iran aiming to provide a large data repository on the prevalence and risk factors of the NCDs in a developing country for future national and international research cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Tohidinezhad
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Khorsand
- Department of Complementary and Chinese Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Rasoul Zakavi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Rezvani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Majid Abrishami
- Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Tavakoli
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Donya Farrokh
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Pezeshki Rad
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bita Abbasi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mitra Ahadi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lahya Afshari Saleh
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tayebi
- Atherosclerosis Prevention Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Amini
- Lung and Tuberculosis Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameen Abu-Hanna
- Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saeid Eslami
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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11
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Samaniyan Bavarsad P, Kheiri S, Ahmadi A. Estimation of the 10-Year Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: Using the SCORE, WHO/ISH, and Framingham Models in the Shahrekord Cohort Study in Southwestern Iran. J Tehran Heart Cent 2020; 15:105-112. [PMID: 33552205 PMCID: PMC7827119 DOI: 10.18502/jthc.v15i3.4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Predicting the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) helps the management of high-risk individuals by the health system. We sought to determine the 10-year risk of CVDs in the Shahrekord Cohort Study (SCS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study based on the SCS in the southwest of Iran, the demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory data of 5152 persons recruited in the SCS by census method from 2016 to 2017 were used. R software was utilized to calculate the 10-year risk of CVDs according to the World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) chart, the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) model, and the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) model. Results: The mean age of the participants was 49.49±9.40 years, and 50.3% of them were female. According to the WHO/ISH chart, 94.1% of the participants were in the low-risk class, 4.1% in the moderate-risk class, and 0.4% in the high-risk class. Based on the FRS model, 72.2% of the participants were in the low-risk class, 18% in the middle-risk class, and 9.8% in the high-risk class. On the basis of the SCORE model for low-risk areas, 55.3% of the participants were in the low-risk class, 39.6% in the moderate-risk class, and 5.1% in the high-risk class. The agreement concerning risk estimation between the models was approximately 70%. Conclusion: The risk estimated in this study was higher than that in other similar studies. For monitoring risk trends over time, it is essential to nativize a valid risk function, including ethnicity and geographical characteristics, for the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooneh Samaniyan Bavarsad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Solieman Kheiri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Kunutsor SK, Seidu S. Further case for cohort studies of non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:1048-1049. [PMID: 32249137 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Setor K Kunutsor
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building (Level 1), Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
| | - Samuel Seidu
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK; Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK
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Salehi F, Ahmadi A. The Investigation of Psychometric Properties (Validity and Reliability Reassessment) of WHO QOL-BREF Questionnaire in Shahrekord Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/ijer.2019.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: The purpose of this study was to revalidate the Persian version of the WHO quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument to determine the quality of life status in the Shahrekord Cohort Study (SCS) in the southwest of Iran. This study was designed to serve as one of the sources of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2000 people were randomly selected from the study population of the SCS. The reliability and internal consistency of the WHOQOL-BREF were measured using Cronbach alpha coefficient and Pearson’s correlation. construct validity and factors measured using Pearson’s correlation matrices with each of its domains. To measure the face, content, and construct validities, the views of the panel of experts and exploratory factor analysis were used. In addition, the validity of the questionnaire was evaluated using linear regression. Results: All domains of the questionnaire met the minimum reliability standards (Cronbach alpha and intra-class correlation >0.7), except for social relationships. The results of comparison analysis indicated that the questionnaire discriminated well between subgroups of the study samples differing in their health status. Regarding validity, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was 0.94 and the value of Bartlett’s test was 1699.01 (P≤0.001). Conclusion: The findings suggested that WHOQOL-BREF is a reliable and valid measure of healthrelated quality of life among SCS population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Salehi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Prevalence and risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in southwest Iran: a population-based case-control study. Clin Exp Hepatol 2019; 5:224-231. [PMID: 31598559 PMCID: PMC6781826 DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2019.87635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study Few population-based studies have been conducted to report the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and determine its risk factors in Iran, particularly in Shahrekord, southwest Iran. The main aim of this population-based, case-control study was to determine the prevalence of NAFLD and its potential risk factors in an Iranian population-based cohort study in Shahrekord, Iran. Material and methods We compared 1153 cases with NAFLD at 35 to 70 years to 1153 frequency-matched NAFLD-free controls from a population-based Shahrekord cohort study. Data collection and assessed risk factors (demographics, anthropometrics, clinical and biochemical factors, and laboratory tests) were performed based on the Shahrekord cohort study protocol. Chi-square test, stepwise selection with backward likelihood ratio, logistic regression and log-binomial regression model with 95% confidence interval were performed to determine risk factors with significant effects on NAFLD. Results In this study, the mean (± standard deviation) age of the participants was 50.23 (±8.70) years. The prevalence of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome with 95% confidence interval were 16.47% (15.61-17.36%) and 32.74% (30.83-34.70%), respectively. There was a significant difference in the frequency of waist circumstance, triglycerides, body mass index, blood pressure, and alanine aminotransferase between cases and controls (p < 0.001). According to log-binomial model results, socioeconomic status, hypertension, diabetes, and physical activity were significantly associated with NAFLD. Conclusions Our findings have important clinical and public health implications in southwest Iran for monitoring the prevalence of NAFLD and important risk factors to manage, screen, prevent, and reduce NAFLD and related factors.
