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Yamanaka E, Inayama T, Ohkawara K, Kojima M, Nakada T, Kita I. Effects of substituting sedentary time with physical activity on body mass index in Japanese adults with Down syndrome: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29294. [PMID: 38660251 PMCID: PMC11040036 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective and Rationale: Obesity is a health challenge for adults with Down syndrome. Therefore, a physical activity promotion program is required to prevent or reduce obesity in adults with this condition. However, there is a lack of evidence of useful risk reduction initiatives. The objective of this study was to suggest a rationale for behaviors that should replace time of inactivity to reduce obesity in Japanese adults with Down syndrome. Methods The participants were adults with Down syndrome, aged 18-48 years, living in Japan. The snowball sampling method was used. To detect an effect size of 0.20 for body mass index using an F-test, 80 participants were required, generating a statistical power of 0.8 and a risk level of 0.05. Survey items included sex, age, height, weight, body mass index, and physical activity (min/d). Physical activity was categorized by intensity and further divided into ambulatory and non-ambulatory activities. The body mass index categories were compared using analysis of covariance. An isotemporal substitution model was used to confirm the interdependence of behaviors. Results Half of the participants were obese, with a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or higher. The obese group had significantly fewer light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and ambulatory moderate-to-vigorous physical activity times than the non-obese group. Replacing 10 min of sedentary behavior with ambulatory moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was significantly associated with a lower body mass index. Conclusions This study suggests a rationale for behaviors that should replace time of inactivity to reduce obesity in adults with Down syndrome. Specifically, replacing 10 min of sedentary behavior with ambulatory moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time may contribute to obesity reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Yamanaka
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Takayo Inayama
- Faculty of Health, and Human Development, The University of Nagano, Nagano, 380-8525, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ohkawara
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Michio Kojima
- Institute of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, 112-0012, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Nakada
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kita
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
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Kaseva K, Lounassalo I, Yang X, Kukko T, Hakonen H, Kulmala J, Pahkala K, Rovio S, Hirvensalo M, Raitakari O, Tammelin TH, Salin K. Associations of active commuting to school in childhood and physical activity in adulthood. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7642. [PMID: 37169787 PMCID: PMC10175542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether active commuting to school in childhood and adolescence predicted active commuting to work and overall physical activity (PA) in adulthood. Participants from the Young Finns Study (N = 2436) were aged 9-18 years in 1980 and followed up until 2018/2020. Their commuting modes to school were assessed with a self-reported questionnaire in 1980. Adulthood PA was assessed through self-reports regarding commuting modes to work (2001-2018), leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) (2001-2018), and objectively measured daily steps (2007-2018/2020). Associations between childhood commuting and adulthood PA were evaluated using regression analyses and multilevel models. Demographic, socioeconomic and environmental covariates were adjusted for in the analyses. Active commuting to school in childhood contributed favourably to LTPA in 2001 (B = .38, p < .001), in 2007 (B = .35, p < .001), and in 2018 (B = .28, p < .01). Active commuting in childhood was associated with higher number of daily aerobic steps (B = 299.00, p = .03) and daily aerobic steps during weekdays in 2011 (B = 312.15, p = .03). In 2018, active commuting associated favourably with daily aerobic steps (B = 370.42, p < .01), daily aerobic steps during weekdays (B = 347.65, p = .01), daily steps during weekends (B = 628.49, p = .02), and daily aerobic steps during weekends (B = 402.69, p = .03). Covariate adjustments attenuated the associations excluding the one between active commuting and LTPA in 2007 (B = .36, p = .01) and daily steps during weekends in 2018 (B = 782.25, p = .04). Active commuting to school in childhood might be one of the PA modes that contribute to PA in adulthood and is therefore encouraged to be promoted from an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Kaseva
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
- Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Irinja Lounassalo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuomas Kukko
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Harto Hakonen
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Janne Kulmala
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Pahkala
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi Rovio
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mirja Hirvensalo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuija H Tammelin
- School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kasper Salin
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Weiss MC, Adusumilli S, Jagai JS, Sargis RM. Transportation-related Environmental Mixtures and Diabetes Prevalence and Control in Urban/Metropolitan Counties in the United States. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad062. [PMID: 37260779 PMCID: PMC10227866 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes rates in the United States are staggering and climbing. Importantly, traditional risk factors fail to completely account for the magnitude of the diabetes epidemic. Environmental exposures, including urban and metropolitan transportation quality, are implicated as contributors to disease. Using data from the county-level Environmental Quality Index (EQI) developed for the United States, we analyzed associations between transportation and air quality environmental metrics with overall diabetes prevalence and control within urban/metropolitan counties in the United States from 2006 to 2012. Additionally, we examined effect modification by race/ethnicity through stratification based on the county-level proportion of minority residents. Last, we applied mixture methods to evaluate the effect of simultaneous poor transportation factors and worse air quality on the same outcomes. We found that increased county-level particulate matter air pollution and nitrogen dioxide along with reduced public transportation usage and lower walkability were all associated with increased diabetes prevalence. The minority proportion of the population influences some of these relationships as some of the effects of air pollution and the transportation-related environment are worse among counties with more minority residents. Furthermore, the transportation and air quality mixtures were found to be associated with increased diabetes prevalence and reduced diabetes control. These data further support the burgeoning evidence that poor environments amplify diabetes risk. Future cohort studies should explore the utility of environmental policies and urban planning as tools for improving metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Weiss
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sneha Adusumilli
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jyotsna S Jagai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Chicago Center for Health and Environment, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Bachner J, García-Massó X, Castillo I, Mess F, Molina-García J. Do Active Commuters Feel More Competent and Vital? A Self-Organizing Maps Analysis in University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127239. [PMID: 35742487 PMCID: PMC9223208 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
University students represent a population that faces high risks regarding physical inactivity. Research suggests that a regular engagement in physical activity (PA) may be more likely established when it leads to the experience of subjective vitality. Subjective vitality, in turn, is more likely achieved through physical activities that individuals feel competent in, and that take place in natural outdoor environments. An activity that may fulfill these conditions is active commuting to and from university (ACU). To examine whether and in which form ACU can combine this promising pattern of aspects, a person-oriented analysis was conducted. The sample contained 484 university students (59.3% females). Leisure-time PA, ACU by walking, ACU by cycling, subjective vitality, PA-related competence and body mass index were included as input variables in a self-organizing maps analysis. For both female and male university students, the identified clusters indicated that students who intensively engaged in ACU did not exhibit subjective vitality levels above average. Consistently, they did not show elevated levels of PA-related competence, which suggests that ACU does not support the perception of their physical abilities. Considerations regarding urban university environments lacking sufficient natural elements finally add to the conclusion that engaging in ACU does not suffice to establish a vitality-supportive and thus sustainable PA behavior. Additionally, the identified clusters illustrate a large heterogeneity regarding the interaction between leisure-time PA, body mass index and subjective vitality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Bachner
- Associate Professorship of Didactics in Sport and Health, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Xavier García-Massó
- Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (X.G.-M.); (J.M.-G.)
- AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Isabel Castillo
- AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Filip Mess
- Associate Professorship of Didactics in Sport and Health, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany;
| | - Javier Molina-García
- Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (X.G.-M.); (J.M.-G.)
- AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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Palma-Leal X, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Campos-Garzón P, Castillo-Paredes A, Chillón P. New Self-Report Measures of Commuting Behaviors to University and Their Association with Sociodemographic Characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312557. [PMID: 34886286 PMCID: PMC8657066 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Active commuting provides an opportunity for increased physical activity levels by a simple, inexpensive, and easy way to be incorporated in daily routines and could be considered a steppingstone for achieving a sustainable society since it provides physical, psychological, environmental, and economic benefits. Objective: (a) to describe the commuting patterns to and from university in students regarding gender, (b) to provide new self-report variables to measure the active commuting behavior, and (c) to examine the sociodemographic characteristics associated with commuting behaviors. Material and Methods: A total of 1257 university students (52.4% females) participated (22.4 ± 5.6 years old) from three Chilean universities located in different cities. Results: 56.1% of women and 42.0% men use public bus to and from university. The commuting energy expenditure was higher in active commuting followed by public and private modes of commuting (p < 0.001). The most active commuters were those older (men: OR = 3.637; 95% CI = 1.63, 8.10; women: OR = 8.841; 95% CI = 3.94, 13.78), those who lived in university residence (men: OR = 12.432; 95% CI = 4.39, 35.19; women: OR = 3.952; 95% CI = 1.31, 11.85), belonged to low socioeconomic level (men: OR = 3.820; 95% CI = 1.43, 10.18; women: OR = 4.936; 95% CI = 1.63, 14.90), and to public universities (men: OR = 26.757; 95% CI = 10.63, 67.34; women: OR = 8.029; 95% CI = 3.00, 21.48). Conclusion: The sociodemographic characteristics may influence in the mode of commuting to university. New variables of commuting behaviors may be efficient to quantify the physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Palma-Leal
- PROFITH Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (X.P.-L.); (P.C.-G.)
- IRyS Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar 2340000, Chile;
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- IRyS Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar 2340000, Chile;
| | - Pablo Campos-Garzón
- PROFITH Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (X.P.-L.); (P.C.-G.)
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8370035, Chile;
| | - Palma Chillón
- PROFITH Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (X.P.-L.); (P.C.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-600-706-999
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Yamamoto R, Shinzawa M, Yoshimura R, Taneike M, Nakanishi K, Nishida M, Yamauchi-Takihara K, Kudo T, Moriyama T. Living alone and prediction of weight gain and overweight/obesity in university students: a retrospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021:1-10. [PMID: 34586035 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1927052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To assess the clinical impact of living alone on weight gain in university students. Participants: This retrospective cohort study included 17540 male and 8854 female university students admitted to a national university in Japan. Methods: An association between living arrangement and the incidence of weight gain ≥10% and overweight/obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2) was assessed using multivariable-adjusted Poisson regression models. Results: Weight gain was observed in 1889 (10.8%) male and 1516 (17.1%) female students during 3.0 and 2.9 years of the mean observational period, respectively. Living alone was identified as a significant predictor of weight gain (adjusted incidence rate ratio of living alone vs. living with family: 1.24 [1.13-1.36] and 1.76 [1.58-1.95] in male and female students, respectively) and was also as a predictor of overweight/obesity. Conclusions: University students living alone were at a significantly higher risk of weight gain and overweight/obesity than those living with family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Yamamoto
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Health Promotion and Regulation, Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Maki Shinzawa
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Taneike
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Kaori Nakanishi
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishida
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Kudo
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Moriyama
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Health Promotion and Regulation, Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Toyonaka, Japan
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Eating Speed, Physical Activity, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Are Independent Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean University Students. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072420. [PMID: 34371929 PMCID: PMC8308714 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Little is known regarding the role of eating quickly, physical inactivity, and poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in assessing the onset of metabolic syndrome (Mets) in Korean young adults. Objectives: This study examined the association between the three risk factors and Mets in 1891 Korean university students (30% female) aged 18–29 years. Methods: Eating speed (slow vs. fast) and physical activity (active vs. inactive) were assessed with a standardized questionnaire. Maximal oxygen uptake as an indicator of CRF was assessed with graded exercise testing. Components of Mets were waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC). Results: All the three exposures were positively associated with abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressures, elevated FBG, elevated TG, and decreased HDLC. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR) of Mets was incremental in the order of physical inactivity (odds ratio, OR = 1.666; 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.024–2.708; p = 0.040), fast eating (OR = 1.687; 95% CI = 1.094–2.601; p = 0.018), and poor CRF (OR = 5.378; 95% CI = 3.475–8.325; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The current findings suggest that a multifaceted intervention targeting at promotion of physical activity and CRF in concert with healthy eating behaviors should be implemented as a preventive strategy against Mets in Korean university students.