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Mudie K, Jin MM, Tan, Kendall L, Addo J, Dos-Santos-Silva I, Quint J, Smeeth L, Cook S, Nitsch D, Natamba B, Gomez-Olive FX, Ako A, Perel P. Non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review of large cohort studies. J Glob Health 2019; 9:020409. [PMID: 31448113 PMCID: PMC6684871 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.09.020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) cause a large and growing burden of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Prospective cohort studies are key to study multiple risk factors and chronic diseases and are crucial to our understanding of the burden, aetiology and prognosis of NCDs in SSA. We aimed to identify the level of research output on NCDs and their risk factors collected by cohorts in SSA. Methods We conducted a scoping review to map the extent of current NCDs research in SSA by identifying studies published after the year 2000 using prospectively collected cohort data on any of the six NCDs (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, chronic kidney disease, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancers), ≥1 major risk factor (other than age and sex), set only within SSA, enrolled ≥500 participants, and ≥12 months of follow-up with ≥2 data collection points (or with plans to). We performed a systematic search of databases, a manual search of references lists from included articles and the INDEPTH network website, and study investigators from SSA were contacted for further articles. Results We identified 30 cohort studies from the 101 included articles. Eighteen countries distributed in West, Central, East and Southern Africa, were represented. The majority (27%) set in South Africa. There were three studies including children, twenty with adults, and seven with both. 53% of cohorts were sampled in general populations, 47% in clinical populations, and 1 occupational cohort study. Hypertension (n = 23) was most commonly reported, followed by obesity (n = 16), diabetes (n = 15), CKD (n = 6), COPD (n = 2), cervical cancer (n = 3), and breast cancer (n = 1). The majority (n = 22) reported data on at least one demographic/environmental, lifestyle, or physiological risk factor but these data varied greatly. Conclusions Most studies collected data on a combination of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity and few studies collected data on respiratory diseases and cancer. Although most collected data on different risk factors the methodologies varied greatly. Several methodological limitations were found including low recruitment rate, low retention rate, and lack of validated and standardized data collection. Our results could guide potential collaborations and maximize impact to improve our global understanding of NCDs (and their risk factors) in SSA and also to inform future research, as well as policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Mudie
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Melisa Mei Jin
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Biostatistics, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK.,Africa NCD Open Lab, Global Health Catalyst, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK.,Population and Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit.,MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Juliet Addo
- Africa NCD Open Lab, Global Health Catalyst, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Quint
- Population and Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liam Smeeth
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sarah Cook
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dorothea Nitsch
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Francesc Xavier Gomez-Olive
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Agbor Ako
- Africa NCD Open Lab, Global Health Catalyst, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Pablo Perel
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Ahmadi A, Sodejani SA, Malekzadeh R, Poustchi H, Solati K. Study of correlation between chronic stressor, biochemical markers and hematologic indices in Shahrekord Cohort Study: A population-based cross-sectional study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2170-2174. [PMID: 31235153 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Stress is one of the most common and controllable risk factors for non-communicable diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between stress and biochemical factors and hematologic indices. METHODS The data to conduct this cross-sectional study were obtained from Shahrekord Cohort Study (SCS). The sample size included 1000 people who were randomly selected from 7000 people enrolled in the SCS conducted in 2017-2018. To measure stress as well as blood biochemical factors and hematologic indices, the Questionnaire of Stressful Life Events and Glucose and Lipid profile were used, respectively. RESULTS Among stress dimensions, job security was significantly associated with most biochemical factors and hematologic indices. Linear regression model showed that there was a significant correlation between stress and blood urea, liver enzymes (ALT and AST), education, marital status, and occupation. CONCLUSION This study reported that the level of exposure to stressors was higher than that of other studies, and the results of this study are recommended to be used for screening and early detection of the consequences of exposure to chronic stressors, especially for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center and School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Soghra Ahmadi Sodejani
- Modeling in Health Research Center and School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Research Group, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamal Solati
- Modeling in Health Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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