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Castillo-Paredes A, Inostroza Jiménez N, Parra-Saldías M, Palma-Leal X, Felipe JL, Págola Aldazabal I, Díaz-Martínez X, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F. Environmental and Psychosocial Barriers Affect the Active Commuting to University in Chilean Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041818. [PMID: 33668427 PMCID: PMC7918915 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biking and walking are active commuting, which is considered an opportunity to create healthy habits. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the main environmental and psychosocial barriers perceived by students, leading to less Active Commuting (AC) to university and to not reaching the Physical Activity (PA) recommendations. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1349 university students (637 men and 712 women) were selected. A self-reported questionnaire was applied to assess the mode of commuting, PA level and barriers to the use of the AC. Results: Women presented higher barriers associated with passive commuting than men. The main barriers for women were “involves too much planning” (OR: 5.25; 95% CI: 3.14–8.78), “It takes too much time” (OR: 4.62; 95% CI: 3.05–6.99) and “It takes too much physical effort “ (OR: 3.18; 95% CI: 2.05–4.94). In men, the main barriers were “It takes too much time” (OR: 4.22; 95% CI: 2.97–5.99), “involves too much planning” (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.67–3.70) and “too much traffic along the route” (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.47–2.93). Psychosocial barriers were found in both sexes. Conclusions: Psychosocial and personal barriers were more positively associated with passive commuting than environmental barriers. Interventions at the university are necessary to improve the perception of AC and encourage personal organization to travel more actively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8370035, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-988388592
| | - Natalia Inostroza Jiménez
- Área Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de Chile INACAP, La Serena 1700000, Chile;
- Magíster en Nutrición para la Actividad Física y el Deporte, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Maribel Parra-Saldías
- IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2374631, Chile; (M.P.-S.); (X.P.-L.); (F.R.-R.)
| | - Ximena Palma-Leal
- IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2374631, Chile; (M.P.-S.); (X.P.-L.); (F.R.-R.)
| | - José Luis Felipe
- School of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.F.); (I.P.A.)
| | - Itziar Págola Aldazabal
- School of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.F.); (I.P.A.)
| | - Ximena Díaz-Martínez
- Quality of Life Research Group in Different Populations, Department of Education Sciences, Universidad del Bíobío, Chillan 3800949, Chile;
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2374631, Chile; (M.P.-S.); (X.P.-L.); (F.R.-R.)
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9
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Teuber M, Sudeck G. Why Do Students Walk or Cycle for Transportation? Perceived Study Environment and Psychological Determinants as Predictors of Active Transportation by University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041390. [PMID: 33546223 PMCID: PMC7913280 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
University students are particularly at risk to suffer from physical and psychological complaints and for not fulfilling health-oriented physical activity (PA) recommendations. Since PA is linked with various benefits for health and educational outcomes, the group of students is of particular interest for PA promotion. Although active commuting has been identified as a relevant domain of PA in order to gain the various benefits of PA, little knowledge is available with respect to university students. This study tested conditions in the study environment, as well as personal motivators and barriers, as determinants for the active transportation of university students. Using a cross-sectional convenience sample of a university in the southwest of Germany (n = 997), we applied factor analyses to bundle relevant information on environmental and psychological determinants (adapted NEWS-G; adapted transport-related items from an Australian university survey) and blockwise hierarchical regressions. The objective was to analyze associations between the bundled determinants and self-reports on PA for transport-related walking and cycling (measured by the EHIS-PAQ). Results revealed associations between transport-related cycling and the perceived study environment (e.g., high automobile traffic) as well as certain personal motivators and barriers (e.g., time effort or weather conditions). The study contributes to the knowledge about determinants that are important for the development and improvement of public health interventions for students in a university setting.
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Lorenzo E, Szeszulski J, Shin CN, Todd M, Lee RE. Relationship between walking for active transportation and cardiometabolic health among adults: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH 2020; 19:100927. [PMID: 34676154 PMCID: PMC8525782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2020.100927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Lorenzo
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3 St., Phoenix, Arizona, 85004, United States
| | - Jacob Szeszulski
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, Michael Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas Health Science Center at 7000 Fannin St. #2528 Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Cha-Nam Shin
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3 St., Phoenix, Arizona, 85004, United States
| | - Michael Todd
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3 St., Phoenix, Arizona, 85004, United States
| | - Rebecca E. Lee
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3 St., Phoenix, Arizona, 85004, United States
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West SL, Bates H, Watson J, Brenner IKM. Discriminating Metabolic Health Status in a Cohort of Nursing Students: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e21342. [PMID: 32857058 PMCID: PMC7486670 DOI: 10.2196/21342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is currently a worldwide health crisis. Nurses are integral members of the primary health care team and have an important role in managing obesity and administering physical activity (PA) for patients. However, research shows that nurses tend to be overweight or obese, have poor metabolic health, and do not meet PA recommendations. This is problematic because PA is linked to both physiological and psychological well-being and may also influence how nurses counsel their patients. Nursing students are the next generation of nurses; however, there is limited research examining PA (among other lifestyle factors) and metabolic health in nursing students. OBJECTIVE The goal of this research is to examine multiple lifestyle factors (including PA, nutrition, sleep, and stress) and determine whether these factors are associated with metabolic health in full-time undergraduate nursing students. METHODS An estimated 320 nursing students (18 years of age and older) will be assessed for their metabolic health. Metabolic status will be determined by measuring body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage [skinfold measures (FitSystems Inc)], resting blood pressure [automated oscillatory (Omron Healthcare Inc)], and fasting blood glucose (glucometer). Lifestyle factors will also be measured, including PA and sleep [the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and 7-day accelerometry (wGT3X-BT, Actigraph LLC)], nutrition [3-day diet log (Nutritionist Pro, Axxya Systems)], and stress [the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, heart rate variability assessments, and salivary cortisol (ELISA, Eagle Biosciences)]. The association between metabolic status and PA, sleep quantity and quality, nutrition, and stress will be examined by linear regression analyses. Differences by year of study in metabolic health status, PA, sleep, nutrition, and stress will be examined by 1-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs). To determine the ability of PA, sleep, nutrition, and stress to discriminate prevalent overweight and obesity or poor metabolic status, logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves will be constructed. Statistical analyses will be performed in Stata (version 16.1, StataCorp LLC). RESULTS Based on pilot data, we believe senior nursing students will have worse metabolic health (ie, higher BMI and WHR, increased body fat percentage, higher blood pressure, and increased fasting blood glucose) compared to first-year students. We hypothesize that poor PA participation, poor sleep quantity and quality, increased food intake, poor nutrition, and increased stress will be associated with worse metabolic health in full-time nursing students. The study received funding in February 2020. Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, work on this study has been delayed. We are currently completing our application for institutional research ethics approval. Data collection is projected to begin in January 2021, with data collection and analyses expected to be completed by May 2022. CONCLUSIONS This study will be the first published research to examine the relationship between lifestyle choices and metabolic status in nursing students attending a Canadian institution. More importantly, the results of this study will support the development of an informed intervention that will target the identified lifestyle factors, improving the physiological and mental health and well-being of nursing students. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/21342.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L West
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada.,Trent/Fleming School of Nursing, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Holly Bates
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Watson
- Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Ingrid K M Brenner
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada.,Trent/Fleming School of Nursing, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
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12
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Medina I, Petermann-Rocha F, Waddell H, Díaz-Martínez X, Matus-Castillo C, Cigarroa I, Concha-Cisternas Y, Salas-Bravo C, Martínez-Sanguinetti MA, Celis-Morales C. Association between Different Modes of Travelling and Adiposity in Chilean Population: Findings from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103731. [PMID: 32466197 PMCID: PMC7277509 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active travel has been suggested as a feasible way of increasing physical activity levels. Although international studies have demonstrated its effect over different health outcomes and adiposity, there is still limited evidence on this topic in developing countries, such as Chile. AIM To investigate the associations between different types of travelling and markers of obesity in the Chilean adult population. METHODS 5411 participants from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-2017 (CNHS) were included in this study. Active travel was assessed using a questionnaire. Car commuters, public transport (PT), walking and cycling were the four forms of travelling assessed. Bodyweight, body mass index and waist circumference were used as markers of adiposity. RESULTS Compared to car travellers, body weight, WC and BMI levels were lower for PT walking and cycling travellers. The odds for obesity (Odds ratio (OR): 0.41 (95% CI: 0.28; 0.61 p ≤ 0.001) were lower for walking and the odds (OR: 0.56 (95%CI: 0.35; 0.89 p = 0.014) for central obesity were significantly lower for cyclist in comparison to car travellers. Additionally, participation in any form of active travel (walking or cycling) was low, with only 20.9% of the population reporting being active travellers. CONCLUSION Active travel, such as walking and cycling, was associated with lower adiposity levels in the Chilean adult population. Promoting active travel could be a feasible strategy to tackle the high prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in the Chilean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Medina
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (I.M.); (F.P.-R.); (H.W.)
| | - Fanny Petermann-Rocha
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (I.M.); (F.P.-R.); (H.W.)
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8RZ, UK
| | - Heather Waddell
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (I.M.); (F.P.-R.); (H.W.)
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8RZ, UK
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ximena Díaz-Martínez
- Grupo de Investigación en Calidad de Vida, Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, Facultad de Educación y Humanidades, Universidad del Biobío, Chillán 378000, Chile
| | - Carlos Matus-Castillo
- Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte y Acondicionamiento Físico, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4090541, Chile;
| | - Igor Cigarroa
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8370003, Chile; (I.C.); (Y.C.-C.)
| | - Yeny Concha-Cisternas
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8370003, Chile; (I.C.); (Y.C.-C.)
- Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | - Carlos Salas-Bravo
- Departamento de Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | | | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (I.M.); (F.P.-R.); (H.W.)
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8RZ, UK
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio (CIFE), Universidad Mayor, Santiago 7510041, Chile
- Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +562-2518-9701
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13
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Active Commuting and Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082721. [PMID: 32326557 PMCID: PMC7215703 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical fitness (PF) is considered an excellent biomarker of health. One possible strategy to improve PF levels is active commuting. This review, performed accordingly to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines includes scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals up to December 2019 that aim at examining the relationship between active travel/commuting and PF. The search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Sixteen studies were included in this review. Findings from the 16 studies were unclear. From the eleven studies on children and adolescents screened, eight were cross-sectional, one prospective cohort, one quasi-experimental, and one experimental. From the five studies on adults, four were experimental and one cross-sectional. Body mass, waist circumference, skinfolds, fat mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, upper and lower strength tests were performed in children, adolescents, and adults. Agility and speed tests were performed only in the young age groups. Majority of the investigations on young ages and adults have shown positive effects or relationships between active commuting and several attributes of PF. However, to avoid misconceptions, there is a need for future robust investigation to identify potential mediators or confounders in this relationship. More robust investigations are essential to understand how and whether decision-makers and public health authorities can use active travel/commuting as a strategy to improve PF in all ages.
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14
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Porskamp T, Ergler C, Pilot E, Sushama P, Mandic S. The importance of social capital for young People's active transport and independent mobility in rural Otago, New Zealand. Health Place 2019; 60:102216. [PMID: 31590078 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Social capital influences adolescents' licenses for active transport and independent mobility, through parental decision making and safety concerns, and may contribute to increasing adolescents' physical activity. Drawing on 20 parental interviews and 11 focus groups (73 adolescents) from rural New Zealand, this paper shows the importance of social capital and social trust for active transport and independent mobility in an under researched rural context. Change over time in social capital, social trust and parental safety concerns limited adolescents' active transport and independent mobility. Health policy should incorporate social capital measures to increase adolescents' active transport, independent mobility and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Porskamp
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School of Geography, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; Maastricht Centre for Global Health, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Active Living Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Christina Ergler
- School of Geography, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Eva Pilot
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Centre for Global Health, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Preeti Sushama
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Centre for Global Health, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Mandic
- Active Living Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; Centre for Sustainability, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
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15
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Molina-García J, Menescardi C, Estevan I, Martínez-Bello V, Queralt A. Neighborhood Built Environment and Socioeconomic Status are Associated with Active Commuting and Sedentary Behavior, but not with Leisure-Time Physical Activity, in University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173176. [PMID: 31480418 PMCID: PMC6747177 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of neighborhood characteristics in promoting physical activity and sedentary behaviors (SB) has not been extensively studied in university students. The study purpose was to analyze the associations of neighborhood built environment and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) with active commuting, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and SB among university students. This is a cross-sectional study of 308 undergraduate students from two urban universities in Valencia, Spain. Participants' residential neighborhoods were classified according to walkability and SES levels. Walkability was defined as an index of three built environment attributes (i.e., residential density, land-use mix, and street connectivity) based on geographical information system data. Active commuting to and from university (ACU), active commuting in the neighborhood, LTPA, and SB were evaluated through a questionnaire. Mixed model regression analyses were performed. There were no significant SES-walkability interactions for any of the outcomes analyzed. However, university students living in more walkable areas reported two more ACU trips per week compared to those living in less walkable neighborhoods (p < 0.01). University students living in lower-SES neighborhoods reported more ACU trips per week than those living in higher-SES neighborhoods (p < 0.05). Regarding LTPA, there were no significant SES or walkability main effects. Neighborhood SES was negatively related to active commuting in the neighborhood and to time spent in SB (all p < 0.05). Participants living in lower-SES neighborhoods reported more active commuting per week and had the highest average minutes spent in SB. This study highlights the relevance of assessing university's residential environment when active transportation and SB are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Molina-García
- Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avda. dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
- AFIPS research group, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Cristina Menescardi
- Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avda. dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- AFIPS research group, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isaac Estevan
- Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avda. dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- AFIPS research group, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vladimir Martínez-Bello
- Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avda. dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- COS research group, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Queralt
- AFIPS research group, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Jaume Roig, s/n, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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16
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Wan Mohamed Radzi CWJ, Salarzadeh Jenatabadi H, Alanzi ARA, Mokhtar MI, Mamat MZ, Abdullah NA. Analysis of Obesity among Malaysian University Students: A Combination Study with the Application of Bayesian Structural Equation Modelling and Pearson Correlation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16030492. [PMID: 30744209 PMCID: PMC6388275 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In obesity modelling studies, researchers have been seeking to identify the effective indicators of obesity by using appropriate statistical or mathematical techniques. The main objective of the present study is addressed in three stages. First, a new framework for modelling obesity in university students is introduced. The second stage involves data analysis based on Bayesian Structural Equation Modelling (BSEM) for estimating the Body Mass Index (BMI) (representative of the obesity level) of students at three university levels: Bachelor, Master and PhD. In the third stage, the highest significant correlation is determined between the BMI and other variables in the research model that were found significant through the second phase. The data for this study were collected from students at selected Malaysian universities. The results indicate that unhealthy food intake (fast food and soft drinks), social media use and stress exhibit the highest weightage contributing to overweight and obesity issues for Malaysian university students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hashem Salarzadeh Jenatabadi
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Ayed R A Alanzi
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Human Studies at Hotat Sudair, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Istajib Mokhtar
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Zufri Mamat
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Aishah Abdullah
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
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